As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on August 30, 2024
File Nos. 333-279166 and 811-23964
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM N-2
REGISTRATION STATEMENT
UNDER
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THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933 | | x |
Pre-Effective Amendment No. 1 | | x |
Post-Effective Amendment No. | | ¨ |
and/or
REGISTRATION STATEMENT
UNDER
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THE INVESTMENT COMPANY ACT OF 1940 | | x |
Amendment No. 1 | | x |
(Check appropriate box or boxes.) | | |
DIAMOND HILL SECURITIZED CREDIT FUND
(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Charter)
325 John H. McConnell Blvd., Suite 200, Columbus, Ohio 43215
(Address of Principal Executive Offices) (Zip Code)
Registrant’s Telephone Number, including Area Code: (888) 226-5595
Jo Ann Quinif, Diamond Hill Securitized Credit Fund
325 John H. McConnell Blvd., Suite 200, Columbus, Ohio 43215
(Name and Address of Agent for Service)
With copy to:
Michael V. Wible, Esq.
Thompson Hine LLP
41 South High Street, Suite 1700
Columbus, Ohio 43215-6101
(614) 469-3200
Approximate Date of Commencement of Proposed Public Offering: As soon as practicable after the effective date of this Registration Statement.
☐ Check box if the only securities being registered on this Form are being offered pursuant to dividend or interest reinvestment plans.
☒ Check box if any securities being registered on this Form will be offered on a delayed or continuous basis in reliance on Rule 415 under the Securities Act of 1933 (“Securities Act”), other than securities offered in connection with a dividend reinvestment plan.
☐ Check box if this Form is a registration statement pursuant to General Instruction A.2 or a post-effective amendment thereto.
☐ Check box if this Form is a registration statement pursuant to General Instruction B or a post-effective amendment thereto that will become effective upon filing with the Commission pursuant to Rule 462(e) under the Securities Act.
☐ Check box if this Form is a post-effective amendment to a registration statement filed pursuant to General Instruction B to register additional securities or additional classes of securities pursuant to Rule 413(b) under the Securities Act.
It is proposed that this filing will become effective (check appropriate box)
☒ when declared effective pursuant to Section 8(c) of the Securities Act
The following boxes should only be included and completed if the registrant is making this filing in accordance with Rule 486 under the Securities Act.
☐ immediately upon filing pursuant to paragraph (b)
☐ on (date) pursuant to paragraph (b)
☐ 60 days after filing pursuant to paragraph (a)
☐ on (date) pursuant to paragraph (a)
If appropriate, check the following box:
☐ This [post-effective] amendment designates a new effective date for a previously filed [post-effective amendment] [registration statement].
☐ This Form is filed to register additional securities for an offering pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act, and the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering is:
.
☐ This Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(c) under the Securities Act, and the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering is: .
☐ This Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(d) under the Securities Act, and the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering is: .
Check each box that appropriately characterizes the Registrant:
☒ Registered Closed-End Fund (closed-end company that is registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940 (“Investment Company Act”)).
☐ Business Development Company (closed-end company that intends or has elected to be regulated as a business development company under the Investment Company Act).
☒ Interval Fund (Registered Closed-End Fund or a Business Development Company that makes periodic repurchase offers under Rule 23c-3 under the Investment Company Act).
☐ A.2 Qualified (qualified to register securities pursuant to General Instruction A.2 of this Form).
☐ Well-Known Seasoned Issuer (as defined by Rule 405 under the Securities Act).
☐ Emerging Growth Company (as defined by Rule 12b-2 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (“Exchange Act”).
☐ If an Emerging Growth Company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 7(a)(2)(B) of Securities Act.
☒ New Registrant (registered or regulated under the Investment Company Act for less than 12 calendar months preceding this filing).
__________________________________________________________________
THE REGISTRANT HEREBY AMENDS THIS REGISTRATION STATEMENT ON SUCH DATE OR DATES AS MAY BE NECESSARY TO DELAY ITS EFFECTIVE DATE UNTIL THE REGISTRANT SHALL FILE A FURTHER AMENDMENT WHICH SPECIFICALLY STATES THAT THIS REGISTRATION STATEMENT SHALL THEREAFTER BECOME EFFECTIVE IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION 8(a) OF THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED, OR UNTIL THIS REGISTRATION STATEMENT SHALL BECOME EFFECTIVE ON SUCH DATE AS THE COMMISSION, ACTING PURSUANT TO SECTION 8(a), MAY DETERMINE.
August 30, 2024
SUBJECT TO COMPLETION
THE INFORMATION HEREIN IS NOT COMPLETE AND MAY BE CHANGED. WE MAY NOT SELL THESE SECURITIES UNTIL THE REGISTRATION STATEMENT FILED WITH THE U.S. SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION IS EFFECTIVE. THIS PROSPECTUS IS NOT AN OFFER TO SELL THESE SECURITIES AND IS NOT SOLICITING AN OFFER TO BUY THESE SECURITIES IN ANY JURISDICTION IN WHICH THE OFFER OR SALE IS NOT PERMITTED.
PRELIMINARY PROSPECTUS
SUBJECT TO COMPLETION, DATED [______], 2024
DIAMOND HILL SECURITIZED CREDIT FUND
Shares of Beneficial Interest
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| Class A | Class I | Class R |
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Diamond Hill Securitized Credit Fund | DSCAX | DHCIX | DSCRX |
The Diamond Hill Securitized Credit Fund (the “Fund”) is a continuously-offered, non-diversified, closed-end management investment company that is operated as an interval fund. The Fund intends to register three classes of shares: Class A Shares, Class I Shares, and Class R Shares. Presently, only Class R Shares will be offered.
Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved these securities or determined if this Prospectus is truthful or complete. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.
This Prospectus concisely provides the information that a prospective investor should know about the Fund before investing. Investors are advised to read this Prospectus carefully and to retain it for future reference. Additional information about the Fund, including a statement of additional information, dated ________________, 2024 (the “Statement of Additional Information”), has been filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) and is incorporated by reference in its entirety into this Prospectus. The Statement of Additional Information and the Fund’s annual and semi-annual reports and other information filed with the SEC, can be obtained upon request and without charge by writing to the Fund at Diamond Hill Securitized Credit Fund, P.O. Box 46707, Cincinnati, OH 45246, by calling (888) 226-5595 or by visiting the Fund’s website at www.diamond-hill.com/documents. Investors may request the Statement of Additional Information, annual and semi-annual reports and other information about the Fund or make Shareholder inquiries by calling (888) 226-5595 or by visiting www.diamond-hill.com/documents. In addition, the contact information provided above may be used to request additional information about the Fund and to make Shareholder inquiries. The Statement of Additional Information, other material incorporated by reference into this Prospectus and other information about the Fund is also available on the SEC’s website at http://www.sec.gov. The address of the SEC’s website is provided solely for the information of prospective investors and is not intended to be an active link.
Investment Objective. The Fund seeks to maximize total return.
Securities Offered. The Fund engages in a continuous offering of shares of beneficial interest of the Fund (“Shares”). The Fund is authorized as a Delaware statutory trust to offer an unlimited number of Shares. Shares are not subject to sales charges. The Fund reserves the right to waive the investment minimum. Shares are being offered through Foreside
Financial Services, Inc. (the “Distributor”) at an offering price equal to the Fund’s then current net asset value (“NAV” per Share.
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| Class A | Class I(3) | Class R(4) |
Public Offering Price | Current NAV | Current NAV | Current NAV |
Sales Charge (Load)(1) | None | None | None |
Proceeds to the Fund (Before Expenses)(2) | $ Amount invested at current NAV | $ Amount invested at current NAV | $ Amount invested at current NAV |
Minimum Initial Investment | $2,500 | $2,500 | $50 Million |
(1) Shares are not subject to front-end sales charges, but the Fund may in the future impose sales charges. Class A Shares are subject to a distribution/service fee that will accrue at an annual rate equal to 0.50%. See “Summary of Fund Fees and Expenses,” “Plan of Distribution” and “Share Repurchase Program.”
(2) Assumes all Shares currently registered are sold in the continuous offering. Diamond Hill Capital Management, Inc. (the “Adviser”) will bear certain ongoing offering costs associated with the Fund’s continuous offering of Shares. The Fund’s initial organizational and offering expenses (including pre-effective expenses) were $0, since all such expenses were paid by Diamond Hill Capital Management, Inc., as described under “Fund Expenses” below.
(3) Class I Shares are only available to clients of financial intermediaries with whom the Fund has a selling agreement to distribute Class I Shares, to personnel of the Adviser, and to certain others as may be determined by the Fund. The Fund reserves the right to waive the minimum investment for certain investors.
(4) Class R Shares are available only: (1) to clients of financial intermediaries with whom the Fund has a selling agreement to distribute Class R Shares, (2) to endowments, foundations, pension funds and other institutional investors, or (3) to certain others as may be determined by the Fund. The Fund reserves the right to waive the minimum investment for certain investors.
Interval Fund. The Fund operates as an “interval fund” (defined below) pursuant to which it, subject to applicable law, will conduct quarterly repurchase offers for between 5% and 25% of its Shares at NAV. The Fund will not be required to repurchase Shares at the option of a holder of the Shares (“Shareholder”) nor will Shares be exchangeable for units, interests or shares of any investment of the Fund. In connection with each repurchase offer, it is possible that the Fund may offer to repurchase only the minimum amount of 5% of its outstanding Shares. It is also possible that a repurchase offer may be oversubscribed, with the result that Shareholders may only be able to have a portion of their Shares repurchased. The Fund does not currently intend to list its Shares for trading on any national securities exchange. The Shares are, therefore, not readily marketable. Even though the Fund will make quarterly repurchase offers to repurchase a portion of the Shares to try to provide liquidity to Shareholders, investors should consider the Shares to be illiquid.
Certain Risks. An investment in the Fund is subject to, among others, the following risks:
•Shares are not listed on any securities exchange, which makes them inherently illiquid.
•There is not expected to be any secondary trading market in the Shares.
•Shares are not redeemable. An investment in the Fund may not be suitable for investors who may need the money they invest in a specified timeframe.
•Although the Fund intends to provide liquidity through quarterly offers to repurchase a limited amount of Shares (at least 5%), the Fund will not be required to repurchase Shares at a Shareholder’s option nor will Shares be exchangeable for units, interests, or shares of any security.
•The Fund may invest an unlimited portion of its assets in securities that have speculative characteristics, e.g., lower-rated or unrated debt, which may be subject to default, valuation, and liquidity risk. See “Risk Factors” beginning on page [x].
•There is no assurance that monthly distributions paid by the Fund will be maintained at a certain level or that dividends will be paid at all.
•The Fund’s distributions may be funded from unlimited amounts of offering proceeds or borrowings, which may constitute a return of capital and reduce the amount of capital available to the Fund for investment. Any capital returned to Shareholders through distributions will be distributed after payment of fees and expenses.
•A return of capital to Shareholder's is a return of a portion of their original investment in the Fund, thereby reducing the tax basis of their investment. As a result from such reduction in tax basis, Shareholders may be subject to tax in connection with the sale of Shares, even if such Shares are sold at a loss relative to the Shareholder's original investment.
Investing in Shares involves a high degree of risk. See “Types of Investments and Related Risks” of this Prospectus beginning on page [x].
The date of this Prospectus is _____________, 2024.
Investment Adviser. The investment adviser to the Fund is Diamond Hill Capital Management, Inc., an investment adviser registered with the SEC under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended (the “Advisers Act”). The Adviser oversees the management of the Fund’s activities and is responsible for making investment decisions for the Fund’s portfolio.
The Fund and the Adviser have submitted an application for exemptive relief from the SEC that would allow the Fund in the future to, among other things: (i) designate multiple classes of Shares; (ii) impose an early withdrawal fee on certain classes of Shares; and (iii) impose an asset-based sales charge and/or distribution/service fee on certain classes of Shares. Accordingly, in the future, the Fund could impose an early withdrawal fee, a front-end sales charge or, subject to Shareholder approval, a distribution/service fee on the Shares to which this Prospectus relates. Any additional charges applied to the Shares would only apply to Shares purchased after the additional charge is adopted and disclosed in the Prospectus.
Shares are not deposits or obligations of, and are not guaranteed or endorsed by, any bank or other insured depository institution, and Shares are not insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”), the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, or any other government agency.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
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| PAGE |
SUMMARY OF TERMS | |
SUMMARY OF FEES AND EXPENSES | |
FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS | |
THE FUND | |
USE OF PROCEEDS | |
INVESTMENT OBJECTIVE AND POLICIES | |
RISK FACTORS | |
MANAGEMENT OF THE FUND | |
FUND EXPENSES | |
DETERMINATION OF NET ASSET VALUE | |
CONFLICTS OF INTEREST | |
QUARTERLY SHARE REPURCHASE PROGRAM | |
DISTRIBUTION POLICY | |
DIVIDEND REINVESTMENT POLICY | |
U.S. FEDERAL INCOME TAX | |
DESCRIPTION OF CAPITAL STRUCTURE AND SHARES | |
ANTI-TAKEOVER PROVISIONS IN THE DECLARATION OF TRUST | |
PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION | |
REPORTS TO SHAREHOLDERS | |
HOUSEHOLDING | |
INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM | |
PRIVACY NOTICE | |
SUMMARY OF TERMS
This is only a summary and does not contain all of the information that a prospective investor should consider before investing in the Fund. Before investing, a prospective investor in the Fund should carefully read the more detailed information appearing elsewhere in this Prospectus and incorporated by reference in this Prospectus and the Statement of Additional Information, particularly the information set forth under the heading “Risk Factors” in this Prospectus.
THE FUND
The Fund is a Delaware statutory trust that is registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “1940 Act”) as a continuously-offered, non-diversified, closed-end management investment company. The Fund is operated as an interval fund that will offer to make quarterly repurchases of its Shares at NAV. See “Quarterly Share Repurchase Program.”
INVESTMENT OBJECTIVE
The Fund seeks to maximize total return.
INVESTMENT POLICIES AND STRATEGIES
Under normal market conditions, the Fund invests at least 80% of its net assets (plus borrowings for investment purposes) in securitized bond investments. Securitized bond investments are also referred to as “structured product securities” or “structured products.” Securitized bond investments include interests in pools of secured loans backed by commercial real estate, residential real estate, commercial or consumer loans, and securitizations such as agency and non-agency mortgage-backed securities (“MBS”) (including commercial mortgage-backed securities (“CMBS”), residential mortgage-backed securities (“RMBS”), and collateralized mortgage obligations (“CMOs”)), asset-backed securities (“ABS”), and other similar securities and related instruments. Shareholders will be given 60 days prior notice of any change in the Fund’s policy to invest at least 80% of net assets in securitized bond investments.
Agency MBS are issued or guaranteed by the U.S. government, its agencies or instrumentalities, which include mortgage pass-through securities representing interests in pools of mortgage loans issued or guaranteed by the Government National Mortgage Association (“Ginnie Mae”), the Federal National Mortgage Association (“Fannie Mae”), the Student Loan Marketing Association (“Sallie Mae”) or the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation (“Freddie Mac”). The Fund may also invest in other fixed income instruments, which include bonds, debt or credit securities and other similar instruments issued by various U.S. and non-U.S. public or private sector entities at the discretion of the Adviser.
The Adviser buys and sells securities based on a risk/reward analysis that includes an evaluation of credit risk, interest rate risk, prepayment risk, and the legal and technical structure of the security. The Adviser will attempt to take advantage of inefficiencies that it believes exist in the fixed income markets. The Adviser seeks to invest in securities that the Adviser expects to offer attractive prospects for income and/or capital appreciation in relation to the risk borne.
The Fund’s investments may be issued by U.S. and non-U.S. issuers. There is no limit on the percentage of the Fund’s assets that may be invested in the securities or loans of non-U.S. issuers or obligors, including, without limitation, securities of emerging markets issuers or obligors. However, the Fund anticipates that under normal circumstances, it will invest no more than 10% of its total assets in non-U.S. securities and U.S. securities of entities domiciled in non-U.S. countries. Fund investments may include private placement debt securities. The Fund may be the sole buyer of such securities designed for purchase by the Fund. There is no limit as to the percentage of the Fund’s portfolio that may be invested in such securities and the securities purchased by the Fund may be, by definition, illiquid investments for which there is currently no secondary market.
The Fund’s investments may be of any credit quality, including, without limitation, investments that are rated below investment grade (commonly referred to as “high yield” or “junk” instruments) or unrated but determined by the Adviser to be of comparable quality, or that are distressed (e.g., where a borrower is demonstrating adverse financial conditions and/or negative repayment trends but has not yet defaulted) or in default.
The Fund’s portfolio will be deemed to be non-diversified under the 1940 Act, meaning it may invest a greater percentage of its assets in a single or limited number of issuers than a diversified fund.
The Fund may invest in all money market instruments, U.S. Government obligations, commercial paper, repurchase agreements, and other cash or cash equivalent positions (collectively, “Cash Positions”). The Fund may invest in Cash
Positions at any time to maintain liquidity, pending selection of investments by the Adviser, or if the Adviser believes that sufficient investment opportunities that meet the Fund’s investment criteria are not available.
PORTFOLIO COMPOSITION
The Fund’s portfolio will consist primarily of:
Asset-Backed Securities. Asset-backed securities consist of securities secured by company receivables, home equity loans, truck and auto loans, leases, or credit card receivables. Asset-backed securities also include other securities backed by other types of receivables or other assets, including collateralized debt obligations (“CDOs”), which include collateralized bond obligations (“CBOs”), collateralized loan obligations (“CLOs”) and other similarly structured securities. Such assets are generally securitized through the use of trusts or special purpose corporations. Asset-backed securities are backed by a pool of assets representing the obligations often of a number of different parties. Certain of these securities may be illiquid.
High Yield/High Risk Securities/Junk Bonds. High yield, high risk bonds are securities that are generally rated below investment grade by the primary rating agencies (BB+ or lower by S&P and Bal or lower by Moody’s) or unrated but determined by the Adviser to be of comparable quality. Other terms used to describe such securities include “lower rated bonds,” “non-investment grade bonds,” “below investment grade bonds,” and “junk bonds.” These securities are considered to be high-risk investments.
Inverse Floaters and Interest Rate Caps. Inverse floaters are instruments whose interest rates bear an inverse relationship to the interest rate on another security or the value of an index. The market value of an inverse floater will vary inversely with changes in market interest rates and will be more volatile in response to interest rate changes than that of a fixed rate obligation. Interest rate caps are financial instruments under which payments occur if an interest rate index exceeds a certain predetermined interest rate level, known as the cap rate, which is tied to a specific index. These financial products will be more volatile in price than securities which do not include such a structure.
Investment Company Securities. The Fund may invest in securities issued by other investment companies, including exchange-traded funds (“ETFs”), open-end funds, and closed-end funds. The Fund does not intend to invest in affiliated investment companies.
Mortgage-Related Securities
Mortgages (Directly Held). Mortgages are debt instruments secured by real property. Unlike mortgage-backed securities, which generally represent an interest in a pool of mortgages, direct investments in mortgages involve prepayment and credit risks of an individual issuer and real property.
Mortgage-Backed Securities (CMOs and REMICs). MBS include CMOs and real estate mortgage investment conduits (“REMICs”). A REMIC is a CMO that qualifies for special tax treatment under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”), and invests in certain mortgages principally secured by interests in real property and other permitted investments.
MBS represent pools of mortgage loans assembled for sale to investors by:
•various governmental agencies such as Ginnie Mae;
•organizations such as Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac; and
•non-governmental issuers such as commercial banks, savings and loan institutions, mortgage bankers, and private mortgage insurance companies (non-governmental mortgage securities cannot be treated as U.S. government securities for purposes of investment policies).
There are a number of important differences among the agencies and instrumentalities of the U.S. government that issue mortgage-related securities and among the securities that they issue.
CMOs and guaranteed REMIC pass-through certificates (“REMIC Certificates”) issued by Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac, Ginnie Mae and private issuers are types of multiple class pass-through securities. Investors may purchase beneficial interests in REMICs, which are known as “regular” interests or “residual” interests. The Fund does not currently intend to purchase residual interests in REMICs. The REMIC Certificates represent beneficial ownership interests in a REMIC Trust, generally consisting of mortgage loans or Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac or Ginnie Mae guaranteed mortgage pass-through certificates (the “Mortgage Assets”). The obligations of Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac or Ginnie Mae under their respective guaranty of the REMIC Certificates are obligations solely of Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac or Ginnie Mae, respectively.
REMIC Certificates issued by Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac and Ginnie Mae are treated as U.S. Government securities for purposes of investment policies.
Stripped Mortgage-Backed Securities. Stripped Mortgage-Backed Securities (“SMBS”) are derivative multi-class mortgage securities issued outside the REMIC or CMO structure. SMBS are usually structured with two classes that receive different proportions of the interest and principal distributions from a pool of mortgage assets. A common type of SMBS will have one class receiving all of the interest from the mortgage assets (“IOs”), while the other class will receive all of the principal (“POs”). Mortgage IOs receive monthly interest payments based upon a notional amount that declines over time as a result of the normal monthly amortization and unscheduled prepayments of principal on the associated mortgage POs.
Adjustable Rate Mortgage Loans (“ARMs”). ARMs eligible for inclusion in a mortgage pool will generally provide for a fixed initial mortgage interest rate for a specified period of time. Thereafter, the interest rates (the “Mortgage Interest Rates”) may be subject to periodic adjustment based on changes in the applicable index rate (the “Index Rate”). The adjusted rate would be equal to the Index Rate plus a gross margin, which is a fixed percentage spread over the Index Rate established for each ARM at the time of its origination.
There are two main categories of indices which provide the basis for rate adjustments on ARMs: those based on U.S. Treasury securities and those derived from a calculated measure such as a cost of funds index or a moving average of mortgage rates.
Non-U.S. Investments. The Fund may invest in certain obligations or securities of non-U.S. issuers and will be subject to risks not typically associated with U.S. securities. Non-U.S. investments, especially those of companies in emerging markets, can be riskier and more volatile than investments in the U.S. Adverse political and economic developments of changes in the value of non-U.S. currency can make it more difficult for the Fund to sell its securities and could reduce the value of Shareholders’ Shares. Differences in tax and accounting standards and difficulties in obtaining information about non-U.S. companies can negatively affect investment decisions.
Private Placements, Restricted Securities and Other Unregistered Securities. The Fund may acquire investments that are illiquid or have limited liquidity, such as commercial obligations issued in reliance on the so-called “private placement” exemption from registration afforded by Section 4(a)(2) under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “1933 Act”), and cannot be offered for public sale in the U.S. without first being registered under the 1933 Act. An illiquid investment is any investment that cannot be disposed of within seven days in the normal course of business at approximately the amount at which it is valued by the Fund. The price the Fund pays for illiquid securities or receives upon resale may be lower than the price paid or received for similar securities with a more liquid market. Accordingly, the valuation of these securities will reflect any limitations on their liquidity.
Short-Term Funding Agreements. To enhance yield, the Fund may make limited investments in short-term funding agreements issued by banks and highly rated U.S. insurance companies. Short-term funding agreements issued by insurance companies are sometimes referred to as guaranteed investment contracts (“GICs”), while those issued by banks are referred to as bank investment contracts (“BICs”). Pursuant to such agreements, the Fund makes cash contributions to a deposit account at a bank or insurance company. The bank or insurance company then credits to the Fund on a monthly basis guaranteed interest at either a fixed, variable, or floating rate. These contracts are general obligations of the issuing bank or insurance company (although they may be the obligations of an insurance company separate account) and are paid from the general assets of the issuing entity.
The Fund will purchase short-term funding agreements only from banks and insurance companies which, at the time of purchase, are rated in one of the three highest rating categories by the primary rating agencies (BBB- or higher by the S&P and Baa3 or higher by Moody’s) or unrated but determined by the Adviser to be of comparable quality and have assets of $1 billion or more. Generally, there is no active secondary market in short-term funding agreements. Therefore, short-term funding agreements may be considered by the Fund to be illiquid investments.
Structured Instruments. A structured instrument is a security having a return tied to an underlying index or other security or asset class. Structured instruments generally are individually negotiated agreements and may be traded over-the-counter. Structured investments are organized and operated to restructure the investment characteristics of the underlying security.
Structured instruments that are registered under the federal securities laws may be treated as liquid. In addition, many structured instruments may not be registered under the federal securities laws. In that event, the Fund’s ability to resell such a structured instrument may be more limited than its ability to resell other Fund securities.
Credit Linked Notes. Credit linked securities or credit linked notes (“CLNs”) are typically issued by a limited purpose trust or other vehicle (the “CLN trust”) that, in turn, invests in a derivative or basket of derivatives instruments, such as credit default swaps, interest rate swaps, and/or other securities in order to provide exposure to certain high yield, sovereign debt, emerging markets, or other fixed income markets. Generally, investments in CLNs represent the right to receive periodic income payments (in the form of distributions) and payment of principal at the end of the term of the CLN. However, these payments are conditioned on the CLN trust’s receipt of payments from, and the CLN trust’s potential obligations, to the counterparties to the derivative instruments and other securities in which the CLN trust invests.
The Fund may enter into CLNs structured as “First-to-Default” CLNs. In a First-to-Default CLN, the CLN trust enters into a credit default swap on a portfolio of a specified number of individual securities pursuant to which the CLN trust sells protection to a counterparty.
The Fund may also enter in CLNs to gain access to sovereign debt and securities in emerging market particularly in markets where the Fund is not able to purchase securities directly due to domicile restrictions or tax restrictions or tariffs.
Participation Notes and Participatory Notes. The Fund may invest in instruments that have similar economic characteristics to equity securities, such as participation notes (also known as participatory notes (“P-notes”)) or other structured instruments that may be developed from time to time. Structured instruments are notes that are issued by banks, broker-dealers or their affiliates and are designed to offer a return linked to a particular underlying equity or market.
Direct U.S. Government Obligations. U.S. government obligations may include direct obligations of the U.S. Treasury, including Treasury bills, notes, and bonds, all of which are backed as to principal and interest payments by the full faith and credit of the U.S., and separately traded principal and interest component parts of such obligations that are transferable through the Federal book-entry system.
Variable and Floating Rate Instruments. The Fund may acquire variable and floating rate instruments. A variable rate instrument is one whose terms provide for the adjustment of its interest rate on set dates and which, upon such adjustment, can reasonably be expected to have a market value that approximates its par value.
Certain obligations purchased by the Fund may carry variable or floating rates of interest, may involve a conditional or unconditional demand feature and may include variable amount master demand notes.
When-Issued Securities and Forward Commitments. Securities may be purchased on a when-issued or forward commitment basis. For example, delivery of and payment for these securities can take place a month or more after the date of the purchase commitment. The purchase price and the interest rate payable, if any, on the securities are fixed on the purchase commitment date or at the time the settlement date is fixed. The value of such securities is subject to market fluctuation, and for money market instruments and other fixed income securities, no interest accrues to the Fund until settlement takes place. To the extent the Fund engages in forward commitment transactions or when-issued transactions, it will do so for the purpose of acquiring securities consistent with its investment objective and policies and not for the purpose of investment leverage.
Zero-Coupon, Delayed Interest, and Capital Appreciation Securities. Zero-coupon, delayed interest, pay-in-kind (“PIK”), and capital appreciation securities are securities that make no periodic interest payments, but are sold at a discount from their face value. The buyer recognizes a rate of return determined by the gradual appreciation of the security, which is redeemed at face value on a specified maturity date. The discount varies depending on the time remaining until maturity, as well as market interest rates, liquidity of the security, and the issuer’s perceived credit quality. PIK securities may be debt obligations or preferred shares that provide the issuer with the option of paying interest or dividends on such obligations in cash or in the form of additional securities rather than cash. The interest rates on these securities are higher to reflect the time-value of money on deferred interest payments and the higher credit risk of borrowers who may need to defer interest payments.
THE INVESTMENT ADVISER
The Adviser, located at 325 John H. McConnell Blvd, Suite 200, Columbus OH 43215, serves as the Fund’s investment adviser. The Adviser advises open-end mutual funds as well as the Fund and is registered as an investment adviser with the SEC under the Advisers Act.
MANAGEMENT FEE
Pursuant to the investment advisory agreement by and between the Fund and the Adviser (the “Investment Advisory Agreement”), and in consideration of the advisory services provided by the Adviser to the Fund, the Adviser is entitled to a management fee (the “Management Fee”) equal to 1.25% of the Fund’s average daily net assets.
ADMINISTRATOR, FUND ACCOUNTANT AND TRANSFER AGENT
Diamond Hill Capital Management, Inc. serves as the administrator to the Fund (“Administrator”). See “Management of the Fund- Administrator.” The Administrator renders all administrative, transfer agency, fund accounting and supervisory services to the Fund. Pursuant to an administrative and transfer agency services agreement by and between the Fund and the Administrator (the “Administration Agreement”), and in consideration of the administrative services provided by the Administrator to the Fund, the Administrator is entitled to a fee (the “Administration Fee”) equal to 0.50% of the Fund’s average daily net assets of each of Class A and Class I Shares and 0.10% of the Fund's average daily net assets of Class R Shares.
Ultimus Fund Solutions, LLC acts as the Fund’s sub-fund accounting agent and sub-transfer agent (“Transfer Agent”). See “Management of the Fund- Sub-Administrator and Sub-Transfer Agent.”
CUSTODIAN
State Street Bank and Trust Company serves as the Fund’s custodian. See “Management of the Fund- Custodian.”
UNLISTED CLOSED-END INTERVAL FUND STRUCTURE
The Fund has been organized as a continuously offered, non-diversified closed-end management investment company and operates as an interval fund. Closed-end funds differ from open-end funds (commonly known as mutual funds) in that closed-end funds’ shareholders do not have the right to redeem their shares on a daily basis. Unlike most closed-end funds, which typically list their shares on a securities exchange, the Fund does not currently intend to list the Shares for trading on any securities exchange, and the Fund does not anticipate any secondary market to develop for the Shares in the foreseeable future. Accordingly, an investment in the Fund, unlike an investment in a typical closed-end fund, should not be considered to be a liquid investment. In order to provide some liquidity to Shareholders, the Fund is structured as an “interval fund” and will conduct quarterly repurchase offers for a limited amount of the Shares (at least 5%).
The Fund’s NAV per Share may be volatile. As the Shares are not traded, investors will not be able to dispose of their investment in the Fund no matter how poorly the Fund performs.
SHARE REPURCHASE PROGRAM
The Shares have no history of public trading, nor is it intended that the Shares will be listed on a public exchange at this time. No secondary market is expected to develop for the Shares.
The Fund is an “interval fund,” which is designed to provide some liquidity to Shareholders by making quarterly offers to repurchase between 5% and 25% of its outstanding Shares at NAV, pursuant to Rule 23c-3 under the 1940 Act, unless such offer is suspended or postponed in accordance with relevant regulatory requirements (as discussed below). In connection with any given repurchase offer, it is possible that the Fund may offer to repurchase only the minimum allowable amount of 5% of its outstanding Shares at the NAV applicable to the class of Shares repurchased. Quarterly repurchases will occur in the months of March, June, September, and December. The Fund’s offer to purchase Shares is a fundamental policy that may not be changed without the approval of the holders of a majority of the Fund’s outstanding voting securities (as defined in the 1940 Act). Written notifications of each quarterly repurchase offer (the “Repurchase Offer Notice”) will be sent to Shareholders at least 21 calendar days before the repurchase request deadline (i.e., the date by which Shareholders can tender their Shares in response to a repurchase offer) (the “Repurchase Request Deadline”), which is ordinarily on the third Friday of the month in which the repurchase occurs. The Repurchase Offer Notice will also include the “Repurchase Pricing Date,” or the date the NAV per share is determined. The Repurchase Pricing Date will generally be the same date as the Repurchase Request Deadline but may extend no later than 14 calendar days after the Repurchase Request Deadline. The Fund expects to distribute payment to Shareholders between one and three business days after the Repurchase Pricing Date and will distribute such payment no later than seven calendar days after such date. The Shares are not listed on any securities exchange, and the Fund anticipates that no secondary market will develop for the Shares. Accordingly, Shareholders may not be able to sell Shares when and/or in the amount that they desire. Thus, the Shares are appropriate only as a long-term investment. In addition, the Fund’s repurchase offers may subject the Fund and Shareholders to special risks. See “Principal Risks of Investing in the Fund - Repurchase Offers Risks.”
INVESTING THROUGH A FINANCIAL INTERMEDIARY
If an investor invests in the Fund through an investment adviser, bank, broker-dealer, 401(k) plan, trust company, or other financial intermediary, the policies and fees for transacting business may be different than those described in this Prospectus. Some financial intermediaries may charge transaction fees and may set different minimum investments or limitations on buying or selling Shares. Some financial intermediaries do not charge a direct transaction fee, but instead charge a fee for services, such as sub-transfer agency, accounting, and/or shareholder services that the financial intermediary provides on the Fund’s behalf. This fee may be based on the number of accounts or may be a percentage of the average value of the Shareholder accounts for which the financial intermediary provides services. The Adviser may pay a portion of this fee, which is intended to compensate the financial intermediary for providing the same services that would otherwise be provided by the Transfer Agent or other service providers if the Shares were purchased directly from the Fund. To the extent that these fees are not paid by via the Administration Fee, the Adviser may pay a fee to financial intermediaries for such services.
DISTRIBUTIONS
The Fund intends to distribute to Shareholders as dividends all or substantially all of its net investment income and any realized net capital gains. Distributions from the Fund’s net investment income are accrued daily and typically paid monthly. However, there can be no assurances that the Fund will achieve any level of distribution to Shareholders. See “Distributions.”
The Board of Trustees of the Fund (“Board”) reserves the right to change the distribution policy.
DIVIDEND REINVESTMENT PLAN
Unless a Shareholder indicates another option on the account application, any dividends and capital gain distributions paid to the Shareholder by the Fund automatically will be invested in additional Shares. Alternatively, a Shareholder may elect to have: (1) dividends and/or capital gain distributions paid in cash; or (2) the full amount of any dividends and capital gain distributions paid in cash.
SHARE CLASSES
The Fund has applied for exemptive relief from the SEC that, if granted, will permit the Fund to issue multiple classes of Shares, to impose asset-based distribution fees, and to assess an early withdrawal charge. There is no assurance, however, that the relief will be granted. At present, only Class R Shares are available for purchase. Upon receiving the exemptive relief, the Fund will also offer Class A Shares and Class I Shares, and may offer additional classes of Shares in the future. Class A Shares and Class I Shares will not be offered to investors until the exemptive relief is obtained.
An investment in any Share class represents an investment in the same assets of the Fund. However, the purchase restrictions and ongoing fees and expenses for each Share class are different. Shares are not currently subject to front-end sales charges. While neither the Fund nor the Distributor impose an initial sales charge, if an investor buy Shares through certain financial firms, they may directly charge the investor transaction or other fees in such amount as they may determine. Investors should consult their financial firm for additional information. The fees and expenses for the Fund are set forth in “Summary of Fees and Expenses.” See also “Plan of Distribution.”
Foreside Financial Services, LLC, located at Three Canal Plaza, Suite 100, Portland, ME 04101, is the Fund’s principal underwriter and exclusive agent for distribution of the Shares. The Distributor continually distributes Shares on a best efforts basis. The Distributor is not required to sell any specific number or dollar amount of Shares, but will use it best efforts to solicit orders for the sale of the Shares. Shares will not be listed on any national securities exchange and the Distributor will not act as a market maker in Shares.
The Distributor and its officers have no role in determining the investment policies or which securities are to be purchased or sold by the Fund. The Distributor does not receive compensation from the Fund for its Distribution services. The Adviser pays the Distributor a fee for certain distribution-related services.
The Shares are offered for sale through the Distributor at NAV. The Distributor also may enter into selling agreements with selling agents and certain other financial intermediaries for the sale and distribution of the Shares. These selling agents and other financial intermediaries may impose terms and conditions on investor accounts and investments in the Fund that are in addition to the terms and conditions set forth in this Prospectus. Any terms and conditions imposed by such selling agent or other financial intermediary, or operational limitations applicable to such parties, may affect or limit a Shareholder’s ability
to purchase Shares or tender Shares for repurchase, or otherwise transact business with the Fund. See “Plan of Distribution – Distribution and Shareholder Servicing Fee on Class A Shares” for additional information.
Investors should consult with these dealer parties about the sales load and any additional fees or charges they might impose on each class of Shares in addition to any fees imposed by the Fund.
Investors eligible to purchase Class I Shares may exchange Class A Shares for Class I Shares. See “Plan of Distribution – Share Class Conversion” in this Prospectus for additional information.
DISTRIBUTION AND SERVICING FEE ON CLASS A SHARES
The Adviser has submitted an application for exemptive relief from the SEC, that if granted, will permit the Fund to issue multiple classes of Shares and to impose asset-based distribution/service fees ("Distribution and Servicing Fee(s)"). There is no assurance, however, that the relief will be granted. Class A Shares would be subject to an ongoing Distribution and Servicing Fee to compensate financial industry professionals for distribution-related expenses, if applicable, and providing ongoing services in respect of clients who own Shares, as further discussed below. Class I Shares and Class R Shares are not subject to Distribution and Servicing Fees. The Fund has adopted a distribution and servicing plan (the “Distribution and Servicing Plan”) and pays the Distribution and Servicing Fee under such plan. The Distribution and Servicing Plan operates in a manner consistent with Rule 12b-1 under the 1940 Act, which regulates the manner in which an open-end investment company may directly or indirectly bear the expenses of distributing its shares. The maximum annual rates at which the Distribution and Servicing Fees may be paid under the Distribution and Servicing Plan (calculated as a percentage of the Fund’s average daily net assets attributable to the Class A Shares) is 0.50%. 0.25% of such fee is a Shareholder service fee and the remaining portion is a distribution fee paid pursuant to Rule 12b-1.
PURCHASES OF SHARES
The Fund has currently registered three classes of Shares: Class A Shares, Class I Shares and Class R Shares. The Fund may in the future register and include other classes of Shares in the offering.
The Shares are offered on a daily basis. Shares are being offered through the Distributor at an offering price equal to the then-current NAV of the applicable class.
Generally, the stated minimum initial investment by an investor in the Fund is $2,500 for Class A Shares, $2,500 for Class I Shares, and $50 Million for Class R Shares. Subsequent investments therein may be made in any amount. The Fund reserves the right to waive the investment minimum. Please see “Purchasing Shares” for purchase instructions and additional information.
See also “Distributions—Dividend Reinvestment Policy.”
ERISA PLANS AND OTHER TAX-EXEMPT ENTITIES
Investors subject to the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended (“ERISA”), and other tax-exempt entities, including employee benefit plans, individual retirement accounts (“IRAs”), 401(k) plans, and Keogh plans, may purchase Shares. Because the Fund is registered as an investment company under the 1940 Act, the underlying assets of the Fund will not be considered to be “plan assets” of the ERISA plans investing in the Fund for purposes of ERISA’s fiduciary responsibility and prohibited transaction rules. Thus, neither the Fund nor the Adviser will be a fiduciary within the meaning of ERISA with respect to the assets of any ERISA plan that becomes a Shareholder, solely as a result of the ERISA plan’s investment in the Fund.
SUMMARY OF TAXATION
The Fund has elected to be treated for U.S. federal income tax purposes, and has qualified and intends to continue to qualify annually, as a regulated investment company (“RIC”) under Subchapter M of the Code. As a RIC, the Fund generally will not be subject to corporate-level U.S. federal income taxes on any net ordinary income or capital gains that is currently distributed as dividends for U.S. federal income tax purposes to Shareholders, as applicable. To maintain its qualification as a RIC for U.S. federal income tax purposes, the Fund is required to meet certain specified source-of-income and asset diversification requirements, and is required to distribute dividends for U.S. federal income tax purposes of an amount at least equal to 90% of the sum of its net ordinary income and realized net short-term capital gains in excess of realized net long-term capital losses each tax year to Shareholders, as applicable. See “Distribution Policy” and “U.S. Federal Income Tax.”
SUMMARY OF RISKS
The principal risks of investing in the Fund are summarized below. There may be circumstances that could prevent the Fund from achieving its investment objective and an investor may lose money by investing in the Fund. Investors should carefully consider the Fund’s investment risks before deciding whether to invest in the Fund. An investment in the Fund is not a deposit at a bank and is not insured or guaranteed by the FDIC or any other government agency.
For a more complete discussion of the risks of investing in the Fund, see “Risk Factors." Investors should consider carefully the following principal risks before investing in the Fund. Below are the main risks of investing in the Fund. All of the risks listed below are significant to the Fund, regardless of the order in which they appear.
Adjustable Rate Mortgage Loans Risk As with fixed rate mortgages, there can be no certainty as to the rate of prepayments on the ARMs in either stable or changing interest rate environments. In addition, there can be no certainty as to whether increases in the principal balances of the ARMs due to the addition of deferred interest may result in a default rate higher than that on ARMs that do not provide for negative amortization. Other factors affecting prepayment of ARMs include changes in mortgagors’ housing needs, job transfers, unemployment, mortgagors’ net equity in the mortgage properties, and servicing decisions.
Asset-Backed, Mortgage-Related and Mortgage-Backed Securities Risk. The Fund may invest in asset-backed, mortgage-related, and mortgage-backed securities, including so-called “sub-prime” mortgages that are subject to certain other risks including prepayment and call risks. When mortgages and other obligations are prepaid and when securities are called, the Fund may have to reinvest in securities with a lower yield or fail to recover additional amounts (i.e., premiums) paid for securities with higher interest rates, resulting in an unexpected capital loss and/or a decrease in the amount of dividends and yield. In periods of rising interest rates, the Fund may be subject to extension risk, and may receive principal later than expected. As a result, in periods of rising interest rates, the Fund may exhibit additional volatility. During periods of difficult or frozen credit markets, significant changes in interest rates, or deteriorating economic conditions, such securities may decline in value, face valuation difficulties, become more volatile and/or become illiquid.
CMOs and SMBSs, including those structured as interest only (“IOs”) and principal only (“POs”), are more volatile and may be more sensitive to the rate of prepayments than other mortgage-related securities. CMOs are issued in multiple classes, and each class may have its own interest rate and/or final payment date. A class with an earlier final payment date may have certain preferences in receiving principal payments or earning interest. As a result, the value of some classes in which the Fund invests may be more volatile and may be subject to higher risk of non-payment. The risk of default, as described under “Credit Risk”, for “sub-prime” mortgages is generally higher than other types of MBS. The structure of some of these securities may be complex and there may be less available information than other types of debt securities.
The values of IO and PO MBS are more volatile than other types of mortgage-related securities. They are very sensitive not only to changes in interest rates, but also to the rate of prepayments. A rapid or unexpected increase in prepayments can significantly depress the price of interest-only securities, while a rapid or unexpected decrease could have the same effect on principal-only securities. In addition, because there may be a drop in trading volume, an inability to find a ready buyer, or the imposition of legal restrictions on the resale of securities, these instruments may be illiquid. The Fund will be exposed to additional risk to the extent that it uses inverse floaters and inverse IOs, which are debt securities with interest rates that reset in the opposite direction from the market rate to which the security is indexed. These securities are more volatile and more sensitive to interest rate changes than other types of debt securities. In response to changes in market interest rates or other market conditions, the value of an inverse floater may increase or decrease at a multiple of the increase or decrease in the value of the underlying securities. If interest rates move in a manner not anticipated by the Adviser, the Fund could lose all or substantially all of its investment in inverse IOs.
Closed-End Structure Risk. The Fund is a closed-end investment company. It is designed for long-term investors and not as a trading vehicle. Unlike the shares of many closed-end investment companies, the Shares are not listed on any securities exchange and are not publicly traded. There is currently no secondary market for the Shares and the Fund expects that no secondary market will develop. Liquidity is provided to Shareholders only through the Fund's quarterly repurchase offers for no less than 5% of the Shares outstanding at NAV. There is no guarantee that Shareholders will be able to sell all of the Shares they desire in a quarterly repurchase offer.
Consumer Loans Risk. Investments in consumer loans expose the Fund to additional risks beyond those normally associated with more traditional debt instruments. The Fund’s ability to receive payments in connection with the loan depends primarily on the financial condition of the borrower and whether or not a loan is secured by collateral, although there is no assurance that the collateral securing a loan will be sufficient to satisfy the loan obligation. Loans are vulnerable
to market sentiment such that economic conditions or other events may reduce the demand for loans and cause their value to decline rapidly and unpredictably. No active trading market may exist for some of the loans and certain loans may be subject to restrictions on resale. The inability to dispose of loans in a timely fashion could result in losses to the Fund. In addition, bank loans often have contractual restrictions on resale, which can delay the sale and adversely impact the sale price. Transactions involving bank loans may have significantly longer settlement periods than more traditional investments (settlement can take longer than seven days) and often involve borrowers whose financial condition is troubled or highly leveraged, which increases the risk that the Fund may not receive its proceeds in a timely manner or that the Fund may incur losses in order to pay redemption proceeds to its Shareholders. In addition, loans are not registered under the federal securities laws like stocks and bonds, so investors in loans have less protection against improper practices than investors in registered securities. When the Fund acquires a loan participation, the Fund typically enters into a contractual relationship with the lender or third party selling such participations, but not the borrower. As a result, the Fund assumes the credit risk not only of the borrower, but also of the seller of the loan participation and any other parties interpositioned between the Fund and the borrower.
Credit Risk. There is a risk that issuers and counterparties will not make payments on securities and repurchase agreements held by the Fund. Such default could result in losses to the Fund. In addition, the credit quality of securities held by the Fund may be lowered if an issuer’s financial condition changes. Lower credit quality may lead to greater volatility in the price of a security and in Shares. Lower credit quality also may affect liquidity and make it difficult for the Fund to sell the security.
Current Market Environment Risk. Various sectors of the financial markets may experience an extended period of adverse conditions. Market uncertainty may increase dramatically, and these conditions may result in disruptions of the global credit markets, periods of reduced liquidity, greater general volatility, volatility of credit spreads, and a contraction of availability of credit and lack of price transparency. In particular, certain types of securitized vehicles may come under stress due to economic factors and trends, such as higher than expected interest rates, property vacancies and consumer stress. The Fund anticipates that a significant portion of its net assets may be illiquid and subject to these risks.
Distributions Risk. The Fund’s distributions may include a return of capital, thus reducing a Shareholder’s cost basis in their Shares and reducing the amount of capital available to the Fund for investment and likely increasing the Fund’s expense ratio. A Shareholder who receives a capital distribution may be subject to tax even though the Shareholder has experienced a net loss on their investment in the Fund. Any capital returned to Shareholders through distributions will be distributed after the payment of fees and expenses. Shareholders who periodically receive payment of a distribution consisting of a return of capital may be under the impression that they are receiving net income or profits when they are not. A return of capital to Shareholders is a return of a portion of their original investment in the Fund. Shareholders should not assume that the source of a distribution from the Fund is net income or profit.
Extension Risk. If interest rates rise, repayments of principal on certain debt securities, including, but not limited to, floating rate loans and mortgage-related securities, may occur at a slower rate than expected and the expected maturity of those securities could lengthen as a result. This may drive the prices of these securities down because their interest rates are lower than the current interest rate and they remain outstanding longer. In periods of rising rates, the Fund may exhibit additional volatility.
Government Securities Risk. The Fund may invest in securities issued or guaranteed by the U.S. government or its agencies and instrumentalities. These securities may be backed by the credit of the government as a whole or only by the issuing agency. U.S. Treasury bonds, notes, and bills and some agency securities, such as those issued by the Federal Housing Administration and Ginnie Mae, are backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. government as to payment of principal and interest and are the highest quality government securities. Other securities issued by U.S. government agencies or instrumentalities, such as securities issued by the Federal Home Loan Banks and Freddie Mac, are supported only by the credit of the agency that issued them, and not by the U.S. government. Securities issued by the Federal Farm Credit System, the Federal Land Banks, and Fannie Mae are supported by the agency’s right to borrow money from the U.S. Treasury under certain circumstances, but are not backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. government. No assurance can be given that the U.S. government would provide financial support to its agencies and instrumentalities if not required to do so by law.
High Yield and Distressed Securities Risk. The Fund will purchase fixed income securities rated below the investment grade category. Securities in this rating category are speculative. These investments may be issued by companies that are less creditworthy or financially distressed. Changes in economic conditions or other circumstances may have a greater
effect on the ability of issuers of these securities to make principal and interest payments than they do on issuers of higher grade securities.
Inflation Risk. Because inflation reduces the purchasing power of income produced by existing fixed income securities, the prices at which fixed income securities trade will be reduced to compensate for the fact that the income they produce is worth less. This potential decrease in market value would be the measure of the inflation risk incurred by the Fund.
Interest Rate Risk. The Fund invests in fixed income securities. These securities will increase or decrease in value based on changes in interest rates. If rates increase, the value of the Fund’s fixed income securities generally declines. On the other hand, if rates fall, the value of the fixed income securities generally increases. a Shareholder’s investment will decline in value if the value of the Fund’s investments decreases.
Investment Company and Exchange Traded Fund Risk The Fund may invest in shares of other investment companies and ETFs. Shareholders will indirectly bear fees and expenses charged by the underlying investment companies in which the Fund invests in addition to the Fund’s direct fees and expenses. The Fund also will incur brokerage costs when it purchases ETFs and closed-end funds. In addition, the Fund will be subject to the risks associated with the investment company or ETF's investments. The Fund does not intend to invest in affiliated investment companies.
Liquidity Risk. The Fund may not be able to purchase or sell a security in a timely manner or at desired prices or achieve its desired weighting in a security. Liquidity risk may result from the lack of an active market or a reduced number and capacity of traditional market participants to make a market in fixed income securities, and may be magnified during times of market stress. The Fund may not be able to meet the requests to redeem Shares without significant dilution of remaining investors' interest in the Fund.
Management Risk. The Adviser’s judgments about the attractiveness, value and potential appreciation of a particular asset class or individual security in which the Fund invests may prove to be incorrect and there is no guarantee that individual investments will perform as anticipated.
Market Risk. The value of the Fund's investments may decrease, sometimes rapidly or unexpectedly, due to factors affecting an issuer held by the Fund, particular industries or overall securities markets. When the value of the Fund’s investments goes down, a Shareholder’s investment in the Fund decreases in value. A variety of factors including interest rate levels, recessions, inflation, U.S. economic growth, war or acts of terrorism, natural disasters, political events, supply chain disruptions, staff shortages and widespread public health issues affect the securities markets. These events may cause volatility, severe market dislocations and liquidity constraints in many markets, including markets for the securities the Fund holds, and may adversely affect the Fund's investments and operations. In addition, governmental responses to these events may negatively impact the capabilities of the Fund's service providers, disrupt the Fund's operations, result in substantial market volatility and adversely impact the prices and liquidity of the Fund's investments.
Non-Diversification Risk. The Fund is classified as “non-diversified” under the 1940 Act. As a result, it can invest a greater portion of its assets in obligations of a single issuer than a “diversified” fund. The Fund may therefore be more susceptible than a diversified fund to being adversely affected by a single corporate, economic, political or regulatory occurrence.
Non-U.S. and Emerging Markets Risk. The Fund may invest in non-U.S. securities and U.S. securities of companies domiciled in non-U.S. countries that may experience more rapid and extreme changes in value than the Fund that invests exclusively in securities of U.S. companies. These companies may be subject to additional risks, including political and economic risks, civil conflicts and war, greater volatility, expropriation and nationalization risks, currency fluctuations, higher transaction costs, delayed settlement, possible non-U.S. controls on investments, and less stringent investor protection and disclosure standards of non-U.S. markets. These risks are magnified in emerging markets as events and evolving conditions in certain economies or markets may alter the risks associated with investments tied to countries or regions that historically were perceived as comparatively stable becoming riskier and more volatile. The market for the securities of issuers in emerging markets is typically small and low, and nonexistent trading volumes in those securities may result in a lack of liquidity and price volatility.
The Fund anticipates that, under normal circumstances, it will invest no more than 10% of its total assets in non-U.S. securities and U.S. securities of companies domiciled in non-U.S. countries.
Participation Notes and Participatory Notes Risk. P-notes, designed to replicate the performance of certain issuers and markets where direct investment is either impossible or difficult due to local restrictions, represent interest in securities listed on certain foreign exchanges, and thus present similar risks to investing directly in such securities. P-notes also expose investors to counterparty risk, which is risk that the entity issuing the note may not be able to honor its financial
commitments. The liquidity of a P-note reflects the liquidity in the underlying security. At times, it may be more illiquid than trading the underlying security as broker selection is restricted to the underwriter of the P-note.
Prepayment and Call Risk. The issuer of certain securities may repay principal in advance, especially when yields fall. Changes in the rate at which prepayments occur can affect the return on investment of these securities. When debt obligations are prepaid or when securities are called, the Fund may have to reinvest in securities with a lower yield. The Fund also may fail to recover additional amounts (i.e., premiums) paid for securities with higher coupons, resulting in an unexpected capital loss.
Real Estate Risk. Real estate-related investments may decline in value as a result of factors affecting the real estate industry, such as the supply of real property in certain markets, changes in zoning laws, delays in completion of construction, changes in real estate values, changes in property taxes, levels of occupancy, and local and regional market conditions.
Repurchase Offer Risks. Although the Fund intends to implement a quarterly Share repurchase program, there is no guarantee that an investor will be able to sell all of the Shares he or she desires to sell. Accordingly, the Fund should be considered an illiquid investment.
Sector Emphasis Risk. The Fund from time to time, may invest 25% or more of its assets in one or more sectors, subjecting the Fund to sector emphasis risk. This is the risk that the fund is subject to a greater risk of loss as a result of adverse economic, business or other developments affecting a specific sector in which a fund has a focused position, than if its investments were diversified across a greater number of industry sectors. Some sectors possess particular risks that may not affect other sectors.
Sovereign Debt Risk. Sovereign debt is issued or guaranteed by non-U.S. government entities. Investments in sovereign debt are subject to the risk that a government entity may delay payment, restructure its debt, or refuse to pay interest or repay principal on its sovereign debt due to cash flow problems, insufficient foreign currency reserves, political considerations, social changes, the relative size of its debt position to its economy, or its failure to put in place economic reforms required by the International Monetary Fund or other multilateral agencies. If a government entity defaults, it may ask for more time in which to pay or for further loans. There is no legal process for collecting amounts owed on sovereign debt, such as bankruptcy proceedings, that a government does not pay.
Unrated Securities Risk. The Fund may purchase unrated securities which are not rated by a rating agency. Unrated securities may be less liquid than comparable rated securities and involve the risk that the Adviser may not accurately evaluate the security’s comparative credit rating.
Accordingly, the Fund should be considered a speculative investment that entails substantial risks, and prospective investors should invest in the Fund only if they can sustain a complete loss of their investment.
Variable and Floating Rate Securities Risk. Securities with floating or variable interest rates are generally less sensitive to interest rate changes than securities with fixed interest rates, but may decline in value if their interest rates do not rise as much, or as quickly, as comparable market interest rates. Conversely, floating or variable rate securities will not generally increase in value if interest rates decline. The impact of interest rate changes on floating or variable rate securities is typically mitigated by the periodic interest rate reset of the investments. Floating or variable rate securities are often subject to restrictions on resale, which can result in reduced liquidity.
Zero-Coupon, Pay-in-Kind and Deferred Payment Securities Risk. The market value of these securities are generally more volatile than the market value of, and is more likely to respond to a greater degree to changes in interest rates than, other fixed income securities with similar maturities and credit quality that pay interest periodically. Actions required by federal income tax law may reduce the assets to which the Fund’s expenses could otherwise be allocated and may reduce the Fund’s rate of return.
The Fund accrues income with respect to zero-coupon and PIK securities prior to the receipt of cash payments. Deferred payment securities are securities that remain zero-coupon securities until a predetermined date, at which time the stated coupon rate becomes effective and interest becomes payable at regular intervals. These interest payments are subject to the risk that the borrower may default when the deferred payments are due. While interest payments are not made on such securities, holders of such securities are deemed to have received “phantom income.” Because the Fund will distribute “phantom income” to shareholders, to the extent that shareholders elect to receive dividends in cash rather than reinvesting such dividends in additional shares, the Fund will have fewer assets with which to purchase income-producing securities. Zero-coupon, PIK and deferred payment securities may be subject to greater fluctuation in value and lesser liquidity in the event of adverse market conditions or changes in interest rates than comparably rated securities paying cash interest at
regular interest payment periods. In addition, such instruments may have unreliable valuations because their accruals require judgments about ultimate collectability of deferred payments and the value of the associated collateral. To the extent such securities result in higher valuations than other securities, they may provide certain benefits to the Adviser, including increasing the Management Fee.
SUMMARY OF FEES AND EXPENSES2
| | |
SHAREHOLDER FEES (fees paid directly from a Shareholder’s investment) |
|
None |
| | | | | | | | | | | |
ANNUAL FUND OPERATING EXPENSES (expenses that a Shareholder pays each year as a percentage of the value of their investment) |
| Class A | Class I | Class R |
Management Fee | 1.25% | 1.25% | 1.25% |
Distribution and Servicing Fee | 0.50% | None | None |
Other expenses1 | 0.50% | 0.50% | 0.10% |
Total annual fund operating expenses | 2.25% | 1.75% | 1.35% |
1Other Expenses are based on estimated amounts for the current fiscal year. Other expenses include an administration fee, custody fees, and other extraordinary expenses.
2This table describes the fees and expenses that a Shareholder pays if they buy and hold Shares. Shareholders may pay other fees, such as brokerage commissions and other fees to financial intermediaries, which are not reflected in the table above or the example below.
The following example demonstrates the projected dollar amount of total expenses that would be incurred over various periods with respect to a hypothetical investment in the Fund. In calculating the following expense amounts, the Fund has assumed its direct and indirect annual operating expenses would remain at the percentage levels set forth in the table above.
An investor would pay the following expenses on a $1,000 investment, assuming a 5.0% annual return.
| | | | | | | | |
| 1 Year | 3 Years |
Class A Shares | $228 | | $703 | |
Class I Shares | 178 | | 551 | |
Class R Shares | 137 | | 428 | |
The example and the expenses in the tables above should not be considered a representation of the Fund’s future expenses, and actual expenses may be greater or less than those shown. While the example assumes a 5.0% annual return, as required by the SEC, the Fund’s performance will vary and may result in a return greater or less than 5.0%. For a more complete description of the various fees and expenses borne directly and indirectly by the Fund, see “Fund Expenses” and “Management Fee.”
FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS
The Financial Highlights tables are intended to help investors understand the Fund’s financial performance for the period since the Fund commenced operations. Certain information reflects financial results for a single Share. The total returns in the table represent the rate that an investor would have earned or lost on an investment in the Fund (without considering the effects of sales loads and assuming reinvestment of all dividends and distributions). No Financial Highlights are currently presented, as the Fund has not yet commenced operations.
THE FUND
The Fund is a non-diversified, closed-end management company that is registered under the 1940 Act. The Fund is structured as an “interval fund” and continuously offers Shares. The Fund was organized as a Delaware statutory trust on May 2, 2024 and has limited operating history. The principal office of the Fund is located at 325 John H. McConnell Blvd., Suite 200, Columbus, Ohio 43215, and its telephone number is 888-226-5595.
USE OF PROCEEDS
The Fund invests the net proceeds of the continuous offering of Shares on an ongoing basis in accordance with its investment objective and policies as stated below. The Adviser presently anticipates that the Fund will be able to fully invest the net proceeds according to its investment objectives and policies within approximately one month after receipt of the proceeds, depending on the amount and timing of proceeds available to the Fund as well as the availability of securities
consistent with the Fund’s investment objective and strategies. A delay in the anticipated use of proceeds could lower returns and reduce the Fund’s distribution to Shareholders. Pending investment of the net proceeds, the Fund will invest the offering proceeds in high-quality, short-term debt securities, cash and/or cash equivalents. The Fund may be prevented from achieving its investment objective during any time in which the Fund’s assets are not substantially invested in accordance with its policies.
INVESTMENT OBJECTIVE AND POLICIES
Investment Objective
The Fund seeks to maximize total return. The Fund's investment objective is not fundamental and may be changed without Shareholder approval. The Fund will provide 60 days' advance notice of any change in its investment objective.
Investment Policies and Strategies
Under normal market conditions, the Fund invests at least 80% of its net assets (plus borrowings for investment purposes) in securitized bond investments. Securitized bond investments are also referred to as “structured product securities” or “structured products.” Securitized bond investments include interests in pools of secured loans backed by commercial real estate, residential real estate, commercial or consumer loans, and securitizations such as agency and non-agency MBS (including CMBS, RMBS, and CMOs), ABS, and other similar securities and related instruments. Shareholders will be given 60 days prior notice of any change in the Fund’s policy to invest at least 80% of net assets in securitized bond investments.
Agency MBS are issued or guaranteed by the U.S. government, its agencies or instrumentalities, which include mortgage pass-through securities representing interests in pools of mortgage loans issued or guaranteed by Ginnie Mae, Fannie Mae, Sallie Mae or Freddie Mac. The Fund may also invest in other fixed income instruments, which include bonds, debt or credit securities and other similar instruments issued by various U.S. and non-U.S. public or private sector entities at the discretion of the Adviser.
The Adviser buys and sells securities based on a a risk/reward analysis that includes an evaluation of credit risk, interest rate risk, prepayment risk, and the legal and technical structure of the security. The Adviser will attempt to take advantage of inefficiencies that it believes exist in the fixed income markets. The Adviser seeks to invest in securities that the Adviser expects to offer attractive prospects for income and/or capital appreciation in relation to the risk borne.
The Fund’s investments may be issued by U.S. and non-U.S. issuers. There is no limit on the percentage of the Fund’s assets that may be invested in the securities or loans of non-U.S. issuers or obligors, including, without limitation, securities of emerging markets issuers or obligors. However, the Fund anticipates that, under normal circumstances, it will invest no more than 10% of its total assets in non-U.S. securities and U.S. securities of entities domiciled in non-U.S. countries. Fund investments may include private placement debt securities. The Fund may be the sole buyer of such securities designed for purchase by the Fund. There is no limit as to the percentage of the Fund’s portfolio that may be invested in such securities and the securities purchased by the Fund may be, by definition, illiquid investments for which there is currently no secondary market.
The Fund’s investments may be of any credit quality, including, without limitation, investments that are rated below investment grade (commonly referred to as “high yield” or “junk” instruments) or unrated but determined by the Adviser to be of comparable quality, or that are distressed (i.e., where a borrower is demonstrating adverse financial conditions and/or negative repayment trends but has not yet defaulted) or in default.
The Fund’s portfolio will be deemed to be non-diversified under the 1940 Act, meaning it may invest a greater percentage of its assets in a single or limited number of issuers than a diversified fund.
The Fund may invest in all Cash Positions and at any time to maintain liquidity, pending selection of investments by the Adviser or if the Adviser believes that sufficient investment opportunities that meet the Fund’s investment criteria are not available.
Portfolio Composition
The Fund’s portfolio will consist primarily of:
Asset-Backed Securities. Asset-backed securities consist of securities secured by company receivables, home equity loans, truck and auto loans, leases, or credit card receivables. Asset-backed securities also include other securities backed by other types of receivables or other assets, including CDOs, which include CBOs, CLOs and other similarly structured securities. Such assets are generally securitized through the use of trusts or special purpose corporations. ABS are backed
by a pool of assets representing the obligations often of a number of different parties. Certain of these securities may be illiquid.
High Yield/High Risk/Distressed Securities/Junk Bonds. High yield, high risk bonds are securities that are generally rated below investment grade by the primary rating agencies (BB+ or lower by S&P and Bal or lower by Moody’s) or unrated but determined by the Adviser to be of comparable quality. Other terms used to describe such securities include “lower rated bonds,” “non-investment grade bonds,” “below investment grade bonds,” and “junk bonds.” These securities are considered to be high-risk investments.
Inverse Floaters and Interest Rate Caps. Inverse floaters are instruments whose interest rates bear an inverse relationship to the interest rate on another security or the value of an index. The market value of an inverse floater will vary inversely with changes in market interest rates and will be more volatile in response to interest rate changes than that of a fixed rate obligation. Interest rate caps are financial instruments under which payments occur if an interest rate index exceeds a certain predetermined interest rate level, known as the cap rate, which is tied to a specific index. These financial products will be more volatile in price than securities which do not include such a structure.
Investment Company Securities. The Fund may invest in securities issued by other investment companies, including ETFs, open-end funds and closed-end funds. The Fund does not intend to invest in affiliated investment companies.
Mortgage-Related Securities
Mortgages (Directly Held). Mortgages are debt instruments secured by real property. Unlike MBS, which generally represent an interest in a pool of mortgages, direct investments in mortgages involve prepayment and credit risks of an individual issuer and real property.
Mortgage-Backed Securities (CMOs and REMICs). MBS include CMOs and REMICs. A REMIC is a CMO that qualifies for special tax treatment under the Code and invests in certain mortgages principally secured by interests in real property and other permitted investments.
MBS represent pools of mortgage loans assembled for sale to investors by:
•various governmental agencies such as Ginnie Mae;
•organizations such as Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac; and
•non-governmental issuers such as commercial banks, savings and loan institutions, mortgage bankers, and private mortgage insurance companies (non-governmental mortgage securities cannot be treated as U.S. government securities for purposes of investment policies).
There are a number of important differences among the agencies and instrumentalities of the U.S. government that issue mortgage-related securities and among the securities that they issue.
CMOs and REMIC Certificates”issued by Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac, Ginnie Mae, and private issuers are types of multiple class pass-through securities. Investors may purchase beneficial interests in REMICs, which are known as “regular” interests or “residual” interests. The Fund does not currently intend to purchase residual interests in REMICs. The REMIC Certificates represent beneficial ownership interests in a REMIC Trust, generally consisting of mortgage loans or Mortgage Assets. The obligations of Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac or Ginnie Mae under their respective guaranty of the REMIC Certificates are obligations solely of Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac or Ginnie Mae, respectively.
REMIC Certificates issued by Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac and Ginnie Mae are treated as U.S. Government securities for purposes of investment policies.
Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses set forth in the fee table and Financial Highlights section of the Fund’s Prospectus do not include any expenses associated with investments in certain structured or synthetic products that may rely on the exception for the definition of “investment company” provided by section 3(c)(1) or 3(c)(7) of the 1940 Act.
Stripped Mortgage-Backed Securities. SMBS are derivative multi- class mortgage securities issued outside the REMIC or CMO structure. SMBS are usually structured with two classes that receive different proportions of the interest and principal distributions from a pool of mortgage assets. A common type of SMBS will have one class receiving all of the interest from the mortgage assets, while the other class will receive all of the principal. Mortgage IOs receive monthly interest payments based upon a notional amount that declines over time as a result of the normal monthly amortization and unscheduled prepayments of principal on the associated mortgage POs.
Adjustable Rate Mortgage Loans. ARMs eligible for inclusion in a mortgage pool will generally provide for a fixed initial mortgage interest rate for a specified period of time. Thereafter, the Mortgage Interest Rates may be subject to periodic adjustment based on changes in the applicable Index Rate. The adjusted rate would be equal to the Index Rate plus a gross margin, which is a fixed percentage spread over the Index Rate established for each ARM at the time of its origination.
There are two main categories of indices which provide the basis for rate adjustments on ARMs: those based on U.S. Treasury securities and those derived from a calculated measure such as a cost of funds index or a moving average of mortgage rates.
Non-U.S. Investments. The Fund may invest in certain obligations or securities of non-U.S. issuers and will be subject to risks not typically associated with U.S. securities. Non-U.S. investments, especially those of companies in emerging markets, can be riskier and more volatile than investments in the U.S. Adverse political and economic developments of changes in the value of non-U.S. currency can make it more difficult for the Fund to sell its securities and could reduce the value of Shares. Differences in tax and accounting standards and difficulties in obtaining information about non-U.S. companies can negatively affect investment decisions.
Private Placements, Restricted Securities and Other Unregistered Securities. The Fund may acquire investments that are illiquid or have limited liquidity, such as commercial obligations issued in reliance on the so-called “private placement” exemption from registration afforded by Section 4(a)(2) under the 1933 Act, and cannot be offered for public sale in the U.S. without first being registered under the 1933 Act. An illiquid investment is any investment that cannot be disposed of within seven days in the normal course of business at approximately the amount at which it is valued by the Fund. The price the Fund pays for illiquid securities or receives upon resale may be lower than the price paid or received for similar securities with a more liquid market. Accordingly the valuation of these securities will reflect any limitations on their liquidity.
Short-Term Funding Agreements. To enhance yield, the Fund may make limited investments in short-term funding agreements issued by banks and highly rated U.S. insurance companies. Short-term funding agreements issued by insurance companies are sometimes referred to as Guaranteed Investment Contracts (“GICs”), while those issued by banks are referred to as Bank Investment Contracts (“BICs”). Pursuant to such agreements, the Fund makes cash contributions to a deposit account at a bank or insurance company. The bank or insurance company then credits to the Fund on a monthly basis guaranteed interest at either a fixed, variable or floating rate. These contracts are general obligations of the issuing bank or insurance company (although they may be the obligations of an insurance company separate account) and are paid from the general assets of the issuing entity.
The Fund will purchase short-term funding agreements only from banks and insurance companies which, at the time of purchase, are rated in one of the three highest rating categories by the primary rating agencies (BBB- or higher by S&P and Baa3 or higher by Moody’s) or unrated but determined by the Adviser to be of comparable quality and have assets of $1 billion or more. Generally, there is no active secondary market in short-term funding agreements. Therefore, short-term funding agreements may be considered by the Fund to be illiquid investments.
Structured Instruments. A structured investment is a security having a return tied to an underlying index or other security or asset class. Structured investments generally are individually negotiated agreements and may be traded over-the-counter. Structured investments are organized and operated to restructure the investment characteristics of the underlying security.
Structured instruments that are registered under the federal securities laws may be treated as liquid. In addition, many structured instruments may not be registered under the federal securities laws. In that event, the Fund’s ability to resell such a structured instrument may be more limited than its ability to resell other Fund securities.
Credit Linked Notes. Credit linked securities or credit linked notes are typically issued by a CLN trust that, in turn, invests in a derivative or basket of derivatives instruments, such as credit default swaps, interest rate swaps and/or other securities, in order to provide exposure to certain high yield, sovereign debt, emerging markets, or other fixed income markets. Generally, investments in CLNs represent the right to receive periodic income payments (in the form of distributions) and payment of principal at the end of the term of the CLN. However, these payments are conditioned on the CLN trust’s receipt of payments from, and the CLN trust’s potential obligations, to the counterparties to the derivative instruments and other securities in which the CLN trust invests.
The Fund may enter into CLNs structured as “First-to-Default” CLNs. In a First-to-Default CLN, the CLN trust enters into a credit default swap on a portfolio of a specified number of individual securities pursuant to which the CLN trust sells protection to a counterparty.
The Fund may also enter in CLNs to gain access to sovereign debt and securities in emerging market particularly in markets where the Fund is not able to purchase securities directly due to domicile restrictions or tax restrictions or tariffs.
Participation Notes and Participatory Notes. The Fund may invest in instruments that have similar economic characteristics to equity securities, such as P-notes, or other structured instruments that may be developed from time to time (“structured instruments”). Structured instruments are notes that are issued by banks, broker-dealers or their affiliates and are designed to offer a return linked to a particular underlying equity or market.
Direct U.S. Government Obligations. U.S. government obligations may include direct obligations of the U.S. Treasury, including Treasury bills, notes and bonds, all of which are backed as to principal and interest payments by the full faith and credit of the U.S., and separately traded principal and interest component parts of such obligations that are transferable through the Federal book-entry system known as STRIPS and CUBES.
Variable and Floating Rate Instruments. The Fund may acquire variable and floating rate instruments. A variable rate instrument is one whose terms provide for the adjustment of its interest rate on set dates and which, upon such adjustment, can reasonably be expected to have a market value that approximates its par value.
Certain obligations purchased by the Fund may carry variable or floating rates of interest, may involve a conditional or unconditional demand feature and may include variable amount master demand notes.
When-Issued Securities and Forward Commitments. Securities may be purchased on a when-issued or forward commitment basis. For example, delivery of and payment for these securities can take place a month or more after the date of the purchase commitment. The purchase price and the interest rate payable, if any, on the securities are fixed on the purchase commitment date or at the time the settlement date is fixed. The value of such securities is subject to market fluctuation, and for money market instruments and other fixed income securities, no interest accrues to the Fund until settlement takes place. To the extent the Fund engages in forward commitment transactions or when-issued transactions, it will do so for the purpose of acquiring securities consistent with its investment objective and policies and not for the purpose of investment leverage.
Zero-Coupon, Delayed Interest and Capital Appreciation Securities. Zero-coupon, delayed interest, PIK and capital appreciation securities are securities that make no periodic interest payments, but are sold at a discount from their face value. The buyer recognizes a rate of return determined by the gradual appreciation of the security, which is redeemed at face value on a specified maturity date. The discount varies depending on the time remaining until maturity, as well as market interest rates, liquidity of the security, and the issuer’s perceived credit quality. PIK securities may be debt obligations or preferred shares that provide the issuer with the option of paying interest or dividends on such obligations in cash or in the form of additional securities rather than cash. The interest rates on these securities are higher to reflect the time-value of money on deferred interest payments and the higher credit risk of borrowers who may need to defer interest payments.
The Investment Process
The Adviser employs a bottom-up, research-based approach in seeking to identify investment opportunities. In buying and selling securities for the Fund, the Adviser performs a risk/reward analysis that includes an evaluation of credit risk, interest rate risk, prepayment risk, and the legal and technical structure of the security. The Adviser will attempt to take advantage of inefficiencies that it believes exist in the fixed income markets, such as the diversity of participants working with different objectives and the repeated temporary supply-demand imbalances. The Adviser seeks to invest in securities that the Adviser expects to offer attractive prospects for income and/or capital appreciation in relation to the risk borne.
Once a security is selected, the Adviser continues to monitor the company’s strategies, financial performance and competitive environment. The Adviser may sell a security if it identifies a security that it believes offers a better investment opportunity.
RISK FACTORS
The risks below include risks associated with investment in the Fund specifically, as well as risks generally associated with investment in the Fund with investment objectives, policies, capital structure or trading markets similar to the Fund's. There may be circumstances that could prevent the Fund from achieving its investment objective and an investor may lose money by investing in the Fund. Investors should carefully consider the Fund’s investment risks before deciding whether to invest in the Fund. An investment in the Fund is not a deposit at a bank and is not insured or guaranteed by the FDIC or any other government agency. All of the risks listed below are significant to the Fund, regardless of the order in which they appear.
Adjustable Rate Mortgage Loans Risk. ARMs may be subject to a greater rate of principal prepayments in a declining interest rate environment. For example, if prevailing interest rates fall significantly, ARMs could be subject to higher prepayment rates than if prevailing interest rates remain constant because the availability of fixed rate mortgage loans at competitive interest rates may encourage mortgagors to refinance their ARMs to “lock-in” a lower fixed interest rate. Conversely, if prevailing interest rates rise significantly, ARMs may prepay at lower rates than if prevailing rates remain at or below those in effect at the time such ARMs were originated. As with fixed rate mortgages, there can be no certainty as to the rate of prepayments on the ARMs in either stable or changing interest rate environments. In addition, there can be no certainty as to whether increases in the principal balances of the ARMs due to the addition of deferred interest may result in a default rate higher than that on ARMs that do not provide for negative amortization.
Other factors affecting prepayment of ARMs include changes in mortgagors’ housing needs, job transfers, unemployment, mortgagors’ net equity in the mortgage properties and servicing decisions.
Asset-Backed, Mortgage-Related and Mortgage-Backed Securities Risk. The Fund may invest in asset-backed, mortgage-related and mortgage-backed securities, including so-called “sub-prime” mortgages that are subject to certain other risks including prepayment and call risks. When mortgages and other obligations are prepaid and when securities are called, the Fund may have to reinvest in securities with a lower yield or fail to recover additional amounts (i.e., premiums) paid for securities with higher interest rates, resulting in an unexpected capital loss and/or a decrease in the amount of dividends and yield. In periods of rising interest rates, the Fund may be subject to extension risk, and may receive principal later than expected. As a result, in periods of rising interest rates, the Fund may exhibit additional volatility. During periods of difficult or frozen credit markets, significant changes in interest rates, or deteriorating economic conditions, such securities may decline in value, face valuation difficulties, become more volatile and/or become illiquid.
CMOs and SMBSs, including those structured as IOs and POs, are more volatile and may be more sensitive to the rate of prepayments than other MBS. CMOs are issued in multiple classes, and each class may have its own interest rate and/or final payment date. A class with an earlier final payment date may have certain preferences in receiving principal payments or earning interest. As a result, the value of some classes in which the Fund invests may be more volatile and may be subject to higher risk of non-payment. The risk of default, as described under “Credit Risk”, for “sub-prime” mortgages is generally higher than other types of MBS. The structure of some of these securities may be complex and there may be less available information than other types of debt securities.
The values of IO and PO MBS are more volatile than other types of MBS. They are very sensitive not only to changes in interest rates, but also to the rate of prepayments. A rapid or unexpected increase in prepayments can significantly depress the price of IOs, while a rapid or unexpected decrease could have the same effect on POs. In addition, because there may be a drop in trading volume, an inability to find a ready buyer, or the imposition of legal restrictions on the resale of securities, these instruments may be illiquid. The Fund will be exposed to additional risk to the extent that it uses inverse floaters and inverse IOs, which are debt securities with interest rates that reset in the opposite direction from the market rate to which the security is indexed. These securities are more volatile and more sensitive to interest rate changes than other types of debt securities. In response to changes in market interest rates or other market conditions, the value of an inverse floater may increase or decrease at a multiple of the increase or decrease in the value of the underlying securities. If interest rates move in a manner not anticipated by the Adviser, the Fund could lose all or substantially all of its investment in inverse IOs.
Closed End Structure Risk. The Fund is a closed-end investment company. It is designed for long-term investors and not as a trading vehicle. Unlike many closed-end investment companies, the Shares are not listed on any securities exchange and are not publicly traded. There is currently no secondary market for the shares and the Fund expects that no secondary market will develop. Liquidity is provided to Shareholders only through the Fund's quarterly repurchase offers for no less than 5% of the Shares outstanding at NAV. There is no guarantee that Shareholders will be able to sell all of the Shares they desire in a quarterly repurchase offer.
Consumer Loans Risk. Investments in consumer loans expose the Fund to additional risks beyond those normally associated with more traditional debt instruments. The Fund’s ability to receive payments in connection with the loan depends primarily on the financial condition of the borrower and whether or not a loan is secured by collateral, although there is no assurance that the collateral securing a loan will be sufficient to satisfy the loan obligation and the Fund could experience delays or limitations in realizing on such collateral or have its interest subordinated to other indebtedness of the borrower. Loans are vulnerable to market sentiment such that economic conditions or other events may reduce the demand for loans and cause their value to decline rapidly and unpredictably. No active trading market may exist for some of the loans and certain loans may be subject to restrictions on resale. The inability to dispose of loans in a timely fashion could result in
losses to the Fund. In addition, bank loans often have contractual restrictions on resale, which can delay the sale and adversely impact the sale price. Transactions involving bank loans may have significantly longer settlement periods than more traditional investments (settlement can take longer than seven days) and often involve borrowers whose financial condition is troubled or highly leveraged, which increases the risk that the Fund may not receive its proceeds in a timely manner or that the Fund may incur losses in order to pay redemption proceeds to its Shareholders. In addition, loans are not registered under the federal securities laws like stocks and bonds, so investors in loans have less protection against improper practices than investors in registered securities. Consequently, there may be less public information available about the Fund’s investments and the market for certain loans may be subject to irregular trading activity, wide bid/ask spreads, and extended trade settlement periods. As a result, the Fund may be more dependent upon the analytical ability of the Adviser.
When the Fund acquires a loan participation, the Fund typically enters into a contractual relationship with the lender or third party selling such participations, but not the borrower. As a result, the Fund assumes the credit risk not only of the borrower, but also of the seller of the loan participation and any other parties interpositioned between the Fund and the borrower.
Under a loan participation, the Fund may have no direct rights to enforce the terms of the loan against the borrower. The Fund may not benefit directly from the collateral supporting the loan in which it has purchased the loan participations or assignments. Loans are subject to prepayment risks. Gains and losses associated with prepayments will increase or decrease the Fund’s yield and the income available for distribution by the Fund. When loans are prepaid, the Fund may have to reinvest in securities with a lower yield or fail to recover additional amounts (i.e., premiums) paid for loans, resulting in an unexpected capital loss and/ or a decrease in the amount of dividends and yield.
Credit Risk. There is a risk that issuers and counterparties will not make payments on securities and repurchase agreements held by the Fund. Such default could result in losses to the Fund. In addition, the credit quality of securities held by the Fund may be lowered if an issuer’s financial condition changes. Lower credit quality may lead to greater volatility in the price of a security and in Shares. Lower credit quality also may affect liquidity and make it difficult for the Fund to sell the security.
Current Market Environment Risk. Various sectors of the financial markets may experience an extended period of adverse conditions. Market uncertainty may increase dramatically, and these conditions may result in disruptions of the global credit markets, periods of reduced liquidity, greater general volatility, volatility of credit spreads, and a contraction of availability of credit and lack of price transparency. In particular, certain types of securitized vehicles may come under stress due to economic factors and trends, such as higher than expected interest rates, property vacancies and consumer stress. The Fund anticipates that a significant portion of its net assets may be illiquid and subject to these risks.
Distributions Risk. The Fund’s distributions may include a return of capital, thus, reducing a Shareholder’s cost basis in their Shares and reducing the amount of capital available to the Fund for investment and likely increasing the Fund’s expense ratio. A Shareholder who receives a capital distribution may be subject to tax even though the Shareholder has experienced a net loss on their investment in the Fund. Any capital returned to Shareholders through distributions will be distributed after the payment of fees and expenses. Shareholders who periodically receive payment of a distribution consisting of a return of capital may be under the impression that they are receiving net income or profits when they are not. A return of capital to Shareholders is a return of a portion of their original investment in the Fund. Shareholders should not assume that the source of a distribution from the Fund is net income or profit.
Extension Risk. If interest rates rise, repayments of principal on certain debt securities, including, but not limited to, floating rate loans and mortgage-related securities, may occur at a slower rate than expected and the expected maturity of those securities could lengthen as a result. This may drive the prices of these securities down because their interest rates are lower than the current interest rate and they remain outstanding longer. In periods of rising rates, the Fund may exhibit additional volatility.
Government Securities Risk. The Fund may invest in securities issued or guaranteed by the U.S. government or its agencies and instrumentalities. These securities may be backed by the credit of the government as a whole or only by the issuing agency. U.S. Treasury bonds, notes, and bills and some agency securities, such as those issued by the Federal Housing Administration and Ginnie Mae, are backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. government as to payment of principal and interest and are the highest quality government securities. Other securities issued by U.S. government agencies or instrumentalities, such as securities issued by the Federal Home Loan Banks and Freddie Mac, are supported only by the credit of the agency that issued them, and not by the U.S. government. Securities issued by the Federal Farm Credit System, the Federal Land Banks, and Fannie Mae are supported by the agency’s right to borrow money from the U.S.
Treasury under certain circumstances, but are not backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. government. No assurance can be given that the U.S. government would provide financial support to its agencies and instrumentalities if not required to do so by law.
High Yield and Distressed Securities Risk. The Fund will purchase fixed income securities rated below the investment grade category. Securities in this rating category are speculative. Changes in economic conditions or other circumstances may have a greater effect on the ability of issuers of these securities to make principal and interest payments than they do on issuers of higher grade securities. Issuers of these securities may be distressed and undergoing restructuring, bankruptcy, or other proceedings in an attempt to avoid insolvency. Investing in these securities involves special risks in addition to the risks associated with investments in higher-rated fixed income securities. While offering a greater potential opportunity for capital appreciation and higher yields, high yield and distressed company securities typically entail greater potential price volatility and may be less liquid than higher-rated securities. High yield securities and debt securities of distressed companies may be regarded as predominately speculative with respect to the issuer’s continuing ability to meet principal and interest payments. They may also be more susceptible to real or perceived adverse economic and competitive industry conditions than higher-rated securities. The Fund may invest in securities that are in default with respect to the payment of interest or repayment of principal, or present an imminent risk of default with respect to such payments. Issuers of securities in default may fail to resume principal or interest payments, in which case the Fund may lose its entire investment.
The market values of high yield securities tend to reflect individual developments of the issuer to a greater extent than do higher-quality securities, which tend to react mainly to fluctuations in the general level of interest rates. In addition, lower-quality debt securities tend to be more sensitive to general economic conditions.
Inflation Risk. Because inflation reduces the purchasing power of income produced by existing fixed income securities, the prices at which fixed income securities trade will be reduced to compensate for the fact that the income they produce is worth less. This potential decrease in market value would be the measure of the inflation risk incurred by the Fund.
Interest Rate Risk. The Fund invests in fixed income securities. These securities will increase or decrease in value based on changes in interest rates. If rates increase, the value of the Fund’s fixed income securities generally declines. On the other hand, if rates fall, the value of the fixed income securities generally increases. A Shareholder’s investment will decline in value if the value of the Fund’s investments decreases.
Investment Company and Exchange Traded Fund Risk. The Fund may invest in shares of other investment companies and ETFs. Shareholders will indirectly bear fees and expenses charged by the underlying investment companies in which the Fund invests in addition to the Fund’s direct fees and expenses. The Fund also will incur brokerage costs when it purchases ETFs and closed-end funds. In addition, the Fund will be subject to the risks associated with the investment company or ETF's investments. The price movement of an ETF may not track the underlying index and may result in a loss. The closed-end investment company or ETF may trade at a price above (premium) or below (discount) their net asset value, especially during periods of significant volatility or stress, causing investors to pay significantly more or less than the value of the ETF's underlying portfolio. Furthermore, investments in other funds could affect the timing, amount and character of distributions to Shareholders, and therefore, may increase the amount of taxes payable by investors in the Fund. The Fund does not intend to invest in affiliated investment companies.
Liquidity Risk. The Fund may not be able to purchase or sell a security in a timely manner or at desired prices or achieve its desired weighting in a security. Liquidity risk may result from the lack of an active market or a reduced number and capacity of traditional market participants to make a market in fixed income securities, and may be magnified during times of market stress. The Fund may not be able to meet the requests to redeem Shares without significant dilution of remaining investors' interest in the Fund.
Management Risk. The Adviser’s judgments about the attractiveness, value and potential appreciation of a particular asset class or individual security in which the Fund invests may prove to be incorrect and there is no guarantee that individual investments will perform as anticipated.
Market Risk. The value of the Fund's investments may decrease, sometimes rapidly or unexpectedly, due to factors affecting an issuer held by the Fund, particular industries or overall securities markets. When the value of the Fund’s investments goes down, a Shareholder’s investment in the Fund decreases in value. A variety of factors including interest rate levels, recessions, inflation, U.S. economic growth, war or acts of terrorism, natural disasters, political events, supply chain disruptions, staff shortages and widespread public health issues affect the securities markets. These events may cause volatility, severe market dislocations and liquidity constraints in many markets, including markets for the securities the
Fund holds, and may adversely affect the Fund's investments and operations. In addition, governmental responses to these events may negatively impact the capabilities of the Fund's service providers, disrupt the Fund's operations, result in substantial market volatility and adversely impact the prices and liquidity of the Fund's investments.
Non-Diversification Risk. The Fund is classified as “non-diversified” under the 1940 Act. As a result, it can invest a greater portion of its assets in obligations of a single issuer than a “diversified” fund. The Fund may therefore be more susceptible than a diversified fund to being adversely affected by a single corporate, economic, political or regulatory occurrence.
Non-U.S. and Emerging Markets Risk. The Fund may invest in non-U.S. securities and U.S. securities of companies domiciled in non-U.S. countries that may experience more rapid and extreme changes in value than a fund that invests exclusively in securities of U.S. companies. These companies may be subject to additional risks, including political and economic risks, civil conflicts and war, greater volatility, expropriation and nationalization risks, currency fluctuations, higher transaction costs, delayed settlement, possible non-U.S. controls on investments, and less stringent investor protection and disclosure standards of non-U.S. markets. These risks are magnified in emerging markets as events and evolving conditions in certain economies or markets may alter the risks associated with investments tied to countries or regions that historically were perceived as comparatively stable becoming riskier and more volatile. The market for the securities of issuers in emerging markets is typically small and low, and nonexistent trading volumes in those securities may result in a lack of liquidity and price volatility.
The Fund anticipates that, under normal circumstances, it will invest no more than 10% of its total assets in non-U.S. securities and U.S. securities of companies domiciled in non-U.S. countries.
Participatory Notes Risk. P-notes are equity access products structured as debt obligations issued by banks or broker-dealers that are designed to replicate the performance of certain issuers and markets where direct investment is either impossible or difficult due to local restrictions. The performance results of P-notes will not replicate exactly the performance of the issuers or markets that the notes seek to replicate due to transaction costs and other expenses. Investments in P- notes involve the same risks associated with a direct investment in the shares of the companies the notes seek to replicate. In addition, P-notes are subject to counterparty risk, which is the risk that the broker-dealer or bank that issues the notes will not fulfill its contractual obligation to complete the transaction with the Fund. Some P-notes may be considered illiquid.
Prepayment and Call Risk. The issuer of certain securities may repay principal in advance, especially when yields fall. Changes in the rate at which prepayments occur can affect the return on investment of these securities. When debt obligations are prepaid or when securities are called, the fund may have to reinvest in securities with a lower yield. The Fund also may fail to recover additional amounts (i.e., premiums) paid for securities with higher coupons, resulting in an unexpected capital loss.
Real Estate Risk. Real estate-related investments may decline in value as a result of factors affecting the real estate industry, such as the supply of real property in certain markets, changes in zoning laws, delays in completion of construction, changes in real estate values, changes in property taxes, levels of occupancy, changes in general economic and market conditions, casualty and condemnation losses, availability of financing, and local and regional market conditions. The value of real estate related investments may also be affected by changes in interest rates, macroeconomic developments, and social and economic trends.
Repurchase Offers Risks. As described under “Quarterly Share Repurchase Program,” the Fund is an “interval fund” and, in order to provide liquidity to Shareholders, makes quarterly offers to repurchase between 5% and 25% of its outstanding Shares at NAV, pursuant to Rule 23c-3 under the 1940 Act. The Fund believes that these repurchase offers are generally beneficial to Shareholders, and repurchases generally will be funded from available cash or sales of portfolio securities. However, the repurchase of Shares by the Fund decreases the assets of the Fund and, therefore, may have the effect of increasing the Fund’s expense ratio. Repurchase offers and the need to fund repurchase obligations may also affect the ability of the Fund to be fully invested or force the Fund to maintain a higher percentage of its assets in liquid investments, which may harm the Fund’s investment performance. Moreover, diminution in the size of the Fund through repurchases may result in untimely sales of portfolio securities and may limit the ability of the Fund to participate in new investment opportunities or to achieve its investment objective. If the Fund uses leverage, repurchases of Shares may compound the adverse effects of leverage in a declining market. In addition, if the Fund borrows money to finance repurchases, interest on that borrowing will negatively affect Shareholders who do not tender their Shares by increasing Fund expenses and reducing any net investment income. If a repurchase offer is oversubscribed and the Fund determines not to repurchase additional Shares beyond the repurchase offer amount, or if Shareholders tender an amount of Shares greater than that which the Fund is entitled to purchase, the Fund will repurchase the Shares tendered on a pro rata basis, and Shareholders
will have to wait until the next repurchase offer to make another repurchase request. Shareholders will be subject to the risk of NAV fluctuations during that period. Thus, there is also a risk that some Shareholders, in anticipation of proration, may tender more Shares than they wish to have repurchased in a particular quarter, thereby increasing the likelihood that proration will occur. The NAV of Shares tendered in a repurchase offer may fluctuate between the date a Shareholder submits a repurchase request and the Repurchase Request Deadline, and to the extent there is any delay between the Repurchase Request Deadline and the Repurchase Pricing Date. The NAV on the Repurchase Request Deadline or the Repurchase Pricing Date may be higher or lower than on the date a Shareholder submits a repurchase request. See “Quarterly Share Repurchase Program.”
Sector Emphasis Risk. The Fund, from time to time, may invest 25% or more of its assets in one or more sectors, subjecting the Fund to sector emphasis risk. This is the risk that the Fund is subject to a greater risk of loss as a result of adverse economic, business or other developments affecting a specific sector in which the Fund has a focused position, than if its investments were diversified across a greater number of industry sectors. Some sectors possess particular risks that may not affect other sectors.
Sovereign Debt Risk. Sovereign debt is issued or guaranteed by non-U.S. government entities. Investments in sovereign debt are subject to the risk that a government entity may delay payment, restructure its debt, or refuse to pay interest or repay principal on its sovereign debt due to cash flow problems, insufficient foreign currency reserves, political considerations, social changes, the relative size of its debt position to its economy, or its failure to put in place economic reforms required by the International Monetary Fund or other multilateral agencies. If a government entity defaults, it may ask for more time in which to pay or for further loans. There is no legal process for collecting amounts owed on sovereign debt, such as bankruptcy proceedings, that a government does not pay.
Unrated Securities Risk. The Fund may purchase unrated securities that are not rated by a rating agency. Unrated securities may be less liquid than comparable rated securities and involve the risk that the Adviser may not accurately evaluate the security’s comparative credit rating.
Accordingly, the Fund should be considered a speculative investment that entails substantial risks, and prospective investors should invest in the Fund only if they can sustain a complete loss of their investment.
Variable and Floating Rate Instrument Risk. Securities with floating or variable interest rates are generally less sensitive to interest rate changes than securities with fixed interest rates, but may decline in value if their interest rates do not rise as much, or as quickly, as comparable market interest rates. Conversely, floating or variable rate securities will not generally increase in value if interest rates decline. The impact of interest rate changes on floating or variable rate securities is typically mitigated by the periodic interest rate reset of the investments. Floating or variable rate securities are often subject to restrictions on resale, which can result in reduced liquidity.
Zero-Coupon, Pay-in-Kind and Deferred Payment Securities. The market value of zero-coupon, PIK, and deferred payment securities generally are more volatile than the market value of, and is more likely to respond to a greater degree to changes in interest rates than, other fixed income securities with similar maturities and credit quality that pay interest periodically. Actions required by federal income tax law may reduce the assets to which the Fund’s expenses could otherwise be allocated and may reduce the Fund’s rate of return.
The Fund accrues income with respect to zero-coupon and PIK securities prior to the receipt of cash payments. Deferred payment securities are securities that remain zero-coupon securities until a predetermined date, at which time the stated coupon rate becomes effective and interest becomes payable at regular intervals. These interest payments are subject to the risk that the borrower may default when the deferred payments are due. While interest payments are not made on such securities, holders of such securities are deemed to have received “phantom income.” Because the Fund will distribute “phantom income” to shareholders, to the extent that shareholders elect to receive dividends in cash rather than reinvesting such dividends in additional shares, the Fund will have fewer assets with which to purchase income-producing securities. Zero-coupon, PIK, and deferred payment securities may be subject to greater fluctuation in value and lesser liquidity in the event of adverse market conditions or changes in interest rates than comparably rated securities paying cash interest at regular interest payment periods. In addition, such instruments may have unreliable valuations because their accruals require judgments about ultimate collectability of deferred payments and the value of the associated collateral. To the extent such securities result in higher valuations than other securities, they may provide certain benefits to the Adviser, including increasing the Management Fee.
Other Risks Relating to the Fund
General Risks. All funds carry a certain amount of risk. An investor may lose money on their investment in the Fund. The Fund is subject to management risk because it is an actively managed fund. The Fund may not achieve its objective if the Adviser’s expectations regarding particular securities or markets are not met.
Convertible Securities Risk. The market value of convertible securities and other debt securities tends to fall when prevailing interest rates rise. The value of convertible securities also tends to change whenever the market value of the underlying common or preferred stock fluctuates.
Cybersecurity Risk. The computer systems, networks and devices used by the Fund and its service providers to carry out routine business operations employ a variety of protections designed to prevent damage or interruption from computer viruses, network failures, computer and telecommunication failures, infiltration by unauthorized persons and security breaches. Despite the various protections utilized by the Fund and its service providers, systems, networks, or devices potentially can be breached due to both intentional and unintentional events. The Fund and Shareholders could be negatively impacted as a result of a cybersecurity breach.
Similar adverse consequences could result from cybersecurity breaches affecting issuers of securities in which the Fund invest; counterparties with which the Fund engages in transactions; governmental and other regulatory authorities; exchange and other financial market operators, banks, brokers, dealers, insurance companies, and other financial institutions (including financial intermediaries and service providers for the Shareholders); and other parties.
Cybersecurity breaches can include unauthorized access to systems, networks, or devices; infection from computer viruses or other malicious software code; ransomware; and attacks that shut down, disable, slow, or otherwise disrupt operations, business processes, or website access or functionality. Cybersecurity breaches may cause disruptions and impact the Fund's business operations, potentially resulting in financial losses; may negatively impact the financial condition of an issuer, counterparty or other market participant; interference with the Fund's ability to calculate their NAVs; impediments to trading; the inability of the Fund's, the Adviser, and other service providers to transact business; violations of applicable privacy and other laws; regulatory fines, penalties, reputational damage, reimbursement or other compensation costs, or additional compliance costs; as well as the inadvertent release of confidential information.
In addition, substantial costs may be incurred by these entities in order to prevent any cybersecurity breaches in the future. Neither the Fund or the Adviser control the cybersecurity systems of issuers or third-party service providers.
Illiquid Securities Risk. The Adviser anticipates a portion of the Fund's investments to be in securities that are illiquid. An illiquid investment is any investment that cannot be disposed of in current market conditions within seven days in the normal course of business at approximately the amount at which it is valued by the Fund and without significantly changing the value of the investment. The price the Fund pays for illiquid securities or receives upon resale may be lower than the price paid or received for similar securities with a more liquid market. In addition, there may be no market or a limited market in which to sell illiquid securities.
Inflation-Indexed Bonds Risk. Inflation-indexed bonds are fixed income securities whose principal value is periodically adjusted according to the rate of inflation. If the index measuring inflation falls, the principal value of inflation-indexed bonds will be adjusted downward, and consequently the interest payable on these securities (calculated with respect to a smaller principal amount) will be reduced. Repayment of the original bond principal upon maturity (as adjusted for inflation) is guaranteed in the case of U.S. Treasury inflation-indexed bonds. For bonds that do not provide a similar guarantee, the adjusted principal value of the bond repaid at maturity may be less than the original principal. The value of inflation-indexed bonds is expected to change in response to changes in real interest rates. Real interest rates are tied to the relationship between nominal interest rates and the rate of inflation. If nominal interest rates increase at a faster rate than inflation, real interest rates may rise, leading to a decrease in value of inflation-indexed bonds. Short-term increases in inflation may lead to a decline in value. Any increase in the principal amount of an inflation-indexed bond will be considered taxable ordinary income, even though investors do not receive their principal until maturity.
Large Shareholder Redemption Risk. Certain individuals accounts, or institutions, including the Adviser and its affiliates, may from time to time own or control a substantial amount of Shares. There is no requirement that these entities maintain their investment in the Fund.
Maturity Risk. In certain situations the Fund may purchase a bond of a given maturity as an alternative to another bond of a different maturity. Ordinarily, under these circumstances, the Fund will make an adjustment to account for the interest rate risk differential in the two bonds. This adjustment, however, makes an assumption about how the interest rates at different
maturities will move. To the extent that the yield movements deviate from this assumption, there is a yield-curve or maturity risk. Another situation where yield-curve risk should be considered is in the analysis of bond swap transactions where the potential incremental returns are dependent entirely on the parallel shift assumption for the yield curve.
MANAGEMENT OF THE FUND
Board of Trustees
Pursuant to the Fund’s Agreement and Declaration of Trust (“Declaration of Trust”) and the Fund’s By-Laws (“By-Laws”), the Fund’s business and affairs are managed under the direction of the Board, which has overall responsibility for monitoring and overseeing the Fund’s management and operations. The Board consists of four members, three of who are who are not “interested persons” as that term is defined in the 1940 Act (“Independent Trustees”). The Trustees are subject to removal or replacement in accordance with Delaware law and the Declaration of Trust. The Trustees serving on the Board have each been elected by the Shareholders. The Statement of Additional Information provides additional information about the Trustees.
Investment Adviser
Diamond Hill Capital Management, Inc., located at 325 John H. McConnell Blvd., Suite 200, Columbus, Ohio 43215, serves as the Fund’s investment adviser. The Adviser is registered as an investment adviser with the SEC under the Advisers Act. The Adviser has overall supervisory management responsibility for the general management and investment of the Fund's portfolio. The Adviser was formed in 1988 and provides advisory services to individual and institutional investors through mutual funds, separate accounts, collective investment trusts, other pooled vehicles including sub-advised funds and a private fund. As of June 30, 2024, the Adviser had net assets under management of approximately $29.3 billion. The Adviser is a wholly owned subsidiary of Diamond Hill Investment Group, Inc.
The Adviser serves as the Fund’s investment adviser pursuant to the terms of the Investment Advisory Agreement and subject to the authority of, and any policies established by, the Board. Pursuant to the Investment Advisory Agreement, the Adviser manages the Fund’s investment portfolio, directs purchases and sales of portfolio securities and reports thereon to the Fund’s officers and Trustees regularly.
The Board, including a majority of the Independent Trustees, oversees and monitors the Fund’s investment performance. The Board will review on an annual basis the Investment Advisory Agreement to determine, among other things, whether the fees payable thereunder are reasonable in light of the services provided. A discussion of the factors that the Board considered in approving the Investment Advisory Agreement will be available in the Fund’s annual or semi-annual report, as applicable, for the first fiscal period after the commencement of operations.
Pursuant to the Investment Advisory Agreement, and in consideration of the advisory services provided by the Adviser to the Fund, the Adviser is entitled to a Management Fee. The Management Fee is calculated and payable monthly in arrears at the annual rate of 1.25% of the average daily value of the Fund’s net assets.
Investment Personnel
Mr. Henry Song has a Bachelor of Business Administration degree from the Ross School of Business at the University of Michigan and holds the CFA designation. He has been an investment professional with the Adviser since June 2016. Mr. Song currently serves as a Portfolio Manager for the Adviser. From 2005 to 2016 he was with J.P. Morgan Investment Management, Inc. where he was a portfolio manager for the U.S. Value Driven team and was responsible for managing institutional taxable bond portfolios and previously supported the Columbus taxable client portfolio managers in reporting as well as client communications.
The Fund’s Statement of Additional Information provides additional information about Mr. Song's compensation, other accounts he manages, and his ownership of Shares.
Administrator
Under the terms of the Administration Agreement, the Administrator renders all administrative, transfer agency, fund accounting and supervisory services to the Fund. The Administrator oversees the maintenance of all books and records with respect to the Fund's securities transactions and the Fund's book of accounts in accordance with all applicable federal and state laws and regulations. The Administrator also arranges for the preservation of journals, ledgers, corporate documents, brokerage account records and other records which are required pursuant to Rule 31a-1 promulgated under the 1940 Act. The Administrator is also responsible for the equipment, staff, office space and facilities necessary to perform
its obligations. The Administrator may delegate any or all of its responsibilities under the Administration Agreement to one or more third-party service providers.
Under the Administration Agreement, the Administrator assumes and pays all ordinary expenses of the Fund not assumed by the Fund. The Fund pays all brokerage fees and commissions, custodian fees, taxes, borrowing costs, expenses related to conducting shareholders’ meetings and proxy solicitations, fees and extraordinary or non-recurring expenses. The Fund also pays distribution-related expenses.
Pursuant to the Administration Agreement, effective August 21, 2024, the Administrator receives a fee, which is paid monthly at an annual rate of 0.50% of the Fund's average daily net assets of Class A Shares, 0.50% of the Fund's average daily net assets of Class I Shares, and 0.10% of the Fund's average daily net assets of Class R Shares.
Sub-Administrator and Sub-Transfer Agent
Pursuant to a Master Services Agreement entered into between Ultimus Fund Solutions, LLC (“Ultimus”) and the Adviser (the “Master Services Agreement”), Ultimus acts as the Fund's sub-fund accounting agent and, in such capacity, maintains the books and records of the Fund, calculates the NAV per Share of each class, calculates investment performance and prepares all financial statements and related regulatory filings. Pursuant to the Master Services Agreement, Ultimus also acts as the Transfer Agent and, in such capacity, maintains the records of each Shareholder’s account, answers Shareholders’ inquiries concerning their accounts, processes purchases and redemptions of Shares, acts as dividend and distribution disbursing agent and performs other accounting and Shareholder service functions. Fees of Ultimus under the Master Services Agreement are paid by the Adviser pursuant to the Administration Agreement.
Custodian
State Street Bank and Trust Company, 200 Clarendon Street, 16th Floor, Boston, MA 02116 is the custodian for the Fund’s investments (the “Custodian”). The Custodian acts as the Fund’s depository, safe keeps its portfolio securities, collects all income and other payments with respect thereto, disburses funds at the Fund’s request and maintains records in connection
with its duties.
FUND EXPENSES
The Adviser bears all of its own costs incurred in providing investment advisory services to the Fund.
Pursuant to the Administration Agreement, the Administrator assumes and pays all ordinary expenses of the Fund not assumed by the Fund.
The Fund pays all brokerage fees and commissions, custodian fees, taxes, borrowing costs, expenses related to conducting Shareholders’ meetings and proxy solicitations, fees and extraordinary or non-recurring expenses, including, without limitation, costs incurred in connection with any claim, litigation, arbitration, mediation, government investigation or similar proceeding and indemnification expenses as provided for in the Fund’s organizational documents. The Fund also pays expenses that it is authorized to pay pursuant to Rule 12b-1 under the 1940 Act.
Organization and Offering Costs
Organizational costs include, among other things, the cost of organizing as an Delaware statutory trust, including the cost of legal services and other fees pertaining to the Fund’s organization. These costs are paid by the Adviser on behalf of the Fund.
The Fund’s initial offering costs include, among other things, legal, accounting, printing and other expenses pertaining to this offering. These costs are paid by the Adviser on behalf of the Fund.
Control Persons
A control person generally is a person who beneficially owns more than 25% of the voting securities of a company or has the power to exercise control over the management or policies of such company. As of ___________________, 2024, _____________________ owned of record 25% or more of the outstanding Shares.
DETERMINATION OF NET ASSET VALUE
When an investor buys and sells Shares, the price of the Shares is based on the Fund’s NAV next determined after the order is received. The NAV is calculated at the close of trading (normally 4:00 p.m., Eastern Time) on each day the New York Stock Exchange (“NYSE”) is open for business (“open business day”). Should the NYSE experience an unexpected market closure or restriction on trading during or on what is expected to be an open business day, the Fund will make a determination whether to calculate the NAV at the times as described above (and value the securities as described below in this prospectus and in the Statement of Additional Information) or to suspend the determination of the NAV based on available information at the time of or during the unexpected closure or restriction on trading. Purchase requests received by the Fund or an authorized agent of the Fund after the NYSE closes, or on a day on which the NYSE is not open for trading, will be effective on the next open business day thereafter on which the NYSE is open for trading, and the offering price will be based on the Fund’s NAV at the close of trading on that day. A separate NAV is calculated for each Share class. The NAV for a class is calculated by dividing the value of the Fund’s total assets (including interest and dividends accrued but not yet received), allocable to that class, minus liabilities (including accrued expenses) allocable to that class, by the total number of that class’ shares outstanding. The market value of the Fund’s investments is determined primarily on the basis of readily available market quotations.
If market quotations are not readily available, if available market quotations are determined not to be reliable, or if a security’s value has been materially affected by events occurring after the close of trading on the exchange or market on which the security is principally traded (for example, a natural disaster affecting an entire country or region, or an event that affects an individual company), but before the Fund’s NAV is calculated, that security may be valued at its fair value in accordance with policies and procedures adopted by the Board. Without a fair value price, short term traders could take advantage of the arbitrage opportunity and dilute the NAV of long term investors. To the extent that the Fund invests in securities that are primarily listed on non-U.S. exchanges or other markets that trade on weekends or other days when the Fund is closed, the value of the Shares may change on days when Shareholders will not be able to purchase or redeem their shares. In addition, securities trading on non-U.S. markets present time zone arbitrage opportunities when events affecting portfolio security values occur after the close of the non-U.S. market, but prior to the close of the U.S. market. Fair valuation of the Fund’s portfolio securities can serve to reduce arbitrage opportunities available to short term traders, but there is no assurance that fair value pricing policies will prevent dilution of the Fund’s NAV by short term traders. Fair valuation involves subjective judgments and it is possible that the fair value determined for a security may differ materially from the value that could be realized upon the sale of the security.
If an investor purchases Shares through a financial intermediary, as discussed below, it is the responsibility of the authorized agent to transmit properly completed purchase orders so that they will be received timely by the Fund. Any change in price due to the failure of the Fund to receive an order timely must be settled between the investor and the authorized agent placing the order.
Non-U.S. and U.S. Fixed Income Securities
Fixed income securities shall be valued at an evaluated price, generally as of 4:00 p.m. Eastern Time, provided by an independent pricing service approved by the Board. To value debt securities, pricing services may use various pricing techniques which take into account appropriate factors such as trading activity, readily available market quotations (including broker quotes), yield, quality, coupon rate, maturity, type of issue, trading characteristics, call features, credit ratings and other data.
These securities are generally considered to be fair valued; however, because the prices are provided by an independent approved pricing service, the fair value procedures approved by the Board need not be applied. Securities with less than 61 days to maturity may be valued at amortized cost. Amortized cost shall not be used if the use of amortized cost would be inappropriate due to credit or other impairments of the issuer.
Securities for which quotations are either (1) not readily available, (2) not provided by an approved pricing service or broker, or (3) determined by the Adviser's Valuation & Liquidity Committee to not accurately reflect their value, are valued at their fair value using procedures approved by the Board.
CONFLICTS OF INTEREST
Other Accounts
The Portfolio Manager may be responsible for managing other account portfolios in addition to the Fund. Management of other accounts in addition to the Fund can present certain conflicts of interest, including those associated with different fee structures, various trading practices, and the amount of time a Portfolio Manager may spend on other accounts versus the Fund. The Adviser has implemented specific policies and procedures to address any potential conflicts. The Adviser’s Form ADV Part 2A contains a complete description of its policies and procedures to address conflicts of interest. Below are material conflicts of interest that have been identified and practices intended to mitigate those conflicts when managing other account portfolios as well as the Fund.
Performance Based Fees
The Adviser manages certain accounts for which part of its fee is based on the performance of the account/fund (“Performance Fee Accounts”). As a result of the performance-based fee component, the Adviser may receive additional revenue related to the Performance Fee Accounts. None of the Adviser's Portfolio Managers receive any direct incentive compensation related to their management of the Performance Fee Accounts; however, revenues from Performance Fee Accounts management will impact the resources available to compensate Portfolio Managers and all staff.
Fees Paid to Diamond Hill
Diamond Hill Capital Management, Inc. serves as both the Adviser and the Administrator of the Fund, receiving compensation pursuant to the terms of the Investment Advisory Agreement and Administration Agreement, respectively, The agreements are approved by the Board and detail the services to be provided for each function.
The Adviser has entered into a Master Services Agreement under which Ultimus Fund Solutions, LLC (“Ultimus”) acts as the Transfer Agent and sub-fund accounting agent. Fees to Ultimus are paid by the Adviser pursuant to the Administration Agreement.
On an annual basis the Board considers the renewal of the Investment Advisor Agreement and the Administration Agreement. As part of the renewal process, the Board considers the profitability to the Adviser of the Investment Advisory Agreement and the Administration Agreement.
Trade Allocation
The Adviser manages numerous accounts in addition to the Fund. When the Fund and another of the Adviser’s clients seek to purchase or sell the same security at or about the same time, the Adviser may execute the transactions with the same broker on a combined or “blocked” basis. Blocked transactions can produce better execution for the Fund because of increased volume of the transaction. However, when another of the Adviser’s clients specifies that trades be executed with a specific broker (“Directed Brokerage Accounts”), a potential conflict of interest exists related to the order in which those trades are executed and allocated. As a result, the Adviser has adopted a trade allocation policy in which all trade orders occurring simultaneously among the Fund and one or more other accounts where the Adviser has the discretion to choose the execution broker are blocked and executed first. After the blocked trades have been completed, the remaining trades for the Directed Brokerage Accounts are then executed in random order, through the Adviser’s portfolio management software. When a trade is partially filled, the number of filled shares is allocated on a pro-rata basis to the appropriate client accounts. Trades are not segmented by investment product.
Personal Security Trading by the Portfolio Managers
The Adviser has adopted a Code of Ethics designed to: (1) demonstrate the Adviser’s duty at all times to place the interest of clients and Shareholders first; (2) align the interests of the Fund’s portfolio manager(s) (“Portfolio Manager”) with clients and Shareholders, and (3) mitigate inherit conflicts of interest associated with personal securities transactions. The Code of Ethics prohibits employees of the Adviser from purchasing individual equity and most fixed income securities that are eligible to be purchased in client accounts. The Code of Ethics also prohibits the purchase of third party mutual funds in the primary Morningstar categories with which the Adviser competes. Therefore, to gain exposure to securitized credit investments, the Portfolio Manager must invest in the Fund or in another investment company managed by the Adviser. As a result, the Portfolio Manager may be significant owners in the portfolios in which they manage, thus, aligning their interest with Shareholders.
Best Execution and Research Services
The Adviser has controls in place for monitoring trade execution in client accounts, including reviewing trades for best execution. Certain broker-dealers that Diamond Hill uses to execute client trades are also clients of Diamond Hill and/or refer clients to Diamond Hill creating a conflict of interest. To mitigate this conflict, the Adviser has controls in place for monitoring trade execution in our clients’ portfolios, including reviewing trades for best execution.
Receipt of research from brokers who execute client trades involves conflicts of interest. Since the Adviser uses client brokerage commissions to obtain research, it receives a benefit because it does not have to produce or pay for the research, products, or services itself. Consequently, the Adviser has an incentive to select or recommend a broker based on its desire to receive research, products, or services rather than a desire to obtain the most favorable execution. The Adviser attempts to mitigate these potential conflicts through oversight of the use of commissions by its Best Execution Committee.
Proxy Voting
The Fund has delegated proxy voting responsibilities to the Adviser, subject to the general oversight of the Board. The Adviser has adopted written proxy voting policies and procedures (“Proxy Policy”) as required by Rule 206(4)-6 under the Advisers Act consistent with its fiduciary obligations and the Proxy Policy has been approved by the Board as the policies and procedures that the Adviser will use when voting proxies on behalf of the Fund. The Proxy Policy is designed and implemented in a manner reasonably expected to ensure that voting and consent rights are exercised prudently and solely in the best economic interests of the Fund and its Shareholders considering all relevant factors and without undue influence from individuals or groups who may have an economic interest in the outcome of a proxy vote. Any conflict between the interests of the Shareholders, on one hand, and those of the Adviser or principal underwriter on the other will be reported to the Board and the Board will provide direction to the Adviser on how to vote the proxy.
The Proxy Policy sets forth the Adviser’s voting guidelines. The guidelines contain information about the key objectives in voting proxies, various client and Adviser decision methods, conflicts of interest, general voting principles, and detailed explanations on how the Adviser will typically vote on certain matters that are typically up for shareholder vote. Each vote is ultimately determined on a case-by-case basis, taking into consideration all relevant facts and circumstances at the time of the vote.
The Adviser and the Fund have adopted certain compliance procedures which are designed to identify, address and resolve conflicts of interest. However, there is no guarantee that such procedures will detect each and every situation in which a conflict arises.
QUARTERLY SHARE REPURCHASE PROGRAM
The Shares are not listed on any securities exchange, and the Fund anticipates that no secondary market will develop for its Shares. Accordingly, Shareholders may not be able to sell Shares when and/or in the amount that they desire. No Shareholder will have the right to require the Fund to repurchase or redeem such Shareholder’s Shares or any portion thereof. Shareholders are not permitted to transfer their investment from the Fund to any other registered investment company. Because no public market exists for the Shares, and no such market is expected to develop in the foreseeable future, Shareholders will not be able to liquidate their investment, other than through the Fund’s Share repurchase program, or, in limited circumstances, as a result of transfers of Shares to other investors. Thus, the Shares are appropriate only as a long-term investment. In addition, the Fund’s repurchase offers may subject the Fund and Shareholders to special risks. See “Types of Investments and Related Risks—Repurchase Offers Risks.”
The Fund is an “interval fund,” which is designed to provide some liquidity to Shareholders by making quarterly offers to repurchase between 5% and 25% of its outstanding Shares at NAV, pursuant to Rule 23c-3 under the 1940 Act, unless such offer is suspended or postponed in accordance with relevant regulatory requirements (as discussed below). In connection with any given repurchase offer, it is possible that the Fund may offer to repurchase only the minimum allowable amount of 5% of its outstanding Shares at the NAV applicable to the class of Shares repurchased. Quarterly repurchases will occur in the months of March, June, September, and December. The Fund’s offer to purchase Shares is a fundamental policy that may not be changed without the approval of the holders of a majority of the Fund’s outstanding voting securities (as defined in the 1940 Act). The Repurchase Offer Notice will be sent to Shareholders at least 21 calendar days before the Repurchase Request Deadline (i.e., the date by which Shareholders can tender their Shares in response to a repurchase offer), which is ordinarily on the third Friday of the month in which the repurchase occurs. The Repurchase Offer Notice will also include the “Repurchase Pricing Date,” or the date the NAV per share is determined.
The Repurchase Pricing Date will generally be the same date as the Repurchase Request Deadline but may extend no later than the 14th calendar days after the Repurchase Request Deadline. The Fund expects to distribute payment to Shareholders between one and three business days after the Repurchase Pricing Date and will distribute such payment no later than seven calendar days after such date (“Repurchase Payment Deadline”).
Determination of Repurchase Offer Amount
The Board, or a committee thereof, in its sole discretion, will determine the number of Shares that the Fund will offer to repurchase (the “Repurchase Offer Amount”) in connection with any given Repurchase Request Deadline. However, the Repurchase Offer Amount, will be no less than 5% and no more than 25% of the total number of Shares outstanding on the Repurchase Request Deadline.
Notice to Shareholders
No less than 21 days and no more than 42 days before each Repurchase Request Deadline, the Fund will send each Shareholder of record and each beneficial owner of the Shares that are the subject of the repurchase offer a notification (“Shareholder Notification”). The Shareholder Notification will contain information Shareholders should consider in deciding whether to tender Shares for repurchase. The notice also will include detailed instructions on how to tender Shares for repurchase, state the Repurchase Offer Amount, and set forth the Repurchase Request Deadline, the scheduled Repurchase Pricing Date, and the Repurchase Payment Deadline. The notice will also indicate the NAV that has been computed no more than seven days before the date of notification, and the process through which Shareholders may ascertain the NAV after the notification date. Any requests for the repurchase of Shares may be withdrawn or modified at any time prior to 4:00 p.m., Eastern Time, on the Repurchase Request Deadline.
Repurchase Price
The repurchase price of the Shares will be the NAV of the Shares as of the close of regular trading on the NYSE on the Repurchase Pricing Date. Investors may call (888) 225-5595 to learn the NAV. The notice of the repurchase offer also will provide information concerning the NAV, such as the NAV as of a recent date or a sampling of recent NAVs of the Fund, and a toll-free number for information regarding the repurchase offer.
Repurchase Amounts and Payment of Proceeds
Shares tendered for repurchase by Shareholders prior to any Repurchase Request Deadline will be repurchased subject to the aggregate Repurchase Offer Amount established for that Repurchase Request Deadline. Payment pursuant to the repurchase offer will be made by check to the Shareholder’s address of record, or credited directly to a predetermined bank account on the Repurchase Payment Date, which will be no more than seven days after the Repurchase Pricing Date. The Board may establish other policies for repurchases of shares that are consistent with the 1940 Act, regulations thereunder and other pertinent laws.
If Shareholders tender for repurchase more than the Repurchase Offer Amount for a given repurchase offer, the Fund may, but is not required to, repurchase an additional amount of Shares not to exceed 2.00% of the outstanding Shares on the Repurchase Request Deadline. If the Fund determines not to repurchase more than the Repurchase Offer Amount, or if Shareholders tender Shares in an amount exceeding the Repurchase Offer Amount plus 2.00% of the outstanding Shares on the Repurchase Request Deadline, the Fund will repurchase Shares on a pro rata basis. However, the Fund may accept all Shares tendered for repurchase by Shareholders who own less than one hundred Shares and who tender all of their Shares, before prorating other amounts tendered.
The Fund may in the future impose a repurchase fee. However, any such repurchase fee would only apply to Shares purchased after the repurchase fee is adopted and disclosed in the Registration Statement.
Suspension or Postponement of Repurchase Offer
The Fund may suspend or postpone a repurchase offer only: (1) if making or effecting the repurchase offer would cause the Fund to lose its status as a RIC under the Code; (2) for any period during which the NYSE or any market on which the securities owned by the Fund are principally traded is closed, other than customary weekend and holiday closings, or during which trading in such market is restricted; (3) for any period during which an emergency exists as a result of which disposal by the Fund of securities owned by it is not reasonable practicable, or during which it is not reasonable practicable for the Fund fairly to determine the value of its net assets; or (4) for such other periods as the SEC may by order permit for the protection of Shareholders.
Liquidity Requirements
The Fund must maintain liquid assets at least equal to the percentage of its Shares subject to the repurchase offer. For this purpose, liquid assets are investments that can be sold or otherwise disposed of in the ordinary course of business, at approximately the price at which the Fund values them, within the period between the Repurchase Request Deadline and the repurchase payment deadline, or that mature by the Repurchase Payment Deadline. The Fund is also permitted to borrow up to the maximum extent permitted under the 1940 Act to meet repurchase requests. The Board has adopted procedures that are reasonably designed to ensure that the Fund’s assets are sufficiently liquid so that the Fund can comply with the repurchase offer and the liquidity requirements described in above under “Repurchase Amounts and Payment of Proceeds”. If, at any time, the Fund falls out of compliance with these liquidity requirements, the Board ll take whatever action it deems appropriate to ensure compliance.
Consequences of Repurchase Offers
Repurchase offers will typically be funded from borrowing proceeds, available cash or sales of portfolio securities. Payment for repurchased shares, however, may require the Fund to liquidate portfolio holdings earlier than the Adviser otherwise would, thus increasing the Fund's portfolio turnover and potentially causing the Fund to realize losses. The Adviser intends to take measures to attempt to avoid or minimize such potential losses and turnover, and instead of liquidating portfolio holdings, may borrow money to finance repurchases of shares. If the Fund borrows to finance repurchases, interest on that borrowing will negatively affect Shareholders who do not tender their Shares by increasing the Fund’s expenses and reducing any net investment income. There is no assurance that the Fund will be able sell a significant amount of additional Shares so as to mitigate these effects. To the extent the Fund finances repurchase amounts by selling Fund investments, the resulting Fund portfolio may hold a larger proportion of its assets in less liquid securities. The sale of portfolio securities to fund repurchases also could reduce the market price of those underlying securities, which in turn would reduce the Fund's NAV.
Repurchase of the Shares will tend to reduce the amount of outstanding shares and, depending upon the Fund's investment performance, its net assets. A reduction in the Fund's net assets would increase the Fund's expense ratio, to the extent that additional shares are not sold and expenses otherwise remain the same (or increase). In addition, the repurchase of shares by the Fund will be a taxable event to Shareholders.
The Fund is intended as a long-term investment. The Fund’s quarterly repurchase offers are a Shareholder’s only means of liquidity with respect to the Shareholder’s shares. Shareholders have no rights to redeem or transfer their shares, other than limited rights of a Shareholder’s descendants to transfer shares in the event of such Shareholder’s death pursuant to certain conditions and restrictions. The shares are not traded on a national securities exchange and no secondary market exists for the shares, nor does the Fund expect a secondary market for its shares to exist in the future.
Discretionary Repurchase Offers
Under paragraph (c) of Rule 23c-3, in addition to its quarterly repurchase of shares, the Fund may offer to repurchase its shares on a discretionary basis, provided that (i) the offer is made to all Shareholders, (ii) the offer is made no more frequently than every two years, and (iii) certain other conditions of Rule 23c-3 are met.
These and other possible risks associated with the Fund’s repurchase offers are described under “Repurchase Offers Risks” above. In addition, the repurchase of Shares by the Fund will be a taxable event to Shareholders. For a discussion of these tax consequences, see “U.S. Federal Income Tax” and in the Statement of Additional Information.
DISTRIBUTION POLICY
The Fund intends to distribute to its Shareholders as dividends all or substantially all of its net investment income and any realized net capital gains. Distributions from the Fund’s net investment income are paid monthly and capital gains are distributed at least annually. However, there can be no assurances that the Fund will achieve any level of distribution to its Shareholders.
To the extent that any portion of the Fund’s monthly distributions are considered a return of capital to Shareholders, such portion would not be considered dividends for U.S. federal income tax purposes, and would represent a return of the amounts that such Shareholders invested. Although such return of capital distributions are not currently taxable to Shareholders, such distributions will have the effect of lowering a Shareholder’s tax basis in such Shares, and could result in a higher tax liability when the Shares are sold, even if they have not increased in value, or in fact, have lost value. The Fund’s final distribution for each tax year is expected to include any remaining investment company taxable income and
net tax-exempt income undistributed during the tax year, as well as any undistributed net capital gain realized during the tax year. If the total distributions made in any tax year exceed investment company taxable income, net tax-exempt income and net capital gain, such excess distributed amount would be treated as ordinary dividend income to the extent of the Fund’s current and accumulated earnings and profits and as return of capital thereafter. This distribution policy, may, under certain circumstances, have adverse consequences to the Fund and its Shareholders because it may result in a return of capital resulting in less of a Shareholder’s assets being invested in the Fund and, over time, increase the Fund’s expense ratio. The distribution policy also may cause the Fund to sell securities at a time it would not otherwise do so to manage the distribution of income and gain.
Each year, a statement on Form 1099-DIV identifying the sources of the distributions (i.e., paid from ordinary income, paid from net capital gains on the sale of securities, and/or a return of capital, which is a nontaxable distribution) will be furnished to Shareholders subject to Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”) reporting. Fund ordinary distributions may exceed the Fund’s earnings, especially during the period before the Fund has substantially invested the proceeds from this offering. To the extent that the Fund pays distributions to Shareholders using proceeds it receives from Fund distributions, such distributions generally would constitute a return of investor capital and generally will lower an investor’s tax basis in their Shares. A return of capital generally is a return of an investor’s investment rather than a return of earnings or gains derived from the Fund’s investment activities. There can be no assurance that the Fund will be able to pay distributions at a specific rate or at all.
As discussed in the “U.S. Federal Income Tax” section, to qualify for and maintain RIC tax treatment, the Fund is required to distribute on a timely basis with respect to each tax year dividends for U.S. federal income tax purposes of an amount at least equal to the sum of 90% of “investment company taxable income” and net tax-exempt interest income, determined without regard to any deduction for dividends paid, for such tax year. To avoid certain excise taxes imposed on RICs, the Fund is required to distribute in respect of each calendar year dividends of an amount at least equal to the sum of: (1) 98% of ordinary income (taking into account certain deferrals and elections) for the calendar year, (2) 98.2% of capital gain net income (adjusted for certain ordinary losses) generally for the one-year period ending on October 31 of the calendar year, and (3) any ordinary income and capital gain net income for previous calendar years that were not distributed during such calendar years and on which the Fund paid no U.S. federal income tax. The Fund can offer no assurance that it will achieve results that will permit the payment of any cash distributions. If the Fund issues senior securities, the Fund will be prohibited from making distributions if doing so causes it to fail to maintain the asset coverage ratios stipulated by the 1940 Act or if distributions are limited by the terms of any of the Fund’s borrowings. Any such limitations would adversely impact the Fund’s ability to make distributions to Shareholders.
DIVIDEND REINVESTMENT POLICY
Automatic Dividend Reinvestment
Dividends and capital gains distributions are automatically reinvested, unless otherwise noted. Reinvested dividends increase the Fund’s total assets on which the Management Fee is payable to the Adviser. A Shareholder may notify the Transfer Agent in writing to:
• Choose to receive dividends or distributions (or both) in cash; or
• Change the way they currently receive distributions
Shares may be distributed in lieu of cash. The number of Shares that will be distributed in lieu of cash is determined by dividing the dollar amount of the distribution to be reinvested by the NAV as of the close of business on the day of the distribution.
A Shareholder’s taxable income is the same regardless of which option they choose. For further information about dividend reinvestment, contact the Transfer Agent by telephone at (888) 226-5595.
U.S. FEDERAL INCOME TAX
The following is a general summary of certain material U.S. federal income tax considerations applicable to the Fund and an investment in the Fund. The discussion below provides general tax information related to an investment in the Fund, but does not purport to be a complete description of the U.S. federal income tax consequences of an investment in the Fund and does not address any state, local, non-U.S., or other tax consequences. It is based on the Code and U.S. Treasury regulations thereunder and administrative pronouncements, all as of the date hereof, any of which is subject to change, possibly with retroactive effect. In addition, it does not describe all of the tax consequences that may be relevant
in light of a Shareholder’s particular circumstances, including (but not limited to) federal alternative minimum tax consequences and tax consequences applicable to Shareholders subject to special tax rules, such as certain financial institutions; dealers or traders in securities who use a mark-to-market method of tax accounting; persons holding Shares as part of a hedging transaction, wash sale, conversion transaction or integrated transaction or persons entering into a constructive sale with respect to Shares; entities classified as partnerships or other pass-through entities for U.S. federal income tax purposes; insurance companies; U.S. Shareholders (as defined below) whose functional currency is not the U.S. dollar; or tax-exempt entities, including “individual retirement accounts” or “Roth IRAs.” As with any taxable investment, Shareholders may be subject to the federal alternative minimum tax on their income (including taxable income from the Fund), depending on their individual circumstances. Unless otherwise noted, the following discussion applies only to a Shareholder that holds Shares as a capital asset and is a U.S. Shareholder. A “U.S. Shareholder” generally is a beneficial owner of Shares who is for U.S. federal income tax purposes:
• An individual who is a citizen or a resident of the United States;
• A corporation, or other entity taxable as a corporation, created or organized in or under the laws of the United States, any state thereof or the District of Columbia;
• An estate, the income of which is subject to U.S. federal income taxation regardless of its source; or
• A trust if it (a) is subject to the primary supervision of a court within the United States and one or more U.S. persons have the authority to control all substantial decisions of the trust or (b) has a valid election in effect under applicable U.S. Treasury regulations to be treated as a U.S. person.
If a partnership (including an entity treated as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes) holds Shares, the tax treatment of a partner in the partnership will generally depend upon the status of the partner and the activities of the partnership. A prospective Shareholder that is a partner in a partnership holding Shares should consult his, her or its tax advisors with respect to the purchase, ownership, and disposition of Shares.
The discussion set forth herein does not constitute tax advice. Tax laws are complex and often change, and Shareholders should consult their tax advisors about the U.S. federal, state, local, or non-U.S. tax consequences of an investment in the Fund.
Taxation of the Fund
The Fund has elected, to be treated for U.S. federal income tax purposes, and has qualified and intends to continue to qualify annually, as a RIC under Subchapter M of the Code. As a RIC, the Fund generally will not be subject to corporate-level U.S. federal income taxes on any ordinary income or capital gains that it distributes as dividends to Shareholders. To qualify as a RIC in any tax year, the Fund must, among other things, satisfy both a source of income test and asset diversification tests. The Fund will qualify as a RIC if: (i) at least 90% of the Fund’s gross income for such tax year consists of dividends; interest; payments with respect to certain securities loans; gains from the sale or other disposition of stock or securities (as defined in section 2(a)(36) of the 1940 Act) or foreign currencies; other income (including, but not limited to, gains from options, futures or forward contracts) derived with respect to its business of investing in such stock, securities or currencies; and net income derived from interests in “qualified publicly-traded partnerships” as defined in Code section 851(h) (such income, “Qualifying RIC Income”); and (ii) the Fund’s holdings are diversified so that, at the end of each quarter of such tax year, (a) at least 50% of the value of the Fund’s total assets is represented by cash and cash equivalents, securities of other RICs, U.S. government securities and other securities, with such other securities limited, in respect of any one issuer, to an amount not greater than 5% of the value of the Fund’s total assets and not greater than 10% of the outstanding voting securities of such issuer and (b) not more than 25% of the value of the Fund’s total assets is invested (x) in securities (other than U.S. government securities or securities of other RICs) of any one issuer; (y) in securities (other than the securities of other RICs) of two or more issuers that the Fund controls and that are engaged in the same, similar or related trades or businesses; or (z) in the securities of one or more “qualified publicly-traded partnerships” as defined in Code section 851(h). The Fund’s share of income derived from a partnership other than a “qualified publicly-traded partnership” will be treated as Qualifying RIC Income only to the extent that such income would have constituted Qualifying RIC Income if derived directly by the Fund. A “qualified publicly-traded partnership” is generally defined as an entity that is treated as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes if (1) interests in such entity are traded on an established securities market or are readily tradable on a secondary market or the substantial equivalent thereof and (2) less than 90% of its gross income for the relevant tax year consists of Qualifying RIC Income. The Code provides that the U.S. Department of the Treasury may, by regulation, exclude from Qualifying RIC Income
foreign currency gains that are not directly related to the RIC’s principal business of investing in shares or securities (or options and futures with respect to shares or securities). The Fund anticipates that, in general, its foreign currency gains will be directly related to its principal business of investing in shares and securities.
In addition, to maintain RIC tax treatment, the Fund must distribute on a timely basis with respect to each tax year dividends of an amount at least equal to 90% of the sum of its “investment company taxable income” and its net tax-exempt interest income, determined without regard to any deduction for dividends paid, to Shareholders (the “90% Distribution Requirement”). If the Fund qualifies as a RIC and satisfies the 90% Distribution Requirement, the Fund generally will not be subject to U.S. federal income tax on its “investment company taxable income” and net capital gains (that is, the excess of net long-term capital gains over net short-term capital losses) that it distributes as dividends to Shareholders (including amounts that are reinvested pursuant to the dividend reinvestment plan). In general, a RIC’s “investment company taxable income” for any tax year is its taxable income, determined without regard to net capital gains and with certain other adjustments. The Fund intends to distribute all or substantially all of its “investment company taxable income,” net tax-exempt interest income (if any), and net capital gains on an annual basis. Any taxable income, including any net capital gains that the Fund does not distribute in a timely manner, will be subject to U.S. federal income tax at regular corporate rates.
If the Fund retains any net capital gains for reinvestment, it may elect to treat such capital gains as having been distributed to Shareholders. If the Fund makes such an election, each Shareholder will be required to report its share of such undistributed net capital gains attributed to the Fund as long-term capital gain and will be entitled to claim its share of the U.S. federal income taxes paid by the Fund on such undistributed net capital gains as a credit against its own U.S. federal income tax liability, if any, and to claim a refund on a properly-filed U.S. federal income tax return to the extent that the credit exceeds such liability. In addition, each Shareholder will be entitled to increase the adjusted tax basis of its Shares by the difference between its share of such undistributed net capital gain and the related credit. There can be no assurance that the Fund will make this election if it retains all or a portion of its net capital gain for a tax year.
As a RIC, the Fund will be, subject to a nondeductible 4% federal excise tax on certain undistributed amounts for each calendar year (the “4% Excise Tax”). To avoid the 4% Excise Tax, the Fund must distribute in respect of each calendar year dividends of an amount at least equal to the sum of (1) 98% of its ordinary taxable income (taking into account certain deferrals and elections) for the calendar year, (2) 98.2% of its capital gain net income (adjusted for certain ordinary losses) generally for the one-year period ending on October 31 of the calendar year and (3) any ordinary income and capital gains for previous calendar years that were not distributed during those calendar years. For purposes of determining whether the Fund has met this distribution requirement, the Fund will be deemed to have distributed any income or gains previously subject to U.S. federal income tax. Furthermore, any distribution declared by the Fund in October, November, or December of any calendar year, payable to Shareholders, of record on a specified date in such a month and actually paid during January of the following calendar year, will be treated for tax purposes as if it had been paid on December 31 of the calendar year in which the distribution was declared. The Fund generally intends to avoid the imposition of the 4% Excise Tax, but there can be no assurance in this regard.
If the Fund fails to qualify as a RIC or fails to satisfy the 90% Distribution Requirement in respect of any tax year, the Fund would be subject to U.S. federal income tax at regular corporate rates on its taxable income, including its net capital gains, even if such income were distributed, and all distributions out of earnings and profits would be taxed as ordinary dividend income. Such distributions generally would be eligible for the dividends-received deduction in the case of certain corporate Shareholders and may be eligible to be qualified dividend income in the case of certain non-corporate Shareholders. In addition, the Fund could be required to recognize unrealized gains, pay taxes, and make distributions (any of which could be subject to interest charges) before re-qualifying for taxation as a RIC. If the Fund fails to satisfy either the income test or asset diversification test described above, in certain cases, however, the Fund may be able to avoid losing its status as a RIC by timely providing notice of such failure to the IRS, curing such failure and possibly paying an additional tax or penalty.
Some of the investments that the Fund is expected to make, such as investments in debt instruments having market discount and/or treated as issued with original issue discount (“OID”), may cause the Fund to recognize income or gain for U.S. federal income tax purposes prior to the receipt of any corresponding cash or other property. As a result, the Fund may have difficulty meeting the 90% Distribution Requirement necessary to maintain RIC tax treatment. Because this income will be included in the Fund’s investment company taxable income for the tax year it is accrued, the Fund may be required to make a distribution to Shareholders to meet the distribution requirements described above, even though the
Fund will not have received any corresponding cash or property. The Fund may be required to borrow money, dispose of other securities or forgo new investment opportunities for this purpose.
There may be uncertainty as to the appropriate treatment of certain of the Fund’s investments for U.S. federal income tax purposes. In particular, the Fund expects to invest a portion of its net assets in below investment grade instruments. U.S. federal income tax rules with respect to such instruments are not entirely clear about issues such as whether and to what extent the Fund should recognize interest, OID or market discount, when and to what extent deductions may be taken for bad debts or worthless instruments, how payments received on obligations in default should be allocated between principal and income and whether exchanges of debt obligations in a bankruptcy or workout context are taxable.
These and other issues will be addressed by the Fund, to the extent necessary, in connection with the Fund’s general intention to distribute sufficient income to qualify, and maintain its qualification to be subject to tax as a RIC and to minimize the risk that it becomes subject to U.S. federal income or excise tax.
Income received by the Fund from sources outside the U.S. may be subject to withholding and other taxes imposed by such countries, thereby reducing income available to the Fund. Tax conventions between certain countries and the United States may reduce or eliminate such taxes. If more than 50% of the value of the Fund’s total assets at the close of its tax year consists of securities of foreign corporations, the Fund will be eligible to elect to “pass-through” to the Fund the foreign source amount of income deemed earned and the respective amount of foreign taxes paid by the Fund. If at least 50% of the value of the Fund’s total assets at the close of each quarter of its tax year is represented by interests in other RICs, the Fund may elect to “pass-through” to Shareholders the foreign source amount of income deemed earned and the respective amount of foreign taxes paid or deemed paid by the Fund. If the Fund so elects, each Shareholder would be required to include in gross income, even though not actually received, each Shareholder’s pro rata share of the foreign taxes paid or deemed paid by the Fund, but would be treated as having paid its pro rata share of such foreign taxes and would therefore be allowed to either deduct such amount in computing taxable income or use such amount (subject to various limitations) as a foreign tax credit against federal income tax (but not both).
The Fund may invest in shares of foreign companies that are classified under the Code as passive foreign investment companies (“PFICs”). In general, a foreign company is considered a PFIC if at least 50% of its assets constitute investment-type assets or 75% or more of its gross income is investment-type income. In general, under the PFIC rules, an “excess distribution” received with respect to PFIC shares is treated as having been realized ratably over the period during which the Fund held the PFIC shares. The Fund generally will be subject to tax on the portion, if any, of the excess distribution that is allocated to the Fund’s holding period in prior tax years (and an interest factor will be added to the tax, as if the tax had actually been payable in such prior tax years) even though the Fund distributes the corresponding income to Shareholders. Excess distributions include any gain from the sale of PFIC shares as well as certain distributions from a PFIC. All excess distributions are taxable as ordinary income.
The Fund may be eligible to elect alternative tax treatment with respect to PFIC shares. Under one such election (i.e., a “QEF” election), the Fund generally would be required to include in its gross income its share of the earnings of a PFIC on a current basis, regardless of whether any distributions are received from the PFIC. If this election is made, the special rules, discussed above, relating to the taxation of excess distributions, would not apply. Alternatively, the Fund may be able to elect to mark its PFIC shares to market, resulting in any unrealized gains at the Fund’s tax year end being treated as though they were recognized and reported as ordinary income. Any mark-to-market losses and any loss from an actual disposition of the PFIC’s Shares would be deductible as ordinary losses to the extent of any net mark-to-market gains included in income in prior tax years with respect to shares in the same PFIC.
Because the application of the PFIC rules may affect, among other things, the character of gains, the amount of gain or loss and the timing of the recognition of income, gain or loss with respect to PFIC shares, as well as subject the Fund itself to tax on certain income from PFIC shares, the amount that must be distributed to Shareholders, and which will be recognized by Shareholders as ordinary income or long-term capital gain, may be increased or decreased substantially as compared to a fund that did not invest in PFIC shares. Note that distributions from a PFIC are not eligible for the reduced rate of tax on distributions of “qualified dividend income” as discussed below.
Some of the CLOs in which the Fund invests may be PFICs, which are generally subject to the tax consequences described above. Investment in certain equity interests of CLOs that are subject to treatment as PFICs for U.S. federal income tax purposes may cause the Fund to recognize income in a tax year in excess of the Fund’s distributions from such CLOs, PFICs and the Fund’s proceeds from sales or other dispositions of equity interests in other CLOs and other
PFICs during that tax year. As a result, the Fund generally would be required to distribute such income to satisfy the distribution requirements applicable to RICs.
If the Fund holds more than 10% of the interests treated as equity for U.S. federal income tax purposes in a foreign corporation that is treated as a controlled foreign corporation (“CFC”), including equity tranche investments and certain debt tranche investments in a CLO treated as CFC, the Fund may be treated as receiving a deemed distribution (taxable as ordinary income) each tax year from such foreign corporation of an amount equal to the Fund’s pro rata share of the foreign corporation’s earnings for such tax year (including both ordinary earnings and capital gains), whether or not the corporation makes an actual distribution to the Fund during such tax year. This deemed distribution is required to be included in the income of certain U.S. Shareholders of a CFC, such as the Fund, regardless of whether a U.S. Shareholder has made a QEF election with respect to such CFC. The Fund is generally required to distribute such income in order to satisfy the distribution requirements applicable to RICs, even to the extent the Fund’s income from a CFC exceeds the distributions from the CFC and the Fund’s proceeds from the sales or other dispositions of CFC stock during that tax year. In general, a foreign corporation will be treated as a CFC for U.S. federal income tax purposes if more than 50% of the shares of the foreign corporation, measured by reference to combined voting power or value, is owned (directly, indirectly or by attribution) by U.S. Shareholders. A “U.S. Shareholder,” for this purpose, is any U.S. person that possesses (actually or constructively) 10% or more of the combined value or voting power of all classes of shares of a corporation.
The functional currency of the Fund, for U.S. federal income tax purposes, is the U.S. dollar. Gains or losses attributable to fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates that occur between the time the Fund accrues interest income or other receivables or accrues expenses or other liabilities denominated in a foreign currency and the time the Fund actually collects such receivables or pays such liabilities generally are respectively characterized as ordinary income or ordinary loss for U.S. federal income tax purposes. Similarly, on the sale of other disposition of certain investments, including debt securities, certain forward contracts, as well as other derivative financial instruments, denominated in a foreign currency, gains or losses attributable to fluctuations in the value of foreign currency between the date of acquisition of the security or contract and the date of disposition also are generally treated as ordinary gain or loss. These gains and losses, referred to under the Code as “section 988” gains and losses, may increase or decrease the amount of the Fund’s investment company taxable income subject to distribution to Shareholders as ordinary income. For example, fluctuations in exchange rates may increase the amount of income that the Fund must distribute to qualify for tax treatment as a RIC and to prevent application of an excise tax on undistributed income. Alternatively, fluctuations in exchange rates may decrease or eliminate income available for distribution. If section 988 losses exceed other investment company taxable income during a tax year, the Fund would not be able to distribute amounts considered dividends for U.S. federal income tax purposes, and any distributions during a tax year made by the Fund before such losses were recognized would be re-characterized as a return of capital to Shareholders for U.S. federal income tax purposes, rather than as ordinary dividend income, and would reduce each Shareholder’s tax basis in Shares.
If the Fund utilizes leverage through the issuance of preferred Shares or borrowings, it will be prohibited from declaring a distribution or dividend if it would fail the applicable asset coverage test(s) under the 1940 Act after the payment of such distribution or dividend. In addition, certain covenants in credit facilities or indentures may impose greater restrictions on the Fund’s ability to declare and pay dividends on Shares. Limits on the Fund’s ability to pay dividends on Shares may prevent the Fund from meeting the distribution requirements described above and, as a result, may affect the Fund’s ability to be subject to tax as a RIC or subject the Fund to the 4% Excise Tax. The Fund endeavors to avoid restrictions on its ability to make distribution payments. If the Fund is precluded from making distributions on Shares because of any applicable asset coverage requirements, the terms of preferred Shares (if any) may provide that any amounts so precluded from being distributed, but required to be distributed by the Fund to enable the Fund to satisfy the distribution requirements that would enable the Fund to be subject to tax as a RIC, will be paid to the holders of preferred Shares as a special distribution. This distribution can be expected to decrease the amount that holders of preferred Shares would be entitled to receive upon repurchase or liquidation of such preferred Shares.
Certain of the Fund’s investments are expected to be subject to special U.S. federal income tax provisions that may, among other things: (1) disallow, suspend or otherwise limit the allowance of certain losses or deductions, (2) convert lower-taxed long-term capital gains into higher- taxed short-term capital gains or ordinary income, (3) convert an ordinary loss or a deduction into a capital loss, the deductibility of which is more limited, (4) adversely affect when a purchase or sale of shares or securities is deemed to occur, (5) adversely alter the intended characterization of certain complex financial transactions, (6) cause the Fund to recognize income or gain without a corresponding receipt of cash, (7) treat
dividends that would otherwise constitute qualified dividend income as non-qualified dividend income, (8) treat dividends that would otherwise be eligible for the corporate dividends received deduction as ineligible for such treatment and (9) produce income that will not constitute Qualifying RIC Income. The application of these rules could cause the Fund to be subject to U.S. federal income tax or the 4% Excise Tax and, under certain circumstances, could affect the Fund’s status as a RIC. The Fund monitors its investments and may make certain tax elections to mitigate the effect of these provisions.
The remainder of this discussion assumes that the Fund has qualified and maintain its qualification as a RIC and has satisfied the distribution requirements described above.
Taxation of U.S. Shareholders
Distributions
Distributions of the Fund’s ordinary income and net short-term capital gains will, except as described below with respect to distributions of “qualified dividend income,” generally be taxable to Shareholders as ordinary income to the extent such distributions are paid out of the Fund’s current or accumulated earnings and profits, as determined for U.S. federal income tax purposes. Distributions (or deemed distributions, as described above), if any, of net capital gains will be taxable as long-term capital gains, regardless of the length of time a Shareholder has owned Shares. The ultimate tax characterization of the Fund’s distributions made in a tax year cannot be determined until after the end of the tax year. As a result, the Fund may make total distributions during a tax year in an amount that exceeds the current and accumulated earnings and profits of the Fund. A distribution of an amount in excess of the Fund’s current and accumulated earnings and profits will be treated by a Shareholder as a return of capital that will be applied against and reduce the Shareholder’s tax basis in its Shares. To the extent that the amount of any such distribution exceeds the Shareholder’s tax basis in its Shares, the excess will be treated as gain from a sale or exchange of Shares. Distributions will be treated in the manner described above regardless of whether such distributions are paid in cash or invested in additional Shares. Generally, for U.S. federal income tax purposes, a Shareholder receiving Shares under the dividend reinvestment plan will generally be treated as having received a distribution equal to the fair market value of such Shares on the date the Shares are credited to the Shareholder’s account.
A return of capital to Shareholders is a return of a portion of their original investment in the Fund, thereby reducing the tax basis of their investment. This reduction in tax basis may subject Shareholders to tax in connection with the sale of Shares, even if such Shares are sold at a loss relative to the Shareholder’s original investment.
It is expected that a substantial portion of the Fund’s income will consist of ordinary income. For example, interest and OID derived by the Fund are characterized as ordinary income for U.S. federal income tax purposes. In addition, gain derived by the Fund from the disposition of debt instruments with “market discount” (generally, securities with a fixed maturity date of more than one year from the date of issuance acquired by the Fund at a price below the lesser of their stated redemption price at maturity or accreted value, in the case of securities with OID) will be characterized as ordinary income for U.S. federal income tax purposes to the extent of the market discount that has accrued, as determined for U.S. federal income tax purposes, at the time of such disposition, unless the Fund makes an election to accrue market discount on a current basis. In addition, certain of the Fund’s investments will be subject to other special U.S. federal income tax provisions that may affect the character, increase the amount and/or accelerate the timing of distributions to Shareholders.
Distributions made by the Fund to a corporate Shareholder will qualify for the dividends-received deduction only to the extent that the distributions consist of qualifying dividends received by the Fund. In addition, any portion of the Fund’s dividends otherwise qualifying for the dividends-received deduction will be disallowed or reduced if the corporate Shareholder fails to satisfy certain requirements, including a holding period requirement, with respect to its Shares. Distributions of “qualified dividend income” to an individual or other non-corporate Shareholder will be treated as “qualified dividend income” to such Shareholder and generally will be taxed at long-term capital gain rates, provided the Shareholder satisfies the applicable holding period and other requirements. “Qualified dividend income” generally includes dividends from domestic corporations and dividends from foreign corporations that meet certain specified criteria. Given the Fund’s investment strategy, it is not expected that a significant portion of the distributions made by the Fund will be eligible for the dividends-received deduction or the reduced rates applicable to “qualified dividend income.”
Under newly issued final Treasury Regulations, regulated investment companies that receive business interest income may pass through its business interest income under Code section 163(j) as a “section 163(j) interest dividend.” A regulated investment company’s total section 163(j) interest dividend amount for a tax year is limited to the excess of the regulated investment company’s business interest income over the sum of its business interest expense and its other
deductions properly allocable to its business interest income. The final Treasury Regulations provide that a registered investment company shareholder that receives a section 163(j) interest dividend may treat the dividend as interest income for purposes of section 163(j), subject to holding period requirements and other limitations.
If a person acquires Shares shortly before the record date of a distribution, the price of the Shares may include the value of the distribution, and the person will be subject to tax on the distribution even though economically it may represent a return of his, her or its investment in such Shares.
Distributions paid by the Fund generally will be treated as received by a Shareholder at the time the distribution is made. However, the Fund may, under certain circumstances, elect to treat a distribution that is paid during the following tax year as if it had been paid during the tax year in which the income or gains supporting the distribution was earned. If the Fund makes such an election, the Shareholder will still be treated as receiving the distribution in the tax year in which the distribution is received. In this instance, however, any distribution declared by the Fund in October, November or December of any calendar year, payable to Shareholders of record on a specified date in such a month and actually paid during January of the following calendar year, will be treated for tax purposes as if it had been received by Shareholders on December 31 of the calendar year in which the distribution was declared.
The Fund will designate: (1) any distribution that constitutes a qualified dividend as qualified dividend income; (2) any tax-exempt distribution as an exempt-interest dividend; (3) any distribution of long-term capital gains as a capital gain dividend; (4) any dividend eligible for the corporate dividends received deduction; (5) any distribution that is comprised of qualified REIT dividend income as a Section 199A dividend; and (6) any distribution that constitutes excess Code section 163(j) interest income as a Code section 163(j) interest dividend as such in a written notice provided to shareholders after the close of the Fund’s taxable year. Shareholders receiving distributions in the form of additional Shares will receive a report as to the NAV of those Shares.
Sale or Exchange of Shares
The repurchase or transfer of Shares may result in a taxable gain or loss to the tendering Shareholder. Different tax consequences may apply for tendering and non-tendering Shareholders in connection with a repurchase offer. For example, if a Shareholder does not tender all of his, her, or its Shares, such repurchase may be treated as a dividend (as opposed to a sale or exchange) for U.S. federal income tax purposes, and may result in deemed distributions to non-tendering Shareholders. On the other hand, Shareholders holding Shares as capital assets who tender all of their Shares (including Shares deemed owned by Shareholders under constructive ownership rules) will be treated as having sold their Shares and generally will recognize capital gain or loss. The amount of the gain or loss will be equal to the difference between the amount received for the Shares and the Shareholder’s adjusted tax basis in the relevant Shares. Such gain or loss generally will be a long-term capital gain or loss if the Shareholder has held such Shares as capital assets for more than one year. Otherwise, the gain or loss will be treated as short-term capital gain or loss.
Losses realized by a Shareholder on the sale or exchange of Shares held as capital assets for six months or less will be treated as long-term capital losses to the extent of any distribution of long-term capital gains received (or deemed received, as discussed above) with respect to such Shares. In addition, no loss will be allowed on a sale or other disposition of Shares if the Shareholder acquires (including through reinvestment of distributions or otherwise) Shares, or enters into a contract or option to acquire Shares, within 30 days before or after any disposition of such Shares at a loss. In such a case, the basis of the Shares acquired will be adjusted to reflect the disallowed loss. Under current law, net capital gains recognized by non-corporate Shareholders are generally subject to U.S. federal income tax at lower rates than the rates applicable to ordinary income.
In general, U.S. Shareholders currently are generally subject to a maximum federal income tax rate of either 15% or 20% (depending on whether the Shareholder’s income exceeds certain threshold amounts) on their net capital gain (i.e., the excess of realized net long-term capital gains over realized net short-term capital losses), including any long-term capital gain derived from an investment in Shares. Such rate is lower than the maximum rate on ordinary income currently payable by individuals. Corporate U.S. Shareholders currently are subject to U.S. federal income tax on net capital gain at the maximum 21% rate also applied to ordinary income. Non-corporate Shareholders with net capital losses for a tax year (i.e., capital losses in excess of capital gains) generally may deduct up to $3,000 of such losses against their ordinary income each tax year. Any net capital losses of a non-corporate Shareholder in excess of $3,000 generally may be carried forward and used in subsequent tax years as provided in the Code. Corporate Shareholders generally may not deduct any net capital losses for a tax year, but may carry back such losses for three tax years or carry forward such losses for five tax years.
An additional 3.8% Medicare tax is imposed on certain net investment income (including ordinary dividends and capital gain distributions received from the Fund and net gains from repurchases or other taxable dispositions of Shares) of U.S. individuals, estates, and trusts to the extent that such person’s “modified adjusted gross income” (in the case of an individual) or “adjusted gross income” (in the case of an estate or trust) exceeds certain threshold amounts. U.S. persons that are individuals, estates, or trusts are urged to consult their tax advisors regarding the applicability of this tax to their income and gains in respect of their investment in the Fund.
The Fund (or if a U.S. Shareholder holds Shares through an intermediary, such intermediary) will send to each of its U.S. Shareholders, as promptly as possible after the end of each calendar year, a notice detailing, on a per Share and per distribution basis, the amounts includible in such U.S. Shareholder’s taxable income for such year as ordinary income and as long-term capital gain. In addition, the federal tax status of each year’s distributions generally will be reported to the IRS, including the amount of distributions, if any, eligible for the preferential maximum rate generally applicable to long-term capital gains. Distributions paid by the Fund generally will not be eligible for the corporate dividends received deduction or the preferential tax rate applicable to Qualifying Dividends because the Fund’s income generally will not consist of dividends. Distributions may also be subject to additional state, local and foreign taxes depending on a U.S. Shareholder’s particular situation.
Under Treasury regulations, if a Shareholder recognizes losses with respect to Shares of: (a) $2 million or more for an individual Shareholder in any single tax year or $4 million or more in any combination of tax years; or (b) $10 million or more for a corporate Shareholder in any single tax year or $20 million or more in any combination of tax years, the Shareholder must file with the IRS a disclosure statement on IRS Form 8886. Direct Shareholders of portfolio securities are in many cases excepted from this reporting requirement, but under current guidance, shareholders of a RIC are not excepted. Future guidance may extend the current exception from this reporting requirement to shareholders of most or all RICs. The fact that a loss is reportable under these regulations does not affect the legal determination of whether the taxpayer’s treatment of the loss is proper. Shareholders should consult their tax advisors to determine the applicability of these regulations in light of their individual circumstances.
Reporting of adjusted cost basis information is required for covered securities, which generally include shares of a RIC acquired after January 1, 2012, to the IRS and to taxpayers. Shareholders should contact their financial intermediaries with respect to reporting of cost basis and available elections for their accounts.
Backup Withholding and Information Reporting
Information returns will be filed with the IRS in connection with payments on Shares and the proceeds from a sale or other disposition of Shares. A Shareholder will be subject to backup withholding on all such payments if it fails to provide the payor with its correct taxpayer identification number (generally, in the case of a U.S. resident Shareholder, on an IRS Form W-9), make required certifications, or otherwise fails to establish an exemption from backup withholding. Corporate Shareholders and certain other Shareholders generally are exempt from backup withholding. Backup withholding is not an additional tax. Any amounts withheld as backup withholding may be credited against the applicable Shareholder’s U.S. federal income tax liability, provided the required information is timely furnished to the IRS.
Taxation of Non-U.S. Shareholders
Whether an investment in the Fund is appropriate for a non-U.S. Shareholder (as defined below) will depend upon that investor’s particular circumstances. An investment in the Fund by a non-U.S. Shareholder may have adverse tax consequences. Non-U.S. Shareholders should consult their tax advisors before investing in Shares.
The U.S. federal income taxation of a Shareholder that is a nonresident alien individual, a foreign trust or estate, or a foreign corporation, as defined for U.S. federal income tax purposes (a “non-U.S. Shareholder”), depends on whether the income that the Shareholder derives from the Fund is “effectively connected” with a U.S. trade or business carried on by the Shareholder.
If the income that a non-U.S. Shareholder derives from the Fund is not “effectively connected” with a U.S. trade or business carried on by such non-U.S. Shareholder, distributions of “investment company taxable income” (including any deemed distributions with respect to a repurchase offer) will generally be subject to a U.S. federal withholding tax at a rate of 30% (or a lower rate provided under an applicable treaty). Alternatively, if the income that a non-U.S. Shareholder derives from the Fund is effectively connected with a U.S. trade or business of the non- U.S. Shareholder, the Fund will not be required to withhold U.S. federal tax if the non-U.S. Shareholder complies with applicable certification and disclosure requirements, although such income will be subject to U.S. federal income tax in the manner described below
and at the rates applicable to U.S. residents. Backup withholding will not, however, be applied to payments that have been subject to this 30% withholding tax applicable to non-U.S. Shareholders.
A non-U.S. Shareholder whose income from the Fund is not “effectively connected” with a U.S. trade or business will generally be exempt from U.S. federal income tax on capital gains distributions, any amounts retained by the Fund that are designated as undistributed capital gains and any gains realized upon the sale or exchange of Shares. If, however, such a non-U.S. Shareholder is a nonresident alien individual and is physically present in the United States for 183 days or more during the tax year and meets certain other requirements such capital gains distributions, undistributed capital gains and gains from the sale or exchange of Shares will be subject to a 30% U.S. tax.
Furthermore, properly designated distributions by the Fund and received by non-U.S. Shareholders are generally exempt from U.S. federal withholding tax when they (a) are paid by the Fund in respect of the Fund’s “qualified net interest income” (i.e., the Fund’s U.S. source interest income, subject to certain exceptions, reduced by expenses that are allocable to such income), or (b) are paid by the Fund in connection with the Fund’s “qualified short-term capital gains” (generally, the excess of the Fund’s net short-term capital gains over the Fund’s long-term capital losses for such tax year). However, depending on the circumstances, the Fund may designate all, some or none of the Fund’s potentially eligible distributions as derived from such qualified net interest income or from such qualified short-term capital gains, and a portion of such distributions (e.g., derived from interest from non-U.S. sources or any foreign currency gains) would be ineligible for this potential exemption from withholding. Moreover, in the case of Shares held through an intermediary, the intermediary may have withheld amounts even if the Fund reported all or a portion of a distribution as exempt from U.S. federal withholding tax. To qualify for this exemption from withholding, a non-U.S. Shareholder must comply with applicable certification requirements relating to its non-U.S. tax residency status (including, in general, furnishing an IRS Form W-8BEN, IRS Form W-8BEN-E, IRS Form W-8ECI, IRS Form W-8IMY or IRS Form W-8EXP, or an acceptable substitute or successor form). Thus, an investment in the Shares by a non-U.S. Shareholder may have adverse tax consequences as compared to a direct investment in the assets in which the Fund will invest.
If the income from the Fund is “effectively connected” with a U.S. trade or business carried on by a non-U.S. Shareholder, any distributions of “investment company taxable income,” capital gains distributions, amounts retained by the Fund that are designated as undistributed capital gains and any gains realized upon the sale or exchange of Shares will be subject to U.S. income tax, on a net income basis, in the same manner, and at the graduated rates applicable to, U.S. persons. If such a non-U.S. Shareholder is a corporation, it may also be subject to the U.S. branch profits tax.
A non-U.S. Shareholder other than a corporation may be subject to backup withholding on net capital gains distributions that are otherwise exempt from withholding tax or on distributions that would otherwise be taxable at a reduced treaty rate if such Shareholder does not certify its non-U.S. status under penalties of perjury or otherwise establish an exemption.
If the Fund distributes net capital gains in the form of deemed rather than actual distributions, a non-U.S. Shareholder will be entitled to a U.S. federal income tax credit or tax refund equal to the Shareholder’s allocable share of the tax the Fund pays on the capital gains deemed to have been distributed. To obtain the refund, the non-U.S. Shareholder must obtain a U.S. taxpayer identification number and file a federal income tax return even if the non-U.S. Shareholder would not otherwise be required to obtain a U.S. taxpayer identification number or file a federal income tax return.
Under the Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act provisions of the Code, withholding of U.S. tax (at a 30% rate) is required on payments of taxable dividends made to certain non-U.S. entities that fail to comply (or be deemed compliant) with extensive reporting and withholding requirements in the Code designed to inform the U.S. Department of the Treasury of U.S.-owned foreign investment accounts. Shareholders may be requested to provide additional information to the Fund to enable the Fund to determine whether withholding is required.
The tax consequences to a non-U.S. Shareholder entitled to claim the benefits of an applicable tax treaty may differ from those described herein. Non-U.S. Shareholders are advised to consult their tax advisors with respect to the particular tax consequences to them of an investment in the Fund, including the potential application of the U.S. estate tax.
Other Taxes
Shareholders may be subject to state, local, and non-U.S. taxes applicable to their investment in the Fund. In those states or localities, entity-level tax treatment and the treatment of distributions made to Shareholders under those jurisdictions’ tax laws may differ from the treatment under the Code. Accordingly, an investment in Shares may have tax consequences for Shareholders that are different from those of a direct investment in the Fund’s portfolio investments. Shareholders are advised to consult their tax advisors with respect to the particular tax consequences to them of an investment in the Fund.
DESCRIPTION OF CAPITAL STRUCTURE AND SHARES
The Fund is an unincorporated statutory trust established under the laws of the State of Delaware upon the filing of a Certificate of Trust with the Secretary of State of Delaware on May 2, 2024. The Declaration of Trust provides that the Board may authorize an unlimited number of Shares. The Fund does not intend to hold annual meetings of its Shareholders.
Shares of Beneficial Interest
The Declaration of Trust, which has been filed with the SEC, authorizes the Fund’s issuance of an unlimited number of full and fractional Shares of beneficial interest, no par value. Shareholders will be entitled to the payment of Distributions when, as and if declared by the Board. The Fund currently intends to make dividend distributions to its Shareholders after payment of Fund operating expenses including interest on outstanding borrowings, if any, no less frequently than quarterly. Unless the registered owner of Shares elects to receive cash, all dividends declared on Shares will be automatically reinvested for Shareholders in additional Shares. See “Dividend Reinvestment Policy.” The 1940 Act may limit the payment of distributions to Shareholders.
Each whole Share shall be entitled to one vote as to matters on which it is entitled to vote pursuant to the terms of the Declaration of Trust on file with the SEC. Upon liquidation of the Fund, after paying or adequately providing for the payment of all liabilities of the Fund, and upon receipt of such releases, indemnities and refunding agreements as they deem necessary for their protection, the Trustees may distribute the remaining assets of the Fund among its Shareholders. The Shares are not liable to further calls or to assessment by the Fund. There are no pre-emptive rights associated with the Shares. The Declaration of Trust provides that the Shareholders are not liable for any liabilities of the Fund. Although shareholders of an unincorporated statutory trust established under Delaware law, in certain limited circumstances, may be held personally liable for the obligations of the Fund as though they were general partners, the provisions of the Declaration of Trust described in the foregoing sentence make the likelihood of such personal liability remote.
Share Classes
The Fund is registering an unlimited number of three classes of Shares of beneficial interest of the Fund on a continuous basis. The Fund is currently offering Class R Shares.
The Fund has applied for exemptive relief from the SEC to, among other things, permit the Fund to issue multiple classes of Shares, impose a Distribution and Servicing Fee, and assess early-withdrawal fees as applicable. There is no assurance, however, that the relief will be granted. Until such exemptive relief is granted, the Fund will only offer one class of Shares. An investment in any Share class of the Fund represents an investment in the same assets of the Fund. However, the minimum investment amounts, sales loads, if applicable, and ongoing fees and expenses for each Share class may be different. The fees and expenses for the Fund are set forth in “Summary of Fund Fees and Expenses.” The Fund may offer additional classes of Shares in the future. Until the Fund registers a new Share class, the Fund will only offer the Class A Shares, Class I Shares, and Class R Shares.
Outstanding Securities
The following table sets forth information about the Fund’s outstanding Shares as of _______, 2024:
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Title of Shares of Beneficial Interest | Amount Authorized | Amount Held by the Fund for its Own Account | Amount Outstanding |
Class A Shares | Unlimited | None | None |
Class I Shares | Unlimited | None | None |
Class R Shares | Unlimited | None | None |
ANTI-TAKEOVER PROVISIONS IN THE DECLARATION OF TRUST
The Declaration of Trust includes provisions that could have the effect of limiting the ability of other entities or persons to acquire control of the Fund or to change the composition of the Board, and could have the effect of depriving the Shareholders of an opportunity to sell their Shares at a premium over prevailing market prices, if any, by discouraging a third party from seeking to obtain control of the Fund. These provisions may have the effect of discouraging attempts to
acquire control of the Fund, which attempts could have the effect of increasing the expenses of the Fund and interfering with the normal operation of the Fund. Each Trustee is elected for an indefinite term and does not stand for reelection. The Board may separately decide to adopt term limits, although it is not required under the Declaration of Trust to do so. A Trustee may be removed from office without cause by a majority of the remaining Trustees. The Declaration of Trust does not contain any other specific inhibiting provisions that would operate only with respect to an extraordinary transaction such as a merger, reorganization, tender offer, sale or transfer of substantially all of the Fund's asset, or liquidation.
The Declaration of Trust includes provisions that could have the effect of limiting the ability of a Shareholder to bring a derivative action. In addition to the requirements of Delaware law, no Shareholder may bring a derivative or similar action or proceeding on behalf of the Fund to recover a judgment in its favor (a “Derivative Action”) unless certain requirements are met, including that, prior to the commencement of such Derivative Action, the complaining Shareholders have made a written demand on the Trustees requesting that the Trustees cause the Fund to file the action itself. The demand shall be executed by or on behalf of no less than three complaining Shareholders who together hold not less than ten percent (10%) of the outstanding Shares, none of which shall be related to (by blood or by marriage) or otherwise affiliated with any other complaining Shareholder (other than as Shareholders of the Fund). The written demand and conditions thereto, shall not apply to claims arising under federal securities law. Within 90 calendar days of the receipt of a Shareholder demand submitted in accordance with the requirements of Delaware law and the Declaration of Trust, the independent Trustees will consider the merits of the claim and determine whether maintaining a suit would be in the best interests of the Fund. This 90-day period may be extended by the Independent Trustees up to 60 calendar days. The Declaration of Trust provides that a complaining Shareholder whose demand is rejected or dismissed shall be responsible for the costs and expenses (including attorneys' fees) incurred by the Fund in connection with its consideration of the demand, however, such reimbursement of costs and expenses shall not apply to claims arising under federal securities laws. The Declaration of Trust provides that Shareholders irrevocably waive all right to trial by jury in any claim, suit, action or proceeding, including derivative actions. With the exception of claims arising under federal securities laws, the Declaration of Trust provides that claims must be brought exclusively in a Delaware state court, which could limit shareholder suits to an inconvenient and less favorable forum.
Reference should be made to the Declaration of Trust, which has been filed with the SEC for the full text of these provisions.
PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION
The Fund has applied for exemptive relief from the SEC that, if granted, will permit the Fund to issue multiple classes of shares and to impose a Distribution and Servicing Fee, there is no assurance, however, that the relief will be granted. At present, only Class R Shares are available for purchase. Upon receiving the exemptive relief, the Fund will also offer Class A Shares and Class I Shares, and may offer additional classes of shares in the future. Class A Shares and Class I Shares will not be offered to investors until the exemptive relief is obtained. Under the exemptive relief, the Fund will comply with the provisions of Rule 18f-3 under the 1940 Act as if it were an open-end investment company, including among others, its provisions related to differences in expenses, special allocations of other expenses, voting rights, conversions and exchanges and disclosures. In fact, the Fund will in many ways resemble an open-end fund in its manner of operation in the distribution of its Shares. The Fund has adopted a multi-class plan pursuant to Rule 18f-3 under the 1940 Act (“Multi-Class Plan”). Under the Multi-Class Plan, Shares of each class represent an equal pro rata interest in the Fund and, generally, have identical voting, dividend, liquidation, and other rights, preferences, powers, restrictions, limitations, qualifications and terms and conditions, except that: (a) each class has a different designation; (b) each class of Shares bears any class-specific expenses; and (c) each class shall have separate voting rights on any matter submitted to Shareholders in which the interests of one class differ from the interests of any other class, and shall have exclusive voting rights on any matter submitted to Shareholders that relates solely to that class.
Foreside Financial Services, LLC, located at Three Canal Plaza, Suite 100, Portland, ME 04101, serves as the Distributor of the Shares on a best efforts basis, subject to various conditions. The Shares are offered for sale through the Distributor at NAV. The Distributor also may enter into selling agreements with selling agents and certain other financial intermediaries for the sale and distribution of the Shares. These selling agents and other financial intermediaries may impose terms and conditions on investor accounts and investments in the Fund that are in addition to the terms and conditions set forth in this Prospectus. Any terms and conditions imposed by such selling agent or other financial intermediary, or operational limitations applicable to such parties, may affect or limit a Shareholder’s ability to purchase the Shares or tender the Shares for repurchase, or otherwise transact business with the Fund. The Shares will be offered at NAV per Share calculated each business day, plus any applicable sales load. The Shares are not subject to a sales
load, however, investors may be required to pay brokerage commissions on purchases or sales of the Shares to the selling agents and other financial intermediaries through which the Shares are purchased. Investors should consult with these dealer parties about the sales load and any additional fees or charges they might impose on each class of Shares in addition to any fees imposed by the Fund.
Shares will not be listed on any national securities exchange and the Distributor will not act as a market maker in Shares.
Distribution and Servicing Fee on Class A Shares
Class A Shares are subject to an ongoing Distribution and Servicing Fee to compensate financial industry professionals for distribution-related expenses, if applicable, and providing ongoing services in respect of clients who own Shares, as further discussed below. The maximum annual rates at which the Distribution and Servicing Fees may be paid under the Distribution and Servicing Plan (calculated as a percentage of the Fund’s average daily net assets attributable to the Class A Shares) is 0.50%, which reduce the NAV of Class A Shares. 0.25% of such fee is a shareholder service fee and the remaining portion is a distribution fee.
Under the Distribution and Servicing Plan, the Fund will pay the Distributor a Distribution and Servicing Fee for certain activities relating to the distribution of Class A Shares to investors and maintenance of Shareholder accounts. The Distribution and Servicing Plan operates in a manner consistent with Rule 12b-1 under the 1940 Act, which regulates the manner in which an open-end investment company may directly or indirectly bear the expenses of distributing its shares. Although the Fund is not an open-end investment company, it has undertaken to comply with the terms of Rule 12b-1 in accordance with the terms of the exemptive relief sought from the SEC.
Shareholder services for which the Distribution and Servicing Plan contemplate paying Distribution and Servicing Fees include, but are not limited to, the following functions: (i) answering Shareholder inquiries regarding account status and history, the manner in which purchases, exchanges and repurchases of Shares may be effected and certain other matters pertaining to the Shareholders’ investments; (ii) receiving, aggregating and processing shareholder orders; (iii) furnishing Shareholder sub-accounting; (iv) providing and maintaining elective Shareholder services such as check writing and wire transfer services; (v) providing and maintaining pre-authorized investment plans; (vi) communicating periodically with Shareholders; (vii) acting as the sole Shareholder of record and nominee for Shareholders; (viii) maintaining accounting records for Shareholders; (ix) answering questions and handling correspondence from Shareholders about their accounts; (x) issuing confirmations for transactions by Shareholders; (xi) performing similar account administrative services; (xii) providing such Shareholder communications and recordkeeping services as may be required for any program for which a financial intermediary is a sponsor that relies on Rule 3a-4 under the 1940 Act (i.e., a “wrap fee” program); and (xiii) providing such other similar services as may reasonably be requested to the extent a financial intermediary is permitted to do so under applicable statutes, rules, or regulations. The Distribution and Servicing Fee may be spent by the Distributor for the services rendered to holders of Class A Shares as set forth above, but will generally not be spent by the Distributor on recordkeeping charges, accounting expenses, transfer costs, or Custodian fees.
Additional Payments to Dealers
In addition to payments made by the Fund for distribution and shareholder servicing, the Adviser or its affiliates may make additional payments (“Additional Payments”) to certain selling or Shareholder servicing agents for the Fund, which includes broker-dealers. These Additional Payments are made in connection with the sale and distribution of Shares for services to the Fund and its Shareholders. These Additional Payments, which may be significant, are paid by the Adviser or its affiliates, out of their own resources, which may include profits derived from servicing the Fund. Such payments by such parties may create an incentive for these financial institutions to recommend that an investor purchase Shares.
In return for these Additional Payments, the Adviser expects to receive certain marketing or servicing advantages that are not generally available to funds that do not make such payments. Such advantages are expected to include, without limitation, placement of the Fund on a list of funds offered as investment options to the selling agent’s clients (sometimes referred to as “Shelf Space”); access to the selling agent’s registered representatives; and the ability to assist in training and educating the selling agent’s registered representatives.
Certain selling or shareholder servicing agents receive these Additional Payments to supplement amounts payable by the Fund under the Plan. In exchange, these agents provide services including, but not limited to, establishing and maintaining accounts and records; answering inquiries regarding purchases, exchanges and redemptions; processing and verifying purchase, redemption and exchange transactions; furnishing account statements and confirmations of transactions; processing and mailing monthly statements, prospectuses, shareholder reports and other SEC-required
communications; and providing the types of services that might typically be provided by the Transfer Agent (e.g., the maintenance of omnibus or omnibus-like accounts, the use of the National Securities Clearing Corporation for the transmission of transaction information and the transmission of shareholder mailings) or other service providers.
The Additional Payments may create potential conflicts of interests between an investor and a selling agent who is recommending a particular fund over other funds. Before investing, an investor should consult with their financial consultant and review carefully any disclosure by the selling agent as to what monies they receive from fund advisers and distributors, as well as how their financial consultant is compensated.
Choosing a Share Class
Through this Prospectus, the Fund is registering three classes of shares: Class A Shares, Class I Shares, and Class R Shares. The Fund currently offers only Class R Shares. The three classes of Shares represent interests in the same portfolio of investments and have the same rights and differ in the expenses to which they are subject. The decision as to which class of Shares is more beneficial to an investor depends on the amount of their investment. Not all financial intermediaries make all classes of Shares available to their clients. Third parties making Shares available to their clients determine which Share class(es) to make available.
Class A Shares. Class A Shares, when offered, can be purchased directly through the Distributor or through registered broker-dealers, banks, advisers and other financial institutions. Class A Shares are purchased at NAV and are subject to Distribution and Servicing Fee. Class A Shares are intended primarily for investors who meet the investment minimum for Class A Shares and investors investing through omnibus accounts held by financial intermediaries that have entered into arrangements with the Distributor to offer Class A Shares.
Class I Shares. Class I Shares, when offered, are sold at NAV and are not subject fees under the Distribution and Servicing Plan. Class I Shares can be purchased directly through the Distributor or other financial institutions, which may charge transaction fees with respect to an investor’s purchase. Class I Shares are intended for: (i) institutional investors (e.g., financial institutions, corporations, trusts, foundations), (ii) investors investing through omnibus accounts held by financial intermediaries that charge transaction fees and have entered into arrangements with the Distributor, (iii) current and former Trustees, and (iv) other investors that have been approved by the Fund or the Adviser.
The Fund may offer Class I Shares through platforms of brokers and other financial intermediaries that have agreements with the Distributor to offer such shares solely when acting as an agent for the investor.
Class R Shares. Class R Shares, when offered, are sold at NAV and are not subject to fees under the Distribution and Servicing Plan. Class R Shares can be purchased directly through the Distributor or other financial institutions, which may charge transaction fees with respect to an investor’s purchase. Class R Shares are intended for: (i) institutional investors (e.g., financial institutions, corporations, trusts, foundations), (ii) funds of funds, (iii) investors investing through omnibus accounts held by financial intermediaries that charge transaction fees and have entered into arrangements with the Distributor, and (iv) other investors that have been approved by the Fund or the Adviser.
Financial intermediaries may charge fees (including, without limitation, a commission) for investors’ purchases and/or redemptions, as determined by the financial intermediary. Therefore, investors should consider that other Share classes of the Fund are sold subject to different fees and expenses. Investors should discuss their share class purchase options with their financial intermediary representative.
How to Purchase Shares; Timing of Purchase of Shares
Investors may purchase Shares directly from the Fund in accordance with the instructions below. Investors will be assessed fees for returned checks and stop payment orders at prevailing rates charged by the Transfer Agent. Investors may buy and sell Shares through financial intermediaries and their agents that have made arrangements with the Fund and are authorized to buy and sell Shares (collectively, “Financial Intermediaries”). Orders will be priced at the Fund’s NAV (plus any applicable sales charge) next computed after it is received by a Financial Intermediary. A Financial Intermediary may hold shares in an omnibus account in the Financial Intermediary’s name or the Financial Intermediary may maintain individual ownership records. The Fund may pay the Financial Intermediary for maintaining individual ownership records as well as providing other Shareholder services. Financial Intermediaries may charge fees for the services they provide in connection with processing an investor’s transaction order or maintaining an investor’s account with them. Investors should check with their Financial Intermediary to determine if it is subject to these arrangements. Financial Intermediaries are responsible for placing orders correctly and promptly with the Fund and for forwarding payment promptly. Orders
placed with a Financial Intermediary before the close of regular trading (generally 4:00 p.m. Eastern Time) on a day that the NYSE is open for business will be priced at the Fund’s NAV (plus any applicable sales charge) next computed after it is received by the Financial Intermediary.
In compliance with the USA Patriot Act of 2001, the Transfer Agent will verify certain information on each subscription agreement. As requested on the subscription agreement, investors must supply full name, date of birth, Social Security number and residential street address. Mailing addresses containing only a P.O. Box will not be accepted. Investors may call the Transfer Agent at (888) 226-5595 for additional assistance when completing a subscription agreement.
If the Transfer Agent does not have a reasonable belief of the identity of a customer, the account will be rejected or the customer will not be allowed to perform a transaction on the account until such information is received. The Transfer Agent also may reserve the right to close the account within five business days if clarifying information/documentation is not received.
Share Class Conversions
Subject to the conditions set forth in this paragraph, Shareholders eligible to purchase Class I Shares may convert their Class A Shares to Class I Shares. Class R Shares may not be converted to Class A or Class I. Class A and Class I Shares may not be converted to Class R Shares. To qualify for a conversion, the Shareholder must satisfy the conditions for investing in Class I Shares (as described in this Prospectus and the Fund’s Statement of Additional Information). The Shareholder or Financial Intermediary making the conversion request must submit the request in writing. In addition, the Financial Intermediary or other responsible party must process and report the transaction as a conversion. The value of the Shares received during a conversion will be based on the relative NAV of the Shares being converted and the Shares received as a result of the conversion. It generally is expected that conversions will not result in taxable gain or loss.
By Mail
To make an initial purchase by mail, complete a subscription agreement and mail the application, together with a check made payable to Diamond Hill Securitized Credit Fund to:
Diamond Hill Securitized Credit Fund
P.O. Box 46707
Cincinnati, OH 45246
Telephone: (888) 226-5595
All checks must be in U.S. dollars drawn on a domestic bank. The Fund will not accept payment in cash or money orders. The Fund also does not accept cashier’s checks in amounts of less than $10,000. To prevent check fraud, the Fund will neither accept third-party checks, Treasury checks, credit card checks, traveler’s checks or starter checks for the purchase of shares, nor post-dated checks, post-dated on-line bill pay checks, or any conditional purchase order or payment.
It is the policy of the Fund not to accept subscription agreements under certain circumstances or in amounts considered disadvantageous to Shareholders. The Fund reserves the right to reject any subscription agreement.
By Wire — Initial Investment
To make an initial investment in the Fund, the Transfer Agent must receive a completed subscription agreement before an investor wires funds. Investors may mail or overnight deliver a subscription agreement to the Transfer Agent. Upon receipt of the completed subscription agreement, the Transfer Agent will establish an account. The account number assigned will be required as part of the instruction that should be provided to an investor’s bank to send the wire. An investor’s bank must include both the name of the Fund, the account number, and the investor’s name so that monies can be correctly applied. If an investor wishes to wire money to make an investment in the Fund, they should call the Fund at 1-888-226-5595 for wiring instructions and to notify the Fund that a wire transfer is coming. Any commercial bank can transfer same-day funds via wire. The Fund will normally accept wired funds for investment on the day received, if they are received by the Fund’s designated bank before the close of regular trading on the NYSE. An investor’s bank may charge them a fee for wiring same-day funds.
By Wire — Subsequent Investments
Wired funds must be received prior to 4:00 p.m. Eastern Time to be eligible for same day pricing. The Fund, and its agents, including the Transfer Agent and Custodian, are not responsible for the consequences of delays resulting from the banking or Federal Reserve wire system, or from incomplete wiring instructions.
Investment Minimum
The minimum initial investment for Class A Shares, Class I Shares, and Class R Shares is $2,500, $2,500 and $50 Million, respectively, and subsequent investments therein may be made in any amount. The Adviser may, in its sole discretion, waive these minimums for accounts participating in an automatic investment program and in certain other circumstances. The Fund may waive or lower investment minimums for investors who invest in the Fund through an asset-based fee program made available through a Financial Intermediary. The Financial Intermediary may also impose minimum requirements that are different from those set forth in this Prospectus. If an investor chooses to purchase Shares from or effect repurchase requests directly with the Fund, the investor will not incur charges on such purchases and repurchases. However, if an investor purchases Shares or effects repurchase requests through a broker-dealer or other Financial Intermediary, the investor may be charged a fee by that Financial Intermediary.
Other Policies
No Share Certificates. The issuance of Shares is recorded electronically on the books of the Fund. Each Shareholder will receive a confirmation of, or account statement reflecting, each new transaction in their account, which will also show the total number of Shares they own. Shareholders can rely on these statements in lieu of certificates. The Fund does not issue certificates representing Shares.
Customer Identification Program
To help the government fight the funding of terrorism and money laundering activities, federal law requires all financial institutions to obtain, verify and record information that identifies each person that opens a new account, and to determine whether such person’s name appears on government lists of known or suspected terrorists and terrorist organizations. As a result, the Fund must obtain the following information for each person that opens a new account:
• Name;
• Date of birth (for individuals);
• Residential or business street address (although post office boxes are still permitted for mailing); and
• Social Security number, taxpayer identification number, or other identifying information.
An investor may also be asked for a copy of their driver’s license, passport or other identifying document in order to verify their identity. In addition, it may be necessary to verify an investor’s identity by cross-referencing their identification information with a consumer report or other electronic database. Additional information may be required to open accounts for corporations and other entities. If an investor is opening the account in the name of a legal entity (e.g., partnership, limited liability company, business trust, corporation, etc.), they must also supply the identity of the beneficial owners.
Federal law prohibits the Fund and other financial institutions from opening a new account on behalf of a natural person unless they receive the minimum identifying information listed above. After an account is opened, the Fund may restrict an investor’s ability to purchase additional Shares until their identity is verified. The Fund may close an investor’s account or take other appropriate action if it is unable to verify their identity within a reasonable time. The Fund and its agents will not be responsible for any loss in an investor’s account resulting from the investor’s delay in providing all required identifying information or from closing an account and repurchasing an investor’s Shares when an investor’s identity is not verified.
In addition, the Fund may be required to “freeze” an investor’s account if there appears to be suspicious activity or if account information matches information on a government list of known terrorists or other suspicious persons.
Fund Closings
The Fund may close at any time to new investments and, during such closings, only the reinvestment of dividends by existing Shareholders will be permitted. The Fund may re-open to new investment and subsequently close again to new investment at any time at the discretion of the Adviser. Any such opening and closing of the Fund will be disclosed to investors via a supplement to this Prospectus.
Liquidation or Reorganization
To the extent authorized by law, the Fund reserves the right to discontinue offering Shares at any time, to merge or reorganize itself or a class of Shares, or to cease operations and liquidate at any time. A liquidation may have adverse tax consequences to Shareholders. If the Fund were to liquidate, Shareholders would receive a liquidating distribution in cash or in-kind equal to their proportionate interest in the Fund. A liquidating distribution would generally be a taxable event to Shareholders, resulting in a gain or loss for tax purposes, depending upon a Shareholder’s basis in their Shares. A Shareholder would not be entitled to any refund or reimbursement of expenses borne, directly or indirectly, by the Shareholder (such as Distribution and Servicing fees, account fees, or fund expenses), and a Shareholder may receive an amount in liquidation less than their original investment.
REPORTS TO SHAREHOLDERS
The Fund will send to its Shareholders unaudited semiannual and audited annual reports, including a list of investments held.
HOUSEHOLDING
In an effort to decrease costs, the Fund intends to reduce the number of duplicate annual and semiannual reports by sending only one copy of each to those addresses shared by two or more accounts and to Shareholders reasonably believed to be from the same family or household. Before doing so, the Fund will obtain the written consent of the affected Shareholder(s) or send the affected Shareholder(s) a separate written notification of its intent to do so. Once implemented, a Shareholder must call 1-888-226-5595 to discontinue householding and request individual copies of these documents. Once the Fund receives notice to stop householding, individual copies will be sent beginning 30 days after receiving the Shareholder’s request. This policy does not apply to account statements.
INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
Cohen & Company, Ltd. is the Fund's independent registered public accounting firm. Cohen & Company, Ltd. has offices located at 1350 Euclid Ave., Suite 800, Cleveland, Ohio 44115.
PRIVACY NOTICE
Notice of Privacy Policy for the Diamond Hill Securitized Credit Fund
We value you as a shareholder and take your personal privacy seriously. In order to enhance our ability to provide you with the best service possible, the Diamond Hill Securitized Credit Fund (referred to as "we" or "us" or the “Fund”) collects, uses, and shares certain information about you. This notice explains what information we collect and with whom we share it. The practices described in this notice are applicable to all shareholders, including prospective, current, and former shareholders. This notice also explains how we protect the security and confidentiality of certain shareholder information.
In some cases, you may provide personal information to us about another shareholder. In such cases, you should only do so if you have the authorization of such shareholder to provide us with this information and for us to use this information as set forth in this notice.
SAFEGUARDING PRIVACY
We maintain physical, electronic and procedural safeguards that comply with federal standards to ensure the safety of shareholder nonpublic personal information. In addition, we require service providers to maintain policies and procedures designed to assure only appropriate access to, and use of, information about shareholders and to maintain physical, electronic, and procedural safeguards that comply with federal standards to guard shareholder nonpublic personal information.
INFORMATION WE COLLECT AND SOURCES OF INFORMATION
We may collect information about our shareholders to help identify you, evaluate your application, service and manage your account and offer services and products you may find valuable. We collect this information from a variety of sources including information:
1.We receive from you on applications or other forms, such as your name, address, date of birth, social security number, and investment information;
2.About your transactions and experiences with us, such as your account balance, transaction history, and investment selections; and
3.You supply in written, telephonic or electronic communications with the Fund or Service Providers to the Fund.
INFORMATION WE SHARE
We do not disclose nonpublic personal information about current or former shareholders to any third parties, except as necessary to assist us in responding to inquiries, processing transactions, preparing and mailing account statements, to provide other forms of customer service, or as otherwise required by law.
PERSONALLY IDENTIFIABLE INFORMATION
We will not sell, share, or rent your personally identifiable information to any third parties in contravention of our Privacy Policy. Your information will not be disclosed for marketing purposes without your consent.
We do not collect any personally identifiable information from anyone who accesses or browses our website. We may contract with third parties to perform functions on our behalf, including operating certain features of our website, or hosting/maintaining servers used in connection with the website. We may disclose aggregate data about our website and visitors, but we will not disclose to third parties any information that could be used to identify you personally.
LINKS TO THIRD-PARTY WEBSITES
Our Privacy Policy applies only to our website, which may contain links to other third-party websites. Neither DHCM nor the Fund are responsible for the content or the use of these unrelated websites. If you access other websites using the links provided on our website, we encourage you to read the privacy policies specific to those websites before providing any of your personal information.
QUESTIONS?
Questions regarding our Privacy Policy may be directed to info@diamond-hill.com.
Investors should rely only on the information contained in this Prospectus. No dealer, salesperson or other individual has been authorized to give any information or to make any representations that are not contained in this Prospectus. If any such information or statements are given or made, investors should not rely upon such information or representations. This Prospectus does not constitute an offer to sell any securities other than those to which this Prospectus relates, or an offer to sell to, or a solicitation of an offer to buy from, any person in any jurisdiction where such an offer or solicitation would be unlawful. This Prospectus speaks as of the date set forth below. Investors should not assume that the delivery of this Prospectus or that any sale made pursuant to this Prospectus implies that the information contained in this Prospectus will remain fully accurate and correct as of any time subsequent to the date of this Prospectus.
DIAMOND HILL SECURITIZED CREDIT FUND
SHARES OF BENEFICIAL INTEREST
PROSPECTUS
___________, 2024
.
The information in this statement of additional information is not complete and may be changed. We may not sell these securities until the registration statement filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission is effective. This statement of additional information is not an offer to sell these securities and is not soliciting an offer to buy these securities in any state where the offer or sale is not permitted.
SUBJECT TO COMPLETION
Preliminary Statement of Additional Information
______________, 2024
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Diamond Hill Securitized Credit Fund | Class A | | Class I | | Class R |
| DSCAX | | DHCIX | | DSCRX |
Principal Office
325 John H. McConnell Blvd.
Suite 200
Columbus, Ohio 43215
This Statement of Additional Information (“SAI”) is not a prospectus. It should be read in conjunction with the Prospectus dated _________, 2024 (the “Prospectus”), as it may be supplemented from time to time. The Prospectus is hereby incorporated by reference into this SAI (legally made part of this SAI). Capitalized terms used but not defined in this SAI have the meanings given to them in the Prospectus. This SAI does not include all information that a prospective investor should consider before purchasing shares of the Fund.
You should obtain and read the Prospectus and any related Prospectus supplement prior to purchasing any of the Fund’s securities. A copy of the Prospectus may be obtained without charge by calling the Fund toll-free at 1-888-226-5595 or by visiting the Fund’s website www.diamond-hill.com/ documents. Information on the website is not incorporated herein by reference. You may obtain information about the Fund on a website maintained by the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC") at www.sec.gov that contains the Fund's SAI, material incorporated by reference, and other information regarding the Fund. Copies of these filings may be obtained, after paying a duplicating fee, by electronic request at the following e-mail address: publicinfo@sec.gov.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
| | | | | |
| PAGE |
GENERAL INFORMATION AND HISTORY | |
INVESTMENT OBJECTIVE AND POLICIES | |
MANAGEMENT OF THE FUND | |
CODES OF ETHICS | |
PROXY VOTING POLICIES AND PROCEDURES | |
CONTROL PERSONS AND PRINCIPAL HOLDERS | |
INVESTMENT ADVISORY AND OTHER SERVICES | |
PORTFOLIO MANAGER | |
REPURCHASE OF SHARES | |
ALLOCATION OF BROKERAGE | |
TAX STATUS | |
OTHER INFORMATION | |
INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM | |
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS | |
| |
GENERAL INFORMATION AND HISTORY
The Fund is a continuously-offered, non-diversified, closed-end management investment company that is operated as an interval fund. The Fund was organized as a Delaware statutory trust on May 2, 2024. The Fund’s principal office is located at 325 John H. McConnell Blvd., Suite 200, Columbus, Ohio 43215, and its telephone number is (888) 226-5595. The investment objective and principal investment strategies of the Fund, as well as the principal risks associated with the Fund's investment strategies, are set forth in the Prospectus. Certain additional investment information is set forth below. The Fund may issue an unlimited number of shares of beneficial interest. All shares of the Fund have equal rights and privileges. Each share of the Fund is entitled to one vote on all matters as to which shares are entitled to vote. In addition, each share of the Fund is entitled to participate, equally with other shares (i) in dividends and distributions declared by the Fund and (ii) upon liquidation, in the distribution of its proportionate share of the assets remaining after satisfaction of outstanding liabilities. Shares of the Fund are fully paid, non-assessable and fully transferable when issued and have no pre-emptive, conversion or exchange rights. Fractional shares have proportionately the same rights, including voting rights, as are provided for a full share. The Fund offers [three] classes of shares.
Diamond Hill Capital Management, Inc. (the “Adviser”) serves as the Fund's investment adviser.
INVESTMENT OBJECTIVES AND POLICIES
Investment Objective
The investment objective of the Fund is to maximize total return.
Fundamental and Nonfundamental Policies
The investment limitations described below have been adopted by the Fund and are fundamental (“Fundamental”), i.e., they may not be changed without the affirmative vote of a majority of the outstanding shares of the Fund. As used in the Prospectus and this Statement of Additional Information, the term “majority” of the outstanding shares of the Fund means the lesser of (1) 67% or more of the outstanding shares of the Fund present at a meeting, if the holders of more than 50% of the outstanding shares of the Fund are present or represented at such meeting; or (2) more than 50% of the outstanding shares of the Fund. Other investment practices that may be changed by the Board of Trustees without the approval of shareholders to the extent permitted by applicable law, regulation or regulatory policy are considered nonfundamental (“Nonfundamental”).
1. Borrowing Money. The Fund will not borrow money except to the extent consistent with the 1940 Act and the rules and regulations thereunder, or as may otherwise be permitted by the SEC or its staff pursuant to order or interpretation, or as may be permitted by other regulatory authorities with appropriate jurisdiction.
2. Senior Securities. The Fund will not issue senior securities. This limitation is not applicable to activities that may be deemed to involve the issuance or sale of a senior security by the Fund, provided that the Fund’s engagement in such activities is (a) consistent with or permitted by the 1940 Act the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder or interpretations of the Securities and Exchange Commission or its staff and (b) as described in the Prospectus and the Statement of Additional Information.
3. Underwriting. The Fund will not act as underwriter of securities issued by other persons. This limitation is not applicable to the extent that, in connection with the disposition of portfolio securities (including restricted securities), the Fund may be deemed an underwriter under certain federal securities laws.
4. Real Estate. The Fund will not purchase or sell real estate. This limitation is not applicable to investments in marketable securities that are secured by or represent interests in real estate. This limitation does not preclude the Fund from investing in mortgage-related securities or investing in companies engaged in the real estate business or that have a significant portion of their assets in real estate (including real estate investment trusts).
5. Commodities. The Fund will not purchase or sell commodities except to the extent consistent with the 1940 Act and the rules and regulations thereunder, or as may otherwise be permitted by the SEC or its staff pursuant to order or interpretation, or as may be permitted by other regulatory authorities with appropriate jurisdiction.This limitation does not preclude the Fund from purchasing or selling options or futures contracts, from investing in securities or other instruments backed by commodities or from investing in companies that are engaged in a commodities business or have a significant portion of their assets in commodities.
6. Loans. The Fund will not make loans except to the extent consistent with the 1940 Act and the rules and regulations thereunder, or as may otherwise be permitted by the SEC or its staff pursuant to order or interpretation, or as may be permitted by other regulatory authorities with appropriate jurisdiction.
7. Concentration. The Fund will not invest 25% or more of its total assets in the securities of one or more issuers conducting their principal business activities in the same industry, except as permitted by the 1940 Act, any exemptive order, SEC release, no-action letter or similar relief or interpretations.
In addition, the Fund has adopted a fundamental policy that it will make quarterly repurchase offers pursuant to Rule 23c-3 under the 1940 Act, as such rule may be amended from time to time, for no less than 5% of the Shares outstanding at NAV, unless suspended or postponed in accordance with regulatory requirements, and each repurchase pricing shall occur no later than the 14th day after the Repurchase Request Deadline (as defined in the Prospectus), or the next business day if the 14th day is not a business day.
With respect to the fundamental policy relating to concentration set forth in (7) above, the policy is not applicable to investments in obligations issued or guaranteed by the U.S. government, its agencies and instrumentalities or repurchase agreements with respect thereto. In addition, the Fund takes the position that agency mortgage-backed securities that are issued or guaranteed by the U.S. Government, its agencies or instrumentalities, non-agency residential mortgage-backed securities, commercial mortgage-backed securities, collateralized mortgage obligations or any asset-backed securities do not represent interests in any particular industry or group of industries and therefore the 25% concentration restriction noted above does not apply to such securities. The Fund does not look through underlying investment companies, such as mutual funds, when measuring industry concentration.
With respect to the percentages adopted by the Trust as maximum limitations on its investment policies and limitations, an excess above the fixed percentage will not be a violation of the policy or limitation unless the excess results immediately and directly from the acquisition of any security or the action taken. This paragraph does not apply to the borrowing policy set forth in paragraph 1 above.
With respect to paragraph 1 above, if asset coverage on borrowing at any time falls below 300% for the Fund, within three days (or such longer period as the SEC may prescribe by rule or regulation) that Fund shall reduce the amount of its borrowings to the extent that asset coverage of such borrowings will be at least 300%.
Notwithstanding any of the foregoing limitations, any investment company, whether organized as a trust, association or corporation, or a personal holding company, may be merged or consolidated with or acquired by the Trust, provided that if such merger, consolidation or acquisition results in an investment in the securities of any issuer prohibited by said paragraphs, the Trust shall, within ninety days after the consummation of such merger, consolidation or acquisition, dispose of all of the securities of such issuer so acquired or such portion thereof as shall bring the total investment therein within the limitations imposed by said paragraphs above as of the date of consummation.
The following limitations have been adopted by the Trust with respect to the Fund and are Nonfundamental (as defined above).
1. Pledging. The Fund will not mortgage, pledge, hypothecate or in any manner transfer, as security for indebtedness, any of its assets except as may be necessary in connection with borrowings described in limitation (1) above. Margin deposits, security interests, liens and collateral arrangements with respect to transactions involving options, futures contracts, short sales and other permitted investments and techniques are not deemed to be a mortgage, pledge or hypothecation of assets for purposes of this limitation.
2. Borrowing. The Fund will not purchase any security while borrowings (including reverse repurchase agreements) representing more than 5% of its total assets are outstanding.
3. Margin Purchases. The Fund will not purchase securities or evidences of interest thereon on “margin.” This limitation is not applicable to short term credit obtained by the Fund for the clearance of purchases and sales or redemption of securities, or to arrangements with respect to transactions involving options, futures contracts, short sales and other permitted investments and techniques.
4. Options. The Fund will not purchase or sell puts, calls, options or straddles, except as described in the Prospectus and the Statement of Additional Information.
Additional Information About Principal Investment Strategies
The Fund’s principal investment strategies and the risks associated with the same are described in the “Summary of Terms” and “Types of Investments and Related Risks” sections of the Prospectus. The following discussion provides additional information about those principal investment strategies and related risks, as well as information about investment strategies (and related risks) that the Fund may utilize, even though they are not considered to be “principal” investment strategies. Accordingly, an investment strategy (and related risk) that is described below, but which is not described in the Prospectus, should not be considered to be a principal strategy (or related risk) applicable to the Fund. The following discusses the types of investments that can be held by the Fund and the related types of risk are also listed. Below the list is an explanation of each type of risk.
| | | | | | | | |
Instrument | | Section |
Adjustable Rate Mortgage Loans (ARMs): Loans in a mortgage pool which provide for a fixed initial mortgage interest rate for a specified period of time, after which the rate may be subject to periodic adjustments. Risk Type: Credit, Interest Rate, Liquidity, Market, Political, Prepayment, Valuation
| | Mortgage-Related Securities |
Asset-Backed Securities: Securities secured by company receivables, home equity loans, truck and auto loans, leases and credit card receivables or other securities backed by other types of receivables or other assets. Risk Type: Consumer Loans, Credit, Interest Rate, Liquidity, Market, Political, Prepayment, Valuation
| | Asset-Backed Securities |
Auction Rate Securities: Auction rate municipal securities and auction rate preferred securities issued by closed-end investment companies. Risk Type: Credit, Interest Rate, Liquidity, Market
| | Auction Rate Securities |
Bank Obligations: Bankers’ acceptances, certificates of deposit and time deposits. Bankers’ acceptances are bills of exchange or time drafts drawn on and accepted by a commercial bank. Maturities are generally six months or less. Certificates of deposit are negotiable certificates issued by a bank for a specified period of time and earning a specified return. Time deposits are non-negotiable receipts issued by a bank in exchange for the deposit of funds. Risk Type: Credit, Currency, Interest Rate, Liquidity, Market, Political
| | Bank Obligations |
Borrowings: The Fund may borrow for temporary purposes and/or for investment purposes. Such a practice will result in leveraging of the Fund’s assets and may cause the Fund to liquidate portfolio positions when it would not be advantageous to do so. The Fund must maintain continuous asset coverage of 300% of the amount borrowed, with the exception for borrowings not in excess of 5% of the Fund’s total assets made for temporary administrative purposes. Risk Type: Credit, Interest Rate, Market
| | Borrowings |
Brady Bonds: Securities created through the exchange of existing commercial bank loans to public and private entities in certain emerging markets for new bonds in connection with debt restructurings. Risk Type: Credit, Interest Rate, Non-U.S. Investment, Market, Political
| | Non-U.S. Investments |
Call and Put Options: A call option gives the buyer the right to buy, and obligates the seller of the option to sell a security at a specified price at a future date. A put option gives the buyer the right to sell, and obligates the seller of the option to buy a security at a specified price at a future date. The Fund will sell only covered call and secured put options. Risk Type: Credit, Leverage, Liquidity, Management, Market
| | Options and Futures Transactions |
Commercial Paper: Secured and unsecured short-term promissory notes issued by corporations and other entities. Maturities generally vary from a few days to nine months. Risk Type: Credit, Interest Rate, Liquidity, Market, Political, Valuation
| | Commercial Paper |
Corporate Debt Securities: May include bonds and other debt securities of U.S. and non-U.S. issuers, including obligations of industrial, utility, banking and other corporate issuers. Risk Type: Credit, Currency, Interest Rate, Liquidity, Market, Political, Prepayment, Valuation
| | Fixed Income Securities |
Credit Default Swaps: A swap agreement between two parties pursuant to which one party pays the other a fixed periodic coupon for the specified life of the agreement. The other party makes no payment unless a credit event, relating to a predetermined reference asset, occurs. If such an event occurs, the party will then make a payment to the first party, and the swap will terminate. Risk Type: Credit, Currency, Interest Rate, Leverage, Liquidity, Management, Market, Political, Valuation
| | Swaps and Related Swap Products |
| | | | | | | | |
Instrument | | Section |
Custodial Receipts: The Fund may acquire securities in the form of custodial receipts that evidence ownership of future interest payments, principal payments or both on certain U.S. Treasury notes or bonds in connection with programs sponsored by banks and brokerage firms. These are not considered to be U.S. government securities. These notes and bonds are held in custody by a bank on behalf of the owners of the receipts. Risk Type: Credit, Liquidity, Market
| | Custodial Receipts |
Demand Features: Securities that are subject to puts and standby commitments to purchase the securities at a fixed price (usually with accrued interest) within a fixed period of time following demand by the Fund. Risk Type: Liquidity, Management, Market
| | Demand Features |
Emerging Market Securities: Securities issued by issuers or governments in countries with emerging economies or securities markets which may be undergoing significant evolution and rapid developments. Risk Type: Non-U.S. Investment, Currency
| | Non-U.S. Investments |
Exchange Traded Funds (“ETFs”): Ownership interest in unit investment trusts, depositary receipts, and other pooled investment vehicles that hold a portfolio of securities or stocks designed to track the price performance and dividend yield of a particular broad-based, sector or international index. ETFs include a wide range of investments such as iShares, SPDRs and NASDAQ 100s. Risk Type: Investment Company, Market
| | Investment Company Securities |
High Yield/High Risk Securities/Junk Bonds: Securities that are generally rated below investment grade by the primary rating agencies or are unrated but are deemed by the Fund’s adviser to be of comparable quality. High yield, high risk securities (also known as junk bonds) which are considered to be speculative. Risk Type: Credit, Interest Rate, High Yield Securities, Liquidity, Market, Political, Portfolio Quality, Valuation
| | Fixed Income Securities |
Illiquid Securities: An investment that cannot be disposed of within seven days in the normal course of business at approximately the amount at which it is valued by the fund. Securities may be illiquid due to contractual or legal restrictions on resale or lack of a ready market. Risk Type: Liquidity, Market
| | Private Placements, Restricted Securities and Other Unregistered Securities |
Inflation-Linked Debt Securities: Includes fixed and floating rate debt securities of varying maturities issued by the U.S. government as well as securities issued by other entities such as corporations, non-U.S. governments and non-U.S. issuers. Risk Type: Credit, Currency, Interest Rate, Political
| | Fixed Income Securities |
Inverse Floating Rate Instruments: Leveraged variable debt instruments with interest rates that reset in the opposite direction from the market rate of interest to which the inverse floater is indexed. Risk Type: Credit, Leverage, Market
| | Inverse Floaters and Interest Rate Caps |
Investment Company Securities: Shares of other investment companies. The Adviser (defined below) may waive certain fees to the extent required by law. Risk Type: Investment Company, Market
| | Investment Company Securities |
Loans: Fixed and floating rate instruments, including senior floating rate loans and secured and unsecured loans, second lien or more junior loans, and bridge loans or bridge facilities. Risk Type: Credit, Extension, Interest Rate, Non-U.S. Investment, Liquidity, Market, Political, Prepayment
| | Loans |
Loan Assignments and Participations: Assignments of, or participations in, all or a portion of loans to corporations or to governments, including governments of less developed countries. Risk Type: Credit, Extension, Interest Rate, Non-U.S. Investment, Liquidity, Market, Political, Prepayment
| | Loans |
Master Limited Partnerships (“MLPs”): Passive investment vehicles in which 80% to 90% of operating profits and losses are usually passed through the ownership structure to the limited partners. Risk Type: Interest Rate, Tax
| | Master Limited Partnerships |
Mortgages (Directly Held): Debt instruments secured by real property. Risk Type: Credit, Environmental, Extension, Interest Rate, Liquidity, Market, Natural Event, Political, Prepayment, Valuation
| | Mortgage-Related Securities |
| | | | | | | | |
Instrument | | Section |
Mortgage-Backed Securities: Debt obligations secured by real estate loans and pools of loans such as collateralized mortgage obligations (“CMOs”), commercial mortgage-backed securities (“CMBS”) and other asset-backed structures. Risk Type: Credit, Extension, Interest Rate, Leverage, Liquidity, Market, Political, Prepayment, Tax, Valuation
| | Mortgage-Related Securities |
Mortgage Dollar Rolls: A transaction in which the Fund sells securities for delivery in a current month and simultaneously contracts with the same party to repurchase similar but not identical securities on a specified future date. Risk Type: Extension, Interest Rate, Leverage, Liquidity, Market, Political, Prepayment
| | Mortgage-Related Securities |
Municipal Securities: Securities issued by a state or political subdivision to obtain funds for various public purposes. Municipal securities include, among others, private activity bonds and industrial development bonds, as well as general obligation notes, tax anticipation notes, bond anticipation notes, revenue anticipation notes, other short-term tax-exempt obligations, municipal leases, obligations of municipal housing authorities and single family revenue bonds. Risk Type: Credit, Interest Rate, Market, Natural Event, Political, Prepayment, Tax
| | Municipal Securities |
New Financial Products: New options and other financial products continue to be developed and the Fund may invest in such options and products. Risk Type: Credit, Liquidity, Management, Market
| | New Financial Products |
Non-U.S. Investments: Debt securities (e.g., bonds and commercial paper) of non-U.S. entities and obligations of non-U.S. branches of U.S. banks and non-U.S. banks. Non-U.S. securities also include American Depositary Receipts (“ADRs”), Global Depositary Receipts (“GDRs”), European Depositary Receipts (“EDRs”) and American Depositary Securities. Risk Type: Non-U.S. Investment, Currency, Liquidity, Market, Political, Prepayment
| | Non-U.S. Investments |
Obligations of Supranational Agencies: Obligations of agencies which are chartered to promote economic development and are supported by various governments and governmental agencies. Risk Type: Credit, Non-U.S. Investment, Liquidity, Political, Valuation
| | Non-U.S. Investments |
Options Transactions: The Fund may purchase and sell exchange traded and over-the-counter put and call options on securities, indexes of securities and interest rate swaps. Risk Type: Credit, Leverage, Liquidity, Management, Market
| | Options and Futures Transactions |
Private Placements, Restricted Securities and Other Unregistered Securities: Securities not registered under the Securities Act of 1933, such as privately placed commercial paper and Rule 144A securities. Risk Type: Liquidity, Market, Valuation | | Private Placements, Restricted Securities and Other Unregistered Securities |
Repurchase Agreements: The purchase of a security and the simultaneous commitment to return the security to the seller at an agreed upon price on an agreed upon date. This is treated as a loan. Risk Type: Credit, Liquidity, Market
| | Repurchase Agreements |
Reverse Repurchase Agreements: The sale of a security and the simultaneous commitment to buy the security back at an agreed upon price on an agreed upon date. This is treated as a borrowing by the Fund. Risk Type: Credit, Leverage, Market
| | Reverse Repurchase Agreements |
Securities Issued in Connection with Reorganization and Corporate Restructuring: In connection with reorganizing or restructuring of an issuer, an issuer may issue common stock or other securities to holders of its debt securities. Risk Type: Market | | Securities Issued in Connection with Reorganization and Corporate Restructuring |
Short-Term Funding Agreements: Agreements issued by banks and highly rated U.S. insurance companies such as Guaranteed Investment Contracts and Bank Investment Contracts. Risk Type: Credit, Liquidity, Market
| | Short-Term Funding Agreements |
Sovereign Obligations: Investments in debt obligations issued or guaranteed by a non-U.S. sovereign government or its agencies, authorities or political subdivisions. Risk Type: Credit, Non-U.S. Investment, Liquidity, Political, Sovereign, Valuation
| | Non-U.S. Investments |
| | | | | | | | |
Instrument | | Section |
Stripped Mortgage-Backed Securities: Derivative multi-class mortgage securities which are usually structured with two classes of shares that receive different proportions of the interest and principal from a pool of mortgage assets. These include Interest-Only (IO) and Principal-Only (PO) securities issued outside a Real Estate Mortgage Investment Conduit (“REMIC”) or CMO structure. Risk Type: Credit, Liquidity, Market, Political, Prepayment, Valuation
| | Mortgage-Related Securities |
Structured Investments: A security having a return tied to an underlying index or other security or asset class. Structured investments generally are individually negotiated agreements and may be traded over-the-counter. Structured investments are organized and operated to restructure the investment characteristics of the underlying security. Risk Type: Credit, Non-U.S. Investment, Liquidity, Management, Market, Valuation
| | Structured Investments |
Swaps and Related Swap Products: Swaps involve an exchange of obligations by two parties. Caps and floors entitle a purchaser to a principal amount from the seller of the cap or floor to the extent that a specified index exceeds or falls below a predetermined interest rate or amount. The Fund may enter into these transactions to manage its exposure to changing interest rates and other factors. Risk Type: Credit, Currency, Interest Rate, Leverage, Liquidity, Management, Market, Political, Valuation
| | Swaps and Related Swap Products |
Synthetic Variable Rate Instruments: Instruments that generally involve the deposit of a long-term tax exempt bond in a custody or trust arrangement and the creation of a mechanism to adjust the long-term interest rate on the bond to a variable short-term rate and a right (subject to certain conditions) on the part of the purchaser to tender it periodically to a third party at par. Risk Type: Credit, Liquidity, Market
| | Synthetic Variable Rate Instruments |
Temporary Strategies: To respond to unusual circumstances the Fund may invest in cash and cash equivalents for temporary defensive purposes. Risk Type: Credit, Interest Rate, Liquidity, Market
| | Temporary Strategies |
Trust Preferreds: Securities with characteristics of both subordinated debt and preferred stock. Trust preferreds are generally long term securities that make periodic fixed or variable interest payments. Risk Type: Credit, Currency, Interest Rate, Liquidity, Market, Political, Valuation
| | Trust Preferred Securities |
U.S. Government Agency Securities: Securities issued or guaranteed by agencies and instrumentalities of the U.S. government. These include all types of securities issued by Ginnie Mae, Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac, including funding notes, subordinated benchmark notes, CMOs and REMICs. It also includes securities of non-mortgage-related agencies such as TVA and SBA. Risk Type: Credit, Interest Rate, Government Securities, Market
| | Mortgage-Related Securities |
U.S. Government Obligations: May include direct obligations of the U.S. Treasury, including Treasury bills, notes and bonds, all of which are backed as to principal and interest payments by the full faith and credit of the United States, and separately traded principal and interest component parts of such obligations that are transferable through the Federal book-entry system known as Separate Trading of Registered Interest and Principal of Securities (“STRIPS”) and Coupons Under Book Entry Safekeeping (“CUBES”). Risk Type: Interest Rate, Market
| | Direct U.S. Government Obligations |
Variable and Floating Rate Instruments: Obligations with interest rates which are reset daily, weekly, quarterly or some other frequency and which may be payable to the Fund on demand or at the expiration of a specified term. Risk Type: Credit, Liquidity, Market, Valuation
| | Variable and Floating Rate Instruments |
| | | | | | | | |
Instrument | | Section |
When-Issued Securities and Forward Commitments: Purchase or contract to purchase securities at a fixed price for delivery at a future date. Risk Type: Credit, Leverage, Liquidity, Market, Valuation
| | When-Issued Securities and Forward Commitments |
Zero-Coupon, Pay-in-Kind and Deferred Payment Securities: Zero-coupon securities are securities that are sold at a discount to par value and on which interest payments are not made during the life of the security. Pay-in-kind securities are securities that have interest payable by delivery of additional securities. Deferred payment securities are zero-coupon debt securities which convert on a specified date to interest bearing debt securities. Risk Type: Credit, Interest Rate, Liquidity, Market, Political, Valuation, Zero-Coupon Securities
| | Zero Coupon, Pay-in-Kind and Deferred Payment Securities |
Explanation of Risk Types:
•Consumer Loans risk: The risk that financial obligations will not be met by borrowers, that there may be contractual restrictions on resale, that there may be extended settlement periods and that there may be improper practices due to the unregistered nature.
•Credit risk: The risk that a financial obligation will not be met by the issuer of a security or the counterparty to a contract, resulting in a loss to the purchaser.
•Currency risk: The risk that if the Fund invests in securities that trade in, and receive revenues in, non-U.S. currencies, it will be subject to the risk that those currencies will decline in value relative to the U.S. dollar.
•Environmental risk: The risk that an owner or operator of real estate may be liable for the costs associated with hazardous or toxic substances located on the property.
•Extension risk: The risk that a rise in interest rates will extend the life of a security to a date later than the anticipated prepayment date, causing the value of the investment to fall.
•Government securities risk: U.S. government securities are subject to market risk, fixed income risk and credit risk. Securities, such as those issued or guaranteed by Ginnie Mae or the U.S. Treasury, that are backed by the full faith and credit of the United States are guaranteed only as to the timely payment of interest and principal when held to maturity and the market prices for such securities will fluctuate. Circumstances could arise that would prevent the payment of interest or principal. Securities issued or guaranteed by certain U.S. government-related organizations are not backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. government and no assurance can be given that the U.S. government will provide financial support.
•High yield securities risk: High yield, high risk securities (also known as junk bonds) are subject to greater risk of loss, greater sensitivity to economic changes, valuation difficulties and a potential lack of a secondary or public market for securities.
•Interest rate risk: The risk that a change in interest rates will adversely affect the value of an investment. The value of fixed income securities generally moves in the opposite direction of interest rates (decreases when interest rates rise and increases when interest rates fall).
•Investment company risk: If the Fund invests in shares of another investment company, shareholders would bear not only their proportionate share of the Fund’s expenses, but also similar expenses of the investment company. The price movement of an investment company that is an ETF may not track the underlying index and may result in a loss.
•Leverage risk: The risk that gains or losses will be disproportionately higher than the amount invested.
•Liquidity risk: The risk that the holder may not be able to sell the security at the time or price it desires.
•Management risk: The risk that a strategy used by the Fund’s management may fail to produce the intended result. This includes the risk that changes in the value of a hedging instrument will not match those of the asset being hedged. Incomplete matching can result in unanticipated risks.
•Market risk: A variety of factors including interest rate levels, recessions, inflation, U.S. economic growth, war or acts of terrorism, natural disasters, political events and widespread public health issues affect the securities markets. This systemic risk is common to all investments and the mutual funds that purchase them.
•Natural event risk: The risk that a natural disaster, such as a hurricane or similar event, will cause severe economic losses and default in payments by the issuer of the security.
•Non-U.S. investment risk: The risk associated with higher transaction costs, delayed settlements, adverse economic developments, and exchange rate volatility. These risks are increased in emerging markets.
•Political risk: The risk that governmental policies or other political actions will negatively impact the value of the investment.
•Portfolio quality risk: The risks associated with below investment grade securities including greater risk of default, greater sensitivity to interest rates and economic changes, potential valuation difficulties, and sudden and unexpected changes in credit quality.
•Prepayment risk: The risk that declining interest rates will result in unexpected prepayments, causing the value of the investment to fall.
•Short sale risk: A Fund’s gain is limited to the amount at which it sold a security short, but its potential loss is not limited.
•Small and mid cap company risk: Investments in small cap and mid cap companies may be risker than investments in larger, more established companies.
•Sovereign risk: A government entity may delay payment, restructure its debt, or refuse to pay interest or repay principal on its sovereign debt. There is no legal process for collecting amounts owed on sovereign debt, such as bankruptcy proceedings, that a government does not pay.
•Tax risk: The risk that the issuer of the securities will fail to comply with certain requirements of the Internal Revenue Code, which could cause adverse tax consequences. Also the risk that the tax treatment of municipal or other securities could be changed by Congress thereby affecting the value of outstanding securities.
•Valuation risk: The risk that the estimated value of a security does not match the actual amount that can be realized if the security is sold.
•Zero-Coupon securities risk: The market value of these securities are generally more volatile than the market value of, and is more likely to respond to a greater degree to changes in interest rates than, other fixed income securities with similar maturities and credit quality that pay interest periodically. Actions required by federal income tax law may reduce the assets to which the Fund’s expenses could otherwise be allocated and may reduce the Fund’s rate of return.
Asset-Backed Securities
Asset-backed securities consist of securities secured by company receivables, home equity loans, truck and auto loans, leases, or credit card receivables. Asset-backed securities also include other securities backed by other types of receivables or other assets, including collateralized debt obligations (“CDOs”), which include collateralized bond obligations (“CBOs”), collateralized loan obligations (“CLOs”) and other similarly structured securities. Such assets are generally securitized through the use of trusts or special purpose corporations. Asset-backed securities are backed by a pool of assets representing the obligations often of a number of different parties. Certain of these securities may be illiquid.
Asset-backed securities are generally subject to the risks of the underlying assets. In addition, asset-backed securities, in general, are subject to certain additional risks including depreciation, damage or loss of the collateral backing the security, failure of the collateral to generate the anticipated cash flow or in certain cases more rapid prepayment because of events affecting the collateral, such as accelerated prepayment of loans backing these securities or destruction of equipment subject to equipment trust certificates. In addition, the underlying assets (for example, the underlying credit card debt) may be refinanced or paid off prior to maturity during periods of declining interest rates. Changes in prepayment rates can result in greater price and yield volatility. If asset-backed securities are pre-paid, the Fund may have to reinvest the proceeds from the securities at a lower rate. Potential market gains on a security subject to prepayment risk may be more limited than potential market gains on a comparable security that is not subject to prepayment risk. Under certain prepayment rate scenarios, the Fund may fail to recover additional amounts paid (i.e., premiums) for securities with higher interest rates, resulting in an unexpected loss.
A CBO is a trust or other special purpose entity (“SPE”) which is typically backed by a diversified pool of fixed income securities (which may include high risk, below investment grade securities). A CLO is a trust or other SPE that is typically collateralized by a pool of loans, which may include, among others, U.S. and non-U.S. senior secured loans, senior unsecured loans, and subordinate corporate loans, including loans that may be rated below investment grade or equivalent unrated loans. Although certain CDOs may receive credit enhancement in the form of a senior-subordinate structure, over-collateralization or bond insurance, such enhancement may not always be present and may fail to protect the Fund against the risk of loss on default of the collateral. Certain CDOs may use derivatives contracts to create “synthetic” exposure to assets rather than holding such assets directly, which entails the risks of derivative instruments described elsewhere in this SAI. CDOs may charge management fees and administrative expenses, which are in addition to those of the Fund.
For both CBOs and CLOs, the cash flows from the SPE are split into two or more portions, called tranches, varying in risk and yield. The riskiest portion is the “equity” tranche, which bears the first loss from defaults from the bonds or
loans in the SPE and serves to protect the other, more senior tranches from default (though such protection is not complete). Since it is partially protected from defaults, a senior tranche from a CBO or CLO typically has higher ratings and lower yields than its underlying securities, and may be rated investment grade. Despite the protection from the equity tranche, CBO or CLO tranches can experience substantial losses due to actual defaults, downgrades of the underlying collateral by rating agencies, forced liquidation of the collateral pool due to a failure of coverage tests, increased sensitivity to defaults due to collateral default and disappearance of protecting tranches, market anticipation of defaults, as well as investor aversion to CBO or CLO securities as a class. Interest on certain tranches of a CDO may be paid in kind or deferred and capitalized (paid in the form of obligations of the same type rather than cash), which involves continued exposure to default risk with respect to such payments.
The risks of an investment in a CDO depend largely on the type of the collateral securities and the class of the CDO in which the Fund invests. Normally, CBOs, CLOs and other CDOs are privately offered and sold, and thus are not registered under the securities laws. As a result, investments in CDOs may be characterized by the Fund as illiquid securities. However, an active dealer market may exist for CDOs, allowing a CDO to qualify for Rule 144A transactions. In addition to the normal risks associated with fixed income securities and asset-backed securities generally discussed elsewhere in this SAI, CDOs carry additional risks including, but not limited to: (i) the possibility that distributions from collateral securities will not be adequate to make interest or other payments; (ii) the risk that the collateral may default or decline in value or be downgraded, if rated by a nationally recognized statistical rating organization (“NRSRO”); (iii) the Fund may invest in tranches of CDOs that are subordinate to other tranches; (iv) the structure and complexity of the transaction and the legal documents could lead to disputes among investors regarding the characterization of proceeds; (v) the investment return achieved by the Fund could be significantly different than those predicted by financial models; (vi) the lack of a readily available secondary market for CDOs; (vii) risk of forced “fire sale” liquidation due to technical defaults such as coverage test failures; and (viii) the CDO’s manager may perform poorly.
Auction Rate Securities
Auction rate securities consist of auction rate municipal securities and auction rate preferred securities sold through an auction process issued by closed-end investment companies, municipalities and governmental agencies. For more information on risks associated with municipal securities, see “Municipal Securities” below.
Provided that the auction mechanism is successful, auction rate securities usually permit the holder to sell the securities in an auction at par value at specified intervals. The dividend is reset by “Dutch” auction in which bids are made by broker-dealers and other institutions for a certain amount of securities at a specified minimum yield. The dividend rate set by the auction is the lowest interest or dividend rate that covers all securities offered for sale. While this process is designed to permit auction rate securities to be traded at par value, there is the risk that an auction will fail due to insufficient demand for the securities. Since February 2008, numerous auctions have failed due to insufficient demand for securities and have continued to fail for an extended period of time. Failed auctions may adversely impact the liquidity of auction rate securities investments. Although some issuers of auction rate securities are redeeming or are considering redeeming such securities, such issuers are not obligated to do so and, therefore, there is no guarantee that a liquid market will exist for the Fund’s investments in auction rate securities at a time when the Fund wishes to dispose of such securities.
Dividends on auction rate preferred securities issued by a closed-end fund may be designated as exempt from federal income tax to the extent they are attributable to tax-exempt interest income earned by the closed-end fund on the securities in its portfolio and distributed to holders of the preferred securities. However, such designation may be made only if the closed-end fund treats preferred securities as equity securities for federal income tax purposes and the closed-end fund complies with certain requirements under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”).
The Fund’s investment in auction rate preferred securities of closed-end funds is subject to limitations on investments in other U.S. registered investment companies, which limitations are prescribed under the 1940 Act. Except as permitted by rule or exemptive order (see “Investment Company Securities” below for more information), the Fund is generally prohibited from acquiring more than 3% of the voting securities of any other such investment company, and investing more than 5% of the Fund’s total assets in securities of any one such investment company or more than 10% of its total assets in securities of all such investment companies. The Fund will indirectly bear its proportionate share of any management fees paid by such closed-end funds in addition to the advisory fee payable directly by the Fund.
Bank Obligations
Bank obligations consist of bankers’ acceptances, certificates of deposit, and time deposits.
“Bankers’ Acceptances” are negotiable drafts or bills of exchange typically drawn by an importer or exporter to pay for specific merchandise, which are “accepted” by a bank, meaning, in effect, that the bank unconditionally agrees to pay the face value of the instrument on maturity. Bankers’ acceptances invested in by the Fund will be those guaranteed by U.S. and non-U.S. banks and savings and loan associations having, at the time of investment, total assets in excess of $1 billion (as of the date of their most recently published financial statements).
“Certificates of Deposit” are negotiable certificates issued against funds deposited in a commercial bank or a savings and loan association for a definite period of time and earning a specified return. Certificates of deposit will be those of U.S. and non-U.S. branches of U.S. commercial banks which are members of the Federal Reserve System or the deposits of which are insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, and in certificates of deposit of U.S. savings and loan associations the deposits of which are insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation if, at the time of purchase, such institutions have total assets in excess of $1 billion (as of the date of their most recently published financial statements). Certificates of deposit may also include those issued by non-U.S. banks with total assets at the time of purchase in excess of the equivalent of $1 billion.
The Fund may also invest in Eurodollar certificates of deposit, which are U.S. dollar-denominated certificates of deposit issued by branches of non-U.S. and U.S. banks located outside the United States, and Yankee certificates of deposit, which are certificates of deposit issued by a U.S. branch of a non-U.S. bank denominated in U.S. dollars and held in the United States. The Fund may also invest in obligations (including banker’s acceptances and certificates of deposit) denominated in non-U.S. currencies (see “Non-U.S. Investments” herein).
“Time Deposits” are interest-bearing non-negotiable deposits at a bank or a savings and loan association that have a specific maturity date. A time deposit earns a specific rate of interest over a definite period of time. Time deposits cannot be traded on the secondary market and those exceeding seven days and with a withdrawal penalty are considered to be illiquid. The Fund utilizes demand deposits in connection with its day-to-day operations. Time deposits will be maintained only at banks or savings and loan associations from which the Fund could purchase certificates of deposit.
Borrowings
The Fund may borrow for temporary purposes and/or for investment purposes. Such a practice will result in leveraging of the Fund’s assets and may cause the Fund to liquidate portfolio positions when it would not be advantageous to do so. This borrowing may be secured or unsecured. If the Fund utilizes borrowings, for investment purposes or otherwise, it may pledge up to 33 ⅓% of its total assets to secure such borrowings. Provisions of the 1940 Act require the Fund to maintain continuous asset coverage (that is, total assets including borrowings, less liabilities exclusive of borrowings) of 300% of the amount borrowed, with an exception for borrowings not in excess of 5% of the Fund’s total assets made for temporary administrative or emergency purposes. Any borrowings for temporary administrative purposes in excess of 5% of the Fund’s total assets must maintain continuous asset coverage. If the 300% asset coverage should decline as a result of market fluctuations or other reasons, the Fund may be required to sell some of its portfolio holdings within three days to reduce the debt and restore the 300% asset coverage, even though it may be disadvantageous from an investment standpoint to sell securities at that time. Borrowing will tend to exaggerate the effect on net asset value of any increase or decrease in the market value of the Fund’s portfolio. Money borrowed will be subject to interest costs which may or may not be recovered by appreciation of the securities purchased. The Fund also may be required to maintain minimum average balances in connection with such borrowing or to pay a commitment or other fee to maintain a line of credit; either of these requirements would increase the cost of borrowing over the stated interest rate.
Commercial Paper
Commercial paper is defined as short-term obligations, generally with maturities from 1 to 270 days issued by banks or bank holding companies, corporations and finance companies. Although commercial paper is generally unsecured, the Fund may also purchase secured commercial paper. In the event of a default of an issuer of secured commercial paper, the Fund may hold the securities and other investments that were pledged as collateral even if it does not invest in such securities or investments. In such a case, the Fund would take steps to dispose of such securities or investments in a commercially reasonable manner. Commercial paper includes master demand obligations. See “Variable and Floating Rate Instruments” below.
The Fund may also invest in Canadian commercial paper, which is commercial paper issued by a Canadian corporation or a Canadian counterpart of a U.S. corporation, and in Europaper, which is U.S. dollar denominated commercial paper of a non-U.S. issuer. See “Risk Factors of Non-U.S. Investments” below.
Custodial Receipts
The Fund may acquire securities in the form of custodial receipts that evidence ownership of future interest payments, principal payments or both on certain U.S. Treasury notes or bonds in connection with programs sponsored by banks and brokerage firms. These are not considered U.S. government securities and are not backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. government. These notes and bonds are held in custody by a bank on behalf of the owners of the receipts.
Demand Features
The Fund may acquire securities that are subject to puts and standby commitments (“Demand Features”) to purchase the securities at their principal amount (usually with accrued interest) within a fixed period (usually seven days) following a demand by the Fund. The Demand Feature may be issued by the issuer of the underlying securities, a dealer in the securities or by another third party and may not be transferred separately from the underlying security. The underlying securities subject to a put may be sold at any time at market rates. The Fund expects that they will acquire puts only where the puts are available without the payment of any direct or indirect consideration. However, if advisable or necessary, a premium may be paid for put features. A premium paid will have the effect of reducing the yield otherwise payable on the underlying security. Demand Features provided by non-U.S. banks involve certain risks associated with non-U.S. investments. See “Non-U.S. Investments” for more information on these risks.
Under a “stand-by commitment,” a dealer would agree to purchase, at the Fund’s option, specified securities at a specified price. The Fund will acquire these commitments solely to facilitate portfolio liquidity and does not intend to exercise its rights thereunder for trading purposes. Stand-by commitments may also be referred to as put options.
The purpose of engaging in transactions involving puts is to maintain flexibility and liquidity to permit the Fund to meet redemption requests and remain as fully invested as possible.
Fixed Income Securities
Below Investment Grade Securities. Securities that were rated investment grade at the time of purchase may subsequently be rated below investment grade by nationally recognized statistical rating organizations (“NRSROs”). The high degree of risk involved in these investments can result in substantial or total losses. These securities are subject to greater risk of loss, greater sensitivity to interest rate and economic changes, valuation difficulties, and a potential lack of a secondary or public market for securities. The market price of these securities also can change suddenly and unexpectedly.
Corporate Debt Securities. The Fund may invest in debt securities of corporate issuers. In addition to corporate bonds, the Fund may invest in debt securities such as trust preferred securities. U.S. Government and Agency securities and mortgage or asset-backed securities. All debt securities are subject to the risk of an issuer’s inability to meet principal and interest payments on the obligation and may also be subject to price volatility due to such factors as market interest rates, market perception of the creditworthiness of the issuer and general market liquidity. For example, higher ranking (senior) debt securities have a higher repayment priority than lower ranking (subordinated) debt securities. Fixed income securities with greater interest rate sensitivity and longer maturities tend to produce higher yields, but are subject to greater fluctuations in value. Usually, changes in the value of fixed income securities will not affect cash income generated, but may affect the value of your investment.
High Yield/High Risk Securities/Junk Bonds. High yield, high risk bonds are securities that are generally rated below investment grade by the primary rating agencies (BB+ or lower by S&P and Bal or lower by Moody’s) or unrated but determined by the Adviser to be of comparable quality. Other terms used to describe such securities include “lower rated bonds,” “non-investment grade bonds,” “below investment grade bonds,” and “junk bonds.” These securities are considered to be high-risk investments.
High yield securities are regarded as predominately speculative. There is a greater risk that issuers of lower rated securities will default than issuers of higher rated securities. Issuers of lower rated securities generally are less creditworthy and may be highly indebted, financially distressed, or bankrupt. These issuers are more vulnerable to real or perceived economic changes, political changes or adverse industry developments. In addition, high yield securities are frequently subordinated to the prior payment of senior indebtedness. If an issuer fails to pay principal or interest, the Fund would experience a decrease in income and a decline in the market value of its investments. The Fund may also incur additional expenses in seeking recovery from the issuer.
The income and market value of lower rated securities may fluctuate more than higher rated securities. Non-investment grade securities are more sensitive to short-term corporate, economic and market developments. During periods of economic uncertainty and change, the market price of the investments in lower rated securities may be volatile. The default rate for high yield bonds tends to be cyclical, with defaults rising in periods of economic downturn.
It is often more difficult to value lower rated securities than higher rated securities. If an issuer’s financial condition deteriorates, accurate financial and business information may be limited or unavailable. The lower rated investments may be thinly traded and there may be no established secondary market. Because of the lack of market pricing and current information for investments in lower rated securities, valuation of such investments is much more dependent on the judgment of the Adviser than is the case with higher rated securities. In addition, relatively few institutional purchasers may hold a major portion of an issue of lower-rated securities at times. As a result, the Fund that invests in lower rated securities may be required to sell investments at substantial losses or retain them indefinitely even where an issuer’s financial condition is deteriorating.
Credit quality of non-investment grade securities can change suddenly and unexpectedly, and even recently issued credit ratings may not fully reflect the actual risks posed by a particular high-yield security.
Future legislation may have a possible negative impact on the market for high yield, high risk bonds. As an example, in the late 1980s, legislation required federally-insured savings and loan associations to divest their investments in high yield, high risk bonds. New legislation, if enacted, could have a material negative effect on the Fund’s investments in lower rated securities.
Inflation-Linked Debt Securities. Inflation-linked securities include fixed and floating rate debt securities of varying maturities issued by the U.S. government, its agencies and instrumentalities, such as Treasury Inflation Protected Securities (“TIPS”), as well as securities issued by other entities such as corporations, municipalities, non-U.S. governments and non-U.S. issuers, including non-U.S. issuers from emerging markets. See also “Non-U.S. Investments.” Typically, such securities are structured as fixed income investments whose principal value is periodically adjusted according to the rate of inflation. The following two structures are common: (i) the U.S. Treasury and some other issuers issue inflation-linked securities that accrue inflation into the principal value of the security and (ii) other issuers may pay out the Consumer Price Index (“CPI”) accruals as part of a semi-annual coupon. Other types of inflation-linked securities exist which use an inflation index other than the CPI.
Inflation-linked securities issued by the U.S. Treasury, such as TIPS, have maturities of approximately five, ten or thirty years, although it is possible that securities with other maturities will be issued in the future. Typically, TIPS pay interest on a semi-annual basis equal to a fixed percentage of the inflation-adjusted principal amount. For example, if the Fund purchased an inflation-indexed bond with a par value of $1,000 and a 3% real rate of return coupon (payable 1.5% semi-annually), and the rate of inflation over the first six months was 1%, the mid-year par value of the bond would be $1,010 and the first semi-annual interest payment would be $15.15 ($1,010 times 1.5%). If inflation during the second half of the year resulted in the whole year’s inflation of 3%, the end-of-year par value of the bond would be $1,030 and the second semi-annual interest payment would be $15.45 ($1,030 times 1.5%).
If the periodic adjustment rate measuring inflation falls, the principal value of inflation-indexed bonds will be adjusted downward, and consequently the interest payable on these securities (calculated with respect to a smaller principal amount) will be reduced. Repayment of the original bond principal upon maturity (as adjusted for inflation) is guaranteed in the case of TIPS, even during a period of deflation, although the inflation-adjusted principal received could be less than the inflation-adjusted principal that had accrued to the bond at the time of purchase. However, the current market value of the bonds is not guaranteed and will fluctuate. Other inflation- related bonds exist which may or may not provide a similar guarantee. If a guarantee of principal is not provided, the adjusted principal value of the bond repaid at maturity may be less than the original principal.
The value of inflation-linked securities is expected to change in response to changes in real interest rates. Real interest rates in turn are tied to the relationship between nominal interest rates and the rate of inflation. Therefore, if the rate of inflation rises at a faster rate than nominal interest rates, real interest rates might decline, leading to an increase in value of inflation-linked securities.
While inflation-linked securities are expected to be protected from long-term inflationary trends, short-term increases in inflation may lead to a decline in value. If interest rates rise due to reasons other than inflation (for example, due to changes in currency exchange rates), investors in these securities may not be protected to the extent that the increase is not reflected in the bond’s inflation measure.
The periodic adjustment of U.S. inflation-linked securities is tied to the Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (“CPI-U”), which is not seasonally adjusted and which is calculated monthly by the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. The CPI-U is a measurement of changes in the cost of living, made up of components such as housing, food, transportation and energy. Inflation-linked securities issued by a non-U.S. government are generally adjusted to reflect a comparable inflation index calculated by that government. There can be no assurance that the CPI-U or a non-U.S. inflation index will accurately measure the real rate of inflation in the prices of goods and services. Moreover, there can be no assurance that the rate of inflation in a non-U.S. country will be correlated to the rate of inflation in the U.S.
Any increase in the principal amount of an inflation-linked security will be considered taxable ordinary income, even though investors do not receive their principal until maturity.
Inverse Floaters and Interest Rate Caps
Inverse floaters are instruments whose interest rates bear an inverse relationship to the interest rate on another security or the value of an index. The market value of an inverse floater will vary inversely with changes in market interest rates and will be more volatile in response to interest rate changes than that of a fixed rate obligation. Interest rate caps are financial instruments under which payments occur if an interest rate index exceeds a certain predetermined interest rate level, known as the cap rate, which is tied to a specific index. These financial products will be more volatile in price than securities which do not include such a structure.
Investment Company Securities
The Fund may invest in securities issued by other investment companies. Such securities will be acquired by the Fund to the extent permitted by the 1940 Act and consistent with its investment objective and strategies. As a shareholder of another investment company, the Fund would bear, along with other shareholders, its pro rata portion of the other investment company’s expenses, including management fees. These expenses would be in addition to the advisory and other expenses that the Fund bears directly in connection with its own operations.
The Fund may also invest in various ETFs, open-end, and closed-end funds, subject to the Fund’s investment objective, policies and strategies. Closed-end investment companies are a type of investment company the shares of which are not redeemable by the issuing investment company. The value of the shares is set by the transactions on the secondary market and may be higher or lower than the value of the portfolio securities that make up the closed-end investment company. The Fund also will incur brokerage costs when it purchases ETFs and closed-end funds. Furthermore, investments in other funds could affect the timing, amount and character of distributions to shareholders and therefore may increase the amount of taxes payable by investors in the Fund.
Closed-end investment companies may trade infrequently, with small volume, which may make it difficult for the Fund to buy and sell shares. Also, the market price of closed-end investment companies tends to rise more in response to buying demand and fall more in response to selling pressure than is the case with larger capitalization companies. Closed-end funds may trade at a premium or discount which means that the price in the secondary market may be higher or lower than the calculated net asset value.
Closed-end investment companies may issue senior securities (including preferred stock and debt obligations) for the purpose of leveraging the closed-end fund’s common shares in an attempt to enhance the current return to such closed-end fund’s common shareholders. The Fund’s investment in the common shares of closed-end funds that are financially leveraged may create an opportunity for greater total return on the Fund’s investment, but at the same time the closed-end fund may be expected to exhibit more volatility in market price and net asset value than an investment in shares of investment companies without a leveraged capital structure.
Closed-end investment companies in which the Fund invests may issue auction preferred shares (“APS”). The dividend rate for the APS normally is set through an auction process. In the auction, holders of APS may indicate the dividend rate at which they would be willing to hold or sell their APS or purchase additional APS. The auction also provides liquidity for the sale of APS. The Fund may not be able to sell its APS at an auction if the auction fails. An auction fails if there are more APS offered for sale than there are buyers. A closed-end fund may not be obligated to purchase APS in an auction or otherwise, nor may the closed-end fund be required to redeem APS in the event of a failed auction. As a result, the Fund’s investment in APS may be illiquid. In addition, if the Fund buys APS or elects to retain APS without specifying a dividend rate below which it would not wish to buy or continue to hold those APS, the Fund could receive a lower rate of return on its APS than the market rate.
The price movement of an ETF may not track the underlying index and may result in a loss. Both ETFs and closed-end funds, like stocks, trade on exchanges such as the NYSE. Both are priced continuously and trade throughout the day.
Loans
Loans may include senior floating rate loans (“Senior Loans”) and secured and unsecured loans, second lien or more junior loans (“Junior Loans”) and bridge loans or bridge facilities (“Bridge Loans”). Loans are typically arranged through private negotiations between borrowers in the U.S. or in non-U.S. or emerging markets which may be corporate issuers or issuers of sovereign debt obligations (“Obligors”) and one or more financial institutions and other lenders (“Lenders”). Generally, the Fund invests in Loans by purchasing assignments of all or a portion of Loans (“Assignments”) or Loan participations (“Participations”) from third parties.
The Fund has direct rights against the Obligor on the Loan when it purchases an Assignment. Because Assignments are arranged through private negotiations between potential assignees and potential assignors, however, the rights and obligations acquired by the Fund as the purchaser of an Assignment may differ from, and be more limited than, those held by the assigning Lender. With respect to Participations, typically, the Fund will have a contractual relationship only with the Lender and not with the Obligor. The agreement governing Participations may limit the rights of the Fund to vote on certain changes which may be made to the Loan agreement, such as waiving a breach of a covenant. However, the holder of a Participation will generally have the right to vote on certain fundamental issues such as changes in principal amount, payment dates and interest rate. Participations may entail certain risks relating to the creditworthiness of the parties from which the participations are obtained.
A Loan is typically originated, negotiated and structured by a U.S. or non-U.S. commercial bank, insurance company, finance company or other financial institution (the “Agent”) for a group of Loan investors. The Agent typically administers and enforces the Loan on behalf of the other Loan investors in the syndicate. The Agent’s duties may include responsibility for the collection of principal and interest payments from the Obligor and the apportionment of these payments to the credit of all Loan investors. The Agent is also typically responsible for monitoring compliance with the covenants contained in the Loan agreement based upon reports prepared by the Obligor. In addition, an institution, typically but not always the Agent, holds any collateral on behalf of the Loan investors. In the event of a default by the Obligor, it is possible, though unlikely, that the Fund could receive a portion of the borrower’s collateral. If the Fund receives collateral other than cash, any proceeds received from liquidation of such collateral will be available for investment as part of the Fund’s portfolio.
In the process of buying, selling and holding Loans, the Fund may receive and/or pay certain fees. These fees are in addition to interest payments received and may include facility fees, commitment fees, commissions and prepayment penalty fees. When the Fund buys or sells a Loan it may pay a fee. In certain circumstances, the Fund may receive a prepayment penalty fee upon prepayment of a Loan.
Additional Information concerning Senior Loans. Senior Loans typically hold the most senior position in the capital structure of the Obligor, are typically secured with specific collateral and have a claim on the assets and/or stock of the Obligor that is senior to that held by subordinated debtholders and shareholders of the Obligor. Collateral for Senior Loans may include (i) working capital assets, such as accounts receivable and inventory;
(ii) tangible fixed assets, such as real property, buildings and equipment; (iii) intangible assets, such as trademarks and patent rights; and/or (iv) security interests in shares of stock of subsidiaries or affiliates.
Additional Information concerning Junior Loans. Junior Loans include secured and unsecured loans including subordinated loans, second lien and more junior loans, and bridge loans. Second lien and more junior loans (“Junior Lien Loans”) are generally second or further in line in terms of repayment priority. In addition, Junior Lien Loans may have a claim on the same collateral pool as the first lien or other more senior liens or may be secured by a separate set of assets. Junior Loans generally give investors priority over general unsecured creditors in the event of an asset sale.
Additional Information concerning Bridge Loans. Bridge Loans are short-term loan arrangements (e.g., 12 to 18 months) typically made by an Obligor in anticipation of intermediate-term or long-term permanent financing. Most Bridge Loans are structured as floating-rate debt with step-up provisions under which the interest rate on the Bridge Loan rises the longer the Loan remains outstanding. In addition, Bridge Loans commonly contain a conversion feature that allows the Bridge Loan investor to convert its Loan interest to senior exchange notes if the Loan has not been prepaid in full on or prior to its maturity date. Bridge Loans typically are structured as Senior Loans but may be structured as Junior Loans.
Additional Information concerning Unfunded Commitments. Unfunded commitments are contractual obligations pursuant to which the Fund agrees to invest in a Loan at a future date. Typically, the Fund receives a commitment fee for entering into the Unfunded Commitment.
Additional Information concerning Synthetic Letters of Credit. Loans include synthetic letters of credit. In a synthetic letter of credit transaction, the Lender typically creates a special purpose entity or a credit-linked deposit account for the purpose of funding a letter of credit to the borrower. When the Fund invests in a synthetic letter of credit, the Fund is typically paid a rate based on the Lender’s borrowing costs and the terms of the synthetic letter of credit. Synthetic letters of credit are typically structured as Assignments with the Fund acquiring direct rights against the Obligor.
Additional Information concerning Loan Originations. In addition to investing in loan assignments and participations, the Fund may originate Loans in which the Fund would lend money directly to a borrower by investing in limited liability companies or corporations that make loans directly to borrowers. The terms of the Loans are negotiated with borrowers in private transactions. Such Loans would be collateralized, typically with tangible fixed assets such as real property or interests in real property. Such Loans may also include mezzanine loans. Unlike Loans secured by a mortgage on real property, mezzanine loans are collateralized by an equity interest in a special purpose vehicle that owns the real property.
Limitations on Investments in Loan Assignments and Participations. If a government entity is a borrower on a Loan, the Fund will consider the government to be the issuer of an Assignment or Participation for purposes of the Fund’s fundamental investment policy that it will not invest 25% or more of its total assets in securities of issuers conducting their principal business activities in the same industry (i.e., non-U.S. government).
Risk Factors of Loans. Loans are subject to the risks associated with debt obligations in general including interest rate risk, credit risk and market risk. When a Loan is acquired from a Lender, the risk includes the credit risk associated with the Obligor of the underlying Loan. The Fund may incur additional credit risk when the Fund acquires a participation in a Loan from another lender because the Fund must assume the risk of insolvency or bankruptcy of the other lender from which the Loan was acquired. To the extent that Loans involve Obligors in non-U.S. or emerging markets, such Loans are subject to the risks associated with non-U.S. investments or investments in emerging markets in general. The following outlines some of the additional risks associated with Loans.
High Yield Securities Risk. The Loans that the Fund invests in may not be rated by an NRSRO, will not be registered with the SEC or any state securities commission and will not be listed on any national securities exchange. To the extent that such high yield Loans are rated, they typically will be rated below investment grade and are subject to an increased risk of default in the payment of principal and interest as well as the other risks described under “High Yield/High Risk Securities/Junk Bonds.” Loans are vulnerable to market sentiment such that economic conditions or other events may reduce the demand for Loans and cause their value to decline rapidly and unpredictably.
Liquidity Risk. Loans that are deemed to be liquid at the time of purchase may become illiquid or less liquid. No active trading market may exist for certain Loans and certain Loans may be subject to restrictions on resale or have a limited secondary market. Certain Loans may be subject to irregular trading activity, wide bid/ask spreads and extended trade settlement periods. The inability to dispose of certain Loans in a timely fashion or at a favorable price could result in losses to the Fund.
Collateral and Subordination Risk. With respect to Loans that are secured, the Fund is subject to the risk that collateral securing the Loan will decline in value or have no value or that the Fund’s lien is or will become junior in payment to other liens. A decline in value of the collateral, whether as a result of market value declines, bankruptcy proceedings or otherwise, could cause the Loan to be under collateralized or unsecured. In such event, the Fund may have the ability to require that the Obligor pledge additional collateral. The Fund, however, is subject to the risk that the Obligor may not pledge such additional collateral or a sufficient amount of collateral. In some cases, there may be no formal requirement for the Obligor to pledge additional collateral. In addition, collateral may consist of assets that may not be readily liquidated, and there is no assurance that the liquidation of such assets would satisfy an Obligor’s obligation on a Loan. If the Fund were unable to obtain sufficient proceeds upon a liquidation of such assets, this could negatively affect Fund performance.
If an Obligor becomes involved in bankruptcy proceedings, a court may restrict the ability of the Fund to demand immediate repayment of the Loan by Obligor or otherwise liquidate the collateral. A court may also invalidate the Loan or the Fund’s security interest in collateral or subordinate the Fund’s rights under a Senior Loan or Junior Loan to the interest of the Obligor’s other creditors, including unsecured creditors, or cause interest or principal previously paid to be refunded to the Obligor. If a court required interest or principal to be refunded, it could negatively affect Fund performance. Such action by a court could be based, for example, on a “fraudulent conveyance” claim to the effect that the Obligor did not
receive fair consideration for granting the security interest in the Loan collateral to the Fund. For Senior Loans made in connection with a highly leveraged transaction, consideration for granting a security interest may be deemed inadequate if the proceeds of the Loan were not received or retained by the Obligor, but were instead paid to other persons (such as shareholders of the Obligor) in an amount which left the Obligor insolvent or without sufficient working capital. There are also other events, such as the failure to perfect a security interest due to faulty documentation or faulty official filings, which could lead to the invalidation of the Fund’s security interest in Loan collateral. If the Fund’s security interest in Loan collateral is invalidated or a Senior Loan were subordinated to other debt of an Obligor in bankruptcy or other proceedings, the Fund would have substantially lower recovery, and perhaps no recovery on the full amount of the principal and interest due on the Loan, or the Fund could have to refund interest. Lenders and investors in Loans can be sued by other creditors and shareholders of the Obligors. Losses can be greater than the original Loan amount and occur years after the principal and interest on the Loan have been repaid.
Agent Risk. Selling Lenders, Agents and other entities who may be positioned between the Fund and the Obligor will likely conduct their principal business activities in the banking, finance and financial services industries. Investments in Loans may be more impacted by a single economic, political or regulatory occurrence affecting such industries than other types of investments. Entities engaged in such industries may be more susceptible to, among other things, fluctuations in interest rates, changes in the Federal Open Market Committee’s monetary policy, government regulations concerning such industries and concerning capital raising activities generally and fluctuations in the financial markets generally. An Agent, Lender or other entity positioned between the Fund and the Obligor may become insolvent or enter FDIC receivership or bankruptcy.
The Fund might incur certain costs and delays in realizing payment on a Loan or suffer a loss of principal and/ or interest if assets or interests held by the Agent, Lender or other party positioned between the Fund and the Obligor are determined to be subject to the claims of the Agent’s, Lender’s or such other party’s creditors.
Regulatory Changes. To the extent that legislation or state or federal regulators that regulate certain financial institutions impose additional requirements or restrictions with respect to the ability of such institutions to make Loans, particularly in connection with highly leveraged transactions, the availability of Loans for investment may be adversely affected. Furthermore, such legislation or regulation could depress the market value of Loans held by the Fund.
Inventory Risk. Affiliates of the Adviser may participate in the primary and secondary market for Loans. Because of limitations imposed by applicable law, the presence of the Adviser’s affiliates in the Loan market may restrict the Fund’s ability to acquire some Loans, affect the timing of such acquisition or affect the price at which the Loan is acquired.
Information Risk. There is typically less publicly available information concerning Loans than other types of fixed income investments. As a result, the Fund generally will be dependent on reports and other information provided by the Obligor, either directly or through an Agent, to evaluate the Obligor’s creditworthiness or to determine the Obligor’s compliance with the covenants and other terms of the Loan Agreement. Such reliance may make investments in Loans more susceptible to fraud than other types of investments. In addition, because the Adviser may wish to invest in the publicly traded securities of an Obligor, it may not have access to material non-public information regarding the Obligor to which other Loan investors have access.
Junior Loan Risk. Junior Loans are subject to the same general risks inherent to any Loan investment. Due to their lower place in the Obligor’s capital structure and possible unsecured status, Junior Loans involve a higher degree of overall risk than Senior Loans of the same Obligor. Junior Loans that are Bridge Loans generally carry the expectation that the Obligor will be able to obtain permanent financing in the near future. Any delay in obtaining permanent financing subjects the Bridge Loan investor to increased risk. An Obligor’s use of Bridge Loans also involves the risk that the Obligor may be unable to locate permanent financing to replace the Bridge Loan, which may impair the Obligor’s perceived creditworthiness.
Mezzanine Loan Risk. In addition to the risk factors described above, mezzanine loans are subject to additional risks. Unlike conventional mortgage loans, mezzanine loans are not secured by a mortgage on the underlying real property but rather by a pledge of equity interests (such as a partnership or limited liability company membership) in the property owner or another company in the ownership structures that has control over the property. Such companies are typically structured as special purpose entities. Generally, mezzanine loans may be more highly leveraged than other types of Loans and subordinate in the capital structure of the Obligor. While foreclosure of a mezzanine loan generally takes substantially less time than foreclosure of a traditional mortgage, the holders of a mezzanine loan have different remedies available versus the holder of a first lien mortgage loan. In addition, a sale of the underlying real property would not be unencumbered, and thus would be subject to encumbrances by more senior mortgages and liens of other creditors. Upon foreclosure of a mezzanine loan, the holder of the mezzanine loan acquires an equity interest in the Obligor.
However, because of the subordinate nature of a mezzanine loan, the real property continues to be subject to the lien of the mortgage and other liens encumbering the real estate. In the event the holder of a mezzanine loan forecloses on its equity collateral, the holder may need to cure the Obligor’s existing mortgage defaults or, to the extent permissible under the governing agreements, sell the property to pay off other creditors. To the extent that the amount of mortgages and senior indebtedness and liens exceed the value of the real estate, the collateral underlying the mezzanine loan may have little or no value.
Foreclosure Risk. There may be additional costs associated with enforcing the Fund’s remedies under a Loan including additional legal costs and payment of real property transfer taxes upon foreclosure in certain jurisdictions. As a result of these additional costs, the Fund may determine that pursuing foreclosure on the Loan collateral is not worth the associated costs. In addition, if the Fund incurs costs and the collateral loses value or is not recovered by the Fund in foreclosure, the Fund could lose more than its original investment in the Loan. Foreclosure risk is heightened for Junior Loans, including certain mezzanine loans.
Consumer Loans Risk. Investments in consumer loans expose the Fund to additional risks beyond those normally associated with more traditional debt instruments. The Fund's ability to receive payments in connection with the loan depends primarily on the financial condition of the borrower and whether or not a loan is secured by collateral, although there is no assurance that the collateral securing a loan will be sufficient to satisfy the loan obligation. In addition, bank loans often have contractual restrictions on resale, which can delay the sale and adversely impact the sale price. Transactions involving bank loans may have significantly longer settlement periods than more traditional investments (settlement can take longer than 7 days) and often involve borrowers whose financial condition is troubled or highly leveraged, which increases the risk that the Fund may not receive its proceeds in a timely manner or that the Fund may incur losses in order to pay redemption proceeds to its shareholders. In addition, loans are not registered under the federal securities laws like stocks and bonds, so investors in loans have less protection against improper practices than investors in registered securities.
Master Limited Partnerships
MLPs are passive investment vehicles, in which 85% to 90% of operating profits and losses are usually passed through the ownership structure to the limited partners. This pass through creates passive income or losses, along with dividend and investment income. MLPs investment returns are enhanced during periods of declining/low interest rates and tend to be negatively influenced when interest rates are rising. As an income vehicle, the unit price can be influenced by general interest rate trends independent of specific underlying fundamentals. In addition, most MLPs are fairly leveraged and typically carry a portion of “floating” rate debt. As such, a significant upward swing in interest rates would also drive interest expense higher. Furthermore, most MLPs grow by acquisitions partly financed by debt, and higher interest rates could make it more difficult to transact accretive acquisitions.
Limitations on the use of MLPs: To maintain IRS tax exempt status, investments in MLPs are limited to 25% of net assets.
Mortgage-Related Securities
Mortgages (Directly Held). Mortgages are debt instruments secured by real property. Unlike mortgage-backed securities, which generally represent an interest in a pool of mortgages, direct investments in mortgages involve prepayment and credit risks of an individual issuer and real property. Consequently, these investments require different investment and credit analysis by the Adviser.
Directly placed mortgages may include residential mortgages, multifamily mortgages, mortgages on cooperative apartment buildings, commercial mortgages, and sale-leasebacks. These investments are backed by assets such as office buildings, shopping centers, retail stores, warehouses, apartment buildings and single-family dwellings. In the event that the Fund forecloses on any non-performing mortgage, and acquires a direct interest in the real property, such Fund will be subject to the risks generally associated with the ownership of real property. There may be fluctuations in the market value of the foreclosed property and its occupancy rates, rent schedules and operating expenses. There may also be adverse changes in local, regional or general economic conditions, deterioration of the real estate market and the financial circumstances of tenants and sellers, unfavorable changes in zoning, building, environmental and other laws, increased real property taxes, rising interest rates, reduced availability and increased cost of mortgage borrowings, the need for unanticipated renovations, unexpected increases in the cost of energy, environmental factors, acts of God and other factors which are beyond the control of the Fund or the Adviser. Hazardous or toxic substances may be present on, at or under the mortgaged property and adversely affect the value of the property. In addition, the owners of property containing such substances may be held responsible, under various laws, for containing, monitoring, removing or cleaning
up such substances. The presence of such substances may also provide a basis for other claims by third parties. Costs of clean up or of liabilities to third parties may exceed the value of the property. In addition, these risks may be uninsurable. In light of these and similar risks, it may be impossible to dispose profitably of properties in foreclosure.
Mortgage-Backed Securities (CMOs and REMICs). Mortgage-backed securities include CMOs and REMICs. A REMIC is a CMO that qualifies for special tax treatment under the Code and invests in certain mortgages principally secured by interests in real property and other permitted investments.
Mortgage-backed securities represent pools of mortgage loans assembled for sale to investors by:
•various governmental agencies such as the Government National Mortgage Association (“Ginnie Mae”);
•organizations such as the Federal National Mortgage Association (“Fannie Mae”) and the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation (“Freddie Mac”); and
•non-governmental issuers such as commercial banks, savings and loan institutions, mortgage bankers, and private mortgage insurance companies (non-governmental mortgage securities cannot be treated as U.S. government securities for purposes of investment policies).
There are a number of important differences among the agencies and instrumentalities of the U.S. government that issue mortgage-related securities and among the securities that they issue.
Ginnie Mae Securities. Mortgage-related securities issued by Ginnie Mae include Ginnie Mae Mortgage Pass-Through Certificates which are guaranteed as to the timely payment of principal and interest by Ginnie Mae. Ginnie Mae’s guarantee is backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. Ginnie Mae is a wholly-owned U.S. government corporation within the Department of Housing and Urban Development. Ginnie Mae certificates also are supported by the authority of Ginnie Mae to borrow funds from the U.S. Treasury to make payments under its guarantee.
Fannie Mae Securities. Mortgage-related securities issued by Fannie Mae include Fannie Mae Guaranteed Mortgage Pass-Through Certificates which are solely the obligations of Fannie Mae and are not backed by or entitled to the full faith and credit of the U.S. Fannie Mae is a government-sponsored organization owned entirely by private stockholders. Fannie Mae Certificates are guaranteed as to timely payment of the principal and interest by Fannie Mae.
Freddie Mac Securities. Mortgage-related securities issued by Freddie Mac include Freddie Mac Mortgage Participation Certificates. Freddie Mac is a corporate instrumentality of the U.S., created pursuant to an Act of Congress, which is owned by private stockholders. Freddie Mac Certificates are not guaranteed by the U.S. or by any Federal Home Loan Bank and do not constitute a debt or obligation of the U.S. or of any Federal Home Loan Bank. Freddie Mac Certificates entitle the holder to timely payment of interest, which is guaranteed by Freddie Mac. Freddie Mac guarantees either ultimate collection or timely payment of all principal payments on the underlying mortgage loans. When Freddie Mac does not guarantee timely payment of principal, Freddie Mac may remit the amount due on account of its guarantee of ultimate payment of principal at any time after default on an underlying mortgage, but in no event later than one year after it becomes payable.
For more information on recent events impacting Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac securities, see “Recent Events Regarding Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac Securities” under the heading “Risk Factors of Mortgage-Related Securities” below.
CMOs and guaranteed REMIC pass-through certificates (“REMIC Certificates”) issued by Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac, Ginnie Mae and private issuers are types of multiple class pass-through securities. Investors may purchase beneficial interests in REMICs, which are known as “regular” interests or “residual” interests. The Fund does not currently intend to purchase residual interests in REMICs. The REMIC Certificates represent beneficial ownership interests in a REMIC Trust, generally consisting of mortgage loans or Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac or Ginnie Mae guaranteed mortgage pass-through certificates (the “Mortgage Assets”). The obligations of Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac or Ginnie Mae under their respective guaranty of the REMIC Certificates are obligations solely of Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac or Ginnie Mae, respectively.
Fannie Mae REMIC Certificates. Fannie Mae REMIC Certificates are issued and guaranteed as to timely distribution of principal and interest by Fannie Mae. In addition, Fannie Mae will be obligated to distribute the principal balance of each class of REMIC Certificates in full, whether or not sufficient funds are otherwise available.
Freddie Mac REMIC Certificates. Freddie Mac guarantees the timely payment of interest, and also guarantees the payment of principal as payments are required to be made on the underlying mortgage participation certificates (“PCs”). PCs represent undivided interests in specified residential mortgages or participation therein purchased by Freddie Mac and placed in a PC pool. With respect to principal payments on PCs, Freddie Mac generally guarantees ultimate collection of all principal of the related mortgage loans without offset or deduction. Freddie Mac also guarantees timely payment of principal on certain PCs referred to as “Gold PCs.”
Ginnie Mae REMIC Certificates. Ginnie Mae guarantees the full and timely payment of interest and principal on each class of securities (in accordance with the terms of those classes as specified in the related offering circular supplement). The Ginnie Mae guarantee is backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S.
REMIC Certificates issued by Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac and Ginnie Mae are treated as U.S. Government securities for purposes of investment policies.
CMOs and REMIC Certificates provide for the redistribution of cash flow to multiple classes. Each class of CMOs or REMIC Certificates, often referred to as a “tranche,” is issued at a specific adjustable or fixed interest rate and must be fully retired no later than its final distribution date. This reallocation of interest and principal results in the redistribution of prepayment risk across different classes. This allows for the creation of bonds with more or less risk than the underlying collateral exhibits. Principal prepayments on the mortgage loans or the Mortgage Assets underlying the CMOs or REMIC Certificates may cause some or all of the classes of CMOs or REMIC Certificates to be retired substantially earlier than their final distribution dates. Generally, interest is paid or accrues on all classes of CMOs or REMIC Certificates on a monthly basis.
The principal of and interest on the Mortgage Assets may be allocated among the several classes of CMOs or REMIC Certificates in various ways. In certain structures (known as “sequential pay” CMOs or REMIC Certificates), payments of principal, including any principal prepayments, on the Mortgage Assets generally are applied to the classes of CMOs or REMIC Certificates in the order of their respective final distribution dates. Thus, no payment of principal will be made on any class of sequential pay CMOs or REMIC Certificates until all other classes having an earlier final distribution date have been paid in full.
Additional structures of CMOs and REMIC Certificates include, among others, principal only structures, interest only structures, inverse floaters and “parallel pay” CMOs and REMIC Certificates. Certain of these structures may be more volatile than other types of CMO and REMIC structures. Parallel pay CMOs or REMIC Certificates are those which are structured to apply principal payments and prepayments of the Mortgage Assets to two or more classes concurrently on a proportionate or disproportionate basis. These simultaneous payments are taken into account in calculating the final distribution date of each class.
A wide variety of REMIC Certificates may be issued in the parallel pay or sequential pay structures. These securities include accrual certificates (also known as “Z-Bonds”), which only accrue interest at a specified rate until all other certificates having an earlier final distribution date have been retired and are converted thereafter to an interest-paying security, and planned amortization class (“PAC”) certificates, which are parallel pay REMIC Certificates which generally require that specified amounts of principal be applied on each payment date to one or more classes of REMIC Certificates (the “PAC Certificates”), even though all other principal payments and prepayments of the Mortgage Assets are then required to be applied to one or more other classes of the certificates. The scheduled principal payments for the PAC Certificates generally have the highest priority on each payment date after interest due has been paid to all classes entitled to receive interest currently. Shortfalls, if any, are added to the amount of principal payable on the next payment date. The PAC Certificate payment schedule is taken into account in calculating the final distribution date of each class of PAC. In order to create PAC tranches, one or more tranches generally must be created that absorb most of the volatility in the underlying Mortgage Assets. These tranches tend to have market prices and yields that are much more volatile than the PAC classes. The Z-Bonds in which the Fund may invest may bear the same non-credit-related risks as do other types of Z-Bonds. Z-Bonds in which the Fund may invest will not include residual interest.
Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses set forth in the fee table and Financial Highlights section of the Fund’s Prospectuses do not include any expenses associated with investments in certain structured or synthetic products that may rely on the exception for the definition of “investment company” provided by section 3(c)(1) or 3(c)(7) of the 1940 Act.
Mortgage TBAs. The Fund may invest in mortgage pass-through securities eligible to be sold in the “to-be-announced” or TBA market (“Mortgage TBAs”). Mortgage TBAs provide for the forward or delayed delivery of the underlying instrument with settlement up to 180 days. The term TBA comes from the fact that the actual mortgage-backed
security that will be delivered to fulfill a TBA trade is not designated at the time the trade is made, but rather is generally announced 48 hours before the settlement date. Mortgage TBAs are subject to the risks described in the “When-Issued Securities, Delayed Delivery Securities and Forward Commitments” section.
Mortgage Dollar Rolls. In a mortgage dollar roll transaction, one party sells mortgage-backed securities, principally Mortgage TBAs, for delivery in the current month and simultaneously contracts with the same counterparty to repurchase similar (same type, coupon and maturity) but not identical securities on a specified future date. When the Fund enters into mortgage dollar rolls, the Fund will earmark and reserve until the settlement date Fund assets, in cash or liquid securities, in an amount equal to the forward purchase price. During the period between the sale and repurchase in a mortgage dollar roll transaction, the Fund will not be entitled to receive interest and principal payments on securities sold. Losses may arise due to changes in the value of the securities or if the counterparty does not perform under the terms of the agreement. If the counterparty files for bankruptcy or becomes insolvent, the Fund’s right to repurchase or sell securities may be limited. Mortgage dollar rolls may be subject to leverage risks. In addition, mortgage dollar rolls may increase interest rate risk and result in an increased portfolio turnover rate which increases costs and may increase taxable gains. The benefits of mortgage dollar rolls may depend upon the Adviser’s ability to predict mortgage prepayments and interest rates. There is no assurance that mortgage dollar rolls can be successfully employed. For purposes of diversification and investment limitations, mortgage dollar rolls are considered to be mortgage-backed securities.
Stripped Mortgage-Backed Securities. Stripped Mortgage-Backed Securities (“SMBS”) are derivative multi- class mortgage securities issued outside the REMIC or CMO structure. SMBS are usually structured with two classes that receive different proportions of the interest and principal distributions from a pool of mortgage assets. A common type of SMBS will have one class receiving all of the interest from the mortgage assets (“IOs”), while the other class will receive all of the principal (“POs”). Mortgage IOs receive monthly interest payments based upon a notional amount that declines over time as a result of the normal monthly amortization and unscheduled prepayments of principal on the associated mortgage POs.
In addition to the risks applicable to Mortgage-Related Securities in general, SMBS are subject to the following additional risks:
Prepayment/Interest Rate Sensitivity. SMBS are extremely sensitive to changes in prepayments and interest rates. Even though these securities have been guaranteed by an agency or instrumentality of the U.S. government, under certain interest rate or prepayment rate scenarios, the Fund may lose money on investments in SMBS.
Interest Only SMBS. Changes in prepayment rates can cause the return on investment in IOs to be highly volatile. Under extremely high prepayment conditions, IOs can incur significant losses.
Principal Only SMBS. POs are bought at a discount to the ultimate principal repayment value. The rate of return on a PO will vary with prepayments, rising as prepayments increase and falling as prepayments decrease. Generally, the market value of these securities is unusually volatile in response to changes in interest rates.
Yield Characteristics. Although SMBS may yield more than other mortgage-backed securities, their cash flow patterns are more volatile and there is a greater risk that any premium paid will not be fully recouped. The Adviser will seek to manage these risks (and potential benefits) by investing in a variety of such securities and by using certain analytical and hedging techniques.
Adjustable Rate Mortgage Loans (“ARMs”). ARMs eligible for inclusion in a mortgage pool will generally provide for a fixed initial mortgage interest rate for a specified period of time. Thereafter, the interest rates (the “Mortgage Interest Rates”) may be subject to periodic adjustment based on changes in the applicable index rate (the “Index Rate”). The adjusted rate would be equal to the Index Rate plus a gross margin, which is a fixed percentage spread over the Index Rate established for each ARM at the time of its origination.
Adjustable interest rates can cause payment increases that some borrowers may find difficult to make. However, certain ARMs may provide that the Mortgage Interest Rate may not be adjusted to a rate above an applicable lifetime maximum rate or below an applicable lifetime minimum rate for such ARM. Certain ARMs may also be subject to limitations on the maximum amount by which the Mortgage Interest Rate may adjust for any single adjustment period (the “Maximum Adjustment”). Other ARMs (“Negatively Amortizing ARMs”) may provide instead or as well for limitations on changes in the monthly payment on such ARMs. Limitations on monthly payments can result in monthly payments which are greater or less than the amount necessary to amortize a Negatively Amortizing ARM by its maturity at the Mortgage Interest Rate in effect in any particular month. In the event that a monthly payment is not sufficient to pay the interest accruing on a Negatively Amortizing ARM, any such excess interest is added to the principal balance of the loan, causing
negative amortization and will be repaid through future monthly payments. It may take borrowers under Negatively Amortizing ARMs longer periods of time to achieve equity and may increase the likelihood of default by such borrowers. In the event that a monthly payment exceeds the sum of the interest accrued at the applicable Mortgage Interest Rate and the principal payment which would have been necessary to amortize the outstanding principal balance over the remaining term of the loan, the excess (or “accelerated amortization”) further reduces the principal balance of the ARM. Negatively Amortizing ARMs do not provide for the extension of their original maturity to accommodate changes in their Mortgage Interest Rate. As a result, unless there is a periodic recalculation of the payment amount (which there generally is), the final payment may be substantially larger than the other payments. These limitations on periodic increases in interest rates and on changes in monthly payments protect borrowers from unlimited interest rate and payment increases.
Certain ARMs may provide for periodic adjustments of scheduled payments in order to amortize fully the mortgage loan by its stated maturity. Other ARMs may permit their stated maturity to be extended or shortened in accordance with the portion of each payment that is applied to interest as affected by the periodic interest rate adjustments.
There are two main categories of indices which provide the basis for rate adjustments on ARMs: those based on U.S. Treasury securities and those derived from a calculated measure such as a cost of funds index or a moving average of mortgage rates. Commonly utilized indices include the one-year, three-year and five-year constant maturity Treasury bill rates, the three-month Treasury bill rate, the 180-day Treasury bill rate, rates on longer-term Treasury securities, the 11th District Federal Home Loan Bank Cost of Funds, the National Median Cost of Funds, Secured Overnight Financing Rate (SOFR), the prime rate of a specific bank, or commercial paper rates. Some indices, such as the one-year constant maturity Treasury rate, closely mirror changes in market interest rate levels. Others, such as the 11th District Federal Home Loan Bank Cost of Funds index, tend to lag behind changes in market rate levels and tend to be somewhat less volatile. The degree of volatility in the market value of the Fund’s portfolio and therefore in the net asset value of the Fund’s shares will be a function of the length of the interest rate reset periods and the degree of volatility in the applicable indices.
In general, changes in both prepayment rates and interest rates will change the yield on Mortgage-Backed Securities. The rate of principal prepayments with respect to ARMs has fluctuated in recent years. As is the case with fixed mortgage loans, ARMs may be subject to a greater rate of principal prepayments in a declining interest rate environment. For example, if prevailing interest rates fall significantly, ARMs could be subject to higher prepayment rates than if prevailing interest rates remain constant because the availability of fixed rate mortgage loans at competitive interest rates may encourage mortgagors to refinance their ARMs to “lock-in” a lower fixed interest rate. Conversely, if prevailing interest rates rise significantly, ARMs may prepay at lower rates than if prevailing rates remain at or below those in effect at the time such ARMs were originated. As with fixed rate mortgages, there can be no certainty as to the rate of prepayments on the ARMs in either stable or changing interest rate environments. In addition, there can be no certainty as to whether increases in the principal balances of the ARMs due to the addition of deferred interest may result in a default rate higher than that on ARMs that do not provide for negative amortization.
Other factors affecting prepayment of ARMs include changes in mortgagors’ housing needs, job transfers, unemployment, mortgagors’ net equity in the mortgage properties and servicing decisions.
Risk Factors of Mortgage-Related Securities. The following is a summary of certain risks associated with Mortgage-Related Securities:
Guarantor Risk. There can be no assurance that the U.S. government would provide financial support to Fannie Mae or Freddie Mac if necessary in the future. Although certain mortgage-related securities are guaranteed by a third party or otherwise similarly secured, the market value of the security, which may fluctuate, is not so secured.
Interest Rate Sensitivity. If the Fund purchases a mortgage-related security at a premium, that portion may be lost if there is a decline in the market value of the security whether resulting from changes in interest rates or prepayments in the underlying mortgage collateral. As with other interest-bearing securities, the prices of such securities are inversely affected by changes in interest rates. Although the value of a mortgage-related security may decline when interest rates rise, the converse is not necessarily true since in periods of declining interest rates the mortgages underlying the securities are prone to prepayment. For this and other reasons, a mortgage-related security’s stated maturity may be shortened by unscheduled prepayments on the underlying mortgages and, therefore, it is not possible to predict accurately the security’s return to the Fund. In addition, regular payments received in respect of mortgage-related securities include both interest and principal. No assurance can be given as to the return the Fund will receive when these amounts are reinvested.
Market Value. The market value of the Fund’s adjustable rate Mortgage-Backed Securities may be adversely affected if interest rates increase faster than the rates of interest payable on such securities or by the adjustable rate mortgage loans underlying such securities. Furthermore, adjustable rate Mortgage-Backed Securities or the mortgage loans underlying such securities may contain provisions limiting the amount by which rates may be adjusted upward and downward and may limit the amount by which monthly payments may be increased or decreased to accommodate upward and downward adjustments in interest rates. When the market value of the properties underlying the Mortgage-Backed Securities suffer broad declines on a regional or national level, the values of the corresponding Mortgage-Backed Securities or Mortgage-Backed Securities as a whole, may be adversely affected as well.
Prepayments. Adjustable rate Mortgage-Backed Securities have less potential for capital appreciation than fixed rate Mortgage-Backed Securities because their coupon rates will decline in response to market interest rate declines. The market value of fixed rate Mortgage-Backed Securities may be adversely affected as a result of increases in interest rates and, because of the risk of unscheduled principal prepayments, may benefit less than other fixed rate securities of similar maturity from declining interest rates. Finally, to the extent Mortgage-Backed Securities are purchased at a premium, mortgage foreclosures and unscheduled principal prepayments may result in some loss of the Fund’s principal investment to the extent of the premium paid. On the other hand, if such securities are purchased at a discount, both a scheduled payment of principal and an unscheduled prepayment of principal will increase current and total returns and will accelerate the recognition of income.
Yield Characteristics. The yield characteristics of Mortgage-Backed Securities differ from those of traditional fixed income securities. The major differences typically include more frequent interest and principal payments, usually monthly, and the possibility that prepayments of principal may be made at any time. Prepayment rates are influenced by changes in current interest rates and a variety of economic, geographic, social and other factors and cannot be predicted with certainty. As with fixed rate mortgage loans, adjustable rate mortgage loans may be subject to a greater prepayment rate in a declining interest rate environment. The yields to maturity of the Mortgage-Backed Securities in which the Fund invest will be affected by the actual rate of payment (including prepayments) of principal of the underlying mortgage loans. The mortgage loans underlying such securities generally may be prepaid at any time without penalty. In a fluctuating interest rate environment, a predominant factor affecting the prepayment rate on a pool of mortgage loans is the difference between the interest rates on the mortgage loans and prevailing mortgage loan interest rates taking into account the cost of any refinancing. In general, if mortgage loan interest rates fall sufficiently below the interest rates on fixed rate mortgage loans underlying mortgage pass-through securities, the rate of prepayment would be expected to increase. Conversely, if mortgage loan interest rates rise above the interest rates on the fixed rate mortgage loans underlying the mortgage pass-through securities, the rate of prepayment may be expected to decrease.
Events Regarding Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac Securities. On September 6, 2008, the Federal Housing Finance Agency (“FHFA”) placed Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac into conservatorship. As the conservator, FHFA succeeded to all rights, titles, powers and privileges of Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac and of any stockholder, officer or director of Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac with respect to Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac and the assets of Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac. FHFA selected a new chief executive officer and chairman of the board of directors for each of Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac. In connection with the conservatorship, the U.S. Treasury entered into a Senior Preferred Stock Purchase Agreement with each of Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac pursuant to which the U.S. Treasury will purchase up to an aggregate of $100 billion of each of Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac to maintain a positive net worth in each enterprise. This agreement contains various covenants, discussed below, that severely limit each enterprise’s operations. In exchange for entering into these agreements, the U.S. Treasury received $1 billion of each enterprise’s senior preferred stock and warrants to purchase 79.9% of each enterprise’s common stock. In 2009, the U.S. Treasury announced that it was doubling the size of its commitment to each enterprise under the Senior Preferred Stock Program to $200 billion. The U.S. Treasury’s obligations under the Senior Preferred Stock Program are for an indefinite period of time for a maximum amount of $200 billion per enterprise. In 2009, the U.S. Treasury further amended the Senior Preferred Stock Purchase Agreement to allow the cap on the U.S. Treasury’s funding commitment to increase as necessary to accommodate any cumulative reduction in Fannie Mae’s and Freddie Mac’s net worth through the end of 2012. In August 2012, the Senior Preferred Stock Purchase Agreement was further amended to, among other things, accelerate the wind down of the retained portfolio, terminate the requirement that Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac each pay a 10% dividend annually on all amounts received under the funding commitment, and require the submission of an annual risk management plan to the U.S. Treasury.
Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac are continuing to operate as going concerns while in conservatorship and each remain liable for all of its obligations, including its guaranty obligations, associated with its mortgage-backed securities. The Senior Preferred Stock Purchase Agreement is intended to enhance each of Fannie Mae’s and Freddie Mac’s ability to meet its obligations. The FHFA has indicated that the conservatorship of each enterprise will end when the director of FHFA determines that FHFA’s plan to restore the enterprise to a safe and solvent condition has been completed.
Under the Federal Housing Finance Regulatory Reform Act of 2008 (the “Reform Act”), which was included as part of the Housing and Economic Recovery Act of 2008, FHFA, as conservator or receiver, has the power to repudiate any contract entered into by Fannie Mae or Freddie Mac prior to FHFA’s appointment as conservator or receiver, as applicable, if FHFA determines, in its sole discretion, that performance of the contract is burdensome and that repudiation of the contract promotes the orderly administration of Fannie Mae’s or Freddie Mac’s affairs. The Reform Act requires FHFA to exercise its right to repudiate any contract within a reasonable period of time after its appointment as conservator or receiver. FHFA, in its capacity as conservator, has indicated that it has no intention to repudiate the guaranty obligations of Fannie Mae or Freddie Mac because FHFA views repudiation as incompatible with the goals of the conservatorship. However, in the event that FHFA, as conservator or if it is later appointed as receiver for Fannie Mae or Freddie Mac, were to repudiate any such guaranty obligation, the conservatorship or receivership estate, as applicable, would be liable for actual direct compensatory damages in accordance with the provisions of the Reform Act. Any such liability could be satisfied only to the extent of Fannie Mae’s or Freddie Mac’s assets available therefor. In the event of repudiation, the payments of interest to holders of Fannie Mae or Freddie Mac mortgage-backed securities would be reduced if payments on the mortgage loans represented in the mortgage loan groups related to such mortgage-backed securities are not made by the borrowers or advanced by the servicer. Any actual direct compensatory damages for repudiating these guaranty obligations may not be sufficient to offset any shortfalls experienced by such mortgage-backed security holders. Further, in its capacity as conservator or receiver, FHFA has the right to transfer or sell any asset or liability of Fannie Mae or Freddie Mac without any approval, assignment or consent. Although FHFA has stated that it has no present intention to do so, if FHFA, as conservator or receiver, were to transfer any such guaranty obligation to another party, holders of Fannie Mae or Freddie Mac mortgage-backed securities would have to rely on that party for satisfaction of the guaranty obligation and would be exposed to the credit risk of that party.
In addition, certain rights provided to holders of mortgage-backed securities issued by Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac under the operative documents related to such securities may not be enforced against FHFA, or enforcement of such rights may be delayed, during the conservatorship or any future receivership. The operative documents for Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac mortgage-backed securities may provide (or with respect to securities issued prior to the date of the appointment of the conservator may have provided) that upon the occurrence of an event of default on the part of Fannie Mae or Freddie Mac, in its capacity as guarantor, which includes the appointment of a conservator or receiver, holders of such mortgage-backed securities have the right to replace Fannie Mae or Freddie Mac as trustee if the requisite percentage of mortgage-backed securities holders consent. The Reform Act prevents mortgage-backed security holders from enforcing such rights if the event of default arises solely because a conservator or receiver has been appointed. The Reform Act also provides that no person may exercise any right or power to terminate, accelerate or declare an event of default under certain contracts to which Fannie Mae or Freddie Mac is a party, or obtain possession of or exercise control over any property of Fannie Mae or Freddie Mac, or affect any contractual rights of Fannie Mae or Freddie Mac, without the approval of FHFA, as conservator or receiver, for a period of 45 or 90 days following the appointment of FHFA as conservator or receiver, respectively.
In addition, in a February 2011 report to Congress from the Treasury Department and the Department of Housing and Urban Development, the Obama administration provided a plan to reform America’s housing finance market. The plan would reduce the role of and eventually eliminate Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac. Notably, the plan does not propose similar significant changes to Ginnie Mae, which guarantees payments on mortgage-related securities backed by federally insured or guaranteed loans such as those issued by the Federal Housing Association or guaranteed by the Department of Veterans Affairs. The report also identified three proposals for Congress and the administration to consider for the long-term structure of the housing finance markets after the elimination of Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac, including implementing: (i) a privatized system of housing finance that limits government insurance to very limited groups of creditworthy low- and moderate-income borrowers; (ii) a privatized system with a government backstop mechanism that would allow the government to insure a larger share of the housing finance market during a future housing crisis; and (iii) a privatized system where the government would offer reinsurance to holders of certain highly-rated mortgage-related securities insured by private insurers and would pay out under the reinsurance arrangements only if the private mortgage insurers were insolvent.
The conditions attached to the financial contribution made by the Treasury to Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae and the issuance of senior preferred stock place significant restrictions on the activities of Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae. Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae must obtain the consent of the Treasury to, among other things, (i) make any payment to purchase or redeem its capital stock or pay any dividend other than in respect of the senior preferred stock, (ii) issue capital stock of any kind, (iii) terminate the conservatorship of the FHFA except in connection with a receivership, or (iv) increase its debt beyond certain specified levels. In addition, significant restrictions are placed on the maximum size of each of Freddie Mac’s and Fannie Mae’s respective portfolios of mortgages and mortgage- backed securities, and the purchase agreements entered into by Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae provide that the maximum size of their portfolios of these assets must decrease by a specified percentage each year. The future status and role of Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae could be
impacted by (among other things) the actions taken and restrictions placed on Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae by the FHFA in is role as conservator, the restrictions placed on Freddie Mac’s and Fannie Mae’s operations and activities as a result of the senior preferred stock investment made by the U.S. Treasury, market responses to developments at Freddie Mac and Fannie Mac, and future legislative and regulatory action that alters the operations, ownership, structure and/or mission of these institutions, each of which may, in turn, impact the value of, and cash flows on, any mortgage-backed securities guaranteed by Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae, including any such mortgage-backed securities held by the Fund.
Municipal Securities
Municipal Securities are issued to obtain funds for a wide variety of reasons. For example, municipal securities may be issued to obtain funding for the construction of a wide range of public facilities such as: 1) bridges; (2) highways; (3) roads; (4) schools; (5) waterworks and sewer systems; and (6) other utilities.
Other public purposes for which Municipal Securities may be issued include: (1 refunding outstanding obligations; (2) obtaining funds for general operating expenses; and (3) obtaining funds to lend to other public institutions and facilities.
In addition, certain debt obligations known as “Private Activity Bonds” may be issued by or on behalf of municipalities and public authorities to obtain funds to provide:
1.water, sewage and solid waste facilities;
2.qualified residential rental projects;
3.certain local electric, gas and other heating or cooling facilities;
4.qualified hazardous waste facilities;
5.high-speed intercity rail facilities;
6.governmentally-owned airports, docks and wharves and mass transportation facilities;
7.qualified mortgages;
8.student loan and redevelopment bonds; and
9.bonds used for certain organizations exempt from Federal income taxation.
Certain debt obligations known as “Industrial Development Bonds” under prior Federal tax law may have been issued by or on behalf of public authorities to obtain funds to provide:
1.privately operated housing facilities;
2.sports facilities;
3.industrial parks;
4.convention or trade show facilities;
5.airport, mass transit, port or parking facilities;
6.air or water pollution control facilities;
7.sewage or solid waste disposal facilities; and
8.facilities for water supply.
Other private activity bonds and industrial development bonds issued to fund the construction, improvement, equipment or repair of privately-operated industrial, distribution, research, or commercial facilities may also be Municipal Securities, however the size of such issues is limited under current and prior Federal tax law. The aggregate amount of most private activity bonds and industrial development bonds is limited (except in the case of certain types of facilities) under Federal tax law by an annual “volume cap.” The volume cap limits the annual aggregate principal amount of such obligations issued by or on behalf of all governmental instrumentalities in the state.
The two principal classifications of Municipal Securities consist of “general obligation” and “limited” (or revenue) issues. General obligation bonds are obligations involving the credit of an issuer possessing taxing power and are payable from the issuer’s general unrestricted revenues and not from any particular fund or source. The characteristics and method of enforcement of general obligation bonds vary according to the law applicable to the particular issuer, and payment may be dependent upon appropriation by the issuer’s legislative body. Limited obligation bonds are payable only from the revenues derived from a particular facility or class of facilities or, in some cases, from the proceeds of a special excise or other specific revenue source. Private activity bonds and industrial development bonds generally are revenue
bonds and thus not payable from the unrestricted revenues of the issuer. The credit and quality of such bonds is generally related to the credit of the bank selected to provide the letter of credit underlying the bond. Payment of principal of and interest on industrial development revenue bonds is the responsibility of the corporate user (and any guarantor).
The Fund may also acquire “moral obligation” issues, which are normally issued by special purpose authorities, and in other tax-exempt investments including pollution control bonds and tax-exempt commercial paper. The Fund may purchase: (1) Short-term tax-exempt General Obligations Notes; (2) Tax Anticipation Notes; (3) Bond Anticipation Notes; (4) Revenue Anticipation Notes; (5) Project Notes; and (6) other forms of short-term tax-exempt loans.
Such notes are issued with a short-term maturity in anticipation of the receipt of tax funds, the proceeds of bond placements, or other revenues. Project Notes are issued by a state or local housing agency and are sold by the Department of Housing and Urban Development. While the issuing agency has the primary obligation with respect to its Project Notes, they are also secured by the full faith and credit of the U.S. through agreements with the issuing authority which provide that, if required, the Federal government will lend the issuer an amount equal to the principal of and interest on the Project Notes.
There are, of course, variations in the quality of Municipal Securities, both within a particular classification and between classifications. Also, the yields on Municipal Securities depend upon a variety of factors, including:
1.general money market conditions;
2.coupon rate;
3.the financial condition of the issuer;
4.general conditions of the municipal bond market;
5.the size of a particular offering;
6.the maturity of the obligations; and
7.the rating of the issue.
The ratings of Moody’s and S&P represent their opinions as to the quality of Municipal Securities. However, ratings are general and are not absolute standards of quality. Municipal Securities with the same maturity, interest rate and rating may have different yields while Municipal Securities of the same maturity and interest rate with different ratings may have the same yield. Subsequent to its purchase by the Fund, an issue of Municipal Securities may cease to be rated or its rating may be reduced below the minimum rating required for purchase by the Fund. The Adviser will consider such an event in determining whether the Fund should continue to hold the obligations.
Municipal Securities may include obligations of municipal housing authorities and single-family mortgage revenue bonds. Weaknesses in Federal housing subsidy programs and their administration may result in a decrease of subsidies available for payment of principal and interest on housing authority bonds. Economic developments, including fluctuations in interest rates and increasing construction and operating costs, may also adversely impact revenues of housing authorities. In the case of some housing authorities, inability to obtain additional financing could also reduce revenues available to pay existing obligations.
Single-family mortgage revenue bonds are subject to extraordinary mandatory redemption at par in whole or in part from the proceeds derived from prepayments of underlying mortgage loans and also from the unused proceeds of the issue within a stated period which may be within a year from the date of issue.
Municipal leases are obligations issued by state and local governments or authorities to finance the acquisition of equipment and facilities. Municipal leases may be considered to be illiquid. They may take the form of a lease, an installment purchase contract, a conditional sales contract, or a participation interest in any of the above. The Board of Trustees is responsible for determining the credit quality of unrated municipal leases on an ongoing basis, including an assessment of the likelihood that the lease will not be canceled.
Premium Securities. During a period of declining interest rates, many Municipal Securities in which the Fund invests likely will bear coupon rates higher than current market rates, regardless of whether the securities were initially purchased at a premium.
Risk Factors in Municipal Securities. The following is a summary of certain risks associated with Municipal Securities:
Tax Risk. The Code imposes certain continuing requirements on issuers of tax-exempt bonds regarding the use, expenditure and investment of bond proceeds and the payment of rebates to the U.S. Failure by the issuer to comply subsequent to the issuance of tax-exempt bonds with certain of these requirements could cause interest on the bonds to become includable in gross income retroactive to the date of issuance.
Housing Authority Tax Risk. The exclusion from gross income for Federal income tax purposes for certain housing authority bonds depends on qualification under relevant provisions of the Code and on other provisions of Federal law. These provisions of Federal law contain requirements relating to the cost and location of the residences financed with the proceeds of the single-family mortgage bonds and the income levels of tenants of the rental projects financed with the proceeds of the multi-family housing bonds. Typically, the issuers of the bonds, and other parties, including the originators and servicers of the single-family mortgages and the owners of the rental projects financed with the multi-family housing bonds, covenant to meet these requirements. However, there is no assurance that the requirements will be met. If such requirements are not met:
•the interest on the bonds may become taxable, possibly retroactively from the date of issuance;
•the value of the bonds may be reduced;
•you and other Shareholders may be subject to unanticipated tax liabilities;
•the Fund may be required to sell the bonds at the reduced value;
•it may be an event of default under the applicable mortgage;
•the holder may be permitted to accelerate payment of the bond; and
•the issuer may be required to redeem the bond.
In addition, if the mortgage securing the bonds is insured by the Federal Housing Administration (“FHA”), the consent of the FHA may be required before insurance proceeds would become payable.
Information Risk. Information about the financial condition of issuers of Municipal Securities may be less available than that of corporations having a class of securities registered under the SEC.
State and Federal Laws. An issuer’s obligations under its Municipal Securities are subject to the provisions of bankruptcy, insolvency, and other laws affecting the rights and remedies of creditors. These laws may extend the time for payment of principal or interest, or restrict the Fund’s ability to collect payments due on Municipal Securities. In addition, recent amendments to some statutes governing security interests (e.g., Revised Article 9 of the Uniform Commercial Code (“UCC”)) change the way in which security interests and liens securing Municipal Securities are perfected. These amendments may have an adverse impact on existing Municipal Securities (particularly issues of Municipal Securities that do not have a corporate trustee who is responsible for filing UCC financing statements to continue the security interest or lien).
Litigation and Current Developments. Litigation or other conditions may materially and adversely affect the power or ability of an issuer to meet its obligations for the payment of interest on and principal of its Municipal Securities. Such litigation or conditions may from time to time have the effect of introducing uncertainties in the market for tax-exempt obligations, or may materially affect the credit risk with respect to particular bonds or notes. Adverse economic, business, legal or political developments might affect all or a substantial portion of the Fund’s Municipal Securities in the same manner.
New Legislation. From time to time, proposals have been introduced before Congress for the purpose of restricting or eliminating the federal income tax exemption for interest on tax exempt bonds, and similar proposals may be introduced in the future. The Supreme Court has held that Congress has the constitutional authority to enact such legislation. It is not possible to determine what effect the adoption of such proposals could have on (i) the availability of Municipal Securities for investment by the Fund, and (ii) the value of the investment portfolios of the Fund.
Limitations on the Use of Municipal Securities. The Fund may invest in Municipal Securities if the Adviser determines that such Municipal Securities offer attractive yields. The Fund may invest in Municipal Securities either by purchasing them directly or by purchasing certificates of accrual or similar instruments evidencing direct ownership of interest payments or principal payments, or both, on Municipal Securities, provided that, in the opinion of counsel to the initial seller of each such certificate or instrument, any discount accruing on such certificate or instrument that is purchased at a yield not greater than the coupon rate of interest on the related Municipal Securities will to the same extent as interest on such Municipal Securities be exempt from federal income tax and state income tax (where applicable) and
not be treated as a preference item for individuals for purposes of the federal alternative minimum tax. The Fund may also invest in Municipal Securities by purchasing from banks participation interests in all or part of specific holdings of Municipal Securities. Such participation interests may be backed in whole or in part by an irrevocable letter of credit or guarantee of the selling bank. The selling bank may receive a fee from the Fund in connection with the arrangement.
The Fund will limit its investment in municipal leases to no more than 5% of its total assets.
New Financial Products
New options and futures contracts and other financial products, and various combinations thereof, including over-the-counter products, continue to be developed. These various products may be used to adjust the risk and return characteristics of the Fund’s investments. These various products may increase or decrease exposure to security prices, interest rates, commodity prices, or other factors that affect security values, regardless of the issuer’s credit risk. If market conditions do not perform as expected, the performance of the Fund would be less favorable than it would have been if these products were not used. In addition, losses may occur if counterparties involved in transactions do not perform as promised. These products may expose the Fund to potentially greater return as well as potentially greater risk of loss than more traditional fixed income investments.
Non-U.S. Investments
The Fund may invest directly in certain obligations of non-U.S. issuers and will be subject to risks not typically associated with U.S. securities. Non-U.S. investments, especially those of companies in emerging markets, can be riskier and more volatile than investments in the United States. Adverse political and economic developments of changes in the value of non-U.S. currency can make it more difficult for the Fund to sell their securities and could reduce the value of your shares. Differences in tax and accounting standards and difficulties in obtaining information about non-U.S. companies can negatively affect investment decisions.
Other possible non-U.S. investments include U.S. dollar-denominated debt securities (e.g., bonds and commercial paper) of non-U.S. entities, obligations of non-U.S. branches of U.S. banks and of non-U.S. banks, including, without limitation, Eurodollar Certificates of Deposit, Eurodollar Time Deposits, Eurodollar Bankers’ Acceptances, Canadian Time Deposits and Yankee Certificates of Deposit, and investments in Canadian Commercial Paper, and Europaper. Securities of non-U.S. issuers may include sponsored and unsponsored ADRs, and EDRs. Sponsored ADRs are listed on the New York Stock Exchange; unsponsored ADRs are not. Therefore, there may be less information available about the issuers of unsponsored ADRs than the issuers of sponsored ADRs. Unsponsored ADRs are restricted securities. EDRs are not listed on the New York Stock Exchange. As a result, it may be difficult to obtain information about EDRs.
Risk Factors of Non-U.S. Investments. The following is a summary of certain risks associated with non-U.S. investments:
Political and Exchange Risks. Non-U.S. investments may subject the Fund to investment risks that differ in some respects from those related to investments in obligations of U.S. issuers. Such risks include potential future adverse political and economic developments, sanctions or other measures by the United States or other governments, possible imposition of withholding taxes on interest or other income, possible seizure, nationalization or expropriation of non-U.S. deposits, possible establishment of exchange controls or taxation at the source, greater fluctuations in value due to changes in exchange rates, or the adoption of other non-U.S. governmental restrictions which might adversely affect the payment of principal and interest on such obligations.
The departure of one or more other countries from the European Union may have significant political and financial consequences for global markets. These consequences include greater market volatility and illiquidity, currency fluctuations, deterioration in economic activity, a decrease in business confidence and an increased likelihood of a recession in such markets. Uncertainty relating to the withdrawal procedures and time line may have adverse effects on asset valuations and the renegotiation of current trade agreements, as well as an increase in financial regulation in such markets. This may adversely impact Fund performance.
Higher Transaction Costs. Non-U.S. investments may entail higher custodial fees and sales commissions than U.S. investments.
Accounting and Regulatory Differences. Non-U.S. issuers of securities or obligations are often subject to accounting treatment and engage in business practices different from those of U.S. issuers of similar securities or obligations. In addition, non-U.S. issuers are usually not subject to the same degree of regulation as U.S. issuers, and their securities
may trade on relatively small markets, causing their securities to experience potentially higher volatility and more limited liquidity than securities of U.S. issuers. Non-U.S. branches of U.S. banks and non-U.S. banks are not regulated by U.S. banking authorities and may be subject to less stringent reserve requirements than those applicable to U.S. branches of U.S. banks. In addition, non-U.S. banks generally are not bound by accounting, auditing, and financial reporting standards comparable to those applicable to U.S. banks. Dividends and interest paid by non-U.S. issuers may be subject to withholding and other non-U.S. taxes which may decrease the net return on non-U.S. investments as compared to dividends and interest paid to the Fund by U.S. companies.
Brady Bonds. Brady bonds are securities created through the exchange of existing commercial bank loans to public and private entities in certain emerging markets for new bonds in connection with debt restructurings. Brady bonds have been issued since 1989. In light of the history of defaults of countries issuing Brady bonds on their commercial bank loans, investments in Brady bonds may be viewed as speculative and subject to the same risks as emerging market securities. Brady bonds may be fully or partially collateralized or uncollateralized, are issued in various currencies (but primarily the U.S. dollar) and are actively traded in over-the-counter (“OTC”) secondary markets. Incomplete collateralization of interest or principal payment obligations results in increased credit risk. Dollar-denominated collateralized Brady bonds, which may be either fixed-rate or floating rate bonds, are generally collateralized by U.S. Treasury securities.
Obligations of Supranational Entities. Obligations of supranational entities include securities designated or supported by governmental entities to promote economic reconstruction or development of international banking institutions and related government agencies. Examples include the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (the “World Bank”), the European Coal and Steel Community, the Asian Development Bank and the Inter-American Development Bank. Each supranational entity’s lending activities are limited to a percentage of its total capital (including “callable capital” contributed by its governmental members at the entity’s call), reserves and net income. There is no assurance that participating governments will be able or willing to honor their commitments to make capital contributions to a supranational entity.
Emerging Market Securities. Investing in companies domiciled in emerging market countries may be subject to potentially higher risks than investments in developed countries. These risks include: (i) less social, political, and economic stability; (ii) greater illiquidity and price volatility due to smaller or limited local capital markets for such securities, or low non-existent trading volumes; (iii) less scrutiny and regulation by local authorities of the non-U.S. exchanges and broker-dealers; (iv) the seizure or confiscation by local governments of securities held by non-U.S. investors, and the possible suspension or limiting by local governments of an issuer’s ability to make dividend or interest payments; (v) limiting or entirely restricting repatriation of invested capital, profits, and dividends by local governments; (vi) possible local taxation of capital gains, including on a retroactive basis; (vii) the attempt by issuers facing restrictions on dollar or euro payments imposed by local governments to make dividend or interest payments to non-U.S. investors in the local currency; (viii) difficulty in enforcing legal claims related to the securities and/or local judges favoring the interests of the issuer over those of non-U.S. investors; (ix) bankruptcy judgments being paid in the local currency; (x) greater difficulty in determining market valuations of the securities due to limited public information regarding the issuer, and (xi) difficulty of ascertaining the financial health of an issuer due to lax financial reporting on a regular basis, substandard disclosure and differences in accounting standards.
Emerging country securities markets are typically marked by a high concentration of market capitalization and trading volume in a small number of issuers representing a limited number of industries, as well as a high concentration of ownership of such securities by a limited number of investors. Although some emerging markets have become more established and tend to issue securities of higher credit quality, the markets for securities in other emerging countries are in the earliest stages of their development, and these countries issue securities across the credit spectrum. Even the markets for relatively widely traded securities in emerging countries may not be able to absorb, without price disruptions, a significant increase in trading volume or trades of a size customarily undertaken by institutional investors in the securities markets of developed countries. The limited size of many of these securities markets can cause prices to be erratic for reasons apart from factors that affect the soundness and competitiveness of the securities issuers. For example, prices may be unduly influenced by traders who control large positions in these markets. Additionally, market making and arbitrage activities are generally less extensive in such markets, which may contribute to increased volatility and reduced liquidity of such markets. The limited liquidity of emerging country securities may also affect the Fund’s ability to accurately value its portfolio securities or to acquire or dispose of securities at the price and time it wishes to do so or in order to meet redemption requests.
Many emerging market countries suffer from uncertainty and corruption in their legal frameworks. Legislation may be difficult to interpret and laws may be too new to provide any precedential value. Laws regarding non-U.S. investment and private property may be weak or non-existent. Sudden changes in governments may result in policies which are less
favorable to investors, such as policies designed to expropriate or nationalize “sovereign” assets. Certain emerging market countries in the past have expropriated large amounts of private property, in many cases with little or no compensation, and there can be no assurance that such expropriation will not occur in the future.
Non-U.S. investment in the securities markets of certain emerging countries is restricted or controlled to varying degrees. These restrictions may limit the Fund’s investment in certain emerging countries and may increase the expenses of the Fund. Certain emerging countries require governmental approval prior to investments by non-U.S. persons or limit investment by non-U.S. persons to only a specified percentage of an issuer’s outstanding securities or to a specific class of securities, which may have less advantageous terms (including price) than securities of the company available for purchase by nationals.
Many developing countries lack the social, political, and economic stability characteristic of the U.S. Political instability among emerging market countries can be common and may be caused by an uneven distribution of wealth, social unrest, labor strikes, civil wars, and religious oppression. Economic instability in emerging market countries may take the form of: (i) high interest rates; (ii) high levels of inflation, including hyperinflation; (iii) high levels of unemployment or underemployment; (iv) changes in government economic and tax policies, including confiscatory taxation; and (v) imposition of trade barriers.
Some emerging market countries have experienced balance of payment deficits and shortages in non-U.S. exchange reserves. Governments have responded by restricting currency conversions. Future restrictive exchange controls could prevent or restrict a company’s ability to make dividend or interest payments in the original currency of the obligation (usually U.S. dollars). In addition, even though the currencies of some emerging market countries may be convertible into U.S. dollars, the conversion rates may be artificial to their actual market values.
The Fund’s income and, in some cases, capital gains from non-U.S. stocks and securities will be subject to applicable taxation in certain of the countries in which it invests, and treaties between the U.S. and such countries may not be available in some cases to reduce the otherwise applicable tax rates. Non-U.S. markets also have different clearance and settlement procedures, and in certain markets there have been times when settlements have been unable to keep pace with the volume of securities transactions, making it difficult to conduct such transactions. Such delays in settlement could result in temporary periods when a portion of the assets of the Fund remains uninvested and no return is earned on such assets. The inability of the Fund to make intended security purchases or sales due to settlement problems could result either in losses to the Fund due to subsequent declines in value of the portfolio securities, in the Fund deeming those securities to be illiquid, or, if the Fund has entered into a contract to sell the securities, in possible liability to the purchaser.
In the past, governments within the emerging markets have become overly reliant on the international capital markets and other forms of non-U.S. credit to finance large public spending programs which cause huge budget deficits. Often, interest payments have become too overwhelming for a government to meet, representing a large percentage of total gross domestic product (“GDP”). These non-U.S. obligations have become the subject of political debate and have served as fuel for political parties of the opposition, which pressure the government not to make payments to non-U.S. creditors, but instead to use these funds for social programs. Either due to an inability to pay or submission to political pressure, non-U.S. governments have been forced to seek a restructuring of their loan and/or bond obligations, have declared a temporary suspension of interest payments or have defaulted. These events have adversely affected the values of securities issued by non-U.S. governments and corporations domiciled in emerging market countries and have negatively affected not only their cost of borrowing, but their ability to borrow in the future as well.
Sovereign Obligations. Sovereign debt includes investments in securities issued or guaranteed by a non-U.S. sovereign government or its agencies, authorities or political subdivisions. An investment in sovereign debt obligations involves special risks not present in corporate debt obligations. The issuer of the sovereign debt or the governmental authorities that control the repayment of the debt may be unable or unwilling to repay principal or interest when due, and the Fund may have limited recourse in the event of a default. During periods of economic uncertainty, the market prices of sovereign debt, and the Fund’s NAV, may be more volatile than prices of U.S. debt obligations. In the past, certain emerging markets have encountered difficulties in servicing their debt obligations, withheld payments of principal and interest and declared moratoria on the payment of principal and interest on their sovereign debts.
A sovereign debtor’s willingness or ability to repay principal and pay interest in a timely manner may be affected by, among other factors, its cash flow situation, the extent of its non-U.S. currency reserves, the availability of sufficient non-U.S. exchange, the relative size of the debt service burden, the sovereign debtor’s policy toward principal international lenders and local political constraints. Sovereign debtors may also be dependent on expected disbursements from non-U.S. governments, multilateral agencies and other entities to reduce principal and interest arrearages on their debt. The
failure of a sovereign debtor to implement economic reforms, achieve specified levels of economic performance or repay principal or interest when due may result in the cancellation of third-party commitments to lend funds to the sovereign debtor, which may further impair such debtor’s ability or willingness to service its debts.
Options and Futures Transactions
The Fund may purchase and sell exchange traded and OTC put and call options on securities, on indexes of securities and other types of instruments. The Fund may also purchase and sell futures contracts on securities and indexes of securities and other instruments such as interest rate futures and global interest rate futures. Each of these instruments is a derivative instrument as its value derives from the underlying asset or index.
Subject to its investment objective and policies, the Fund may use options for hedging and risk management purposes and to seek to enhance portfolio performance.
Options and futures contracts may be used to manage the Fund’s exposure to changing interest rates and/or security prices. Some options and futures strategies, including selling futures contracts and buying puts, tend to hedge the Fund’s investments against price fluctuations. Other strategies, including buying futures contracts and buying calls, tend to increase market exposure. Options and futures contracts may be combined with each other or with forward contracts in order to adjust the risk and return characteristics of the Fund’s overall strategy in a manner deemed appropriate by the Adviser and consistent with the Fund’s objective and policies. Because combined options positions involve multiple trades, they result in higher transaction costs and may be more difficult to open and close out.
The use of options and futures is a highly specialized activity which involves investment strategies and risks different from those associated with ordinary portfolio securities transactions, and there can be no guarantee that their use will increase the Fund’s return. While the use of these instruments by the Fund may reduce certain risks associated with owning its portfolio securities, these techniques themselves entail certain other risks. If the Fund’s Adviser applies a strategy at an inappropriate time or judges market conditions or trends incorrectly, options and futures strategies may lower the Fund’s return. Certain strategies limit the Fund’s possibilities to realize gains, as well as its exposure to losses. The Fund could also experience losses if the prices of its options and futures positions were poorly correlated with its other investments, or if it could not close out its positions because of an illiquid secondary market. In addition, the Fund will incur transaction costs, including trading commissions and option premiums, in connection with its futures and options transactions, and these transactions could significantly increase the Fund’s turnover rate.
Private Placements, Restricted Securities and Other Unregistered Securities
The Fund may acquire investments that are illiquid or have limited liquidity, such as commercial obligations issued in reliance on the so-called “private placement” exemption from registration afforded by Section 4(a)(2) under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “1933 Act”), and cannot be offered for public sale in the U.S. without first being registered under the 1933 Act. An illiquid investment is any investment that cannot be disposed of within seven days in the normal course of business at approximately the amount at which it is valued by the Fund. The price the Fund pays for illiquid securities or receives upon resale may be lower than the price paid or received for similar securities with a more liquid market. Accordingly the valuation of these securities will reflect any limitations on their liquidity.
The Fund is subject to a risk that should the Fund decide to sell illiquid securities when a ready buyer is not available at a price the Fund deems representative of their value, the value of the Fund’s net assets could be adversely affected. Where an illiquid security must be registered under the 1933 Act before it may be sold, the Fund may be obligated to pay all or part of the registration expenses, and a considerable period may elapse between the time of the decision to sell and the time the Fund may be permitted to sell a security under an effective registration statement. If, during such a period, adverse market conditions were to develop, the Fund might obtain a less favorable price than prevailed when it decided to sell.The Fund may invest in commercial paper issued in reliance on the exemption from registration afforded by Section 4(a)(2) of the 1933 Act and other restricted securities (i.e., other securities subject to restrictions on resale). Section 4(a)(2) commercial paper (“4(a)(2) paper”) is restricted as to disposition under federal securities law and is generally sold to institutional investors, such as the Fund agrees that it is purchasing the paper for investment purposes and not with a view to public distribution. Any resale by the purchaser must be in an exempt transaction. 4(a)(2) paper is normally resold to other institutional investors through or with the assistance of the issuer or investment dealers who make a market in 4(a)(2) paper, thus providing liquidity. The Fund believes that 4(a)(2) paper and possibly certain other restricted securities which meet the criteria for liquidity established by the Trustees are quite liquid. The Fund intends, therefore, to treat restricted securities that meet the liquidity criteria established by the Board of Trustees, including 4(a)(2) paper and Rule 144A Securities, as determined by the Trust’s Valuation & Liquidity Committee, as liquid.
The Fund has no restriction as to the amount of its assets (valued at the purchase date) that may be invested in illiquid securities.
Repurchase Agreements
Under the terms of a repurchase agreement, the Fund would acquire securities from a seller, also known as the repurchase agreement counterparty, subject to the seller’s agreement to repurchase such securities at a mutually agreed-upon date and price. The repurchase price would generally equal the price paid by the Fund plus interest negotiated on the basis of current short-term rates, which may be more or less than the rate on the underlying portfolio securities. The seller under a repurchase agreement will be required to maintain the value of collateral held pursuant to the agreement at not less than the repurchase price (including accrued interest).
If the seller were to default on its repurchase obligation or become insolvent, the Fund would suffer a loss to the extent that the proceeds from a sale of the underlying portfolio securities were less than the repurchase price under the agreement, or to the extent that the disposition of such securities by the Fund were delayed pending court action. Additionally, there is no controlling legal precedent under U.S. law and there may be no controlling legal precedents under the laws of certain non-U.S. jurisdictions confirming that the Fund would be entitled, as against a claim by such seller or its receiver or trustee in bankruptcy, to retain the underlying securities, although (with respect to repurchase agreements subject to U.S. law) the Board of Trustees of the Trust believes that, under the regular procedures normally in effect for custody of the Fund’s securities subject to repurchase agreements and under federal laws, a court of competent jurisdiction would rule in favor of the Trust if presented with the question. Securities subject to repurchase agreements will be held by the Trust’s custodian or another qualified custodian or in the Federal Reserve/Treasury book-entry system. Repurchase agreements are considered by the SEC to be loans by the Fund under the 1940 Act.
Repurchase agreement counterparties include Federal Reserve member banks with assets in excess of $1 billion and registered broker dealers that the Adviser deems creditworthy under guidelines approved by the Board of Trustees.
Reverse Repurchase Agreements
In a reverse repurchase agreement, the Fund sells a security and agrees to repurchase the same security at a mutually agreed upon date and price reflecting the interest rate effective for the term of the agreement. For purposes of the 1940 Act, a reverse repurchase agreement is considered borrowing by the Fund and, therefore, a form of leverage. Leverage may cause any gains or losses for the Fund to be magnified. The Fund will invest the proceeds of borrowings under reverse repurchase agreements. In addition, except for liquidity purposes, the Fund will enter into a reverse repurchase agreement only when the expected return from the investment of the proceeds is greater than the expense of the transaction. The Fund will not invest the proceeds of a reverse repurchase agreement for a period which exceeds the duration of the reverse repurchase agreement. Fund would be required to pay interest on amounts obtained through reverse repurchase agreements, which are considered borrowings under federal securities laws. The repurchase price is generally equal to the original sales price plus interest. Reverse repurchase agreements are usually for seven days or less and cannot be repaid prior to their expiration dates. The Fund will earmark and reserve Fund assets, in cash or liquid securities, in an amount at least equal to its purchase obligations under its reverse repurchase agreements. Reverse repurchase agreements involve the risk that the market value of the portfolio securities transferred may decline below the price at which the Fund is obliged to purchase the securities. All forms of borrowing (including reverse repurchase agreements) are limited in the aggregate and may not exceed 33-1/3% of the Fund’s total assets, except as permitted by law.
Securities Issued in Connection with Reorganizations and Corporate Restructuring
Debt securities may be downgraded and issuers of debt securities including investment grade securities may default in the payment of principal or interest or be subject to bankruptcy proceedings. In connection with reorganizing or restructuring of an issuer, an issuer may issue common stock or other securities to holders of its debt securities. The Fund may hold such common stock and other securities even though it does not ordinarily invest in such securities.
Short-Term Funding Agreements
To enhance yield, the Fund may make limited investments in short-term funding agreements issued by banks and highly rated U.S. insurance companies. Short-term funding agreements issued by insurance companies are sometimes referred to as Guaranteed Investment Contracts (“GICs”), while those issued by banks are referred to as Bank Investment Contracts (“BICs”). Pursuant to such agreements, the Fund makes cash contributions to a deposit account at a bank or insurance company. The bank or insurance company then credits to the Fund on a monthly basis guaranteed interest at
either a fixed, variable or floating rate. These contracts are general obligations of the issuing bank or insurance company (although they may be the obligations of an insurance company separate account) and are paid from the general assets of the issuing entity.
The Fund will purchase short-term funding agreements only from banks and insurance companies which, at the time of purchase, are rated in one of the three highest rating categories and have assets of $1 billion or more. Generally, there is no active secondary market in short-term funding agreements. Therefore, short-term funding agreements may be considered by the Fund to be illiquid investments.
Structured Instruments
A structured investment is a security having a return tied to an underlying index or other security or asset class. Structured investments generally are individually negotiated agreements and may be traded over-the-counter. Structured investments are organized and operated to restructure the investment characteristics of the underlying security. This restructuring involves the deposit with or purchase by an entity, such as a corporation or trust, or specified instruments (such as commercial bank loans) and the issuance by that entity or one or more classes of securities (“structured securities”) backed by, or representing interests in, the underlying instruments. The cash flow on the underlying instruments may be apportioned among the newly issued structured securities to create securities with different investment characteristics, such as varying maturities, payment priorities and interest rate provisions, and the extent of such payments made with respect to structured securities is dependent on the extent of the cash flow on the underlying instruments. Because structured securities typically involve no credit enhancement, their credit risk generally will be equivalent to that of the underlying instruments. Investments in structured securities are generally of a class of structured securities that is either subordinated or unsubordinated to the right of payment of another class. Subordinated structured securities typically have higher yields and present greater risks than unsubordinated structured securities. Structured instruments include structured notes. In addition to the risks applicable to investments in structured investments and debt securities in general, structured notes bear the risk that the issuer may not be required to pay interest on the structured note if the index rate rises above or falls below a certain level. Structured securities are typically sold in private placement transactions, and there currently is no active trading market for structured securities. Investments in government and government-related restructured debt instruments are subject to special risks, including the inability or unwillingness to repay principal and interest, requests to reschedule or restructure outstanding debt and requests to extend additional loan amounts. Structured investments include a wide variety of instruments including, without limitation, Collateralized Debt Obligations, credit linked notes, and participation notes and participatory notes.
Structured instruments that are registered under the federal securities laws may be treated as liquid. In addition, many structured instruments may not be registered under the federal securities laws. In that event, the Fund’s ability to resell such a structured instrument may be more limited than its ability to resell other Fund securities. The Fund will treat such instruments as illiquid.
Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses set forth in the fee table and Financial Highlights section of the Prospectus do not include any expenses associated with investments in certain structured or synthetic products that may rely on the exception for the definition of “investment company” provided by section 3(c)(1) or 3(c)(7) of the 1940 Act.
Credit Linked Notes. Credit linked securities or credit linked notes (“CLNs”) are typically issued by a limited purpose trust or other vehicle (the “CLN trust”) that, in turn, invests in a derivative or basket of derivatives instruments, such as credit default swaps, interest rate swaps and/or other securities, in order to provide exposure to certain high yield, sovereign debt, emerging markets, or other fixed income markets. Generally, investments in CLNs represent the right to receive periodic income payments (in the form of distributions) and payment of principal at the end of the term of the CLN. However, these payments are conditioned on the CLN trust’s receipt of payments from, and the CLN trust’s potential obligations, to the counterparties to the derivative instruments and other securities in which the CLN trust invests. For example, the CLN trust may sell one or more credit default swaps, under which the CLN trust would receive a stream of payments over the term of the swap agreements provided that no event of default has occurred with respect to the referenced debt obligation upon which the swap is based. If a default were to occur, the stream of payments may stop and the CLN trust would be obligated to pay the counterparty the par (or other agreed upon value) of the referenced debt obligation. This, in turn, would reduce the amount of income and principal that the Fund would receive as an investor in the CLN trust.
The Fund may enter into CLNs structured as “First-to-Default” CLNs. In a First-to-Default CLN, the CLN trust enters into a credit default swap on a portfolio of a specified number of individual securities pursuant to which the CLN trust sells protection to a counterparty. The CLN trust uses the proceeds of issuing investments in the CLN trust to purchase securities, which are selected by the counterparty and the total return of which is paid to the counterparty. Upon the
occurrence of a default or credit event involving any one of the individual securities, the credit default swaps terminate and the Fund’s investment in the CLN trust is redeemed for an amount equal to “par” minus the amount paid to the counterparty under the credit default swap.
The Fund may also enter in CLNs to gain access to sovereign debt and securities in emerging market particularly in markets where the Fund is not able to purchase securities directly due to domicile restrictions or tax restrictions or tariffs. In such an instance, the issuer of the CLN may purchase the reference security directly and/or gain exposure through a credit default swap or other derivative.
The Fund’s investments in CLNs is subject to the risks associated with the underlying reference obligations and derivative instruments, including, among others, credit risk, default or similar event risk, counterparty risk, interest rate risk, leverage risk and management risk.
Participation Notes and Participatory Notes. The Fund may invest in instruments that have similar economic characteristics to equity securities, such as participation notes (also known as participatory notes (“P-notes”)) or other structured instruments that may be developed from time to time (“structured instruments”). Structured instruments are notes that are issued by banks, broker-dealers or their affiliates and are designed to offer a return linked to a particular underlying equity or market.
If the structured instrument were held to maturity, the issuer would pay to the purchaser the underlying instrument’s value at maturity with any necessary adjustments. The holder of a structured instrument that is linked to a particular underlying security or instrument may be entitled to receive dividends paid in connection with that underlying security or instrument, but typically does not receive voting rights as it would if it directly owned the underlying security or instrument. Structured instruments have transaction costs. In addition, there can be no assurance that there will be a trading market for a structured instrument or that the trading price of a structured instrument will equal the underlying value of the security, instrument or market that it seeks to replicate. Unlike a direct investment in equity securities, structured instruments typically involve a term or expiration date, potentially increasing the Fund’s turnover rate, transaction costs and tax liability.
Due to transfer restrictions, the secondary markets on which a structured instrument is traded may be less liquid than the market for other securities, or may be completely illiquid, which may expose the Fund to risks of mispricing or improper valuation. Structured instruments typically constitute general unsecured contractual obligations of the banks, broker-dealers or their relevant affiliates that issue them, which subjects the Fund to counterparty risk (and this risk may be amplified if the Fund purchases structured instruments from only a small number of issuers). Structured instruments also have the same risks associated with a direct investment in the underlying securities, instruments or markets that they seek to replicate.
Swaps and Related Swap Products
Swap transactions may include, but are not limited to, interest rate swaps, forward rate agreements, contracts for differences, total return swaps, index swaps, basket swaps, specific security swaps, fixed income sectors swaps, commodity swaps, asset-backed swaps (“ABX”), CMBS and indexes of CMBS (“CMBX”), credit default swaps, interest rate caps, price lock swaps, floors and collars and swaptions (collectively defined as “swap transactions”).
The Fund may enter into swap transactions for any legal purpose consistent with its investment objective and policies, such as for the purpose of attempting to obtain or preserve a particular return or spread at a lower cost than obtaining that return or spread through purchases and/or sales of instruments in cash markets, to protect against any increase in the price of securities the Fund anticipates purchasing at a later date, or to gain exposure to certain markets in the most economical way possible.
Swap agreements are two-party contracts entered into primarily by institutional counterparties for periods ranging from a few weeks to several years. In a standard swap transaction, two parties agree to exchange the returns (or differentials in rates of return) that would be earned or realized on specified notional investments or instruments. The gross returns to be exchanged or “swapped” between the parties are calculated by reference to a “notional amount,” i.e., the return on or increase in value of a particular dollar amount invested at a particular interest rate, in a “basket” of securities representing a particular index. The purchaser of an interest rate cap or floor, upon payment of a fee, has the right to receive payments (and the seller of the cap or floor is obligated to make payments) to the extent a specified interest rate exceeds (in the case of a cap) or is less than (in the case of a floor) a specified level over a specified period of time or at specified dates. The purchaser of an interest rate collar, upon payment of a fee, has the right to receive payments (and the seller of the collar is obligated to make payments) to the extent that a specified interest rate falls
outside an agreed upon range over a specified period of time or at specified dates. The purchaser of an option on an interest rate swap, also known as a “swaption,” upon payment of a fee (either at the time of purchase or in the form of higher payments or lower receipts within an interest rate swap transaction) has the right, but not the obligation, to initiate a new swap transaction of a pre-specified notional amount with pre-specified terms with the seller of the swaption as the counterparty.
The “notional amount” of a swap transaction is the agreed upon basis for calculating the payments that the parties have agreed to exchange. For example, one swap counterparty may agree to pay a floating rate of interest calculated based on a $10 million notional amount on a quarterly basis in exchange for receipt of payments calculated based on the same notional amount and a fixed rate of interest on a semi-annual basis. In the event the Fund is obligated to make payments more frequently than it receives payments from the other party, it will incur incremental credit exposure to that swap counterparty. This risk may be mitigated somewhat by the use of swap agreements which call for a net payment to be made by the party with the larger payment obligation when the obligations of the parties fall due on the same date. Under most swap agreements entered into by the Fund, payments by the parties will be exchanged on a “net basis”, and the Fund will receive or pay, as the case may be, only the net amount of the two payments.
The amount of the Fund’s potential gain or loss on any swap transaction is not subject to any fixed limit. Nor is there any fixed limit on the Fund’s potential loss if it sells a cap or collar. If the Fund buys a cap, floor or collar, however, the Fund’s potential loss is limited to the amount of the fee that it has paid. When measured against the initial amount of cash required to initiate the transaction, which is typically zero in the case of most conventional swap transactions, swaps, caps, floors and collars tend to be more volatile than many other types of instruments.
The use of swap transactions, caps, floors and collars involves investment techniques and risks that are different from those associated with portfolio security transactions. If the Adviser is incorrect in its forecasts of market values, interest rates, and other applicable factors, the investment performance of the Fund will be less favorable than if these techniques had not been used. These instruments are typically not traded on exchanges. Accordingly, there is a risk that the other party to certain of these instruments will not perform its obligations to the Fund or that the Fund may be unable to enter into offsetting positions to terminate its exposure or liquidate its position under certain of these instruments when it wishes to do so. Such occurrences could result in losses to the Fund. The Adviser will consider such risks and will enter into swap and other derivatives transactions only when it believes that the risks are not unreasonable.
The Fund will earmark and reserve Fund assets, in cash or liquid securities, in an amount sufficient at all times to cover its current obligations under its swap transactions, caps, floors and collars. If the Fund enters into a swap agreement on a net basis, it will earmark and reserve assets with a daily value at least equal to the excess, if any, of the Fund’s accrued obligations under the swap agreement over the accrued amount the Fund is entitled to receive under the agreement. If the Fund enters into a swap agreement on other than a net basis, or sells a cap, floor or collar, it will earmark and reserve assets with a daily value at least equal to the full amount of the Fund’s accrued obligations under the agreement. The Fund will not enter into any swap transaction, cap, floor, or collar, unless the counterparty to the transaction is deemed creditworthy by the Adviser. If a counterparty defaults, the Fund may have contractual remedies pursuant to the agreements related to the transaction. The swap markets in which many types of swap transactions are traded have grown substantially in recent years, with a large number of banks and investment banking firms acting both as principals and as agents utilizing standardized swap documentation. As a result, the markets for certain types of swaps (e.g., interest rate swaps) have become relatively liquid. The markets for some types of caps, floors and collars are less liquid.
The liquidity of swap transactions, caps, floors and collars will be as set forth in guidelines established by the Adviser and approved by the Trustees which are based on various factors, including: (1) the availability of dealer quotations and the estimated transaction volume for the instrument, (2) the number of dealers and end users for the instrument in the marketplace, (3) the level of market making by dealers in the type of instrument, (4) the nature of the instrument (including any right of a party to terminate it on demand) and (5) the nature of the marketplace for trades (including the ability to assign or offset the Fund’s rights and obligations relating to the instrument). Such determination will govern whether the instrument will be deemed within the applicable liquidity restriction on investments in securities that are not readily marketable.
During the term of a swap, cap, floor or collar, changes in the value of the instrument are recognized as unrealized gains or losses by marking to market to reflect the market value of the instrument. When the instrument is terminated, the Fund will record a realized gain or loss equal to the difference, if any, between the proceeds from (or cost of) the closing transaction and the Fund’s basis in the contract.
The federal income tax treatment with respect to swap transactions, caps, floors, and collars may impose limitations on the extent to which the Fund may engage in such transactions.
Credit Default Swaps. As described above, swap agreements are two party contracts entered into primarily by institutional investors for periods ranging from a few weeks to more than one year. In the case of a credit default swap (“CDS”), the contract gives one party (the buyer) the right to recoup the economic value of a decline in the value of debt securities of the reference issuer if the credit event (a downgrade or default) occurs. This value is obtained by delivering a debt security of the reference issuer to the party in return for a previously agreed payment from the other party (frequently, the par value of the debt security). CDS include credit default swaps, which are contracts on individual securities, and CDX, which are contracts on baskets or indices of securities.
Credit default swaps may require initial premium (discount) payments as well as periodic payments (receipts) related to the interest leg of the swap or to the default of a reference obligation. The Fund will earmark and reserve assets, in cash or liquid securities, to cover any accrued payment obligations when it is the buyer of a CDS. In cases where the Fund is a seller of a CDS contract, the Fund will earmark and reserve assets, in cash or liquid securities, to cover its obligation (for credit default swaps on individual securities, such amount will be the notional amount of the CDS).
If the Fund is a seller of protection under a CDS contract, the Fund would be required to pay the par (or other agreed upon) value of a referenced debt obligation to the counterparty in the event of a default or other credit event by the reference issuer, such as a U.S. or non-U.S. corporate issuer, with respect to such debt obligations. In return, the Fund would receive from the counterparty a periodic stream of payments over the term of the contract provided that no event of default has occurred. If no default occurs, the Fund would keep the stream of payments and would have no payment obligations. As the seller, the Fund would be subject to investment exposure on the notional amount of the swap.
If the Fund is a buyer of protection under a CDS contract, the Fund would have the right to deliver a referenced debt obligation and receive the par (or other agreed-upon) value of such debt obligation from the counterparty in the event of a default or other credit event (such as a downgrade in credit rating) by the reference issuer, such as a U.S. or non-U.S. corporation, with respect to its debt obligations. In return, the Fund would pay the counterparty a periodic stream of payments over the term of the contract provided that no event of default has occurred. If no default occurs, the counterparty would keep the stream of payments and would have no further obligations to the Fund.
The use of CDSs, like all swap agreements, is subject to certain risks. If a counterparty’s creditworthiness declines, the value of the swap would likely decline. Moreover, there is no guarantee that the Fund could eliminate its exposure under an outstanding swap agreement by entering into an offsetting swap agreement with the same or another party. In addition to general market risks, CDSs involve liquidity, credit and counterparty risks. The recent increase in corporate defaults further raises these liquidity and credit risks, increasing the possibility that sellers will not have sufficient funds to make payments. As unregulated instruments, CDSs are difficult to value and are therefore susceptible to liquidity and credit risks. Counterparty risks also stem from the lack of regulation of CDSs. Collateral posting requirements are individually negotiated between counterparties and there is no regulatory requirement concerning the amount of collateral that a counterparty must post to secure its obligations under a CDS. Because they are unregulated, there is no requirement that parties to a contract be informed in advance when a CDS is sold. As a result, investors may have difficulty identifying the party responsible for payment of their claims.
If a counterparty’s credit becomes significantly impaired, multiple requests for collateral posting in a short period of time could increase the risk that the Fund may not receive adequate collateral. There is no readily available market for trading out of CDS contracts. In order to eliminate a position it has taken in a CDS, the Fund must terminate the existing CDS contract or enter into an offsetting trade. The Fund may only exit its obligations under a CDS contract by terminating the contract and paying applicable breakage fees, which could result in additional losses to the Fund. Furthermore, the cost of entering into an offsetting CDS position could cause the Fund to incur losses.
Synthetic Variable Rate Instruments
Synthetic variable rate instruments generally involve the deposit of a long-term tax exempt bond in a custody or trust arrangement and the creation of a mechanism to adjust the long-term interest rate on the bond to a variable short-term rate and a right (subject to certain conditions) on the part of the purchaser to tender it periodically to a third party at par. The Adviser reviews the structure of synthetic variable rate instruments to identify credit and liquidity risks (including the conditions under which the right to tender the instrument would no longer be available) and will monitor those risks. In the event that the right to tender the instrument is no longer available, the risk to the Fund will be that of holding the long-term bond. In the case of some types of instruments credit enhancement is not provided, and if certain events occur, which may include (a) default in the payment of principal or interest on the underlying bond, (b) downgrading of the bond
below investment grade or (c) a loss of the bond’s tax exempt status, then the put will terminate and the risk to the Fund will be that of holding a long-term bond.
Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses set forth in the fee table and Financial Highlights section of the Fund’s Prospectus do not include any expenses associated with investments in certain structured or synthetic products that may rely on the exception for the definition of “investment company” provided by section 3(c)(1) or 3(c)(7) of the 1940 Act.
Temporary Strategies
From time to time, the Fund may take temporary defensive positions that are inconsistent with the Fund’s principal investment strategies, in attempting to respond to adverse market, economic, political, or other conditions. For example, the Fund may hold all or a portion of its assets in money market instruments (high quality income securities with maturities of less than one year), securities of money market funds or U.S. Government repurchase agreements. The Fund may also invest in such investments at any time to maintain liquidity or pending selection of investments in accordance with its policies. As a result, the Fund may not achieve its investment objective. If the Fund acquires securities of money market funds, the shareholders of the Fund will be subject to duplicative management fees and other expenses.
Trust Preferred Securities
Trust preferred securities, also known as “trust preferreds,” are preferred stocks issued by a special purpose trust subsidiary backed by subordinated debt of the corporate parent. An issuer creates trust preferred securities by creating a trust and issuing debt to the trust. The trust in turn issues trust preferred securities. Trust preferred securities are hybrid securities with characteristics of both subordinated debt and preferred stock. Such characteristics include long maturities (typically 30 years or more), early redemption by the issuer, periodic fixed or variable interest payments, and maturities at face value. In addition, trust preferred securities issued by a bank holding company may allow deferral of interest payments for up to 5 years. Holders of trust preferred securities have limited voting rights to control the activities of the trust and no voting rights with respect to the parent company.
Direct U.S. Government Obligations
U.S. government obligations may include direct obligations of the U.S. Treasury, including Treasury bills, notes and bonds, all of which are backed as to principal and interest payments by the full faith and credit of the U.S., and separately traded principal and interest component parts of such obligations that are transferable through the Federal book-entry system known as STRIPS and CUBES. U.S. government obligations are subject to market risk, interest rate risk and credit risk.
The principal and interest components of U.S. Treasury bonds with remaining maturities of longer than ten years are eligible to be traded independently under the STRIPS program. Under the STRIPS program, the principal and interest components are separately issued by the U.S. Treasury at the request of depository financial institutions, which then trade the component parts separately. The interest component of STRIPS may be more volatile than that of U.S. Treasury bills with comparable maturities.
Other obligations include those issued or guaranteed by U.S. government agencies or instrumentalities. These obligations may or may not be backed by the “full faith and credit” of the U.S. Securities which are backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. include obligations of the Government National Mortgage Association, the Farmers Home Administration, and the Export-Import Bank. In the case of securities not backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S., the Fund must look principally to the federal agency issuing or guaranteeing the obligation for ultimate repayment and may not be able to assert a claim against the U.S. itself in the event the agency or instrumentality does not meet its commitments. Securities in which the Fund may invest that are not backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. include, but are not limited to: (i) obligations of the Tennessee Valley Authority, the Federal Home Loan Banks and the U.S. Postal Service, each of which has the right to borrow from the U.S. Treasury to meet its obligations; (ii) securities issued by Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae, which are supported only by the credit of such securities, but for which the Secretary of the Treasury has discretionary authority to purchase limited amounts of the agency’s obligations; and (iii) obligations of the Federal Farm Credit System and the Student Loan Marketing Association, each of whose obligations may be satisfied only by the individual credits of the issuing agency.
The total public debt of the United States and other countries around the globe as a percent of gross domestic product has grown rapidly since the beginning of the 2008 financial downturn. Although high debt levels do not necessarily indicate or cause economic problems, they may create certain systemic risks if sound debt management practices are not implemented. A high national debt level may increase market pressures to meet government funding needs, which may
drive debt cost higher and cause a country to sell additional debt, thereby increasing refinancing risk. A high national debt also raises concerns that a government will not be able to make principal or interest payments when they are due. Unsustainable debt levels can cause devaluations of currency, prevent a government from implementing effective counter-cyclical fiscal policy in economic downturns, and contribute to market volatility.
In the past, U.S. sovereign credit has experienced downgrades and there can be no guarantee that it will not experience further downgrades in the future by rating agencies. The market prices and yields of securities supported by the full faith and credit of the U.S. Government may be adversely affected by a rating agency’s decision to downgrade the sovereign credit rating of the United States.
Variable and Floating Rate Instruments
Certain obligations purchased by the Fund may carry variable or floating rates of interest, may involve a conditional or unconditional demand feature and may include variable amount master demand notes. Variable and floating rate instruments are issued by a wide variety of issuers and may be issued for a wide variety of purposes, including as a method of reconstructing cash flows.
Subject to their investment objective policies and restrictions, the Fund may acquire variable and floating rate instruments. A variable rate instrument is one whose terms provide for the adjustment of its interest rate on set dates and which, upon such adjustment, can reasonably be expected to have a market value that approximates its par value. The Fund may purchase extendable commercial notes. Extendable commercial notes are variable rate notes which normally mature within a short period of time (e.g., 1 month) but which may be extended by the issuer for a maximum maturity of thirteen months.
A floating rate instrument is one whose terms provide for the adjustment of its interest rate whenever a specified interest rate changes and which, at any time, can reasonably be expected to have a market value that approximates its par value. Floating rate instruments are frequently not rated by credit rating agencies; however, unrated variable and floating rate instruments purchased by the Fund will be determined by the Adviser to be of comparable quality at the time of purchase to rated instruments eligible for purchase under the Fund’s investment policies. In making such determinations, the Adviser will consider the earning power, cash flow and other liquidity ratios of the issuers of such instruments (such issuers include financial, merchandising, bank holding and other companies) and will continuously monitor their financial condition. There may be no active secondary market with respect to a particular variable or floating rate instrument purchased by the Fund. The absence of such an active secondary market could make it difficult for the Fund to dispose of the variable or floating rate instrument involved in the event the issuer of the instrument defaulted on its payment obligations, and the Fund could, for this or other reasons, suffer a loss to the extent of the default. Variable or floating rate instruments may be secured by bank letters of credit or other assets. The Fund may purchase a variable or floating rate instrument to facilitate portfolio liquidity or to permit investment of the Fund’s assets at a favorable rate of return.
As a result of the floating and variable rate nature of these investments, the Fund's yields may decline, and they may forego the opportunity for capital appreciation during periods when interest rates decline; however, during periods when interest rates increase, the Fund's yields may increase, and they may have reduced risk of capital depreciation.
Past periods of high inflation, together with the fiscal measures adopted to attempt to deal with it, have seen wide fluctuations in interest rates, particularly “prime rates” charged by banks. While the value of the underlying floating or variable rate securities may change with changes in interest rates generally, the nature of the underlying floating or variable rate should minimize changes in value of the instruments. Accordingly, as interest rates decrease or increase, the potential for capital appreciation and the risk of potential capital depreciation is less than would be the case with a portfolio of fixed rate securities. The Fund’s portfolio may contain floating or variable rate securities on which stated minimum or maximum rates, or maximum rates set by state law limit the degree to which interest on such floating or variable rate securities may fluctuate; to the extent it does, increases or decreases in value may be somewhat greater than would be the case without such limits. Because the adjustment of interest rates on the floating or variable rate securities is made in relation to movements of the applicable banks’ “prime rates” or other short-term rate securities adjustment indices, the floating or variable rate securities are not comparable to long-term fixed rate securities. Accordingly, interest rates on the floating or variable rate securities may be higher or lower than current market rates for fixed rate obligations of comparable quality with similar maturities.
Variable Amount Master Notes. Variable amount master notes are notes, which may possess a demand feature, that permit the indebtedness to vary and provide for periodic adjustments in the interest rate according to the terms of the instrument. Variable amount master notes may not be secured by collateral. To the extent that variable amount master
notes are secured by collateral, they are subject to the risks described under the section “Loans— Collateral and Subordination Risk.”
Because master notes are direct lending arrangements between the Fund and the issuer of the notes, they are not normally traded. Although there is no secondary market in the notes, the Fund may demand payment of principal and accrued interest. If the Fund is not repaid such principal and accrued interest, the Fund may not be able to dispose of the notes due to the lack of a secondary market.
While master notes are not typically rated by credit rating agencies, issuers of variable amount master notes (which are normally manufacturing, retail, financial, brokerage, investment banking and other business concerns) must satisfy the same criteria as those set forth with respect to commercial paper, if any, in Part I of this SAI under the heading “Diversification”. The Adviser will consider the credit risk of the issuers of such notes, including its earning power, cash flow, and other liquidity ratios of such issuers and will continuously monitor their financial status and ability to meet payment on demand. In determining average weighted portfolio maturity, a variable amount master note will be deemed to have a maturity equal to the period of time remaining until the principal amount can be recovered from the issuer.
Variable Rate Instruments and Money Market Funds. Variable or floating rate instruments with stated maturities of more than 397 days may, under the SEC’s amortized cost rule applicable to money market funds, Rule 2a-7 under the 1940 Act, be deemed to have shorter maturities (other than in connection with the calculation of dollar-weighted average life to maturity of a portfolio) as follows:
(1)Adjustable Rate Government Securities. A Government Security which is a variable rate security where the variable rate of interest is readjusted no less frequently than every 397 days shall be deemed to have a maturity equal to the period remaining until the next readjustment of the interest rate. A Government Security which is a floating rate security shall be deemed to have a remaining maturity of one day.
(2)Short-Term Variable Rate Securities. A variable rate security, the principal amount of which, in accordance with the terms of the security, must unconditionally be paid in 397 calendar days or less shall be deemed to have maturity equal to the earlier of the period remaining until the next readjustment of the interest rate or the period remaining until the principal amount can be recovered through demand.
(3)Long-Term Variable Rate Securities. A variable rate security, the principal amount of which is scheduled to be paid in more than 397 days, that is subject to a demand feature shall be deemed to have a maturity equal to the longer of the period remaining until the next readjustment of the interest rate or the period remaining until the principal amount can be recovered through demand.
(4)Short-Term Floating Rate Securities. A floating rate security, the principal amount of which, in accordance with the terms of the security, must unconditionally be paid in 397 calendar days or less shall be deemed to have a maturity of one day.
(5)Long-Term Floating Rate Securities. A floating rate security, the principal amount of which is scheduled to be paid in more than 397 days, that is subject to a demand feature, shall be deemed to have a maturity equal to the period remaining until the principal amount can be recovered through demand.
When-Issued Securities and Forward Commitments
The Fund may purchase securities on a when-issued basis and may purchase or sell securities on a forward commitment basis. The delivery of and payment for these securities can take place a month or more after the date of the purchase commitment. The purchase price and the interest rate payable, if any, on the securities are fixed on the purchase commitment date or at the time the settlement date is fixed. The value of such securities is subject to market fluctuation, and for money market instruments and other fixed income securities, no interest accrues to the Fund until settlement takes place. At the time the Fund makes the commitment to purchase securities on a forward commitment or when-issued basis, it will record the transaction, reflect the value each day of such securities in determining its NAV and, if applicable, calculate the maturity for the purposes of average maturity from that date. At the time of settlement, the value may be more or less than the purchase price. The Fund will maintain cash or cash equivalents or other portfolio securities equal in value to commitments for such forward commitment or when-issued transactions.
Securities purchased on a forward commitment or when-issued basis may expose the Fund to risks because they may experience changes in value prior to their settlement date based upon the public’s perception of the issuer and changes, real or anticipated, in the level of interest rates. Purchasing securities on a forward commitment or when-issued
basis can involve the risk that the yields available in the market when the delivery takes place may actually be higher or lower than those obtained in the transaction itself. Purchasing securities on a forward commitment or when-issued basis can also involve the risk of default by the other party on its obligation, delaying or preventing the Fund from completing the transaction.
To the extent the Fund engages in forward commitment or when-issued transactions, it will do so for the purpose of acquiring securities consistent with its investment objective and policies and not for the purpose of investment leverage.
Zero-Coupon, Pay-in-Kind and Deferred Payment Securities
Zero-coupon securities are securities that are sold at a discount to par value and on which interest payments are not made during the life of the security. Upon maturity, the holder is entitled to receive the par value of the security. Pay-in-kind securities are securities that have interest payable by delivery of additional securities. Upon maturity, the holder is entitled to receive the aggregate par value of the securities. The Fund accrues income with respect to zero-coupon and pay-in-kind securities prior to the receipt of cash payments. Deferred payment securities are securities that remain zero-coupon securities until a predetermined date, at which time the stated coupon rate becomes effective and interest becomes payable at regular intervals. While interest payments are not made on such securities, holders of such securities are deemed to have received “phantom income.” Because the Fund will distribute “phantom income” to shareholders, to the extent that shareholders elect to receive dividends in cash rather than reinvesting such dividends in additional shares, the applicable Fund will have fewer assets with which to purchase income-producing securities. Zero-coupon, pay-in-kind and deferred payment securities may be subject to greater fluctuation in value and lesser liquidity in the event of adverse market conditions than comparably rated securities paying cash interest at regular interest payment periods.
Other Risks
Securities Lending
To generate additional income, the Fund may lend up to 33-1/3% of its total assets pursuant to agreements requiring that the loan be continuously secured by collateral equal to at least 100% of the market value plus accrued interest on the securities lent.
Loans are subject to termination by the Fund or the borrower at any time, and are therefore not considered to be illiquid investments. The Fund does not have the right to vote proxies for securities on loan. However, the Adviser may terminate a loan if the vote is considered material with respect to an investment.
Securities lending involves counterparty risk, including the risk that the loaned securities may not be returned or returned in a timely manner and/or a loss of rights in the collateral if the borrower or the lending agent defaults or fails financially. This risk is increased when the Fund’s loans are concentrated with a single or limited number of borrowers. The earnings on the collateral invested may not be sufficient to pay fees incurred in connection with the loan. Also, the principal value of the collateral invested may decline and may not be sufficient to pay back the borrower for the amount of collateral posted. There are no limits on the number of borrowers the Fund may use and the Fund may lend securities to only one or a small group of borrowers.
To the extent that the value or return of the Fund’s investments of the cash collateral declines below the amount owed to a borrower, the Fund may incur losses that exceed the amount it earned on lending the security. In situations where the Adviser does not believe that it is prudent to sell the cash collateral investments in the market, the Fund may borrow money to repay the borrower the amount of cash collateral owed to the borrower upon return of the loaned securities. This will result in financial leverage, which may cause the Fund to be more volatile because financial leverage tends to exaggerate the effect of any increase or decrease in the value of the Fund’s portfolio securities.
Operational Risk
An investment in the Fund, like any mutual fund, can involve operational risks arising from factors such as processing errors, human errors, inadequate or failed internal or external processes, failures in systems and technology, changes in personnel and errors caused by third-party service providers. The occurrence of any of these failures, errors or breaches could result in a loss of information, regulatory scrutiny, reputational damage or other events, any of which could have a material adverse effect on the Fund. While the Fund seeks to minimize such events through controls and oversight, there may still be failures that could cause losses to the Fund.
Cybersecurity Risk
The computer systems, networks and devices used by the Fund and its service providers to carry out routine business operations employ a variety of protections designed to prevent damage or interruption from computer viruses, network failures, computer and telecommunication failures, infiltration by unauthorized persons and security breaches. Despite the various protections utilized by the Fund and their service providers, systems, networks, or devices potentially can be breached due to both intentional and unintentional events. The Fund and its shareholders could be negatively impacted as a result of a cybersecurity breach.
Similar adverse consequences could result from cybersecurity breaches affecting issuers of securities in which the Fund invests; counterparties with which the Fund engages in transactions; governmental and other regulatory authorities; exchange and other financial market operators, banks, brokers, dealers, insurance companies, and other financial institutions (including financial intermediaries and service providers for the Fund's shareholders); and other parties.
Cybersecurity breaches can include unauthorized access to systems, networks, or devices; infection from computer viruses or other malicious software code; ransomware; and attacks that shut down, disable, slow, or otherwise disrupt operations, business processes, or website access or functionality. Cybersecurity breaches may cause disruptions and impact the Fund's business operations, potentially resulting in financial losses; may negatively impact the financial condition of an issuer, counterparty or other market participant; interference with the Fund's ability to calculate their NAVs; impediments to trading; the inability of the Fund, the Adviser, and other service providers to transact business; violations of applicable privacy and other laws; regulatory fines, penalties, reputational damage, reimbursement or other compensation costs, or additional compliance costs; as well as the inadvertent release of confidential information.
In addition, substantial costs may be incurred by these entities in order to prevent any cybersecurity breaches in the future. Neither the Fund or the Adviser control the cybersecurity systems of issuers or third-party service providers.
MANAGEMENT OF THE FUND
Leadership Structure and Board of Trustees
The primary responsibility of the Board of Trustees is to represent the interests of the shareholders of the Trust and to provide oversight of the management of the Trust. The Trustees have delegated day to day operation to various service providers whose activities they oversee. The Trustees have also engaged legal counsel (who is also legal counsel to the Trust) that is independent of the Adviser or its affiliates to advise them on matters relating to their responsibilities in connection with the Trust. The independent Trustees meet separately in an executive session on a quarterly basis and meet separately in executive session with the Fund's Chief Compliance Officer on a quarterly basis. On an annual basis, the Board conducts a self-assessment and evaluates its structure. The Board has determined that the leadership and committee structure is appropriate for the Trust and allows the Board to effectively and efficiently evaluate issues that impact the Trust as a whole as well as issues that are unique to the Fund.
Board Oversight of Risk
The Fund is subject to a number of risks, including investment, compliance, operational and financial risks, among others. Risk oversight forms part of the Board’s general oversight of the Fund and is addressed as part of various Board and committee activities. Day-to-day risk management with respect to the Fund resides with the Adviser or other service providers, subject to supervision by the Adviser. The Board oversees efforts by management and service providers to manage the risk to which the Fund may be exposed. For example, the Board meets with Portfolio Managers of the Adviser (“Portfolio Managers”) and receives regular reports regarding investment risk. The Board meets with the Chief Compliance Officer of the Trust and receives regular reports regarding compliance and regulatory risks. In addition, the Board meets with the Chief Compliance Officer of the Trust in Executive Session on a quarterly basis. The Audit Committee meets with the Trust’s Treasurer and receives regular reports regarding fund operations and risks related to the valuation, liquidity, and overall financial reporting of the Fund. From its review of these reports and discussions with management, the Board learns about the material risks to which the Fund is exposed, enabling a dialogue about how management and service providers manage and mitigate those risks.
Not all risks that may affect the Fund can be identified nor can controls be developed to eliminate or mitigate their occurrence or effects. It may not be practical or cost effective to eliminate or mitigate certain risks, the processes and controls employed to address certain risks may be limited in their effectiveness, and some risks are simply beyond the reasonable control of the Fund or the Adviser, its affiliates, or other service providers. Moreover, it is necessary to bear certain risks (such as investment-related risks) to achieve the Fund’s goals. As a result of the foregoing and other factors, the Fund’s ability to manage risk is subject to substantial limitations. The Trustees believe that their current oversight approach is an appropriate way to manage risks facing the Fund, whether investment, compliance, financial, or otherwise. The Trustees may, at any time in their discretion, change the manner in which they conduct risk oversight of the Fund.
Trustee Attributes
The Board believes each of the Trustees has demonstrated leadership abilities and possesses experience, qualifications, and skills valuable to the Fund. Each of the Trustees has substantial business and professional backgrounds that indicate they have the ability to critically review, evaluate and access information provided to them.
Below is additional information concerning each particular Trustee and his/her attributes. The information provided below, and in the chart, is not all-inclusive. Many Trustee attributes involve intangible elements, such as intelligence, work ethic, the ability to work together and the ability to communicate effectively, exercise judgment, ask incisive questions, manage people and problems or develop solutions.
Tamara L. Fagely was a business executive for a large mutual fund complex for over 20 years leading back office operations that included administration, fund accounting, financial reporting, transfer agent, and technology. Her experience included roles as Treasurer, Chief Financial Officer, and Chief Operations Officer. In addition, Ms. Fagely has management experience in broker/dealer operations and as an audit manager conducting audits of financial service organizations and mutual funds. Ms. Fagely currently serves on the boards of other registered investment companies. Ms. Fagely brings a detailed knowledge of the mutual fund industry and financial expertise to the Board.
Jody T. Foster is the founder and Chief Executive Officer of Symphony Consulting since 2010. She has overseen the development and launch of a variety of investment product offerings. Her experience includes roles as Research Analyst, International Research Manager, Director and Chief Operating Officer . In addition, Ms. Foster has management experience in finance, risk management and accounting. Ms. Foster currently serves on the boards of other registered investment companies. Ms. Foster brings a detailed knowledge of investment management, mutual fund industry and financial expertise to the Board.
John T. Kelly-Jones has more than 20 years’ experience in the investment management industry. Mr. Kelly-Jones was a founding partner, Chief Operations Officer and Chief Compliance Officer of Independent Franchise Partners, LLP (“IFP”), a registered investment adviser, overseeing all operational functions and establishing four funds of different structures. Mr. Kelly-Jones also previously served on the board of one of IFP’s Irish variable capital funds and of one U.S. private investment fund. In addition, he served in various roles and capacities at Morgan Stanley Asset Management, London from September 2002 through June 2009. His experience included working with mutual fund firms and investment advisers. Mr. Kelly-Jones currently serves on the board of another registered investment company. Mr. Kelly-Jones exhibits excellent communication skills, as well as an ability to work effectively with others. Finally, Mr. Kelly-Jones brings a diversity of viewpoint, background and experience to the Board.
Jo Ann Quinif is President and Chief Client Officer of Diamond Hill Capital Management, Inc. Ms. Quinif joined the firm in 2017 as Managing Director – Business Development & Marketing. She assumed the newly created role of Chief Client Officer in 2020 and was named President of Diamond Hill Capital Management, Inc., in 2023. Jo Ann began her career with Cincinnati Financial Corporation, where she ultimately focused on business development efforts for the firm’s asset management subsidiary, CinFin Capital Management. In 2003, she joined Ariel Capital Management, Inc., serving in various business development and leadership roles. In 2008, she joined Weitz Investment Management, Inc., where she served as Vice President – Director of Sales & Marketing. Jo Ann has a Bachelor of Science in Business Administration from The Ohio State University and a Master of Business Administration from Xavier University. She holds the Series 6, 26, 63 and 65 FINRA securities licenses.. The Board believes that Ms. Quinif's experience, qualifications, attributes and skills on an individual basis and in combination with those of the other Trustees lead to the conclusion that she possesses the requisite skills and attributes as a Trustee to carry out oversight responsibilities with respect to the Fund.
The diversity statistics of the Trustees are below:
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Board Diversity Matrix |
| Female | Male | Non-Binary |
Part I: Gender Identity |
Trustees | 3 | 1 | |
Part II: Demographic Background |
African American or Black | | | |
Alaskan Native or Native American | | | |
Asian | | | |
Hispanic or Latinx | | | |
Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander | | | |
White | 3 | 1 | |
Two or More Races or Ethnicities | | | |
LGBTQ+ | | | |
Trustees and Officers
The Board is responsible for the overall management of the Fund, including general supervision and review of the investment activities of the Fund. The Board, in turn, elects the officers of the Fund, who are responsible for administering the day-to-day operations of the Fund. The names of the Trustees and officers of the Fund are shown below.
Trustees
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Name and Age | | Position Held | | Year First Elected a Trustee of the Fund1 | | Principal Occupation(s) During Past Five Years | | Number of Portfolios in Complex Overseen by Trustee3 | | Other Directorships Held by Trustee 2 |
Tamara L. Fagely Year of Birth: 1958 | | Independent Trustee - Chairperson | | Since 2024 | | Retired, January 2014 to present; Chief Operations Officer, Hartford Funds, 2012 to 2013; Chief Financial Officer, Hartford Funds, 2010 to 2012; Treasurer, Hartford Funds, 2001 to 2012 | | 12 | | Diamond Hill Funds Trust, November 2014, to present; Allianz Variable Insurance Products Trust and Allianz Variable Insurance Products Fund of Funds Trust, December 2017 to present; AIM ETF Products Trust, February 2020 to present |
Jody T. Foster Year of Birth: 1969 | | Independent Trustee | | Since 2024 | | Chief Executive Officer, Symphony Consulting, 2010 to present | | 12 | | Diamond Hill Funds Trust, February 2022 to present: Hussman Investment Trust, June 2016 to present; Forum CRE Income Fund, April 2021 to January 2022 |
John T. Kelly-Jones Year of Birth: 1960 | | Independent Trustee | | Since 2024 | | Retired, December 2017 to present; Partner, COO and CCO, Independent Franchise Partners, LLP, June 2009 to November 2017 | | 12 | | Diamond Hill Funds Trust, May 2019 to present |
Jo Ann Quinif Year of Birth: 1976 | | Interested Trustee | | Since 2024 | | President, Diamond Hill Capital Management, Inc. April 2023 to present; Chief Client Officer, Diamond Hill Capital Management, Inc., May 2020 to present; Managing Director - Business Development and Marketing, September 2017 to May 2020. | | 1 | | None |
Officers | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Name and Age | | Position Held | | Year First Elected to Current Officer Position of the Fund1 | | Principal Occupation(s) During Past Five Years |
Jo Ann Quinif Year of Birth: 1976 | | President | | Since 2024 | | President, Diamond Hill Capital Management, Inc. April 2023 to present; Chief Client Officer, Diamond Hill Capital Management, Inc., May 2020 to present; Managing Director - Business Development and Marketing, September 2017 to May 2020. |
Karen R. Colvin Year of Birth: 1966 | | Vice President Secretary | | Since 2024
| | Director-Fund Administration & Sales Support, Diamond Hill Capital Management, Inc., June 2009 to present.
|
Alyssa A. Bentz Year of Birth: 1981 | | Chief Compliance Officer Anti-Money Laundering Officer | | Since 2024 | | Chief Compliance Officer of Diamond Hill Capital Management, Inc., May 2024 to present; Chief Compliance Officer, U.S. Bancorp Asset Management, Inc., July 2021 to March 2024; Compliance Manager, U.S. Bancorp Asset Management, Inc., December 2015 to July 2021. |
Julie A. Roach Year of Birth: 1971 | | Treasurer | | Since 2024 | | Director-Fund Administration, Diamond Hill Capital Management, Inc., September 2017 to present. |
1 Each Trustee is elected to serve in accordance with the Declaration of Trust and Bylaws of the Trust until their resignation, removal or retirement. Trustees have a 10-year term limit. Each Officer is elected by the Trustees for a renewable 1-year term to serve the Trust or until their resignation, removal or retirement. The address for all Trustees and Officers is 325 John H. McConnell Blvd., Suite 200, Columbus, OH 43215.
2 This includes all directorships (other than those in the Trust) that are held by each Trustee as a director of a public company or a registered investment company in the last 5 years.
3The complex includes the Fund, as well as each series of the Diamond Hill Funds' Trust, an affiliated registrant not discussed in this SAI.
Board Committees
The Board has two standing committees: an Audit Committee and a Nominating and Governance Committee. All Independent Trustees are members of the Audit Committee and the Nominating and Governance Committee.
The Audit Committee’s function is to oversee the Trust’s accounting and financial reporting policies and practices, its internal controls and, as appropriate, the internal controls of certain service providers; to oversee the quality and objectivity of the Fund’s financial statements and the independent audit thereof; and to act as a liaison between the Fund’s independent registered public accounting firm and the full Board of Trustees. The Audit Committee has not yet met. The Board of Trustees has determined that Jody T. Foster is a financial expert. Ms. Foster serves as the Chairperson of the Audit Committee.
The Nominating and Governance Committee’s function is to nominate candidates for election to the Board of Trustees, make nominations for membership on all committees and review committee assignments at least annually. The Committee also reviews as necessary the responsibilities of any committees of the Board, whether there is a continuing need for each committee, whether there is a need for additional committees of the Board, and whether committees should be combined or reorganized. The Committee makes recommendations for any such action to the full Board. The Committee also considers candidates for trustees nominated by shareholders. Shareholders may recommend candidates for Board positions by forwarding their correspondence to the Secretary of the Trust at the Trust’s address and the
shareholder communication will be forwarded to the Committee Chairperson for evaluation. John Kelly-Jones serves as the Chair of the Nominating and Governance Committee.
Fund Shares Owned By Trustees, as of December 31, 2023 | | | | | | | | |
Name of Trustee | Dollar Range of Equity Securities in the Fund | Aggregate Dollar Range of Equity Securities in All Registered Investment Companies Overseen by Trustee in Family of Investment Companies* |
Tamara L. Fagely | None | Over $100,000 |
Jody T. Foster | None | Over $100,000 |
John T. Kelly-Jones | None | Over $100,000 |
Jo Ann Quinif | None | Over $100,000 |
*Each Independent Trustee also serves on the Board of the Diamond Hill Funds, an open-end investment company for which Diamond Hill Capital Management, Inc. also serves as the investment adviser.
Compensation
The independent Trustees will be compensated for their services to the Fund by Diamond Hill Capital Management, Inc. as part of the Administration Agreement. The independent Trustees will receive $10.000 annually in compensation. The compensation paid to the Trustees for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023 is set forth below. | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Trustee | Aggregate Compensation From Fund | Pension or Retirement Benefits Accrued as Part of Fund Expense | Estimated Annual Benefits Upon Retirement | Total Compensation Paid to Trustees from Fund and Fund Complex* |
Tamara L. Fagely | None | None | None | $147,000 |
Jody T. Foster | None | None | None | 132,000 |
John T. Kelly-Jones | None | None | None | 122,000 |
Jo Ann Quinif | None | None | None | None |
*The Fund Complex consists of the Fund and the Diamond Hill Funds, a registered open-end investment company for which Diamond Hill Capital Management, Inc. also serves as the investment adviser.
CODES OF ETHICS
The Fund and the Adviser have each adopted a Code of Ethics (together, the “Code”) under Rule 17j-1 of the 1940 Act. The personnel subject to the Codes are prohibited from investing in individual equity securities and certain fixed income securities that are eligible to be purchased by the Fund. The Code is available at diamond-hill.com. You may also obtain a copy of the Code from the Securities and Exchange Commission’s EDGAR web site or by calling the Fund at 1-888-226-5595.
PROXY VOTING POLICIES AND PROCEDURES
General Policy
The Fund has delegated proxy voting responsibilities with respect to the Fund to the Adviser, subject to the general oversight of the Board. The Adviser has adopted written proxy voting policies and procedures (“Proxy Policy”) as required by Rule 206(4)-6 under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended, consistent with its fiduciary obligations and the Proxy Policy has been approved by the Trustees of the Trust as the policies and procedures that the Adviser will use when voting proxies on behalf of the Fund. The Proxy Policy is designed and implemented in a manner reasonably expected to ensure that voting and consent rights are exercised prudently and solely in the best economic interests of the Fund and their shareholders considering all relevant factors and without undue influence from individuals or groups who may have an economic interest in the outcome of a proxy vote. Any conflict between the interests of the Fund's shareholders, on one hand, and those of the Adviser or principal underwriter on the other will be reported to the Board and the Board will provide direction to the Adviser on how to vote the proxy.
The Proxy Policy sets forth the Adviser’s voting guidelines. The guidelines contain information about the key objectives in voting proxies, various client and Adviser decision methods, conflicts of interest, general voting principles, and detailed explanations on how the Adviser will typically vote on certain matters that are typically up for shareholder
vote. Each vote is ultimately determined on a case-by-case basis, taking into consideration all relevant facts and circumstances at the time of the vote.
How to Obtain More Information
Investors may obtain a copy of the Proxy Policy by writing to the Trust at 325 John H. McConnell Boulevard, Suite 200, Columbus, OH 43215 or by calling the Trust at 888-226-5595. Information about how the Fund voted proxies relating to portfolio securities for the 12 month period ended June 30th is available without charge, upon request, by calling the Trust at 888-226-5595, via a link on the Fund's website, diamond-hill.com/documents, and on the SEC’s website at sec.gov.
CONTROL PERSONS AND PRINCIPAL HOLDERS
A principal shareholder is any person who owns (either of record or beneficially) 5% or more of the outstanding shares of a class of a fund. A control person is one who owns (either directly or indirectly) more than 25% of the voting securities of a company or acknowledges the existence of control. A control person may be able to determine the outcome of a matter put to a shareholder vote.
No persons owned of record 5% or more of a class of the Fund’s outstanding shares, as the Fund has not yet commenced operations. A person owning of record, for the benefit of others, more than 25% of a class of the Fund’s outstanding shares may be deemed to control the class or Fund. A controlling shareholder can control the outcomes of proposals submitted to shareholders for approval.
As of the date of this SAI, the Trustees and Officers of the Fund as a group owned less than 1% of all of the classes of the Fund.
INVESTMENT ADVISORY AND OTHER SERVICES
Diamond Hill Capital Management, Inc., 325 John H. McConnell Boulevard, Suite 200, Columbus, Ohio 43215 (the “Adviser”) is the Investment Adviser for the Fund. The Adviser is a wholly owned subsidiary of Diamond Hill Investment Group, Inc.
Under the terms of the Fund's management agreement with the Adviser (the “Management Agreement”), the Adviser manages the Fund's investments. As compensation for management services, the Fund is obligated to pay the Adviser fees computed and accrued daily and paid monthly at the annual rate of 1.25%.
The Fund has not paid investment management fees to the Adviser, as the Fund has not yet commenced operations.
The Adviser retains the right to use the name “Diamond Hill” in connection with another investment company or business enterprise with which the Adviser is or may become associated. The Trust’s right to use the name “Diamond Hill” automatically ceases ninety days after termination of the Management Agreement and may be withdrawn by the Adviser on ninety days written notice.
The Adviser may make payments to banks or other financial institutions that provide shareholder services and administer shareholder accounts. The Fund may from time to time purchase securities issued by banks that provide such services; however, in selecting investments for the Fund, no preference will be shown for such securities.
Under the terms of the Fund's Administrative, Fund Accounting and Transfer Agency Services Agreement (the “Administration Agreement”) with Diamond Hill Capital Management, Inc. (the “Administrator”), the Administrator renders all administrative, transfer agency, fund accounting and supervisory services to the Fund. The Administrator oversees the maintenance of all books and records with respect to the Fund's securities transactions and the Fund's book of accounts in accordance with all applicable federal and state laws and regulations. The Administrator also arranges for the preservation of journals, ledgers, corporate documents, brokerage account records and other records which are required pursuant to Rule 31a-1 promulgated under the 1940 Act. The Administrator is also responsible for the equipment, staff, office space and facilities necessary to perform its obligations. The Administrator may delegate any or all of its responsibilities under the Administration Agreement to one or more third-party service providers.
Under the Administration Agreement, the Administrator assumes and pays all ordinary expenses of the Fund not assumed by the Fund. The Fund pays all brokerage fees and commissions, custodian fees, taxes, borrowing costs (such as (a) interest and (b) dividend expenses on securities sold short), expenses related to conducting shareholders’ meetings and proxy solicitations, fees and extraordinary or non-recurring expenses. The Fund also pays distribution-related expenses.
Pursuant to the Administration Agreement, effective August 21, 2024, the Administrator receives a fee, which is paid monthly at an annual rate of 0.50% of the Fund's average daily net assets of Class A shares, 0.50% of the Fund's average daily net assets of Class I shares, and 0.10% of the Fund's average daily net assets of Class R shares.
The Fund has not paid administrative services fees to the Administrator, as the Fund has not yet commenced operations.
BLOOMBERG, BLOOMBERG INDICES and Bloomberg Fixed Income Indices (the “Indices”) are trademarks or service marks of Bloomberg Finance L.P. Bloomberg Finance L.P. and its affiliates, including Bloomberg Index Services Limited, the administrator of the Indices (collectively, “Bloomberg”) or Bloomberg's licensors own all proprietary rights in the Indices. Bloomberg does not guarantee the timeliness, accuracy or completeness of any data or information relating to the Indices. Bloomberg makes no warranty, express or implied, as to the Indices or any data or values relating thereto or results to be obtained therefrom, and expressly disclaims all warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose with respect thereto. To the maximum extent allowed by law, Bloomberg, its licensors, and its and their respective employees, contractors, agents, suppliers and vendors shall have no liability or responsibility whatsoever for any injury or damages - whether direct, indirect, consequential, incidental, punitive or otherwise - arising in connection with the Indices or any data or values relating thereto - whether arising from their negligence or otherwise.
Conflicts of Interest
The Adviser currently or in the future may provide investment advisory and other services, directly and through affiliates, to various affiliated entities and accounts other than the Fund (“Adviser Accounts”). The Fund has no interest in these activities. The Adviser and the investment professionals, who on behalf of the Adviser provide investment advisory services to the Fund, are engaged in substantial activities other than on behalf of the Fund, may have differing economic interests in respect of such activities, and may have conflicts of interest in allocating their time and activity between the Fund and the Adviser Accounts. Such persons devote only so much time to the affairs of the Fund as in their judgment is necessary and appropriate.
Distributor
Foreside Fund Services, LLC, a wholly owned subsidiary of Foreside Financial Group, LLC (dba ACA Group), located at Three Canal Plaza, Suite 100, Portland, Maine 04101, serves as the Fund's principal underwriter and acts as the distributor of the Fund's shares on a commercially reasonable efforts basis, subject to various conditions.
PORTFOLIO MANAGER
As described in the Prospectus, Henry Song will serve as the Portfolio Manager for the Fund and is responsible for the day-to-day management of the Fund.
Other Accounts Managed by the Portfolio Manager
The following tables indicate the number of other accounts managed by the Portfolio Manager of the Fund and the other assets under management for each type of account as of June 30, 2024.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Name | Account Category | Number of Accounts | Total Assets in Accounts | Number of Accounts Where Advisory Fee is Based on Account Performance | Total Assets in Accounts Where Advisory Fee is Based on Account Performance |
| Registered Investment Company | 2 | $4,192,387,455 | — | $— |
Henry Song, Portfolio Manager | Other Pooled Investment Vehicles | 1 | $122,007,069 | — | $— |
| Other Accounts | 5 | $558,937,705 | — | $— |
Portfolio Manager Compensation
The Portfolio Manager is paid by the Adviser a competitive base salary based on experience, external market comparisons to similar positions, and other business factors. To align their interests with those of shareholders, all Portfolio Managers also participate in an annual cash and equity incentive compensation program that is based on:
• The long-term pre-tax investment performance of the Fund(s) that they manage and the related investment composite(s) of the Adviser,
• The Adviser’s assessment of the investment contribution they make to other portfolios they do not manage,
• The Adviser’s assessment of each Portfolio Manager’s overall contribution to the development of the investment team through ongoing discussion, interaction, feedback and collaboration, and
• The Adviser’s assessment of each Portfolio Manager’s contribution to client service, marketing to prospective clients and investment communication activities.
Long-term performance is defined as the trailing five years (performance of less than five years is judged on a subjective basis).
Incentive compensation is paid annually from an incentive pool that is determined based on several factors including investment results in client portfolios, revenues, employee performance, and industry operating margins. Portfolio Manager compensation is not directly tied to product asset growth or revenue, however, both of these factors influence the size of the incentive pool and therefore indirectly contribute to Portfolio Manager compensation. Incentive compensation is subject to review and oversight by the compensation committee of the Adviser’s parent firm, Diamond Hill Investment Group, Inc. The compensation committee is comprised of independent outside members of the board of directors. The Portfolio Managers are also eligible to participate in the Diamond Hill Investment Group, Inc. 401(k) plan and related company match. The Adviser also offers a Deferred Compensation Plan, whereby each Portfolio Manager may voluntarily elect to defer a portion of their incentive compensation. Any deferral of incentive compensation must be invested in Diamond Hill Funds for the entire duration of the deferral.
Portfolio Manager Holdings
Portfolio Managers are encouraged to own shares of the Fund they manage. The following table indicates the dollar range of shares beneficially owned by the Portfolio Manager as of June 30, 2024.
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| | Dollar Range of Shares in the Fund |
Portfolio Manager (PM)
| $1 – $10,000 | | $10,001 – $50,000 | | $50,001 – $100,000 | | $100,001 – $500,000 | | $500,001 – $1,000,000 | | Over $1,000,000 |
Henry Song | PM | None | | | | | | | | | | |
Other Portfolio Manager Information
The Portfolio Manager is also responsible for managing other account portfolios in addition to the Fund. Management of other accounts in addition to the Fund can present certain conflicts of interest, including those associated with different fee structures, various trading practices, and the amount of time a Portfolio Manager may spend on other accounts versus the Fund. The Adviser has implemented specific policies and procedures to address any potential conflicts. The Adviser’s Form ADV Part 2A contains a complete description of its policies and procedures to address conflicts of interest. Below are material conflicts of interest that have been identified and mitigated when managing other account portfolios as well as the Fund.
Performance Based Fees
The Adviser manages certain accounts for which part of its fee is based on the performance of the account/fund (“Performance Fee Accounts”). As a result of the performance-based fee component, the Adviser may receive additional revenue related to the Performance Fee Accounts. None of the Portfolio Managers receive any direct incentive compensation related to their management of the Performance Fee Accounts; however, revenues from Performance Fee Accounts management will impact the resources available to compensate Portfolio Managers and all staff.
Trade Allocation
The Adviser manages numerous accounts in addition to the Fund. When the Fund and another of the Adviser’s clients seek to purchase or sell the same security at or about the same time, the Adviser may execute the transactions with the same broker on a combined or “blocked” basis. Blocked transactions can produce better execution for the Fund because of increased volume of the transaction. However, when another of the Adviser’s clients specifies that trades be executed with a specific broker (“Directed Brokerage Accounts”), a potential conflict of interest exists related to the order in which those trades are executed and allocated. As a result, the Adviser has adopted a trade allocation policy in which all trade orders occurring simultaneously among the Fund and one or more other accounts where the Adviser has the discretion to choose the execution broker are blocked and executed first. After the blocked trades have been completed, the remaining trades for the Directed Brokerage Accounts are then executed in random order, through the Adviser’s portfolio management software. When a trade is partially filled, the number of filled shares is allocated on a pro-rata basis to the appropriate client accounts. Trades are not segmented by investment product.
Personal Security Trading by the Portfolio Managers
The Adviser has adopted a Code of Ethics designed to: (1) demonstrate the Adviser’s duty at all times to place the interest of clients and Fund shareholders first; (2) align the interests of the Portfolio Managers with clients and Fund shareholders, and (3) mitigate inherit conflicts of interest associated with personal securities transactions. The Code of Ethics prohibits employees of the Adviser from purchasing individual equity and most fixed income securities that are eligible to be purchased in client accounts. The Code of Ethics also prohibits the purchase of third party mutual funds in the primary Morningstar categories with which the Adviser competes.
Best Execution and Research Services
The Adviser has controls in place for monitoring trade execution in client accounts, including reviewing trades for best execution. Certain broker-dealers that Diamond Hill uses to execute client trades are also clients of Diamond Hill and/or refer clients to Diamond Hill creating a conflict of interest. To mitigate this conflict we adopted a policy that prohibits us from considering any factor other than best execution when a client trade is placed with a broker-dealer.
Receipt of research from brokers who execute client trades involves conflicts of interest. Since Diamond Hill uses client brokerage commissions for other accounts it manages to obtain research, it receives a benefit because it does not have to produce or pay for the research, products, or services itself. Consequently, Diamond Hill has an incentive to select or recommend a broker based on its desire to receive research, products, or services rather than a desire to obtain the most favorable execution. Diamond Hill attempts to mitigate these potential conflicts through oversight of the use of commissions by its Best Execution Committee.
REPURCHASE OF SHARES
In order to provide some liquidity to shareholders, the Fund makes quarterly offers to repurchase between 5% and 25% of its outstanding Shares at NAV. Notices of each quarterly repurchase offer are sent to shareholders at least 21 days before the “Repurchase Request Deadline” (i.e., the date by which shareholders can tender their Common Shares in response to a repurchase offer). The Fund determines the NAV applicable to repurchases no later than the 14 calendar days after the Repurchase Request Deadline (or the next business day, if the 14th calendar day is not a business day) (the “Repurchase Pricing Date”). The Fund expects to distribute payment to shareholders between one and three business days after the Repurchase Pricing Date and will distribute such payment no later than seven calendar days after such date. The Fund’s Shares are not listed on any securities exchange, and the Fund anticipates that no secondary market will develop for its Shares. Accordingly, you may not be able to sell Shares when and/or in the amount that you desire. Thus, Shares are appropriate only as a long-term investment. In addition, the Fund’s repurchase offers may subject the Fund and shareholders to special risks.
The section entitled “Quarterly Share Repurchase Program” in the Prospectus discusses the type and timing of notice for repurchase offers, the effects of oversubscribed repurchase offers, the determination of the repurchase price, payment by the Fund for Shares tendered in a repurchase offer, the effect of repurchase policies on the liquidity of the Fund, the consequences of repurchase offers and other details regarding the repurchase offers, including associated risks. The Fund’s fundamental policies with respect to repurchase offers are discussed in “Fundamental and Nonfundamental Policies” in this SAI.
See “Types of Investments" and "Risk Factor – Repurchase Offers Risks” in the Prospectus for a description of the risks associated with the Fund’s repurchase offers. In addition, the repurchase of Shares by the Fund will be a taxable event to shareholders. For a discussion of these tax consequences, see “Taxes” below.
Subject to its investment limitations, the Fund may borrow to finance the repurchase of shares or to make a tender offer. Interest on any borrowings to finance share repurchase transactions or the accumulation of cash by the Fund in anticipation of share repurchases or tenders will reduce the Fund’s net income and gains. Any share repurchase, tender offer or borrowing that might be approved by the Board would have to comply with the 1940 Act and the rules and regulations thereunder and other applicable law.
ALLOCATION OF BROKERAGE
Subject to policies established by the Board of Trustees, the Adviser is responsible for the Fund’s portfolio decisions and the placing of the Fund’s portfolio transactions. In placing portfolio transactions, the Adviser seeks the best qualitative execution for the Fund, taking into account such factors as price (including the applicable brokerage commission or dealer spread), the execution capability, financial responsibility and responsiveness of the broker or dealer and the brokerage and research services provided by the broker or dealer. The Adviser generally seeks favorable prices and commission rates that are reasonable in relation to the benefits received. All shareholders bear the costs when executing portfolio transactions in the Fund.
The Adviser is specifically authorized to select brokers or dealers who also provide brokerage and research services to the Fund and/or the other accounts over which the Adviser exercises investment discretion and to pay such brokers or dealers a commission in excess of the commission another broker or dealer would charge if the Adviser determines in good faith that the commission is reasonable in relation to the value of the brokerage and research services provided. The determination may be viewed in terms of a particular transaction or the Adviser’s overall responsibilities with respect to the Fund and to other accounts over which it exercises investment discretion.
Research services include supplemental research, securities and economic analyses, statistical services and information with respect to the availability of securities or purchasers or sellers of securities and analyses of reports concerning performance of accounts. The research services and other information furnished by brokers through whom the Fund effects securities transactions may also be used by the Adviser in servicing all of its accounts. Similarly, research and information provided by brokers or dealers serving other clients may be useful to the Adviser in connection with its
services to the Fund. It is the opinion of the Board of Trustees and the Adviser that the review and study of the research and other information will not reduce the overall cost to the Adviser of performing its duties to the Fund under the Management Agreement.
While the Fund does not deem it practicable and in their best interests to solicit competitive bids for commission rates on each transaction, consideration is regularly given to posted commission rates as well as other information concerning the level of commissions charged on comparable transactions by qualified brokers. The Fund has no obligation to deal with any broker or dealer in the execution of its transactions.
Over-the-counter transactions will be placed either directly with principal market makers or with broker-dealers, if the same or a better price, including commissions and executions, is available. Fixed income securities are normally purchased directly from the issuer, an underwriter or a market maker. Purchases include a concession paid by the issuer to the underwriter and the purchase price paid to a market maker may include the spread between the bid and asked prices.
When the Fund and another of the Adviser’s clients seek to purchase or sell the same security at or about the same time, the Adviser may execute the transaction on a combined (“blocked”) basis. Blocked transactions can produce better execution for the Fund because of the increased volume of the transaction. If the entire blocked order is not filled, the Fund may not be able to acquire as large a position in such security as it desires or it may have to pay a higher price for the security. Similarly, the Fund may not be able to obtain as large an execution of an order to sell or as high a price for any particular portfolio security if the other client desires to sell the same portfolio security at the same time. In the event that the entire blocked order is not filled, the purchase or sale will normally be allocated on a pro rata basis. Transactions of advisory clients (including the Fund) may also be blocked with those of the Adviser. The Adviser and its affiliates will be permitted to participate in the blocked transaction only after all orders of advisory clients (including the Fund) are filled.
In certain circumstances, such as a buy in for failure to deliver, the Adviser is not able to select the broker/dealer who will transact to cover the failure. For example, if the Fund sells a security short and is unable to deliver the securities sold short the broker/dealer through whom the Fund sold short must deliver securities purchased for cash, i.e., effect a buy-in, unless it knows that the Fund either is in the process of forwarding the securities to the broker/dealer or will do so as soon as possible without undue inconvenience or expense. Similarly, there can also be a failure to deliver in a long transaction and a resulting buy-in by the broker/dealer through whom the securities were sold. If the broker/dealer effects a buy-in, the Adviser will be unable to control the trading techniques, methods, venues or any other aspect of the trade used by the broker/dealer.
The Adviser may not give consideration to sales of shares of the Fund as a factor in selecting brokers and dealers to execute portfolio transactions. However, the Adviser may place portfolio transactions with brokers or dealers that promote or sell Fund shares so long as such placements are made pursuant to policies approved by the Board of Trustees that are designed to ensure that the selection is based on the quality of the broker’s execution and not on its sales efforts.
The Fund has not paid any brokerage commissions, as the Fund has not yet commenced operations.
Securities of Regular Broker-Dealers
The Fund does not hold any securities of the Fund's regular broker-dealers (or the parent of the regular broker-dealer), as the Fund has not yet commenced operations.
Portfolio Holdings Disclosure
The Fund discloses portfolio holdings as described in the Prospectus. After such information is released to the public as described in the Prospectus, it may be included in marketing materials, advertisements and presentations. In addition to the policies described in the Prospectus, the Fund may release or authorize the release of portfolio holdings that are not publicly available for legitimate business purposes, provided that such disclosure is approved by the President and Treasurer of the Trust. The Fund anticipates having ongoing arrangements to disclose portfolio holdings information to third party service providers of the Fund or the Adviser and to rating or reporting agencies, or data or portfolio analysis firms, which include:
Cohen & Company, Ltd., the Fund's independent registered public accounting firm
Financial printers
State Street Bank and Trust Company, the custodian
Thompson Hine LLP, legal counsel
Ultimus Fund Solutions, LLC, the sub-fund accountant
ACA Group
Bloomberg L.P.
Broadridge
Confluence Technologies, Inc.
Factset Research Systems, Inc.
FIS Global
FundGuard, Inc.
Global Trading Analytics
ICE Data Services
Institutional Shareholder Services
SS&C Software
Synthesis Technology LLC
SySys Corporation
The Yield Book, Inc.
Disclosure of the Fund's daily portfolio holdings as an exception to the Fund's normal business practice may be made, provided that the disclosure is deemed to be in the best interests of shareholders and the party receiving the portfolio holdings signs a confidentiality agreement or the policies of the recipient are determined to be adequate to protect the integrity and confidentiality of the information. In no event shall portfolio holdings information be disclosed for compensation. In order to avoid conflicts of interest between the Fund's shareholders and the Adviser, any exceptions must be approved in writing by the Fund's President and Treasurer and any such exceptions granted will be presented to the Board of Trustees on a quarterly basis for their review.
In addition, separate account, model delivery programs, registered and unregistered products clients (“Other Accounts”) of the Adviser have same day access to their portfolio holdings, and their advisors have access to representative portfolio holdings and may grant same day access to these portfolio holdings to their clients, their investors, and/or to one or more affiliated and unaffiliated service providers. In addition, information about non-public portfolio holdings information attributable to Other Accounts managed or advised by the Adviser may be available to one or more affiliated or unaffiliated service providers to those accounts. Some of the Other Accounts have substantially similar, or in some cases nearly identical, portfolio holdings to the Fund. These Other Accounts are not subject to the portfolio holdings disclosure policies of the Fund to which they are similar and may disclose their similar or nearly identical portfolio holdings information in different forms and at different times than the Fund.
Portfolio holdings of the Fund will be disclosed on a quarterly basis on forms required to be filed with the SEC as follows: (i) portfolio holdings as of the end of each fiscal year ending December 31 will be filed as part of the annual report filed on Form N-CSR; (ii) portfolio holdings as of the end of each month will be filed on Form N-PORT; and (iii) portfolio holdings as of the end of the six-month period ending June 30 will be filed as part of the semi-annual report filed on Form N-CSR. The Fund’s Form N-CSR and Form N-PORT (at quarter-end) will be available on the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov. No later than 60 days after the end of each month, the Fund will make available a complete uncertified schedule of its portfolio holdings as of the last day of that month. In addition to this monthly disclosure, the Fund may also make publicly available its portfolio holdings at other dates as determined from time to time.
TAX STATUS
The following discussion of certain U.S. federal income tax consequences is general in nature and should not be regarded as an exhaustive presentation of all possible tax ramifications. Each shareholder should consult a qualified tax advisor regarding the tax consequences of an investment in the Fund. The tax considerations relevant to a specific shareholder depend upon the shareholder’s specific circumstances, and the following general summary does not attempt to discuss all potential tax considerations that could be relevant to a prospective shareholder with respect to the Trust or its investments. This general summary is based on the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”), the U.S. federal income tax regulations promulgated thereunder, and administrative and judicial interpretations thereof as of the date hereof, all of which are subject to change (potentially on a retroactive basis).
The Fund intends to qualify as a regulated investment company under Subchapter M of the Code, which requires compliance with certain requirements concerning the sources of its income, diversification of its assets, and the amount and timing of its distributions to shareholders. Such qualification does not involve supervision of management or
investment practices or policies by any government agency or bureau. By so qualifying, the Fund should not be subject to federal income or excise tax on its net investment income or net capital gain, to the extent such amounts are distributed to shareholders in accordance with the applicable timing requirements.
The Fund intends to distribute substantially all of its net investment income (including any excess of net short-term capital gains over net long-term capital losses) and net capital gain (that is, any excess of net long-term capital gains over net short-term capital losses) in accordance with the timing requirements imposed by the Code and therefore should not be required to pay any federal income or excise taxes. Net capital gain for a fiscal year is computed by taking into account any capital loss carry forward of the Fund.
To be treated as a regulated investment company under Subchapter M of the Code, the Fund must also (a) derive at least 90% of its gross income from dividends, interest, payments with respect to securities loans, net income from certain publicly traded partnerships and gains from the sale or other disposition of securities or non-U.S. currencies, or other income (including, but not limited to, gains from options, futures or forward contracts) derived with respect to the business of investing in such securities or currencies, and (b) diversify its holding so that, at the end of each fiscal quarter, (i) at least 50% of the market value of the Fund’s assets is represented by cash, U.S. government securities and securities of other regulated investment companies, and other securities (for purposes of this calculation, generally limited in respect of any one issuer, to an amount not greater than 5% of the market value of the Fund’s assets and 10% of the outstanding voting securities of such issuer) and (ii) not more than 25% of the value of its assets is invested in the securities (other than U.S. government securities or the securities of other regulated investment companies) of any one issuer, two or more issuers which the Fund controls and which are determined to be engaged in the same or similar trades or businesses, or the securities of certain publicly traded partnerships.
If the Fund fails to qualify as a regulated investment company under Subchapter M in any fiscal year, it may be treated as a corporation for federal income tax purposes. As such, the Fund would be required to pay income taxes on its net investment income and net realized capital gains, if any, at the rates generally applicable to corporations. Shareholders of the Fund generally would not be liable for income tax on the Fund’s net investment income or net realized capital gains in their individual capacities. However, distributions to shareholders, whether from the Fund’s net investment income or net realized capital gains, would be treated as taxable dividends to the extent of current or accumulated earnings and profits of the Fund.
As a regulated investment company, the Trust is subject to a 4% nondeductible excise tax on certain undistributed amounts of ordinary income and capital gain under a prescribed formula contained in Section 4982 of the Code. The formula requires payment to shareholders during a calendar year of distributions representing at least 98% of the Fund’s ordinary income for the calendar year and at least 98.2% of its capital gain net income (i.e., the excess of its capital gains over capital losses) realized during the one-year period ending October 31 during such year plus 100% of any income that was neither distributed nor taxed to the Fund during the preceding calendar year. While the Fund intends to distribute its ordinary income and capital gains in a manner so as to avoid imposition of the federal excise and income taxes, there can be no assurance that the Fund indeed will make sufficient distributions to avoid entirely the imposition of federal excise or income taxes on the Fund.
The following discussion of U.S. federal income tax consequences is for the general information of shareholders that are U.S. persons subject to tax. Shareholders that are IRAs or other qualified retirement plans generally are exempt from income taxation under the Code. Shareholders that are non-U.S. persons, IRAs or other qualified retirement plans should consult their own tax advisors regarding the tax consequences of an investment in the Fund.
Distributions of taxable net investment income (including the excess of net short-term capital gain over net long-term capital loss) generally are taxable to shareholders as ordinary income. However, distributions by the Fund to a non-corporate shareholder may be subject to income tax at the shareholder’s applicable tax rate for long-term capital gain, to the extent that the Fund receives qualified dividend income on the securities it holds, the Fund properly designates the distribution as qualified dividend income, and the Fund and the non-corporate shareholder receiving the distribution meet certain holding period and other requirements. Distributions of taxable net investment income (including qualified dividend income) may be subject to an additional 3.8% Medicare tax as discussed below.
Distributions of net realized capital gain (“capital gain dividends”) generally are taxable to shareholders as long-term capital gain, regardless of the length of time the shares of the Fund have been held by such shareholders. Under current law, capital gain dividends recognized by a non-corporate shareholder generally will be taxed at a maximum rate of 20%. Capital gains of corporate shareholders are taxed at the same rate as ordinary income.
Distributions of taxable net investment income and net capital gain will be taxable as described above, whether received in additional cash or shares. All distributions of taxable net investment income and net realized capital gain, whether received in shares or in cash, must be reported by each taxable shareholder on his or her federal income tax return. Dividends or distributions declared in October, November or December as of a record date in such a month, if any, will be deemed to have been received by shareholders on December 31, if paid during January of the following year. Redemptions of shares may result in tax consequences (gain or loss) to the shareholder and are also subject to these reporting requirements.
Redemption of Fund shares by a shareholder will result in the recognition of taxable gain or loss in an amount equal to the difference between the amount realized and the shareholder’s tax basis in the shareholder’s Fund shares. Such gain or loss is treated as a capital gain or loss if the shares are held as capital assets. However, any loss realized upon the redemption of shares within six months from the date of their purchase will be treated as a long-term capital loss to the extent of any amounts treated as capital gain dividends during such six-month period. All or a portion of any loss realized upon the redemption of shares may be disallowed to the extent shares are purchased (including shares acquired by means of reinvested dividends) within 30 days before or after such redemption.
Under the Code, the Fund will be required to report to the Internal Revenue Service all distributions of taxable income and net realized capital gains as well as gross proceeds from the redemption or exchange of Fund shares, except in the case of certain exempt shareholders. Under the backup withholding provisions of Section 3406 of the Code, distributions of taxable net investment income and net realized capital gain and proceeds from the redemption or exchange of the shares of a regulated investment company may be subject to withholding of federal income tax (currently, at a rate of 24%) in the case of non-exempt shareholders who fail to furnish the investment company with their taxpayer identification numbers and with required certifications regarding their status under the federal income tax law, or if the Trust is notified by the IRS or a broker that withholding is required due to an incorrect TIN or a previous failure to report taxable interest or dividends. If the withholding provisions are applicable, any such distributions and proceeds, whether taken in cash or reinvested in additional shares, will be reduced by the amounts required to be withheld.
An additional 3.8% Medicare tax generally will be imposed on certain net investment income (including ordinary dividends, qualified dividend income and capital gain distributions received from the Fund and net gains from redemptions or other taxable dispositions of Fund shares) of U.S. individuals, estates and trusts to the extent that any such person’s “modified and adjusted gross income” (in the case of an individual) or “adjusted gross income” (in the case of an estate or trust) exceeds certain threshold amounts.
Payments to a shareholder that is either a non-U.S. financial institution (“FFI”) or a non-financial non-U.S. entity (“NFFE”) within the meaning of the Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act (“FATCA”) may be subject to a generally nonrefundable 30% withholding tax on: (a) income dividends paid by the Fund after June 30, 2014, and (b) certain capital gain distributions and the proceeds arising from the sale of Fund shares paid by the Fund after December 31, 2018. FATCA withholding tax generally can be avoided: (a) by an FFI, subject to any applicable intergovernmental agreement or other exemption, if it enters into a valid agreement with the IRS to, among other requirements, report required information about certain direct and indirect ownership of non-U.S. financial accounts held by U.S. persons with the FFI and (b) by an NFFE, if it: (i) certifies that it has no substantial U.S. persons as owners or (ii) if it does have such owners, reports information relating to them. The Fund may disclose the information that it receives from its shareholders to the IRS, non-U.S. taxing authorities or other parties as necessary to comply with FATCA. Withholding also may be required if a non-U.S. entity that is a shareholder of the Fund fails to provide the Fund with appropriate certifications or other documentation concerning its status under FATCA.
Shareholders should consult their tax advisors about the application of federal, state, local and non-U.S. tax law in light of their particular situation.
Should additional series, or funds, be created by the Trustees, the fund would be treated as a separate tax entity for federal income tax purposes.
The Fund does not have capital loss carry forwards (“CLCFs”), as the Fund has not yet commenced operations. Under the provisions of the Regulated Investment Company Modernization Act of 2010, CLCFs that originate in tax years beginning after December 22, 2010 (post-effective CLCFs), are applied consistent with the character in which they originated as a new loss on the first day of the immediately succeeding tax year. Post-effective CLCFs can be carried forward indefinitely.
OTHER INFORMATION
Custodian
State Street Bank and Trust Company, One Congress Street, Suite 1, Boston, MA 02114 is the Custodian for the Fund’s investments. The Custodian acts as the Fund’s depository, safe keeps its portfolio securities, collects all income and other payments with respect thereto, disburses funds at the Fund’s request and maintains records in connection with its duties.
Sub-Fund Accounting Agent and Sub-Transfer Agent
Pursuant to a Master Services Agreement entered into between Ultimus Fund Solutions, LLC (“Ultimus”) and the Adviser, Ultimus acts as the Fund's sub-fund accounting agent and, in such capacity, maintains the books and records of the Fund, calculates the net asset value per share of each class, calculates investment performance and prepares all financial statements and regulatory filings. Pursuant to the Master Services Agreement, Ultimus also acts as the Fund's sub-transfer agent and, in such capacity, maintains the records of each shareholder’s account, answers shareholders’ inquiries concerning their accounts, processes purchases and redemptions of Fund shares, acts as dividend and distribution disbursing agent and performs other accounting and shareholder service functions. Fees of Ultimus under the Master Services Agreement are paid by the Adviser pursuant to the Administration Agreement.
Legal Counsel
Thompson Hine LLP, 41 South High St., Suite 1700, Columbus, Ohio 43215, serves as legal counsel to the Fund.
Distributor
Foreside Financial Services, LLC, located at Three Canal Plaza, Suite 100, Portland, ME 04101 (the “Distributor”), is the Trust’s principal underwriter and exclusive agent for distribution of the Fund's shares. The Distributor continually distributes shares of the Fund on a best efforts basis. The Distributor has no obligation to sell any specific quantity of Fund shares. The Distributor and its officers have no role in determining the investment policies or which securities are to be purchased or sold by the Trust. The Distributor does not receive compensation from the Fund for its Distribution services. The Adviser pays the Distributor a fee for certain distribution-related services.
Distribution and Servicing Fee on Class A Shares
Class A Shares are subject to an ongoing Distribution and Servicing Fee to compensate financial industry professionals for distribution-related expenses, if applicable, and providing ongoing services in respect of clients who own Shares of the Fund, as further discussed below. The maximum annual rates at which the Distribution and Servicing Fees may be paid under the Distribution and Servicing Plan (calculated as a percentage of the Fund’s average daily net assets attributable to the Class A Shares) is 0.50%, which reduce the NAV of Class A Shares. 0.25% of such fee is a shareholder service fee and the remaining portion is a distribution fee.
The Fund has adopted a distribution and servicing plan (the “Distribution and Servicing Plan”) to pay to the Distributor a Distribution and Servicing Fee for certain activities relating to the distribution of Class A Shares to investors and maintenance of shareholder accounts. These activities include marketing and other activities to support the distribution of the Class A Shares. The Distribution and Servicing Plan operates in a manner consistent with Rule 12b-1 under the Investment Company Act, which regulates the manner in which an open-end investment company may directly or indirectly bear the expenses of distributing its shares. Although the Fund is not an open-end investment company, it has undertaken to comply with the terms of Rule 12b-1 in accordance with the terms of exemptive relief sought from the SEC.
Shareholder services for which the Distribution and Servicing Plan contemplate paying Distribution and Servicing Fees include, but are not limited to, the following functions: (i) answering shareholder inquiries regarding account status and history, the manner in which purchases, exchanges and repurchases of Shares may be effected and certain other matters pertaining to the shareholders’ investments; (ii) receiving, aggregating and processing shareholder orders; (iii) furnishing shareholder sub-accounting; (iv) providing and maintaining elective shareholder services such as check writing and wire transfer services; (v) providing and maintaining pre-authorized investment plans; (vi) communicating periodically with shareholders; (vii) acting as the sole shareholder of record and nominee for shareholders; (viii) maintaining accounting records for shareholders; (ix) answering questions and handling correspondence from shareholders about their accounts; (x) issuing confirmations for transactions by shareholders; (xi) performing similar account administrative services; (xii) providing such shareholder communications and recordkeeping services as may be required for any
program for which a financial intermediary is a sponsor that relies on Rule 3a-4 under the Investment Company Act (i.e., a “wrap fee” program); and (xiii) providing such other similar services as may reasonably be requested to the extent a Service Organization is permitted to do so under applicable statutes, rules, or regulations. The Distribution and Servicing Fee may be spent by the Distributor for the services rendered to holders of Class A Shares as set forth above, but will generally not be spent by the Distributor on recordkeeping charges, accounting expenses, transfer costs or custodian fees.
Financial Intermediaries
The Fund has authorized certain financial intermediaries to accept purchase and redemption orders on their behalf. The Fund will be deemed to have received a purchase or redemption order when a financial intermediary or its designee accepts the order. These orders will be priced at the NAV next calculated after the order is accepted.
The Adviser does not consider a financial intermediary’s sale of shares of the Fund when selecting brokers or dealers to effect portfolio transactions for the Fund.
Payment of Additional Cash Compensation
On occasion, the Adviser may make payments out of its resources and legitimate profits, which may include profits the Adviser derives from investment advisory fees paid by the Fund, to financial intermediaries as incentives to market the Fund, to cooperate with the Adviser’s promotional efforts, or in recognition of the provision of administrative services and marketing and/or processing support. These payments are often referred to as “additional cash compensation” or “revenue sharing” and are in addition to the sales charges and distribution/service fees. The payments are made pursuant to agreements between financial intermediaries and the Adviser and do not affect the price investors pay to purchase shares of the Fund, the amount the Fund will receive as proceeds from such sales, or the amount of distribution/service fees and other expenses paid by the Fund.
Additional cash compensation payments may be used to pay financial intermediaries for: (a) transaction support, including any one-time charges for establishing access to Fund shares on particular trading systems (known as “platform access fees”); (b) program support, such as expenses related to including the Fund in retirement programs, fee-based advisory or wrap fee programs, fund supermarkets, bank or trust company products, and/or insurance programs (e.g., individual or group annuity contracts); (c) placement by a financial intermediary on its offered, preferred, or recommended fund list; (d) marketing support, such as providing representatives of the Adviser access to sales meetings, sales representatives and management representatives; (e) firm support, such as business planning assistance, advertising, and assistance with educating sales personnel about the Fund and shareholder financial planning needs; and (f) providing other distribution-related or asset retention services. Additional cash compensation payments generally are structured as basis point payments on assets, gross or net sales or, in the case of platform access fees, fixed dollar amounts.
The Fund has not yet entered in any arrangements with broker-dealers offering shares of the Fund, and/or their respective affiliates, for additional cash compensation or similar distribution related payments from the Adviser for providing marketing and program support, administrative services, and/or other services as described above.
In addition to member firms of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, the Adviser also reserves the ability to make payments, as described above, to other financial intermediaries that sell or provide services to the Fund and shareholders, such as banks, insurance companies, and plan administrators. These firms are not included in this list and may include affiliates of the Adviser. You should ask your financial intermediary whether it receives additional cash compensation payments, as described above, from the Adviser.
The Adviser may also pay non-cash compensation to financial intermediaries and their representatives in the form of (a) occasional gifts; (b) occasional meals, tickets or other entertainment; and/or (c) sponsorship support of regional or national conferences or seminars. Such non-cash compensation will be made subject to applicable law.
INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
The firm of Cohen & Company, Ltd. has been selected as independent registered public accounting firm for the Fund for the fiscal year ending December 31, 2024. Cohen & Company, Ltd. performs an annual audit of the Fund's financial statements and advises the Fund as to certain accounting matters.
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
The financial statements and independent registered public accounting firm’s report required to be included in this Statement of Additional Information will be incorporated herein by reference to the Annual Report to Shareholders for the Fund for future periods after the commencement of operations. The Fund will provide the Annual Report without charge upon written request or request by telephone. The Annual Report will also be available on the Fund's website at www.diamond-hill.com/documents.
DIAMOND HILL SECURITIZED CREDIT FUND
PART C. OTHER INFORMATION
ITEM 25. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND EXHIBITS
| | | | | | | | |
(1) | | Financial Statements |
| | |
| Part A | Not applicable, as Registrant has not yet commenced operations. |
| Part B | Not applicable, as Registrant has not yet commenced operations. |
| | | | | | | | | | | |
(2) | | | Exhibits |
| | | |
| (a) | (1) | |
| | (2) | |
| | | |
| (b) | | |
| | | |
| (c) | | None |
| | | |
| (d) | (1) | See Item 25(2)(a)(2) and Item 25(2)(b). |
| | (2) | |
| | | |
| (e) | | None |
| | | |
| (f) | | None |
| | | |
| (g) | | |
| | | |
| (h) | (1) | |
| | (2) | |
| | (3) | |
| | | |
| (i) | | None |
| | | |
| (j) | | |
| | | |
| (k) | (1) | |
| | (2) | |
| | | |
| (l) | | |
| | | |
| (m) | | Not Applicable. |
| | | |
| (n) | | To be filed by subsequent amendment. |
| | | |
| (o) | | None |
| | | |
| (p) | | To be filed by subsequent amendment. |
| | | |
| (q) | | Not Applicable. |
| | | |
| (r) | | |
| | | |
| (s) | | Not Applicable. |
| | | |
Other | (t) | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| 1 | | Incorporated by reference as an exhibit to the Registrant’s Registration Statement filed on May 7, 2024 |
| 2 | | Filed herewith. |
ITEM 26. MARKETING ARRANGEMENTS: None.
ITEM 27. OTHER EXPENSES OF ISSUANCE OR DISTRIBUTION: Not Applicable.
ITEM 28. PERSONS CONTROLLED BY OR UNDER COMMON CONTROL WITH THE REGISTRANT:
The Fund and the Adviser, Diamond Hill Capital Management, Inc., are affiliates of Diamond Hill Investment Group, Inc.
ITEM 29. NUMBER OF HOLDERS OF SECURITIES - To be filed by subsequent amendment
As of [*], 2024:
Title of Class Number of Record Holders
Class R Shares [*}
ITEM 30. INDEMNIFICATION
Reference is made to Article VIII, Section 2 of the Registrant's Agreement and Declaration of Trust (the "Declaration of Trust"), incorporated by reference as Exhibit (a)(2) hereto, and to Section 7 of the Registrant's Distribution Agreement, incorporated by reference as Exhibit (h)(1) hereto. The Registrant hereby undertakes that it will comply the indemnification provisions of the Declaration of Trust and Distribution Agreement in a manner consistent with Release 40-11330 of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "SEC") under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the "1940 Act"), so long as the interpretation therein of Sections 17(h) and 17(i) of the 1940 Act remains in effect.
The Registrant maintains insurance on behalf of any person who is or was an independent trustee, officer, employee, or agent of the Registrant against certain liability asserted against and incurred by, or arising out of, his or her position. However, in no event will the Registrant pay that portion of the premium, if any, for insurance to indemnify any such person for any act for which the Registrant itself is not permitted to indemnify.
Insofar as indemnification for liability arising under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "1933 Act"), may be permitted to trustees, officers and controlling persons of the Registrant pursuant to the foregoing provisions, or otherwise, the Registrant has been advised that in the opinion of the SEC such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the 1933 Act and is, therefore, unenforceable. In the event that a claim for indemnification against such liabilities (other than the payment by the registrant of expenses incurred or paid by a director, officer or controlling person of the registrant in the successful defense of any action, suit or proceeding) is asserted by such trustee, officer or controlling person in connection with the securities being registered, the registrant will, unless in the opinion of its counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the question whether such indemnification by it is against public policy as expressed in the 1933 Act and will be governed by the final adjudication of such issue.
ITEM 31. BUSINESS AND OTHER CONNECTIONS OF INVESTMENT ADVISER
A. Diamond Hill Capital Management, Inc., 325 John H. McConnell Boulevard, Suite 200, Columbus, Ohio 43215 (“DHCM”), adviser to the Diamond Hill Hill Funds and the Diamond Hill Securitized Credit Fund, is a registered investment adviser.
(1) DHCM has engaged in no other business during the past two fiscal years.
(2) Information with respect to the directors and officers of DHCM is incorporated by reference to Schedule D of Form ADV filed by it under the Investment Advisers Act (File No. 801-32176).
ITEM 32. LOCATION OF ACCOUNTS AND RECORDS
Accounts, books and other documents required to be maintained by Section 31(a) of the Investment Company Act of 1940 and the Rules promulgated thereunder will be maintained by the Registrant at 325 John H. McConnell Boulevard, Suite 200, Columbus, Ohio 43215; and/or by the Registrant’s custodian, State Street Bank and Trust Company, One Congress Street, Suite 1, Boston, MA 02114; and the Registrant’s sub-administration service provider, sub-fund accountant, and sub-transfer agent, Ultimus Fund Solutions, LLC, 225 Pictoria Drive, Suite 450, Cincinnati, Ohio 45246.
ITEM 33. MANAGEMENT SERVICES
None.
ITEM 34. UNDERTAKINGS
1. Not Applicable.
2. Not Applicable.
3. The Registrant undertakes:
(a) to file, during any period in which offers or sales are being made, a post-effective amendment to this Registration Statement:
(1) to include any prospectus required by Section 10(a)(3) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended ("Securities Act");
(2) to reflect in the prospectus any facts or events arising after the effective date of the registration statement (or the most recent post-effective amendment thereof) which, individually or in the aggregate, represent a fundamental change in the information set forth in the registration statement; and
(3) to include any material information with respect to the plan of distribution not previously disclosed in the registration statement or any material change to such information in the registration statement;
(b) that, for the purpose of determining any liability under the Securities Act, each such post-effective amendment shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of those securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof;
(c) to remove from registration by means of a post-effective amendment any of the securities being registered which remain unsold at the termination of the offering;
(d) that, for the purpose of determining liability under the Securities Act to any purchaser:
(1) if the Registrant is relying on Rule 430B [17 CFR 230.430B]:
(A) Each prospectus filed by the Registrant pursuant to Rule 424(b)(3) shall be deemed to be part of the registration statement as of the date the filed prospectus was deemed part of and included in the registration statement; and
(B) Each prospectus required to be filed pursuant to Rule 424(b)(2), (b)(5), or (b)(7) as part of a registration statement in reliance on Rule 430B relating to an offering made pursuant to Rule 415(a)(1)(i), (x), or (xi) for the purpose of providing the information required by Section 10(a) of the Securities Act shall be deemed to be part of and included in the registration statement as of the earlier of the date such form of prospectus is first used after effectiveness or the date of the first contract of sale of securities in the offering described in the prospectus. As provided in Rule 430B, for liability purposes of the issuer and any person that is at that date an underwriter, such date shall be deemed to be a new effective date of the registration statement relating to the securities in the registration statement to which that prospectus relates, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof. Provided, however, that no statement made in a registration statement or prospectus that is part of the registration statement or made in a document incorporated or deemed incorporated by reference into the registration statement or prospectus that is part of the registration statement will, as to a purchaser with a time of contract of sale prior to such effective date, supersede or modify any statement that was made in the registration statement or prospectus that was part of the registration statement or made in any such document immediately prior to such effective date; or
(2) if the Registrant is subject to Rule 430C [17 CFR 230.430C]: each prospectus filed pursuant to Rule 424(b) under the Securities Act as part of a registration statement relating to an offering, other than registration statements relying on Rule 430B or other than prospectuses filed in reliance on Rule 430A, shall be deemed to be part of and included in the registration statement as of the date it is first used after effectiveness. Provided, however, that no statement made in a registration statement or prospectus that is part of the registration statement or made in a document incorporated or deemed incorporated by reference into the registration statement or prospectus that is part of the registration statement will, as to a purchaser with a time of contract of sale prior to such first use, supersede or modify any statement that was made in the registration statement or prospectus that was part of the registration statement or made in any such document immediately prior to such date of first use.
(e) that for the purpose of determining liability of the Registrant under the Securities Act to any purchaser in the initial distribution of securities:
The undersigned Registrant undertakes that in a primary offering of securities of the undersigned Registrant pursuant to this registration statement, regardless of the underwriting method used to sell the securities to the purchaser, if the securities are offered or sold to such purchaser by means of any of the following communications, the undersigned Registrant will be a seller to the purchaser and will be considered to offer or sell such securities to the purchaser:
(1) any preliminary prospectus or prospectus of the undersigned Registrant relating to the offering required to be filed pursuant to Rule 424 under the Securities Act;
(2) free writing prospectus relating to the offering prepared by or on behalf of the undersigned Registrant or used or referred to by the undersigned Registrants;
(3) the portion of any advertisement pursuant to Rule 482 [17 CFR 230.482] under the Securities Act relating to the offering containing material information about the undersigned Registrant or its securities provided by or on behalf of the undersigned Registrant; and
(4) any other communication that is an offer in the offering made by the undersigned Registrant to the purchaser.
4. Not applicable.
5. Not applicable.
6. Not applicable.
7. The Registrant undertakes to send by first class mail or other means designed to ensure equally prompt delivery, within two business days of receipt of a written or oral request, any prospectus or Statement of Additional Information.
EXHIBIT INDEX
| | | | | |
Exhibit Number | Description |
(2)(a)(2) | |
(2)(b) | |
(2)(d)(2) | |
(2)(g) | |
(2)(h)(1) | |
(2)(h)(2) | |
(2)(h)(3) | |
(2)(j) | |
(2)(k)(1) | |
(2)(k)(2) | |
(2)(l) | |
(2)(r) | |
(2)(t) | |
| |
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, the Registrant has duly caused this registration statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Columbus, and the State of Ohio on August 30, 2024.
| | | | | | | | |
DIAMOND SECURITIZED CREDIT FUND |
| |
By: | | /s/ Jo Ann Quinif |
| | Jo Ann Quinif |
| | Trustee |
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, this Post-Effective Amendment to the Registration Statement has been signed below by the following persons in the capacities and on the dates indicated.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | |
/s/Jo Ann Quinif | | Trustee | | August 30, 2024 |
Jo Ann Quinif | | | | |
| | |
Tamara L. Fagely* | | Trustee | | August 30, 2024 |
Tamara L. Fagely | | | | |
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Jody T. Foster* | | Trustee | | August 30, 2024 |
Jody T. Foster | | | | |
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John T. Kelly-Jones* | | Trustee | | August 30, 2024 |
John T. Kelly-Jones | | | | |
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DIAMOND SECURITIZED CREDIT FUND |
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*By: | | /s/ Karen R. Colvin |
| | Karen R. Colvin |
| | Executed by Karen R. Colvin |
| | on behalf of those indicated pursuant to Powers of Attorney |
AGREEMENT AND DECLARATION OF TRUST
OF
DIAMOND HILL SECURITIZED CREDIT FUND
a Delaware Statutory Trust
TABLE OF CONTENTS
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AGREEMENT AND DECLARATION OF TRUST
OF
DIAMOND HILL SECURITIZED CREDIT FUND
AGREEMENT AND DECLARATION OF TRUST effective as of the ___day of May 2024 by the Trustee hereunder. This Agreement and Declaration of Trust shall be effective upon the filing of the Certificate of Trust in the Office of the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware.
W I T N E S S E T H:
WHEREAS this Trust has been formed to carry on the business of an investment company; and
WHEREAS this Trust is authorized to issue its shares of beneficial interest in separate Series, and to issue classes of Shares of any Series or divide Shares of any Series into two or more classes, all in accordance with the provisions hereinafter set forth; and
WHEREAS the Trustee agrees, and each future Trustee will agree, to manage all property coming into their hands as trustees of a Delaware statutory trust in accordance with the provisions of the Delaware Statutory Trust Act of 2002 (12 Del. C. § 3801, et seq.), as from time to time amended and including any successor statute of similar import (the “DSTA”), and the provisions hereinafter set forth.
NOW, THEREFORE, the Trustee declares, and each future Trustee will declare, that they will hold all cash, securities and other assets which they may from time to time acquire in any manner as Trustees hereunder IN TRUST to manage and dispose of the same upon the following terms and conditions for the benefit of the holders from time to time of shares of beneficial interest in this Trust and the Series created hereunder as hereinafter set forth.
Article I
NAME AND DEFINITIONS
Section 1.Name. The name of the Trust hereby created is Diamond Hill Securitized Credit Fund and the Trustees shall conduct the business of the Trust under that name, or any other name as they may from time to time determine.
Section 2.Registered Agent and Registered Office; Principal Place of Business.
(a)Registered Agent and Registered Office. The name of the registered agent of the Trust and the address of the registered office of the Trust are as set forth on the Certificate of Trust.
(b)Principal Place of Business. The principal place of business of the Trust is 325 John H. McConnell Blvd., Suite 200, Columbus, Ohio 43215 or such other location within or outside of the State of Delaware as the Board of Trustees may determine from time to time.
Section 3.Definitions. Whenever used herein, unless otherwise required by the context or specifically provided:
(a)“1940 Act” shall mean the Investment Company Act of 1940 and the rules and regulations thereunder, all as adopted or amended from time to time;
(b)“Affiliated Person” shall have the meaning given to it in Section 2(a)(3) of the 1940 Act when used with reference to a specified Person;
(c)“Assignment” shall have the meaning given in the 1940 Act, as modified by or interpreted by any applicable order or orders of the Commission or any rules or regulations adopted or interpretive releases of the Commission thereunder;
(d)“Board of Trustees” shall mean the governing body of the Trust, which comprises the Trustee or Trustees of the Trust;
(e)“By-Laws” shall mean the By-Laws of the Trust, as amended from time to time in accordance with Article IX of the By-Laws, which, together with the Declaration of Trust, shall constitute the governing instrument of the Trust;
(f)“Certificate of Trust” shall mean the certificate of trust filed with the Office of the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware as required under the DSTA to form the Trust, and any amendments and restatements thereto;
(g)“Code” shall mean the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, and the rules and regulations thereunder;
(h)“Commission” shall mean the Securities & Exchange Commission;
(i)“Declaration of Trust” shall mean this Agreement and Declaration of Trust, as amended or restated from time to time;
(j)“Early Withdrawal Fee” shall have the meaning given it in Article VII, Section 2(e) of this Declaration of Trust;
(k)“General Assets” shall have the meaning given it in Article III, Section 6(a) of this Declaration of Trust;
(l)“General Liabilities” shall have the meaning given it in Article III, Section 6(b) of this Declaration of Trust;
(m)“Interested Person” shall have the meaning given it in Section 2(a)(19) of the 1940 Act;
(n)“Investment Adviser” or “Adviser” (including a sub-adviser) shall mean a party furnishing services to the Trust pursuant to any contract described in Article IV, Section 8(a) hereof;
(o)“Majority Shareholder Vote” shall have the same meaning as the term “vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities” as given in the 1940 Act, as modified by or interpreted by any applicable order or orders of the Commission or any rules or regulations adopted or interpretive releases of the Commission thereunder;
(p)“National Financial Emergency” shall mean the whole or any part of any period set forth in Section 22(e) of the 1940 Act. The Board of Trustees may, in its discretion, declare that the suspension relating to a national financial emergency shall terminate, as the case may be, on the first business day on which the New York Stock Exchange shall have reopened or the period specified in Section 22(e) of the 1940 Act shall have expired (as to which, in the absence of an official ruling by the Commission, the determination of the Board of Trustees shall be conclusive);
(q)“Person” shall include a natural person, partnership, limited partnership, trust, estate, association, corporation, custodian, nominee or any other individual or entity in its own or any representative capacity;
(r)“Principal Underwriter” shall have the meaning given to it in Section 2(a)(29) of the 1940 Act;
(s)“Series” means a series of Shares of the Trust established in accordance with the provisions of Article III, Section 6 of this Declaration of Trust;
(t)“Service Charges” shall have the meaning given it in Article IV, Section 6 of this Declaration of Trust;
(u)“Shareholder” shall mean a record owner of Shares;
(v)“Shares” shall mean the outstanding shares of beneficial interest into which the beneficial interest in the Trust shall be divided from time to time, and shall include fractional and whole shares;
(w)“Trust” shall refer to the Delaware statutory trust established by this Declaration of Trust, as amended from time to time;
(x)“Trust Property” shall mean any and all property, real or personal, tangible or intangible, which is owned or held by or for the account of the Trust or one or more of any Series, including, without limitation, the rights referenced in Article VIII, Section 2 hereof; and
(y)“Trustee” or “Trustees” shall refer to each signatory to this Declaration of Trust as a trustee, so long as such signatory continues in office in accordance with the terms hereof, and all other Persons who may, from time to time, be duly elected or appointed, qualified and serving on the Board of Trustees in accordance with the provisions hereof. Reference herein to a Trustee or the Trustees shall refer to such Person or Persons in their capacity as Trustees hereunder.
Article II
PURPOSE OF TRUST
The purpose of the Trust is to conduct, operate and carry on the business of a management investment company registered under the 1940 Act investing primarily in securities and, in addition to any authority given by law, to exercise all of the powers and to do any and all of the things conferred by the laws of the State of Delaware upon a Delaware statutory trust including, without limitation, the following powers:
(a)To invest and reinvest cash, to hold cash uninvested, and to subscribe for, invest in, reinvest in, purchase or otherwise acquire, own, hold, pledge, sell, assign, mortgage, transfer, exchange, distribute, write options on, lend or otherwise deal in or dispose of contracts for the future acquisition or delivery of fixed income or other securities, and securities or property of every nature and kind, including, without limitation, all types of bonds, debentures, stocks, preferred stocks, negotiable or non-negotiable instruments, obligations, evidences of indebtedness, certificates of deposit or indebtedness, commercial paper, repurchase agreements, bankers' acceptances, and other securities of any kind, issued, created, guaranteed, or sponsored by any and all Persons, including, without limitation, states, territories, and possessions of the United States and the District of Columbia and any political subdivision, agency, or instrumentality thereof, any foreign government or any political subdivision of the U.S. Government or any foreign government, or any international instrumentality, or by any bank or savings institution, or by any corporation or organization organized under the laws of the United States or of any state, territory, or possession thereof, or by any corporation or organization organized under any foreign law, or in “when issued” contracts for any such securities, to change the investments of the assets of the Trust;
(b)To exercise any and all rights, powers and privileges with reference to or incident to ownership or interest, use and enjoyment of any of such securities and other instruments or property of every kind and description, including, but without limitation, the right, power and privilege to own, vote, hold, purchase, sell, negotiate, assign, exchange, lend, transfer, mortgage, hypothecate, lease, pledge or write options with respect to or otherwise deal with, dispose of, use, exercise or enjoy any rights, title, interest, powers or privileges under or with reference to any of such securities and other instruments or property, the right to consent and otherwise act with respect thereto, with power to designate one or more Persons, to exercise any of said rights, powers, and privileges in respect of any of said instruments, and to do any and all acts and things for the preservation, protection, improvement and enhancement in value of any of such securities and other instruments or property;
(c)To sell, exchange, lend, pledge, mortgage, hypothecate, lease or write options with respect to or otherwise deal in any property rights relating to any or all of the assets of the Trust or any Series, subject to any requirements of the 1940 Act;
(d)To vote or give assent, or exercise any rights of ownership, with respect to stock or other securities or property; and to execute and deliver proxies or powers of attorney to such person or persons as the Trustees shall deem proper, granting to such person or persons such power and discretion with relation to securities or property as the Trustees shall deem proper;
(e)To exercise powers and right of subscription or otherwise which in any manner arise out of ownership of securities;
(f)To hold any security or property in a form not indicating that it is Trust Property, whether in bearer, unregistered or other negotiable form, or in its own name or in the name of a custodian or subcustodian or a nominee or nominees or otherwise or to authorize the custodian or a subcustodian or a nominee or nominees to deposit the same in a securities depository, subject in each case to proper safeguards according to the usual practice of investment companies or any rules or regulations applicable thereto;
(g)To consent to, or participate in, any plan for the reorganization, consolidation or merger of any corporation or issuer of any security which is held in the Trust; to consent to any contract, lease, mortgage, purchase or sale of property by such corporation or issuer; and to pay calls or subscriptions with respect to any security held in the Trust;
(h)To join with other security holders in acting through a committee, depositary, voting trustee or otherwise, and in that connection to deposit any security with, or transfer any security to, any such committee, depositary or trustee, and to delegate to them such power and authority with relation to any security (whether or not so deposited or transferred) as the Trustees shall deem proper, and to agree to pay, and to pay, such portion of the expenses and compensation of such committee, depositary or trustee as the Trustees shall deem proper;
(i)To compromise, arbitrate or otherwise adjust claims in favor of or against the Trust or any matter in controversy, including but not limited to claims for taxes;
(j)To enter into joint ventures, general or limited partnerships and any other combinations or associations;
(k)To endorse or guarantee the payment of any notes or other obligations of any Person; to make contracts of guaranty or suretyship, or otherwise assume liability for payment thereof;
(l)To purchase and pay for entirely out of Trust Property such insurance as the Trustees may deem necessary or appropriate for the conduct of the business, including, without limitation, insurance policies insuring the assets of the Trust or payment of distributions and principal on its portfolio investments, and insurance policies insuring the Shareholders, Trustees, officers, employees, agents, Investment Advisers, Principal Underwriters, or independent contractors of the Trust, individually against all claims and liabilities of every nature arising by reason of holding Shares, holding, being or having held any such office or position, or by reason of any action alleged to have been taken or omitted by any such Person as Trustee, officer, employee, agent, Investment Adviser, Principal Underwriter, or independent contractor, to the fullest extent permitted by this Declaration of Trust, the By-Laws and by applicable law;
(m)To adopt, establish and carry out pension, profit-sharing, share bonus, share purchase, savings, thrift and other retirement, incentive and benefit plans, trusts and provisions, including the purchasing of life insurance and annuity contracts as a means of providing such
retirement and other benefits, for any or all of the Trustees, officers, employees and agents of the Trust;
(n)To purchase or otherwise acquire, own, hold, sell, negotiate, exchange, assign, transfer, mortgage, pledge or otherwise deal with, dispose of, use, exercise or enjoy, property of all kinds;
(o)To buy, sell, mortgage, encumber, hold, own, exchange, rent or otherwise acquire and dispose of, and to develop, improve, manage, subdivide, and generally to deal and trade in real property, improved and unimproved, and wheresoever situated; and to build, erect, construct, alter and maintain buildings, structures, and other improvements on real property;
(p)To borrow or raise moneys for any of the purposes of the Trust, and to mortgage or pledge the whole or any part of the property and franchises of the Trust, real, personal, and mixed, tangible or intangible, and wheresoever situated;
(q)To enter into, make and perform contracts and undertakings of every kind for any lawful purpose, without limit as to amount; and
(r)To issue, purchase, sell and transfer, re-acquire, hold, trade and deal in Shares, bonds, debentures and other securities, instruments or other property of the Trust, from time to time, to such extent as the Board of Trustees shall, consistent with the provisions of this Declaration of Trust, determine; and to repurchase, re-acquire and redeem, from time to time, its Shares or, if any, its bonds, debentures and other securities.
(s)The Trust shall not be limited to investing in obligations maturing before the possible dissolution of the Trust or one or more of its Series. The Trust shall not in any way be bound or limited by any present or future law or custom in regard to investment by fiduciaries. Neither the Trust nor the Trustees shall be required to obtain any court order to deal with any assets of the Trust or take any other action hereunder.
(t)The foregoing clauses shall each be construed as purposes, objects and powers, and it is hereby expressly provided that the foregoing enumeration of specific purposes, objects and powers shall not be held to limit or restrict in any manner the powers of the Trust, and that they are in furtherance of, and in addition to, and not in limitation of, the general powers conferred upon the Trust by the DSTA and the other laws of the State of Delaware or otherwise; nor shall the enumeration of one thing be deemed to exclude another, although it be of like nature, not expressed.
Article III
SHARES
Section 1.Division of Beneficial Interest. The beneficial interest in the Trust shall at all times be divided into Shares, all without par value. The number of Shares authorized hereunder is unlimited. The Board of Trustees may authorize the division of Shares into separate and distinct Series and the division of any Series into separate classes of Shares. The different Series and classes shall be established and designated, and the variations in the relative rights and
preferences as between the different Series and classes shall be fixed and determined by the Board of Trustees without the requirement of Shareholder approval. If no separate Series or classes shall be established, the Shares shall have the rights and preferences provided for herein and in Article III, Section 6 hereof to the extent relevant and not otherwise provided for herein, and all references to Series and classes shall be construed (as the context may require) to refer to the Trust. The fact that a Series shall have initially been established and designated without any specific establishment or designation of classes (i.e., that all Shares of such Series are initially of a single class) shall not limit the authority of the Board of Trustees to establish and designate separate classes of said Series. The fact that a Series shall have more than one established and designated class, shall not limit the authority of the Board of Trustees to establish and designate additional classes of said Series, or to establish and designate separate classes of the previously established and designated classes.
The Board of Trustees shall have the power to issue Shares of the Trust, or any Series or class thereof, from time to time for such consideration (but not less than the net asset value thereof) and in such form as may be fixed from time to time pursuant to the direction of the Board of Trustees.
The Board of Trustees may hold as treasury shares, reissue for such consideration and on such terms as they may determine, or cancel, at their discretion from time to time, any Shares of any Series reacquired by the Trust. Shares held in the treasury shall not, until reissued, confer any voting rights on the Trustees, nor shall such Shares be entitled to any dividends or other distributions declared with respect to the Shares. The Board of Trustees may classify or reclassify any unissued Shares or any Shares previously issued and reacquired of any Series or class into one or more Series or classes that may be established and designated from time to time. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Trust and any Series thereof may acquire, hold, sell and otherwise deal in, for purposes of investment or otherwise, the Shares of any other Series of the Trust or Shares of the Trust, and such Shares shall not be deemed treasury shares or cancelled.
Subject to the provisions of Section 6 of this Article III, each Share shall have voting rights as provided in Article V hereof, and the Shareholders of any Series shall be entitled to receive dividends and distributions, when, if and as declared with respect thereto in the manner provided in Article IV, Section 3 hereof. No Share shall have any priority or preference over any other Share of the same Series or class with respect to dividends or distributions paid in the ordinary course of business or distributions upon dissolution of the Trust or of such Series or class made pursuant to Article IX, Section 2 hereof. All dividends and distributions shall be made ratably among all Shareholders of a particular class of Series from the Trust Property held with respect to such Series according to the number of Shares of such class of such Series held of record by such Shareholders on the record date for any dividend or distribution. Shareholders shall have no preemptive right to subscribe to new Shares. The Trustees may from time to time divide or combine the Shares of any particular Series into a greater or lesser number of Shares of that Series. Such division or combination may not materially change the proportionate beneficial interests of the Shares of that Series in the Trust Property held with respect to that Series or materially affect the rights of Shares of any other Series.
Any Trustee, officer or other agent of the Trust, and any organization in which any such Person is interested, may acquire, own, hold and dispose of Shares of the Trust to the same extent as if such Person were not a Trustee, officer or other agent of the Trust; and the Trust may issue and sell or cause to be issued and sold and may purchase Shares from any such Person or any such organization subject only to the general limitations, restrictions or other provisions applicable to the sale or purchase of such Shares generally.
Section 2.Ownership of Shares. The ownership of Shares shall be recorded on the books of the Trust kept by the Trust or by a transfer or similar agent for the Trust, which books shall be maintained separately for the Shares of each Series and class thereof that has been established and designated. No certificates certifying the ownership of Shares shall be issued except as the Board of Trustees may otherwise determine from time to time. The Board of Trustees may make such rules not inconsistent with the provisions of the 1940 Act as they consider appropriate for the issuance of Share certificates, the transfer of Shares of each Series or class and similar matters. The record books of the Trust as kept by the Trust or any transfer or similar agent, as the case may be, shall be conclusive as to who are the Shareholders of each Series or class thereof and as to the number of Shares of each Series or class thereof held from time to time by each such Shareholder.
Section 3.Investments in the Trust. Investments may be accepted by the Trust from such Persons, at such times, on such terms, and for such consideration as the Board of Trustees may, from time to time, authorize. Each investment shall be credited to the individual Shareholder's account in the form of full and fractional Shares of the Trust, in such Series or class as the purchaser may select, at the net asset value per Share next determined for such Series or class after receipt of the investment; provided, however, that a Principal Underwriter may, pursuant to its agreement with the Trust, impose a sales charge upon investments in the Trust.
Section 4.Status of Shares and Limitation of Personal Liability. Shares shall be deemed to be personal property giving to Shareholders only the rights provided in this Declaration of Trust and under applicable law. Every Shareholder by virtue of having become a Shareholder shall be held to have expressly assented and agreed to the terms hereof and to have become a party hereto. The death of a Shareholder during the existence of the Trust shall not operate to dissolve the Trust or any Series, nor entitle the representative of any deceased Shareholder to an accounting or to take any action in court or elsewhere against the Trust or the Trustees or any Series, but entitles such representative only to the rights of said deceased Shareholder under this Declaration of Trust. Ownership of Shares shall not entitle the Shareholder to any title in or to the whole or any part of the Trust Property or right to call for a partition or division of the same or for an accounting, nor shall the ownership of Shares constitute the Shareholders as partners. Neither the Trust nor the Trustees, nor any officer, employee or agent of the Trust, shall have any power to bind personally any Shareholder, nor, except as specifically provided herein, to call upon any Shareholder for the payment of any sum of money or assessment whatsoever other than such as the Shareholder may at any time personally agree to pay. All Shares when issued on the terms determined by the Board of Trustees shall be fully paid and nonassessable. As provided in the DSTA, Shareholders of the Trust shall be entitled to the same limitation of personal liability extended to stockholders of a
private corporation organized for profit under the general corporation law of the State of Delaware.
Section 5.Power of Board of Trustees to Change Provisions Relating to Shares. Notwithstanding any other provisions of this Declaration of Trust and without limiting the power of the Board of Trustees to amend this Declaration of Trust or the Certificate of Trust as provided elsewhere herein, the Board of Trustees shall have the power to amend this Declaration of Trust, or the Certificate of Trust, at any time and from time to time, in such manner as the Board of Trustees may determine in its sole and absolute discretion, without the need for Shareholder action, so as to add to, delete, replace or otherwise modify any provisions relating to the Shares contained in this Declaration of Trust, provided that before adopting any such amendment without Shareholder approval, the Board of Trustees shall determine that it is consistent with the fair and equitable treatment of all Shareholders and that Shareholder approval is not otherwise required by the 1940 Act or other applicable law. If Shares have been issued, Shareholder approval shall be required to adopt any amendments to this Declaration of Trust which would adversely affect to a material degree the voting rights of the Shares of any Series or class already issued; provided, however, that in the event that the Board of Trustees determines that the Trust shall no longer be operated as an investment company in accordance with the provisions of the 1940 Act, the Board of Trustees may adopt such amendments to this Declaration of Trust to delete those terms the Board of Trustees identifies as being required by the 1940 Act.
Subject to the foregoing paragraph, the Board of Trustees may amend this Declaration of Trust to amend any of the provisions set forth in paragraphs (a) through (i) of Section 6 of this Article III.
The Board of Trustees shall have the power, in its discretion, to make such elections as to the tax status of the Trust as may be permitted or required under the Code as presently in effect or as amended, without the vote of any Shareholder.
Section 6.Establishment and Designation of Series. The establishment and designation of any Series or class of Shares shall be effective upon the resolution by a majority of the then Board of Trustees, adopting a resolution which sets forth such establishment and designation and the relative rights and preferences of such Series or class. Each such resolution shall be incorporated herein by reference upon adoption.
Each Series shall be separate and distinct from any other Series and shall maintain separate and distinct records on the books of the Trust, and the assets and liabilities belonging to any such Series shall be held and accounted for separately from the assets and liabilities of the Trust or any other Series.
Shares of each Series or class established pursuant to this Section 6, unless otherwise provided in the resolution establishing such Series, shall have the following relative rights and preferences:
(a)Assets Held with Respect to a Particular Series. All consideration received by the Trust for the issue or sale of Shares of a particular Series, together with all assets in which such
consideration is invested or reinvested, all income, earnings, profits, and proceeds thereof from whatever source derived, including, without limitation, any proceeds derived from the sale, exchange or liquidation of such assets, and any funds or payments derived from any reinvestment of such proceeds in whatever form the same may be, shall irrevocably be held with respect to that Series for all purposes, subject only to the rights of creditors with respect to that Series, and shall be so recorded upon the books of account of the Trust. Such consideration, assets, income, earnings, profits and proceeds thereof, from whatever source derived, including, without limitation, any proceeds derived from the sale, exchange or liquidation of such assets, and any funds or payments derived from any reinvestment of such proceeds, in whatever form the same may be, are herein referred to as “assets held with respect to” that Series. In the event that there are any assets, income, earnings, profits and proceeds thereof, funds or payments which are not readily identifiable as assets held with respect to any particular Series (collectively “General Assets”), the Board of Trustees shall allocate such General Assets to, between or among any one or more of the Series in such manner and on such basis as the Board of Trustees, in its sole discretion, deems fair and equitable, and any General Asset so allocated to a particular Series shall be held with respect to that Series. Each such allocation by the Board of Trustees shall be conclusive and binding upon the Shareholders of all Series for all purposes.
(b)Liabilities Held with Respect to a Particular Series. The assets of the Trust held with respect to each particular Series shall be charged against the liabilities of the Trust held with respect to that Series and all expenses, costs, charges and reserves attributable to that Series, and any liabilities, expenses, costs, charges and reserves of the Trust which are not readily identifiable as being held with respect to any particular Series (collectively “General Liabilities”) shall be allocated and charged by the Board of Trustees to and among any one or more of the Series in such manner and on such basis as the Board of Trustees in its sole discretion deems fair and equitable. The liabilities, expenses, costs, charges, and reserves so charged to a Series are herein referred to as “liabilities held with respect to” that Series. Each allocation of liabilities, expenses, costs, charges and reserves by the Board of Trustees shall be conclusive and binding upon the Shareholders of all Series for all purposes. All Persons who have extended credit which has been allocated to a particular Series, or who have a claim or contract that has been allocated to any particular Series, shall look, and shall be required by contract to look exclusively, to the assets of that particular Series for payment of such credit, claim, or contract. In the absence of an express contractual agreement so limiting the claims of such creditors, claimants and contract providers, each creditor, claimant and contract provider will be deemed nevertheless to have impliedly agreed to such limitation unless an express provision to the contrary has been incorporated in the written contract or other document establishing the claimant relationship.
Subject to the right of the Board of Trustees in its discretion to allocate General Liabilities as provided herein, the debts, liabilities, obligations and expenses incurred, contracted for or otherwise existing with respect to a particular Series, whether such Series is now authorized and existing pursuant to this Declaration of Trust or is hereafter authorized and existing pursuant to this Declaration of Trust, shall be enforceable against the assets held with respect to that Series only, and not against the assets of any other Series or the Trust generally and none of the debts, liabilities, obligations and expenses incurred, contracted for or otherwise existing with respect to the Trust generally or any other Series thereof shall be enforceable against the assets held with respect to such Series. Notice of this limitation on liabilities between
and among Series shall be set forth in the Certificate of Trust (whether originally or by amendment) as filed or to be filed in the Office of the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware pursuant to the DSTA, and upon the giving of such notice in the Certificate of Trust, the statutory provisions of Section 3804 of the DSTA relating to limitations on liabilities between and among Series (and the statutory effect under Section 3804 of setting forth such notice in the Certificate of Trust) shall become applicable to the Trust and each Series.
(c)Dividends, Distributions, Redemptions and Repurchases. Notwithstanding any other provisions of this Declaration of Trust, including, without limitation, Article VI, no dividend or distribution including, without limitation, any distribution paid upon dissolution of the Trust or of any Series with respect to, nor any redemption or repurchase of, the Shares of any Series or class shall be effected by the Trust other than from the assets held with respect to such Series, nor, except as specifically provided in Section 6(g) of this Article III, shall any Shareholder of any particular Series otherwise have any right or claim against the assets held with respect to any other Series or the Trust generally except to the extent that such Shareholder has such a right or claim hereunder as a Shareholder of such other Series. The Board of Trustees shall have full discretion, to the extent not inconsistent with the 1940 Act, to determine which items shall be treated as income and which items as capital; and each such determination and allocation shall be conclusive and binding upon the Shareholders.
(d)Voting. All Shares of the Trust entitled to vote on a matter shall vote on the matter, separately by Series and, if applicable, by class, subject to: (1) where the 1940 Act requires all Shares of the Trust to be voted in the aggregate without differentiation between the separate Series or classes, then all of the Trust's Shares shall vote in the aggregate; and (2) if any matter affects only the interests of some but not all Series or classes, then only the Shareholders of such affected Series or classes shall be entitled to vote on the matter. The Shareholder of record (as of the record date established pursuant to Section 5 of Article V) of each Share shall be entitled to one vote for each full Share, and a fractional vote for each fractional Share.
(e)Equality. All Shares of each particular Series shall represent an equal proportionate undivided beneficial interest in the assets held with respect to that Series (subject to the liabilities held with respect to that Series and such rights and preferences as may have been established and designated with respect to classes of Shares within such Series), and each Share of any particular Series shall be equal to each other Share of that Series (subject to the rights and preferences with respect to separate classes of such Series).
(f)Fractions. Any fractional Share of a Series shall carry proportionately all the rights and obligations of a whole Share of that Series, including rights with respect to voting, receipt of dividends and distributions, redemption of Shares and dissolution of the Trust or that Series.
(g)Exchange Privilege. The Board of Trustees shall have the authority to provide that the holders of Shares of any Series shall have the right to exchange said Shares for Shares of one or more other Series in accordance with such requirements and procedures as may be established by the Board of Trustees, and in accordance with the 1940 Act.
(h)Combination of Series. The Board of Trustees shall have the authority, without the approval of the Shareholders of any Series unless otherwise required by applicable law, to combine the assets and liabilities held with respect to any two or more Series into assets and liabilities held with respect to a single Series.
(i)Elimination of Series. At any time that there are no Shares outstanding of any particular Series or class previously established and designated, the Board of Trustees may by resolution of a majority of the then Board of Trustees abolish that Series or class and rescind the establishment and designation thereof.
Article IV
THE BOARD OF TRUSTEES
Section 1.Number, Election and Tenure. The number of Trustees constituting the Board of Trustees may be fixed from time to time by a written instrument signed, or by resolution approved at a duly constituted meeting, by a majority of the Board of Trustees; provided, however, that the number of Trustees shall in no event be less than one (1) nor more than fifteen (15). The initial Trustee shall be Jo Ann Quinif. The Board of Trustees, by action of a majority of the then Trustees at a duly constituted meeting, may fill vacancies in the Board of Trustees (subject to the provisions of Section 16 of the 1940 Act) or remove any Trustee with or without cause. The Shareholders may elect Trustees, including filling any vacancies in the Board of Trustees, at any meeting of Shareholders called by the Board of Trustees for that purpose. A meeting of Shareholders for the purpose of electing one or more Trustees may be called by the Board of Trustees or, to the extent provided by the 1940 Act, by the Shareholders. Shareholders shall have the power to remove a Trustee only to the extent provided by the 1940 Act.
Each Trustee shall serve during the continued lifetime of the Trust until the Trustee dies, resigns, is declared bankrupt or incompetent by a court of appropriate jurisdiction, or is removed, or, if sooner than any of such events, until the next meeting of Shareholders called for the purpose of electing Trustees and until the election and qualification of their successor. Any Trustee may resign at any time by written instrument signed by the Trustee and delivered to any officer of the Trust or to a meeting of the Board of Trustees. Such resignation shall be effective upon receipt unless specified to be effective at some later time. Except to the extent expressly provided in a written agreement with the Trust, no Trustee resigning and no Trustee removed shall have any right to any compensation for any period following any such event or any right to damages on account of such events or any actions taken in connection therewith following their resignation or removal.
Section 2.Effect of Death, Resignation, Removal, etc. of a Trustee. The death, declination, resignation, retirement, removal, declaration as bankrupt or incapacity of one or more Trustees, or of all of them, shall not operate to dissolve the Trust or any Series or to revoke any existing agency created pursuant to the terms of this Declaration of Trust. Whenever a vacancy in the Board of Trustees shall occur, until such vacancy is filled as provided in this Article IV, Section 1, the Trustee(s) in office, regardless of the number, shall have all the powers granted to the Board of Trustees and shall discharge all the duties imposed upon the Board of
Trustees by this Declaration of Trust. In the event of the death, declination, resignation, retirement, removal, declaration as bankrupt or incapacity of all of the then Trustees, the Trust's Investment Adviser(s) is (are) empowered to appoint new Trustees subject to the provisions of Section 16(a) of the 1940 Act.
Section 3.Powers. Subject to the provisions of this Declaration of Trust, the Board of Trustees shall manage the business of the Trust, and such Board of Trustees shall have all powers necessary or convenient to carry out that responsibility, including, without limitation, the power to engage in securities or other transactions of all kinds on behalf of the Trust. The Board of Trustees shall have full power and authority to do any and all acts and to make and execute any and all contracts and instruments that it may consider necessary or appropriate in connection with the administration of the Trust. The Trustees shall not be bound or limited by present or future laws or customs with regard to investment by trustees or fiduciaries, but shall have full authority and absolute power and control over the assets of the Trust and the business of the Trust to the same extent as if the Trustees were the sole owners of the assets of the Trust and the business in their own right, including such authority, power and control to do all acts and things as they, in their sole discretion, shall deem proper to accomplish the purposes of this Trust. Without limiting the foregoing, the Trustees may: (1) adopt, amend and repeal By-Laws not inconsistent with this Declaration of Trust providing for the regulation and management of the affairs of the Trust; (2) fill vacancies in or remove from their number in accordance with this Declaration of Trust or the By-Laws, and may elect and remove such officers and appoint and terminate such agents as they consider appropriate; (3) appoint from their own number and establish and terminate one or more committees consisting of two or more Trustees which may exercise the powers and authority of the Board of Trustees to the extent that the Board of Trustees determine; (4) employ one or more custodians of the Trust Property and may authorize such custodians to employ subcustodians and to deposit all or any part of such Trust Property in a system or systems for the central handling of securities or with a Federal Reserve Bank; (5) retain a transfer agent, dividend disbursing agent, a shareholder servicing agent or administrative services agent, or all of them; (6) provide for the issuance and distribution of Shares by the Trust directly or through one or more Principal Underwriters, placement agents, sub-placement agents or otherwise; (7) retain one or more Investment Adviser(s); (8) redeem, repurchase and transfer Shares pursuant to applicable law; (9) set record dates for the determination of Shareholders with respect to various matters, in the manner provided in Article V, Section 5 hereof; (10) declare and pay dividends and distributions to Shareholders from the Trust Property; (11) establish from time to time, in accordance with the provisions of Article III, Section 6 hereof, any Series or class of Shares, each such Series to operate as a separate and distinct investment medium and with separately defined investment objectives and policies and distinct investment purposes; and (12) in general delegate such authority as they consider desirable to any officer of the Trust, to any committee of the Board of Trustees and to any agent or employee of the Trust or to any such custodian, transfer, dividend disbursing or shareholder servicing agent, Principal Underwriter or Investment Adviser. Any determination as to what is in the best interests of the Trust made by the Board of Trustees in good faith shall be conclusive.
In construing the provisions of this Declaration of Trust, the presumption shall be in favor of a grant of power to the Trustees. Unless otherwise specified herein or required by law, any
action by the Board of Trustees shall be deemed effective if approved or taken by a majority of the Trustees then in office.
Any action required or permitted to be taken by the Board of Trustees, or a committee thereof, may be taken without a meeting if a majority of the members of the Board of Trustees, or committee thereof, as the case may be, shall individually or collectively consent in writing to that action. Such action by written consent shall have the same force and effect as a majority vote of the Board of Trustees, or committee thereof, as the case may be. Such written consent or consents shall be filed with the minutes of the proceedings of the Board of Trustees, or committee thereof, as the case may be.
The Trustees shall devote to the affairs of the Trust such time as may be necessary for the proper performance of their duties hereunder, but the Trustees shall not be expected to devote their full time to the performance of such duties. The Trustees who are not Interested Persons of the Trust shall have the authority to hire employees and to retain advisers and experts necessary to carry out their duties.
Section 4.Chair of the Board of Trustees. The Trustees may appoint one of their number to be Chair of the Board of Trustees. The Chair shall preside at all meetings of the Trustees, shall be responsible for the execution of policies established by the Trustees and the administration of the Trust, and may be (but is not required to be) the chief executive, financial and/or accounting officer of the Trust.
Section 5.Payment of Expenses by the Trust. The Board of Trustees is authorized to pay or cause to be paid out of the principal or income of the Trust or any particular Series or class, or partly out of the principal and partly out of the income of the Trust or any particular Series or class, and to charge or allocate the same to, between or among such one or more of the Series or classes that may be established or designated pursuant to Article III, Section 6, as it deems fair, all expenses, fees, charges, taxes and liabilities incurred by or arising in connection with the maintenance or operation of the Trust or a particular Series or class, or in connection with the management thereof, including, but not limited to, the Trustees' compensation and such expenses, fees, charges, taxes and liabilities for the services of the Trust's officers, employees, Investment Advisers, Principal Underwriter, auditors, counsel, custodian, sub-custodian (if any), transfer agent, dividend disbursing agent, shareholder servicing agent, and such other agents or independent contractors and such other expenses, fees, charges, taxes and liabilities as the Board of Trustees may deem necessary or proper to incur.
Section 6.Payment of Expenses by Shareholders. The Trust's custodian, transfer, dividend disbursing, shareholder servicing or similar agent may impose fees directly on individual shareholders for certain services requested by the shareholder (“Service Charges”). The Board of Trustees shall have the power to assist the Trust's custodian, transfer, dividend disbursing, shareholder servicing or similar agent in the collection of Service Charges by setting off such Service Charges due from a Shareholder from declared but unpaid dividends or distributions owed such Shareholder and/or by reducing the number of Shares in the account of such Shareholder by that number of full and/or fractional Shares which represents the outstanding amount of such Service Charges due from such Shareholder.
Section 7.Ownership of Trust Property. Legal title to all of the Trust Property shall at all times be considered to be vested in the Trust, except that the Board of Trustees shall have the power to cause legal title to any Trust Property to be held by or in the name of any Person as nominee, on such terms as the Board of Trustees may determine, in accordance with applicable law.
Section 8.Service Contracts.
(a)Subject to such requirements and restrictions as may be set forth in the By-Laws and/or the 1940 Act, the Board of Trustees may, at any time and from time to time, contract for exclusive or nonexclusive advisory, management and/or administrative services for the Trust or for any Series with any corporation, trust, association or other organization, including any Affiliated Person; and any such contract may contain such other terms as the Board of Trustees may determine, including without limitation, authority for the Investment Advisers or administrator to determine from time to time without prior consultation with the Board of Trustees what securities and other instruments or property shall be purchased or otherwise acquired, owned, held, invested or reinvested in, sold, exchanged, transferred, mortgaged, pledged, assigned, negotiated, or otherwise dealt with or disposed of, and what portion, if any, of the Trust Property shall be held uninvested and to make changes in the Trust's or a particular Series' investments, or such other activities as may specifically be delegated to such party.
(b)The Board of Trustees may also, at any time and from time to time, contract with any corporation, trust, association or other organization, including any Affiliated Person of the Trust, appointing it or them as the exclusive or nonexclusive distributor or Principal Underwriter for the Shares of the Trust or one or more of the Series or classes thereof or for other securities to be issued by the Trust, or appointing it or them to act as the custodian, transfer agent, dividend disbursing agent and/or shareholder servicing agent for the Trust or one or more of the Series or classes thereof.
(c)The Board of Trustees is further empowered, at any time and from time to time, to contract with any Persons to provide such other services to the Trust or one or more of its Series, as the Board of Trustees determines to be in the best interests of the Trust or one or more of its Series.
(d)The fact that:
(i)any of the Shareholders, Trustees, employees or officers of the Trust is a shareholder, director, officer, partner, trustee, employee, manager, Adviser, Principal Underwriter, distributor, or Affiliated Person or agent of or for any corporation, trust, association, or other organization, or for any parent or Affiliated Person of any organization with which an Adviser's, management or administration contract, or Principal Underwriter's or distributor's contract, or custodian, transfer, dividend disbursing, shareholder servicing or other type of service contract may have been or may hereafter be made, or that any such organization, or any parent or Affiliated Person thereof, is a Shareholder or has an interest in the Trust, or that
(ii)any corporation, trust, association or other organization with which an Adviser's, management or administration contract or Principal Underwriter's or distributor's contract, or custodian, transfer, dividend disbursing, shareholder servicing or other type of service contract may have been or may hereafter be made also has an Adviser's, management or administration contract, or Principal Underwriter's or distributor's contract, or custodian, transfer, dividend disbursing, shareholder servicing or other service contract with one or more other corporations, trusts, associations, or other organizations, or has other business or interests, shall not affect the validity of any such contract or disqualify any Shareholder, Trustee, employee or officer of the Trust from voting upon or executing the same, or create any liability or accountability to the Trust or its Shareholders, provided that the establishment of and performance under each such contract is permissible under the provisions of the 1940 Act.
(a)Every contract referred to in this Section 8 shall comply with such requirements and restrictions as may be set forth in the By-Laws, the 1940 Act or stipulated by resolution of the Board of Trustees; and any such contract may contain such other terms as the Board of Trustees may determine.
Article V
SHAREHOLDERS' VOTING POWERS AND MEETINGS
Section 1.Voting Powers. Subject to the provisions of Article III, Section 6(d), the Shareholders shall have power to vote only: (i) for the election of Trustees, including the filling of any vacancies in the Board of Trustees, as provided in Article IV, Section 1; (ii) with respect to such additional matters relating to the Trust as may be required by this Declaration of Trust, the By-Laws, the 1940 Act or any registration statement of the Trust filed with the Commission; and (iii) on such other matters as the Board of Trustees may consider necessary or desirable. The Shareholder of record (as of the record date established pursuant to Section 5 of this Article V) of each Share shall be entitled to one vote for each full Share, and a fractional vote for each fractional Share. Shareholders shall not be entitled to cumulative voting in the election of Trustees or on any other matter. Shareholders may vote Shares in person or by proxy.
Section 2.Meetings. Meetings of the Shareholders may be held within or outside the State of Delaware. Meetings of the Shareholders of the Trust or a Series may be called by the Board of Trustees, Chair of the Board or the President of the Trust for any lawful purpose, including the purpose of electing Trustees as provided in Article IV, Section 1. Special meetings of the Shareholders of the Trust or any Series shall be called by the Board of Trustees, Chair or President upon the written request of Shareholders owning the requisite percentage amount of the outstanding Shares entitled to vote specified in the By-Laws. Whenever ten or more Shareholders meeting the qualifications set forth in Section 16(c) of the 1940 Act, seek the opportunity of furnishing materials to the other Shareholders with a view to obtaining signatures on such a request for a meeting, the Trustees shall comply with the provisions of said Section 16(c) with respect to providing such Shareholders access to the list of the Shareholders of record of the Trust or the mailing of such materials to such Shareholders of record, subject to any rights provided to the Trust or any Trustees provided by said Section 16(c). Shareholders shall be entitled to at least fifteen (15) days' notice of any meeting.
Section 3.Quorum and Required Vote. Except when a larger quorum is required by applicable law, by the By-Laws or by this Declaration of Trust, thirty-three and one-third percent (33-1/3%) of the Shares present in person or represented by proxy and entitled to vote at a Shareholders' meeting shall constitute a quorum at such meeting. When a separate vote by one or more Series or classes is required, thirty-three and one-third percent (33-1/3%) of the Shares of each such Series or class present in person or represented by proxy and entitled to vote shall constitute a quorum at a Shareholders' meeting of such Series or class. Subject to the provisions of Article III, Section 6(d), Article IV, Section 1 and any other provision of this Declaration of Trust, the By-Laws or applicable law which requires a different vote: (1) in all matters other than the election of Trustees, the affirmative vote of the majority of votes cast at a Shareholders' meeting at which a quorum is present shall be the act of the Shareholders; and (2) Trustees shall be elected by a plurality of the votes cast at a Shareholders' meeting at which a quorum is present.
Section 4.Shareholder Action by Written Consent without a Meeting. Any action which may be taken at any meeting of Shareholders may be taken without a meeting and without prior notice if a consent in writing setting forth the action so taken is signed by the holders of Shares having not less than the minimum number of votes that would be necessary to authorize or take that action at a meeting at which all Shares entitled to vote on that action were present and voted. All such consents shall be filed with the secretary of the Trust and shall be maintained in the Trust's records. Any Shareholder giving a written consent or the Shareholder's proxy holders or a transferee of the Shares or a personal representative of the Shareholder or its respective proxy-holder may revoke the consent by a writing received by the secretary of the Trust before written consents of the number of Shares required to authorize the proposed action have been filed with the secretary.
If the consents of all Shareholders entitled to vote have not been solicited in writing and if the unanimous written consent of all such Shareholders shall not have been received, the secretary shall give prompt notice of the action taken without a meeting to such Shareholders. This notice shall be given in the manner specified in the By-Laws.
Section 5.Record Dates. For purposes of determining the Shareholders entitled to notice of any meeting or to vote or entitled to give consent to action without a meeting, the Board of Trustees may fix in advance a record date which shall not be more than one hundred eighty (180) days nor less than seven (7) days before the date of any such meeting.
If the Board of Trustees does not so fix a record date:
(a)The record date for determining Shareholders entitled to notice of or to vote at a meeting of Shareholders shall be at the close of business on the business day next preceding the day on which notice is given or, if notice is waived, at the close of business on the business day which is five (5) business days next preceding to the day on which the meeting is held.
(b)The record date for determining Shareholders entitled to give consent to action in writing without a meeting, (i) when no prior action by the Board of Trustees has been taken, shall be a day prior to a day on which the first written consent is given, or (ii) when prior action of the Board of Trustees has been taken, shall be at the close of business on the day on which the Board
of Trustees adopts the resolution taking such prior action or the seventy-fifth (75th) day before the date of such other action, whichever is later, or (iii) such other day as the President, Treasurer or Secretary of the Trust determines.
For the purpose of determining the Shareholders of any Series or class who are entitled to receive payment of any dividend or of any other distribution, the Board of Trustees may from time to time fix a date, which shall be before the date for the payment of such dividend or such other distribution, as the record date for determining the Shareholders of such Series or class having the right to receive such dividend or distribution. Nothing in this Section shall be construed as precluding the Board of Trustees from setting different record dates for different Series or classes.
Section 6.Derivative Actions.
(a)In addition to the requirements set forth in Section 3816 of the DSTA, no Shareholder may bring a derivative or similar action or proceeding in the right of the Trust or any Series to recover a judgment in its favor (a “Derivative Action”) unless each of the following conditions is met:
(i)Each complaining Shareholder was a Shareholder of (1) the Series on behalf of or in the right of which the Derivative Action is proposed to be brought and (2) a Class of the Series affected by the action or failure to act complained of, to the extent that fewer than all Classes were affected, at the time of the action or failure to act complained of, or acquired the Shares afterwards by operation of law from a person who was a Shareholder at that time;
(ii)Each complaining Shareholder was a Shareholder of the affected Series or class at the time the demand required by subparagraph (iii) below was made;
(iii)Prior to the commencement of such Derivative Action, the complaining Shareholders have made a written demand on the Trustees requesting that the Trustees cause the Trust to file the action itself on behalf of the affected Series or class, which demand (A) shall be executed by or on behalf of no less than three complaining Shareholders who together hold not less than ten percent (10%) of the outstanding Shares of the affected Series or class, none of which shall be related to (by blood or by marriage) or otherwise affiliated with any other complaining Shareholder (other than as Shareholders of the Trust); and (B) shall include at least the following:
1.a copy of the proposed derivative complaint, setting forth a detailed description of the action or failure to act complained of, the facts upon which each such allegation is made and the reasonably estimated damages or other relief sought;
2.a statement to the effect that the complaining Shareholders believe in good faith that they will fairly and adequately represent the interests of similarly situated Shareholders in enforcing the rights of the affected
Series or class and an explanation of why the complaining Shareholders believe that to be the case;
3.a certification that the requirements of sub-paragraphs (i) and (ii) of this paragraph (a) have been met, as well as information and documentation reasonably designed to allow the Trustees to verify that certification;
4.a certification of the number of Shares of the affected Series or class owned beneficially or of record by each complaining Shareholder at the time set forth in clauses (i), (ii) and (iii) of this subsection (a) and an undertaking that each complaining Shareholder will be a Shareholder of the affected Series or Class as of the commencement of and throughout the derivative action and will notify the Trust in writing of any sale, transfer or other disposition by any of the complaining Shareholders of any such Shares within three business days thereof; and
5.an acknowledgment of the provisions of paragraphs (d) and (e) of this Article V Section 6 below; and
(iv)The derivative action has not been barred in accordance with paragraph (b)(i) below.
(v)Article V, Section 6(a)(iii) shall not apply to claims arising under the federal securities laws.
(b)Within 90 calendar days of the receipt of a Shareholder demand submitted in accordance with the requirements above, those Trustees who are not deemed to be “interested persons” of the Trust as that term is defined in the 1940 Act (i.e., independent Trustees) will consider, with the assistance of counsel who may be retained by such Trustees on behalf and at the expense of the Trust, the merits of the claim and determine whether maintaining a suit would be in the best interests of the Trust. If, during this 90-day period, those independent Trustees conclude that a determination as to the maintenance of a suit cannot reasonably be made within the 90-day period, those independent Trustees may extend the 90-day period by a period of time that the independent Trustees consider will be sufficient to permit them to make such a determination, not to exceed 60 calendar days from the end of the initial 90-day period (such 90-day period, as may be extended as provided hereunder, the “review period”). Notice of any such decision to extend the review period shall be sent to the complaining Shareholders, or, the Shareholders’ counsel if represented by counsel, in writing within five business days of any decision to extend the period. A Trustee otherwise independent for purposes of considering the demand shall not be considered not to be independent solely by virtue of (i) the fact that such Trustee receives remuneration for service as a Trustee of the Trust or as a trustee or director of one or more investment companies with the same or an affiliated investment adviser or underwriter, (ii) the amount of such remuneration, (iii) the fact that such Trustee was identified in the demand as a potential defendant or witness, or (iv) the fact that the Trustee approved the act being challenged in the demand if the act resulted in no material personal benefit to the
Trustee or, if the Trustee is also a Shareholder, no material personal benefit that is not shared pro rata with other Shareholders.
(i)If the demand has been properly made under paragraph (a) of this Article V Section 6, and a majority of the independent Trustees have considered the merits of the claim and have determined that maintaining a suit would not be in the best interests of the Trust, the demand shall be rejected and the complaining Shareholders shall not be permitted to maintain a derivative action unless they first sustain the burden of proof to the court that the decision of the Trustees not to pursue the requested action was not a good faith exercise of their business judgment on behalf of the Trust. If upon such consideration a majority of the independent Trustees determine that such a suit should be maintained, then the appropriate officers of the Trust shall either cause the Trust to commence that suit and such suit shall proceed directly rather than derivatively, or permit the complaining Shareholders to proceed derivatively, provided however that any counsel representing the interests of the Trust shall be approved by the Trustees. The Trustees, or the appropriate officers of the Trust, shall inform the complaining Shareholders of any decision reached under this sub-paragraph (i) by sending written notice to each complaining Shareholder, or the Shareholder’s counsel, if represented by counsel, within five business days of such decision having been reached.
(ii)If notice of a decision has not been sent to the complaining Shareholders or the Shareholders’ counsel within the time permitted by sub-paragraph (i) above, and sub-paragraphs (i) through (iv) of paragraph (a) above have been complied with, the complaining Shareholders shall not be barred by this Declaration of Trust from commencing a derivative action.
(c)A complaining Shareholder whose demand is rejected pursuant to paragraph (b)(i) above shall be responsible for the costs and expenses (including attorneys’ fees) incurred by the Trust in connection with the Trust’s consideration of the demand if a court determines that the demand was made without reasonable cause or for an improper purpose. A Shareholder who commences or maintains a derivative action in violation of this Article V Section 6 shall reimburse the Trust for the costs and expenses (including attorneys’ fees) incurred by the Trust in connection with the action if the action is dismissed on the basis of the failure to comply with this Article V Section 6. If a court determines that any derivative action has been brought without reasonable cause or for an improper purpose, the costs and expenses (including attorneys’ fees) incurred by the Trust in connection with the action shall be borne by the Shareholders who commenced the action. This Article V Section 6(c) shall not apply to claims arising under the federal securities laws.
(d)The Trust shall be responsible for payment of attorneys’ fees and legal expenses incurred by a complaining Shareholder in any circumstances only if required by applicable law. Any attorneys’ fees so incurred by a complaining Shareholder that the Trust is obligated to pay on the basis of hourly rates shall be calculated using reasonable hourly rates.
(e)A Shareholder of a particular Series of the Trust shall not be entitled in such capacity to commence a derivative action on behalf of any other Series of the Trust.
Section 7.Additional Provisions. The By-Laws may include further provisions for Shareholders' votes, meetings and related matters.
Article VI
CUSTODIAN
Section 1.Appointment and Duties. The Trustees shall at all times employ a bank, a company that is a member of a national securities exchange, or a trust company, each having capital, surplus and undivided profits consistent with the requirements of the 1940 Act as a custodian or custodians with authority as its agent, but subject to such restrictions, limitations and other requirements, if any, as may be contained in the By-Laws:
(a)To hold the securities owned by the Trust and deliver the same upon written order or oral order confirmed in writing, or by such electro-mechanical or electronic devices as are agreed to by the Trust and the custodian, if such procedures have been authorized in writing by the Trust;
(b)To receive and receipt for any moneys due to the Trust and deposit the same in its own banking department or elsewhere as the Trustees may direct;
(c)To disburse such funds upon orders or vouchers; and the Trust may also employ such custodian as its agent;
(d)To keep the books and accounts of the Trust or of any Series or class and furnish clerical and accounting services; and
(e)To compute, if authorized to do so by the Trustees, the net asset value of any Series, or class thereof, in accordance with the provisions hereof; all upon such basis of compensation as may be agreed upon between the Trustees and the custodian.
The Trustees may also authorize the custodian to employ one or more subcustodians from time to time to perform such of the acts and services of the custodian, and upon such terms and conditions, as may be agreed upon between the custodian and such subcustodian as may be permitted by the Commission, or otherwise in accordance with the 1940 Act.
Section 2.Central Certificate System. Subject to such rules, regulations and orders as the Commission may adopt, the Trustees may direct the custodian to deposit all or any part of the securities owned by the Trust in a system for the central handling of securities established by a national securities exchange or a national securities association registered with the Commission under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or such other person as may be permitted by the Commission, or otherwise in accordance with the 1940 Act, pursuant to which system all securities of any particular class or series of any issuer deposited within the system are treated as fungible and may be transferred or pledged by bookkeeping entry without physical delivery of such securities, provided that all such deposits shall be subject to withdrawal only upon the order of the Trust or its custodians, subcustodians or other agents.
Article VII
NET ASSET VALUE, DISTRIBUTIONS AND REDEMPTIONS
Section 1.Determination of Net Asset Value, Net Income and Distributions. Subject to Article III, Section 6 hereof, the Board of Trustees shall have the power to fix an initial offering price for the Shares of any Series or class thereof which shall yield to such Series or class not less than the net asset value thereof, at which price the Shares of such Series or class shall be offered initially for sale, and to determine from time to time thereafter the offering price which shall yield to such Series or class not less than the net asset value thereof from sales of the Shares of such Series or class; provided, however, that no Shares of a Series or class thereof shall be issued or sold for consideration which shall yield to such Series or class less than the net asset value of the Shares of such Series or class next determined after the receipt of the order (or at such other times set by the Board of Trustees), except in the case of Shares of such Series or class issued in payment of a dividend properly declared and payable.
Subject to Article III, Section 6 hereof, the Board of Trustees, in their absolute discretion, may prescribe and shall set forth in the By-Laws or in a duly adopted vote of the Board of Trustees such basis and time for determining the per Share or net asset value of the Shares of any Series or net income attributable to the Shares of any Series, or the declaration and payment of dividends and distributions on the Shares of any Series, as they may deem necessary or desirable.
Section 2.Redemptions at the Option of a Shareholder. Unless otherwise provided in the prospectus of the Trust relating to the Shares, as such prospectus may be amended from time to time (“Prospectus”):
(a)The Trust shall purchase such Shares as are offered by any Shareholder for redemption, upon the presentation of a proper instrument of transfer together with a request directed to the Trust or a Person designated by the Trust that the Trust purchase such Shares in accordance with any fundamental policies outlined in the Prospectus and such other procedures for redemption as the Board of Trustees may from time to time authorize; and the Trust will pay therefor the net asset value thereof, in accordance with the By-Laws and applicable law. Payment for said Shares shall be made by the Trust to the Shareholder within seven days after the date on which the request is received in proper form. The obligation set forth in this Section 2 is subject to the provision that in the event that any time the New York Stock Exchange (the “Exchange”) is closed for other than weekends or holidays, or if permitted by the Rules of the Commission during periods when trading on the Exchange is restricted or during any National Financial Emergency which makes it impracticable for the Trust to dispose of the investments of the applicable Series or to determine fairly the value of the net assets held with respect to such Series or during any other period permitted by order of the Commission for the protection of investors, such obligations may be suspended or postponed by the Board of Trustees. If certificates have been issued to a Shareholder, any such request by such Shareholder must be accompanied by surrender of any outstanding certificate or certificates for such Shares in form for transfer, together with such proof of the authenticity of signatures as may reasonably be required on such Shares and accompanied by proper stock transfer stamps, if applicable.
(b)Payments for Shares so redeemed by the Trust shall be made in cash, except payment for such Shares may, at the option of the Board of Trustees, or such officer or officers as it may duly authorize in its complete discretion, be made in kind or partially in cash and partially in kind. In case of any payment in kind, the Board of Trustees, or its delegate, shall have absolute discretion as to what security or securities of the Trust shall be distributed in kind and the amount of the same; and the securities shall be valued for purposes of distribution at the value at which they were appraised in computing the then current net asset value of the Shares, provided that any Shareholder who cannot legally acquire securities so distributed in kind by reason of the prohibitions of the 1940 Act or the provisions of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act (“ERISA”) shall receive cash. Shareholders shall bear the expenses of in-kind transactions, including, but not limited to, transfer agency fees, custodian fees and costs of disposition of such securities.
(c)Payment for Shares so redeemed by the Trust shall be made by the Trust as provided above within seven days after the date on which the redemption request is received in good order; provided, however, that if payment shall be made other than exclusively in cash, any securities to be delivered as part of such payment shall be delivered as promptly as any necessary transfers of such securities on the books of the several corporations whose securities are to be delivered practicably can be made, which may not necessarily occur within such seven day period. Moreover, redemptions may be suspended in the event of a National Financial Emergency. In no case shall the Trust be liable for any delay of any corporation or other Person in transferring securities selected for delivery as all or part of any payment in kind.
(d)The right of Shareholders to receive dividends or other distributions on Shares may be set forth in a Plan adopted by the Board of Trustees and amended from time to time pursuant to Rule 18f-3 of the 1940 Act, as though Rule 18f-3 applied to the Shares of the Trust. The right of any Shareholder of the Trust to receive dividends or other distributions on Shares redeemed and all other rights of such Shareholder with respect to the Shares so redeemed by the Trust, except the right of such Shareholder to receive payment for such Shares, shall cease at the time as of which the purchase price of such Shares shall have been fixed, as provided above.
(e)An early withdrawal fee (the "Early Withdrawal Fee") may be charged by the Trust with respect to any repurchase of Shares from a Shareholder at any time prior to the day immediately preceding the one-year anniversary of the Shareholder's purchase of the Shares, as determined in the sole discretion of the Board of Trustees and as described in the Prospectus. The Early Withdrawal Fee will be retained by the Trust and will be for the benefit of the Trust's remaining Shareholders. Shares tendered for repurchase will be treated as having been repurchased on a "first in-first out" basis.
(f)A Shareholder tendering for repurchase only a portion of its Shares must maintain a minimum investment balance, as determined by the Board of Trustees from time to time, after the repurchase is affected. If a Shareholder tenders an amount that would cause the Shareholder's investment balance to fall below the required minimum, the Trust reserves the right to reduce the amount to be repurchased from the Shareholder so that the required minimum balance is maintained. The Trust may also repurchase all of the Shareholder's Shares in the Trust.
Section 3.Redemptions at the Option of the Trust. The Board of Trustees may, from time to time, without the vote or consent of the Shareholders, and subject to the 1940 Act, redeem Shares or authorize the closing of any Shareholder account, subject to such conditions as may be established by the Board of Trustees.
Section 4.Transfer by a Shareholder.
(a)No Shareholder shall have the right to sell, pledge, transfer or assign their Shares, except (i) with respect those Shares that have been transferred or have vested in another person by operation of law (i.e., the result of the death, bankruptcy, insolvency, adjudicated incompetence or dissolution of the Shareholder) or (ii) with the written consent of the Board of Trustees or its designee (which may be withheld in its sole and absolute discretion).
(b)If any transferee does not meet any investor eligibility requirements established by the Trust from time to time, or if the Board of Trustees does not consent to a sale, pledge, transfer, or assignment, the Trust reserves the right to repurchase the transferred Shares from the Shareholder's successor pursuant to Section 3, above.
(c)Any sale, pledge, transfer, or assignment not made in accordance with this Section 4 shall be void.
Article VIII
COMPENSATION AND LIMITATION OF
LIABILITY OF OFFICERS AND TRUSTEES
Section 1.Compensation. Except as set forth in the last sentence of this Section 1, the Board of Trustees may, from time to time, fix a reasonable amount of compensation to be paid by the Trust to the Trustees and officers of the Trust. Nothing herein shall in any way prevent the employment of any Trustee for advisory, management, legal, accounting, investment banking or other services and payment for the same by the Trust.
Section 2.Indemnification and Limitation of Liability.
(a)To the fullest extent that limitations on the liability of Trustees and officers are permitted by the DSTA, the officers and Trustees shall not be responsible or liable in any event for any act or omission of: any agent or employee of the Trust; any Investment Adviser or Principal Underwriter of the Trust; or with respect to each Trustee and officer, the act or omission of any other Trustee or officer, respectively. The Trust, out of the Trust Property, shall indemnify and hold harmless each and every officer and Trustee from and against any and all claims and demands whatsoever arising out of or related to such officer's or Trustee's performance of their duties as an officer or Trustee of the Trust. This limitation on liability applies to events occurring at the time a Person serves as a Trustee or officer of the Trust whether or not such Person is a Trustee or officer at the time of any proceeding in which liability is asserted. Nothing herein contained shall indemnify, hold harmless or protect any officer or Trustee from or against any liability to the Trust or any Shareholder to which such Person would otherwise be subject by reason of willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of the duties involved in the conduct of such Person's office.
(b)Every note, bond, contract, instrument, certificate or undertaking and every other act or document whatsoever issued, executed or done by or on behalf of the Trust, the officers or the Trustees or any of them in connection with the Trust shall be conclusively deemed to have been issued, executed or done only in such Person's capacity as Trustee and/or as officer, and such Trustee or officer, as applicable, shall not be personally liable therefor, except as described in the last sentence of paragraph (a) of this Section 2 of this Article VIII.
Section 3.Officers and Trustees' Good Faith Action, Expert Advice, No Bond or Surety. The exercise by the Trustees of their powers and discretions hereunder shall be binding upon everyone interested. An officer or Trustee shall be liable to the Trust and to any Shareholder solely for such officer's or Trustee's own willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of the duties involved in the conduct of the office of such officer or Trustee, and for nothing else, and shall not be liable for errors of judgment or mistakes of fact or law. The officers and Trustees may obtain the advice of counsel or other experts with respect to the meaning and operation of this Declaration of Trust and their duties as officers or Trustees. No such officer or Trustee shall be liable for any act or omission in accordance with such advice and no inference concerning liability shall arise from a failure to follow such advice. The officers and Trustees shall not be required to give any bond as such, nor any surety if a bond is required.
Section 4.Insurance. To the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, the officers and Trustees shall be entitled and have the authority to purchase with Trust Property, insurance for liability and for all expenses reasonably incurred or paid or expected to be paid by a Trustee or officer in connection with any claim, action, suit or proceeding in which such Person becomes involved by virtue of such Person's capacity or former capacity with the Trust, whether or not the Trust would have the power to indemnify such Person against such liability under the provisions of this Article.
Article IX
MISCELLANEOUS
Section 1.Liability of Third Persons Dealing with Trustees. No person dealing with the Trustees shall be bound to make any inquiry concerning the validity of any actions made or to be made by the Trustees.
Section 2.Dissolution of Trust or Series. Unless dissolved as provided herein, the Trust shall have perpetual existence. The Trust may be dissolved at any time by the Board of Trustees (without shareholder approval) by written notice to the Shareholders. Any Series may be dissolved at any time by the Board of Trustees (without shareholder approval) by written notice to the Shareholders of that Series.
Upon dissolution of the Trust (or a particular Series, as the case may be), the Trustees shall (in accordance with Section 3808 of the DSTA) pay or make reasonable provision to pay all claims and obligations of each Series (or the particular Series, as the case may be), including all contingent, conditional or unmatured claims and obligations known to the Trust, and all claims and obligations which are known to the Trust but for which the identity of the claimant is unknown. If there are sufficient assets held with respect to each Series of the Trust (or the
particular Series, as the case may be), such claims and obligations shall be paid in full and any such provisions for payment shall be made in full. If there are insufficient assets held with respect to each Series of the Trust (or the particular Series, as the case may be), such claims and obligations shall be paid or provided for according to their priority and, among claims and obligations of equal priority, ratably to the extent of assets available therefor. Any remaining assets (including without limitation, cash, securities or any combination thereof) held with respect to each Series of the Trust (or the particular Series, as the case may be) shall be distributed to the Shareholders of such Series, ratably according to the number of Shares of such Series held by the several Shareholders on the record date for such dissolution distribution.
Section 3.Merger and Consolidation; Conversion.
(a)Merger and Consolidation. Pursuant to an agreement of merger or consolidation, the Trust, or any one or more Series, may, by act of a majority of the Board of Trustees, merge or consolidate with or into one or more business trusts or other business entities formed or organized or existing under the laws of the State of Delaware or any other state or the United States or any foreign country or other foreign jurisdiction. Any such merger or consolidation shall not require the vote of the Shareholders affected thereby, unless such vote is required by the 1940 Act, or unless such merger or consolidation would result in an amendment of this Declaration of Trust, which would otherwise require the approval of such Shareholders. In accordance with Section 3815(f) of the DSTA, an agreement of merger or consolidation may affect any amendment to this Declaration of Trust or the By-Laws or affect the adoption of a new declaration of trust or by-laws of the Trust if the Trust is the surviving or resulting business trust. Upon completion of the merger or consolidation, the Trustees shall file a certificate of merger or consolidation in accordance with Section 3810 of the DSTA.
(b)Conversion. A majority of the Board of Trustees may, without the vote or consent of the Shareholders, cause: (i) the Trust to convert to a common-law trust, a general partnership, limited partnership or a limited liability company organized, formed or created under the laws of the State of Delaware as permitted pursuant to Section 3821 of the DSTA; (ii) the Shares of the Trust or any Series to be converted into beneficial interests in another business trust (or series thereof) created pursuant to this Section 3 of this Article IX; (iii) the Trust to convert to an open-end investment company; or (iv) the Shares to be exchanged under or pursuant to any state or federal statute to the extent permitted by law; provided, however, that if required by the 1940 Act, no such statutory conversion, Share conversion or Share exchange shall be effective unless the terms of such transaction shall first have been approved at a meeting called for that purpose by a Majority Shareholder Vote of the Trust or Series, as applicable; provided, further, that in all respects not governed by statute or applicable law, the Board of Trustees shall have the power to prescribe the procedure necessary or appropriate to accomplish a sale of assets, merger or consolidation including the power to create one or more separate business trusts to which all or any part of the assets, liabilities, profits or losses of the Trust may be transferred and to provide for the conversion of Shares of the Trust or any Series into beneficial interests in such separate business trust or trusts (or series thereof).
Section 4.Reorganization. A majority of the Board of Trustees may cause the Trust to sell, convey and transfer all or substantially all of the assets of the Trust, or all or substantially
all of the assets associated with any one or more Series, to another trust, business trust, partnership, limited partnership, limited liability company, association or corporation organized under the laws of any state, or to one or more separate series thereof, or to the Trust to be held as assets associated with one or more other Series of the Trust, in exchange for cash, shares or other securities (including, without limitation, in the case of a transfer to another Series of the Trust, Shares of such other Series) with such transfer either (a) being made subject to, or with the assumption by the transferee of, the liabilities associated with each Series the assets of which are so transferred, or (b) not being made subject to, or not with the assumption of, such liabilities; provided, however, that, if required by the 1940 Act, no assets associated with any particular Series shall be so sold, conveyed or transferred unless the terms of such transaction shall first have been approved at a meeting called for that purpose by a Majority Shareholder Vote of that Series. Following such sale, conveyance and transfer, the Board of Trustees shall distribute such cash, shares or other securities (giving due effect to the assets and liabilities associated with and any other differences among the various Series the assets associated with which have so been sold, conveyed and transferred) ratably among the Shareholders of the Series the assets associated with which have been so sold, conveyed and transferred (giving due effect to the differences among the various classes within each such Series); and if all of the assets of the Trust have been so sold, conveyed and transferred, the Trust shall be dissolved.
Section 5.Amendments. Subject to the provisions of the second paragraph of this Section 5 of this Article IX, this Declaration of Trust may be restated and/or amended at any time by an instrument in writing signed by a majority of the then Board of Trustees and, if required, by approval of such amendment by Shareholders in accordance with Article V, Section 3 hereof. Any such restatement and/or amendment hereto shall be effective immediately upon execution and approval or upon such future date and time as may be stated therein. The Certificate of Trust may be restated and/or amended by a similar procedure, and any such restatement and/or amendment shall be effective immediately upon filing with the Office of the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware or upon such future date as may be stated therein.
Notwithstanding the above, the Board of Trustees expressly reserves the right to amend or repeal any provisions contained in this Declaration of Trust or the Certificate of Trust, in accordance with the provisions of Section 5 of Article III hereof, and all rights, contractual and otherwise, conferred upon Shareholders are granted subject to such reservation. The Board of Trustees further expressly reserves the right to amend or repeal any provision of the By-Laws pursuant to Article IX of the By-Laws.
Section 6.Filing of Copies, References, Headings. The original or a copy of this Declaration of Trust and of each restatement and/or amendment hereto shall be kept at the principal executive office of the Trust where any Shareholder may inspect it. Anyone dealing with the Trust may rely on a certificate by an officer of the Trust as to whether or not any such restatements and/or amendments have been made and as to any matters in connection with the Trust hereunder; and, with the same effect as if it were the original, may rely on a copy certified by an officer of the Trust to be a copy of this instrument or of any such restatements and/or amendments. In this Declaration of Trust and in any such restatements and/or amendments, references to this instrument, and all expressions of similar effect to “herein,” “hereof” and “hereunder,” shall be deemed to refer to this instrument as amended or affected by any such
restatements and/or amendments. Headings are placed herein for convenience of reference only and shall not be taken as a part hereof or control or affect the meaning, construction or effect of this instrument. Whenever the singular number is used herein, the same shall include the plural; and the neuter, masculine and feminine genders shall include each other, as applicable. This instrument may be executed in any number of counterparts, each of which shall be deemed an original.
Section 7.Applicable Law. This Declaration of Trust is created under and is to be governed by and construed and administered according to the laws of the State of Delaware and the applicable provisions of the 1940 Act and the Code. The Trust shall be a Delaware statutory trust pursuant to the DSTA, and without limiting the provisions hereof, the Trust may exercise all powers which are ordinarily exercised by such a statutory trust.
Section 8.Provisions in Conflict with Law or Regulations.
(a)The provisions of this Declaration of Trust are severable, and if the Board of Trustees shall determine, with the advice of counsel, that any of such provisions is in conflict with the 1940 Act, the Code, the DSTA, or with other applicable laws and regulations, the conflicting provision shall be deemed not to have constituted a part of this Declaration of Trust from the time when such provisions became inconsistent with such laws or regulations; provided, however, that such determination shall not affect any of the remaining provisions of this Declaration of Trust or render invalid or improper any action taken or omitted prior to such determination.
(b)If any provision of this Declaration of Trust shall be held invalid or unenforceable in any jurisdiction, such invalidity or unenforceability shall attach only to such provision in such jurisdiction and shall not in any manner affect such provision in any other jurisdiction or any other provision of this Declaration of Trust in any jurisdiction.
(c)Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Declaration of Trust, nothing modifying, restricting or eliminating the duties or liabilities of Trustees or officers shall apply to, or in any way limit, the duties (including state law fiduciary duties) or liabilities with respect to matters arising under the federal securities laws.
Section 9.Statutory Trust Only. It is the intention of the Trustees to create a statutory trust pursuant to the DSTA, and thereby to create the relationship of trustee and beneficial owners within the meaning of the DSTA between the Trustees and each Shareholder. It is not the intention of the Trustees to create a general or limited partnership, limited liability company, joint stock association, corporation, bailment, or any form of legal relationship other than a statutory trust pursuant to the DSTA. Nothing in this Declaration of Trust shall be construed to make the Shareholders, either by themselves or with the Trustees, partners or members of a joint stock association.
Section 10.Fiscal Year. The fiscal year of the Trust or any Series shall end on a specified date as set forth in, or as set pursuant to, the By-Laws, or by a resolution adopted by the Trustees; provided, however, that the Trustees may, without Shareholder approval, change the fiscal year of the Trust of a Series.
Section 11.Exclusive Delaware Jurisdiction. Each Trustee, each officer, each Shareholder and each Person beneficially owning an interest in a Share of the Trust (whether through a broker, dealer, bank, trust company or clearing corporation or an agent of any of the foregoing or otherwise), to the fullest extent permitted by law, including Section 3804(e) of the DSTA, (i) irrevocably agrees that any claims, suits, actions or proceedings arising out of or relating in any way to the Trust or its business and affairs, the DSTA, this Declaration of Trust or the By-Laws or asserting a claim governed by the internal affairs (or similar) doctrine (including, without limitation, any claims, suits, actions or proceedings to interpret, apply or enforce (A) the provisions of this Declaration of Trust or the By-Laws, or (B) the duties (including fiduciary duties), obligations or liabilities of the Trust to the Shareholders or the Trustees, or of officers or the Trustees to the Trust, to the Shareholders or each other, or (C) the rights or powers of, or restrictions on, the Trust, the officers, the Trustees or the Shareholders, or (D) any provision of the DSTA or other laws of the State of Delaware pertaining to trusts made applicable to the Trust pursuant to Section 3809 of the DSTA, or (E) any other instrument, document, agreement (including, without limitation, any investment management agreement) or certificate contemplated by any provision of the Act, the Declaration of Trust or the Bylaws relating in any way to the Trust or (F) the securities or antifraud laws of any international, national, state, provincial, territorial, local or other governmental or regulatory authority, including, in each case, the applicable rules and regulations promulgated thereunder (regardless, in every case, of whether such claims, suits, actions or proceedings (x) sound in contract, tort, fraud or otherwise, (y) are based on common law, statutory, equitable, legal or other grounds, or (z) are derivative or direct claims)), shall be exclusively brought, unless the Trust, in its sole discretion, consents in writing to an alternative forum, in the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware or, if such court does not have subject matter jurisdiction thereof, any other court in the State of Delaware with subject matter jurisdiction, (ii) irrevocably submits to the exclusive jurisdiction of such courts in connection with any such claim, suit, action or proceeding, (iii) irrevocably agrees not to, and waives any right to, assert in any such claim, suit, action or proceeding that (A) it is not personally subject to the jurisdiction of such courts or any other court to which proceedings in such courts may be appealed, (B) such claim, suit, action or proceeding is brought in an inconvenient forum, or (C) the venue of such claim, suit, action or proceeding is improper, (iv) consents to process being served in any such claim, suit, action or proceeding by mailing, certified mail, return receipt requested, a copy thereof to such party at the address in effect for notices hereunder, and agrees that such service shall constitute good and sufficient service of process and notice thereof; provided, nothing in clause (iv) hereof shall affect or limit any right to serve process in any other manner permitted by law, and (v) irrevocably waives any and all right to trial by jury in any such claim, suit, action or proceeding. This Section 11 of Article IX shall not apply to matters arising under the federal securities laws.
[Signature page follows]
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Trustee named below does hereby make and enter into this Agreement and Declaration of Trust as of the date first above written.
Signature: /s/Jo Ann Quinif
Name: Jo Ann Quinif
Trustee
(sole trustee)
BY-LAWS
Diamond Hill Securitized Credit Fund
A Delaware Statutory Trust
ARTICLE I.
OFFICES
Section 1.01. PRINCIPAL EXECUTIVE OFFICE. The Board of Trustees shall fix and, from time to time, may change the location of the principal executive office of the Trust at any place within or outside the State of Delaware.
Section 1.02. OTHER OFFICES. The Board of Trustees may at any time establish branch or additional offices at any place or places where the Trust intends to do business.
ARTICLE II.
MEETINGS OF SHAREHOLDERS
Section 2.01. PLACE OF MEETINGS. Meetings of shareholders of the Trust (“shareholders”) shall be held on such day, at such time, and at such place (or no place) as the President or the Trustees may fix in the notice of the meeting. Shareholder meetings may be held in person, telephonically, or by any means of remote or virtual communication. In the absence of any such designation, shareholders' meetings shall be held at the principal executive office of the Trust.
Section 2.02. CALL OF MEETING. A meeting of the shareholders may be called (i) at any time for any purpose by the Board of Trustees, by the Chair of the Board of Trustees (“Chair”), or by the President, (ii) whenever election of a Trustee or Trustees by shareholders is required by the provisions of Section 16(a) of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “Company Act”), for that purpose, or (iii) whenever otherwise required pursuant to the Agreement and Declaration of Trust (“Declaration of Trust”) or Delaware law. Special meetings of the shareholders shall be called by the Board of Trustees, Chair, or President upon the written request of shareholders owning at least one-third of the outstanding shares of the Trust (“shares”) entitled to vote.
Section 2.03. NOTICE OF SHAREHOLDERS' MEETING. All notices of meetings of shareholders shall be sent or otherwise given in accordance with Section 2.04 not less than fifteen (15) nor more than one hundred and eighty (180) days before the date of the meeting. The notice shall specify (i) the place, date and hour of the meeting, and (ii) the general nature of the business to be transacted. The notice of any meeting at which Trustees are to be elected also shall include the name of any nominee or nominees whom at the time of the notice are intended to be presented for election. If action is proposed to be taken at any meeting for approval of (i) a contract or transaction in which a Trustee has a direct or indirect financial interest, (ii) an amendment of the Declaration of Trust, (iii) a reorganization of the Trust, or (iv) a voluntary dissolution of the Trust, the notice shall also state the general nature of that proposal.
Section 2.04. MANNER OF GIVING NOTICE; AFFIDAVIT OF NOTICE. Notice of any meeting of shareholders may be communicated directly to shareholders either personally, by mail, or electronic communication or publication (such as posting on a website or e-mail) as allowed under relevant Delaware state laws or federal laws. In case the notice is delivered by mail, it should be addressed to the shareholder at the address of that shareholder appearing on the books of the Trust or its transfer agent or given by the shareholder to the Trust for the purpose of notice. Notice shall be deemed to have been given at the time when delivered personally, deposited in the mail, sent by other means of written or electronic communication, or posted and published on an authorized website or publication.
If any notice addressed to a shareholder at the address of that shareholder appearing on the books of the Trust is returned to the Trust by the United States Postal Service marked to indicate that the Postal Service is unable to deliver the notice to the shareholder at that address, all future notices or reports shall be deemed to have been duly given without further mailing if these shall be available to the shareholder on written demand of the shareholder at the principal executive office of the Trust for a period of one year from the date of the giving of the notice.
An affidavit of the mailing or other means of giving any notice of any shareholders' meeting shall be executed by the Secretary, Assistant Secretary or any transfer agent of the Trust giving the notice and shall be filed and maintained in the minute book of the Trust.
Section 2.05. ADJOURNED MEETING; NOTICE. Any meeting of shareholders, whether or not a quorum is present, may be adjourned from time to time by the vote of the majority of the shares represented at that meeting, either in person or by proxy.
When any shareholders' meeting is adjourned to another time or place, notice need not be given of the adjourned meeting at which the adjournment is taken, unless a new record date of the adjourned meeting is fixed or unless the adjournment is for more than sixty (60) days from the date set for the original meeting, in which case the Board of Trustees shall set a new record date. Notice of any such adjourned meeting shall be given to each shareholder of record entitled to vote at the adjourned meeting in accordance with the provisions of Sections 2.03 and 2.04 above. At any adjourned meeting, the Trust may transact any business which might have been transacted at the original meeting.
Section 2.06. VOTING. The shareholders entitled to vote at any meeting of shareholders shall be determined in accordance with the provisions of the Declaration of Trust, as in effect at such time. The shareholders' vote may be by voice vote or by ballot, provided, however, that any election for Trustees must be by ballot if demanded by any shareholder before the voting has begun on any matter other than elections of Trustees, any shareholder may vote part of the shares in favor of the proposal and refrain from voting the remaining shares or vote them against the proposal, but if the shareholder fails to specify the number of shares which the shareholder is voting affirmatively, it will be conclusively presumed that the shareholder's approving vote is with respect to the total shares that the shareholder is entitled to vote on such proposal.
Section 2.07. WAIVER OF NOTICE BY CONSENT OF ABSENT SHAREHOLDERS. Attendance by a shareholder, in person or by proxy, at a meeting shall constitute a waiver of notice of that meeting with respect to that shareholder, except when the shareholder attends the meeting for the express purpose of objecting, at the beginning of the meeting, to the transaction of any business because the meeting is not lawfully called or convened. Whenever notice of a shareholders' meeting is required to be given to a shareholder under the Declaration of Trust or these By-Laws, a written waiver thereof, executed before or after the time notice is required to be given, by such shareholder or such shareholder's attorney thereunto authorized, shall be deemed equivalent to such notice. The waiver of notice need not specify the purpose of, or the business to be transacted at, the meeting.
Section 2.08. SHAREHOLDER ACTION BY WRITTEN CONSENT WITHOUT A MEETING. Any action which may be taken at any meeting of shareholders may be taken without a meeting and without prior notice if a consent in writing setting forth the action so taken is signed by the holders of outstanding shares having not less than the minimum number of votes that would be necessary to authorize or take that action at a meeting at which all shares entitled to vote on that action were present and voted. All such consents shall be filed with the Secretary of the Trust and shall be maintained in the Trust's records. Any shareholder giving a written consent or the shareholder's proxy holders or a transferee of the shares or a personal representative of the shareholder or their respective proxy-holders may revoke the consent by a writing received by the Secretary before written consents of the number of shares required to authorize the proposed action have been filed with the Secretary.
If the consents of all shareholders entitled to vote have not been solicited in writing and if the unanimous written consent of all such shareholders shall not have been received, the Secretary shall give prompt
notice of the action approved by the shareholders without a meeting. This notice shall be given in the manner specified in Section 2.04. In the case of approval of (i) contracts or transactions in which a Trustee has a direct or indirect financial interest, (ii) indemnification of agents of the Trust, and (iii) a reorganization of the Trust, the notice shall be given at least ten (10) days before the consummation of any action authorized by that approval.
Section 2.09. RECORD DATE FOR SHAREHOLDER NOTICE; VOTING AND GIVING CONSENTS. For purposes of determining the shareholders entitled to notice of any meeting or to vote or entitled to give consent to action without a meeting, the Board of Trustees may fix in advance a record date which shall not be more than one hundred and eighty (180) days nor less than seven (7) days before the date of any such meeting as provided in the Declaration of Trust.
If the Board of Trustees does not so fix a record date:
(a)The record date for determining shareholders entitled to notice of or to vote at a meeting of shareholders shall be at the close of business on the business day next preceding the day on which notice is given or if notice is waived, at the close of business on the business day next preceding the day on which the meeting is held.
(b)The record date for determining shareholders entitled to give consent to action in writing without a meeting, (i) when no prior action by the Board of Trustees has been taken, shall be the day on which the first written consent is given, or (ii) when prior action of the Board of Trustees has been taken, shall be at the close of business on the day on which the Board of Trustees adopt the resolution relating to that action or the seventy-fifth day before the date of such other action, whichever is later.
Section 2.10. PROXIES. Every person entitled to vote for Trustees or on any other matter shall have the right to do so either in person or by one or more agents authorized by a written proxy signed by the person and filed with the Secretary. A proxy shall be deemed signed if the shareholder's name is placed on the proxy (whether by manual signature, electronic signature or otherwise) by the shareholder or the shareholder's attorney-in-fact. A validly executed proxy which does not state that it is irrevocable shall continue in full force and effect unless (i) revoked by the person executing it before the vote pursuant to that proxy by a writing delivered to the Trust stating that the proxy is revoked or by a subsequent proxy executed by or attendance at the meeting and voting in person by the person executing that proxy; or (ii) written notice of the death or incapacity of the maker of that proxy is received by the Trust before the vote pursuant to that proxy is counted; provided however, that no proxy shall be valid after the expiration of eleven (11) months from the date of the proxy unless otherwise provided in the proxy. The revocability of a proxy that states on its face that it is irrevocable shall be governed by the provisions of the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware.
Section 2.11. INSPECTORS OF ELECTION. Before any meeting of shareholders, the Board of Trustees may appoint any persons other than nominees for office to act as inspectors of election at the meeting or its adjournment. If no inspectors of election are so appointed, the Chair of the meeting may and on the request of any shareholder or a shareholder's proxy shall, appoint inspectors of election at the meeting. The number of inspectors shall be either one (1) or three (3). If inspectors are appointed at a meeting on the request of one or more shareholders or proxies, the holders of a majority of shares or their proxies present at the meeting shall determine whether one (1) or three (3) inspectors are to be appointed. If any person appointed as inspector fails to appear or fails or refuses to act, the Chair of the meeting may and on the request of any shareholder or a shareholder's proxy, shall appoint a person to fill the vacancy.
These inspectors shall: (a) determine the number of shares outstanding and the voting power of each, the shares represented at the meeting, the existence of a quorum and the authenticity, validity and effect of proxies; (b) receive votes, ballots or consents; (c) hear and determine all challenges and questions in any way arising in connection with the right to vote; (d) count and tabulate all votes or consents; (e) determine when the polls shall close; (f) determine the result; and (g) do any other acts that may be proper to conduct the election or vote with fairness to all shareholders.
ARTICLE III.
TRUSTEES
Section 3.01. POWERS. Subject to the applicable provisions of the Declaration of Trust and these By-Laws relating to action required to be approved by the shareholders or by the outstanding shares, the business and affairs of the Trust shall be managed and all powers shall be exercised by or under the direction of the Board of Trustees.
Section 3.02. NUMBER AND QUALIFICATION OF TRUSTEES. The exact number of Trustees shall be set as provided in the Declaration of Trust.
Section 3.03. VACANCIES. Vacancies in the Board of Trustees may be filled by a majority of the remaining Trustees, regardless of the number, even if less than a quorum, or by shareholders at any meeting of the shareholders called by the Board of Trustees for the purpose of electing Trustees. In the event of the death, declination, resignation, retirement, removal, declaration as bankrupt or incapacity of all of the then Trustees, the Trust's Investment Adviser(s) is (are) empowered to appoint new Trustees subject to the provisions of Section 16(a) of the Company Act. In the event that at any time less than a majority of the Trustees holding office at that time were so elected by the holders of the outstanding voting securities of the Trust, the Board of Trustees shall forthwith cause to be held as promptly as possible, and in any event within sixty (60) days, a meeting of such holders for the purpose of electing Trustees to fill any existing vacancies in the Board of Trustees, unless such period is extended by order of the United States Securities and Exchange Commission ((SEC”).
Notwithstanding the above, whenever and for so long as the Trust is a participant in or otherwise has in effect a plan under which the Trust may be deemed to bear expenses of distributing its shares as that practice is described in Rule 12b-1 under the Company Act, then the selection and nomination of the Trustees who are not interested persons of the Trust (as that term is defined in the Company Act) shall be, and is, committed to the discretion of such disinterested Trustees.
Section 3.04. PLACE OF MEETINGS AND VIRTUAL MEETINGS. All meetings of the Board of Trustees may be held at any place (or virtually as further described below) within or outside the State of Delaware that has been designated from time to time by the Board of Trustees. In the absence of such a designation, regular meetings shall be held at the principal executive office of the Trust. Any meeting, regular or special, may be held virtually, via video conference, telephone, or similar communication method, so long as all Trustees participating in the meeting can hear one another and all such Trustees shall be deemed to be present in person at the meeting and provided that provisions of the Company Act do not otherwise require an in-person meeting.
Section 3.05. REGULAR MEETINGS. Regular meetings of the Board of Trustees shall be held without call at such time as shall from time to time be fixed by the Board of Trustees. Such regular meetings may be held without notice.
Section 3.06. SPECIAL MEETINGS. Special meetings of the Board of Trustees for any purpose or purposes may be called at any time by the Chair, the President, any Vice President, the Secretary, or any two (2) Trustees.
Notice of the time and place of special meetings shall be delivered personally or by mail, telephone, or electronic communication (such as e-mail) to each Trustee. In case the notice is mailed, it shall be deposited in the United States mail at least seven (7) days before the time of the holding of the meeting and addressed to each Trustee at that Trustee's address as shown on the records of the Trust. In case the notice is delivered personally, by telephone, by e-mail (or similar electronic communication), or by express mail or similar service, it shall be given at least forty-eight (48) hours before the time of the holding of the meeting. Any oral notice given personally or by telephone may be communicated either to the Trustee or to a person at the office of the Trustee who the person giving the notice has reason to believe will promptly communicate it to the Trustee. The notice need not
specify the purpose of the meeting or the place if the meeting is to be held at the principal executive office of the Trust.
Section 3.07. QUORUM. A majority of the authorized number of Trustees shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business, except to adjourn as provided in Section 3.09. Every act or decision done or made by a majority of the Trustees present at a meeting duly held at which a quorum is present shall be regarded as the act of the Board of Trustees, subject to the provisions of the Declaration of Trust. A meeting at which a quorum is initially present may continue to transact business notwithstanding the withdrawal of Trustees if any action taken is approved by a least a majority of the required quorum for that meeting.
Section 3.08. WAIVER OF NOTICE. Notice of any meeting need not be given to any Trustee who either before or after the meeting signs a written waiver of notice, a consent to holding the meeting, or an approval of the minutes. The waiver of notice or consent need not specify the purpose of the meeting. All such waivers, consents, and approvals shall be filed with the records of the Trust or made a part of the minutes of the meeting. Notice of a meeting shall also be deemed given to any Trustee who attends the meeting without protesting before or at its commencement the lack of notice to that Trustee.
Section 3.09. ADJOURNMENT. A majority of the Trustees present, whether or not constituting a quorum, may adjourn any meeting to another time and place.
Section 3.10. NOTICE OF ADJOURNMENT. Notice of the time and place of holding an adjourned meeting need not be given unless the meeting is adjourned for more than forty-eight (48) hours, in which case notice of the time and place shall be given before the time of the adjourned meeting in the manner specified in Section 3.06 to the Trustees who were present at the time of the adjournment.
Section 3.11. ACTION WITHOUT A MEETING. Any action required or permitted to be taken by the Board of Trustees may be taken without a meeting if a majority of the members of the Board of Trustees shall individually or collectively consent in writing to that action. Such action by written consent shall have the same force and effect as a majority vote of the Board of Trustees. Such written consent or consents shall be filed with the minutes of the proceedings of the Board of Trustees.
Section 3.12. FEES AND COMPENSATION OF TRUSTEES. Trustees and members of committees may receive such compensation, if any, for their services and such reimbursement of expenses as may be fixed or determined by resolution of the Board of Trustees. This Section 3.12 shall not be construed to preclude any Trustee from serving the Trust in any other capacity as an officer, agent, employee, or otherwise and receiving compensation for those services.
Section 3.13. DELEGATION OF POWER TO OTHER TRUSTEES. Any Trustee may, by power of attorney, delegate their power for a period not exceeding six (6) months at any one time to any other Trustee or Trustees; provided that in no case shall fewer than two (2) Trustees personally exercise the powers granted to the Trustees under the Declaration of Trust except as otherwise expressly provided therein or by resolution of the Board of Trustees.
ARTICLE IV.
COMMITTEES
Section 4.01. COMMITTEES OF TRUSTEES. The Board of Trustees may by resolution adopted by a majority of the authorized number of Trustees designate one or more committees, each consisting of two (2) or more Trustees, to serve at the pleasure of the Board of Trustees. The Board of Trustees may designate one or more Trustees as alternate members of any committee who may replace any absent member at any meeting of the committee. Any committee to the extent provided in the resolution of the Board of Trustees, shall have the authority of the Board of Trustees, except with respect to the:
(a)Approval of any action which under applicable law also requires shareholders' approval or approval of the outstanding shares, or requires approval by a majority of the entire Board of Trustees or certain members of said Board of Trustees;
(b)Filling of vacancies on the Board of Trustees or in any committee;
(c)Fixing of compensation of the Trustees for serving on the Board of Trustees or on any committee;
(d)Amendment or repeal of the Declaration of Trust or of the By-Laws or the adoption of new By-Laws;
(e)Amendment or repeal of any resolution of the Board of Trustees which by its express terms is not so amendable or repealable;
(f)Distribution to the shareholders of the Trust, except at a rate or in a periodic amount or within a designated range determined by the Board of Trustees; or
(g)Aiesppointment of any other committees of the Board of Trustees or the members of these committees.
Section 4.02. MEETINGS AND ACTION OF COMMITTEES. Meetings and action of committees shall be governed by and held and taken in accordance with the provisions of Article III of these By-Laws, with such changes in the context thereof as are necessary to substitute the committee and its members for the Board of Trustees and its members, except that the time of regular meetings of committees may be determined either by resolution of the Board of Trustees or by resolution of the committee. Special meetings of committees may also be called by resolution of the Board of Trustees, and notice of special meetings of committees shall also be given to all alternate members who shall have the right to attend all meetings of the committee. The Board of Trustees may adopt rules for the government of any committee not inconsistent with the provisions of these By-Laws.
ARTICLE V.
OFFICERS
Section 5.01. OFFICERS. The officers of the Trust shall be a President, a Secretary, a Chief Compliance Officer and a Treasurer. The Trust may also have, at the discretion of the Board of Trustees, a Chair, one or more Vice Presidents, one or more Assistant Secretaries, one or more Assistant Treasurers, and such other officers as may be appointed in accordance with the provisions of Section 5.03. Any number of offices may be held by the same person.
Section 5.02. ELECTION OF OFFICERS. The officers of the Trust, except such officers as may appointed in accordance with the provisions of Section 5.03 and 5.05, shall be chosen by the Board of Trustees, and each shall serve at the pleasure of the Board of Trustees, subject to the rights, if any, of an officer under any contract of employment.
Section 5.03. SUBORDINATE OFFICERS. The Board of Trustees may appoint and may empower the President to appoint such other officers as the business of the Trust may require, each of whom shall hold office for such period, have such authority and perform such duties as are provided in these By-Laws or as the Board of Trustees may from time to time determine.
Section 5.04. REMOVAL AND RESIGNATION OF OFFICERS. Subject to the rights, if any, of an officer under any contract of employment, any officer may be removed, either with or without cause, by the Board of Trustees at any regular or special meeting of the Board of Trustees or except in the case of an officer upon whom such power of removal may be conferred by the Board of Trustees.
Any officer may resign at any time by giving written notice to the Trust. Any resignation shall take effect at the date of the receipt of that notice or at any later time specified in that notice; and unless otherwise specified in that notice, the acceptance of the resignation shall not be necessary to make it effective. Any resignation is without prejudice to the rights, if any, of the Trust under any contract to which the officer is a party.
Section 5.05. VACANCIES IN OFFICES. A vacancy in any office because of death, resignation, removal, disqualification or other cause shall be filled in the manner prescribed in these By-Laws for regular appointment to that office.
Section 5.06. CHAIR OF THE BOARD. The Chair, if such an officer is elected, shall if present preside at meetings of the Board of Trustees and exercise and perform such other powers and duties as may be from time to time assigned to the Chair by the Board of Trustees or prescribed by these By-Laws.
Section 5.07. PRESIDENT. Subject to such supervisory powers, if any, as may be given by the Board of Trustees to the Chair, if there be such an officer, the President shall be the chief executive officer of the Trust and shall, subject to the control of the Board of Trustees, have general supervision, direction and control of the business and the officers of the Trust. The President shall preside at all meetings of the shareholders and in the absence of the Chair or if there be none, at all meetings of the Board of Trustees. The President shall have the general powers and duties of management usually vested in the office of president of a corporation and shall have such other powers and duties as may be prescribed by the Board of Trustees or these By-Laws.
Section 5.08. VICE PRESIDENTS. In the absence or disability of the President, the Vice Presidents, if any, in order of their rank as fixed by the Board of Trustees or if not ranked, a Vice President designated by the Board of Trustees, shall perform all the duties of the president and when so acting shall have all powers of and be subject to all the restrictions upon the president. The Vice Presidents shall have such other powers and perform such other duties as from time to time may be prescribed for them respectively by the Board of Trustees or by these By-Laws and the President or the Chair.
Section 5.09. SECRETARY. The Secretary shall keep or cause to be kept at the principal executive office of the Trust or such other place as the Board of Trustees may direct a book of minutes of all meetings and actions of Trustees, committees of Trustees and shareholders with the time and place of holding, whether regular or special, and if special, how authorized, the notice given, the names of those present at Trustees' meetings or committee meetings, the number of shares present or represented at any meeting of shareholders, and the proceedings.
The Secretary shall keep or cause to be kept at the principal executive office of the Trust or at the office of the Trust's transfer agent or registrar, as determined by resolution of the Board of Trustees, a share register or a duplicate share register showing the names of all shareholders and their addresses, the number and classes of shares held by each, the number and date of certificates issued for the same and the number and date of cancellation of every certificate surrendered for cancellation.
The Secretary shall give or cause to be given notice of all meetings of the shareholders and of the Board of Trustees required by these By-Laws or by applicable law to be given and shall have such other powers and perform such other duties as may be prescribed by the Board of Trustees or by these By-Laws.
Section 5.10. TREASURER. The Treasurer shall be the chief financial officer of the Trust and shall keep and maintain or cause to be kept and maintained adequate and correct books and records of accounts of the properties and business transactions of the Trust, including accounts of its assets, liabilities, receipts, disbursements, gains, losses, capital, retained earnings and shares. The books of account shall at all reasonable times be open to inspection by any Trustee.
The Treasurer shall deposit all monies and other valuables in the name and to the credit of the Trust with such depositories as may be designated by the Board of Trustees. The Treasurer shall disburse the funds of the Trust as may be ordered by the Board of Trustees, shall render to the President and Trustees, whenever they request it, an account of all transactions as chief financial officer and of the financial condition of the Trust and
shall have other powers and perform such other duties as may be prescribed by the Board of Trustees or these By-Laws.
Section 5.11. CHIEF COMPLIANCE OFFICER. The Chief Compliance Officer of the Trust will be responsible for administering its compliance policies and procedures, shall have sufficient authority and independence within the organization to compel others to adhere to the compliance policies and procedures, shall report directly to the Board of Trustees, shall annually furnish a written report on the operation of the compliance policies and procedures to the Board of Trustees and shall perform such other duties as prescribed by the Board of Trustees.
ARTICLE VI.
INDEMNIFICATION OF TRUSTEES, OFFICERS,
AND OTHER COVERED PERSONS
Section 6.01. COVERED PERSON, PROCEEDINGS AND EXPENSES. For the purpose of this Article VI, "Covered Person" means any past, present and future Trustee or officer (including persons who serve at the Trust's request as directors, officers or Trustees of another organization in which the Trust has any interest as a shareholder, creditor, or otherwise); "proceeding" means any threatened, pending or completed action or proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative; and "expenses" includes without limitation attorney's fees and any expenses of establishing a right to indemnification under this Article VI.
Section 6.02. ACTIONS OTHER THAN BY TRUST. This Trust shall indemnify any Covered Person who was or is a party or is threatened to be made a party to any proceeding (other than an action by or in the right of this Trust) by reason of the fact that such person is or was an agent of this Trust, against expenses, judgments, fines, settlements and other amounts actually and reasonably incurred in connection with such proceeding if that Covered Person acted in good faith and in a manner that the Covered Person reasonably believed to be in the best interests of this Trust and in the case of a criminal proceeding, had no reasonable cause to believe the conduct of that Covered Person was unlawful.
Section 6.03. ACTIONS BY OR IN THE RIGHT OF TRUST. This Trust shall indemnify any Covered Person who was or is a party or is threatened to be made a party to any threatened, pending or completed action by or in the right of this Trust to procure a judgment in its favor by reason of the fact that the person is or was an agent of this Trust, against expenses actually and reasonably incurred by that person in connection with the defense or settlement of that action if that Covered Person acted in good faith, in a manner that person believed to be in the best interests of this Trust and with such care, including reasonable inquiry, as an ordinarily prudent person in a like position would use under similar circumstances.
Section 6.04. INDEMNIFICATION. Indemnification shall be made under Sections 6.02 or 6.03 of this Article VI such that:
(a)Expenses, including counsel fees so incurred by any Covered Person (but excluding amounts paid in satisfaction of judgments, in compromise or as fines or penalties), may be paid from time to time by the Trust in advance of the final disposition of any such action, suit or proceeding upon receipt of any undertaking by or on behalf of such Covered Person to repay amounts so paid to the Trust if its ultimately determined that indemnification of such expenses is not authorized under Article VIII of the Declaration of Trust, provided that (i) such Covered Person shall provide security for such Covered Person's undertaking, (ii) the Trust shall be insured against losses arising by reason of such Covered Person's failure to fulfill such Covered Person's undertaking or (iii) a majority of the Trustees who are disinterested persons and who are not Interested Persons (provided that a majority of such Trustees then in office act on the matter), or independent legal counsel in a written opinion, shall determine, based on a review of readily available facts (but not a full trial-type inquiry), that there is reason to believe such Covered Person ultimately will be entitled to indemnification;
(b)The termination of any action, suit or proceeding by judgment, order, settlement, conviction or upon a plea of nolo contendere or its equivalent, shall not, of itself, create a presumption that the person did not
reasonably believe their actions to be in, or not opposed to, the best interests of the Trust and, with respect to any criminal action or proceeding, had reasonable cause to believe that such person's conduct was unlawful.
(c)Pursuant and subject to Article VIII of the Declaration of Trust, the Trust shall indemnify each Covered Person against, or advance the expenses of any Covered Person for, the amount of any deductible provided in any liability insurance policy maintained by the Trust that would otherwise be borne by Covered Person;
(d)Agents and employees of the Trust who are not Trustees or officers of the Trust may be indemnified under the same standards and procedures set forth above, in the discretion of the Board of Trustees;
(e)Nothing in the Declaration of Trust or in these By-Laws shall be deemed to protect any Trustee or officer of the Trust against any liability to the Trust or the shareholders to which such person would otherwise be subject by reason of willful malfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of the duties involved in the conduct of such person's office; and
(f)The Trust shall have the power to purchase and maintain insurance on behalf of any person against any liability asserted against or incurred by such person, whether or not the Trust would have the power to indemnify such person against such liability under the provisions of this Article VI. Nevertheless, insurance will not be purchased or maintained by the Trust if the purchase or maintenance of such insurance would result in the indemnification of any person in contravention of any rule or regulation and/or interpretation of the SEC.
Section 6.05. OTHER CONTRACTUAL RIGHTS. Nothing contained in this Article VI shall affect any right to indemnification to which persons other than Trustees and officers of this Trust or any subsidiary hereof may be entitled by contract or otherwise.
Section 6.06. LIMITATIONS. No indemnification or advance shall be made under this Article VI, except as provided in Section 6.04 or Section 6.05 in any circumstances where it appears:
(a)That it would be inconsistent with a provision of the Declaration of Trust, a resolution of the shareholders, or an agreement in effect at the time of accrual of the alleged cause of action asserted in the proceeding in which the expenses were incurred or other amounts were paid which prohibits or otherwise limits indemnification; or
(b)That it would be inconsistent with any condition expressly imposed by a court in approving a settlement.
Section 6.07. FIDUCIARIES OF EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLAN. This Article VI does not apply to any proceeding against any Trustee, investment manager or other fiduciary of an employee benefit plan in that person' s capacity as such, even though that person may also be a Covered Person of this Trust as defined in Section 6.01. Nothing contained in this Article VI shall limit any right to indemnification to which such a trustee, investment manager, or other fiduciary may be entitled by contract or otherwise which shall be enforceable to the extent permitted by applicable law other than this Article VI.
ARTICLE VII.
RECORDS AND REPORTS
Section 7.01. MAINTENANCE AND INSPECTION OF SHARE REGISTER. This Trust shall keep at its principal executive office or at the office of its transfer agent or registrar, if either be appointed and as determined by resolution of the Board of Trustees, a record of its shareholders, giving the names and addresses of all shareholders and the number of shares held by each shareholder.
Section 7.02. MAINTENANCE AND INSPECTION OF BY-LAWS. The Trust shall keep at its principal executive office the original or a copy of these By-Laws as amended to date, which shall be open to inspection by the shareholders at all reasonable times during office hours.
Section 7.03. MAINTENANCE AND INSPECTION OF OTHER RECORDS. The accounting books and records and minutes of proceedings of the shareholders and the Board of Trustees and any committee or committees of the Board of Trustees shall be kept at such place or places designated by the Board of Trustees or in the absence of such designation, at the principal executive office of the Trust. The minutes shall be kept in written form and the accounting books and records shall be kept either in written form or in any other form capable of being converted into written form. The minutes and accounting books and records shall be open to inspection upon the written demand of any shareholder or holder of a voting trust certificate at any reasonable time during usual business hours for a purpose reasonably related to the holder's interests as a shareholder or as the holder of a voting trust certificate. The inspection may be made in person or by an agent or attorney and shall include the right to copy and make extracts.
Section 7.04. INSPECTION BY TRUSTEES. Every Trustee shall have the absolute right at any reasonable time to inspect all books, records, and documents of every kind and the physical properties of the Trust. This inspection by a Trustee may be made in person or by an agent or attorney and the right of inspection includes the right to copy and make extracts of documents.
Section 7.05. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS. A copy of any financial statements and any income statement of the Trust for each quarterly period of each fiscal year and accompanying balance sheet of the Trust as of the end of each such period that has been prepared by the Trust shall be kept on file in the principal executive office of the Trust for at least twelve (12) months and each such statement shall be exhibited at all reasonable times to any shareholder demanding an examination of any such statement or a copy shall be mailed to any such shareholder.
The quarterly income statements and balance sheets referred to in this Section 7.05 shall be accompanied by the report, if any, of any independent accountants engaged by the Trust or the certificate of an authorized officer of the Trust that the financial statements were prepared without audit from the books and records of the Trust.
ARTICLE VIII.
GENERAL MATTERS
Section 8.01. CHECKS, DRAFTS, EVIDENCE OF INDEBTEDNESS. All checks, drafts, or other orders for payment of money, notes or other evidences of indebtedness issued in the name of or payable to the Trust shall be signed or endorsed by such person or persons and in such manner as from time to time shall be determined by resolution of the Board of Trustees.
Section 8.02. CONTRACTS AND INSTRUMENTS; HOW EXECUTED. The Board of Trustees, except as otherwise provided in these By-Laws, may authorize any officer or officers, agent or agents, to enter into any contract or execute any instrument in the name of and on behalf of the Trust and this authority may be general or confined to specific instances; and unless so authorized or ratified by the Board of Trustees or within the agency power of an officer, no officer, agent, or employee shall have any power or authority to bind the Trust by any contract or engagement or to pledge its credit or to render it liable for any purpose or for any amount.
Section 8.03. CERTIFICATES FOR SHARES. A certificate or certificates for shares of beneficial interest in the Trust may be issued to a shareholder upon such shareholder's request when such shares are fully paid. Certificates may be issued on paper, or electronically, as allowed by relevant Delaware state laws and federal laws. The Trust may impose a nominal charge for issuing certificates to cover expenses related thereto. All certificates shall be signed in the name of the Trust by the Chair, the President, or the Vice President and by the Treasurer, an Assistant Treasurer, the Secretary, or any Assistant Secretary, certifying the number of shares owned by the shareholders. Any or all of the signatures on the certificate may be electronic, as allowed by
relevant Delaware state laws and federal laws. In case any officer, transfer agent, or registrar who has signed or whose electronic signature has been placed on a certificate shall have ceased to be that officer, transfer agent, or registrar before that certificate is issued, it may be issued by the Trust with the same effect as if that person were an officer, transfer agent or registrar at the date of issue. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Trust may adopt and use a system of issuance, recordation and transfer of its shares by electronic or other means; and in fact, as a matter of policy, does not presently issue certified shares.
Section 8.04. LOST CERTIFICATES. Except as provided in this Section 8.04, no new certificates for shares shall be issued to replace an old certificate unless the latter is surrendered to the Trust and cancelled at the same time. The Board of Trustees may in case any share certificate or certificate for any other security is lost, stolen, or destroyed, authorize the issuance of a replacement certificate on such terms and conditions as the Board of Trustees may require, including a provision for indemnification of the Trust secured by a bond or other adequate security sufficient to protect the Trust against any claim that may be made against it, including any expense or liability on account of the alleged loss, theft, or destruction of the certificate or the issuance of the replacement certificate.
Section 8.05. REPRESENTATION OF SHARES OF OTHER ENTITIES HELD BY TRUST. The Chair, the President, the Vice President, or any other person authorized by resolution of the Board of Trustees or by any of the foregoing designated officers, is authorized to vote or represent on behalf of the Trust any and all shares of any corporation, partnership, trusts, or other entities, foreign or domestic, standing in the name of the Trust. The authority granted may be exercised in person or by a proxy duly executed by such designated person.
Section 8.06. FISCAL YEAR. The fiscal year of the Trust shall be fixed and refixed or changed from time to time by resolution of the Trustees. The fiscal year of the Trust shall be the taxable year of the Trust, unless otherwise determined by the Trust's Treasurer.
ARTICLE IX.
AMENDMENTS
Section 9.01. AMENDMENT BY TRUSTEES. In accordance with Article IX, Section 5 of the Declaration of Trust, the Trustees shall have the exclusive power to amend or repeal the By-Laws or adopt new By-Laws at any time. Action by the Trustees with respect to the By-Laws shall be taken by an affirmative vote of a majority of the Trustees. The Trustees shall in no event adopt By-Laws that are in conflict with the Declaration of Trust, and any apparent inconsistency shall be construed in favor of the related provisions in the Declaration of Trust.
Effective: August 21, 2024
THE DIAMOND HILL SECURITIZED CREDIT FUND
MULTI-CLASS PLAN
Consistent with Rule 18f-3
This Multi-Class Plan (the “Plan”) is adopted consistent with Rule 18f-3 (the “Rule”) under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “Act”) by the Diamond Hill Securitized Credit Fund (the “Fund”). A majority of the trustees on the Fund’s board of trustees (“Trustees”), including a majority of the Trustees who are not “interested persons” of the Fund, as defined in the Act (“Independent Trustees”), having determined that the Plan is in the best interests of each class of the Fund, have approved the Plan and any amendments thereto.
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| | The provisions of the Plan are: |
| 1. | | GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF CLASSES. Each class of shares of the Fund shall represent interests in the same portfolio of investments of the Fund and shall be identical in all respects, except that each class shall differ with respect to: (i) the Distribution and Servicing Plan adopted with respect to the class (each, a “Distribution Plan”); (ii) distribution and related services and expenses as provided for in each Distribution Plan; (iii) such differences relating to purchase minimums, eligible investors and exchange privileges as may be set forth in the prospectus and statement of additional information of the Fund, as the same may be amended or supplemented from time to time; and (iv) the designation of each class of shares. The Fund currently has designated three classes of shares: Class A, Class I, and Class R. |
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| 2. | | SALES CHARGE STRUCTURE. The Fund offers and sells Class A shares, Class I shares and Class R shares at net asset value (“NAV”). |
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| 3. | | DISTRIBUTION AND SERVICE FEES. The Fund has adopted a Distribution Plan with respect to its Class A shares consistent with Rule 12b-1 under the Act, which are subject to a maximum annual distribution and servicing fee of 0.50% of the average daily net assets of the Class A shares. |
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| 4. | | EXPENSE ALLOCATIONS TO EACH CLASS. |
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| a. | | In addition to the distribution and servicing fees described above, certain expenses may be attributable to a particular class of shares of the Fund (“Class Expenses”). Class Expenses are charged directly on a net asset basis to the class of shares to which the expense is attributed and are borne on a pro rata basis by the outstanding shares of that class. Class Expenses may include: |
| (i) | | Expenses incurred in connection with a meeting of shareholders; |
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| (ii) | | Litigation expenses; |
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| (iii) | | Printing and postage expenses of shareholders reports, prospectuses and proxies to current shareholders of a specific class; |
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| (iv) | | Expenses of administrative personnel and services required to support the shareholders of a specific class; |
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| (v) | | Transfer agent fees and shareholder servicing expenses; and |
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| (vi) | | Such other expenses incurred by or attributable to a specific class. |
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| b. | | All other expenses of the Fund are allocated to each class of shares on the basis of the NAV of that class in relation to the NAV of the Fund. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the distributor or investment adviser of the Fund may waive or reimburse the expenses of a specific class or classes to the extent permitted under the Rule. |
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| c. | | Expenses may be waived or reimbursed by the Fund’s investment adviser, administrator, distributor or any other service provider to the Fund without the prior approval of the Trustees. |
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| 5. | | CLASS DESIGNATION. Subject to the approval by the Trustees, the Fund may alter the nomenclature for the designations of one or more of its classes of shares. |
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| 6. | | ADDITIONAL INFORMATION. This Plan is qualified by, and subject to, the terms of the then current Prospectus for the applicable class of shares; provided, however, that none of the terms set forth in any such Prospectus are inconsistent with the terms of this Plan. The Prospectus for each class contains additional information about the class and the Fund’s multiple class structure. |
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| 7. | | PERIODIC REVIEW. The Trustees will review expense allocation reports and such other information as they request at such times, or pursuant to such schedule, as they may determine consistent with applicable legal requirements. |
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| 8. | | EFFECTIVE DATE. This Plan is effective on August 21, 2024. |
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| 9. | | AMENDMENT AND TERMINATION. This Plan may not be amended materially unless the Trustees, including a majority of the Independent Trustees, find that the proposed amendments, including any proposed change to the expense allocation, is in the best interest of each class of shares as a whole. Such finding shall be based on information requested by the Trustees and furnished to them, which they deem reasonably necessary to evaluate the proposed amendment. This Plan may be terminated at any time with respect to the Fund or class of shares by a majority of the Trustees, including a majority of the Independent Trustees. |
INVESTMENT MANAGEMENT AGREEMENT
INVESTMENT MANAGEMENT AGREEMENT dated as of August 21, 2024 between Diamond Securitized Credit Fund (the “Fund” or “Trust”), a Delaware statutory trust, and Diamond Hill Capital Management, Inc. (the “Adviser”), an Ohio corporation.
WHEREAS, the Trust has been organized to operate as a closed-end management investment company registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “1940 Act”); and
WHEREAS, the Adviser is an investment adviser registered with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended; and
WHEREAS, the Trust has selected Adviser to act as the investment adviser of the Trust, and to provide certain other services, as more fully set forth below, and Adviser is willing to act as such investment adviser and to perform such services under the terms and conditions hereinafter set forth; and
NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the promises and mutual covenants contained in this Agreement, the Trust and Adviser agree as follows:
1. ADVISORY SERVICES
Adviser will regularly provide the Fund with such investment advice as Adviser in its discretion deems advisable and will furnish a continuous investment program for the Fund consistent with the Fund's investment objectives and policies. Adviser will determine the securities to be purchased for the Fund, the portfolio securities to be held or sold by the Fund and the portion of the Fund's assets to be held uninvested, subject always to the Fund's investment objectives, policies and restrictions, as shall be from time to time in effect, and subject further to such policies and instructions as the Board of Trustees of the Trust (the “Board”) may from time to time establish. Adviser will advise and assist the officers of the Trust in taking such steps as are necessary or appropriate to carry out the decisions of the Board and the appropriate committees of the Board regarding the conduct of the business of the Trust.
2. ALLOCATION OF CHARGES AND EXPENSES
Adviser will pay the compensation and expenses of any persons rendering any services to the Funds who are officers, directors, or employees of Adviser and will make available, without expense to the Funds, the services of such of Adviser’s employees as may duly be elected officers or trustees of the Trust, subject to their individual consent to serve and to any limitations imposed by law, and except as otherwise agreed by the parties. The compensation and expenses of any officers, trustees and employees of the Trust who are not officers, directors, or employees of Adviser or its affiliates will be paid by the Trust.
The Trust will be responsible for the payment of all operating expenses of the Trust, including the compensation and expenses of all trustees of the Trust who are not interested persons of the Trust (“Non-Interested Trustees”), as defined in the 1940 Act, and of any employees of the Trust and of any other persons rendering any services to the Trust; clerical and shareholder service staff salaries; office space and other office expenses; fees and expenses incurred by the Trust in connection with membership in investment company organizations; legal, auditing and accounting expenses; expenses of registering shares under federal and state securities laws, including expenses incurred by the Trust in connection with the organization and initial registration of shares of the Funds; insurance expenses; fees and expenses of the custodian, transfer agent, dividend disbursing agent, shareholder service agent, plan agent, administrator, accounting and pricing services agent and underwriter of the Trust; expenses, including clerical expenses, of issue, sale, redemption or repurchase of shares of the Trust; the cost of preparing and distributing reports and notices to shareholders, the cost of printing or preparing prospectuses and statements of additional information for delivery to the Trust's current shareholders; the cost of printing or preparing share certificates or any other documents, statements or reports to shareholders; expenses of shareholders' meetings and proxy solicitations; advertising, promotion and other expenses incurred directly or indirectly in connection with the sale or distribution of Fund shares (including expenses which the Fund is authorized to pay pursuant to Distribution and Servicing Plan or under any Shareholder Servicing Plan); and all other operating expenses not specifically assumed by Adviser. The Trust, on behalf of the Fund, will also pay all brokerage fees and commissions, taxes, borrowing costs (such as dividend expense on securities sold short and interest), fees and expenses of the Non-Interested Trustees and such extraordinary or non-recurring expenses as may arise, including litigation to which the Trust may be a party and indemnification of the Trust's trustees and officers with respect thereto.
Adviser may obtain reimbursement from the Trust, at such time or times as Adviser may determine in Adviser’s sole discretion, for any of the expenses advanced by Adviser, which the Trust or a Fund is obligated to pay, and such reimbursement shall not be considered to be part of Adviser’s compensation pursuant to this Agreement.
3. COMPENSATION OF THE ADVISER
For all of the services to be rendered and payments to be made as provided in this
Agreement, as of the last business day of each month, the Trust will pay Adviser a fee at the annual rate of 1.25% calculated as a percentage of the average value of the daily net assets of the Fund.
The average value of the daily net assets of the Fund shall be determined pursuant to the applicable provisions of the Declaration of Trust of the Trust (as the same may be amended from time to time) (the “Declaration of Trust”) or a resolution of the Board, if required. If, pursuant to such provisions, the determination of net asset value of a Fund is suspended for any particular business day, then for the purposes of this paragraph, the value of the net assets of the Fund as last determined shall be deemed to be the value of the net assets as of the close of the business day, or as of such other time as the value of the Fund's net assets may lawfully be determined, on
that day. If the determination of the net asset value of the Fund has been suspended for a period including such month, Adviser’s compensation payable at the end of such month shall be computed on the basis of the value of the net assets of the Fund as last determined (whether during or prior to such month).
4. EXECUTION OF PURCHASE AND SALE ORDERS
In connection with purchases or sales of portfolio securities for the account of a Fund, it is understood that Adviser will arrange for the placing of all orders for the purchase and sale of portfolio securities for the Fund with brokers or dealers selected by Adviser, subject to review of this selection by the Board from time to time. Adviser will be responsible for the negotiation and the allocation of principal business and portfolio brokerage. In the selection of such brokers or dealers and the placing of such orders, Adviser is directed at all times to seek for the Fund the best qualitative execution, taking into account such factors as price (including the applicable brokerage commission or dealer spread), the execution capability, financial responsibility and responsiveness of the broker or dealer and, so long as is permitted by applicable law, the brokerage and research services provided by the broker or dealer.
Adviser should generally seek favorable prices and commission rates that are reasonable in relation to the benefits received. In seeking best qualitative execution, Adviser is authorized, subject to the provisions of the 1940 Act, the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “1934 Act”), and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder, to select brokers or dealers who also provide brokerage and research services to the Fund and/or the other accounts over which Adviser exercises investment discretion. Adviser is, subject to the provisions of the 1940 Act, the 1934 Act, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder, authorized to pay a broker or dealer who provides such brokerage and research services a commission for executing a Fund portfolio transaction which is in excess of the amount of commission another broker or dealer would have charged for effecting that transaction if Adviser determines in good faith that the amount of the commission is reasonable in relation to the value of the brokerage and research services provided by the executing broker or dealer. The determination may be viewed in terms of either a particular transaction or Adviser’s overall responsibilities with respect to the Funds and to accounts over which Adviser exercises investment discretion. The Trust and Adviser understand and acknowledge that, although the information may be useful to the Trust and Adviser, it is not possible to place a dollar value on such information. The Board shall periodically review the commissions paid by the Funds to determine if the commissions paid over representative periods of time were reasonable in relation to the benefits to the Funds.
If any occasion should arise in which Adviser gives any advice to clients of Adviser concerning the shares of any Fund, Adviser will act solely as investment counsel for such client and not in any way on behalf of the Trust. Adviser’s services to the Trust pursuant to this Agreement are not to be deemed to be exclusive and it is understood that Adviser may render investment advice, management and other services to others, including other registered investment companies.
5. LIMITATION OF LIABILITY OF ADVISER
Adviser may rely on information reasonably believed by Adviser to be accurate and reliable. Except as may otherwise be required by the 1940 Act or the rules and regulations thereunder, neither Adviser nor its officers, directors, employees, agents, control persons or affiliates of any thereof shall be subject to any liability for, or any damages, expenses or losses incurred by the Trust in connection with any error of judgment, mistake of law, any act or omission connected with or arising out of any services rendered under, or payments made pursuant to, this Agreement or any other matter to which this Agreement relates, except by reason of willful misfeasance, bad faith or gross negligence on the part of any such persons in the performance of Adviser’s duties under this Agreement, or by reason of reckless disregard by any of such persons of Adviser’s obligations and duties under this Agreement.
Any person, even though also a director, officer, employee, or agent of Adviser, who may be or become an officer, director, trustee, employee or agent of the Trust, shall be deemed, when rendering services to the Trust or acting on any business of the Trust (other than services or business in connection with Adviser’s duties hereunder), to be rendering such services to or acting solely for the Trust and not as a director, officer, employee, or agent of Adviser, or one under Adviser’s control or direction, even though paid by Adviser.
6. DURATION AND TERMINATION OF THIS AGREEMENT
This Agreement shall take effect on the date of its execution, and shall remain in force until August 31, 2025, and from year to year thereafter, subject to annual approval by (i) the Board or (ii) a vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of the Trust, provided that in either event continuance is also approved by a majority of the Non-Interested Trustees, by a vote cast in person at a meeting called for the purpose of voting such approval.
This Agreement may, on sixty days written notice, be terminated with respect to the Trust, at any time without the payment of any penalty, by the Board, by a vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of the Trust, or by Adviser. This Agreement shall automatically terminate in the event of its assignment.
7. USE OF NAME
The Trust and Adviser acknowledge that all rights to the name “Diamond Hill” or any variation thereof belong to Adviser, and that the Trust is being granted a limited license to use such words in its name, in the name of any of the Funds or in the name of any class of shares. In the event Adviser ceases to be the adviser to the Trust, the Trust's right to the use of the name “Diamond Hill” shall automatically cease on the ninetieth day following the termination of this Agreement.
The right to use the name may also be withdrawn by Adviser during the term of this Agreement upon ninety (90) days written notice by Adviser to the Trust. Nothing contained herein shall impair or diminish in any respect Adviser’s right to use the name “Diamond Hill” in
the name of, or in connection with, any other business enterprises with which Adviser is or may become associated. There is no charge to the Trust for the right to use this name.
8. AMENDMENT OF THIS AGREEMENT
No provision of this Agreement may be changed, waived, discharged or terminated orally, and no amendment of this Agreement shall be effective until approved by the Board, including a majority of the Non-Interested Trustees , cast in person at a meeting called for the purpose of voting on such approval, and (if required under interpretations of the 1940 Act by the SEC or its staff) by vote of the holders of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of the Fund to which the amendment relates.
9. LIMITATION OF LIABILITY TO TRUST PROPERTY
It is expressly agreed that the obligations of the Trust hereunder shall not be binding upon any of the Trustees, shareholders, nominees, officers, agents or employees of the Trust personally, but bind only the property of the Trust, as provided in the Trust’s declaration of trust. The execution and delivery of this Agreement have been authorized by the Trustees of the Trust and signed by officers of the Trust, acting as such, and neither such authorization by such Trustees nor such execution and delivery by such officers shall be deemed to have been made by any of them individually or to impose any liability on any of them personally, but shall bind only the property of the Trust. A copy of the Trust’s certificate of trust is on file with the Secretary of the State of Delaware.
10. SEVERABILITY
In the event any provision of this Agreement is determined to be void or unenforceable, such determination shall not affect the remainder of this Agreement, which shall continue to be in force.
11. QUESTIONS OF INTERPRETATION
(a) This Agreement shall be governed by the laws of the State of Ohio.
(b) For the purpose of this Agreement, the terms “majority of the outstanding voting securities,” “control” and “interested person” shall have their respective meanings as defined in the 1940 Act and rules and regulations thereunder, subject, however, to such exemptions as may be granted by the SEC under the 1940 Act; and the term “brokerage and research services” shall have the meaning given in the 1934 Act and the rules and regulations thereunder.
(c) Any question of interpretation of any term or provision of this Agreement having a counterpart in or otherwise derived from a term or provision of the 1940 Act shall be resolved by reference to such term or provision of the 1940 Act and to interpretation thereof, if any, by the
United States courts or in the absence of any controlling decision of any such court, by the SEC or its staff. In addition, where the effect of a requirement of the 1940 Act, reflected in any provision of this Agreement, is revised by rule, regulation, order or interpretation of the SEC or its staff, such provision shall be deemed to incorporate the effect of such rule, regulations, order or interpretation.
12. NOTICES
Any notices under this Agreement shall be in writing, addressed and delivered or mailed postage paid to the other party at such address as such other party may designate for the receipt of such notice. Until further notice to the other party, it is agreed that the address of the Trust is 325 John H. McConnell Boulevard, Suite 200, Columbus, Ohio 43215, and Adviser’s address for this purpose shall be 325 John H. McConnell Boulevard, Suite 200, Columbus, Ohio 43215.
13. COUNTERPARTS
This agreement may be executed in one or more counterparts, each of which shall be deemed an original, but all of which together shall constitute one and the same instrument.
14. BINDING EFFECT
Each of the undersigned expressly warrants and represents that he has the full power and authority to sign this Agreement on behalf of the party indicated, and thus his signature will operate to bind the party indicated to the foregoing terms.
15. CAPTIONS
The captions in this Agreement are included for convenience of reference only and in no way define or delimit any of the provisions hereof or otherwise affect their construction or effect.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties have duly executed this Agreement as of the day and year first above written.
Diamond Hill Securitized Credit Fund Diamond Hill Capital Management, Inc.
By: /s/Jo Ann Quinif By: /s/Thomas E. Line
Jo Ann Quinif Thomas E. Line
President Chief Financial Officer
DISTRIBUTION AGREEMENT
THIS DISTRIBUTION AGREEMENT (this “Agreement”) is made and entered into as of this 21st day of August, 2024, by and between Diamond Hill Securitized Credit Fund, a Delaware statutory trust (the “Fund”) and Foreside Financial Services, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (the “Distributor”). Each of the Fund and the Distributor, a “Party”, and together, the “Parties”.
WHEREAS, the Fund is registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “1940 Act”), as a non-diversified closed-end management investment company and operates as an interval fund, and is authorized to issue Shares of beneficial interest (“Shares”);
WHEREAS, the Fund desires to retain the Distributor as its principal underwriter in connection with the offering of the Shares of the Fund;
WHEREAS, the Distributor is registered as a broker-dealer under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “1934 Act”), and is a member of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc. (“FINRA”);
WHEREAS, this Agreement has been approved by a vote of the Fund’s board of trustees (the “Board”), including a majority of its trustees who are not interested persons as that term is defined in the 1940 Act (“Independent Trustees”) in conformity with Section 15(c) of the 1940 Act; and
WHEREAS, the Distributor is willing to act as principal underwriter for the Fund on the terms and conditions hereinafter set forth.
NOW THEREFORE, in consideration of the promises and mutual covenants herein contained, and other good and valuable consideration, the receipt of which is hereby acknowledged, the parties hereto, intending to be legally bound, do hereby agree as follows:
1. Appointment of Distributor. The Fund hereby appoints the Distributor as its principal underwriter for the distribution of Shares of the Fund, on the terms and conditions set forth in this Agreement, and the Distributor hereby accepts such appointment and agrees to perform the services and duties set forth in this Agreement.
2. Services and Duties of the Distributor.
A. The Distributor agrees to act as the principal underwriter of the Fund for the distribution of Shares of the Fund upon the terms described in the Prospectus. As used in this Agreement, the term “Prospectus” shall mean each current prospectus, including the statement of additional information, as amended or supplemented, relating to the Fund and included in the currently effective registration statement(s) or post-effective amendment(s) thereto (the
“Registration Statement”) of the Fund under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “1933 Act”), and the 1940 Act.
B. During the public offering of Shares of the Fund, the Distributor shall use commercially reasonable efforts to distribute the Shares. All orders for Shares shall be made through financial intermediaries or directly to the Fund, or its designated agent. Such purchase orders shall be deemed effective at the time and in the manner set forth in the Prospectus. The Fund or its designated agent will confirm orders and subscriptions upon receipt, will make appropriate book entries and, upon receipt of payment therefor, will issue the appropriate number of Shares in uncertificated form.
C. The Distributor shall maintain membership with the NSCC and any other similar successor organization to sponsor a participant number for the Fund so as to enable the Shares to be traded through FundSERV. The Distributor shall not be responsible for any operational matters associated with FundSERV or Networking transactions.
D. The Distributor acknowledges and agrees that it is not authorized to provide any information or make any representations regarding the Fund other than as contained in the Prospectus and any sales literature and advertising materials specifically approved by the Fund.
E. The Distributor agrees to review all proposed marketing materials for compliance with applicable FINRA and Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) advertising rules and regulations and shall file with FINRA those marketing materials that it believes are in compliance with such laws and regulations. The Distributor agrees to promptly furnish to the Fund any comments provided by regulators with respect to such materials.
F. The Fund agrees to redeem or repurchase Shares tendered by shareholders of the Fund in accordance with the Fund’s obligations in the Prospectus and the Registration Statement. The Fund reserves the right to suspend such repurchase right upon written notice to the Distributor.
G. The Distributor may, in its discretion, and shall, at the request of the Fund, enter into agreements with qualified broker-dealers and other financial intermediaries (collectively, the “Financial Intermediaries”) in order that such Financial Intermediaries may sell Shares of the Fund. The form of any dealer agreement shall be approved by the Fund (“Standard Dealer Agreement”) prior to the commencement of any Financial Intermediary selling Shares of the Fund. The Distributor shall not be obligated to make any payments to the Financial Intermediaries or other third parties, unless (i) Distributor has received a payment from the Fund pursuant to such Fund’s plan of distribution adopted in conformity with Rule 12b-1 under the 1940 Act (“Plan”) and (ii) such Plan has been approved by the Board.
H. The Distributor shall not be obligated to sell any certain number of Shares.
I. The Distributor shall prepare reports for the Board regarding its activities under this Agreement as from time to time shall be reasonably requested by the Board.
J. The services furnished by the Distributor hereunder are not to be deemed exclusive and the Distributor shall be free to furnish similar services to others so long as its services under this Agreement are not impaired thereby.
L. Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, except as set forth in Section 4(A)(iv) below, the Distributor shall not be required to register as a broker or dealer in any specific jurisdiction or to maintain its registration in any jurisdiction in which it is now registered.
3. Representations, Warranties and Covenants of the Fund.
A. The Fund hereby represents and warrants to the Distributor, which representations and warranties shall be deemed to be continuing throughout the term of this Agreement, that:
(i) it is duly organized and in good standing under the laws of its jurisdiction of incorporation/organization and is registered as a closed-end management investment company under the 1940 Act;
(ii) this Agreement has been duly authorized, executed and delivered by the Fund and, when executed and delivered, will constitute a valid and legally binding obligation of the Fund, enforceable in accordance with its terms, subject to bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium and other laws of general application affecting the rights and remedies of creditors and secured parties;
(iii) it is conducting its business in compliance in all material respects with all applicable laws and regulations, both state and federal, and has obtained all regulatory approvals necessary to carry on its business as now conducted; there is no statute, rule, regulation, order or judgment binding on it and no provision of its charter, bylaws/operating agreement or any contract binding it or affecting its property which would prohibit its execution or performance of this Agreement;
(iv) the Shares are validly authorized and, when issued in accordance with the description in the Prospectus, will be fully paid and nonassessable;
(v) the Registration Statement and Prospectus included therein have been prepared in conformity with the requirements of the 1933 Act and the 1940 Act and the rules and regulations thereunder;
(vi) the Registration Statement and Prospectus and any marketing material prepared by the Fund or its agents do not and shall not contain any untrue statement of material fact or omit to state any material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading, and that all statements or information furnished to the Distributor pursuant to this Agreement shall be true and correct in all material respects;
(vii) the Fund owns, possesses, licenses or has other rights to use all patents, patent applications, trademarks and service marks, trademark and service mark registrations, trade names, copyrights, licenses, inventions, trade secrets, technology, know-how and other intellectual property (collectively, “Intellectual Property”) necessary for or used in the conduct of the Fund’s business and for the offer, issuance, distribution and sale of the Shares in accordance with the terms of the Prospectus and this Agreement, and such Intellectual Property does not and will not breach or infringe the terms of any Intellectual Property owned, held or licensed by any third party; and
(viii) all necessary approvals, authorizations, consents or orders of or filings with any federal, state, local or foreign governmental or regulatory commission, board, body, authority or agency have been or will be obtained by the Fund in connection with the issuance and sale of the Shares, including registration of the Shares under the 1933 Act, the filing with FINRA’s corporate financing department through its Public Offering System, and any necessary qualification under the securities or blue sky laws of the various jurisdictions in which the Shares are being offered.
B. The Fund shall take, or cause to be taken, all necessary action to register the Shares under the federal and all applicable state securities laws and to maintain an effective Registration Statement for such Shares in order to permit the sale of Shares as herein contemplated. The Fund authorizes the Distributor to use the Prospectus, in the form furnished to the Distributor from time to time, in connection with the sale of Shares.
C. The Fund agrees to advise the Distributor promptly in writing:
(i) of any material correspondence or other communication by the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) or its staff relating to the Fund, including requests by the SEC for amendments to the Registration Statement or Prospectus;
(ii) in the event of the issuance by the SEC of any stop-order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement then in effect or the initiation of any proceeding for that purpose;
(iii) of the happening of any event which makes untrue any statement of a material fact made in the Prospectus or which requires the making of a change in such Prospectus in order to make the statements therein not misleading;
(iv) of any materials comments received from the SEC on, or any rejection by the SEC of, any amendments to any Registration Statement or Prospectus which may from time to time be filed with the SEC;
(v) in the event that it determines to suspend the sale of Shares at any time in response to conditions in the securities markets or otherwise or to suspend the redemption of Shares of any Fund at any time as permitted by the 1940 Act or the rules of the SEC; and
(vi) of the commencement of any litigation or proceedings against the Fund or any of their officers or directors in connection with the issue and sale of any of the Shares.
D. The Fund shall file such reports and other documents as may be required under applicable federal and state laws and regulations, including state blue sky laws, and shall notify the Distributor in writing of the states in which the Shares may be sold and of any changes to such information.
E. The Fund agrees to file from time to time such amendments to its Registration Statement and Prospectus as may be necessary in order that its Registration Statement and Prospectus will not contain any untrue statement of material fact or omit to state any material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading.
F. The Fund shall fully cooperate in the efforts of the Distributor to arrange for the distribution of Shares. In addition, the Fund shall keep the Distributor fully informed of its affairs and shall provide to the Distributor from time to time copies of all information, financial statements, and other papers that the Distributor may reasonably request for use in connection with the distribution of Shares, including, without limitation, certified copies of any financial statements prepared for the Fund by their independent public accountants and such reasonable number of copies of the most current Prospectus, statement of additional information and annual and interim reports to shareholders as the Distributor may request. The Fund shall forward a copy of any SEC filings, including the Registration Statement, to the Distributor within one business day of any such filings. The Fund represents that it will not use or authorize the use of any marketing material unless and until such materials have been approved and authorized for use by the Distributor.
G. The Fund shall provide and cause each other agent or service provider to the Fund, including the Fund’s transfer agent and investment adviser, to provide, to Distributor in a timely and accurate manner all such information (and in such reasonable medium) that the Distributor may reasonably request that may be necessary for the Distributor to perform its duties under this Agreement.
H. The Fund shall not file any amendment to the Registration Statement or Prospectus that amends any provision therein which pertains to Distributor, the distribution of the Shares or the applicable sales loads or public offering price without giving Distributor reasonable advance notice thereof; provided, however, that nothing contained in this Agreement shall in any way limit the Fund’s right to file at any time such amendments to the Registration Statement or Prospectus, of whatever character, as the Fund may deem advisable, such right being in all respects absolute and unconditional.
I. The Fund has adopted reasonably designed policies and procedures pursuant to Title V of the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act, as may be modified from time to time. In this regard, the Fund (and relevant agents) shall have in place and maintain physical, electronic and procedural safeguards reasonably designed to protect the security, confidentiality and integrity of, and to prevent the unauthorized access to or use of, records and information relating to the Fund and the owners of the Shares.
4. Representations, Warranties and Covenants of the Distributor.
A. The Distributor hereby represents and warrants to the Fund, which representations and warranties shall be deemed to be continuing throughout the term of this Agreement, that:
(i) it is duly organized and existing under the laws of the jurisdiction of its organization, with full power to carry on its business as now conducted, to enter into this Agreement and to perform its obligations hereunder;
(ii) this Agreement has been duly authorized, executed and delivered by the Distributor and, when executed and delivered, will constitute a valid and legally binding obligation of the Distributor, enforceable in accordance with its terms, subject to bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium and other laws of general application affecting the rights and remedies of creditors and secured parties;
(iii) it is conducting its business in compliance in all material respects with all applicable laws and regulations, both state and federal, and has obtained all regulatory approvals necessary to carry on its business as now conducted; there is no statute, rule, regulation, order or judgment binding on it and no provision of its charter, operating agreement or any contract binding it or affecting its property which would prohibit its execution or performance of this Agreement; and
(iv) it is registered as a broker-dealer under the 1934 Act and is a member in good standing of FINRA.
B. In connection with all matters relating to this Agreement, the Distributor will comply with the applicable requirements of the 1933 Act, the 1934 Act, the 1940 Act, the regulations of FINRA and all other applicable federal or state laws and regulations to the extent such laws, rules, and regulations relate to Distributor’s role as the principal underwriter of the Fund.
C. The Distributor shall promptly notify the Fund in writing of the commencement of any litigation, investigation, action, suit or proceedings against the Distributor or any of its managers, officers or directors before or by any court or other governmental, regulatory, or self-regulatory authority or other body to which the Distributor or any of its managers, officers, or directors is a party in connection with the issue and sale of any of the Shares or relating to or
that may adversely affect, in a material way, the ability of the Distributor to provide services hereunder.
5. Compensation.
A. In consideration of Distributor’s services in connection with the distribution of Shares of the Fund, Distributor shall receive the compensation set forth in Exhibit A.
B. Except as specified in Section 5A, Distributor shall be entitled to no compensation or reimbursement of expenses for services provided by Distributor pursuant to this Agreement. Distributor may receive compensation from the Fund’s investment adviser related to its services hereunder or for additional services all as may be agreed to between the investment adviser and Distributor.
6. Expenses.
A. The Fund shall bear all costs and expenses in connection with registration of the Shares with the SEC and the applicable states, as well as all costs and expenses in connection with the offering of the Shares and communications with its shareholders, including but not limited to (i) fees and disbursements of its counsel and independent public accountants; (ii) costs and expenses of the preparation, filing, printing and mailing of Registration Statements and Prospectuses and amendments thereto, as well as related marketing material, (iii) costs and expenses of the preparation, printing and mailing of annual and interim reports, proxy materials and other communications to shareholders of the Fund; and (iv) fees required in connection with the offer and sale of Shares in such jurisdictions as shall be selected by the Fund pursuant to Section 3(D) hereof.
B. The Distributor shall bear the expenses of registration or qualification of the Distributor as a dealer or broker under federal or state laws and the expenses of continuing such registration or qualification. The Distributor does not assume responsibility for any expenses not expressly assumed hereunder.
7. Indemnification.
A. The Fund shall indemnify, defend and hold the Distributor, its affiliates and each of their respective members, managers, directors, officers, employees, representatives and any person who controls or previously controlled the Distributor within the meaning of Section 15 of the 1933 Act (collectively, the “Distributor Indemnitees”), free and harmless from and against any and all losses, claims, demands, liabilities, damages and expenses (including the reasonable costs of investigating or defending any alleged losses, claims, demands, liabilities, damages or expenses and any reasonable counsel fees incurred in connection therewith) (collectively, “Losses”) that any Distributor Indemnitee may incur under the 1933 Act, the 1934 Act, the 1940 Act any other statute (including Blue Sky laws) or any rule or regulation thereunder, or under common law or otherwise, arising out of or relating to (i) the Distributor serving as principal underwriter of the Fund pursuant to this Agreement; (ii) the Fund’s breach of any of its
obligations, representations, warranties or covenants contained in this Agreement; (iii) the Fund’s failure to comply with any applicable securities laws or regulations; (iv) any claim that the Registration Statement, Prospectus, shareholder reports, sales literature and advertising materials or other information filed or made public by the Fund (as from time to time amended) include or included an untrue statement of a material fact or omitted to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements therein not misleading under the 1933 Act, or any other statute or the common law; (v) the willful misfeasance, bad faith, or gross negligence of the Fund in the Fund’s performance of its duties under this Agreement or by reason of its reckless disregard of its obligations under this Agreement; or (vi) any violation of any rule of FINRA or of the SEC or any other jurisdiction wherein Shares of the Fund are sold, provided, however, that the Fund’s obligation to indemnify any of the Distributor Indemnitees shall not be deemed to cover any Losses arising out of any untrue statement or alleged untrue statement or omission or alleged omission made in the Registration Statement, Prospectus, annual or interim report, or any such advertising materials or sales literature in reliance upon and in conformity with information relating to the Distributor and furnished to the Fund or its counsel by the Distributor in writing for use is such Registration Statement, Prospectus, shareholder reports, or sales literature and advertising materials. In no event shall anything contained herein be so construed as to protect the Distributor against any liability to the Fund or its shareholders to which the Distributor would otherwise be subject by reason of willful misfeasance, bad faith, or gross negligence in the performance of its duties under this Agreement or by reason of its reckless disregard of its obligations under this Agreement.
The Fund’s agreement to indemnify the Distributor Indemnitees with respect to any action is expressly conditioned upon the Fund being notified in writing of such action or claim of loss brought against any Distributor Indemnitee, within a reasonable time after the summons or other first legal process giving information of the nature of the claim shall have been served upon such Distributor Indemnitee, unless the failure to give notice does not prejudice the Fund. Such notification shall be given by letter or by telegram addressed to the Fund’s President, but the failure so to notify the Fund of any such action shall not relieve the Fund from any liability which the Fund may have to the person against whom such action is brought by reason of any such untrue, or alleged untrue, statement or omission, or alleged omission, otherwise than on account of the Fund’s indemnity agreement contained in this Section 7(A).
B. The Fund shall be entitled to participate at its own expense in the defense or, if it so elects, to assume the defense of any suit brought to enforce any such Losses, but if the Fund elects to assume the defense, such defense shall be conducted by counsel chosen by the Fund and approved by the Distributor, which approval shall not be unreasonably withheld. In the event the Fund elects to assume the defense of any such suit and retain such counsel, the Distributor Indemnitee(s) in such suit shall bear the fees and expenses of any additional counsel retained by them. If the Fund does not elect to assume the defense of any such suit, or in case the Distributor does not, in the exercise of reasonable judgment, approve of counsel chosen by the Fund or, if under prevailing law or legal codes of ethics, the same counsel cannot effectively represent the interests of both the Fund and the Distributor Indemnitee(s), the Fund will reimburse the Distributor Indemnitee(s) in such suit, for the fees and expenses of any counsel retained by Distributor and them. The Fund’s indemnification agreement contained in Sections 7(A) and
7(B) shall remain operative and in full force and effect regardless of any investigation made by or on behalf of the Distributor Indemnitee(s) and shall survive the delivery of any Shares and the termination of this Agreement. This agreement of indemnity will inure exclusively to the Distributor’s benefit, to the benefit of each Distributor Indemnitee.
C. The Fund shall advance attorney’s fees and other expenses incurred by a Distributor Indemnitee in defending any claim, demand, action or suit which is the subject of a claim for indemnification pursuant to this Section 7 to the maximum extent permissible under applicable law.
D. The Distributor shall indemnify, defend and hold the Fund, their affiliates, and each of their respective directors, officers, employees, representatives, and any person who controls or previously controlled the Fund within the meaning of Section 15 of the 1933 Act (collectively, the “Fund Indemnitees”), free and harmless from and against any and all Losses that any Fund Indemnitee may incur under the 1933 Act, the 1934 Act, the 1940 Act, any other statute (including Blue Sky laws) or any rule or regulation thereunder, or under common law or otherwise, arising out of or based upon (i) the Distributor’s breach of any of its obligations, representations, warranties or covenants contained in this Agreement; (ii) the Distributor’s failure to comply with any applicable securities laws or regulations; (iii) any claim that the Registration Statement, Prospectus, sales literature and advertising materials or other information filed or made public by the Fund (as from time to time amended) include or included an untrue statement of a material fact or omitted to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements not misleading, insofar as such statement or omission was made in reliance upon, and in conformity with, information furnished to the Fund by the Distributor in writing for use in such Registration Statement, Prospectus, sales literature and advertising materials or other information filed or made public by the Fund; and (iv) the willful misfeasance, bad faith, or gross negligence of the Distributor in the performance of its duties under this Agreement or by reason of its reckless disregard of its obligations under this Agreement. In no event shall anything contained herein be so construed as to protect the Fund against any liability to the Distributor to which the Fund would otherwise be subject by reason of the Fund’s willful misfeasance, bad faith, or gross negligence in the performance of its duties under this Agreement or by reason of the Fund’s reckless disregard of its obligations under this Agreement.
The Distributor’s agreement to indemnify the Fund Indemnitees is expressly conditioned upon the Distributor’s being notified of any action or claim of loss brought against a Fund Indemnitee, such notification to be given by letter or telegram addressed to the Distributor’s President, within a reasonable time after the summons or other first legal process giving information of the nature of the claim shall have been served upon the Fund Indemnitee, unless the failure to give notice does not prejudice the Distributor. The failure so to notify the Distributor of any such action shall not relieve the Distributor from any liability which the Distributor may have to the person against whom such action is brought by reason of any such untrue, or alleged untrue, statement or omission, otherwise than on account of the Distributor’s indemnity agreement contained in this Section 7(D).
E. The Distributor shall be entitled to participate at its own expense in the defense or, if it so elects, to assume the defense of any suit brought to enforce any such Losses, but if the Distributor elects to assume the defense, such defense shall be conducted by counsel chosen by the Distributor and approved by the Fund Indemnitee, which approval shall not be unreasonably withheld. In the event the Distributor elects to assume the defense of any such suit and retain such counsel, the Fund Indemnitee(s) in such suit shall bear the fees and expenses of any additional counsel retained by them. If the Distributor does not elect to assume the defense of any such suit, or in case the Fund does not, in the exercise of reasonable judgment, approve of counsel chosen by the Distributor or, if under prevailing law or legal codes of ethics, the same counsel cannot effectively represent the interests of both the Distributor and the Fund Indemnitee(s), the Distributor will reimburse the Fund Indemnitee(s) in such suit, for the fees and expenses of any counsel retained by the Fund and them. The Distributor’s indemnification agreement contained in Sections 7(D) and (E) shall remain operative and in full force and effect regardless of any investigation made by or on behalf of the Fund Indemnitee(s), and shall survive the delivery of any Shares and the termination of this Agreement. This Agreement of indemnity will inure exclusively to the Fund’s benefit, to the benefit of each Fund Indemnitee.
F. No person shall be obligated to provide indemnification under this Section 7 if such indemnification would be impermissible under the 1940 Act, the 1933 Act, the 1934 Act or the rules of the FINRA; provided, however, in such event indemnification shall be provided under this Section 7 to the maximum extent so permissible.
8. Dealer Agreement Indemnification.
A. Both parties acknowledge and agree that certain large and significant broker-dealers, such as (without limitation) Merrill Lynch, UBS and Morgan Stanley (all such brokers referred to herein as the “Brokers”), require that Distributor enter into dealer agreements (the “Non-Standard Dealer Agreements”) that contain certain representations, undertakings and indemnification that are not included in the Standard Dealer Agreement.
B. To the extent that Distributor enters into any Non-Standard Dealer Agreement, after review and approval by the Fund, the Fund shall indemnify, defend and hold the Distributor Indemnitees free and harmless from and against any and all Losses that any Distributor Indemnitee may incur arising out of or relating to (a) Distributor’s actions or failures to act pursuant to any Non-Standard Dealer Agreement; (b) any representations made by Distributor in any Non-Standard Dealer Agreement to the extent that Distributor is not required to make such representations in the Standard Dealer Agreement; or (c) any indemnification provided by Distributor under a Non-Standard Dealer Agreement to the extent that such indemnification is beyond the indemnification Distributor provides to intermediaries in the Standard Dealer Agreement. In no event shall anything contained herein be so construed as to protect the Distributor Indemnitees against any liability to any Broker, the Fund or its shareholders to which the Distributor Indemnitees would otherwise be subject by reason of willful misfeasance, bad faith, or gross negligence in the performance of Distributor’s obligations or duties under the Non-Standard Dealer Agreement or by reason of Distributor’s reckless disregard of its obligations or duties under the Non-Standard Dealer Agreement.
9. Limitations on Damages. Neither Party shall be liable for any consequential, special or indirect losses or damages suffered by the other Party, whether or not the likelihood of such losses or damages was known by the Party.
10. Force Majeure. Neither Party shall be liable for losses, delays, failure, errors, interruption or loss of data occurring directly or indirectly by reason of circumstances beyond its reasonable control, including, without limitation, Acts of Nature (including fire, flood, earthquake, storm, hurricane or other natural disaster); action or inaction of civil or military authority; acts of foreign enemies; war; terrorism; riot; insurrection; sabotage; epidemics; labor disputes; civil commotion; or interruption, loss or malfunction of utilities, transportation, computer or communications capabilities; provided, however, that in each specific case such circumstance shall be beyond the reasonable control of the Party seeking to apply this force majeure clause.
11. Duration and Termination.
A. This Agreement shall become effective on the Effective Date. Unless sooner terminated as provided herein, this Agreement shall continue in effect for two years from the date hereof. Thereafter, if not terminated, this Agreement shall continue automatically in effect for successive one-year periods, provided such continuance is specifically approved at least annually by (i) the Board, including a majority of the Independent Trustees, or (ii) the vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of a Fund, in accordance with Section 15 of the 1940 Act.
B. Notwithstanding the foregoing, this Agreement may be terminated, without the payment of any penalty, (i) by the Fund through a failure of the Board to approve this Agreement at the end of a term or (ii) upon mutual consent of the parties. Further, this Agreement may be terminated upon no less than 60 days’ written notice, by either the Fund through a vote of a majority of the Independent Trustees or by vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of a Fund, or by the Distributor.
C. This Agreement will automatically terminate in the event of its “assignment” as such term is defined in the 1940 Act and the rules thereunder.
12. Anti-Money Laundering Compliance.
A. Each of Distributor and the Fund acknowledge that it is a financial institution subject to the USA PATRIOT Act of 2001 and the Bank Secrecy Act (collectively, the “AML Acts”), which require, among other things, that financial institutions adopt compliance programs to guard against money laundering. Each Party represents and warrants to the other that it is in compliance with and will continue to comply with the AML Acts and applicable regulations in all relevant respects.
B. The Distributor shall use commercially reasonable efforts to include specific contractual provisions regarding the AML Acts compliance obligations in agreements entered
into by the Distributor with any broker-dealer or other financial intermediary that is authorized to effect transactions in Shares of the Fund.
C. Each of Distributor and the Fund agrees that it will take such further steps, and cooperate with the other as may be reasonably necessary, to facilitate compliance with the AML Acts, including but not limited to the provision of copies of its written procedures, policies and controls related thereto (“AML Operations”). Distributor undertakes that it will grant to the Fund, the Fund’s anti-money laundering compliance officer and appropriate regulatory agencies, reasonable access to copies of Distributor’s AML Operations, and related books and records to the extent they pertain to the Distributor’s services hereunder. It is expressly understood and agreed that the Fund and the Fund’s compliance officer shall have no access to any of Distributor’s AML Operations, books or records pertaining to other clients or services of Distributor.
13. Privacy. In accordance with the SEC’s Regulation S-P (“Regulation S-P”), the Distributor will not disclose any non-public personal information, as defined in Regulation S-P, received from the Fund regarding any Fund shareholder; provided, however, that the Distributor may disclose such information to any party as necessary in the ordinary course of business to carry out the purposes for which such information was disclosed to the Distributor. The Distributor shall have in place and maintain physical, electronic and procedural safeguards reasonably designed to protect the security, confidentiality and integrity of, and to prevent unauthorized access to or use of, records and information relating to consumers and customers of the Fund, which shall be at least as protective as the safeguards that the Distributor uses to protect its own information.
The Fund represents to the Distributor that it has adopted a Statement of its privacy policies and practices as required by Regulation S-P and agrees to provide to the Distributor a copy of that statement annually. The Distributor agrees to use commercially reasonable precautions to protect, and prevent the unintentional disclosure of, such non-public personal information.
14. Confidentiality. During the term of this Agreement, the Distributor and the Fund may have access to the other Party’s proprietary and/or confidential information, which shall include, without limitation, information relating to such matters as either Party’s business, trade secrets, systems, procedures, manuals, products, contracts, personnel, and clients. As used in this Agreement, “Confidential Information” means non-public or proprietary information belonging to the Distributor or the Fund which is of value to such Party and/or the disclosure of which could result in a competitive or other disadvantage to either Party, including, without limitation, financial information, business practices and policies, know-how, trade secrets, market or sales information or plans, customer lists, business plans, and all provisions of this Agreement. Confidential Information does not include: (i) information that was known to the receiving Party before receipt thereof from or on behalf of the Disclosing Party; (ii) information that is disclosed to the Receiving Party by a third person who has a right to make such disclosure without any obligation of confidentiality to the Party seeking to enforce its rights under this Section; (iii) information that is or becomes generally known in the trade without violation of this Agreement
by the Receiving Party; or (iv) information that is independently developed by the Receiving Party or its employees or affiliates without reference to the Disclosing Party’s information.
Each Party agrees that it will: (i) protect the other Party’s Confidential Information with a commercially reasonable degree of care and at least the same degree of care it uses with respect to its own Confidential Information, (ii) not use the other Party’s Confidential Information other than in connection with its obligations hereunder; and (iii) hold all of the other Party’s Confidential Information in the strictest confidence and will not to distribute, disclose, or disseminate Confidential Information to anyone, except for its officers, employees, and agents (collectively, “Representatives”) who are advised on the confidentiality protections contained in this Agreement. Each Party shall be responsible for any breach of this Agreement by any of its Representatives to the same extent that the Party is responsible for its own breach, and each Party agrees to take commercially reasonable measures to restrain its Representatives from prohibited or unauthorized disclosure or use of the other Party’s Confidential Information. Notwithstanding the foregoing, a Party may disclose the other’s Confidential Information if (i) required by law, regulation or legal process or if requested by any regulatory or self-regulatory agency having competent jurisdiction over the Party; (ii) it is advised by counsel that it may incur liability for failure to make such disclosure; (iii) requested to by the other Party; provided that in the event of (i) or (ii) the disclosing Party shall give the other Party reasonable prior written notice of such disclosure to the extent reasonably practicable and cooperate with the other Party (at such other Party’s expense) in any efforts to prevent such disclosure.
To the extent permitted by applicable law, upon termination of this Agreement, all or any requested portion of its Confidential Information will be promptly returned to it or destroyed, and no copy shall be retained. In addition, at such Party’s request, the other Party will provide written confirmation that such Confidential Information has been returned or destroyed. It is understood that: (i) information in an intangible or electronic format containing Confidential Information cannot be removed, erased or otherwise deleted from archival systems (also known as “computer or system back-ups”), and (ii) a Party may retain one copy of any Confidential Information to the extent necessary to comply with applicable law or the rules of any governmental agency or self-regulatory organization to which it is subject and/or in accordance with its established internal compliance or document retention policies. However, in the event of (i) and (ii) above, such Confidential Information will continue to be protected under the terms of this Agreement and the other Party shall continue to be bound by the obligations of confidentiality and non-use hereunder.
Each Party agrees to promptly notify the other Party of any unauthorized disclosure or use of the other Party’s Confidential Information and will cooperate to protect all proprietary rights in any Confidential Information.
Each Party hereby acknowledges and agrees that money damages would not be a sufficient remedy for any breach of this Agreement and that the other Party shall be entitled to seek injunctive or other equitable relief to remedy any such breach or threatened breach by the Party. Such remedy shall not be deemed to be the exclusive remedy for any breach of this Agreement but shall be in addition to all other rights and remedies available at law or in equity.
15. Notices.
Any notice or other communication authorized or required by this Agreement to be given to either Party shall be in writing and deemed to have been given when delivered in person or by confirmed facsimile, electronic mail, or posted by certified mail, return receipt requested, to the following address (or such other address as a Party may specify by written notice to the other):
| | | | | |
(i) To Distributor: | (ii) To the Fund: |
Foreside Financial Services, LLC Attn: Legal Department Three Canal Plaza, Suite 100 Portland, ME 04101 Telephone: (207) 553-7110 Email: legal@foreside.com | Diamond Hill Securitized Credit Fund Attn: Mutual Fund Operations 325 John H. McConnell Blvd., Suite 200 Columbus, OH 43215 Telephone: 614-255-3333 Email: mutualfundoperations@diamond-hill.com |
16. Modifications. The terms of this Agreement shall not be waived, altered, modified, amended or supplemented in any manner whatsoever except by a written instrument signed by the Distributor and the Fund. If required under the 1940 Act, any such amendment must be approved by the Fund’s Board, including a majority of the Board, including a majority of the Fund’s Independent Trustees, by vote cast in person at a meeting for the purpose of voting on such amendment.
17. Governing Law. This Agreement shall be construed in accordance with the laws of the State of Delaware, without regard to the conflicts of law principles thereof.
18. Entire Agreement. This Agreement constitutes the entire agreement between the Parties hereto and supersedes all prior communications, understandings and agreements relating to the subject matter hereof, whether oral or written.
19. Survival. The provisions of Sections 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 13, 14, 17, and 19 of this Agreement shall survive any termination of this Agreement.
20. Miscellaneous. The captions in this Agreement are included for convenience of reference only and in no way define or delimit any of the provisions hereof or otherwise affect their construction or effect. Any provision of this Agreement which may be determined by competent authority to be prohibited or unenforceable in any jurisdiction shall, as to such jurisdiction, be ineffective to the extent of such prohibition or unenforceability without invalidating the remaining provisions hereof, and any such prohibition or unenforceability in any jurisdiction shall not invalidate or render unenforceable such provision in any other jurisdiction. This Agreement shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of the parties hereto and their respective successors. This Agreement shall be construed as if drafted jointly by both the Distributor and the Fund and no presumptions shall arise in favor of any Party by virtue of authorship of any provision of this Agreement. This Agreement has been negotiated and
executed by the parties in English. In the event any translation of this Agreement is prepared for convenience or any other purpose, the provisions of the English version shall prevail.
21. Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed by the Parties hereto in any number of counterparts, and all of the counterparts taken together shall be deemed to constitute one and the same document.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Agreement to be executed by a duly authorized officer on one or more counterparts as of the date first above written.
Diamond Hill Securitized Credit Fund
By: /s/Jo Ann Quinif
Name: Jo Ann Quinif
Title: President
Foreside Financial Services, LLC
By: /s/Teresa Cowan
Name: Teresa Cowan
Title: President
EXHIBIT A
Compensation
SALES LOADS (Class A Shares):
Any and all upfront commissions on sales of Shares notified by a Fund in writing to the Distributor in respect of a particular Financial Intermediary up to the maximum such upfront commission rate set forth in the Registration Statement, including the Prospectus, filed with the SEC and in effect at the time of sale of such Shares.
Such commissions shall not exceed the amount set forth in the Registration Statement and shall be paid by the Distributor to the applicable Financial Intermediaries as set forth in the Registration Statement and only after, for so long as and to the extent that the Distributor has received such sales loads from the applicable Fund.
DISTRIBUTION FEE (Class A Shares):
The Fund will pay the Distributor an ongoing quarterly fee at an annualized rate set forth in the Registration Statement and such fee shall be paid by the Distributor to the applicable Financial Intermediaries as set forth in the Registration Statement and only after, for so long as and to the extent that the Distributor has received such fee from the Fund.
FORESIDE FINANCIAL SERVICES, LLC
DEALER AGREEMENT
DIAMOND HILL SECURITIZED CREDIT FUND
This agreement is made and effective as of this _____ day of _________________, 20__, by and between Foreside Financial Services, LLC (“Distributor”) and [DEALER NAME] (“Dealer” and, together with Distributor, the “Parties”);
WHEREAS, Diamond Hill Securitized Credit Fund (the “Company”) is registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940 (“1940 Act”), as a closed-end management investment company and is authorized to issue shares of beneficial interest (“Shares”) (each, a “Fund”), as amended by Distributor from time to time;
WHEREAS, Distributor serves as principal underwriter in connection with the offering and sale of the Shares pursuant to a distribution agreement (“Distribution Agreement”); and
WHEREAS, Dealer desires to serve as a selected dealer of the Funds;
NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the promises and the mutual covenants contained herein, and other good and valuable consideration, the receipt of which is hereby acknowledged, the Parties, intending to be legally bound, do hereby agree as follows:
1. Dealer. Dealer represents that it is a broker-dealer properly registered and qualified under all applicable federal, state and local laws to engage in the business and transactions described in this agreement and is a member in good standing of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (“FINRA”) and the Securities Investor Protection Corporation (“SIPC”). Dealer agrees that it is responsible for determining the suitability of any Shares as investments for its customers and that Distributor has no responsibility for such determination. Dealer shall maintain all records required by Applicable Laws (as defined below) or that are otherwise reasonably requested by Distributor relating to Dealer’s transactions in Shares. In addition, Dealer shall notify Distributor immediately in the event Dealer’s status as a member of FINRA or SIPC changes. Dealer shall at all times comply with (i) the provisions of this agreement related to compliance with all applicable rules and regulations and (ii) the terms of each registration statement and prospectus for the Funds.
2. Qualification of Shares. The Fund will make available to Dealer a list of the states or other jurisdictions in which Shares are registered for sale or are otherwise qualified for sale, which may be revised by the Fund from time to time. Dealer will make offers of Shares to its customers only in those states and will ensure that it (including its associated persons) is appropriately licensed and qualified to offer and sell Shares in any state or other jurisdiction that requires such licensing or qualification in connection with its activities.
3. Orders. All orders Dealer submits for transactions in Shares shall reflect orders received from its customers or shall be for its account for its own bona fide investment. Dealer will date and timestamp its customer orders and forward them promptly each day and in any event prior to the time required by the applicable Fund prospectus (the “Prospectus,” which for purposes of this agreement includes the Statement of Additional Information incorporated therein). As agent for its customers, Dealer shall not withhold placing customers’ orders for any Shares so as to profit Dealer or its customers as a result of
such withholding. Subject to the terms and conditions set forth in the Prospectus and any operating procedures and policies established by Distributor or the Fund (directly or through its transfer agent) from time to time, Dealer is hereby authorized to place orders directly with the Fund for the purchase of Shares. All purchase orders Dealer submits are subject to acceptance or rejection, and Distributor reserves the right to suspend or limit the sale of Shares. Dealer is not authorized to make any representations concerning Shares except such representations as are contained in the Prospectus and in such supplemental written information that the Fund or Distributor (acting on behalf of the Fund) may provide to Dealer with respect to a Fund. All orders that are accepted for the purchase of Shares shall be executed at net asset value (“NAV”) per share on the relevant subscription date, as described in the Prospectus.
4. Compliance with Applicable Laws; Distribution of Prospectus and Reports; Confirmations. In connection with its respective activities hereunder, each Party shall abide by the Conduct Rules of FINRA and all other rules of self-regulatory organizations of which it is a member, as well as all laws, rules and regulations, including federal and state securities laws, that are applicable to it (and its associated persons) from time to time in connection with its activities hereunder (“Applicable Laws”). Dealer is authorized to distribute to Dealer’s customers the current Prospectus, as well as any supplemental sales material received from the Fund or Distributor (acting on behalf of the Fund) (on the terms and for the period specified by Distributor or stated in such material). Dealer is not authorized to distribute, furnish or display any other sales or promotional material relating to a Fund without Distributor’s prior written approval, but Dealer may identify the Funds in a listing of closed-end funds available through Dealer to its customers. Unless otherwise mutually agreed in writing, Dealer shall deliver or cause to be delivered to each customer who purchases Shares from or through Dealer, copies of all annual and interim reports, proxy solicitation materials, and any other information and materials relating to such Funds and prepared by or on behalf of the Funds or Distributor. If required by Rule 10b-10 under the Securities Exchange Act or other Applicable Laws, Dealer shall send or cause to be sent confirmations or other reports to its customers containing such information as may be required by Applicable Laws.
5. Sales Charges and Concessions. On each purchase of Shares by Dealer (but not including the reinvestment of any dividends or distributions), Dealer shall be entitled to receive such dealer allowances, concessions, sales charges or other compensation, if any, as may be set forth in the Prospectus. The Fund reserves the right to waive sales charges. Dealer represents that it is eligible to receive any such sales charges and concessions paid to it under this section.
6. Transactions in Shares. With respect to all orders Dealer places for the purchase of Shares, unless otherwise agreed, settlement shall be made with the Company within three (3) business days after acceptance of the order. If payment is not so received or made, the transaction may be cancelled. In this event or in the event that Dealer cancels the trade for any reason, Dealer shall be responsible for any loss resulting to the Funds or to Distributor from Dealer’s failure to make payments as aforesaid. Dealer shall not be entitled to any gains generated thereby. Dealer also assumes responsibility for any loss to a Fund caused by any order placed by Dealer on an “as-of” basis subsequent to the trade date for the order and will immediately pay such loss to the Fund upon notification or demand. Such orders shall be acceptable only as permitted by the Company and shall be subject to the Company’s policies pertaining thereto, which may include receipt of an executed Letter of Indemnity in a form acceptable to the Fund and/or to Distributor prior to the Company’s acceptance of any such order.
7. Accuracy of Orders; Customer Signatures. Dealer shall be responsible for the accuracy, timeliness and completeness of any orders transmitted by it on behalf of its customers by any means, including wire or telephone. In addition, Dealer shall guarantee the signatures of its customers when such guarantee is required by the Company, and Dealer shall indemnify and hold harmless all persons, including Distributor and the Funds’ transfer agent, from and against any and all loss, cost, damage or expense suffered or incurred in reliance upon such signature guarantee.
8. Indemnification. Dealer shall indemnify and hold harmless Distributor and Distributor’s officers, directors, agents and employees from and against any claims, liabilities, expenses (including reasonable attorneys’ fees) and losses (collectively, the “Losses”) resulting from any breach by Dealer of any provision of this agreement.
Distributor shall indemnify and hold harmless Dealer and Dealer’s officers, directors, agents and employees from and against any Losses resulting from (i) any breach by Distributor of any provision of this agreement or (ii) any untrue statement of a material fact set forth in a Fund’s Prospectus or supplemental sales material provided to Dealer by Distributor (and used by Dealer on the terms and for the period specified by Distributor or stated in such material), or omission to state a material fact required to be stated therein to make the statements therein not misleading.
9. Anti-Money Laundering Compliance. Each Party acknowledges that it is a financial institution subject to the USA PATRIOT Act of 2001 and the Bank Secrecy Act (collectively, the “AML Acts”), which require, among other things, that financial institutions adopt compliance programs to guard against money laundering. Each Party represents and warrants that it is in compliance with and will continue to comply with the AML Acts and applicable rules thereunder (“AML Laws”), including FINRA Rule 3310, in all relevant respects. Dealer shall cooperate with Distributor to satisfy AML due diligence policies of the Company and Distributor, which may include annual compliance certifications and periodic due diligence reviews and/or other requests deemed necessary or appropriate by Distributor or the Company to ensure compliance with AML Laws. Dealer also shall provide for screening its own new and existing customers against the Office of Foreign Assets Control list and any other government list that is or becomes required under the AML Acts.
10. Privacy. The Parties agree that any Non-Public Personal Information, as the term is defined in Regulation S-P (“Reg S-P”) of the Securities and Exchange Commission, that may be disclosed hereunder is disclosed for the specific purpose of permitting the other Party to perform the services set forth in this agreement. Each Party will, with respect to such information, comply with Reg S-P and will not disclose any Non-Public Personal Information received in connection with this agreement to any other party, except to the extent required to carry out the services set forth in this agreement or as otherwise permitted by law.
11. Distribution and/or Service Fees. Subject to and in accordance with the terms of each Prospectus and the Distribution Plan and/or Service Plan, if any, adopted by resolution of the Funds’ board (the “Board”) which operates in a manner consistent with Rule 12b-1 under the 1940 Act, Distributor may pay financial institutions with which Distributor has entered into an agreement in substantially the form annexed hereto as Appendix A, or such other form as may be approved from time to time by the Board, such fees as may be determined in accordance with such fee agreement, for distribution, shareholder or administrative services, as described therein. With respect to such payments to Dealer, Distributor shall have only the obligation to make payments to Dealer after, for as long as, and to
the extent that Distributor receives from the Fund an amount equivalent to the amount payable to Dealer. If applicable, Dealer hereby authorizes Distributor to pay Dealer’s designated clearing agent (“Clearing Agent”) such fees set forth under this section on Dealer’s behalf. In such case, Dealer acknowledges and agrees that after Distributor has made payment of such fees to Dealer’s Clearing Agent on Dealer’s behalf: (i) Dealer’s Clearing Agent is solely responsible and liable for direct payment of such fees to Dealer, and Distributor will not pay Dealer directly, (ii) Distributor cannot guarantee payment by Dealer’s Clearing Agent of such fees to Dealer, and (iii) should Dealer not receive payment of such fees from Dealer’s Clearing Agent for any reason, Dealer’s sole recourse is against Dealer’s Clearing Agent.
12. Shareholder Servicing Fee. Subject to and in accordance with the terms of each Prospectus, the Fund has adopted a Shareholder Servicing Plan by which Authorized Service Providers may receive a fee for providing certain services to their customers who own Shares. If applicable, Dealer agrees to enter into a separate Shareholder Services Agreement with the Fund.
13. Amendments. This agreement may be amended from time to time by the following procedure. Distributor will mail a copy of the amendment to Dealer at Dealer’s address shown below or as registered as Dealer’s main office from time to time with FINRA. If Dealer does not object to the amendment within fifteen (15) days after its receipt, the amendment will become a part of this agreement. Dealer’s objection must be in writing and be received by Distributor within such fifteen (15) days. All amendments shall be in writing and, except as provided above, executed by both Parties.
14. Termination. This agreement may be terminated by either Party, without penalty, upon ten (10) days’ prior written notice to the other Party. Dealer’s suspension or expulsion from FINRA will automatically terminate this agreement without notice. Any unfulfilled obligations hereunder, and all obligations of indemnification, shall survive the termination of this agreement.
15. Assignment. This agreement shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of the Parties and their respective successors and permitted assigns. No Party may assign this agreement nor any rights, privileges, duties or obligations hereunder without the prior written consent of the other Party, except that Distributor may assign or transfer this agreement to any broker-dealer which becomes the underwriter of the Company without obtaining Dealer’s written consent. For the avoidance of doubt, the Parties agree that a change of control of the Distributor shall not constitute an assignment of this agreement.
16. Notices. All notices and other communications to Distributor shall be sent to it at Three Canal Plaza, Suite 100, Portland, ME 04101, Attn: Legal Department, or at such other address as Distributor may designate in writing. All notices and other communications to Dealer shall be sent to it at the address set forth below or at such other address as Dealer may designate in writing. All notices required or permitted to be given pursuant to this agreement shall be given in writing and delivered by personal delivery, by postage prepaid mail, electronic mail, or by facsimile or similar means of same-day delivery.
17. Authorization. Each Party represents to the other that (i) all requisite corporate proceedings have been undertaken to authorize it to enter into and perform under this agreement as contemplated herein and (ii) the individual that has signed this agreement below on its behalf is a duly elected officer that has been empowered to act for and on behalf of it with respect to the execution of this agreement.
18. Directed Brokerage Prohibitions. Neither Party shall direct Fund portfolio securities transactions or related remuneration to compensate Dealer for any promotion or sale of Shares under this
agreement. Distributor also will not directly or indirectly compensate Dealer in contravention of Rule 12b-1(h) of the 1940 Act.
19. Arbitration. Any controversy or claim arising out of or relating to this agreement, or any breach thereof, shall be settled by arbitration in accordance with the then existing FINRA Code of Arbitration Procedure. Any arbitration shall be conducted in New York, New York, and each arbitrator shall be from the securities industry. Judgment upon the award rendered by the arbitrators may be entered in any court having jurisdiction thereof.
20. Miscellaneous. This agreement supersedes any other agreement between the Parties with respect to the offer and sale of Shares and other matters covered herein. The invalidity or unenforceability of any term or provision hereof shall not affect the validity or enforceability of any other term or provision hereof. This agreement may be executed in any number of counterparts, which together shall constitute one instrument. This agreement shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of Delaware without regard to conflict of laws principles and shall bind and inure to the benefit of the Parties and their respective successors and assigns. This agreement has been negotiated and executed by the Parties in English. In the event any translation of this agreement is prepared for convenience or any other purpose, the provisions of the English version shall prevail.
[Signature Page Follows]
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Parties have caused this agreement to be executed by a duly authorized officer on one or more counterparts as of the date first written above.
FORESIDE FINANCIAL SERVICES, LLC
By:
Name:
Title:
[DEALER NAME]
By:
Name:
Title:
Address of Dealer:
Operations Contact:
Name: _________________________________
Phone: _________________________________
Email: _________________________________
APPENDIX A
FORESIDE FINANCIAL SERVICES, LLC
DISTRIBUTION/SERVICE FEE AGREEMENT
DIAMOND HILL SECURITIZED CREDIT FUND
This fee agreement (“Agreement”) is made and effective as of this _____ day of _________________ 20__, by and between Foreside Financial Services, LLC (“Distributor”) and [DEALER NAME] (“Dealer” and, together with Distributor, the “Parties”);
WHEREAS, Distributor and Dealer have entered into a dealer agreement dated as of ____________ (“Dealer Agreement”), which entitles Dealer to serve as a selected dealer of certain Funds of the Diamond Hill Securitized Credit Fund for which Distributor serves as distributor; and
WHEREAS, Distributor and Dealer wish to confirm Distributor’s and Dealer’s understanding and agreement with respect to payments to be made to Dealer in accordance with the Dealer Agreement;
NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the promises and the mutual covenants contained herein, and other good and valuable consideration, the receipt of which is hereby acknowledged, the Parties, intending to be legally bound, do hereby agree as follows:
1. This Agreement confirms Distributor’s and Dealer’s understanding and agreement with respect to payments to be made to Dealer in accordance with the Dealer Agreement. Capitalized terms used but not defined herein shall have the respective meanings set forth in the Dealer Agreement.
2. From time to time during the term of this Agreement, Distributor may make payments to Dealer pursuant to one or more distribution and service plans (the “Plans”) adopted by certain of the Funds which operate(s) in a manner consistent with Rule 12b-1 of the 1940 Act. Dealer shall furnish sales and marketing services and/or shareholder services to Dealer’s customers who invest in and own Shares, including, but not limited to, answering routine inquiries regarding the Funds, processing shareholder transactions, and providing any other shareholder services not otherwise provided by a Fund’s transfer agent. With respect to such payments to Dealer, Distributor shall have only the obligation to make payments to Dealer after, for as long as, and to the extent that Distributor receives from the Fund an amount equivalent to the amount payable to Dealer. The Fund reserves the right, without prior notice, to suspend or eliminate the payment of such Plan payments or other dealer compensation by amendment, sticker or supplement to the then-current Prospectus of the Fund or other written notice to Dealer. If applicable, Dealer hereby authorizes Distributor to pay Dealer’s Clearing Agent such fees set forth under this section on Dealer’s behalf. In such case, Dealer acknowledges and agrees that after Distributor has made payment of such fees to Dealer’s Clearing Agent on Dealer’s behalf: (i) Dealer’s Clearing Agent is solely responsible and liable for direct payment of such fees to Dealer, and Distributor will not pay Dealer directly, (ii) Distributor cannot guarantee payment by Dealer’s Clearing Agent of such fees to Dealer, and (iii) should Dealer not receive payment of such fees from Dealer’s Clearing Agent for any reason, Dealer’s sole recourse is against Dealer’s Clearing Agent.
3. Any such fee payments shall reflect the amounts described in the Fund’s prospectus. Payments will be based on the average daily net assets of Shares which are owned by those customers of Dealer whose
records, as maintained by the Funds or the transfer agent, designate Dealer’s firm as the customer’s dealer of record. No such fee payments will be payable to Dealer with respect to Shares purchased by or through Dealer and redeemed by the Funds within seven (7) business days after the date of confirmation of such purchase. Dealer represents that Dealer is eligible to receive any such payments made to Dealer under the Plans.
4. Dealer agrees that all activities conducted under this Agreement will be conducted in accordance with the Plans, as well as all applicable state and federal laws, including the 1940 Act, the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Securities Act of 1933 and any applicable rules of FINRA.
5. Upon request, on a quarterly basis, Dealer shall furnish Distributor with a written report describing the amounts payable to Dealer pursuant to this Agreement and the purpose for which such amounts were expended. Distributor shall provide quarterly reports to the Board of amounts expended pursuant to the Plans and the purposes for which such expenditures were made. Dealer shall furnish Distributor with such other information as shall reasonably be requested by Distributor in connection with Distributor’s reports to the Board with respect to the fees paid to Dealer pursuant to this Agreement.
6. This Agreement shall continue in effect until terminated in the manner prescribed below or as provided in the Plans. This Agreement may be terminated, with respect to one or more Funds, without penalty, by either Party upon ten (10) days’ prior written notice to the other Party. In addition, this Agreement will be terminated with respect to any Fund upon a termination of the relevant Plan or the Dealer Agreement, if a Fund closes to new investments, or if Distributor’s Distribution Agreement with the Funds terminates.
7. This Agreement may be amended by Distributor from time to time by the following procedure. Distributor will mail a copy of the amendment to Dealer at Dealer’s address shown below or as registered from time to time with FINRA. If Dealer does not object to the amendment within fifteen (15) days after its receipt, the amendment will become a part of this Agreement. Dealer’s objection must be in writing and be received by Distributor within such fifteen (15) days.
8. This Agreement and all the rights and obligations of the Parties shall be governed by and construed under the laws of the State of Delaware, without regard to conflict of laws principles.
9. All notices and other communications shall be given as provided in the Dealer Agreement.
[Signature Page Follows]
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Parties have caused this Agreement to be executed by a duly authorized officer on one or more counterparts as of the date first written above.
FORESIDE FINANCIAL SERVICES, LLC [DEALER NAME]
By: By:
Name: Name:
Title: Title:
[Dealer address]
DIAMOND HILL SECURITIZED CREDIT FUND
Distribution and Servicing Plan
Consistent with Rule 12b-1
WHEREAS, the Diamond Hill Securitized Credit Fund, a Delaware statutory trust (the "Trust"), engages in business as a closed-end investment management company and is registered as such under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, including the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder (the "1940 Act");
WHEREAS, the Trust is authorized to issue an unlimited number of shares of beneficial interest without par value (the "Shares");
WHEREAS, the Trust may be divided into one or more classes ("Class"); and
WHEREAS, the board of trustees of the Trust (the “Board”) desires to adopt this Distribution and Servicing Plan (“Plan”) consistent with Rule 12b-1 under the 1940 Act; and
WHEREAS, the Board as a whole, and the trustees of the Trust (“Trustees”) who are not “interested persons” of the Trust (as defined in the 1940 Act) and who have no direct or indirect financial interest in the operation of this Plan or in any agreement relating hereto (collectively, the "Qualified Trustees"), having determined, in the exercise of reasonable business judgment and in light of their fiduciary duties under state law and under Section 36(a) and (b) of the 1940 Act, that there is a reasonable likelihood that this Plan will benefit the Trust, and if required by the 1940 Act, the shareholders of the Trust have approved this Plan by votes cast in person at a meeting called for the purpose of voting hereon and on any agreements related hereto;
NOW THEREFORE, the Trust hereby adopts this Plan, consistent with Rule12b-1 under the 1940 Act, on the following terms and conditions:
1.Distribution Activities. Subject to the supervision of the Trustees, the Trust may, directly or indirectly, engage in any activities related to the distribution of its shares, which activities may include, but are not limited to, the following: (a) payments, including incentive compensation, to securities dealers or other financial intermediaries, financial institutions, investment advisers and others that are engaged in the sale of Trust shares, or that may be advising shareholders of the Trust regarding the purchase, sale or retention of Trust shares, or that hold Trust shares for shareholders in omnibus accounts or as shareholders of record or provide shareholder support or administrative services to the Trust and its shareholders; (b) payments made to securities dealers or other financial intermediaries, financial institutions, investment advisers and others that render shareholder support services not otherwise provided by the Trust's transfer agent, including, but not limited to, expenses related to processing new account applications, transmitting customer transaction information to the Trust’s transfer
agent, answering routine shareholder inquiries, providing office space, equipment and telephone facilities, and providing such other shareholder services as the Trust may reasonably request; (c) expenses of maintaining personnel (including personnel of organizations with which the Trust has entered into agreements related to this Plan) who engage in or support distribution of Trust shares; (d) costs of preparing, printing and distributing prospectuses and statements of additional information and reports of the Trust for recipients other than existing Trust shareholders; (e) costs of formulating and implementing marketing and promotional activities, including, but not limited to, sales seminars, direct mail promotions and television, radio, newspaper, magazine and other mass media advertising; (f) costs of preparing, printing and distributing sales literature; (g) costs of obtaining such information, analyses and reports with respect to marketing and promotional activities as the Trust may, from time to time, deem advisable; and (h) costs of implementing and operating this Plan. The Trust is authorized to engage in the activities listed above, and in any other activities related to the distribution of its classes of shares described herein, either directly or through other persons with which the Trust or its designee has entered into agreements related to this Plan.
2.Annual Fee.
Class A Shares. The Trust will pay the Trust's principal underwriter ("Principal Underwriter") an annual fee to be used for certain activities relating to the distribution of Class A shares to investors, such as payments to compensate broker-dealers, financial intermediaries and other parties for sales and promotional activities, and for services related to the maintenance of shareholder accounts. The annual fee paid to the Principal Underwriter under this Plan will be calculated daily and paid monthly by the Trust on the first day of each month at an annual rate of up to 0.50% of the average daily net assets of the Class A shares, 0.25% of such fee is a shareholder service fee and the remaining portion is a distribution fee.
Payments under this Plan are not tied exclusively to expenses incurred. To the extent that amounts paid hereunder are not used to specifically compensate broker-dealers, financial intermediaries and other parties for sales, promotional and shareholder servicing activities, such amounts will be retained by the Trust’s distributor as compensation for distribution-related services.
3.Term and Termination.
(a) Unless terminated as herein provided, this Plan shall continue in effect until August 31, 2025, and shall continue in effect for successive one-year periods thereafter, but only so long as each such continuance is specifically approved by votes of a majority of both: (i) the Board, and (ii)
the Qualified Trustees, cast in person at a meeting called for the purpose of voting on such approval.
(b) This Plan may be terminated at any time by the vote of a majority of the Qualified Trustees or by vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities (as defined in the 1940 Act) of the Trust. If this Plan is terminated, the Trust will not be required to make any payments for expenses incurred after the date of termination.
4.Amendments. All material amendments to this Plan must be approved in the manner provided for in Section 3(a) hereof. In addition, this Plan may not be amended to increase materially the amount of expenditures provided for in Section 2 hereof unless such amendment is approved by a vote of the majority of the “outstanding voting securities” as defined in the 1940 Act) of the shares of the Trust (.
5.Selection and Nomination of Trustees and Independent Legal Counsel. While this Plan is in effect: (a) the selection and nomination of Qualified Trustees will be committed to the discretion of the Trustees who are not “interested persons” of the Trust; and (b) any person who acts as legal counsel for the Qualified Trustees will be an independent legal counsel.
6.Quarterly Reports. Any party authorized to direct the disposition of monies paid or payable by the Trust pursuant to this Plan or any agreement entered into pursuant to this Plan shall provide to the Trustees and the Trustees shall review, at least quarterly, a written report of the amounts expended pursuant to this Plan and any related agreement and the purposes for which such expenditures were made.
7.Recordkeeping. The Trust shall preserve copies of this Plan and any related agreement, and all reports made pursuant to Section 6 hereof, for a period of not less than six years from the date of this Plan, the agreements or such reports, as the case may be, the first two years in an easily accessible place.
8.Limitation of Liability. A copy of the Trust’s Declaration of Trust and all amendments thereto are on file with the Secretary of the State of Delaware, as required, and notice is hereby given that this Plan is executed on behalf of the Trustees, as trustees and not individually, and that the obligations of this instrument are not binding upon the Trustees or the shareholders of the Trust individually, but are binding only upon the assets and property of the Trust.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Trust has caused this Plan to be executed as of the date set forth below.
Diamond Hill Securitized Credit Fund
Dated as of: August 21, 2024 /s/Jo Ann Quinif
Jo Ann Quinif, President
CUSTODY AGREEMENT
This Custody Agreement (the “Agreement”) is made as of August 28, 2024 and effective as of August 21, 2024 (the “Effective Date”) between:
(1) Each entity identified on Appendix A, whose jurisdiction of formation is identified opposite its name (the “Client”); and
(2)STATE STREET BANK AND TRUST COMPANY, a bank and trust company organized under the laws of The Commonwealth of Massachusetts, U.S.A. (the “Custodian”).
1Definitions and Interpretation
Defined terms and the general rules of interpretation agreed by the Parties are set forth in Schedule 1.
2Appointment of the Custodian
The Client hereby appoints the Custodian to provide the services set out in Sections 3 through 15 below (the “Services”) subject to and in accordance with the terms of this Agreement.
3Safekeeping Securities
3.1 Holding Securities. The Custodian will hold Securities delivered or credited to its account under this Agreement directly or through accounts at Subcustodians or CSDs. In turn, Subcustodians will hold Securities directly or through accounts at CSDs.
3.2 Client Entitlements and Segregation. The Custodian will take the following steps to reflect the Client’s ownership of Securities and to separately identify the Securities of the Client from the proprietary assets of the Custodian, Subcustodians, and CSDs, in accordance with Local Market Practice:
1.1.1Accounts at the Custodian. Open and maintain on the records of the Custodian one or more securities accounts in the name of the Client or such other name as the Client may reasonably request (each, a “Securities Account”) and credit Securities to them;
1.1.2Accounts at the Subcustodians or CSDs. Open and maintain securities accounts at the Subcustodians or CSDs in which the Custodian is a direct participant, cause Subcustodians to open and maintain securities accounts at CSDs in which the Subcustodian is a participant, and cause Securities to be credited to the relevant accounts. Such accounts: (i) may be commingled (or omnibus) accounts for Securities of multiple customers of the Custodian (or Subcustodian, in the case of accounts opened by the Subcustodian at a CSD) or, in limited markets, segregated (or separate) accounts for Securities of the Client; and (ii) must not include any proprietary securities of the Custodian, the Subcustodian or the CSD;
1.1.3Physical Securities. Physically segregate bearer Securities from the proprietary assets of the Custodian, and require that the Subcustodians physically segregate bearer Securities from the Subcustodian’s and the Custodian’s proprietary assets;
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1.1.4Registration Names. Register certificated Securities (other than bearer securities) in the name of the Client or in the name of the Custodian, a Subcustodian, a CSD or a nominee of any of them, or otherwise in accordance with Local Market Practice and the Laws and regulations applicable to the Custodian; and
1.1.5Records of Transactions; Reconciliation. Maintain records of the Client’s transactions in the Securities Accounts and reconcile its records of clients’ securities holdings against the records of its Subcustodians and CSDs in which it is a direct participant in accordance with the Custodian’s standard procedures and Local Market Practice. Subcustodians will likewise maintain records of their client’s transactions and reconcile their records of the securities holdings of their clients against the records of the CSDs in which they are a direct participant in accordance with the Subcustodians’ standard procedures and Local Market Practice.
1.1Securities Interchangeable. Securities of the Client (whether held in separate or commingled accounts) are fungible with all other securities of the same issue held in such accounts by the Custodian and its Subcustodians. This means that the Client’s redelivery rights in respect of the Securities are not in respect of the Securities actually deposited with the Custodian or a Subcustodian from time to time, but rather in respect of Securities of the same number, class, denomination and issue as those Securities.
1.2Acceptance of Securities. Except as otherwise agreed in writing with the Client, the Custodian will only accept custody of Securities and other assets that it is operationally equipped and licensed to hold in the relevant market where it provides custodial services either directly or through an existing Subcustodian and may decline to accept custody of certain securities or asset types that it determines present an unacceptable risk profile or that it or its Subcustodians are not operationally equipped or permitted to hold under any Law or regulation.
4Cash
4.1 Cash Accounts. The Custodian will open and maintain in the name of the Client one or more cash deposit accounts (each a “Cash Account”) in such currencies as may be required in connection with the investment activity of the Client.
4.2 Location of Cash Deposits. Cash received for the Client will be deposited with the Custodian, or with a Subcustodian, depending on the currency and/or the market. The Custodian will designate each currency in a particular market as On Book Cash or Off Book Cash. “On Book Cash” means the currency is maintained in a deposit account with, and recorded as a liability on the balance sheet of, the Custodian (through any of its branches) and “Off Book Cash” means the currency is maintained in a deposit account with, and recorded as a liability on the balance sheet of, a Subcustodian (through any of its branches). The Custodian may change the designation of a currency as On Book or Off Book from time to time. Clients will find the designation of currencies as On Book Cash and Off Book Cash, and any changes to such designations, in the Client Publications.
4.3 Cash Records. The Custodian will reflect Cash balances held in all On Book and Off Book Client deposit accounts on its books and records and report the balances to the Client.
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4.4 Banking Relationship. In accepting deposits under this Agreement, the Custodian (for On Book Cash) or the relevant Subcustodian (for Off Book Cash) acts as banker and does not hold the money deposited on trust or segregated from its proprietary assets. Accordingly, the Client is an unsecured creditor of the Custodian (for On Book Cash) or the relevant Subcustodian (for Off Book Cash), subject to such rights as may arise in an Insolvency Event as determined under the Laws of the jurisdiction of the Custodian or relevant Subcustodian. With respect to Off Book Cash, the Custodian is only responsible for returning the actual amount that the Custodian receives from the Subcustodian.
4.5 Interest and Charges. Cash Accounts may be interest bearing or non-interest bearing and may be subject to charges or fees on the deposit balance or on a per account basis. The Custodian or the relevant Subcustodian will determine on a periodic basis:
1.1.1the interest rates, if any, (which may be positive, zero or negative) or equivalent charges or fees paid or charged to the Client from time to time with respect to a Cash Account; and
1.1.2the overdraft rates or equivalent charges or fees and the applicable overdraft thresholds (if any) that will trigger interest charges from time to time for overdrafts,
in each case, acting in their sole discretion, taking into account market conditions and other relevant commercial considerations. Interest and overdraft rates or other account charges or fees will vary by currency. Details on current rates and deposit account charges are available upon request.
4.6 Overdrafts. The Client must maintain sufficient funds in the Cash Accounts to settle all transactions in the applicable currencies in a timely manner. The Custodian or its Subcustodians may, but are not required to, extend credit under this Agreement. The Custodian reserves the right to decline to process any Proper Instruction or settle any transaction that would result in an overdraft of the Cash Account. If an overdraft arises in the Cash Account, the Client agrees to repay the principal amount of the overdraft upon demand by the Custodian or within five Business Days, whichever is earlier, plus any applicable overdraft fees and interest on the principal overdraft.
1Transaction Settlement
1.1Settlement. The Custodian will settle all transactions in accordance with Local Market Practice, which may not always be on a delivery-versus-payment or receipt-versus-payment basis. Except as otherwise provided below regarding Contractual Settlement, the Custodian will credit or debit the appropriate Cash Account on an actual settlement or payment basis.
1.2Contractual Settlement. In order to facilitate transaction settlement, the Custodian may provisionally credit settlement, maturity or redemption proceeds, or income, dividends and other distributions, on a contractual settlement or predetermined income basis (“Contractual Settlement”), for markets, securities and eligible clients as determined and notified by the Custodian in the Client Publications. The Custodian can terminate or suspend Contractual Settlement for markets, securities or particular clients at any time.
1.3Use of Funds. Where Contractual Settlement applies, the Custodian will credit or debit the appropriate Cash Account on the contractual settlement date or payable date for the relevant transaction. This means that (i) the Client will have use of the funds from the date that a sale was contracted to settle or the payable date, which may be earlier than the
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date payment actually occurs and (ii) the Custodian will have use of the funds debited from the Cash Account from the date that a purchase was contracted to settle until the date that settlement actually occurs.
1.4Reversal. The Custodian may reverse any Contractual Settlement credit at any time before actual receipt of the cash payment associated with the credit if the Custodian determines, in its reasonable judgement, that such payment will not be received within 30 days for that transaction or if the Custodian suspends or terminates the provision of Contractual Settlement for those Securities in that market. The Custodian will generally notify the Client two Business Days before any such reversal.
1.5Secured Liability. To the extent that the Custodian has not received the cash payment associated with a credit, the amount credited remains a Secured Liability under this Agreement.
1Corporate Actions
1.1Transmit Information. The Custodian will promptly transmit or make available to the Client all material written information customarily provided by a professional global custodian regarding an applicable Corporate Action, or a brief synopsis of that information, affecting Securities then being held under this Agreement, where (i) that information is received directly from issuers of such Securities or from CSDs or Subcustodians or (ii) that information is publicly available in the relevant market from standard vendors routinely used by professional global custodians provided that the Custodian can verify the accuracy of such information. The Custodian will transmit or make available such Corporate Action data it receives from primary sources (issuers, CSDs and Subcustodians) without further review although it will generally note if such information is single sourced. The Custodian generally will not transmit or make available such Corporate Action data it receives from secondary sources (vendors) unless the accuracy of that information can be verified against at least one additional source.
1.2Exercise. The Custodian will process the Client’s elections with respect to any voluntary Corporate Action at the direction of the Client provided it has actual possession of the relevant Securities and it has received Proper Instructions by the deadline specified in the Custodian’s Corporate Action notification (“Corporate Actions Deadline Date”). The Custodian will use reasonable efforts to effect Proper Instructions received after that deadline but will have no responsibility for any failure to exercise such instructions accurately or timely. In the absence of receiving Proper Instructions by the Corporate Actions Deadline Date, the Custodian may take the default action specified in the corporate action notification. In the event of a mandatory Corporate Action, the Custodian will act without Proper Instructions in accordance with Section 22.10.
1.3Class Actions. The Custodian will transmit written information received by the Custodian regarding any class action litigation to the extent set out in the Client Publications. The Custodian will not support class action participation by the Client beyond such forwarding of written information. In no event will the Custodian act as a lead plaintiff in a class action.
1.4Fractional Positions. Fractional positions resulting from Corporate Actions will be dealt with in accordance with the Client Publications.
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2Proxy Servicing
2.1Transmit Information. The Custodian will forward to the Client all proxies received by the Custodian relating to the Securities then held under this Agreement, for the markets designated in the Client Publications, unless otherwise instructed by the Client. The Custodian will use an agent to assist in the receipt and distribution of proxies and will share the Client’s position and contact information to facilitate such collection and distribution.
2.2Voting. The Custodian provides proxy voting services for the markets designated in the Client Publications. The Custodian will cause eligible proxies to be promptly executed by the registered holder in accordance with Proper Instructions and delivered to the issuer of the Securities or its designated agent. In order for the Custodian to provide the voting services, the Custodian must have received such Proper Instructions, must have actual possession of the relevant Securities, and all requirements set out in the Client Publications must have been met, including where applicable receiving an executed power of attorney, in each case by the deadline specified in the Custodian’s proxy notification.
3Income Collection
3.1Monitoring and Crediting. The Custodian will use reasonable efforts to monitor and collect on a timely basis, in accordance with Local Market Practice, all income and other payments to which the Client is entitled in respect of the Securities held under this Agreement and Securities on loan through the securities lending program sponsored by the Custodian or its Affiliates. The Custodian will credit such amounts to the Cash Account of the Client as received, except where Contractual Settlement applies.
3.2Repatriation of Income. The Client is responsible for directing the repatriation of income into the base currency of the Portfolio or another currency selected by the Client, and may enter into separate arrangements to do so, as set out in Section 13 of this Agreement.
4Statements and Reports
4.1Contents. The Custodian will make available reports to the Client regarding the Portfolio on a periodic basis as selected by the Client from certain online tools made available from time to time by the Custodian or as otherwise agreed with the Client. The reports will include Cash balances, an itemized statement of Securities and Cash and Securities transaction activity. Market values contained in these reports are unaudited and based on the Custodian’s standard pricing vendors and practices. These reports will not include net asset value calculations.
4.2Cash and Securities Not Held. The Custodian may agree to incorporate information in respect of cash or securities not held by the Custodian. In making available such information to the Client, the Custodian will rely upon the information provided by the Client or a third party without any requirement to verify the accuracy of such information. The Custodian will not perform any other Services in relation to such cash or securities.
5Tax Withholding and Tax Relief
5.1Withholding. The Custodian will withhold (or cause to be withheld) the amount of any tax which is required to be withheld by the Custodian or Subcustodian under the Law applicable to the Custodian or Subcustodian based on the Client’s domicile and entity type in respect of any dividend, interest income or other distribution in relation to any
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Security, and/or the proceeds or income from the sale or other transfer of any Security held by the Custodian. If the Client has not provided the requisite information and documentation, the Custodian is obligated to arrange for maximum withholding. In certain markets, the Client will be required to hire a local tax agent to calculate withholding, as set out in the Client Publications.
5.2Tax Relief. The Custodian will apply for a reduction of withholding tax and refund of any tax paid or tax credits in respect of income payments on Securities based on the Client’s entitlement under relevant tax treaties or laws which apply in each market that supports a standard tax reclaim process, in all cases as may be set out from time to time in the Client Publications. The Custodian does not facilitate tax reclaims for tax transparent or pass-through (i.e., multiple-beneficiary) entities such as partnerships, LLCs, common trusts or any other types of entities that are generally ineligible for tax treaty or domestic law tax entitlements, even where the partners or beneficial holders of such entities may be eligible.
5.3Documentation. In order for the Custodian to perform the services in this Section 10, the Client will provide the Custodian such information and documentation as may be required from time to time by the Custodian for tax purposes, including documentary evidence of its tax domicile, and its entity type and details of any special ruling or treatment to which the Client may be entitled in relation to countries where the Client engages or proposes to engage in investment activity or where Securities are or will be held. The Client is responsible for ensuring the documentation and information provided is true and accurate in all material respects and will promptly provide the Custodian with all necessary corrections or updates upon becoming aware of any changes or inaccuracies in the documentation or information supplied. The provision of documentation and information under this Section 10.3 will be taken to be a Proper Instruction upon which the Custodian will be entitled to rely for all purposes under this Section 10, including calculating withholding and determining available tax relief, without the need to undertake any further inquiries or verification.
5.4Client Responsible for Taxes. The Client will be liable for all taxes, levies or similar obligations which arise as a result of the Client’s investment activity, including in relation to any Cash or Securities held by the Custodian on behalf of the Client, or any related transactions. If any taxes become payable in relation to any prior payment made to the Client by the Custodian, the Custodian may withhold any credit balance in the Client’s Cash Accounts to the extent necessary to satisfy such tax obligation. The Client will also remain liable for any tax deficiency.
5.5No Tax Advice. The Client acknowledges that the Custodian is not, and will not be deemed to be, providing tax advice or tax counsel.
6Physical Safekeeping of Investment Documents
6.1Document Safekeeping. The Custodian may agree to provide physical safekeeping for Investment Documents delivered to it and will return such Investment Documents to the Client upon receipt of Proper Instructions, subject to additional documentation and other requirements as the Custodian may specify from time to time.
6.2No Other Services. The Custodian will not otherwise perform any other Services in relation to such Investment Documents.
7Alternative Asset Servicing
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7.1Alternative Assets. The Custodian may agree to reflect the Client’s Alternative Assets on its books, records or statements. Unless otherwise agreed in writing, the Custodian will not perform any other services or assume any obligations in relation to Alternative Assets. The Custodian may, in limited cases, agree to register the Client’s interests in Alternative Assets in the name of the Custodian, subject to additional documentation and other requirements as the Custodian may specify from time to time.
8Foreign Exchange
8.1Role of Custodian. The role of the Custodian with respect to foreign exchange transactions is limited to facilitating the processing and settlement of such transactions. The Custodian does not have any agency, trust or fiduciary obligation to the Client or any other person in connection with the execution of any foreign exchange transactions, other than the obligation as agent to process the Proper Instructions given by the Client.
8.2Role of Counterparties. If the Client enters into any foreign exchange transaction with State Street Bank and Trust Company, a Subcustodian or any of their Affiliates, the Client does so on the basis that these entities are acting as a principal dealer and counterparty, and not as fiduciary or agent to the Client, and the execution services are governed by separate arrangements (including pricing) and do not form part of the Services provided by the Custodian under this Agreement. This applies to foreign exchange transactions entered into by the Client directly with the trading desk of these entities or by Proper Instruction to the Custodian using the indirect foreign exchange services described in the Client Publications.
9Subcustodians
9.1Use of Subcustodians. The Custodian is authorized to utilize Subcustodians in connection with its performance of the Services, and will notify the Client of the Subcustodians so employed from time to time through the Client Publications.
9.2Selection and Monitoring. The Custodian will use reasonable skill, care and diligence in the selection, monitoring and continued utilization of Subcustodians by taking the following actions: (i) annually assess the financial condition of each Subcustodian by reviewing their publicly available financial information, (ii) on a daily basis monitoring the performance by each Subcustodian’ of its duties relative to the Services, and (iii) confirming on an annual basis that each Subcustodian is licensed to act as a subcustodian in its relevant market.
9.3Special Subcustodians. At the request of the Client, the Custodian may agree to appoint one or more qualified banks, trust companies or other entities designated by the Client to act as a subcustodian (each a “Special Subcustodian”) for purposes specified by the Client. In connection with the appointment of a Special Subcustodian, the Custodian shall enter into a tri-party subcustodian agreement with the Special Subcustodian and the Client in form and substance approved the Custodian, provided that such agreement shall comply with Law applicable to the Client and shall be consistent with the terms and provisions of this Agreement, to the extent practicable.
14.4. Provisions Relating to Rule 17f-5
14.4.1 Delegation. Each Client, by resolution of its Board, delegates to the Custodian, pursuant to Rule 17f-5(b), the obligations to perform as the Client’s Foreign Custody Manager and, unless the Custodian advises the
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Customer that it does not accept such delegation with respect to a country, the Custodian accepts such delegation. The Custodian acting in this capacity shall be referred to as the “Foreign Custody Manager.”
14.4.2 Exercise of Care as Foreign Custody Manager. The Foreign Custody Manager will exercise such reasonable care, prudence and diligence in performing the delegated responsibilities as a person having responsibility for the safekeeping of assets of management investment companies registered under the 1940 Act would exercise.
14.4.3 Foreign Custody Arrangements. The Foreign Custody Manager will perform the delegated responsibilities only with respect to Covered Foreign Countries and will provide the Client with a list on Schedule A of the Eligible Foreign Custodian(s) it selects to maintain the Client’s Foreign Assets in each Covered Foreign Country. The Foreign Custody Manager may amend the list from time to time in its sole discretion upon notice to the Client.
14.4.4 Scope of Delegated Responsibilities. The Foreign Custody Manager, when placing and maintaining Foreign Assets in the care of an Eligible Foreign Custodian, will determine that: (i) the Foreign Assets will be subject to reasonable care, based on the standards applicable to custodians in the country in which the Foreign Assets will be held by the Eligible Foreign Custodian, after considering all factors relevant to the safekeeping of such assets, including, without limitation the factors specified in Rule 17f-5(c)(1), and (ii) the contract between the Foreign Custody Manager and the Eligible Foreign Custodian governing the foreign custody arrangements will satisfy the requirements of Rule 17f-5(c)(2). The Foreign Custody Manager will establish a system to monitor (a) the appropriateness of maintaining the Foreign Assets with the Eligible Foreign Custodian, and (b) the performance of the contract governing the foreign custody arrangements. The Foreign Custody Manager will notify the Client if it determines that the custody arrangements with an Eligible Foreign Custodian are no longer appropriate and will act in accordance with the Client’s Proper Instructions with respect to the disposition of the affected Foreign Assets.
14.4.5 Reporting Requirements. The Foreign Custody Manager will (i) report the withdrawal of Foreign Assets from an Eligible Foreign Custodian and the placement of Foreign Assets with another Eligible Foreign Custodian by providing to the Client an updated Schedule A at the end of the calendar quarter in which the action has occurred, and (ii) after the occurrence of any other material change in the foreign custody arrangements of the Client, make a written report available to the Client containing a notification of the change.
14.4.6 Representations of Foreign Custody Manager and Client. The Foreign Custody Manager represents to Client that it is a U.S. Bank as defined in Section (a)(7) of Rule 17f-5(a)(7). Client represents to the Custodian that its Board has (i) determined that it is reasonable for the Board to rely on the Custodian to perform the responsibilities delegated pursuant to this Agreement to the Custodian as the Foreign Custody Manager of the Client, and (ii) considered and determined to accept the risk described in the first
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sentence of Section 19.2 as is incurred by placing and maintaining the Client’s Foreign Assets in each Covered Foreign Country.
14.4.7. Withdrawal of Acceptance of Delegation as Foreign Custody Manager. Upon reasonable prior written notice to the Client, the Foreign Custody Manager may withdraw its acceptance of such delegated responsibilities generally or with respect to a specified Covered Foreign Country, and the Custodian will have no further responsibility in its capacity as Foreign Custody Manager to the Client generally or with respect to the designated Covered Foreign Country, as applicable.
14.4.8. Settlement Practices. The Custodian will provide to each Client the information with respect to custody and settlement practices in countries in which the Custodian employs an Eligible Foreign Custodian described on Schedule C at the time or times set out on the Schedule. The Custodian may revise Schedule C from time to time, but no revision will result in a Client being provided with substantively less information than had been previously provided on Schedule C.
10Central Securities Depositories
10.1Use of Central Securities Depositories. The Custodian and its Subcustodians will use CSDs in connection with the performance of the Services, and will notify the Client of the CSDs so employed from time to time through the Client Publications.
10.2Rules of Central Securities Depositories. Where the Custodian or its Subcustodians use CSDs, the Client acknowledges that they will do so in accordance with the terms and conditions of participation or membership in such CSDs and the rules and procedures governing the operation thereof.
10.3Provisions Relating to Rule 17f-4. The Custodian may deposit and maintain securities or other financial assets of the Client in a U.S. CSD in compliance with the conditions of Rule 17f-4.
10.4Provisions Relating to Rule 17f-7. The Custodian will (i) provide the Client or its Investment Manager with an analysis of the custody risks associated with maintaining assets with the Eligible Securities Depositories set out on Schedule B in accordance with Section (a)(1)(i)(A) of Rule 17f-7, (ii) monitor such risks on a continuing basis and promptly notify the Client or its Investment Manager of any material change in such risks, in accordance with Section (a)(1)(i)(B) of Rule 17f-7, and (iii) exercise reasonable care, prudence and diligence in performing the requirements in subsections (i) and (ii) above.
11Delegation
11.1Use of Delegates. The Custodian will have the right, without prior notice to or the consent of the Client, to employ Delegates to provide or assist it in the provision of any part of the Services other than Services required by Law applicable to either Party to be performed by a qualified custodian or CSD. Unless otherwise agreed in a fee schedule, the Custodian will be responsible for the compensation of its Delegates.
11.2Provision of Information Regarding Delegates. The Custodian will provide or make available to the Client on a quarterly or other periodic basis information regarding its global operating model for the delivery of the Services, which information will include the
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identities of Delegates affiliated with the Custodian that perform or may perform any part of the Services, and the locations from which such Delegates perform Services, as well as such other information about its Delegates as the Client may reasonably request from time to time.
11.3Third Parties. Nothing in this Section limits or restricts the Custodian’s right to use Affiliates or third parties to perform or discharge, or assist it in the performance or discharge of, any obligations or duties under this Agreement other than the provision of the Services.
12Standard of Care and Liability
12.1Standard of Care. The Custodian will at all times exercise the reasonable skill, care and diligence expected of a professional provider of custody services to institutional investors and act in good faith and in accordance with generally applicable industry standards and practices in the performance of its duties under this Agreement.
12.2Liability for Losses. Subject to the limitations and exclusions of liability in this Agreement, the Custodian will be liable for Losses suffered or incurred by the Client to the extent such Losses are caused by the negligence, wilful default, or fraud of the Custodian in the performance of its obligations under this Agreement. The parties agree that “negligence” will mean a breach by the Custodian of its obligation to exercise the standard of care described in Section 17.1 above.
12.3Responsibility for Subcustodians. The Custodian will be liable to the Client for the acts and omissions of its Subcustodians as if it had committed such acts and omissions itself; provided that:
12.3.1compliance with the standard of care set out in Section 17.1 will be assessed in accordance with the standards and circumstances prevailing at the time of the act or omission in the local market or jurisdiction in which the Subcustodian is providing the relevant Services; and
12.3.2the Custodian will have no liability for Losses resulting from the insolvency or other financial default of a Subcustodian that is not an Affiliate of the Custodian except to the extent that such Losses are caused by the failure of the Custodian to exercise reasonable skill, care and diligence in the selection, monitoring and continued utilization of the Subcustodian as required under Section 14.2.
12.4Responsibility for Special Subcustodians. Notwithstanding the provisions of Section 17.3 to the contrary, the Custodian shall not be liable to the Client for Losses suffered or incurred by the Client resulting from the acts or omissions of a Special Subcustodian, except to the extent such Losses are caused by the negligence, wilful default or fraud of the Custodian. In the event of any such Loss, the Custodian shall use commercially reasonable efforts to enforce such rights as it may have against any Special Subcustodian.
12.5 Responsibility for Delegates. The Custodian will be liable to the Client for the acts and omissions of its Delegates as if it had committed such acts and omissions itself.
12.6Force Majeure. Neither Party will be in breach of this Agreement or liable for Losses arising by reason of the occurrence of a Force Majeure Event that prevents, hinders or delays it from or in performing its obligations under this Agreement, except, in the case of
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the Custodian, to the extent that such Losses are attributable to its breach of its business continuity obligations under this Agreement.
12.7No Liability for Certain Losses. Except to the extent any Losses result in whole or in part from the Custodian’s negligence, wilful default or fraud, the Custodian will not be liable to the Client for any Losses to the extent they arise from or are caused by:
12.7.1the Custodian acting upon any (i) Proper Instruction or (ii) if a Proper Instruction is not required in a particular circumstance, any other instruction, information, notice, request, consent, certificate, instrument or other writing that the Custodian reasonably believes to be genuine and to be signed or otherwise given by or on behalf of a person authorized to do so;
12.7.2a delay in processing or any failure to process any Proper Instruction to the extent permitted under Section 22, subject to the satisfaction of the conditions set out in that Section, as applicable;
12.7.3the failure of the Client or any person authorized by it to comply with the Client’s obligations under this Agreement; or
12.7.4any other acts and omissions of the Client, any person authorized by it or any third party, including any Third Party Agent, Market Participant, Authorized Data Source, CSD, or Financial Market Utility.
12.8Mutual Exclusion of Indirect and Other Loss. Notwithstanding any other provision of this Agreement, neither Party will be liable to the other for: (i) indirect, consequential, speculative, punitive or special Loss or (ii) loss of profit, revenue, opportunity, business, anticipated savings, goodwill and damage to reputation, or Loss of any similar kind; in each case whether or not a Party has been advised of or otherwise could have anticipated the possibility of such losses, except to the extent any such losses cannot be excluded or limited as a matter of Law applicable to either Party.
13Error Correction
13.1Error Correction. If an error results from an act or omission of the Custodian in performing the services under this Agreement, the Custodian will promptly notify the Client of any error that results in a material Loss or gain and may take such remedial action as it considers appropriate under the circumstances, which may include effecting corrective transactions involving the Client’s assets, where and to the extent reasonably necessary to place the Client in the position (or its equivalent) it would have been had the error not occurred. The Custodian will be responsible for Losses arising from its errors in accordance with the terms of this Agreement and will be entitled to retain gains arising from its errors or related remedial actions unless otherwise prohibited by Law. Where an error results in a series of related Losses and gains, the Custodian will be entitled to net gains against Losses when permitted by Law. Except as provided in this Section 18.1, the Custodian will have no duty to notify or account to the Client for any Loss or gain associated with an error it has fully remediated.
14Limits on the Scope of the Services
14.1No Fiduciary or Implied Duties. The Custodian is responsible only for the duties it has expressly undertaken under this Agreement and no other duties will be implied or inferred, including any fiduciary duties, except to the extent such fiduciary duties may not be disclaimed as a matter of Law.
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14.2Investment and Other Risk, Client Compliance Matters. The Client bears the risk of investing in Securities or other assets or holding cash denominated in any currency or holding assets in a particular market, including investment risk and risk arising from the political, regulatory, legal or financial infrastructure of such market or otherwise arising from Local Market Practice. The Custodian is not responsible for monitoring or enforcing compliance by the Client or its Investment Manager(s) with any investment or other restriction, guideline or requirement imposed by the Client’s constituent documents or by contract or Law applicable to the Client in connection with investment activity undertaken by or on behalf of the Client.
14.3Data Accuracy. The Custodian has no responsibility for, or duty to review, verify or otherwise perform any investigation as to the completeness, accuracy or sufficiency of, any data or information provided by or on behalf of the Client, any persons authorized by the Client, any Third Party Agent, any Market Participant or any Authorized Data Sources, except to the extent the Custodian has agreed in writing to perform reconciliations, variance or tolerance checks or other specific forms of data review under this Agreement.
14.4Title. The Custodian is not responsible for title or entitlement to, validity or genuineness, including good deliverable form, of any asset received by the Custodian.
14.5Proceedings. The Custodian is not responsible for commencing legal or administrative proceedings on behalf of the Client or relating to the assets held under this Agreement, including in respect of the late payment of income or other payments due to the Client or amounts payable on Securities in default if payment is refused after due demand and presentment.
14.6Laws Applicable to the Custodian or Subcustodian. Laws applicable to the Custodian or a Subcustodian may from time to time prohibit or cause delays in the Custodian holding assets, acting on Proper Instructions or providing the Services to the Client in the manner contemplated by this Agreement. In such cases, the Custodian or Subcustodian will be entitled to comply with the Law and, where permitted by such Law, the Parties will seek to resolve the situation to the Parties’ mutual satisfaction.
14.7Securities on Loan. Asset servicing is not generally performed for securities on loan unless otherwise noted in this Agreement or agreed by the Parties in writing. Provision of such services with respect to securities on loan may be covered by a separate securities lending or services agreement.
15Indemnity
15.1Indemnity by Client. Subject to this Section 20 and the exclusions and limitations of liability elsewhere in this Agreement, including Section 17.8, the Client will indemnify the Custodian against any direct Losses incurred by the Custodian (including Losses incurred by Subcustodians or Delegates for which the Custodian is liable) in connection with the performance of its duties under this Agreement, including acting on Proper Instructions and Losses incurred by virtue of being the holder of record of the Client’s Securities, except, in each case, to the extent such Losses result from the Custodian’s negligence, wilful default or fraud (or that of its Subcustodians or Delegates) in the discharge of the Custodian’s duties under this Agreement.
15.2Indemnity by Custodian. Subject to this Section 20 and the exclusions and limitations of liability elsewhere in this Agreement, including Section 17.7 and 17.8, the Custodian will indemnify the Client against any direct Losses incurred by the Client, in each case, to the
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extent such Losses result from the negligence, wilful default or fraud of the Custodian (or that of its Subcustodians or Delegates) in the discharge of the Custodian’s duties under this Agreement.
15.3Duty to Mitigate. Each Party will use reasonable efforts to mitigate any Losses in respect of which it claims indemnification under this Agreement.
15.4Notice of Claims. A Party seeking indemnification under this Section (“Indemnified Party”) against a third-party claim (“Indemnified Claim”) will promptly provide written notice of such claim to the Party obligated to indemnify (“Indemnifying Party”). The failure to notify the Indemnifying Party will not relieve such Party of any liability under this Section, except to the extent that such failure materially prejudices the investigation and/or defense of the Indemnified Claim.
15.5Right to Control Third Party Claims. The Indemnifying Party will, at its own expense, be entitled but not obligated to control and direct the investigation and defense of any Indemnified Claim, except where the Custodian is the Indemnified Party and is seeking indemnification from multiple customers for claims based on common facts or otherwise related to the Indemnified Claim, in which case the Custodian will have the right to control and direct the investigation and defense of such claim, at the expense of (i) the Indemnifying Party or (ii) all of the customers from which indemnification is sought, including the Indemnifying Party, pro rata, as appropriate. Where the Indemnifying Party controls and directs the investigation of the defence of the Indemnified Claim, the Indemnified Party may retain separate counsel at its own expense. If a conflict of interest exists between the Parties with respect to the defense of such claim, the reasonable cost of separate counsel will be an indemnified expense.
15.6Settlement of Claims. Neither Party may settle an Indemnified Claim without the consent of the other Party, which consent will not be unreasonably withheld, conditioned or delayed, provided that the Indemnifying Party will have the right to settle an Indemnified Claim without the consent of the Indemnified Party if such settlement:
15.6.1involves only the payment of money;
15.6.2fully and unconditionally releases the Indemnified Party from any liability in exchange for the amount paid in settlement; and
15.6.3does not include any admission of fault or liability in relation to the Indemnified Party.
15.7Cooperation. In all cases, each Party will, as applicable, provide reasonable cooperation and assistance to the other Party and keep the other Party apprised as to the status of the Indemnified Claim, including any discussions relating to the settlement of the claim and the details of any settlement offer.
16Obligations of the Client
16.1Provide Information. The Client will provide or cause to be provided to the Custodian all data, information, documents and instructions concerning the Client and the investment activity of the Client in relation to the Portfolio as may be reasonably necessary or as the Custodian may reasonably request, in each case in a complete, accurate and timely manner, in order to enable the Custodian to discharge its duties under this Agreement.
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16.2AML Compliance. The Client will comply with all applicable anti-money laundering, sanctions or other financial crime legislation applicable to it and will provide the Custodian with all necessary sanctions questionnaires, declarations and other documentation in order for the Custodian to comply with its anti-money laundering policy.
16.3Pass Through Representations. To the extent that the Custodian is required to give (or is deemed to have given) any representation, warranty or undertaking to a third party relating to the Client in accordance with normal market practice in connection with the execution of transaction documents or the issuance or transmission of trade notifications, confirmations and/or settlement instructions, whether using facsimile transmission, industry messaging or matching utilities and/or the proprietary software of Third Party Agents and Market Participants, CSDs or other Financial Market Utilities, the Client will be deemed to have made such representation, warranty or undertaking to the Custodian.
16.4Operational Requirements. The Client will adhere to the deadlines and other operational requirements set out in the Client Publications, to facilitate meeting the requirements of CSD’s, Third Party Agents and Market Participants.
16.5Client Review and Notification. In accordance with standard market practice, the Client will employ commercially reasonable review and control measures with respect to information provided by the Custodian under this Agreement and give the Custodian prompt written notice of any suspected error or omission or the Client’s inability to access any such Information so as to prevent, stem or mitigate any Losses that may arise from the use of inaccurate data or the inaccessibility of data.
16.6Fees. In consideration for the Services provided by the Custodian, the Client will pay the Fees as agreed in a written fee schedule or otherwise agreed in writing by the Parties from time to time. The Fees and any other amounts payable under this Agreement are stated exclusive of any sales, use, excise, value-added, services, consumption, withholding or other similar tax that is assessed on the supply of the Services under an agreement. Any such tax will be payable by the Client.
16.7Client Publications. The Client will ensure that it provides the Custodian with and regularly updates, as necessary, e-mail and other contact details for its representatives to enable timely distribution and receipt of the Client Publications.
17Proper Instructions
17.1Dealings in Cash and Securities. The Custodian will effect all transactions and dealings in Cash and Securities under this Agreement in accordance with Proper Instructions, subject to any other rights it may have under this Agreement.
17.2Appointment of Authorized Persons. The Client and each Investment Manager will provide the Custodian with a list of the names and (if applicable) signatures, of Authorized Persons in a form agreed by the parties from time to time. The Custodian may rely upon the authority of each Authorized Person until it receives written notice to the contrary from the Client and has had a reasonable time to act on such notice.
17.3Authentication Procedures. The Custodian will implement Authentication Procedures. The Client acknowledges that the Authentication Procedures are intended to provide a commercially reasonable degree of protection against unauthorized transactions of certain types and are not designed to detect errors. Any purported Proper Instruction received by the Custodian in accordance with an Authentication Procedure will be taken
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to have originated from an Authorized Person and will constitute a Proper Instruction under this Agreement for all purposes.
17.4Security Measures by Client. The Client is responsible for ensuring that appropriate security measures are implemented to prevent unauthorized disclosure or use of any Authentication Procedure made available to it or an Investment Manager in connection with this Agreement.
17.5No Duty to Verify. Except to the extent the Custodian is required to comply with Authentication Procedures under Section 22.3 above, the Custodian has no duty to verify that personnel of the Client or any Investment Manager engaged in investment activity are authorized to do so or that any instructions received by the Custodian are duly authorized.
17.6Decline/Delay in Processing. The Custodian reserves the right to decline to process or delay the processing of any purported Proper Instruction where:
17.6.1the Custodian, in good faith, determines that the instruction may not have been properly authorized;
17.6.2the instruction is inaccurate, incomplete or unclear;
17.6.3the instruction conflicts with the terms of this Agreement or any Law applicable to either Party, Local Market Practice or the Custodian’s standard operating procedures; or
17.6.4the Custodian has not been given a reasonable time period to effect the instruction.
In these circumstances, the Custodian will promptly seek authentication, clarification, correction or amendment of any Proper Instruction, as the case may be.
17.7Cancellation and Amendment. The Custodian will use reasonable efforts to act on Proper Instructions to cancel or amend previously issued Proper Instructions if:
17.7.1the Custodian has not already acted on the previously issued Proper Instructions; and
17.7.2the Proper Instruction to cancel or amend is received before the applicable deadlines specified from time to time in the Client Publications or applicable event notification.
The Custodian is not responsible or liable if the request to cancel or amend cannot be satisfied.
17.8Oral Instructions. If applicable, the Custodian may act on an oral instruction (given in accordance with an agreed Authentication Procedure) before receipt of any written confirmation and irrespective of whether any subsequent written confirmation conforms to the oral instruction.
17.9Conflicting Claims. If there is a dispute or conflicting claim with respect to Securities or Cash held by the Custodian under this Agreement, the Custodian is entitled to refuse to act on a Proper Instruction of the Client or any Investment Manager in relation to the particular Securities or Cash until either (i) the dispute or conflicting claims have been finally determined by a court of competent jurisdiction or settled by agreement between the conflicting parties, and the Custodian has received written evidence satisfactory to it
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of such determination or agreement, or (ii) the Custodian has received an indemnity, security or both, satisfactory to it and sufficient to hold it harmless from and against any and all Losses which the Custodian may incur as a result of its actions.
17.10Matters Not Requiring Proper Instructions. The Client authorises the Custodian in the absence of Proper Instructions to attend to all matters which may be necessary or appropriate to discharge its duties and give effect to the terms of this Agreement, including the execution, in the Client’s name or on its behalf, of any affidavits, certificates of ownership and other certificates and documents relating to Securities.
18Creditors Rights
18.1Security. To secure the full and timely satisfaction of all Secured Liabilities, the Client hereby grants to the Custodian a security interest in and a right of retention, sale and set off, as applicable, against (i) all of the Client’s Cash, Securities, and other assets, whether now existing or hereafter acquired, in the possession or under the control of the Custodian or its Subcustodians pursuant to this Agreement and (ii) any and all cash proceeds of any of the above (collectively, the “Collateral”).
18.2Rights of the Custodian. In the event that the Client fails to satisfy in full any of the Secured Liabilities as and when due and payable, the Custodian will have, in addition to all other rights and remedies arising under this Agreement or under applicable Law, the rights and remedies of a secured party under applicable Law. Without prejudice to the Custodian’s other rights and remedies, the Custodian will be entitled, in each case as and to the extent reasonably necessary to satisfy in full the Secured Liabilities and any related transaction expenses, to (a) exercise its right of retention and withhold delivery of any Collateral and otherwise refuse to act on any Proper Instruction relating to such Collateral, (b) sell or otherwise realize any Collateral, and (c) set off the net proceeds of such sale or realization of Collateral and/or the amount of any deposit balances standing to the credit of the Client in any Cash Account(s) against such Secured Liabilities.
18.3Exercise of Rights. The Custodian may exercise its rights and remedies against the Collateral in any manner (including by any method, at any time or place, and on any terms) as it deems, in good faith, to be commercially reasonable under the circumstances, and will use commercially reasonable efforts to effect any sale of Collateral at the prevailing market price in the relevant market. Without limiting the foregoing, the Client acknowledges that it will be commercially reasonable for the Custodian to, among other things: (i) accelerate or cause the acceleration of the maturity of any fixed term deposits comprised in the Collateral and (ii) effect any necessary currency conversions through its own trading desk at such exchange rates as it determines in its reasonable discretion, which rates may include a mark-up from the rates the Custodian receives on the interbank market.
18.4Notice. The Custodian will use commercially reasonable efforts to give the Client prior notice of any exercise of the right to sell or otherwise realize Collateral set forth above, provided that the Custodian will not be obligated to give prior notice to the Client or delay exercising its rights pending or after the provision of such notice if, in its reasonable judgment, giving such notice or any such delay would prejudice its ability to obtain satisfaction in full of the Secured Liabilities.
19Confidentiality and Use of Data
19.1Confidentiality
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4.1.124.1.1 No Disclosure Without Consent. Subject to Section 24.2 and Section 24.3, Confidential Information will not be disclosed by the Receiving Party to any third party without the prior consent of the Disclosing Party.
1.1.2No limitations of obligations under Agreement or at Law. Except as expressly contemplated by this Agreement, nothing in this Section 24 will limit the confidentiality and data-protection obligations of the Custodian and its Affiliates under this Agreement and Law applicable to the Custodian.
1.1Use of Confidential Information and Data
24.2.1 Use of Confidential Information and Data generally. Subject to this Section 24.2 and Section 24.3, all Confidential Information, including Data, will be used by the Receiving Party, including its directors, officers and employees, solely for the purpose of providing or receiving services, as applicable, pursuant to this Agreement or otherwise discharging its obligations under this Agreement.
24.2.2 Use of Data for Indicators. The Custodian and its Affiliates may use Data to develop, publish or otherwise distribute to third parties certain investor behavior “indicators” or “indices” that represent broad trends in the flow of investment funds into various markets, sectors or investment instruments (collectively, the “Indicators”), but only so long as (i) the Data is combined or aggregated with (A) information relating to other customers of the Custodian and/or (B) information derived from other sources, in each case such that the Indicators do not allow for attribution to or identification of such Data with the Client, (ii) the Data represents less than a statistically meaningful portion of all of the data used to create the Indicators and (iii) the Custodian publishes or otherwise distributes to third parties only the Indicators and under no circumstance publishes, makes available, distributes or otherwise discloses any of the Data to any third party, whether aggregated, anonymized or otherwise, except as expressly permitted under this Agreement.
1.1.3Economic benefit from Indicators. The Client acknowledges that the Custodian may seek and realize economic benefit from the publication or distribution of the Indicators.
1.1Disclosure of Confidential Information and Data
1.1.1Disclosure of Confidential Information to Representatives. The Receiving Party may disclose the Disclosing Party's Confidential Information without the Disclosing Party’s consent to its attorneys, accountants, auditors, consultants and other similar advisors that have a reasonable need to know such Confidential Information (“Representatives”), provided such Confidential Information is disclosed under obligations of confidentiality that prohibit the disclosure or use of such Confidential Information by the Representatives for any purpose other than the specific engagement with the Receiving Party for which the Representative has been retained and that are otherwise no less restrictive than the confidentiality obligations contained in this Agreement. The Parties acknowledge that use of Confidential Information by a Representative to represent its other clients in dealing with the Disclosing Party would constitute a breach of this Section 24.3. Where the Custodian is the Receiving Party, “Representatives” will include its Affiliates and Service Providers (as defined below).
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1.1.2Disclosure and Use of Confidential Information by Custodian. The Custodian may disclose and permit use (as applicable) of Confidential Information of the Client without the Client’s consent:
1.1.2.1to its Affiliates and any of its third-party agents and service providers (“Service Providers”) in connection with the provision of services, the discharge of its obligations under this Agreement or the carrying out of any Proper Instruction, including in accordance with the standard practices or requirements of any Financial Market Utility or in connection with the settlement, holding or administration of Cash, Securities or other instruments;
1.1.2.2to its Affiliates in connection with the management of the businesses of the Custodian and its Affiliates, including, but not limited to, financial and operational management and reporting, risk management, legal and regulatory compliance and client service management and marketing.
Where possible, such Confidential Information must be disclosed under obligations of confidentiality or in a manner consistent with industry practice.
1.1.3Ownership of Confidential Information. All the Confidential Information disclosed to, delivered to, or acquired by the Receiving Party from the Disclosing Party hereunder shall be and remain the sole property of the Disclosing Party. Nothing in this Agreement is intended to grant any rights to the Receiving Party under any patent, trademark, copyright, trade secret or other intellectual property right Law or regulation to the Confidential Information of the Disclosing Party, nor shall this Agreement grant the Receiving Party any rights in or to the Disclosing Party’s Confidential Information.
1.1.4Confidential Information and Cloud Computing and Storage. Each Party may store Confidential Information with third-party providers of information technology services, and permit access to Confidential Information by such providers as reasonably necessary for the receipt of cloud computing and storage services and related hardware and software maintenance and support. Such Confidential Information must be disclosed under obligations of confidentiality.
1.1.5Return of Confidential Information. To the extent permitted by applicable Law, upon termination of this Agreement, all or any requested portion of Confidential Information will be promptly returned to Disclosing Party or destroyed, and no copy shall be retained. It is understood that: (i) information in an intangible or electronic format containing Confidential Information cannot be removed, erased or otherwise deleted from archival systems (also known as “computer or system back-ups”), and (ii) Receiving Party may retain one copy of any Confidential Information to the extent necessary to comply with applicable Law or the rules of any governmental agency or self-regulatory organization to which the Receiving Party is subject and/or in accordance with Receiving Party’s established internal compliance or document retention policies; provided that, in the case of (i) and (ii) above, such Confidential Information will continue to be protected under the terms of
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this Agreement and the Receiving Party shall continue to be bound by the obligations of confidentiality and non-use hereunder.
1.1.6Disclosure of Confidential Information to comply with law. The Receiving Party may disclose the Disclosing Party's Confidential Information to the extent such disclosure is required to satisfy any legal requirement (including in response to court-issued orders, investigative demands, subpoenas or similar processes or to satisfy the requirements of any applicable regulatory authority) and such disclosure shall not be deemed a breach of this Agreement; provided that, to the extent permitted by applicable Law, the Receiving Party shall provide notice as may be reasonable under the circumstances in writing to the Disclosing Party when required to disclose such Confidential Information in order to provide Disclosing Party time to seek to obtain an appropriate protective order.
1.1.7Harm of Unauthorized Disclosure of Confidential Information. Each Party acknowledges that the disclosure to any non-authorized third party of Confidential Information or the use of Confidential Information in breach of this Agreement, may immediately give rise to continuing irreparable injury inadequately compensable in damages at law, and in such cases the Receiving Party agrees to waive any defense that an adequate remedy at law is available if the Disclosing Party seeks to obtain injunctive relief against any such breach or any threatened breach. Such injunctive relief shall not be deemed to be the exclusive remedy for any breach of this Agreement but shall be in addition to all other rights and remedies available under this Agreement, subject to Section 29.5.
1.1.8Responsibility for Representatives. Each Party will be responsible for any use or disclosure of Confidential Information of the Disclosing Party in breach of this Agreement by its Representatives as though such Party had used or disclosed such Confidential Information itself.
1.1.9No Disclosure to Custodian Asset Manager Division. In no event will the Custodian allow representatives of its asset management division or Affiliates engaged in asset management to have access to or to use Confidential Information of the Client, including Data.
1Term and Termination
1.1Term. This Agreement will commence on the Effective Date and will continue until terminated in accordance with this Section.
1.2Termination Rights.
1.2.1Prior Notice. The Parties agree that:
1.2.1.1the Client may terminate this Agreement by giving not less than 30 days’ prior written notice to the Custodian; and
1.2.1.2the Custodian may terminate this Agreement by giving not less than 270 days’ prior written notice to the Client.
1.2.2Immediate Effect. A Party may terminate this Agreement with immediate effect at any time by written notice to the other Party, if:
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1.2.2.1an Insolvency Event occurs in relation to the other Party;
1.2.2.2such other Party is the Client and fails to pay any undisputed Fees as and when due and has failed to cure such breach within 30 days of receipt of notice from the Custodian requesting it to do so; or
1.2.2.3such other Party commits a material breach of an obligation under this Agreement and has failed to cure such breach within 30 days of receipt of notice requesting it to do so.
If the Custodian terminates this Agreement pursuant to sub-sections 25.2.1 or 25.2.2, the Custodian will continue to provide the Services for a period of up to 270 days subject to payment in full of any overdue undisputed Fees and prepayment of the Fees reasonably expected to be incurred during such 270-day period, or such other financial assurance reasonably acceptable to the Custodian.
1.3Actions on Termination.
25.3.1 Successor Custodian. Upon termination of this Agreement, the Custodian will deliver the Portfolio to the successor custodian designated by the Client in Proper Instructions.
25.3.2 Remaining Portfolio. If any part of the Portfolio remains in the possession of the Custodian or its Subcustodians after the date of termination because the Client fails to designate a successor custodian or otherwise, the Custodian may continue to provide the Services to the Client in consideration of the Fees, as if the Agreement had not terminated. If no successor custodian has been appointed on or before the date of termination of this Agreement, then the Custodian will have the right to deliver to a bank or trust company, which is a “bank” as defined in the 1940 Act, doing business in Boston, Massachusetts, or New York, New York, of its own selection, all Cash and Securities of the Client then held by the Custodian, and to transfer to an account of the bank or trust company all of the Securities of the Client held in any CSD. The transfer will be on such terms as are contained in this Agreement or as the Custodian may otherwise reasonably negotiate with the bank or trust company. Any compensation payable to the bank or trust company, and any cost or expense incurred by the Custodian, in connection with the transfer will be for the account of the Client.
25.3.3 Payment of Fees. Upon termination of this Agreement, Fees will become due and payable for the period to the date of such termination, or, if later, to the date at which any part of the Portfolio held by the Custodian has been fully transferred to a successor custodian or to the Client, other than Fees subject to a bona fide good faith dispute.
1Representations and Warranties
1.1Each Party. Each Party represents and warrants to the other that: (i) it has the power to enter into and perform its obligations under this Agreement; and (ii) it has duly executed this Agreement by duly authorized persons so as to constitute valid and binding obligations of that Party.
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1.2Client. The Client further represents and warrants to the Custodian that: (i) it is the beneficial owner of the assets comprising the Portfolio or is entitled to deal with the assets comprising the Portfolio under this Agreement as if it were beneficial owner; and (ii) unless otherwise agreed, the Client acts as principal for the purposes of this Agreement and not as agent for another person.
1.3Custodian. The Custodian further represents and warrants to the Client which representations and warranties shall be deemed to be continuing throughout the term of this Agreement, that: (i) it holds such authorisations and licences as are necessary to lawfully perform its obligations under this Agreement; (ii) it will seek to maintain such authorisations and licenses for the term of this Agreement; and (iii) it is conducting its business in compliance in all material respects with all applicable Law and regulations.
2Record Retention and Audit Rights
2.1Records. The Custodian will retain the records it is required to maintain under this Agreement in accordance with the Law applicable to the Custodian.
2.2Client and Regulator Access. The Custodian will allow the Client and the Client’s regulators or supervisory authorities to perform periodic on-site audits as may be reasonably required to examine the Custodian’s performance of the Services.
2.3Frequency and Scope. For inspections requested by the Client (such request will include reasonable advance notice) and agreed to by the Custodian, the Custodian reserves the right to impose reasonable limitations on the number, frequency, timing, and scope of such audits.
2.4Limitations on Disclosure. Nothing contained in this Section will obligate the Custodian to provide access to or otherwise disclose: (i) any information that is unrelated to the Client and the provision of the Services to the Client; (ii) any information that is treated as confidential under the Custodian’s corporate policies, including, without limitation, internal audit reports, compliance or risk management plans or reports, work papers and other reports, and information relating to management functions; or (iii) any other documents, reports, or information that the Custodian is obligated or entitled to maintain in confidence as a matter of law or regulation. In addition, any access provided to technology will be limited to a demonstration by the Custodian of the functionality thereof and a reasonable opportunity to communicate with the Custodian’s personnel regarding such technology.
3Business Continuity, Internal Controls and Information Security
3.1Business Continuity Plans. The Custodian will at all times maintain a commercially reasonable business contingency plan and a disaster recovery plan and will take commercially reasonable measures to maintain and periodically test such plans. The Custodian will implement such plans following the occurrence of an event which results in an interruption or suspension of the Services to be provided by the Custodian.
3.2Internal Controls Review and Report. The Custodian will retain a firm of independent auditors to perform an annual review of certain internal controls and procedures employed by the Custodian in the provision of the Services and issue a standard System and Organization Controls 1 or equivalent report based on such review. The Custodian will provide a copy of the report to the Client upon request.
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3.3Information Security Systems and Controls. The Custodian will maintain commercially reasonable information security systems and controls, which include administrative, technical, and physical safeguards that are designed to: (i) maintain the security and confidentiality of the Client’s data; (ii) protect against any anticipated threats or hazards to the security or integrity of the Client’s data, including appropriate measures designed to meet legal and regulatory requirements applying to the Custodian; and (iii) protect against unauthorized access to or use of the Client’s data.
3.4Virus Detection. The Custodian will at all times employ a current version of one of the leading commercially available virus detection software programs to test the hardware and software applications used by it to deliver the Services for the presence of any computer code designed to disrupt, disable, harm, or otherwise impede operation.
4General
4.1Services Not Exclusive; Acting in Various Capacities. The Custodian, its Subcustodians and their Affiliates are part of groups of companies and businesses that, in the ordinary course of their business:
4.1.1provide a wide range of financial services to many clients of different kinds;
4.1.2engage in transactions for their own account (including acting as banker as outlined in Section 4.4 and acting as foreign exchange counterparty as outlined in Section 13) or for the account of other clients;
which may result in actual, perceived or potential conflicts between the interests of the Client and the interest of the Custodian, its Subcustodians and their Affiliates or between the interests of clients. The Custodian maintains a conflicts of interest policy, and has implemented procedures and arrangements to identify and manage conflicts of interest.
4.2Disclosure of Conflicts. In connection with the matters outlined in Section 29.1.1, the Custodian, its Subcustodians and their Affiliates:
4.2.1may do business with each client on different contractual or financial terms;
4.2.2will seek to profit and is entitled to receive and retain profits and compensation in connection with such activities without any obligation to account to the Client for the same;
4.2.3may act as principal in its own interests, or as agent for its other clients;
4.2.4may act or refrain from acting based upon information derived from such activities that is not available to the Client;
4.2.5are not under a duty to notify or disclose to the Client any information which comes to their notice as a result of such activities; and
4.2.6do not have an obligation to consider, act in, or provide information to the Client in respect of, the interests of the Client in connection with such activities, except to the extent (if any) expressly agreed in writing with the Client under the contractual arrangements governing those activities.
The Custodian may (but is not required to) make any disclosure or notification in connection with such activities to the Client via publication on MyStateStreet.com or other notification mechanism.
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4.3Notice. Unless otherwise specified, all notices, requests, demands and other communications under this Agreement (other than routine operational communications), will be in writing and will be taken to have been given:
4.3.1when delivered by hand;
4.3.2on the next Business Day after being sent by e-mail (unless the sender receives an automated message that the e-mail has not been delivered);
4.3.3on the next Business Day after being sent by overnight courier service for next Business Day delivery; or
4.3.4 on the third Business Day after being sent by certified or registered mail, return receipt requested;
in each case to the applicable Party at the address or e-mail address specified on Schedule 2, or such other address or e-mail address as a Party may specify by written notice from time to time.
4.4Waiver. No failure on the part of any Party to exercise, and no delay on its part in exercising, any right or remedy under this Agreement will operate as a waiver, nor will any single or partial exercise of any right or remedy preclude any other or further exercise of that right or remedy, or the exercise of any other right or remedy.
4.5Sole Remedy. Subject to the right to seek relief under the specific circumstances expressly permitted in this Agreement, each of the Custodian and the Client agrees that, to the maximum extent permitted by applicable Law, a claim for breach of contract under and consistent with the terms of this Agreement will be the sole and exclusive remedy available for any and all matters arising from or in any way relating to this Agreement, the provision of the Services or any conduct (including omissions and alleged conduct) relating to the Agreement or provision of the Services, whether before, during or after the term of this Agreement. Accordingly, to the maximum extent permitted by applicable Law, each of the Custodian and the Client, on behalf of itself and its Affiliates, waives any and all other rights and remedies that otherwise would be available to such party in law or equity.
4.6Assignment and Successors. The terms of this Agreement are binding on the Parties’ representatives, successors and permitted assigns and this Agreement and any rights or obligations under this Agreement may not be assigned or transferred without the prior written consent of the other Party. However, in the event that either Party becomes the subject of an Insolvency Event, then such Party will have the right to assign or transfer its rights and obligations under this Agreement to any entity to which the Party transfers its business and assets (including a bridge bank or similar entity) and the other Party irrevocably consents to such assignment or transfer.
4.7Entire Agreement. This Agreement is the complete and exclusive agreement of the Parties regarding the Services and supersedes, as of the Effective Date, all prior oral
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or written agreements, arrangements or understandings between the parties relating to the Services.
4.8Amendments. This Agreement may be amended by written agreement between the Parties.
4.9Counterparts and Electronic Signatures. This Agreement may be executed in separate counterparts, each of which will be an original, but which together will constitute one and the same agreement. Counterparts may be executed in either original or electronically transmitted form (e.g., faxes or emailed portable document format (PDF) form), and the Parties adopt as original any signatures received in electronically transmitted form. This Agreement may be executed by electronic signature (whatever form the electronic signature takes) and the Parties agree that this method of signature is as conclusive of the intention to be bound by this Agreement as if signed by the Parties’ manuscript signatures.
4.10Severance. In the event that any part of this Agreement will be determined to be void or unenforceable for any reason, the rest of this Agreement will be unaffected (unless the essential purpose hereof is substantially frustrated by such determination) and will be enforceable in accordance with the rest of its terms as if the void or unenforceable part were not a part of this Agreement.
4.11Survival. The provisions of Sections 10 (Tax Withholding and Tax Relief), 17 (Standard of Care and Liability), 20 (Indemnity), 21 (Obligations of the Client-Fees), 23 (Creditors Rights), 24 (Confidentiality and Use of Data) and 25.3 (Actions on Termination) are continuing obligations and will survive termination of this Agreement for any reason.
4.12Governing Law and Jurisdiction. This Agreement is governed by and interpreted in accordance with the laws of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, and any disputes which may arise out of, under or in connection with this Agreement will be determined by the exclusive jurisdiction of the Massachusetts courts.
4.13Information Security Addendum. The Client Information Security Addendum attached hereto as Appendix B shall be incorporated by reference into this Agreement.
4.14Qualified Financial Contracts. In the event that the Client is domiciled and organized outside of the United States, such Client and the Custodian hereby agree to be bound by the terms of the QFC addendum attached hereto as Appendix C.
4.15The Parties; Additional Clients.
4.15.1 All references in this Agreement to the “Client” are to each of the client entities listed on Appendix A, individually, as if this Agreement were between the relevant individual Client and the Custodian. Any reference in this Agreement to “the Parties” shall mean the Custodian and the individual Client as to which the matter relates.
4.15.2If any entity in addition to those listed on Appendix A would like the Custodian to render Services under the terms of this Agreement, the
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entity may notify the Custodian in writing. If the Custodian agrees in writing to provide the services, Appendix A will be taken to be amended to include such entity as a Client and that entity (together with the Custodian) will be bound by all Sections of this Agreement.
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Signed by the Parties:
On behalf of the entities listed on Appendix A hereto
By: /s/Jo Ann Quinif
Name: Jo Ann Quinif
Title: President
Date: August 29, 2024
STATE STREET BANK AND TRUST COMPANY
By: /s/Scott Shirrell
Name: Schott Shirrell
Title: Managing Director
Date: August 29, 2024
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Schedule 1
Definitions
In this Agreement:
“1940 Act” means the U.S. Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended from time to time.
“Affiliate” means, with respect to any person, any other person Controlling, Controlled by, or under common Control with, such person at the time in question. For these purposes. “Control” and its derivatives “Controlled” and “Controlling” mean, with regard to any person: (i) the legal or beneficial ownership, directly or indirectly, of fifty percent (50%) or more of the issued share capital or capital stock of that person (or other ownership interest, if not a corporation); (ii) the ability to control, directly or indirectly, fifty per cent (50%) or more of the voting power in relation to that person; or (iii) the legal power to direct or cause the direction of the general management and policies of that person, provided that where Control is being determined with respect to a person that is a limited partnership, Control shall be determined by reference to the satisfaction of any of the above tests with respect to the general partner of the limited partnership
“Alternative Assets” means derivatives, real estate, commodities, private placements, loans, infrastructure holdings, private equity holdings, hedge fund holdings or such other assets (i) not typically held in book-entry form and (ii) not typically held in accounts registered in the name of the Custodian or a Subcustodian, in each case as determined by the Custodian.
“Authentication Procedures” means the use of security codes, passwords, tested communications or other authentication procedures as may be agreed upon in writing by Parties from time to time for purposes of enabling the Custodian to verify that purported Proper Instructions have been originated by an Authorized Person, and will include a Funds Transfer and Transaction Origination Policy Agreement.
“Authorized Data Sources” means third party sources of data and information utilized by the Custodian in the provision of the Services, including issuer and issuer group data; security characteristics and classifications; security prices (OTC and exchange traded); ratings (issuer and issue); exchange, interest, discount and coupon rates; corporate action, dividend, income and tax data; benchmark, index, composite and indice related data (including values, constituents, weights and performance); and other reference and market data and information necessary for the performance of the Services.
“Authorized Person” means a person authorized to give Proper Instructions and otherwise act on the Client’s behalf in connection with this Agreement.
“Business Day” means a day on which the Custodian or the relevant Subcustodian is open for business in the market or country in which a transaction or an action by a Party takes place.
“Board” means, in relation to a Client, the board of directors, trustees or other governing body of the Client.
“Cash” means cash in any currency from time to time deposited with the Custodian or Subcustodian under this Agreement.
“Cash Account” has the meaning given to it in Section 4.1.
“Client” means the party named in the preamble.
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“Client Publications” means the general client publications of the Custodian from time to time available to clients and their investment managers, including the Investment Managers’ Guide, Client Guide, Guide to Custody in World Markets, and FX Client Guide.
“Collateral” has the meaning given to it in Section 23.1.
“Confidential Information” means all information provided by or on behalf of a party (the “Disclosing Party”) to the other party (the “Receiving Party”), or collected by a Receiving Party, under or pursuant to this Agreement that is marked "confidential", "restricted", "proprietary" or with a similar designation, or that the Receiving Party knows or reasonably should know is confidential, proprietary or a trade secret. The terms and conditions of this Agreement (including any related fee schedule or arrangement) and any Fees will be treated as Confidential Information as to which each Party is a Disclosing Party. Confidential Information will not include information that: (i) is publicly available when provided or thereafter becomes publicly available, other than through a breach of this Agreement: (ii) was known to the Receiving Partys (without an obligation of confidentiality) prior to its disclosure; (iii) is independently developed by the Receiving Party without the use of other Confidential Information; (iv) is rightfully obtained on a non-confidential basis from a third party source.
“Contractual Settlement” has the meaning given to it in Section 5.2.
“Corporate Actions” means warrant and option exercises, conversions, exchanges and other capital reorganizations, calls, odd lot tenders/credits, bonus rights, subscription offers/rights, puts, maturities of securities, redemptions, mergers, tender or exchange offers, and rights exercises and expirations. Corporate Actions do not include class actions.
“Corporate Actions Deadline Date” has the meaning given to it in Section 6.2.
“Covered Foreign Country” means a country listed on Schedule A, which list of countries may be amended from time to time at the request of any Client and with the agreement of the Foreign Custody Manager.
“CSD” or “Central Securities Depository” means an entity or generally recognised book-entry or other settlement system or clearing house, central clearing counterparty or agency, acting as a local securities depository, central securities depository or international securities depository, the use of which is customary for securities settlement activities in the jurisdiction(s) in which it holds Securities or Cash in connection with this Agreement, and through which the Custodian may transfer, settle, clear, deposit or maintain Securities whether in certificated or uncertificated form and will include any services provided by any network service provider or carriers or settlement banks used by a CSD.
“Data” means any Confidential Information of the Client relating to its holdings, transactions or other information that the Custodian obtains with respect to the Client in connection with the provision of the Services under this Agreement or any other agreement.
“Delegate” means any agent, subcontractor, consultant and other third party, whether affiliated or unaffiliated with the Custodian. The term Delegate does not include Subcustodians, CSDs, Authorized Data Sources, suppliers of information technology or related services, or Financial Market Utilities.
“Effective Date” has the meaning given to it in the preamble.
“Eligible Foreign Custodian” has the meaning set out in Section (a)(1) of Rule 17f-5.
“Eligible Securities Depository” has the meaning set out in section (b)(1) of Rule 17f-7.
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“Fees” means the fees charged by the Custodian in consideration for providing the Services and the costs, expenses and disbursements of the Custodian to be reimbursed by the Client, as agreed between the parties from time to time in a separate written fee schedule, or as otherwise agreed in writing.
“Financial Market Utility” means any multilateral system for transferring, clearing, and settling payments, securities, and other financial transactions among or between financial institutions, including payment systems, central securities depositories, securities settlement systems, central counterparties and trade repositories.
“Force Majeure Event” means any event or circumstances beyond the reasonable control of the Custodian, including nationalization, expropriation, currency restrictions, suspension or disruption of the normal procedures and practices, or disruption of the infrastructure, of any securities market or CSD, interruptions in telecommunications or utilities, acts of war or terrorism, riots, revolution, acts of God or other similar events or acts.
“Foreign Assets” means a Client’s Securities or other investments (including non-U.S. Cash) for which the primary market is outside the United States, and any cash and cash equivalents that are reasonably necessary to effect transactions in those investments.
“Foreign Custody Manager” has the meaning set forth in section (a)(3) of Rule 17f-5.
“Foreign Securities System” means an Eligible Securities Depository listed on Schedule B.
“Indemnified Claim”, “Indemnified Party” and “Indemnifying Party” each have the meaning given to them in Section 20.4.
“Insolvency Event” means the occurrence of any of the following events in relation to any person: (i) the person generally does not pay its debts as such debts become due, or admits in writing its inability to pay its debts generally, or makes a general assignment for the benefit of creditors; or (ii) any proceeding is instituted by or against such person seeking to adjudicate it a bankrupt or insolvent, or seeking liquidation, winding up, reorganization, arrangement, adjustment, protection, relief, or composition of it or its debts under any law relating to bankruptcy, insolvency or reorganization or relief of debtors, or seeking the entry of an order for relief or the appointment of a receiver, trustee, or other similar official for it or for any substantial part of its property and, where any such proceeding is instituted against (but not by) such person, such person does not promptly seek dismissal of such proceeding or its motion or request to dismiss such proceeding is denied (whether or not on an initial, interim or final basis); or (iii) such person proposes or takes any corporate action to authorize any of the preceding actions or anything analogous to the foregoing events occurs in relation to such person under the laws of any jurisdiction.
“Investment Document” means any agreement, subscription, assignment or other document evidencing in physical form an investment of the Client, or providing for the ownership by the Client, in each case that is acceptable to the Custodian. For the avoidance of doubt, it does not include any Security, instrument, certificate, title, agreement or other document that is accompanied by a stock power or instrument of assignment, endorsed to the Custodian or in blank.
“Investment Manager” means each person specified as such by the Client, including its agents and delegates.
“Law” means any statute, ordinance, order, judgment, decree, subordinate legislation, rule or regulation promulgated by any regulatory, administrative or judicial authority or otherwise in force
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in any jurisdiction, applicable to a Party, that relates to the performance by such Party of the Services or obligations under this Agreement.
“Local Market Practice” means the customary or established practices, procedures and terms in the jurisdiction or market where a transaction occurs, including the rules and procedures of any exchange or over the counter market and any practical constraints that exist with respect to the exercise of shareholder rights, realisation of entitlements or the sale, exchange, purchase, transfer or delivery of Cash or Securities.
“Losses” means all direct losses, damages, claims, costs, expenses or other liabilities (including reasonable attorneys’ fees and other litigation expenses).
“Market Participant” means any issuer, intermediary, exchange, transaction counterparty or other market participant.
“Off Book Cash” has the meaning given to it in Section 4.2.
“On Book Cash” has the meaning given to it in Section 4.2.
“Parties” means the parties set out at the beginning of this Agreement.
“Portfolio” means the Securities and Cash delivered to and held by the Custodian which comprise the assets of the Client over which the Custodian provides the Services pursuant to this Agreement.
“Proper Instructions” means instructions (which may be standing instructions and which includes any security trade advice) received by the Custodian through an agreed Authentication Procedure in any of the following forms:
(i)in writing given by an Authorized Person including a facsimile transmission;
(ii)in an electronic communication as may be agreed upon between the Custodian and the Client in writing from time to time; or
(i)by such other means as may be agreed from time to time by the Custodian and the Client .
“Rule 17f-4, Rule 17f-5, and Rule17f-7” means Rule 17f-4, Rule 17f-5 and Rule 17f-7 promulgated under the 1940 Act.
“Schedule” or “Schedules” are all of the schedules referenced herein and attached to this Agreement.
“Secured Liabilities” means all liabilities or obligations owed by the Client to the Custodian or its Affiliates relating to this Agreement, including: (a) the obligations of the Client to the Custodian or its Affiliates in relation to any advance of cash or securities or any other extension of credit for any purpose; (b) the obligations of the Client to compensate the Custodian for the provision of the Services; and (c) the indemnity obligations of the Client to the Custodian under Section 20.
“Securities” means securities and such other similar assets as the Custodian may from time to time accept into custody under this Agreement.
“Securities Account” has the meaning given to it in Section 3.2.
“Services” means the services to be provided by the Custodian to the Client in accordance with this Agreement.
“Special Subcustodian” has the meaning given to it in Section 14.3.
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“Subcustodian” means any qualified bank, credit institution, trust company or other entity appointed by the Custodian to perform safekeeping, processing and other elements of the Services, including Affiliates or non-Affiliates of the Custodian.
“Third Party Agent” means any provider of services to the Client (other than the Custodian, a Subcustodian or Delegate under this Agreement) including any Investment Manager, adviser or sub-advisor, distributor, broker, dealer, transfer agent, administrator, accounting agent, audit firm, tax firm, or law firm.
“UCC” means the Uniform Commercial Code of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, as in effect from time to time.
“U.S.” shall mean the United States of America.
“U.S. CSD” means a CSD authorized by the U.S. Department of the Treasury or a “clearing corporation” as defined in Section 8-102 of the UCC.
Interpretation: Capitalised terms used in this Agreement have the meanings given to them in this Schedule 1 unless otherwise defined. In this Agreement references to “persons” will include legal as well as natural persons or entities, references importing the singular will include the plural (and vice versa), use of the masculine pronoun will include the feminine, use of the terms “include”, “includes” or “including” shall be deemed to be followed by the phrase “without limitation” and any specific examples given following the use of such terms shall be illustrative and in no way limit the general meaning of the words preceding them and numbered schedules, exhibits or Sections will (unless the contrary intention appears) be construed as references to such schedules and exhibits hereto and Sections herein bearing those numbers and any sub-sections thereof. The schedules and exhibits hereto are hereby incorporated herein by reference.
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Schedule 2
Notices
(Section 29)
CUSTODIAN: STATE STREET BANK AND TRUST COMPANY
Attention: Senior Vice President – Custody Operations
CC: Legal Department
Address: One Congress Street, Suite 1
Boston, MA 02114
Telephone No: 617-662-0696
Email: DBoison@statestreet.com
CLIENT: Diamond Hill Securitized Credit Fund
Attention: Mutual Fund Operations
Address: 225 John H. McConnell Blvd., Suite 200, Columbus Ohio 43215
Telephone No: 614-255-3333
Email: mutualfundoperations@diamond-hill.com
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Appendix A
List of Client Entities
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Fund Name | Jurisdiction of Formation |
Diamond Hill Securitized Credit Fund | Delaware |
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Appendix B
State Street Client Information Security Addendum
ADDENDUM to that certain Custody Agreement dated as of August 28, 2024 and effective as of August 21, 2024 (the “Agreement”) between each entity identified on Appendix A to the Agreement (the “Customer”) and State Street Bank and Trust Company (“State Street”). All capitalized terms not defined in this State Street Client Information Security Addendum (this “Security Addendum”) shall have the meanings ascribed to them in the agreement.
State Street and Client hereby agree that State Street shall maintain an information security policy (“Security Policy”) that satisfies the requirements set forth below; provided, that, because information security is a highly dynamic space (where laws, regulations and threats are constantly changing), State Street reserves the right to make changes to its information security controls at any time and at the sole discretion of State Street in a manner that it believes does not materially reduce the protection it applies to Client Data.
From time to time, State Street may subcontract services performed under the Agreement (to the extent provided for under the Agreement) or provide access to Client Data or its network to a subcontractor or other third party; provided, that, such subcontractor or third party implements and maintains security measures State Street believes are at least as stringent as those described in this Security Addendum.
1.Objective.
The objective of State Street’s Security Policy and related information security program is to implement data security measures consistent in all material respects with applicable prevailing industry practices and standards (“Objective”). In order to meet such Objective, State Street uses commercially reasonable efforts to:
a.Protect the privacy, confidentiality, integrity, and availability of all confidential data and information disclosed by or on behalf of Client to, or otherwise comes into the possession of State Street, in connection with the provision of services under the Agreement and to the extent the same is deemed confidential information under the terms of the Agreement (collectively, “Client Data”);
b.protect against accidental, unauthorized, unauthenticated or unlawful access, copying, use, processing, disclosure, alteration, transfer, loss or destruction of the Client Data;
c.comply with applicable governmental laws, rules and regulations that are relevant to the handling, processing and use of Client Data by State Street in accordance with the Agreement; and
d.implement customary administrative, physical, technical, procedural and organizational safeguards.
2.Risk Assessments.
a.Risk Assessment - State Street shall, at least annually, perform risk assessments that are designed to identify material threats (both internal and external)
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Information Classification: Limited Access34 |
against Client Data, the likelihood of those threats occurring and the impact of those threats upon the State Street organization to evaluate and analyze the appropriate level of information security safeguards (“Risk Assessments”).
b.Risk Mitigation - State Street shall use commercially reasonable efforts to manage, control and remediate any threats identified in the Risk Assessments that it believes are likely to result in material unauthorized access, copying, use, processing, disclosure, alteration, transfer, loss or destruction of Client Data, consistent with the Objective, and commensurate with the sensitivity of the Client Data and the complexity and scope of the activities of State Street pursuant to the Agreement.
c.Security Controls Testing - State Street shall, on approximately an annual basis, engage an independent external party to conduct periodic reviews of State Street’s information security practices. State Street shall have a process to review and evaluate high risk findings resulting from this testing.
3.Security Controls.
Annually, upon Client’s reasonable request, State Street shall provide Client’s Chief Information Security Officer or his or her designee with a copy of its corporate information security controls that form the basis for State Street’s Security Policy and an opportunity to discuss State Street’s information security measures with a qualified member of State Street’s information technology management team. State Street shall review its Security Policy annually.
4.Organizational Security.
a.Responsibility - State Street shall assign responsibility for information security management to senior personnel only.
b.Access - State Street shall permit only those personnel performing roles supporting the provision of services under the Agreement to access Client Data.
c.Confidentiality - State Street personnel who have accessed or otherwise been made known of Client Data shall maintain the confidentiality of such information in accordance with the terms of the Agreement.
d.Training - State Street will provide information security training to its personnel on approximately an annual basis.
5.Asset Management.
a.Data Sensitivity - State Street acknowledges that it understands the sensitivity of Client Data.
b.External Hosting Facilities – State Street shall implement controls, consistent with applicable prevailing industry practices and standards, regarding the collection, use, storage and/or disclosure of Client Data by an external hosting provider.
6.Physical Security.
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a.Securing Physical Facilities - State Street shall maintain systems located in State Street facilities that host Client Data or provide services under the Agreement in an environment that is designed to be physically secure and to allow access only to authorized individuals. A secure environment includes the availability of onsite security personnel on a 24 x 7 basis or equivalent means of monitoring locations supporting the delivery of services under the Agreement.
b.Physical Security of Media - State Street shall implement controls, consistent with applicable prevailing industry practices and standards, that are designed to deter the unauthorized viewing, copying, alteration or removal of any media containing Client Data. Removable media on which Client Data is stored (including thumb drives, CDs, and DVDs, and PDAS) by State Street must be encrypted using at least 256 bit AES (or equivalent).
c.Media Destruction - State Street shall destroy removable media and any mobile device (such as discs, USB drives, DVDs, back-up tapes, laptops and PDAs) containing Client Data or use commercially reasonable efforts to render Client Data on such physical media unintelligible if such media or mobile device is no longer intended to be used. All backup tapes that are not destroyed must meet the level of protection described in this Security Addendum until destroyed.
d.Paper Destruction - State Street shall cross shred all paper waste containing Client Data and dispose in a secure and confidential manner.
7.Communications and Operations Management.
a.Network Penetration Testing - State Street shall, on approximately an annual basis, contract with an independent third party to conduct a network penetration test on its network having access to or holding or containing Client Data. State Street shall have a process to review and evaluate high risk findings resulting from this testing.
b.Data Protection During Transmission - State Street shall encrypt, using an industry recognized encryption algorithm, personally identifiable Client Data when in transit across public networks.
c.Data Loss Prevention - State Street shall implement a data leakage program that is designed to identify, detect, monitor and document Client Data leaving State Street’s control without authorization in place.
d.Malicious Code – State Street shall implement controls that are designed to detect the introduction or intrusion of malicious code on information systems handling or holding Client Data and implement a process for removing said malicious code from information systems handling or holding Client Data.
8.Access Controls.
a.Authorized Access - State Street shall have controls that are designed to maintain the logical separation such that access to systems hosting Client Data and/or being used to provide services to Client will uniquely identify each individual requiring access, grant access only to authorized personnel based on the principle of least privileges, and prevent unauthorized access to Client Data.
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Information Classification: Limited Access36 |
b.User Access - State Street shall have a process to promptly disable access to Client Data by any State Street personnel who no longer requires such access. State Street will also promptly remove access of Client personnel upon receipt of notification from Client.
c.Authentication Credential Management - State Street shall communicate authentication credentials to users in a secure manner, with a proof of identity check of the intended users.
d.Multi-Factor Authentication for Remote Access - State Street shall use multi factor authentication and a secure tunnel, or another strong authentication mechanism, when remotely accessing State Street’s internal network.
9.Use of Laptop and Mobile Devices in connection with the Agreement.
a.Encryption Requirements - State Street shall encrypt any laptops or mobile devices (e.g., Blackberries, PDAs) containing Client Data used by State Street’s personnel using an industry recognized encryption algorithm with at least 256 bit encryption AES (or equivalent). .
b.Secure Storage - State Street shall require that all laptops and mobile devices be securely stored whenever out of the personnel’s immediate possession.
c.Inactivity Timeout - State Street shall employ access and password controls as well as inactivity timeouts of no longer than thirty (30) minutes on laptops, desktops and mobile devices managed by State Street and used by State Street’s personnel.
d.State Street shall maintain the ability to remotely remove Client Data promptly from mobile devices managed by State Street.
10.Information Systems Acquisition Development and Maintenance.
a.Client Data – Client Data shall only be used by State Street for the purposes specified in the Agreement.
b.Virus Management - State Street shall maintain a malware protection program designed to deter malware infections, detect the presence of malware within the State Street environment, and recover from any impact caused by malware.
11.Incident Event and Communications Management.
a.Incident Management/Notification of Breach - State Street shall develop and implement an incident response plan that specifies actions to be taken when State Street or one of its subcontractors suspects or detects that a party has gained material unauthorized access to Client Data or systems or applications containing any Client Data (the “Response Plan”). Such Response Plan shall include the following:
i.Escalation Procedures - An escalation procedure that includes notification to senior managers and appropriate reporting to regulatory and law enforcement agencies. This procedure shall provide for reporting of incidents that compromise the confidentiality of Client Data (including backed up data) to Client via telephone or email (and provide a confirmatory notice in writing as
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soon as practicable); provided that the foregoing notice obligation is excused for such period of time as State Street is prohibited by law, rule, regulation or other governmental authority from notifying Client.
ii.Incident Reporting - State Street will use commercially reasonable efforts to promptly furnish to Client information that State Street has regarding the general circumstances and extent of such unauthorized access.
iii.Investigation and Prevention - State Street shall reasonably assist Client in investigating of any such unauthorized access and shall use commercially reasonable efforts to:
(A) cooperate with Client in its efforts to comply with statutory notice or other legal obligations applicable to Client or its clients arising out of unauthorized access and to seek injunctive or other equitable relief; (B) cooperate with Client in litigation and investigations against third parties reasonably necessary to protect its proprietary rights; and (C) take reasonable actions necessary to prevent mitigate against loss from any such authorized access.
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Information Classification: Limited Access38 |
Appendix C
QFC Addendum
Opt-In to U.S. Special Resolution Regime. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Agreement or any other agreement, the parties hereto expressly acknowledge and agree that:
(a) In the event the Custodian becomes subject to a proceeding under a U.S. Special Resolution Regime, the transfer or assignment of this Agreement (and any interest and obligation in or under, and any property securing, this Agreement) by the Custodian will be effective to the same extent as the transfer would be effective under the U.S. Special Resolution Regime if this Agreement (and any interest and obligation in or under, and any property securing, this Agreement) were governed by the laws of the United States or a state of the United States; and
(b) In the event the Custodian or an Affiliate of the Custodian becomes subject to a proceeding under a U.S. Special Resolution Regime, Default Rights with respect to this Agreement that may be exercised against the Custodian are permitted to be exercised to no greater extent than the Default Rights could be exercised under the U.S. Special Resolution Regime if this Agreement (and any interest and obligation in or under, and any property securing, this Agreement) were governed by the laws of the United States or a state of the United States.
Adherence to the ISDA Protocol. At such times as the parties to this Agreement have adhered to the ISDA Protocol and this Agreement is or is deemed modified or amended by the ISDA Protocol, the terms of the ISDA Protocol will supersede the terms of this QFC Addendum as included as part of this Agreement, and in the event of any inconsistency between this QFC Addendum and the ISDA Protocol, the ISDA Protocol will prevail.
Definitions. As used in this QFC Addendum:
“Affiliate” has the meaning given in section 2(k) of the Bank Holding Company Act (12 U.S.C. §1841(k)) and section 225.2(a) of the Federal Reserve Board's Regulation Y (12 CFR § 225.2(a)).
“Default Right” means any:
(i) right of a party, whether contractual or otherwise (including, without limitation, rights incorporated by reference to any other contract, agreement, or document, and rights afforded by statute, civil code, regulation, and common law), to liquidate, terminate, cancel, rescind, or accelerate such agreement or transactions thereunder, set off or net amounts owing in respect thereto (except rights related to same-day payment netting), exercise remedies in respect of collateral or other credit support or property related thereto (including the purchase and sale of property), demand payment or delivery thereunder or in respect thereof (other than a right or operation of a contractual provision arising solely from a change in the value of collateral or margin or a change in the amount of an economic exposure), suspend, delay, or defer payment or performance thereunder, or modify the obligations of a party thereunder, or any similar rights; and
(ii) right or contractual provision that alters the amount of collateral or margin that must be provided with respect to an exposure thereunder, including by altering any initial amount, threshold amount, variation margin, minimum transfer amount, the margin value of collateral, or any similar amount, that entitles a party to demand the return of any collateral or margin transferred by it to the other party or a custodian or that modifies a transferee's
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right to reuse collateral or margin (if such right previously existed), or any similar rights, in each case, other than a right or operation of a contractual provision arising solely from a change in the value of collateral or margin or a change in the amount of an economic exposure.
“ISDA” refers to the International Swaps and Derivatives Association, Inc.
“ISDA Protocol” means the ISDA 2018 U.S. Resolution Stay Protocol as published by ISDA as of July 31, 2018.
“U.S. Special Resolution Regime” means the Federal Deposit Insurance Act (12 U.S.C. §1811–1835a) and regulations promulgated thereunder and Title II of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (12 U.S.C. § 5381–5394) and regulations promulgated thereunder.
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ADMINISTRATIVE AND TRANSFER AGENCY SERVICES AGREEMENT
ADMINISTRATIVE AND TRANSFER AGENCY SERVICES AGREEMENT dated as of August 21, 2024, between Diamond Hill Securitized Credit Fund (the “Trust”), a Delaware statutory trust, and Diamond Hill Capital Management, Inc. (“DHCM”), an Ohio corporation.
WHEREAS, the Trust has been organized to operate as a closed-end management investment company registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940 (the “Act”); and
WHEREAS, the Trust has engaged DHCM to act as investment adviser to the Trust, and
WHEREAS, the Trust wishes to retain DHCM to perform certain administrative and transfer agency services as hereinafter described on behalf of the Trust; provided, however, that DHCM is authorized at its own expense to contract with other service providers to perform any or all of the administrative and transfer agency services hereinafter described; and
WHEREAS, DHCM wishes to provide, or arrange for the provision of, such services to the Trust under the conditions set forth below;
NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the promises and mutual covenants contained in this Agreement, the Trust and DHCM agree as follows:
1. Employment. The Trust, being duly authorized, hereby employs DHCM to perform the services described in this Agreement. DHCM shall perform such services upon the terms and conditions hereinafter set forth. Any services undertaken by DHCM pursuant to this Agreement, as well as any other activities undertaken by DHCM on behalf of the Trust pursuant hereto, shall at all times be subject to any directives of the Board of Trustees of the Trust.
2. Trust Administration and Fund Accounting. DHCM shall give the Trust the benefit of its best judgment, efforts and facilities in rendering its administrative services. DHCM shall at all times conform to: (i) all applicable provisions of the Act and any rules and regulations adopted thereunder, (ii) the provisions of the Registration Statement of the Trust under the Securities Act of 1933 and the Act as amended from time to time, (iii) the provisions of the Declaration of Trust and the By-Laws of the Trust, as each shall be amended from time to time and (iv) an other applicable provisions of state and federal law.
Subject to the direction and control of the Trust, DHCM shall supervise the Trust’s business affairs not otherwise supervised by other agents of the Trust. To the extent not otherwise the primary responsibility of, or provided by, other parties under agreement with the Trust, DHCM shall supply (i) non-investment related statistical and research data, (ii) internal regulatory compliance services, (iii) executive and administrative services, and (iv) fund accounting services as further described in Schedule C. DHCM shall supervise the preparation of (i) tax returns, (ii) reports to the shareholders of the Fund, (iii) reports to and filings with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”), state securities commissions and Blue
Sky authorities including preliminary and definitive proxy materials and post-effective amendments to the Trust’s registration statement, and (iv) necessary materials for the Trust if so elected by the Board of Trustees. Executive and administrative services include, but are not limited to, the coordination of all third parties furnishing services to the Trust, review of the books and records of the Trust maintained by such third parties, and the review and submission to the officers of the Trust for their approval, of invoices or other requests of payment of Trust expenses; and such other action with respect to the Trust as may be necessary in the opinion of DHCM to perform its duties hereunder.
3. Transfer Agency. DHCM shall perform all such transfer agency services and duties as are customary and necessary in the industry, including but not limited to services further described in Schedule D.
4. Allocation of Charges and Expenses. DHCM will pay all operating expenses of the Trust not specifically assumed by the Trust, including without limitation the compensation and expenses of any employees of the Trust and of any other persons rendering any services to the Trust, unless the Trust otherwise agrees to pay; clerical and shareholder service staff salaries; office space and other office expenses; fees and expenses incurred by the Trust in connection with membership in investment company organizations; legal, auditing and accounting expenses; expenses of registering shares under federal and state securities laws, including expenses incurred by a Fund in connection with the organization and initial registration of shares of that Fund; insurance expenses; fees and expenses of the transfer agent, dividend disbursing agent, shareholder service agent, plan agent, administrator (excluding fees and expenses payable to DHCM under this Agreement), accounting and pricing services agent and principal underwriter of the Trust; expenses, including clerical expenses, of issue, sale, redemption or repurchase of shares of the Fund; the cost printing or preparing any documents, statements or reports to shareholders, unless otherwise noted; and all other operating expenses not specifically assumed by the Trust.
The Trust will be directly responsible for payment of the fees and expenses of the custodian, all brokerage fees and commissions, taxes, borrowing costs (such as (a) interest and (b) dividend expenses on securities sold short), expenses related to conducting shareholders’ meetings and proxy solicitations (including the preparation and delivery of proxy materials), and such extraordinary or non-recurring expenses as may arise, including litigation to which a Fund or the Trust may be a party and indemnification of the Trust's trustees and officers with respect thereto. The Trust will also pay the fees paid pursuant to its Investment Management Agreement between DHCM and the Trust, and all expenses which it is authorized to pay pursuant the Distribution and Servicing Plan. DHCM may obtain reimbursement from the Fund, at such time or times as DHCM may determine in its sole discretion, for any of the expenses advanced by DHCM, which the Trust is obligated to pay, and such reimbursement shall not be considered to be part of DHCM’s compensation pursuant to this Agreement.
5. Record Keeping and Other Information. DHCM shall create and maintain all necessary records in accordance with all applicable laws, rules and regulations, including but not limited to records required by Section 31(a) of the Act and the rules thereunder, as the same may
be amended from time to time, pertaining to the various functions performed by it and not otherwise created and maintained by another party pursuant to contract with the Trust. Where applicable, such records shall be maintained by DHCM for the periods and in the places required by Rule 31a-2 under the Act.
6. Audit, Inspection and Visitation. DHCM shall make available to the Trust during regular business hours all records and other data created and maintained pursuant to the foregoing provisions of this Agreement for reasonable audit and inspection by the Trust or any regulatory agency having authority over the Trust.
7. Compensation. For the performance of DHCM's obligations under this Agreement, the Fund shall pay DHCM a fee as set forth on Schedule B attached hereto, as each schedule may be amended from time to time, on the first business day following the end of each month.
The average value of the daily net assets of the different classes of shares of the Fund shall be determined pursuant to the applicable provisions of the Agreement and Declaration of Trust of the Trust or a resolution of the Board, if required. If, pursuant to such provisions, the determination of net asset value of a Fund is suspended for any particular business day, then for the purposes of this paragraph, the value of the net assets of a Fund as last determined shall be deemed to be the value of the net assets as of the close of the business day, or as of such other time as the value of a Fund's net assets may lawfully be determined, on that day. If the determination of the net asset value of a Fund has been suspended for a period including such month, DHCM’s compensation payable at the end of such month shall be computed on the basis of the value of the net assets of that Fund as last determined (whether during or prior to such month).
8. Limitation of Liability. DHCM may rely on information reasonably believed by it to be accurate and reliable. Except as may otherwise be required by the Act or the rules thereunder, neither DHCM nor its shareholders, officers, directors, employees, agents, control persons or affiliates of any thereof (collectively, the "DHCM Employees") shall be subject to any liability for, or any damages, expenses or losses incurred by the Trust in connection with, any error of judgment, mistake of law, any act or omission in connection with or arising out of any services rendered under or payments made pursuant to this Agreement or any other matter to which this Agreement relates, except by reason of willful misfeasance, bad faith or gross negligence on the part of any such persons in the performance of the duties of DHCM under this Agreement or by reason of reckless disregard by any of such persons of the obligations and duties of DHCM under this Agreement. Any person, even though also a director, officer, employee, shareholder or agent of DHCM, who may be or become an officer, trustee, employee or agent of the Trust, shall be deemed, when rendering services to the Trust or acting on any business of the Trust (other than services or business in connection with DHCM's duties hereunder), to be rendering such services to or acting solely for the Trust and not as a director, officer, employee, shareholder or agent, or one under the control or direction of DHCM, even though paid by it.
9. Indemnification of DHCM. Subject to and except as otherwise provided in the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and the Act, the Trust shall indemnify DHCM and each DHCM Employee (hereinafter collectively referred to as a "Covered Person") against all liabilities, including but not limited to amounts paid in satisfaction of judgments, in compromise or as fines and penalties, and expenses, including reasonable accountants' and counsel fees, incurred by any Covered Person in connection with the defense or disposition of any action, suit or other proceeding, whether civil or criminal, before any court or administrative or legislative body, in which such Covered Person may be or may have been involved as a party or otherwise or with which such person may be or may have been threatened, while serving as the administrator for the Trust or as a DHCM Employee, or, thereafter, by reason of being or having been the administrator for the Trust or a DHCM Employee, including but not limited to liabilities arising due to any misrepresentation or misstatement in the Trust's prospectus, other regulatory filings, and amendments thereto, or in other documents originating from the Trust. In no case shall a Covered Person be indemnified against any liability to which such Covered Person would otherwise be subject by reason of willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of the duties of such Covered Person.
10. Services for Others. Nothing in this Agreement shall prevent DHCM or any affiliated person of DHCM from providing services for any other person, firm or corporation, including other investment companies; provided, however, that DHCM expressly represents that it will undertake no activities which, in its judgment, will adversely affect the performance of its obligations to the Trust under this Agreement.
11. Compliance with the Act. The parties hereto acknowledge and agree that nothing contained herein shall be construed to require DHCM to perform any services pursuant to this Agreement for any series of the Trust which services could cause DHCM to be deemed an "investment adviser" of the Fund within the meaning of Section 2(a)(20) of the Act or to supersede or contravene the Prospectus or Statement of Additional Information of any series of the Trust or any provisions of the Act and the rules thereunder.
12. Renewal and Termination. This Agreement shall become effective on the date first above written and shall remain in force until August 31, 2025, and from year to year thereafter, but only so long as such continuance is specifically approved at least annually by the vote of a majority of the Trustees who are not interested persons of the Trust or DHCM and by a vote of a majority of the Board of Trustees. This Agreement may be terminated without the payment of any penalty by either party upon sixty (60) days' written notice to the other party. Upon the termination of this Agreement, the Trust shall pay DHCM such compensation as may be payable for the period prior to the effective date of such termination.
13. Limitation of Liability to Trust Property. It is expressly agreed that the obligations of the Trust hereunder shall not be binding upon any of the Trustees, shareholders, nominees, officers, agents or employees of the Trust personally, but bind only the property of the Trust, as provided in the Trust’s declaration of trust. The execution and delivery of this Agreement have been authorized by the Trustees of the Trust and signed by officers of the Trust, acting as such, and neither such authorization by such Trustees nor such execution and delivery
by such officers shall be deemed to have been made by any of them individually or to impose any liability on any of them personally, but shall bind only the property of the Trust. A copy of the Trust’s certificate of trust is on file with the Secretary of the State of Delaware.
14. Privacy. DHCM acknowledges that certain information made available to it hereunder may be deemed nonpublic personal information under the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act, other U.S. or state privacy laws, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder (collectively, the “Privacy Laws”). DHCM agrees: (i) not to disclose or use such information except as required to carry out DHCM's duties under this Agreement or as otherwise permitted by the Privacy Laws in its ordinary course of business, (ii) to establish and maintain physical, electronic and procedural safeguards reasonably designed to protect the security, confidentiality and integrity of, and to prevent unauthorized access to or use of such nonpublic personal information and (iii) to comply with such Privacy Laws.
15. Miscellaneous. Each party agrees to perform such further acts and execute such further documents as are necessary to effectuate the purposes hereof. This Agreement shall be construed and enforced in accordance with and governed by the laws of the State of Ohio. The captions in this Agreement are included for convenience of reference only and in no way define or delimit any of the provisions hereof or otherwise affect their construction or effect.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties have duly executed this Agreement as of the day and year first above written.
Diamond Hill Securitized Credit Fund
By: ___________________________
Jo Ann Quinif
Its: President
Diamond Hill Capital Management, Inc.
By: ____________________________
Thomas E. Line
Its: Chief Financial Officer
Schedule B
to Administrative and Transfer Agency Services Agreement
between
Diamond Hill Securitized Credit Fund
and
Diamond Hill Capital Management, Inc.
dated
August 21, 2024
The Diamond Hill Securitized Credit Fund shall pay DHCM a fee at an annual rate as stated in the table below of the average daily net assets of the respective class of the Fund.
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Class A | Class I | Class R |
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0.50% | 0.50% | 0.10% |
The effective date of this Schedule B is August 21, 2024.
Diamond Hill Securitized Credit Fund Diamond Hill Capital Management, Inc.
By: /s/Jo Ann Quinif By: /s/Thomas E. Line
Jo Ann Quinif Thomas E. Line
President Chief Financial Officer
Schedule C
Fund Accounting Services
DHCM shall provide the services listed on this Schedule C to the Trust, subject to the terms and conditions of the Agreement (including the Schedules).
I. Services
1. Record Maintenance
Maintain the following books and records of the Fund pursuant to Rule 31a-1 (the “Rule”) under the 1940 Act:
(a)Journals containing an itemized daily record in detail of all purchases and sales of securities, all receipts and disbursements of cash and all other debits and credits, as required by subsection (b)(1) of the Rule.
(b)General and auxiliary ledgers reflecting all asset, liability, reserve, capital, income and expense accounts, including interest accrued and interest received, as required by subsection (b)(2)(i) of the Rule.
(c)Separate ledger accounts required by subsection (b)(2)(ii) and (iii) of the Rule.
(d)A monthly trial balance of all ledger accounts (except shareholder accounts) as required by subsection (b)(8) of the Rule.
2. Accounting Services
Perform the following accounting services for the Fund:
(a)Allocate income and expense and calculate the net asset value per share (“NAV”) of each class of shares offered by each Fund in accordance with the relevant provisions of the applicable Prospectus of each Fund and applicable regulations under the 1940 Act.
(b)Apply securities pricing information as required or authorized under the terms of the valuation policies and procedures of the Trust or a Fund (“Valuation Procedures”), including (A) pricing information from independent pricing services, with respect to securities for which market quotations are readily available, (B) if applicable to the Trist, fair value pricing information or adjustment factors from independent fair value pricing services or other vendors approved by the Trust (collectively, “Fair Value Information Vendors”) with respect to securities for which market quotations are not readily available, for which a significant event has occurred following the close of the relevant market but prior to the Fund’s pricing time, or which are otherwise required to be made subject to a fair value determination under the Valuation Procedures, and (C) prices obtained from the Trust or other designee, as approved by the Board.
(c)Coordinate the preparation of reports that are prepared or provided by Fair Value Information Vendors which help the Trust to monitor and evaluate its use of fair value pricing information under its Valuation Procedures.
(d)Verify and reconcile with the Trust’s custodian all daily trade activity.
(e)Compute, as appropriate, each Fund’s net income and capital gains, dividend payables, dividend factors, 7-day yields, 7-day effective yields, 30-day yields, and weighted average portfolio maturity; (and other yields or standard or non-standard performance information as mutually agreed).
(f)Review daily the net asset value calculation and dividend factor (if any) for each Fund prior to release to shareholders, check and confirm the net asset values and dividend factors for reasonableness and deviations, and distribute net asset values and yields to NASDAQ; and as agreed, in certain cases, to newspapers.
(g)Determine and report unrealized appreciation and depreciation on securities.
(h)Amortize premiums and accrete discounts on fixed income securities purchased at a price other than face value, in accordance with the Generally Accepted Accounting Principles of the United States or any successor principles.
(i)Update fund accounting system to reflect rate changes, as received from the Trust or a third party vendor, on variable interest rate instruments.
(j)Post Fund transactions to appropriate categories.
(k)Accrue expenses of each Fund according to instructions received from the Trust, and submit changes to accruals and expense items to authorized officers of the Trust for review and approval.
(l)Determine the outstanding receivables and payables for all (1) security trades, (2) Fund share transactions and (3) income and expense accounts.
(m)Provide accounting reports in connection with the Trust’s regular annual audit, and other audits and examinations by regulatory agencies.
(n)Provide such periodic reports as the parties shall agree upon.
(o)Assist the Trust in identifying instances where market prices are not readily available, or are unreliable, each as set forth within parameters included in the Valuation Procedures.
(p)Provide web based access to fund accounting reporting systems.
3. Financial Statements and Regulatory Filings
Perform the following services related to the financial statements and related regulatory filing obligations for the Fund:
(a)Provide monthly a hard copy of the unaudited financial statements described below, upon request of the Trust. The unaudited financial statements will include the following items:
(i)Unaudited Statement of Assets and Liabilities,
(ii)Unaudited Statement of Operations,
(iii)Unaudited Statement of Changes in Net Assets, and
(iv)Unaudited Condensed Financial Information
(b)Provide accounting information for the following: (in compliance with Reg. S-X, as applicable):
(i)federal and state income tax returns and federal excise tax returns;
(ii)the Trust’s semi-annual reports with the SEC on Form N-CSR;
(iii)the Trust’s schedules of investments for filing with the SEC on Form N-PORT;
(iv)the Trust’s annual and semi-annual shareholder reports and quarterly Board meetings
(v)registration statements on Form N-2 and other filings relating to the registration of shares;
(vi)reports related to DHCM or its designee’s monitoring of each Fund’s status as a regulated investment company under Subchapter M of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended;
(vii)annual audit by the Trust’s auditors;
(viii)examinations performed by the SEC; and
(ix)proxy statements and other Shareholder communications.
(c)Calculate turnover and expense ratio.
(d)Prepare schedule of Capital Gains and Losses.
(e)Provide daily cash report.
(f)Maintain and report security positions and transactions in accounting system.
(g)Prepare Broker Commission Report.
(h)Monitor expense limitations.
(i)Maintain list of failed trades.
(j)Provide unrealized gain/loss report.
Schedule D
Transfer Agency Services
I. Services
DHCM shall provide the services listed on this Schedule D to the Trust, subject to the terms and conditions of the Agreement (including the Schedules).
1.Shareholder Transactions
(a)Process shareholder purchase and redemption orders.
(b)Set up account information, including address, dividend option, taxpayer identification numbers and wire instructions.
(c)Issue confirmations for purchases, redemptions and other confirmable transactions.
(d)Issue periodic statements for shareholders.
(e)Process transfers and exchanges.
(f)Process dividend payments, including the purchase of new shares, through dividend reimbursement.
(g)Where applicable, process redemption fee as stated in the Fund Prospectus.
(h)Provide personnel to respond to telephone inquiries from dealers, shareholders and prospective shareholders. Provide assistance to sales representatives with establishing accounts.
(i)Research/resolve account documentation issues
(j)Assist with shareholder and tax form questions
(k)Provide 24 hour voice-response system.
1.Recordkeeping
(a)Post shareholder transactions to recordkeeping system
(b)Balance daily transaction activity
(c)Gain/loss tracking and billing
(d)Fund NAV processing
(e)Manage daily ACH transmissions
(f)Image inbound mail/fax documentation
(g)Reconcile Demand Deposit Accounts
(h)Process NSCC activity, support full NCSS networking
(i)Complete cash settlement between Trust, custodians, NSCC and shareholders
(j)Track and report sales activity
(k)Communicate/coordinate fund corporate action events
(l)Monitor/report suspicious activity (SAR filings)
(m)Monitor/report OFAC compliance
(n)Provide services for compliance filings (TA-1, TA-2, 17AD 13/15/16, etc.)
(o)Monitor cash equivalents and provide reporting on IRS Form 8300
2.Shareholder Information Services
(a)Produce detailed history of transactions through duplicate or special order statements upon request.
(b)Provide mailing labels for distribution of financial reports, prospectuses, proxy statements or marketing material to current shareholders, upon request.
3.Compliance Reporting
(a)Provide reports to the Securities and Exchange Commission and the states in which the Fund is registered.
(b)Prepare and distribute appropriate Internal Revenue Service forms for corresponding Fund and shareholder income and capital gains.
(c)Issue tax withholding reports to the Internal Revenue Service.
4.Dealer/Load Processing
(a)Where appropriate information is provided, process purchases made under the rights of accumulation or a Letter of Intent privileges at the appropriate breakpoint.
(b)Calculate/distribute fees due under distribution and servicing plans for distribution and marketing expenses at the direction of the Client or the Fund’s distributor.
(c)Provide for payment of commission on direct shareholder purchases in a load fund.
5.Shareholder Account Maintenance
(a)Maintain all shareholder records for each account in the Trust.
(b)Issue customer statements on scheduled cycle, providing duplicate second and third party copies if required.
(c)Record shareholder account information changes.
(d)Maintain account documentation files for each shareholder.
(e)Handle shareholder correspondence including complaints. The process for handling complaints shall be mutually agreed upon by the Trust, DHCM and the Trust’s distributor.
6.System Access
Provide the Trust with on-line access to shareholder information, including transactions, account balances and other account information.
7.Blue Sky Services
(a) Prepare such reports, applications and documents (including reports regarding the sale and redemption of shares in the Trust as required in order to comply with Federal and state securities laws) to register the shares of the Fund (“Shares”) with state securities authorities, monitor the sale of Shares for compliance with state securities laws, and file with the appropriate state securities authorities the registration statements and reports for the Trust and the Shares and all amendments thereto, to register and keep effective the registration of the Trust and the Shares with state securities authorities to enable the Trust to make a continuous offering of their Shares pursuant to Service Provider’s state registration, renewal and sales reporting Rule 38a-1 Compliance Procedures, which shall be made available to the Trust upon request.
(b) The Trust shall be responsible for identifying to DHCM in writing those transactions and assets to be treated as exempt from reporting for each state and territory of the United States and for each foreign jurisdiction.
(c) After receipt of funds from the Trust, make payments on behalf of the Trust for all filing fees.
(d) Coordinate and address all blue sky inquiries from states related to DHCM’s Services.
9. Anti-Money Laundering Services
In each case consistent with and as required or permitted by the written anti-money laundering program (“AML Program”) of the Trust:
(a)Where appropriate and information is available, take reasonable measures to verify shareholder identity upon opening new accounts.
(b)Monitor, identify and report shareholder transactions and identify and report suspicious activities that are required to be so identified and reported, and provide other required information to the SEC, the U.S. Treasury Department, the Internal Revenue Service or each agency’s designated agent.
(c)Place holds on transactions in shareholder accounts or freeze assets in shareholder accounts.
(d)Maintain records or other documentation related to shareholder accounts and transactions that are required to be prepared and maintained pursuant to the Trust’s AML Program, and make the same available to the Trust, the individual appointed as the Trust’s anti-money laundering compliance officer (“AML Compliance Officer”), the Trust’s auditors and regulatory or law enforcement authorities.
(e)Review Shareholder names against lists of suspected terrorist and terrorist organizations supplied by various governmental organizations, such as the Office of Foreign Asset Control.
MASTER SERVICES AGREEMENT
This Master Services Agreement (this “Agreement”), dated August 1, 2024, is between Diamond Hill Capital Management Inc., an Ohio corporation, adviser, administrator and transfer agent (“Administrator”) to one or more closed-end interval funds (each, a “Trust”, and collectively, the “Trusts”), each a Delaware statutory trust, and Ultimus Fund Solutions, LLC (“Ultimus”), a limited liability company organized under the laws of the State of Ohio. Each of the Administrator and Ultimus, a “party”, and together, the “parties”.
Background
The Trusts are each continuously offered, closed-end management investment companies registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “1940 Act”), and the Administrator desires that Ultimus perform certain services for each Trust listed on Schedule A. Ultimus is willing to perform such services on the terms and conditions set forth in this Agreement.
Terms and Conditions
1.Retention of Ultimus
The Administrator retains Ultimus to act as the service provider on behalf of each Trust for the services set forth in each Addendum selected below (collectively, the “Services”), which are incorporated by reference into this Agreement. Ultimus accepts such employment to perform the selected Services.
☒ Sub-Trust Accounting Addendum
☒ Sub-Trust Administration Addendum
☒ Sub-Transfer Agent and Shareholder Servicing Addendum
2.Allocation of Charges and Expenses
2.1.Ultimus shall furnish at its own expense the executive, supervisory, and clerical personnel necessary to perform its obligations under this Agreement. If applicable, Ultimus shall also pay all compensation of any officers of the Trusts who are affiliated persons of Ultimus, except when such person is serving as a Trust’s chief compliance officer.
2.2.The Administrator, on behalf of each Trust, assumes and shall pay or cause to be paid all expenses of the Trust not otherwise specifically assumed by the Trust as may be detailed from time to time in agreements between the Trust and Administrator.
3.Compensation
3.1.The Administrator, on behalf of each Trust, shall pay for the Services to be provided by Ultimus under this Agreement in accordance with, and in the manner set forth in, the fee schedule attached to each addendum (each a “Fee Schedule”), which may be amended from time to time. Each Fee Schedule is incorporated by reference into this Agreement.
3.2.If this Agreement terminates before the last day of a month, Ultimus’ compensation for that part of the month in which the Agreement is in effect shall be prorated in a manner consistent with the calculation of the fees as set forth in the applicable Fee Schedule. The Administrator shall promptly pay Ultimus’ compensation for the preceding month.
3.3.In the event that the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”), Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc. (“FINRA”), or any other regulator or self-regulatory authority adopts regulations and requirements relating to the payment of fees to service providers or which would result in any material increases in costs to provide the Services under this Agreement, the parties agree to negotiate in good faith amendments to this Agreement in order to comply with such requirements and provide for additional compensation for Ultimus as mutually agreed to by the parties.
3.4.In the event that any fees are disputed, the Administrator shall, on or before the due date, pay all undisputed amounts due hereunder and notify Ultimus in writing of any disputed fees which it is disputing in good faith. Payment for such disputed fees shall be due on or before the tenth (10th) business day after the day on which Ultimus provides to the Administrator documentation which both reasonably and in good faith supports the disputed charges and is agreeable to Ultimus and the Administrator.
4.Reimbursement of Expenses
In addition to paying Ultimus the fees described in each Fee Schedule, the Administrator, on behalf of each Trust, agrees to reimburse Ultimus for its actual out-of-pocket expenses in providing services hereunder, if applicable, including without limitation the following:
4.1.Reasonable travel and lodging expenses incurred by officers and employees of Ultimus in connection with attendance at meetings of each Trust’s Board of Trustees (the “Board”) or any Committee thereof and shareholders’ meetings;
4.2.All freight and other delivery charges incurred by Ultimus in delivering materials on behalf of the Administrator;
4.3.All direct telephone, telephone transmission and telecopy or other electronic transmission expenses incurred by Ultimus in communication with shareholders;
4.4.The direct cost of electronic or other methods of storing records and materials;
4.5.All fees and expenses approved by the Administrator in advance incurred in connection with any direct licensing of software, subscriptions to databases, custom programming or systems modifications specific to a Trust required to provide any special reports or services requested by the Administrator;
4.6.Any expenses Ultimus shall incur at the direction of an officer of any Trust thereunto duly authorized other than an employee or other affiliated person of Ultimus who may otherwise be named as an authorized representative of that Trust for certain purposes;
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4.7.Any additional expenses reasonably incurred by Ultimus in the performance of its duties and obligations under this Agreement as agreed upon with the Administrator.
5.Maintenance of Books and Records; Record Retention
5.1.Ultimus shall maintain and keep current the accounts, books, records and other documents relating to the Services as may be required by applicable law, rules, and regulations, including Federal Securities Laws as defined under Rule 38a-1 under the 1940 Act.
5.2.Ownership of Records
A.Ultimus agrees that all such books, records, and other data (except computer programs and procedures) developed to perform the Services (collectively, “Client Records”) shall be the property of the Administrator or the relevant Trust.
B.Ultimus agrees to provide the Client Records of the Administrator or the Trusts upon reasonable request, and to make such books and records available for inspection by the Administrator, the Trusts, or their regulators at reasonable times.
C.Ultimus agrees to furnish to the Administrator or the Trusts, at a maximum expense of $10,000 to the Administrator or the Trusts, all Client Records in electronic or other medium in which such material is then maintained by Ultimus as soon as practicable after any termination of this Agreement. Unless otherwise required by applicable law, rules, or regulations, Ultimus shall promptly turn over to the Administrator or the Trusts or, upon the written request of the Administrator or the Trusts, destroy the Client Records maintained by Ultimus pursuant to this Agreement. If Ultimus is required by applicable law, rule, or regulation to maintain any Client Records, it will provide the Administrator or the Trusts with copies as soon as reasonably practical after the termination, and Ultimus will continue to maintain such Client Records in accordance with the privacy, confidentiality, and data protection requirements contained in this Agreement.
5.3.Ultimus agrees to keep confidential all Client Records, except when requested to divulge such information by duly constituted authorities or court process.
5.4.If Ultimus is requested or required to divulge such information by duly constituted authorities or court process, Ultimus shall, unless prohibited by Applicable Law, promptly notify the Administrator and/or the Trusts of such request(s) so that the Administrator and/or Trusts may seek an appropriate protective order.
6.Subcontracting
With the prior approval of the Administrator, Ultimus may, at its expense, subcontract with any entity or person concerning the provision of the Services; provided, however, that Ultimus shall not be relieved of any of its obligations under this Agreement by the appointment of such subcontractor and shall be responsible, to the extent provided in Section 10, for all acts of a subcontractor.
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7.Effective Date
7.1.This Agreement shall become effective as of the date first above written with respect to each Trust in existence on such date (or, if a particular Trust is not in existence on that date, on the date such Trust commences operation) (the “Agreement Effective Date”).
7.2.Each Addendum shall become effective as of the date first written in the Addendum with respect to each Trust in existence on such date (or, if a particular Trust is not in existence on that date, on the date such Trust commences operation) (together with the Agreement Effective Date, the “Addendum Effective Date”).
8.Term
8.1.Initial Term. This Agreement shall continue in effect, unless earlier terminated by either party as provided under this Section 8, for a period of three (3) years from the date first above written (the “Initial Term”).
8.2.Renewal Terms. Immediately following the Initial Term this Agreement shall automatically renew for successive one-year periods (a “Renewal Term”).
8.3.Termination. A party may terminate this Agreement under the following circumstances.
A.Termination for Good Cause. During the Initial Term or a Renewal Term, a party (the “Terminating Party”) may only terminate the Agreement against the other party (the “Non-Terminating Party”) for good cause. For purposes of this Agreement, “good cause” shall mean:
(1)a material breach of this Agreement by the Non-Terminating Party that has not been cured or remedied within 30 days after the Non-Terminating Party receives written notice of such breach from the Terminating Party;
(2)the Non-Terminating Party takes a position regarding compliance with Federal Securities Laws that the Terminating Party reasonably disagrees with, the Terminating Party provides 30 days’ prior written notice of such disagreement, and the parties fail to come to agreement on the position;
(3)a final and unappealable judicial, regulatory, or administrative ruling or order in which the Non-Terminating Party has been found guilty of criminal or unethical behavior in the conduct of its business;
(4)the authorization or commencement of, or involvement by way of pleading, answer, consent, or acquiescence in, a voluntary or involuntary case under the Bankruptcy Code of the United States Code, as then in effect.
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Should the termination of the Agreement be the result of a material breach by Ultimus, Ultimus will cooperate with and reasonably assist the Administrator in transitioning all Services to a new service provider without charging any fees for such transition assistance.
B.Out-of-Scope Termination. If the Administrator or the Trusts demands services that are beyond the scope of this Agreement and any incorporated Addendum, and the parties cannot agree on appropriate terms relating to such out-of-scope services, Ultimus may terminate this Agreement upon 60 days’ prior written notice.
C.End-of-Term Termination. A party can terminate this Agreement at the end of the Initial Term or a Renewal Term by providing written notice of termination to the other party at least 90 days prior to the end of the Initial Term or then-current Renewal Term.
D.Early Termination. Any termination by the Administrator or Trusts other than termination under Section 8.3.A-C or H is deemed an “Early Termination”. The Administrator that provides a notice of early termination is subject to an “Early Termination Fee” equal to the pro-rated fee amount due to Ultimus through the end of the then-current term as calculated in the applicable Fee Schedule.
E.Final Payment. Any unpaid compensation, reimbursement of expenses, or Early Termination Fee is due to Ultimus within 15 calendar days of the termination date provided in the notice of termination.
F.Transition. Upon termination of this Agreement, Ultimus will cooperate with any reasonable request of the Administrator or the Trusts to effect a prompt transition to a new service provider selected by the Administrator or the Trusts. Ultimus shall be entitled to collect from the Administrator, in addition to the compensation described in each applicable Fee Schedule, (1) the amount of all of Ultimus’ cash disbursements reasonably made for services in connection with Ultimus’ activities in effecting such termination, including without limitation, the delivery to the Trusts or their designees of the Trusts’ property, records, instruments, and documents, and (2) a reasonable de-conversion fee as mutually agreed to by the parties, not to exceed $25,000.
G.Liquidation. Upon termination of this Agreement due to the liquidation of the Trusts, Ultimus shall be entitled to collect from the Administrator, in addition to the compensation described in each applicable Fee Schedule, (1) the amount of all of Ultimus’ cash disbursements reasonably made for services in connection with Ultimus’ activities in effecting such termination, including without limitation, the delivery to the Trusts or their designees the Trusts’ property, records, instruments, and documents, and (2) a reasonable liquidation fee as mutually agreed to by the parties, not to exceed $25,000.
H.Partial Termination of Service. In the event that Ultimus discontinues, merges, or sells to a third party a material portion (i.e., a key operational business line material to this Agreement, such as Fund Accounting or Transfer Agency operations) of its fund services business that provides services to the Administrator and the Trusts under this Agreement,
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and therefore Ultimus no longer provides such service, the Administrator may, within 120 days of receiving written notice of the close of the event, immediately terminate this entire Agreement without penalty. Upon notice of such termination, Ultimus will cooperate with and reasonably assist the Administrator in transitioning all Services to a new service provider without charging any fees for such transition assistance.
Upon termination for any reason, Ultimus shall transfer to Administrator any toll-free telephone number that Ultimus obtained on behalf of the Administrator for shareholder calls.
8.4.No Waiver. Failure by either party to terminate this Agreement for a particular cause shall not constitute a waiver of its right to subsequently terminate this Agreement for the same or any other cause.
9.Additional Classes of Shares
In the event that Administrator becomes adviser, administrator and transfer agent to one or more closed-end interval funds after the Agreement Effective Date, each such fund shall become a Trust (if applicable), under this Agreement and shall be added to Schedule A.
10.Standard of Care; Limits of Liability; Indemnification
10.1.Standard of Care. Each party's duties are limited to those expressly set forth in this Agreement and the parties do not assume any implied duties. Each party shall use its best efforts in the performance of its duties and act in good faith and in accordance with at least a commercially reasonable standard of care in performing the Services or its obligations under this Agreement. Each party shall be liable for any damages, losses or costs arising directly or indirectly out of such party’s failure to perform its duties under this Agreement to the extent such damages, losses, or costs arise directly or indirectly out of its willful misfeasance, bad faith, or gross negligence in the performance of its duties, or reckless disregard of its obligations and duties hereunder.
10.2.Limits of Liability
A.Ultimus shall not be liable for any Losses (as defined in Section 10.3 below) arising from the following:
(1)Performing Services or duties pursuant to any instruction, notice, or other instrument that Ultimus reasonably believes to be genuine and to have been signed or presented by a duly authorized representative of the Administrator or the Trusts (other than an employee or other affiliated persons of Ultimus who may otherwise be named as an authorized representative of the Trusts for certain purposes);
(2)operating under its own initiative, in good faith and in accordance with the standard of care set forth herein, in performing its duties or the Services;
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(3)using valuation information provided by the Trusts’ approved third party pricing service(s) or their investment adviser(s) for the purpose of valuing a Trust’s portfolio holdings;
(4)any default, damages, costs, loss of data or documents, errors, delay, or other loss whatsoever caused by events beyond Ultimus’ reasonable control; and
(5)any error, action, or omission by the Administrator or other past or current service provider.
B.Ultimus may apply to the Administrator at any time for instructions and may consult with counsel for the Trusts, counsel for the Trusts’ independent Trustees, and with accountants and other experts with respect to any matter arising in connection with Ultimus' duties or the Services. Ultimus shall not be liable or accountable for any action taken or omitted by it in good faith in accordance with such instruction or with the reasonable opinion of such counsel and accountants to render such opinion
C.A copy of each Trust’s Declaration of Trust (the “Declaration of Trust”) is on file with the Secretary of State (or equivalent authority) of the state in which the relevant Trust is organized, and notice is hereby given that this instrument is executed on behalf of each Trust and not the Trustees individually and that the obligations of this instrument are not binding upon any of the Trustees, officers or shareholders individually but are binding only upon the assets and property of the relevant Trust , and Ultimus shall look only to the assets of the relevant Trust, for the satisfaction of such obligations.
D.Ultimus shall not be held to have notice of any change of authority of any officer, agent, representative or employee of any Trust, any Trust’s investment adviser or any of a Trust’s other service providers until receipt of written notice thereof from the Administrator. As used in this Agreement, the term “investment adviser” includes all sub-advisers or persons performing similar services.
E.The Board has and retains primary responsibility for oversight of all compliance matters relating to the Trusts including but not limited to compliance with the 1940 Act, the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Internal Revenue Code”), the USA PATRIOT Act of 2001, the Sarbanes Oxley Act of 2002 and the policies and limitations of each Trust relating to the portfolio investments as set forth in the prospectus and statement of additional information. Ultimus’ monitoring and other functions hereunder shall not relieve the Board of its primary day-to-day responsibility for overseeing such compliance.
F.If Ultimus’ failure to meet the standard of care in this Section 10 causes an NAV Difference (as defined in Section 10.2(F)(3) below), then Ultimus’ liability with respect to such NAV Differences shall be as follows:
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(1)During each NAV Error Period (as defined below) resulting from a NAV Difference that is at least $0.01 but that is less than 0.50%, Ultimus shall reimburse each applicable Trust for any net losses to the Trust; and
(2)During each NAV Error Period resulting from a NAV Difference that is at least 0.50%, Ultimus shall reimburse each applicable Trust on its own behalf and on behalf of each shareholder of such Trust for any losses experienced by the Trust or any Trust shareholder, as applicable, such as overpayment of repurchase proceeds or under purchase of shares; provided, that Ultimus’ reimbursement responsibility shall not exceed the lesser of (i) the net loss that the Trust incurs or (ii) the costs to the Trust of reprocessing the shareholder transactions during the NAV Error Period; provided, further, however, that Ultimus shall not be responsible for reimbursing reprocessing costs with respect to any shareholder that experiences an aggregate loss during any NAV Error Period of less than $25.
(3)For purposes of this section, (A) “NAV Difference” means the difference between the NAV at which a shareholder purchase or repurchase should have been effected (“Recalculated NAV”) and the NAV at which the purchase or repurchase was effected divided by Recalculated NAV; (B) “NAV Error Period” means any Trust business day or series of two or more consecutive Trust business days during which an NAV Difference of $0.01 or more exists; (C) NAV Differences and any Ultimus liability therefrom are to be calculated each time a Trust’s (or Class’) NAV is calculated; (D) in calculating any amount for which Ultimus would otherwise be liable under this Agreement for a particular NAV error, Trust (or Class) losses and gains shall be netted; and (E) in calculating any amount for which Ultimus would otherwise be liable under this Agreement for a particular NAV error that continues for a period covering more than one NAV determination, Fund (or Class) losses and gains for the period shall be netted
G.To the maximum extent permitted by law, the Administrator agrees to limit Ultimus’ liability for the Trust’s Losses to an amount that shall not exceed the total compensation received by Ultimus under this Agreement during the most recent rolling 12-month period or, if the Agreement is in effect for less than a year at the time of liability, then the most recent one-month period annualized. This limitation shall apply regardless of the cause of action or legal theory asserted. This limitation shall not apply to Section 10.2F of this Agreement.
H.In no event shall Ultimus be liable for trading losses, lost revenues, special, incidental, punitive, indirect, consequential or exemplary damages or lost profits, whether or not such damages were foreseeable or Ultimus was advised of the possibility thereof. The parties acknowledge that the other parts of this agreement are premised upon the limitation stated in this section.
10.3.Indemnification
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A.Each party (the “Indemnifying Party”) agrees to indemnify, defend, and protect the other party, including its trustees or directors, officers, employees, and other agents (collectively, the “Indemnitees”), and shall hold the Indemnitees harmless from and against any actions, suits, claims, losses, damages, liabilities, and reasonable costs, charges, expenses (including attorney fees and investigation expenses) (collectively, “Losses”) arising directly or indirectly out of (1) the Indemnifying Party’s failure to exercise the standard of care set forth above unless such Losses were caused in part by the Indemnitees own willful misfeasance, bad faith or gross negligence; (2) any violation of Applicable Law (defined below) by the Indemnifying Party or its affiliated persons or agents relating to this Agreement and the activities thereunder; and (3) any material breach by the Indemnifying Party or its affiliated persons or agents of this Agreement.
B.Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions, the Administrator shall indemnify Ultimus for Ultimus’ Losses arising from circumstances under Section 10.2.A.
C.Upon the assertion of a claim for which either party may be required to indemnify the other, the party seeking indemnification shall promptly notify the other party of such assertion, and shall keep the other party advised with respect to all developments concerning such claim. The party who may be required to indemnify shall have the option to participate with the party seeking indemnification in the defense of such claim or to defend against said claim in its own name or in the name of the other party. The party seeking indemnification shall in no case confess any claim or make any compromise in any case in which the other party may be required to indemnify it except with the other party’s prior written consent.
10.4.The provisions of this Section 10 shall survive termination of this Agreement.
11.Force Majeure.
Neither party will be liable for Losses, loss of data, delay of Services, or any other issues caused by events beyond its reasonable control, including, without limitation, delays by third party vendors and/or communications carriers, acts of civil or military authority, national emergencies, labor difficulties, fire, flood, catastrophe, acts of God, insurrection, war, riots, or (unless such failures are within Ultimus’ reasonable control) failure of the mails, transportation, communication, or power supply.
12.Representations and Warranties
12.1.Joint Representations. Each party represents and warrants, which representations and warranties shall be deemed to be continuing throughout the term of this Agreement, that:
(A)It is a corporation, partnership, trust, or other entity duly organized and validly existing in good standing under the laws of the jurisdiction in which it is organized.
(B)For the duties and responsibilities under this Agreement, it is currently and will continue to abide by all applicable federal and state laws, including without limitation federal and state securities laws; regulations, rules, and interpretations of the SEC and its authorized regulatory agencies and organizations, including FINRA; and all other self-regulatory
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organizations governing the transactions contemplated under this Agreement (collectively, “Applicable Law”).
(C)To the extent required by Applicable Law it is duly registered with all appropriate regulatory agencies or self-regulatory organizations and such registration will remain in full force and effect for the duration of this Agreement.
(D)It has duly authorized the execution and delivery of this Agreement and the performance of the transactions, duties, and responsibilities contemplated by the Agreement.
(E)This Agreement constitutes a legal obligation of the party, subject to bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium, and other laws of general application affecting the rights and remedies of creditors and secured parties.
(F)Whenever, in the course of performing its duties under this Agreement, it determines that a violation of Applicable Law has occurred, or that, to its knowledge, a possible violation of Applicable Law may have occurred, or with the passage of time could occur, it shall promptly notify the other party of such violation.
12.2.Representations of the Administrator. The Administrator represents and warrants, which representations and warranties shall be deemed to be continuing throughout the term of this Agreement, that:
(A)(1) as of the close of business on the Agreement Effective Date, each Trust that is then in existence has authorized unlimited shares, and (2) no shares of the Trust will be offered to the public until the Trust’s registration statement under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), and the 1940 Act has been declared or becomes effective.
(B)It shall cause the investment adviser(s), custodian, legal counsel, independent accountants, and other service providers and agents, past or present, for the Trust to cooperate with Ultimus and to provide it with such information, documents, and advice relating to the Trust and each Fund as appropriate or requested by Ultimus, in order to enable Ultimus to perform its duties and obligations under this Agreement.
(C)To the knowledge of the Administrator and the Trust, the Trust’s Agreement and Declaration of Trust, Bylaws, registration statement, and the Trust’s prospectus are true and accurate and will remain true and accurate at all times during the term of this Agreement in conformance with applicable federal and state securities laws.
(D)Each of the employees of Ultimus that may serve or has served at any time as an officer of the Trust, including the CCO, President, Treasurer, Secretary and the AML Compliance Officer, shall be covered by the Trust’s Directors & Officers/Errors & Omissions insurance policy (the “Policy”) and shall be subject to the provisions of the Trust’s Declaration of Trust and Bylaws regarding indemnification of its officers. The Administrator shall provide Ultimus with proof of current coverage, including a copy of
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the Policy, and shall notify Ultimus immediately should the Policy be cancelled or terminated.
(E)Any officer (authorized in Section 14.1(C)) of the Trust shall be considered an individual who is authorized to provide Ultimus with instructions and requests on behalf of the Trust (an “Authorized Person”) (unless such authority is limited in a writing from the Trust and received by Ultimus) and has the authority to appoint additional Authorized Persons, to limit or revoke the authority of any previously designated Authorized Person, and to certify to Ultimus the names of the Authorized Persons from time to time.
13.Insurance
13.1.Maintenance of Insurance Coverage. Each party agrees to maintain throughout the term of this Agreement professional liability insurance coverage of the type and amount reasonably customary in its industry. Upon request, a party shall furnish the other party with pertinent information concerning the professional liability insurance coverage that it maintains. Such information shall include the identity of the insurance carrier(s), coverage levels, and deductible amounts.
13.2.Notice of Claims. As it relates to the Services provided under this Agreement, each party shall notify the other party of any material claims against the notifying party under such insurance, whether or not the party is covered by insurance, and, if requested by the non-notifying party, the notifying party shall aggregate and disclose all outstanding claims against the notifying party.
13.3.Notice of Termination. A party shall promptly notify the other party should any of the notifying party’s insurance coverage be canceled or reduced. Such notification shall include the date of change and the reasons therefore.
14.Information Provided By The Administrator
14.1.Prior to the Agreement Effective Date. Prior to the Agreement Effective Date, the Administrator will furnish to Ultimus the following:
(A)copies of the Declaration of Trust and of any amendments thereto, certified by the proper official of the state in which such document has been filed;
(B)the Trust’s Bylaws and any amendments thereto;
(C)a list of all the officers of the Trust, together with specimen signatures of those officers who are authorized to instruct Ultimus in all matters;
(D)the Trust’s registration statement on Form N-2 and all amendments thereto filed with the SEC pursuant to the Securities Act and the 1940 Act;
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(E)an accurate current list of shareholders of each existing Trust, if applicable, showing each shareholder’s address of record, number of shares owned and whether such shares are represented by outstanding share certificates;
(F)copies of the current plan of distribution adopted by the Trust under Rule 12b-1 under the 1940 Act for each Trust, if applicable;
(G)copies of the current investment advisory agreement and current investment sub-advisory agreement, if applicable, for each Trust;
(H)copies of the current underwriting agreement for the Trust;
(I)contact information for the Trust’s service providers, including but not limited to, the Trust’s administrator, custodian, transfer agent, independent accountants, legal counsel, underwriter and chief compliance officer; and
(J)a copy of procedures adopted by the Trust in accordance with Rule 38a-1 under the 1940 Act.
14.2.After the Agreement Effective Date. After the Agreement Effective Date, the Administrator will furnish to Ultimus any amendments to the items listed in Section 14.1.
15.Compliance with Law
The Administrator assumes full responsibility for the preparation, contents, and distribution of each prospectus of a Trust and further agrees to comply with all applicable requirements of the Federal Securities Laws and any other Applicable Laws, rules and regulations of governmental authorities having jurisdiction over a Trust, including, but not limited to, the Internal Revenue Code, the USA PATRIOT Act of 2001, and the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, each as amended.
16.Privacy and Confidentiality
16.1.Definition of Confidential Information. The term “Confidential Information” shall mean all information that either party discloses (a “Disclosing Party”) to the other party (a “Receiving Party”), whether in writing, electronically, or orally and in any form (tangible or intangible), that is confidential, proprietary, or relates to clients or shareholders (each either existing or potential). Confidential Information includes, but is not limited to:
(A)any information concerning technology, such as systems, source code, databases, hardware, software, programs, applications, engaging protocols, routines, models, displays, and manuals;
(B)any unpublished information concerning research activities and plans, customers, clients, shareholders, strategies and plans, costs, operational techniques;
(C)any unpublished financial information, including information concerning revenues, profits and profit margins, and costs or expenses; and
Ultimus Master Services Agreement
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(D)Customer Information (as defined below).
Confidential Information is deemed confidential and proprietary to the Disclosing Party regardless of whether such information was disclosed intentionally or unintentionally, or marked appropriately.
16.2.Definition of Customer Information. Any Customer Information will remain the sole and exclusive property of the Trust. “Customer Information” shall mean all non-public, personally identifiable information as defined by Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act of 1999, as amended, and its implementing regulations (e.g., SEC Regulation S-P and Federal Reserve Board Regulation P) (collectively, the “GLB Act”).
16.3.Treatment of Confidential Information
(A)The Receiving Party agrees that at all times during and after the terms of this Agreement, it shall use, handle, collect, maintain, and safeguard Confidential Information in accordance with (1) the confidentiality and non-disclosure requirements of this Agreement; (2) the GLB Act, as applicable and as it may be amended; and (3) such other Applicable Law, whether in effect now or in the future.
(B)The Receiving Party agrees that:
(1)The Receiving Party will hold all Confidential Information it obtains in strictest confidence and will use and permit use of Confidential Information solely for the purposes of this Agreement;
(2)Without limiting the foregoing, the Receiving Party shall apply at least the same degree of reasonable care used for its own confidential and proprietary information to avoid disclosure or inappropriate use of Confidential Information under this Agreement;
(3)The Receiving Party may disclose or provide access only to its responsible employees or agents who have a need to know and are under adequate confidentiality agreements or arrangements, and the Receiving Party or its employees may make copies of Confidential Information only to the extent reasonably necessary to carry out the obligations under this Agreement. The Receiving Party will be responsible for any breach of this Agreement by any of its employees or agents to the same extent Receiving Party is responsible for its own breach, and Receiving Party agrees to take commercially reasonable measures to restrain its employees and agents from prohibited or unauthorized disclosure or use of the Confidential Information; and
(4)The Receiving Party will promptly notify the Disclosing Party of any unauthorized disclosure or use and will cooperate with the Disclosing Party to protect all proprietary rights in any Confidential Information.
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(C)In the event that the Receiving Party is requested or required by Applicable Law, regulation, subpoena, court order, inquiry or request from a court or an administrative or regulatory agency or self-regulatory organization having competent jurisdiction to disclose any of Disclosing Party’s Confidential Information, the Receiving Party will, to the extent legally permitted by Applicable Law, provide prompt notice of such request to the Disclosing Party and will use commercially reasonable efforts to resist disclosure, until an appropriate protective order may be sought, or a waiver of compliance with the provisions of this Agreement granted.
(D)If, in the absence of a protective order or the receipt of a waiver hereunder, the Receiving Party is nonetheless, upon the advice of its counsel, legally required to disclose Disclosing Party’s Confidential Information, then in such event, the Receiving Party may disclose such information without liability hereunder; provided that the disclosure is limited to only the Confidential Information specifically required to be disclosed under Applicable Law.
The Receiving Party hereby acknowledges and agrees that money damages would not be a sufficient remedy for any breach of this Section and that the Disclosing Party shall be entitled to seek injunctive or other equitable relief to remedy any such breach or threatened breach by Receiving Party. Such remedy shall not be deemed to be the exclusive remedy for any breach of this Agreement but shall be in addition to all other rights and remedies available at law or in equity.
16.4.Severability. This provision and the obligations under this Section 16 shall survive termination of the Agreement.
17.Non-Exclusivity
The services of Ultimus rendered to the Trust are not deemed to be exclusive. Except to the extent necessary to perform Ultimus’ obligations under this Agreement, nothing herein shall be deemed to limit or restrict Ultimus’ right, or the right of any of Ultimus’ managers, officers or employees who also may be a trustee, officer or employee of the Trust, or persons who are otherwise affiliated persons of the Trust to engage in any other business or to devote time and attention to the management or other aspects of any other business, whether of a similar or dissimilar nature, or to render services of any kind to any other person.
18.Arbitration
In the event of a dispute between or among the parties relating to or arising out of this Agreement or the relationship of the parties, the parties will submit the matter to arbitration in accordance with the rules and regulations of the Code of Arbitration Procedure adopted by FINRA. The parties further agree that any contract, agreement or understanding between a party and its designees shall contain a provision binding the designee to the terms of this Arbitration Section.
18.1.Arbitration will be held in accordance with the rules and regulations of the Code of Arbitration Procedure adopted by FINRA, except (a) in the event that FINRA is unwilling to accept jurisdiction of the matter, such arbitration will be held in accordance with the rules and regulations of the American Arbitration Association under the Commercial Arbitration Procedures then in effect, and (b) in the event that a non-party to this Agreement brings an
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August 1, 2024 Page 14 of 17
arbitration relating to or arising out of this Agreement, then the entire dispute shall be arbitrated in whichever arbitration forum such arbitration is brought, and the parties and their designees agree to submit to the jurisdiction of such arbitration forum. In the event that (x) a non-party initiates a judicial proceeding relating to, or arising out of, this Agreement, (y) such claim cannot be compelled to arbitration, and (z) a party or its designee asserts a claim against another party or its designee in connection with such proceeding, then the entire dispute shall be litigated in that court, and the parties and their designees agree to submit to the jurisdiction of the court in that judicial proceeding.
18.2.If the arbitration is brought by a party, the number of arbitrators will be three (3), and they will be selected in accordance with the rules and regulations of the Code of Arbitration Procedure adopted by FINRA, or American Arbitration Association under the Commercial Arbitration Procedures then in effect, as appropriate. To the extent possible, the arbitrators shall be attorneys specializing in securities law. The arbitration shall be governed by the Federal Arbitration Act, 9 U.S.C. Sections 1-16, to the exclusion of state laws inconsistent therewith, and judgment upon the award may be entered in any court having jurisdiction.
18.3.The parties and their respective designees will each bear their own expenses, including legal and expert fees, if any, with respect to the arbitration. The arbitrator will designate the party and/or designee to bear the costs of the arbitration forum and arbitrator’s fees or the respective amounts of such costs to be borne by each party and/or their designees. Any costs or fees, including attorneys fees, involved in enforcing the award shall be fully assessed against and paid by the party and/or designee resisting or preventing enforcement of the award.
18.4.Nothing in this Section 18 will prevent the parties from resorting to judicial proceedings or otherwise for injunctive relief to prevent or limit irreparable harm or injury to such a party.
19.Notices
Any notice provided under this Agreement shall be sufficiently given when either delivered personally by hand or received by facsimile, electronic mail, or certified mail at the following address.
19.1.If to the Administrator:
Diamond Hill Capital Management, Inc.
Attn: Fund Administration
325 John H. McConnell Blvd., Suite 200
Columbus, Ohio 43215
Facsimile: (614)255-3363
Email: mutualfundoperations@diamond-hill.com
19.2.If to Ultimus:
Ultimus Fund Solutions, LLC
Attn: General Counsel
4221 North 203rd Street, Suite 100
Elkhorn, NE 68022
Email: legal@ultimusfundsolutions.com
Ultimus Master Services Agreement
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20.General Provisions
20.1.Incorporation by Reference. This Agreement and its addendums, schedules, exhibits, and other documents incorporated by reference express the entire understanding of the parties and supersede any other agreement between them relating to the Services.
20.2.Conflicts. In the event of any conflict between this Agreement and any Appendices or Addendum thereto, this Agreement shall control.
20.3.Amendments. The parties may only amend or waive all or part of this Agreement by written amendment or waiver signed by both parties.
20.4.Assignments
(A)Except as provided in this Section 20.4, this Agreement and the rights and duties hereunder shall not be assignable by either of the parties except by the specific written consent of the non-assigning party.
(B)The terms and provisions of this Agreement shall become automatically applicable to any investment company that is the successor to the Trust because of reorganization, recapitalization, or change of domicile.
(C)Unless the Agreement is terminated in accordance with Section 8. H. of this Agreement, Ultimus may, to the extent permitted by law and in its sole discretion, assign all its rights and interests in this Agreement to an affiliate, parent, subsidiary or to the purchaser of substantially all of its business, provided that Ultimus provides to the Administrator at least 90 days’ prior written notice.
(D)This Agreement shall be binding upon, and shall inure to the benefit of, the parties and their respective successors and permitted assigns.
20.5.Governing Law. This Agreement shall be construed in accordance with the laws of the State of Ohio and the applicable provisions of the 1940 Act. To the extent that the applicable laws of the State of Ohio, or any of the provisions herein, conflict with the applicable provisions of the 1940 Act, the latter shall control.
20.6.Headings. Section and paragraph headings in this Agreement are included for convenience only and are not to be used to construe or interpret this Agreement.
20.7.Multiple Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed in two or more counterparts, each of which when executed shall be deemed to be an original, but such counterparts shall together constitute but the same instrument.
20.8.Severability. If any part, term or provision of this Agreement is held to be illegal, in conflict with any law or otherwise invalid, the remaining portion or portions shall be considered severable and
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not be affected by such determination, and the rights and obligations of the parties shall be construed and enforced as if the Agreement did not contain the particular part, term or provisions held to be illegal or invalid.
Signatures are located on the next page.
Ultimus Master Services Agreement
August 1, 2024 Page 17 of 17
The parties duly executed this Agreement as of August 1, 2024.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Diamond Hill Capital Management, Inc. | | | Ultimus Fund Solutions, LLC |
By: | /s/Thomas E. Line | |
By: | /s/Thomas E. Line |
Name: | Thomas E. Line | | Name: | Gary Tenkman |
Title: | Chief Financial Officer | | Title: | Chief Executive Officer |
Ultimus Master Services Agreement
August 1, 2024 Page 18 of 17
Ultimus Master Services Agreement
August 1, 2024 Page 19 of 17
SCHEDULE A
to the
Master Services Agreement
between
Diamond Hill Capital Management Inc.
and
Ultimus Fund Solutions, LLC
August 1, 2024
Trust(s)
Diamond Hill Securitized Credit Fund
Sub-Trust Accounting Addendum
for
Diamond Hill Capital Management, Inc.
This Sub-Trust Accounting Addendum, dated August 1, 2024, is between Diamond Hill Capital Management, Inc. (the “Administrator”) for the Trusts listed on Schedule A to that certain Master Services Agreement dated August 1, 2024, and Ultimus Fund Solutions, LLC (“Ultimus”). Capitalized terms used but not defined herein shall have the meanings set forth in the Master Services Agreement.
Sub-Trust Accounting Services
1.Performance of Accounting Services
Ultimus shall perform the following accounting services for each Trust, each in accordance with the Trust’s prospectus and statement of additional information:
1.1.calculate the net asset value per share utilizing prices obtained from the sources described in subsection 1.2 below;
1.2.obtain security prices from independent pricing services, or if such quotes are unavailable and/or have been subject to override by each Trust’s investment adviser, then obtain such prices from each Trust’s investment adviser or its designee;
1.3.verify and reconcile with each Trust’s custodian cash and all daily activity;
1.4.compute, as appropriate, each Trust’s net income and realized capital gains, dividend payables, dividend factors, and weighted average portfolio maturity;
1.5.accrue income of each Trust based upon income estimates obtained from independent pricing services, or if such income estimates are unavailable, then upon income estimates obtained from each Trust’s investment adviser or its designee;
1.6.record investment trades received in proper form from each Trust or its authorized agents on the industry standard T+1 basis;
1.7.calculate Trust expenses based on instructions from each Trust’s administrator or entity approved by the Board;
1.8.determine the outstanding receivables and payables for all (1) security trades, (2) Trust share transactions and (3) income and expense accounts;
1.9.provide system generated accounting reports in connection with each Trust’s regular annual audit and other audits and examinations by regulatory agencies;
1.10.provide such ad hoc reports as agreed to by the parties;
1.11.prepare and maintain the following records upon receipt of information in proper form from each Trust or its authorized agents: (1) cash receipts journal; (2) cash disbursements journal; (3) dividend record; (4) purchase and sales-portfolio securities journals; (5) subscription and
Sub-Trust Accounting Addendum Page 1 of 4 August 1, 2024
redemption journals; (6) security ledgers; (7) broker ledger; (8) general ledger; (9) daily expense accruals; (10) daily income accruals, (11) securities and monies borrowed or loaned and collateral therefore; (12) foreign currency journals; and (13) trial balances;
1.12.provide information typically supplied in the investment company industry to companies that track or report price, performance or other information with respect to investment companies;
1.13.provide accounting information to each Trust’s independent registered public accounting firm for preparation of the Trust’s tax returns; and
1.14.cooperate with and take reasonable actions in the performance of its duties under this Agreement, so that all necessary information is made available to each Trust’s independent public accountants in connection with any audit or the preparation of any report requested by the Administrator.
2.Accounting Services Related to Odd Lot Pricing
If, in addition to those services described under Section 1 [Performance of Accounting Services] of this Sub-Trust Accounting Addendum, a Trust’s investment adviser informs Ultimus that one or more Trust(s) holds or will hold any security in a quantity constituting an odd lot (as opposed to a round lot), Ultimus will undertake to perform such additional procedures as are determined necessary by the Board to price such security, including, if applicable, the application of a discount to the pricing obtained from any independent pricing service(s); provided, however, that any such additional procedures to be performed in connection with securities held in quantities constituting an odd lot, are clearly delineated in a written odd lot pricing methodology and procedure approved by the Board; it being further understood and agreed by the parties hereto that Ultimus shall be compensated in the form of an odd lot pricing fee for performing such additional procedures, and, notwithstanding anything in the Agreement to the contrary, including, without limitation, any duty of care or indemnification obligation that Ultimus might otherwise owe to the Trust, Ultimus will not be liable for any NAV error that may arise out of any incorrect, incomplete, or missing data provided to Ultimus by the Trust’s investment adviser or any sub-adviser to the Trust as part of any odd lot pricing procedures approved by the Board, and the Trust hereby agrees to indemnify Ultimus for and hold Ultimus harmless from any such liability.
3.Derivatives Risk Management Program Support Services
Ultimus may, at the election of the Trust, provide certain of the Funds with the Derivatives Risk Management Program Support Services described below, in accordance with Rule 18f-4 under the Investment Company Act (“Rule 18f-4”):
a. Manage derivatives-specific data, update security master files, and load each Fund’s portfolio composition and derivatives-specific data into Confluence software;
b. Deliver daily derivatives exposure and value-at-risk (“VaR”) reports generated by the Confluence software to each Fund’s investment adviser (“Adviser”) and the Trust’s Chief Compliance Officer and make available reporting for weekly stress testing and back-testing calculations performed by the Confluence software;
c. Provide Adviser access to the Confluence software in order that Adviser may calculate derivatives exposure for each Fund it advises and make other derivatives risk management calculations as required by Rule 18f-4 (e.g., daily VaR calculations, weekly back-testing, and weekly stress-testing);
d. Provide Adviser a board reporting template; and
Sub-Trust Accounting Addendum Page 2 of 4 August 1, 2024
e. Provide the Board access to an independent derivatives expert (a “Derivatives Expert”) capable of supporting the Board’s efforts in effecting compliance oversight as required by Rule 18f-4 and the Trust’s related Derivatives Risk Management Program.
In providing the Derivatives Risk Management Program Support Services, in each instance where Ultimus has committed to provide Adviser with access to VaR reports or other derivatives related information, Adviser may, with Ultimus’ consent, elect to have Ultimus deliver the same reports and information to an Ultimus approved third party 18f-4 service provider/designee; with the understanding that delivery of such information to such third party 18f-4 service provider/designee may incur additional fees.
Alternatively, the Trust may elect to forego receipt of the Derivatives Risk Management Program Support Services and instead deliver (or cause to be delivered) to Ultimus derivatives data required to be reported monthly on Form N-PORT, in which case Ultimus’ services (the “18f-4/N-PORT Support Services”) will be limited to taking receipt of that derivatives data, manually loading that data into its reporting system, and reporting the required derivatives information on Form N-PORT monthly.
The Adviser has and retains sole responsibility for identifying derivative securities. Ultimus’ provision of Derivatives Risk Management Program Support Services or 18f-4/N-PORT Support Services hereunder shall not relieve the Adviser of such responsibilities, and under no circumstances will Ultimus share in those responsibilities except as expressly agreed upon in this Sub-Fund Accounting Addendum.
4.Special Reports and Services
4.1.Ultimus may agree (but shall be under no obligation) to provide additional special reports upon the request of the Trust or a Fund’s investment adviser, which may result in an additional charge, the amount of which shall be agreed upon by the parties prior to the reports being made available.
4.2.Ultimus may agree (but shall be under no obligation) to provide such other similar services with respect to a Fund as may be reasonably requested by the Trust, which may result in an additional charge, the amount of which shall be agreed upon between the parties prior to such services being provided.
Signatures are located on the next page.
Sub-Trust Accounting Addendum Page 3 of 4 August 1, 2024
The parties duly executed this Sub-Fund Accounting Addendum as of August 1, 2024.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Diamond Hill Capital Management Inc. | | | Ultimus Fund Solutions, LLC |
By: | /s/Thomas E. Line | |
By: | /s/Gary Tenkman |
Name: | Thomas E. Line | | Name: | Gary Tenkman |
Title: | Chief Financial Officer | | Title: | Chief Executive Officer |
Sub-Trust Accounting Addendum Page 4 of 4 August 1, 2024
Sub-Trust Accounting Fee Schedule
for
the Trusts listed on Schedule A
This Sub-Trust Accounting Fee Schedule (this “Fee Schedule”) applies to the Services provided by Ultimus Fund Solutions, LLC (“Ultimus”) to Diamond Hill Capital Management Inc. (the “Administrator”) for the Trusts listed on Schedule A (individually referred to herein as a “Trust” and collectively as the “Trusts”) pursuant to that certain Master Services Agreement dated August 1, 2024, and the Sub-Trust Accounting Addendum dated August 1, 2024 (the “Agreement”). Capitalized terms used but not defined herein shall have the meanings set forth in the Agreement. Fees shall commence upon the operational launch of the Trust.
1.Fees
For the Sub-Trust Accounting Services provided under the Sub-Trust Accounting Addendum, Ultimus shall be entitled to receive a fee and reimbursable expenses from the Administrator on the first business day following the end of each month, or at such time(s) as Ultimus shall request and the parties hereto shall agree, which fee is included in the Sub-Trust Administration Fees, plus itemized fees as follows:
1.1.Multi-Manager: For multi-manager trusts, Ultimus charges a fee of $500.00 per month per manager over one.
1.2.Derivatives Risk Management Program Support Services; 18f-4/N-PORT Support Services: In consideration for Ultimus providing Derivatives Risk Management Program Support Services, each Trust will pay (or cause to be paid) Ultimus a quarterly fee of $2,000.00. If the Trust elects not to receive Derivatives Risk Management Program Support Services, and Ultimus provides 18f-4/N-PORT Support Services instead, the Trust will pay (or cause to be paid) Ultimus a quarterly fee of $250.00 per Trust. If the Trust elects not to receive Derivatives Risk Management Program Support Services and, in connection therewith, the Trust requires Ultimus to provide, or otherwise make available to it or any third party, investment holdings data, then, in addition to the 18f-4/N-PORT Support Services Fee, the Trust will pay (or cause to be paid) Ultimus a quarterly fee of $500.00 per Trust.
1.3.Manual processing fee: Each Trusts shall pay an additional charge of $500.00 per month for portfolios that transmit trades in a non-electronic format.
1.4.Reporting Modernization fee: Each Trust shall pay an annual fee of $9,000 for third-party data and technology and personnel costs associated with N-PORT and N-CEN filings.
1.5.Wholly owned subsidiary fee: In cases where a Trust elects or is otherwise required to have a wholly owned subsidiary [for example: controlled foreign corporation/Cayman subsidiary], an annual fee of $7,500 will be charged for each such subsidiary. Ultimus may, with notice to the Trust, charge additional fees with respect to any such subsidiary if Ultimus determines that the nature of such subsidiary will require an inordinate number of man hours to be expended in the performance of Sub-Trust Accounting Services or generally poses heightened risk or compliance concerns.
1.6.Special Reports/Programming Charge: All special reports analyses and/or programming requested by a Trust under this Agreement shall be subject to an additional programming charge. The current rate as of the date of this Fee Schedule is $250.00 per hour and is subject to change.
1.7.Event Processing Charge: Trust accounting services performed outside of the ordinary course and in connection with unique events involving a Trust, including, without limitation, mergers, acquisitions, and reorganizations, shall be subject to an additional event processing charge. The current rate as of the date of this Fee Schedule is $250 per hour and is subject to change.
1.8.The fees are computed daily and payable monthly, along with any reimbursable expenses. The Administrator agrees to pay all undisputed fees within 30 days of receipt of each invoice. Ultimus retains the right to charge interest of 1.5% on any undisputed amounts that remain unpaid beyond such 30-day period. Acceptance of such late charge shall in no event constitute a waiver by Ultimus of the Administrator’s default or prevent Ultimus from exercising any other rights and remedies available to it.
2.Monthly Per Trade and T+0 Processing Fees
The fees, as described above, allow a Fund to execute up to 1,000 portfolio trades (i.e., purchases and sales) per month without additional fees. For portfolio trades in excess of this amount, Ultimus will charge the respective Fund $5.00 per trade over 1,000 per month capped at $2,000 up to 6,000 per month, then $5.00 per trade over that. Trades are recorded on the day after trade date (“T+1”).
3.Term
3.1.Initial Term. This Fee Schedule shall continue in effect, unless earlier terminated under Section 3.3 below, until the expiration of the Master Services Agreement’s Initial Term (the “Initial Term”).
3.2.Renewal Terms. Immediately following the Initial Term, this Fee Schedule shall automatically renew for successive one-year periods (each a “Renewal Term”) unless Ultimus, the Trust, or the Administrator gives written notice of termination at least 120 days prior to the end of the Initial Term or the then-current Renewal Term.
3.3.Termination. Ultimus or the Administrator may terminate the Agreement entirely or on behalf of a Trust as set forth in the Agreement. Any such termination shall be treated as a termination of this Fee Schedule with respect to each Trust as to which the termination applies, in which case the subject Trust(s) or the Administrator shall be responsible for payment of any amounts required to be paid under the Agreement, including, without limitation, any applicable Early Termination Fee, any reimbursements for cash disbursements made by Ultimus and any fee for deconversion or liquidation services.
3.4.Early Termination. Any Early Termination under the Agreement with respect to Trust accounting services shall subject the subject Trust(s) or the Administrator to paying an “Early Termination Fee” equal to the fee amounts due to Ultimus through the end of the then-current term as calculated in this Fee Schedule, including the repayment of any negotiated discounts provided by Ultimus during the then-current term.
Sub-Trust Accounting Fee Schedule Page 2 of 5
August 1, 2024
3.5.Deconversion. Ultimus will cooperate with any reasonable request of the Administrator to effect a prompt transition to a new service provider selected by the Administrator. In consideration for which, Ultimus shall be entitled to collect from the Trust or the Administrator the amount of all of Ultimus’ cash disbursements reasonably made for services in connection with Ultimus’ activities in effecting such transition, including, without limitation, the delivery to the Trust or its designees of the Trust’s property, records, instruments, and documents, and a fee for Trust accounting deconversion services of not less than $15,000.
3.6 Liquidation. In the event any Trust is liquidated, Ultimus shall be entitled to collect from the Trust or the Administrator the amount of all of Ultimus’ cash disbursements reasonably made for services in connection with Ultimus’ activities in effecting such liquidation, including, without limitation, the delivery to the Trust or its designees of the Trust’s property, records, instruments, and documents, and a reasonable fee for Trust accounting liquidation services of not less than $1,500 per Trust.
3.7 Restructuring. In the event any Trust undergoes a restructuring event, including, without limitation, any merger, acquisition, or reorganization event, which does not involve transition to a new service provider as would a deconversion, but does require Ultimus to perform transfer agency services outside of the ordinary course, Ultimus shall be entitled to collect from the Trust or the Administrator a Trust accounting restructuring fee of not less than $5,000, which shall be in addition to any hourly event processing charge that Ultimus is permitted to charge.
4.Reimbursable Expenses
In addition to the above fees, the Administrator will reimburse Ultimus or pay directly certain expenses incurred on the Trust’s behalf, including, but not limited to, the cost of obtaining daily portfolio-price-quotation services utilized by the Trust, including the cost of obtaining any primary and secondary security market quotes and other securities data used for fair valuing securities. The Fund will be responsible for the Fund’s normal operating expenses, including, but not limited to, federal and state filing fees, EDGARizing fees, insurance premiums, typesetting and printing of the Fund’s public documents, and fees and expenses of the Fund’s other vendors and providers that provide services to the Fund.
5. Fee Increases
On each anniversary date of the Agreement, Ultimus will increase the fees set forth in this Fee Schedule by an amount not to exceed the average annual change for the prior calendar year in the Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers - All Items (seasonally adjusted)1.
6.Amendment
The parties may only amend this Fee Schedule by written amendment signed by all the parties.
Signatures are located on the next page.
1 Using 1982-84=100 as a base, unless otherwise noted in reports by the Bureau of Labor Statistics.
Sub-Trust Accounting Fee Schedule Page 3 of 5
August 1, 2024
The parties duly executed this Sub-Fund Accounting Fee Schedule dated August 1, 2024.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Diamond Hill Capital Management Inc. | | | Ultimus Fund Solutions, LLC |
By: | /s/Thomas E. Line | |
By: | /s/Gary Tenkman |
Name: | Thomas E. Line | | Name: | Gary Tenkman |
Title: | Chief Financial Officer | | Title: | Chief Executive Officer |
Sub-Trust Accounting Fee Schedule Page 4 of 5
August 1, 2024
Sub-Trust Administration Addendum
for
Diamond Hill Capital Management, Inc.
This Sub-Trust Administration Addendum, dated August 1, 2024, is between Diamond Hill Capital Management, Inc. (the “Administrator”) for the Trusts listed in Scheduled A to that certain Master Services Agreement dated August 1, 2024, and Ultimus Fund Solutions, LLC (“Ultimus”). Capitalized terms used but not defined herein shall have the meanings set forth in the Master Services Agreement.
With respect to each Trust electing Sub-Trust Administration Services, Ultimus shall provide the following services subject to, and in compliance with the objectives, policies and limitations set forth in the Trust’s Registration Statement, the Trust’s organizational documents, bylaws, applicable laws and regulations, and resolutions and policies established by the Trust’s Board:
1.In performing the Services, Ultimus will act as a liaison among the Trust’s service providers, including, but not limited to its: custodian, transfer agent, fund accountant and dividend disbursing agent, legal counsel, and audit firm;
2.Upon request, assist each Trust in the evaluation and selection of other service providers, such as independent public accountants, printers, EDGAR providers and proxy solicitors (such parties may be affiliates of Ultimus);
3.Prepare and maintain the Trust's operating expense budget to determine proper expense accruals to be charged to each Trust in order to calculate its daily net asset value;
4.Prepare, or cause to be prepared, expense and financial reports, including Trust budgets, expense reports, pro-forma financial statements, expense and profit/loss projections and fee waiver/expense reimbursement projections on a periodic basis as mutually agreed;
5.Prepare authorization for the payment of Trust expenses and pay, from Trust assets, all authorized bills of the Trust;
6.Determine income and capital gains available for distribution and calculate distributions required to meet regulatory, income, and excise tax requirements, to be reviewed by the Trust's independent public accountants;
7.Compute performance data required for inclusion in Trust financial reports and disseminate such data to information services covering the investment company industry, for sales literature of the Trust and other appropriate purposes;
8.Provide other information typically supplied in the investment company industry as mutually agreed to companies that track or report price, performance or other information with respect to investment companies;
9.Prepare and coordinate the delivery of semi-annual and annual financial statements pursuant to a mutually agreeable timeline for the delivery of drafts of such financial statements;
10.Coordinate the Trust's audits and examinations by:
a.assisting each Trust’s independent public accountants, or, upon approval of the Trust, any regulatory body, in any requested review of a Trust’s accounts and records, as mutually agreed upon;
b.providing appropriate financial schedules (as requested by a Trust’s independent public accountants or SEC examiners), as mutually agreed; and
c.providing office facilities as may be required.
11.Facilitate, register, or prepare applicable notice or other filings as directed by the Trust’s investment adviser with respect to, the Shares with the various state and territories of the United States and other securities commissions, provided that all fees for the registration of Shares or for qualifying or continuing the qualification of the Trust shall be paid by the Trust;
12.In consultation with legal counsel for the Trust, assist in and monitor the preparation, filing, printing and where applicable, dissemination to shareholders of the following:
a.periodic reports to the Trustees, shareholders and the SEC, including but not limited to annual reports and semi-annual reports;
b.notices pursuant to Rule 24f-2 (as applicable); and
c.reports to the SEC on Forms N-CEN, N-CSR, and N-PORT (as applicable).
1.Monitor sales of Shares and ensure that the Shares are properly and duly registered with the SEC;
2.Review the Trust's federal, state, and local tax returns as prepared and signed by the Trust's independent public accountants; and
3.Monitor Trust holdings and operations for post-trade compliance with the Prospectus and Statement of Additional Information, SEC statutes, rules, regulations and policies and at the direction of the Trust’s independent public accountants and Trust counsel, monitor Trust holdings for compliance with IRS taxation limitations and restrictions and applicable Federal Accounting Standards Board rules, statements and interpretations; provide periodic compliance reports to each investment adviser or sub-adviser to the Trust, and assist the Trust, the Adviser and each sub-adviser to the Trust (collectively referred to as “Advisers”) in preparation of periodic compliance reports to the Trust, as applicable. Post-trade compliance testing will be performed in accordance with testing policies and procedures, which in Ultimus’ sole determination, are reasonably designed to comport with industry standard post-trade compliance testing practices. Because such post-trade compliance testing is performed using Trust accounting data and data provided by third-party sources, including, without limitation the Adviser(s), its accuracy is dependent upon the accuracy of such data, and the Trust agrees and acknowledges that Ultimus is not liable for the accuracy or inaccuracy of such data. The Trust further agrees and acknowledges that the post-trade compliance testing performed by Ultimus shall not relieve the Trust or the Adviser(s) of their responsibilities with respect to Trust portfolio compliance, including on a pre-trade basis, and that Ultimus shall not be held liable for any act or omission of the Trust or the Adviser with respect to Trust portfolio compliance. Moreover, and notwithstanding the foregoing, Ultimus’ ability and therefor its obligation to perform post-trade compliance testing shall be wholly-dependent upon its timely receipt from third-party sources, including as applicable the Adviser(s), of all data necessary in Ultimus’ sole determination to properly perform such post-trade compliance testing, and, should Ultimus determine
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August 1, 2024
it to be necessary, the Adviser(s) shall be required to arrange for Ultimus to have secure look-through access to private Trust holdings.
4.Provide individuals reasonably acceptable to the Board to serve as officers of the Trust, including, without limitation, individuals to serve as assistant treasurer and secretary, who will be responsible for the management of certain of the Trust’s affairs as determined and under supervision by the Board; depending on the nature and scope of any such officer appointment, Ultimus may be entitled to an additional fee (as set forth in the Sub-Trust Administration Fee Schedule).
Special Reports and Services
1.Ultimus may provide additional special reports upon the request of the Trust’s investment adviser, which may result in an additional charge, the amount of which shall be agreed upon by the parties prior to the reports being made available.
2.Ultimus may provide such other similar services with respect to a Trust as may be reasonably requested by the Trust, such as assistance with information statements, Proxy Statements or Form N-14, which may result in an additional charge, the amount of which shall be agreed upon between the parties prior to such services being provided.
Additional Regulatory Services
Ultimus may provide other regulatory services not specifically listed herein upon such terms and for such fees as the parties hereto agree. Such other regulatory services may include, without limitation, (i) the drafting of initial registration statements and amendments thereto pursuant to Rule 485(a) under the Securities Act of 1933, (ii) the drafting of proxy statements and related materials in connection with the Trust’s shareholder meetings, and (iii) the preparation of materials for, attendance at, and drafting of minutes for organizational and special Board meetings.
Tax Matters
Ultimus does not provide tax advice. Nothing in the Master Services Agreement or this Sub-Trust Administration Addendum shall be construed or have the effect of rendering tax advice. It is important that the Trust consult a professional tax advisor regarding its individual tax situation.
Legal Representation
Notwithstanding any provision of the Master Services Agreement or this Sub-Trust Administration Addendum to the contrary, Ultimus will not provide legal representation to the Trust, including through the use of attorneys that are employees of, or contractually engaged by, Ultimus. The Trust acknowledges that in-house Ultimus attorneys exclusively represent Ultimus and will rely on outside counsel retained by the Trust to review all services provided by in-house Ultimus attorneys and to provide independent judgment on the Trust’s behalf. The Trust acknowledges that because no attorney-client relationship exists between in-house Ultimus attorneys and the Trust, any information provided to Ultimus attorneys will not be privileged and may be subject to compulsory disclosure under certain circumstances. Ultimus represents that it will maintain the confidentiality of information disclosed to its in-house attorneys on a best efforts basis.
Signatures are located on the next page.
Sub-Trust Administration Addendum Page 3 of 4
August 1, 2024
The parties duly executed this Sub-Trust Administration Addendum as of August 1, 2024.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Diamond Hill Capital Management Inc. | | | Ultimus Fund Solutions, LLC |
By: | /s/Thomas E. Line | |
By: | /s/Gary Tenkman |
Name: | Thomas E. Line | | Name: | Gary Tenkman |
Title: | Chief Financial Officer | | Title: | Chief Executive Officer |
Sub-Trust Administration Addendum Page 4 of 4
August 1, 2024
Sub-Trust Administration Addendum Page 5 of 4
August 1, 2024
Sub-Trust Administration Fee Schedule
for
the Trusts listed on Schedule A
This Sub-Trust Administration Fee Schedule (this “Fee Schedule”) applies to the Services provided by Ultimus Fund Solutions, LLC (“Ultimus”) to Diamond Hill Capital Management Inc. (the “Administrator”) for the Trusts listed on Schedule A (individually referred to herein as a “Trust” and collectively as the “Trusts”) pursuant to that certain Master Services Agreement dated August 1, 2024, and the Sub-Trust Administration Addendum dated August 1, 2024, (the “Agreement”). Capitalized terms used but not defined herein shall have the meanings set forth in the Master Services Agreement.
1.Fees
For the Sub-Trust Administration Services provided under the Sub-Trust Administration Addendum, Ultimus shall be entitled to receive a fee and reimbursable expenses from the Administrator on the first business day following the end of each month, or at such time(s) as Ultimus shall request and the parties hereto shall agree, computed with respect to the Trusts as follows:
1.1.Base fee per Fund per year as follows:
$75,000 annual base fee per Trust2 (discounted to $45,000 for the first twelve (12) months of Trust operations, and $60,000 for the second twelve (12) months of Trust operations), plus $7,500 annual fee per each additional share class above one (1), plus:
1.2.Asset-based fee of:
| | | | | |
Average Daily Net Assets | Administration Fee |
Up to $250 million | 0.03% |
$250 million to $750 million | 0.02% |
In excess of $750 million | 0.01% |
The fee will be calculated based on the net assets of the Trust.
1.3.Implementation Fee. In addition to the fees set forth in Section 1.1 above, Ultimus shall be entitled to a one-time implementation fee (“Implementation Fee”)* in connection with any new Trust launch. The Implementation Fee charged for each subsequent Trust launched shall be subject to an Implementation Fee of $5,000. The Implementation Fee with respect to any Trust shall be due and payable to Ultimus prior to Ultimus commencing any work related to the Trust’s launch..
2 Pricing assumes that strategy and holdings will mirror the existing Diamond Hill Short Duration Securitized Bond Fund. Use of leverage and/or investments in complex assets or asset classes differing from that fund will increase the annual Sub-Trust Administration and Sub-Trust Accounting base fee from $75,000 to $100,000 (discounted to $70,000 for the first twelve (12) months of Trust operations, and $85,000 for the second twelve (12) months of Trust operations). Examples of asset classes which would cause this base fee to increase include (but are not limited to) loans, swaps, private investments/co-investments and CLO equities.
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August 1, 2024
*Ultimus agrees to waive the Implementation Fee.
1.4. Tax Provisioning/ASC 740 Compliance fee.* Each Trust shall pay Ultimus $750.00 per calendar quarter for tax provisioning services and ASC 740 Compliance. Subject to the mutual agreement of the parties, additional fees relating to tax provisioning or tax compliance may be charged relative to certain strategies or approaches taken by the adviser with respect to portfolio management. Examples of such supplemental tax provisioning/compliance fees include, without limitation, the following:
- Schedule K-1 fee – for Trusts with investments requiring additional processing, including, without limitation, Trusts with more than 10 Schedule K-1s or tiered partnerships or private partnerships whereby additional Schedule K-1s are received.
- Fee for separate tax year from fiscal year – in cases where a Trust elects or is otherwise required to have a tax reporting year-end that is different from its fiscal year-end.
- Wholly-owned subsidiary fee – in cases where a Trust elects or is otherwise required to have a wholly-owned subsidiary [for example: controlled foreign corporation/Cayman subsidiary].
- Trust Preferred Securities [“TRUPS”] fee – in cases where a Trust holds TRUPS and transactions in total are more than 500 tax lots.
- QCCO and Tax Straddle fee – in cases where a Trust wittingly or unwittingly engages in QCCO or tax straddle transactions. Note: for Trusts with significant volume in such transactions an outsourced solution may be preferable.
- Equalization service fee – in cases where a Trust elects to utilize a tax equalization strategy.
- Distribution estimates fee – in cases where an adviser requests more than 2 estimates in a distribution period [“period” defined as year-end for excise or fiscal purposes].
- Tax diversification testing fee – in cases where a Trust invests in certain investments such as funds of funds structures whereby private funds are held and the look through and aggregation of underlying holdings needs to be completed manually to complete post-trade compliance testing.
*Ultimus agrees to waive the $750.00 per calendar quarter Tax Provisioning/ASC 740 Compliance fee.
1.5. Special Reports/Programming Charge. All special reports analyses and/or programming requested by the Trust under this Fee Schedule shall be subject to an additional programming charge. The current rate as of the date of this Fee Schedule is $250.00 per hour and is subject to change.
1.6 Event Processing Charge. Trust administration services performed outside of the ordinary course and in connection with unique events involving the Trust, including, without limitation, mergers, acquisitions, and reorganizations, shall be subject to an additional event processing charge. The current rate as of the date of this Fee Schedule is $250 per hour and is subject to change.
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1.7 Meeting Attendance Fee. The Trust shall pay $250 per fair valuation committee meeting attended by any Ultimus personnel.
1.8. The fees are computed daily and payable monthly, along with any reimbursable expenses. The Administrator agrees to pay all fees within 30 days of receipt of each invoice. Ultimus retains the right to charge interest of 1.5% on any disputed amounts that remain unpaid beyond such 30-day period. Acceptance of such late charge shall in no event constitute a waiver by Ultimus of the Administrator’s default or prevent Ultimus from exercising any other rights and remedies available to it.
1.Reimbursable Expenses
In addition to the above fees, the Administrator will reimburse Ultimus for certain reimbursable expenses incurred on each Trust’s behalf, including, but not limited to, travel expenses to attend Board meetings and any other expenses approved by the Trust or the Administrator. The Trust will be responsible for the Trust’s normal operating expenses, such as federal and state filing fees, EDGARizing fees, insurance premiums, typesetting and printing of the Trust’s public documents, and fees and expenses of the Trust’s other vendors and providers that provide services to the Trust.
3.Term
1.1.Initial Term. This Fee Schedule shall continue in effect, unless earlier terminated under Section 3.3 below, until the expiration of the Agreement’s Initial Term (the “Initial Term”).
1.2.Renewal Terms. Immediately following the Initial Term, this Fee Schedule shall automatically renew for successive one-year periods (each a “Renewal Term”) unless the Administrator gives written notice of termination at least 120 days prior to the end of the Initial Term or the then-current Renewal Term.
1.3.Termination. Ultimus or the Administrator may terminate the Agreement entirely or on behalf of a Trust as set forth in the Agreement. Any such termination shall be treated as a termination of this Fee Schedule with respect to each Trust as to which the termination applies, in which case the subject Trust(s) or the Administrator shall be responsible for payment of any amounts required to be paid under the Agreement, including, without limitation, any applicable Early Termination Fee, any reimbursements for cash disbursements made by Ultimus and any fee for deconversion or liquidation services.
1.4.Early Termination. Any Early Termination under the Agreement with respect to Trust administration services shall subject the subject Trust(s) or the Administrator to paying an “Early Termination Fee” equal to the fee amounts due to Ultimus through the end of the then-current term as calculated in this Fee Schedule, including the repayment of any negotiated discounts provided by Ultimus during the then-current term.
1.5.Deconversion. Ultimus will cooperate with any reasonable request of the Administrator to effect a prompt transition to a new service provider selected by the Administrator. In consideration for which, Ultimus shall be entitled to collect from the Trust or the Administrator the amount of all of
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August 1, 2024
Ultimus’ cash disbursements reasonably made for services in connection with Ultimus’ activities in effecting such transition, including, without limitation, the delivery to the Trust or its designees of the Trust’s property, records, instruments, and documents, and a fee for fund administration deconversion services of not less than $15,000.
1.6.Liquidation. In the event any Trust is liquidated, Ultimus shall be entitled to collect from the Trust or the Administrator the amount of all of Ultimus’ cash disbursements reasonably made for services in connection with Ultimus’ activities in effecting such liquidation, including, without limitation, the delivery to the Trust or its designees of the Trust’s property, records, instruments, and documents, and a reasonable fee for Trust administration liquidation services of not less than $1,500 per Trust.
1.7.Restructuring. In the event any Trust undergoes a restructuring event, including, without limitation, any merger, acquisition, or reorganization event, which does not involve transition to a new service provider as would a deconversion, but does require Ultimus to perform transfer agency services outside of the ordinary course, Ultimus shall be entitled to collect from the Trust or the Administrator a Trust administration restructuring fee of not less than $5,000, which shall be in addition to any hourly event processing charge that Ultimus is permitted to charge.
4. Fee Increases
On each anniversary date of the Agreement, Ultimus will increase the fees set forth in this Fee Schedule by an amount not to exceed the average annual change for the prior calendar year in the Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers - All Items (seasonally adjusted)3.
5. Amendment
The parties may only amend this Fee Schedule by written amendment signed by all the parties.
Signatures are located on the next page.
3 Using 1982-84=100 as a base, unless otherwise noted in reports by the Bureau of Labor Statistics.
Sub-Trust Administration Fee Schedule
Page 4 of 5
August 1, 2024
The parties duly executed this Sub-Trust Administration Fee Schedule dated August 1, 2024.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Diamond Hill Capital Management Inc. | | | Ultimus Fund Solutions, LLC |
By: | /s/Thomas E. Line | |
By: | /s/Gary Tenkman |
Name: | Thomas E. Line | | Name: | Gary Tenkman |
Title: | Chief Financial Officer | | Title: | Chief Executive Officer |
Sub-Trust Administration Fee Schedule
Page 5 of 5
August 1, 2024
Sub-Transfer Agent and Shareholder Services Addendum
for
Diamond Hill Capital Management, Inc.
This Sub-Transfer Agent and Shareholder Services Addendum, dated August 1, 2024, is between Diamond Hill Capital Management, Inc. (the “Administrator”) for the Trusts listed on Schedule A to that certain Master Services Agreement dated August 1, 2024, and Ultimus Fund Solutions, LLC (“Ultimus”). Capitalized terms used but not defined herein shall have the meanings set forth in the Master Services Agreement.
Sub-Transfer Agent and Shareholder Services
1.Shareholder Transactions
Ultimus shall provide the Trust with shareholder transaction services, including:
1.1.process shareholder purchase, repurchase, exchange, and transfer orders in accordance with conditions set forth in the applicable Trust’s prospectus(es) applying all applicable repurchase or other miscellaneous fees;
1.2.set up of account information, including address, account designations, dividend and capital gains options, taxpayer identification numbers, banking instructions, automatic investment plans, systematic withdrawal plans and cost basis disposition method,
1.3.assist shareholders making changes to their account information included in 1.2;
1.4.issue trade confirmations in compliance with Rule 10b-10 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “1934 Act”);
1.5.issue quarterly statements for shareholders, interested parties, broker firms, branch offices and registered representatives;
1.6.act as a service agent and process income dividend and capital gains distributions, including the purchase of new shares, through dividend reimbursement and appropriate application of backup withholding, non-resident alien withholding and Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act (“FATCA”) withholding;
1.7.record the issuance of shares and maintain pursuant to Rule 17Ad-10(e) of the 1934 Act a record of the total number of shares of each Trust which are authorized, based upon data provided to it by the Trust, and issued and outstanding;
1.8.perform such services as are required to comply with Rules 17a-24 and 17Ad-17 of the 1934 Act (the “Lost Shareholder Rules”);
1.9.provide cost basis reporting to shareholders on covered shares (shares purchased after 1/1/2012), as required;
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August 1, 2024
1.10.withholding taxes on non-resident alien accounts, pension accounts and in accordance with state requirements;
1.11.produce, print, mail and file U.S. Treasury Department Forms 1099 and other appropriate forms required by federal authorities with respect to distributions for shareholders;
1.12.administer and perform all other customary services of a transfer agent, including, but not limited to, answering routine customer inquiries regarding shares; and
1.13.process all standing instruction orders (Automatic Investment Plans (“AIPs”) and Systematic Withdrawal Plan (“SWPs”)) including the debit of shareholder bank information for automatic purchases.
2.Shareholder Information Services
Ultimus shall provide the Trust with shareholder information services, including:
2.1.make information available to shareholder servicing unit and other remote access units regarding trade date, share price, current holdings, yields, and dividend information;
2.2.produce detailed history of transactions through duplicate or special order statements upon request;
2.3.provide mailing labels for distribution of financial reports, prospectuses, proxy statements or marketing material to current shareholders; and
2.4.respond as appropriate to all inquiries and communications from shareholders relating to shareholder accounts.
2.5.make representatives available to answer the Trusts’ toll free incoming phone line.
3.Compliance Reporting
3.1.AML Reporting. Ultimus agrees to provide anti-money laundering services to the Trust’s direct shareholders and to operate the Trust’s customer identification program for these shareholders, in each case in accordance with the written procedures developed by Ultimus and adopted or approved by the Board and with applicable law and regulations.
3.2.Regulatory Reporting. Ultimus agrees to provide reports to the federal and applicable state authorities, including the SEC, and to the Funds’ auditors. Applicable state authorities are those governmental agencies located in states in which the Fund is registered to sell shares.
3.3.IRS Reporting. Ultimus will prepare and distribute appropriate Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”) forms for shareholder income and capital gains (including the calculation of qualified income), sale of fund shares, distributions from retirement accounts and education savings accounts, fair market value reporting on IRAs, contributions, rollovers and conversions to IRAs and education
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August 1, 2024
savings accounts and required minimum distribution notifications and issue tax withholding reports to the IRS.
3.4.Pay-to-Play Reports. Ultimus will provide quarterly reporting for Fund accounts subject to pay-to-play rules.
3.5.As-of Trading Policy. Ultimus acknowledges receipt of a copy of the Trust’s(s’) policy related to the acceptance of trades for prior day processing (the “As-of Trading Policy”). Ultimus is deemed to be an affiliated transfer agent for purposes of the As-of Trading Policy. Ultimus will apply the provisions of the As-of Trading Policy, including but not limited to monitoring, billing and collecting.
4.Dealer/Load Processing
For each Trust with a share class that charges a sales load (either front-end or back-end), Ultimus will:
4.1.provide reports for tracking rights of accumulation and purchases made under a letter of intent;
4.2.account for separation of shareholder investments from transaction sale charges for purchase of Fund shares;
4.3.calculate fees due under Rule 12b-1 plans for distribution and marketing expenses, if applicable;
4.4.track sales and commission statistics by dealer and provide for payment of commissions on direct shareholder purchases; and
4.5.applying appropriate Front End Sales Load (“FESL”) breakpoint and Contingent Deferred Sales Charges (“CDSCs”) automatically during trade processing.
5.Shareholder Account Maintenance
For each direct shareholder account, Ultimus agrees to perform the following services:
5.1.maintain all shareholder records for each account in each Trust;
5.2.as dividend disbursing agent, on or before the payment date of any dividend or distribution, notify the Trust’s custodian of the estimated amount of cash required to pay such dividend or distribution; prepare and distribute to shareholders any funds to which they are entitled by reason of any dividend or distribution and in the case of shareholders entitled to receive additional shares of the Trust by reason of any such dividend or distribution, make appropriate credit to their respective accounts and prepare and mail to such shareholders a confirmation statement with respect to such shares;
5.3.issue customer statements on a scheduled cycle, and provide duplicate second and third-party copies if required;
5.4.record shareholder account information changes; and
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August 1, 2024
5.5.maintain account documentation files for each shareholder.
6.uTRANSACT Web Services
6.1.Provide and maintain an internet portal for shareholders and registered investment advisers to access and perform various online capabilities on their investment accounts with the Trusts.
7.PLAID
7.1.Provide online bank account verification services using third-party PLAID technology.
8.Other Services
8.1.Ultimus shall perform other services for the Trusts that are mutually agreed upon in a writing signed by the parties for mutually agreed fees, if any, and all reimbursable expenses incurred by Ultimus; provided, however that the Trusts may retain third parties to perform such other services. These services may include performing internal audit examination; mailing the annual reports of the Trusts; preparing an annual list of shareholders; and mailing notices of shareholders’ meetings, proxies, and proxy statements.
8.2.Blue Sky Services
(A)Prepare such reports, applications and documents (including reports regarding the sale and redemption of shares in the Trusts as required in order to comply with federal and state securities laws) to register the shares of the Trusts (“Shares”) with state securities authorities, monitor the sale of Shares for compliance with state securities laws, and file with the appropriate state securities authorities the registration statements and reports for the Trusts and the Shares and all amendments thereto, to register and keep effective the registration of the Trusts and the Shares with state securities authorities to enable the Trusts to make a continuous offering of their Shares pursuant to Ultimus’ state registration, renewal and sales reporting Rule 38a-1 Compliance Procedures, which shall be made available to the Administrator upon request.
(B)After receipt of funds from the Administrator, make payments on behalf of the Trusts for all filing fees.
(C)Coordinate and address all blue sky inquiries from states.
(D)Exemption Services
Ultimus shall use its best efforts in performing the following duties:
1)Identify the Trusts that qualify for exemptions from the obligation to pay registration fees under one or more states’ securities laws in connection with purchases of Trust Shares by existing shareholders (the “Existing Exemption”), and avail such Trusts of the Existing Exemptions in states where the applicable state securities law registration fees are based on sales of Trust Shares.
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August 1, 2024
2)Review and research shareholder records using social codes in order to identify shareholders of the Trusts (i) engaging in activities incurring state securities law registration fees in states in which there is no cap for such fees and (ii) who may be of the type who qualify for exemptions on the part of the Trusts from the obligation to pay such registration fees under one or more states’ securities laws (the “Institutional Exemption”).
8.3.Profile II Services. Ultimus will populate the Mutual Fund Profile II database (“Profile II”) of the National Securities Clearing Corporation (“NSCC”) with the appropriate data for the pertinent record types with respect to the Trusts. Ultimus will obtain the information set forth above from Ultimus’ internal records, Trust prospectuses and other Trust documents, and third parties that provide services to the Trusts or to Ultimus. Ultimus will use all commercially reasonable efforts to ensure that such information is accurate and updated on a timely basis, but Ultimus cannot guarantee that such information will be accurate or timely updated.
9.National Securities Clearing Corporation Processing
Ultimus will:
9.1.process accounts through Networking and the purchase, repurchase, transfer and exchange of shares in such accounts through Fund/SERV (Networking and Fund/SERV being programs operated by the National Securities Clearing Corporation (the “NSCC”) on behalf of NSCC’s participants, including the Trust), in accordance with, instructions transmitted to and received by Ultimus by transmission from NSCC on behalf of broker-dealers and banks which have been established by, or in accordance with the instructions of authorized persons, as hereinafter defined on the dealer file maintained by Ultimus;
9.2.issue instructions to each Trust’s custodian for the settlement of transactions between the Trust and NSCC (acting on behalf of its broker-dealer and bank participants);
9.3.provide account and transaction information from the affected Trust’s records on an appropriate computer system in accordance with NSCC’s Networking and Fund/SERV rules for those broker-dealers; and
9.4.maintain shareholder accounts through Networking.
10.Tax Matters
Ultimus does not provide tax advice. Nothing in the Master Services Agreement or this Sub-Transfer Agent and Shareholder Services Addendum shall be construed or have the effect of rendering tax advice. It is important that the Trust consult a professional tax advisor regarding its individual tax situation.
Signatures are located on the next page.
Sub-Transfer Agent and Shareholder Services Addendum
Page 5 of 5
August 1, 2024
The parties duly executed this Sub-Transfer Agent and Shareholder Services Addendum as of August 1, 2024.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Diamond Hill Capital Management, Inc. | | | Ultimus Fund Solutions, LLC |
By: | /a/Thomas E. Line | |
By: | /s/Gary Tenkman |
Name: | Thomas E. Line | | Name: | Gary Tenkman |
Title: | Chief Financial Officer | | Title: | Chief Executive Officer |
Sub-Transfer Agent and Shareholder Services Addendum
Page 6 of 5
August 1, 2024
Sub-Transfer Agent and Shareholder Services Fee Schedule
for
the Trusts listed on Schedule A
This Sub-Transfer Agent and Shareholder Services Fee Schedule (this “Fee Schedule”) applies to the Services provided by Ultimus Fund Solutions, LLC (“Ultimus”) to Diamond Hill Capital Management Inc. (the “Administrator”) for the Trusts listed on Schedule A (individually referred to herein as a “Trust” and collectively as the “Trusts”) pursuant to that certain Master Services Agreement dated August 1, 2024, and the Sub-Transfer Agent and Shareholder Services Addendum dated August 1, 2024 (the “Agreement”). Capitalized terms used but not defined herein shall have the meanings set forth in the Agreement.
1.Fees
1.1.For the Sub-Transfer Agent and Shareholder Services provided under the Sub-Transfer Agent and Shareholder Services Addendum, Ultimus shall be entitled to receive a fee and reimbursable expenses from the Administrator on the first business day following the end of each month, or at such time(s) as Ultimus shall request and the parties hereto shall agree, computed with respect to each Trust as follows:
| | | | | |
Base Annual Fee | |
Annual fee per Trust’s first share class | $36,000 (discounted to $25,000 for the first twelve (12) months of Trust operations) |
| |
Each Additional Class | $6,000 per class |
Annual fee per open shareholder account* | $16.00 per open account |
Annual fee per open NSCC account (ML3 and ML0)* | $8.00 per open account |
Annual fee per closed account | $1.00 per closed account |
| |
☐ uTRANSACT Fees (web portal) (check applicable fees) | |
Small Trust (Management company with less than 1,000 total accounts) | |
☐ One-time implementation fee | $12,000 |
☐ Ongoing annual fee | $18,000 annual base fee |
☐ Overall Activity Fee** | $0.50 per authentication |
Asset Allocation Modeling | |
☐ One-time implementation fee | $5,000 |
☐ Ongoing annual fee | $12,000 |
| |
Large Trust (Management company with 1,000 total accounts or greater) | |
☐ One-time implementation fee | $20,000 |
☐ Ongoing annual fee | $30,000 annual base fee |
☐ Overall Activity Fee** | $0.50 per authentication |
Asset Allocation Modeling | |
☐ One-time implementation fee | $5,000 |
☐ Ongoing annual fee | $12,000 |
| | | | | |
| |
FP Only, View Only | |
☐ One-time implementation fee | $1,000 |
☐ Ongoing annual fee | $400 per month |
| |
☐ PLAID Fees (instant bank verification) (check applicable fees) | |
Small Trust (Management company with less than 1,000 total accounts) | |
☐ One-time setup fee | $2,000 |
☐ Ongoing annual fee | $2,500 |
Large Trust (Management company with 1,000 total accounts or greater) | |
☐ One-time setup fee | $4,000 |
☐ Ongoing annual fee | $3,000 |
| |
Web Configuration (e.g., campaign updates, marketing changes, etc.) | $200 per hour |
| |
AML Reporting Fee (billed prorated monthly) | $3,300 annually per Trust group (Waived) |
| |
☐ Regulatory Emailing Campaigns Fee (check if applicable) | $495 per campaign |
| |
Real Time Cash (check applicable fees) | |
☐ Monthly fee per CUSIP | $200 per month |
| |
☐ API Connectivity Fees (check applicable fees) | |
☐ Implementation fee | $200 per hour |
☐ Ongoing maintenance fee (monthly) | $2,500 per month |
| |
Ad Hoc Services and Fees | |
Vision Feeds (check applicable fees) | |
☐ Initial Setup | $500 |
☐ Ongoing maintenance fee (monthly) | $150 per month |
| |
File Feeds (ex. Omni/SERV, Sales and Reporting, etc.) | |
Initial Setup (per file above one (1)) | $500 per file |
Ongoing maintenance fee (monthly, per file) | $150 per month per file |
| |
☐ DTCC AIP Service Fee | $750 per month |
| |
Event Processing (mergers, liquidations, name change, CUSIP change, etc.) | $250 per hour |
Trust Liquidations | $1,500 per event |
Periodic Fee Jobs (Green Fee, Low Balance, etc.) | $250 per hour |
Ad Hoc Report Requests*** | $165 per report |
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Capital Calls/Tender/Repurchase Processing | $750 per event (Waived) |
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Shareholder Fees**** | |
Annual IRA Custodial Fee | $25.00 |
Removal of excess contribution or Roth conversion/recharacterization | $25.00 |
Outbound Wire | $15.00 |
Returned ACH/Bounced Check | $25.00 |
IRA Withdrawal Fee (transfer or repurchase) | $25.00 |
Overnight Delivery | $35.00 |
Statement Retrieval Fee | $25.00 |
*Open account fee to be charged through tax reporting season the year following account liquidation.
**An authentication is generally required at initial login for each unique device and when making updates to security options.
***Highly complex report development is subject to hourly programming fees.
****Fee may be passed through to shareholders of the Trust(s).
1.2.Special Reports/Programming Fees: All special reports analyses and/or programming requested by the Trust under this Agreement shall be subject to an additional programming charge. The current rate as of the date of this Agreement is $250.00 per hour and is subject to change.
1.3.☐ MARS Rule 22c-2 Compliance Management Fees (check if applicable)
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Average Trades Per Month | Additional Monthly Data Cleaning Fee In Addition To The Base Fee |
TBD | TBD |
1.4.☐ SalesFocus Solutions/MARS Fees (check if applicable)
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Average Trades Per Month | Additional Monthly Data Cleaning Fee In Addition To The Base Fee |
TBD | TBD |
The investment adviser will be obligated to pay the following SalesFocus Solutions/MARS-related fees.
1.5.The Administrator agrees to pay all undisputed fees within 30 days of receipt of each invoice. Ultimus retains the right to charge interest of 1.5% on any undisputed amounts that remain unpaid beyond such 30-day period. Acceptance of such late charge shall in no event constitute a waiver by Ultimus of the Trust’s, the Administrator’s default or prevent Ultimus from exercising any other rights and remedies available to it.
All services listed above with a check box that are used by the Trust will be billed by Ultimus in accordance with the listed fees, even if not checked.
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2.Reimbursable Expenses
In addition to the above fees, the Administrator will reimburse Ultimus or pay directly certain expenses incurred on the Funds’ behalf, including, but not limited to, postage, confirmations, statement and confirmation development, shareholder applications and forms, printing, telephone lines, Internet access fees, bank service charges, stationery, envelopes, check printing and writing, AML verification, record retention, lost shareholder search, VRU maintenance and development, Fund specific Fund/Serv and Networking costs, Blue Sky state registration fees, and other industry standard transfer agent expenses. For the avoidance of doubt, and notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, the Administrator agrees to reimburse Ultimus for expenses incurred by Ultimus in the production and dissemination of trade confirmations, account statements, and tax forms.
3.Term
1.1.Initial Term. This Fee Schedule shall continue in effect, unless earlier terminated under Section 3.3 below, until the expiration of the Master Services Agreement’s Initial Term (the “Initial Term”).
1.2.Renewal Terms. After the Initial Term, this Fee Schedule shall automatically renew for successive one-year periods (each a “Renewal Term”) unless Ultimus, the Trust, or the Administrator gives written notice of termination at least 120 days prior to the end of the Initial Term or the then-current Renewal Term.
1.3.Termination. Ultimus or the Trust may terminate the Agreement entirely or on behalf of a Trust as set forth in the Agreement. Any such termination shall be treated as a termination of this Fee Schedule with respect to each Trust as to which the termination applies, in which case the subject Trust(s) or the Administrator shall be responsible for payment of any amounts required to be paid under the Agreement, including, without limitation, any applicable Early Termination Fee, any reimbursements for cash disbursements made by Ultimus and any fee for deconversion or liquidation services.
1.4.Early Termination. Any Early Termination under the Agreement with respect to transfer agency services shall subject the subject Trust(s) or the Administrator to paying an “Early Termination Fee” equal to the fee amounts due to Ultimus through the end of the then-current term as calculated in this Fee Schedule, including the repayment of any negotiated discounts provided by Ultimus during the then-current term.
1.5.Deconversion. Ultimus will cooperate with any reasonable request of the Administrator to effect a prompt transition to a new service provider selected by the Administrator. In consideration for which, Ultimus shall be entitled to collect from the Trust or the Administrator the amount of all of Ultimus’ cash disbursements reasonably made for services in connection with Ultimus’ activities in effecting such transition, including, without limitation, the delivery to the Trust or its designees of the Trust’s property, records, instruments, and documents, and a fee for transfer agency deconversion services of not less than $20,000.
1.6.Liquidation. In the event any Trust is liquidated, Ultimus shall be entitled to collect from the Trust or the Administrator the amount of all of Ultimus’ cash disbursements reasonably made for
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services in connection with Ultimus’ activities in effecting such liquidation, including, without limitation, the delivery to the Trust or its designees of the Trust’s property, records, instruments, and documents, and a reasonable fee for transfer agency liquidation services of not less than $1,500 per Trust.
1.7.Restructuring. In the event any Trust undergoes a restructuring event, including, without limitation, any merger, acquisition, or reorganization event, which does not involve transition to a new service provider as would a deconversion, but does require Ultimus to perform transfer agency services outside of the ordinary course, Ultimus shall be entitled to collect from the Trust or the Administrator a transfer agency restructuring fee of not less than $10,000, which shall be in addition to any hourly event processing charge that Ultimus is permitted to charge.
4.Fee Increases
On each anniversary date of the Agreement, Ultimus will increase the fees set forth in this Fee Schedule by an amount not to exceed the average annual change for the prior calendar year in the Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers - All Items (seasonally adjusted)4.
5.Amendment
The parties may only amend this Fee Schedule by written amendment signed by all the parties.
Signatures are located on the next page.
4 Using 1982-84=100 as a base, unless otherwise noted in reports by the Bureau of Labor Statistics.
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August 1, 2024
The parties duly executed this Sub-Transfer Agent and Shareholder Services Fee Schedule August 1, 2024.
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| Diamond Hill Capital Management Inc. | | | Ultimus Fund Solutions, LLC |
By: | /s/Thomas E. Line | |
By: | /s/ Gary Tenkman |
Name: | Thomas E. Line | | Name: | Gary Tenkman |
Title: | Chief Financial Officer | | Title: | Chief Executive Officer |
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August 1, 2024
August 29, 2024
Diamond Hill Securitized Credit Fund
325 John H. McConnell Blvd., Suite 200
Columbus, OH 43215
Re: Registration Statement on Form N-2 (SEC File Nos. 333-279166, 811-23964)
Dear Board Members:
This letter is in response to your request for our opinion in connection with the filing of Pre-Effective Amendment No. 1 to the Registration Statement, File Nos. 333-279166 and 811-23964 (the “Registration Statement”) for Diamond Hill Securitized Credit Fund (the "Fund").
We have examined a copy of the Fund's Agreement and Declaration of Trust, the Fund's By-laws, the Fund’s record of various actions taken by the Trustees thereof, and all agreement, certificates of public officials, certificates of officers and representatives of the Fund and others, and such other documents, papers, statutes and authorities as we deem necessary to form the basis of the option hereinafter expressed. We have assumed the genuineness of the signatures and the conformity to original documents of the copies of such documents supplied to us as copies thereof.
Based upon the foregoing, we are of the opinion that, after the Registration Statement is effective for purposes of applicable federal and state securities laws, the shares of the Fund, if issued in accordance with the then current Prospectus and Statement of Additional Information of the Fund, will be legally issued, fully paid and non-assessable. The opinions expressed herein are limited to matters of Delaware statutory trust law and United States federal law as such laws exist today; we express no opinion as to the effect of any applicable law of any other jurisdiction. We assume no obligation to update or supplement our opinion to reflect any facts or circumstances that may hereafter come to our attention, or changes in law that may hereafter occur.
We hereby give you our permission to file this opinion with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission as an exhibit to the Pre-Effective Amendment No. 1 to the Registration Statement. This opinion may not be filed with any subsequent amendment, or incorporated by reference into a subsequent amendment, without our prior written consent. This opinion is prepared for the Trust and its shareholders and may not be relied upon by any other person or organization without our prior written approval.
Very truly yours,
/s/ Thompson Hine LLP
Thompson Hine LLP
Diamond Hill Capital Management, Inc.
Diamond Hill Funds
Diamond Hill Securitized Credit Fund
Code of Ethics
Statement of General Principles
The Diamond Hill Funds and the Diamond Hill Securitized Credit Fund (collectively, the “Funds”), and Diamond Hill Capital Management, Inc. (“Diamond Hill”), the Funds’ investment adviser, have adopted this Code of Ethics (the “Code”) for the purpose of instructing all Affiliated Persons of their ethical obligations and to provide policies and procedures related to the following three areas:
1.Personal securities transactions
2.Gifts and entertainment
3.Outside business activities and family member relationships
The Code has been adopted by Diamond Hill and the Funds pursuant to Rule 17j-1 of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “1940 Act”), and Rule 204A-1 of the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended (the “Advisers Act”). Capitalized terms are defined throughout and in the Appendix.
The Funds’ officers and trustees owe a fiduciary duty to the Funds and their shareholders. In addition, Diamond Hill’s employees, officers, and directors owe a fiduciary duty to their investment advisory clients (“Client”) in addition to the Funds and their shareholders. A fiduciary duty means a duty of loyalty, fairness, good faith, and the obligation to adhere not only to the specific provisions of this Code but to the general principles that guide the Code and to other applicable provisions of the federal securities laws. These general principles are:
•The duty to govern, which is the obligation imposed on trustees to manage the business affairs of the Funds;
•The duty of diligence, which is the standard of care to which Affiliated Persons are expected to adhere when performing the duties of their positions;
•The duty of loyalty to the Funds and Clients, which requires Affiliated Persons to avoid any conflict of interest or self-dealing, and bars them from taking advantage of a business opportunity that comes to their attention only by virtue of their positions;
•The requirement that the interest of Funds’ shareholders and Clients must be placed before the interests of Affiliated Persons at all times;
•The requirement that all personal securities transactions be conducted in a manner consistent with the Code and in such a manner as to avoid any actual or potential conflict of interest or any abuse of any individual's position of trust and responsibility;
•The requirement that all Affiliated Persons comply with applicable federal securities laws;
•The requirement that all Affiliated Persons fully disclose all potential conflicts of interest; and
•The fundamental standard that such Affiliated Persons should not take inappropriate advantage of their positions.
It is imperative that the personal trading activities of the Affiliated Persons be conducted with the highest regard for these general principles to avoid any possible conflict of interest, any appearance of a conflict, or activities that
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could lead to disciplinary action. This includes executing transactions through or for the benefit of a third party when the transaction is not in keeping with the general principles of this Code. All personal securities transactions of Diamond Hill’s employees must also comply with Diamond Hill Investment Group, Inc.’s Material Non-Public Information Policy and Procedures. In addition, all personal securities transactions must comply with Rule 17j-1 of the 1940 Act and Rule 204A-1 under the Advisers Act. Under these rules, no Affiliated Person may:
•employ any device, scheme, or artifice to defraud a Fund, its shareholders, or Client;
•make to a Fund, its shareholders, or Client any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact in order to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which they are made, not misleading;
•engage in any act, practice, or course of business that operates or would operate as a fraud or deceit upon a Fund, its shareholders, or Client; or
•engage in any manipulative practice with respect to a Fund, its shareholders, or Client.
Additional General Principles, Requirements, and Restrictions
•Affiliated Persons shall comply at all times with all applicable federal securities laws. Federal securities laws mean the Securities Act of 1933, the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the 1940 Act, the Advisers Act, ERISA, Title V of the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act, the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, the Dodd-Frank Act of 2010, the JOBS Act of 2012, any rules adopted by the Securities & Exchange Commission under any of these statutes, the Bank Secrecy Act as it applies to funds and investment advisers, and any rules adopted thereunder by the Securities & Exchange Commission or the Department of the Treasury.
•Affiliated Persons shall at all times safeguard client information, maintain the confidentiality of client identities, security holdings, security transactions, financial circumstances and other confidential information. Affiliated Persons are prohibited from taking any Confidential Information when leaving their employment with Diamond Hill or their affiliation with the Funds and are prohibited from using or disclosing such Confidential Information for their own benefit or for the benefit of others including any new employer or prospective new employer.
•Employees are prohibited from serving on the boards of directors of publicly traded companies without the written pre-approval of the CCO. The consideration of pre-approval will be based upon a determination that the board service will be consistent with the interests of the Funds or Clients. In the event that board service is authorized, Employees serving as directors will be isolated from other Employees making investment decisions with respect to the securities of the company in question.
•Affiliated Persons shall report any violations of this Code promptly to the CCO.
Section 1: Personal Investment Policies
Mutual Funds – 90 Day Holding Period
To align Employees’ interest with those of the Funds and their shareholders, all Employees are encouraged to own shares of the Funds. Employees owning shares of the Funds are required to do so for a minimum of 90 days. This includes shares held in all Employee Accounts, including any employer-sponsored retirement plans and any deferred compensation plans of Diamond Hill. The 90-day holding period is measured on a Last-In-First-Out (LIFO) basis and shall be inclusive of all Employee Accounts. For example, if an Employee purchases shares of a fund in their IRA, they are prohibited from selling shares of the same fund in their IRA or any other accounts during the 90-day holding period. Shares purchased as part of a systematic investment program are not subject to the 90-day holding period. In addition to the Funds, the 90-day holding period also applies to any open-end
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mutual fund or collective investment trust (CIT) that is advised or sub-advised by Diamond Hill. The 90-day holding period does not apply to other third party open-end mutual funds, ETFs or money market mutual funds.
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Exempt Securities
The following securities are allowed to be purchased and held, and are exempt from any reporting under this Code:
•securities issued by the United States Government (US Treasury Securities)
•bankers’ acceptances or bank certificates of deposit
•commercial paper
•high quality short-term debt instruments, including repurchase agreements
•shares issued by a money market fund
•shares of unaffiliated open-end mutual funds that are acquired through:
oparticipation in a 529 Plan
oan employer-sponsored retirement plan, such as a 401k or 403b, as long as such plan has a fixed pre-determined investment menu and the Employee has not enrolled in, or does not otherwise use, a self-directed brokerage option
oa Health Savings Account, as long as the account’s investment options are limited to a fixed pre-determined investment menu and the Employee has not enrolled in, or does not otherwise use, a self-directed brokerage option
•Virtual Currencies or Cryptocurrencies, such as Bitcoin, are not currently considered Securities and therefore, direct investment in these currencies is expressly exempt from this Code and does not need to be precleared or reported1
Exempt Transactions
The following transactions are permitted and exempt from any transaction level reporting under this Code. Transactions which are:
•effected in an account or in a manner over which the Employee has no direct or indirect influence or control
•pursuant to a systematic dividend reinvestment plan
•in connection with the exercise or sale of rights to purchase additional securities from an issuer and granted by such issuer pro-rata to all holders of a class of its securities
•in connection with the call by the issuer of a preferred stock or bond
•pursuant to the exercise by a second party of a put or call option
•closing transactions no more than five business days prior to the expiration of a related put or call option
Prohibited Securities
Employees may not purchase any of the following securities:
•U.S. and non-U.S. equities, which include American depository receipts (ADRs), real estate investment trusts (REITs), master limited partnerships, and business development corporations
•U.S. and non-U.S. taxable fixed income securities
•Puts, calls, futures, or any other derivative on U.S. and non-U.S. equity and taxable fixed income securities
•Initial Coin Offerings, Virtual Tokens Offerings, Virtual Coin Offerings, or derivatives on any of these
1 Indirect investment in Bitcoin, or other virtual or cryptocurrencies, through a publicly tradable security, including a Statutory Trust traded over the counter (OTC), is permitted but must be disclosed under Section 2 of this Code.
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•Open-end or closed-end mutual funds, including exchange traded funds (ETFs) and variable annuities that are in any one of the following Morningstar Categories2:
oSmall Value
oMid-Cap Value
oLarge Value
oLong-Short Equity
oForeign Large Value
oShort-Term Bond
oIntermediate Core Bond
•The following investments are permitted, and expressly excluded from the above prohibitions:
othe Funds
oother registered investment companies in which Diamond Hill serves as the adviser or sub-adviser
ofunds offered through Diamond Hill’s or a defined family member’s employer sponsored retirement plan (“Plan”) as long as the purchase of such funds are made within the respective Plan
oshares of Diamond Hill Investment Group, Inc. (“DHIL”)
oshares of public equity securities issued by an Employee or Family Member’s employer or former employer and obtained through an employer-sponsored retirement plan (such as a 401k plan), employee stock ownership plan, or that was granted as a form of compensation
The CCO may grant exceptions to the above prohibitions. If any exceptions are granted, any transactions executed are still subject to the restrictions outlined in the Executing Security Transactions sub-section below.
Executing Security Transactions
Employees may purchase or sell an allowable Security or sell a Prohibited Security that was owned either prior to employment by Diamond Hill or prior to the adoption of this revised Code subject to the following provisions.
Employees may not execute a Security Transaction within seven (7) calendar days before or after a transaction in the same Security or a Related Security has been executed on behalf of a Fund or Client. This prohibition does not apply to a sale (or cumulative sales on a given trading day) of an individual security under the following circumstances:
1.if the total sale proceeds are less than $50,000 and
2.the security has a market capitalization in excess of $1 billion.
If the CCO determines that an Employee has violated this prohibition, the transaction must be unwound. If it is not possible or practical to unwind the transaction and the Employee received a more favorable price than a Fund, then the Employee must disgorge to the Fund the value received due to the favorable price differential. For example, if the Employee sold 100 shares at $11 per share, and the Fund sold 1000 shares at $10 per share, the Employee will pay $100 (100 shares x $1 differential) to the Fund. If only a Client account is affected, the Employee may pay the differential ($100 in this example) to a selected charity of their choice at the discretion of the CCO.
Private Placements
2 For funds not categorized by Morningstar, the CCO or designee will determine eligibility on a case-by-case basis.
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Any purchase of a private placement security must be pre-approved by the CCO. In connection with a private placement acquisition, the CCO will take into account, among other factors, whether the investment opportunity should be reserved for a Fund or Client, whether the opportunity is being offered to the Employee by virtue of the Employee's position with the Funds or Diamond Hill and whether the investment opportunity is consistent with the overall spirit of the Code. The CCO shall retain a record of any such pre-approval. If authorized, Employees must disclose any subsequent investment in the same issuer if and when that occurs. To avoid a conflict of interest, any decision to purchase securities of the same issuer on behalf of a Fund or Client will be independently reviewed by Diamond Hill personnel who have no personal interest in the issuer.
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Initial Public Offering (“IPO”)
Employees are prohibited from acquiring any Securities in an IPO. This restriction is imposed in order to preclude any possibility of an Employee profiting improperly from their position with the Funds or Diamond Hill.
New Brokerage Accounts
New brokerage or securities accounts should be disclosed upon opening the account, but no later than 30 days after the calendar quarter-end in which the account was opened. Before opening an account, consideration should be given to the broker/dealer or custodian’s ability to electronically transmit transactions and holdings as required in Section 2 of the Code of Ethics.
Section 2: Personal Investment Disclosure and Affirmation Procedures
New Employees
Within ten (10) days of becoming an Employee, each new Employee must:
1.Certify that they have received, read, and understand this Code and acknowledge that they are subject to it.
2.Disclose a holdings report containing the following information dated within 45 days of becoming an Employee:
a.the title, type of security, ticker symbol or CUSIP (if applicable), number of shares or principal amount of each Security, other than Exempt Securities, in which the Employee had any direct or indirect beneficial ownership when the person became an Employee;
b.the name of the broker, dealer, bank, or other financial institution (“Broker”) where any Security is held for the direct or indirect benefit of the Employee as of the date the person became an Employee; and
c.the date that the report is submitted by the Employee.
All Employees
At least once in each 12-month period (generally as of December 31 of each year), each Employee must certify that they have read and understand the Code and recognize that they are subject to it, and must disclose to the CCO security holdings containing the following information current as of a date within 45 days of the date submitted:
1.the title, type of security, ticker symbol or CUSIP (if applicable), number of shares or principal amount of each Security, other than Exempt Securities, in which the Employee had any direct or indirect beneficial ownership;
2.the name of the Broker where any Security is held for the direct or indirect benefit of the Employee; and
3.the date that the report is submitted by the Employee.
Duplicate Statements and Confirmations
All Employees must provide copies of all security transaction reports to the CCO or provide electronic access to their Employee Account records. Electronic access is granted to the CCO via a secure network which provides data feeds for security transactions and account holdings. Security transactions in Employee Accounts that have not been granted electronic access must be manually recorded in the secure network.
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Each Employee must disclose, no later than thirty (30) calendar days after the close of each calendar quarter all transactions in which the Employee acquired or disposed of any direct or indirect Beneficial Interest in a Security, excluding Exempt Securities. Each transaction report must contain, at a minimum, the following information about each transaction involving a reportable security in which the Employee had, or as a result of the transaction acquired, any direct or indirect beneficial ownership:
1.The date of the transaction, the price at which the transaction was effected, the title and as applicable the ticker symbol or CUSIP number, interest rate and maturity date, number of shares, and principal amount of each reportable security involved;
2.The nature of the transaction (i.e. purchase, sale or any other type of transaction);
3.The name of the broker/dealer with or through which the transaction was effected;
4.The date the Employee submits the report.
An affirmation request will be sent to all Employees quarterly through the compliance system showing all transactions that have been received or entered requiring Employee attestation. In addition, each Employee must certify that they have reported all transactions required to be disclosed pursuant to the requirements of this Code.
Exceptions to Reporting
Transactions and holdings in charitable giving accounts are excluded from the above quarterly transaction and holdings reporting requirement so long as the Employee or Family Member does not have investment discretion over the assets in the account.
Roommate Disclosure
All Employees must disclose if they live in the same household with a non-spouse adult (“Roommate”). New Employees must report this within ten (10) days of becoming an Employee, and existing Employees have a continual ongoing obligation to promptly disclose any new arrangement of living in the same household with a Roommate. All Employees living with a Roommate must also affirm annually the following:
1.that they have not and will not disclose information to their Roommate about any security transactions executed or under consideration for execution on behalf of the Funds or a Client,
2.that they are not aware of any inadvertent disclosure to their Roommate of security transactions described above, and
3.if they are aware of any security transactions executed by their Roommate as a result of intentional or inadvertent disclosure of security transactions described above, that they will immediately report it to the CCO.
Provisions for Independent Trustees
While Independent Trustees of the Funds are subject at all times to the fiduciary obligations described in this Code and the 90-day holding period related to the Funds, the remainder of the Personal Investment Policies and Disclosure and Affirmation Procedures of this Code apply to Independent Trustees only if they involve the purchase or sale of a Security and the Independent Trustee in the ordinary course of fulfilling the duties of that position, and not through public disclosure, knew or should have known, that during the fifteen days immediately preceding or after the date of their transaction that the same Security or a Related Security was or was to be purchased or sold for a Fund or that such purchase or sale for a Fund was being considered, in which case such Sections apply only to such transaction.
CCO Monitoring and Reporting Procedures
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The CCO, or their delegate, will review all trade confirmations or transaction data feeds provided by Brokers no less frequently than quarterly, to determine whether any violations of this Code occurred. The Employee's annual disclosure of Securities holdings will be reviewed by the CCO, or their delegate, for compliance with this Code, and to identify any trading patterns that may be inconsistent with this Code. In the case of the CCO covered under this Code, the CCO’s direct manager will perform the same monitoring and review described above.
At least annually, the CCO will report to the Funds’ board of trustees regarding existing procedures and any changes in the procedures made during the past year. The CCO will also certify to the Funds’ board of trustees that the Funds and Diamond Hill have adopted procedures reasonably necessary to prevent Employees from violating this Code. The report will identify any violations of this Code, any significant remedial action during the past year, and any recommended procedural or substantive changes to this Code based on the CCO’s experience under this Code, evolving industry practices, or legal developments.
The CCO will inform the Employees of their reporting obligations, supply a copy of the Code, and receive from Employees an acknowledgement of their receipt of this Code. The CCO will cause the Funds and Diamond Hill to maintain records in the manner and to the extent set out in Rule 17j-1(f) of the 1940 Act and 204A-1 of the Advisers Act.
Section 3: Gifts and Entertainment
As fiduciaries to our Clients, we must always place our Clients’ interests first and cannot allow gifts or entertainment opportunities to influence the actions we take on behalf of our Clients. Diamond Hill recognizes that the establishment and maintenance of strong relationships with Clients, vendors, intermediaries and consultants is integral to the firm’s ability to provide effective investment management services. Diamond Hill further recognizes that routine business lunches or dinners or attendance at cultural or sporting events are good mechanisms for building and maintaining these relationships. As such, this policy is to encourage business entertainment provided it is neither so frequent nor excessive as to raise any question of propriety, and it is not preconditioned on achievement of any business activity or other incentives.
This business gift and entertainment section applies to Diamond Hill employees and their Family Members. It does not apply to personal gifts or entertainment that an Employee may receive from or give to friends or acquaintances who happen to work in the financial services industry, as long as the gift or entertainment is based on the Employee’s or their Family Member’s personal relationship and is not made in connection with their employment at Diamond Hill.
Some Diamond Hill employees hold active securities registrations (such as a Series 6 or Series 7) through Foreside Financial Services, LLC (“Foreside”). Those Employees are subject to policies and procedures adopted by Foreside to ensure compliance with applicable FINRA Conduct Rules. In the event that Foreside policies and procedures concerning gifts and entertainment are more stringent than those outlined in the Code, the Foreside policies and procedures will take precedence.
Employees are expressly prohibited from using their position at Diamond Hill to solicit gifts or entertainment from Clients, vendors, prospective vendors, service providers, prospective service providers, intermediaries, or consultants.
Accepting Gifts
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Employees and their Family Members may only accept gifts with an approximate value of $100 (excluding taxes/delivery charges) or less per calendar year from a single source. They may not accept a gift of cash, gift cards, gift certificates, or anything else that is usable as cash, regardless of the amount. Any gift received must be disclosed at the time of receipt within the compliance system. Logoed or branded promotional items of a de minimis value (i.e. less than $25) are exempt from the $100 limit and do not need to be disclosed as a gift received. If an Employee or their Family Members receive a gift that exceeds the limitation of this policy, they must still disclose it in the compliance system and either return it to the sender or donate it to charity. Gifts from one Employee to another Employee are permitted and excluded from this policy.
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Accepting Business Meals
Employees may accept business meals as long as neither the cost nor the frequency is excessive and there is a legitimate business purpose. If the host is a Broker/Dealer or Research Provider, please refer to the Gifts, Meals, and Entertainment from Broker/Dealers and Research Providers section below.
Accepting Entertainment Opportunities
Diamond Hill recognizes that participation in entertainment opportunities with representatives from organizations with which the firm does business, such as consultants, Broker/Dealers, Research Providers, vendors, and companies in which we may invest Client assets, can help to further legitimate business interests. However, participation in such entertainment opportunities should be infrequent and is subject to the following conditions:
•A representative of the hosting organization must be present.
•The primary purpose of the event must be to discuss business or to build a business relationship.
•If the host is a Broker/Dealer or Research Provider, the host must be reimbursed for the full cost of the entertainment opportunity. Please note that even if an Employee or Diamond Hill reimburses the full cost of the entertainment opportunity, an Employee may attend the event only if the host is present. Whenever possible, Employees should arrange for any required reimbursement prior to attending an entertainment event.
•The entertainment opportunity should not be considered extravagant or excessive.
Lodging and Air Travel
Employees may not accept a gift of lodging or air travel in connection with any entertainment opportunity. If an Employee participates in an entertainment opportunity for which lodging or air travel is paid for by the host, the Employee must reimburse the host for the equivalent cost.
Soliciting Gifts, Entertainment Opportunities, or Contributions
In their capacity as Employees of Diamond Hill, Employees may not solicit gifts, entertainment opportunities, or charitable or political contributions for themselves, or on behalf of Clients, prospects, or others, from brokers, vendors, Clients, or consultants with whom the firm conducts business or from companies in which the firm may invest Client assets.
Giving Gifts
Employees may not give any gift valued at more than $100 (excluding taxes/delivery charges) to any individual per calendar year. Employees must receive pre-approval prior to giving any gift. Such pre-approval should be requested through the compliance system. Any Diamond Hill logoed or branded promotional items of a de minimis value (i.e. less than $25) are exempt from the $100 limit and do not need to be pre-approved or disclosed. Any Diamond Hill logoed or branded promotional item of $25 or more should continue to be pre-approved prior to giving the gift. Employees may not give a gift of cash, gift cards, gift certificates, or anything else that is usable as cash, regardless of the amount. Diamond Hill employees should be familiar with any potential gift restrictions of Clients, intermediaries, or prospective Clients before giving any gift as they may have additional restrictions or reporting requirements that need to be followed.
Giving Meals and Entertainment
Diamond Hill employees may not provide extravagant, excessive, or frequent meals or entertainment to any Client, prospective Client, intermediary, consultant, or other person or organization providing services to, or
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seeking to do business with or on behalf of Diamond Hill. Providing meals and/or entertainment that is infrequent, reasonable, and customary under the circumstances is permitted. The Diamond Hill employee providing the meal and/or entertainment must be present at the event. If the Diamond Hill employee is not present, the meal or entertainment will be considered a gift subject to the $100 limit.
Gifts, Meals, and Entertainment from Broker/Dealers and Research Providers
Notwithstanding the above policies, Diamond Hill employees and their Family Members are prohibited from accepting from any Broker/Dealer or Research Provider any compensation, including gifts and entertainment, for the purchase or sale of any security and other portfolio holdings, to or from any Client account, including the Funds.
•This prohibition of accepting gifts and entertainment from Broker/Dealers and Research Providers includes, but is not limited to, gifts, meals, concerts, sporting events, cocktail events, golf outings, and other similar events or performances. If a Diamond Hill employee or their Family Member receives a gift from a Broker/Dealer or Research Provider, the Employee should disclose the receipt of the gift in the compliance system and either return the gift to sender or donate the gift to charity.
•Excluded from this prohibition are logoed or branded promotional items of de minimis value (i.e., less than $25).
•Excluded from this prohibition are modest refreshments, including breakfast or lunch, brought into a meeting site during a working meeting or provided at an educational seminar or conference sponsored by a Broker/Dealer or Research Provider.
•Employees may attend business meals and entertainment events with Broker/Dealers or Research Providers that otherwise may be prohibited provided that they or Diamond Hill pay the proportional cost of their meal or entertainment event. If the opportunity to pay the proportional cost of a meal does not present itself, then the Employee should report the circumstance to the CCO who will determine the appropriate resolution.
Gifts and Entertainment to Government Affiliated Persons.
In addition to the restrictions noted above, no gift, meal, entertainment or any other item of value may be given, directly or indirectly, to any government affiliated person unless the giving of such thing of value is pre‐approved by the CCO. A “government affiliated person” includes, but is not limited to, any person (including such person's spouse or other Family Member) affiliated with a governmental plan or a governmental entity, at any jurisdictional level. “Item of value” is very broadly defined and includes, but is not limited to, logo/promotional items, meals (regardless of setting), drinks, business entertainment events, and tickets to any type of event. As indicated above, this restriction does not apply to personal gifts or entertainment that an Employee may give to friends or acquaintances who happen to work for a governmental entity, provided the gift or entertainment is based on the Employee’s or their Family Member’s personal relationship and is not made in connection with the Employee’s employment at Diamond Hill.
Section 4: Outside Business Activities and Family Member Disclosure
To properly identify, manage, and mitigate potential conflicts of interest, it is necessary for Diamond Hill to identify its Employees’ outside business activities and family member relationships that may present a potential conflict of interest.
Outside Business Activity
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An Outside Business Activity is any activity in which an Employee of Diamond Hill receives income or wages (other than passive investment income), or has a reasonable expectation of receiving income or wages for certain activities they perform or engage in. An Outside Business Activity could also include unpaid services such as serving on the board (or advisory board) or in a management capacity of an academic institution, charitable organization, or other non-profit, where the Employee may be involved in governance activities including the hiring of vendors, money managers, or oversight (directly or indirectly) of financial or investment accounts of the organization. Routine volunteer activities are not considered an Outside Business Activity.
Family Member Relationships
A Family Member Relationship must be disclosed when a Family Member or other close relative’s employment, board membership, political position, or other activity could create a potential conflict (or the appearance of a conflict) with Diamond Hill, its Clients, or the Funds. The following are examples of Family Member Relationships that should be disclosed:
•your spouse is employed at a firm that Diamond Hill or the Funds do business with,
•your aunt or uncle works in the C-Suite or other senior position of a publicly traded company (where they may frequently be in possession of material non-public information),
•your parent or in-law works on the sell-side trade desk at Goldman Sachs,
•your child is a research analyst at Stifel Nicolaus,
•your close cousin is a trustee for a city retirement plan, or
•your sibling serves on the board of trustees of a university or other non-profit.
Policy
All Diamond Hill employees must disclose any Outside Business Activities or Family Member Relationships, such as those described above, that may present a potential conflict, an actual conflict, or the appearance of a conflict of interest with Diamond Hill, its Clients, or the Funds. To mitigate potential conflicts of interest, Diamond Hill may impose specific conditions or limitations on an Employee’s Outside Business Activity or where circumstances warrant, prohibit the activity outright.
Disclosure Procedure
Within ten (10) days of becoming a Diamond Hill employee, each new employee must disclose any Outside Business Activities or Family Member Relationships via the compliance system. In addition, all Employees have a continual ongoing obligation to promptly disclose any new Outside Business Activity or Family Member Relationship. Notwithstanding this continual disclosure obligation, all Employees will be required to review and confirm their disclosed Outside Business Activities and Family Member Relationships on an annual basis.
The CCO or the CCO’s delegate will monitor and evaluate all Employee disclosures to determine if the disclosed activity or relationship could create a conflict of interest with Diamond Hill, its Clients, or the Funds. The CCO will also evaluate the materiality of any conflicts to determine if it rises to the level that:
1.may require additional policies and procedures to mitigate or manage the conflict, and/or
2.the conflict should be disclosed to Clients or the board of trustees of the Funds.
Section 5: Sanctions
Strict compliance with the provisions of the Code is considered to be a basic provision of employment. Any violation of the Code by an Employee may result in disciplinary action, which may include, but is not limited to unwinding of trades, disgorgement of profits, warning, monetary fine or censure, suspension of personal trading
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privileges, and suspension or termination of employment. Repeated offenses will likely be subject to additional sanctions of increasing severity.
Section 6: Training
On an annual basis, the CCO, or their delegate, will conduct training with Diamond Hill employees to help ensure compliance with all sections of the Code.
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Appendix - Definitions
Affiliated Persons: an employee, officer or trustee of the Funds or an employee, officer or director of Diamond Hill Capital Management, Inc.
Beneficial Interest: ownership or any benefits of ownership, including the opportunity to directly or indirectly profit or otherwise obtain financial benefits from any interest in a Security.
Broker/Dealer: any person or organization engaged in the business of effecting transactions in securities for the account of others.
Chief Compliance Officer (“CCO”): the CCO for Diamond Hill and the Funds, including any such designee(s) of the CCO.
Confidential Information: includes but is not limited to, 1) any client information that is not already public information, 2) any employee personal, financial, or employment data, 3) any non-public investment research information obtained or derived (data or written), and 4) any other corporate information not already disclosed on the Company’s web site or in other public filings.
Cryptocurrency: any virtual or digital representation of value, token or other asset in which encryption techniques are used to regulate the generation of such assets and to verify the transfer of assets, which is not a Security or otherwise characterized as a security under federal securities laws.
Independent Trustees: trustees who are not interested persons of the Funds, as defined in the 1940 Act, as amended, and whose affiliation with the Funds is solely by reason of being a trustee of the Funds.
Employees: the officers of the Funds and the employees, officers and directors of Diamond Hill. The CCO will maintain a current list of all Employees. All employees of Diamond Hill are considered to have access to non-public information regarding a Fund's purchase or sale of securities and its portfolio holdings and are, therefore, considered (“Access Persons”), as that term is defined in Rule 17j-1. Notwithstanding the foregoing, so long as the Funds’ principal underwriter or another company providing services to Diamond Hill or the Funds (“Service Providers”) has adopted a code of ethics which it certifies complies with Rule 17j-1 under the 1940 Act, as amended, the term Employees shall not include any director, officer, partner or employee of the Service Providers who is also an officer of the Funds.
Employee Account: each account in which an Employee or Family Member has any direct or indirect Beneficial Interest or over which such person exercises control or discretion, including but not limited to any joint account, partnership, corporation, trust, or estate. Employee Accounts do not include accounts in which an Employee’s family member exercises investment discretion in a fiduciary capacity for the benefit of others who are not considered family members as defined in this paragraph.
Family Member: includes immediate family members living in the same household and any other relative of the Employee (including in-laws) to whose support an Employee directly or indirectly contributes or who the Employee exercises discretion on securities transactions.
Initial Coin Offering: initial coin offerings, virtual tokens offerings, virtual coin offerings (also called ICOs, virtual coins or token sales) are digital assets used by individuals or entities to raise capital. In return a purchaser receives certain rights, ranging from access to a future service once launched to rights to future profits. Virtual coins or tokens are purchased with either traditional currencies or virtual currencies. After they are issued, virtual coins or tokens may be resold to others in a secondary market.
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Research Provider: person or organization that provides investment research that may be used in the investment decision making process. They may or may not be a Broker/Dealer.
Security: any note, stock, treasury stock, security future, bond, debenture, evidence of indebtedness, certificate of interest or participation in any profit-sharing agreement, collateral-trust certificate, pre-organization certificate or subscription, transferable share, investment contract, voting-trust certificate, certificate of deposit for a security, fractional undivided interest in oil, gas or other mineral rights, any put, call, straddle, option, or privilege on any security (including a certificate of deposit) or on any group or index of securities (including any interest therein or based on the value thereof), or any put, call, straddle, option, or privilege entered into on a national securities exchange relating to foreign currency, or, in general, any interest or instrument commonly known as a “security”, or any certificate of interest or participation in, temporary or interim certificate for, receipt for, guarantee of, or warrant or right to subscribe to or purchase any of the foregoing.
Related Security: securities issued by the same issuer or issuer under common control, or when either security gives the holder any contractual rights with respect to the other security, including options, warrants or other convertible securities.
Securities Transaction: the purchase or sale, or any action to accomplish the purchase or sale, of a Security for an Employee Account. The term Securities Transaction does not include transactions executed by the Adviser for the benefit of unaffiliated persons, such as clients.
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POWER OF ATTORNEY
WHEREAS, Diamond Hill Securitized Credit Fund (the “Trust”), a Delaware statutory trust organized under the laws of the State of Delaware, periodically files proxy statements and amendments to its Registration Statement with the Securities and Exchange Commission under the provisions of the Securities Act of 1933 and the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended; and
WHEREAS, the undersigned is a Trustee of the Trust.
NOW THEREFORE, the undersigned hereby constitutes and appoints Alyssa A. Bentz and Karen R. Colvin, and each of them, her true and lawful attorney and agent, with the power and authority to sign on behalf of the undersigned, the name of the undersigned as Trustee of the Trust to any proxy statement, registration statement, or to any amendment thereto, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission with respect to the shares of beneficial interest of the Trust and to any instrument or document filed as part of, as an exhibit to, or in connect with any such proxy statement, registration statement, or any amendment thereto.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned has hereunto set her hand this 6th day of May 2024.
/s/Jo Ann Quinif____________________
Jo Ann Quinif
Trustee
STATE OF OHIO )
) ss:
COUNTY OF FRANKLIN )
Before me, a Notary Public, in and for said county and state, personally appeared Jo Ann Quinif, known to me to be the person described in and who executed the foregoing instrument, and who acknowledged to me that she executed and delivered the same for purposes therein expressed.
WITNESS my hand and official seal this 6th day of May 2024.
/s/Erin Dillon_________
Notary Public
My Commission Expires: 05/01/2026
POWER OF ATTORNEY
WHEREAS, Diamond Hill Securitized Credit Fund (the “Trust”), a Delaware statutory trust organized under the laws of the State of Delaware, periodically files proxy statements and amendments to its Registration Statement with the Securities and Exchange Commission under the provisions of the Securities Act of 1933 and the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended; and
WHEREAS, the undersigned is a Trustee of the Trust.
NOW THEREFORE, the undersigned hereby constitutes and appoints Alyssa A. Bentz and Karen R. Colvin, and each of them, her true and lawful attorney and agent, with the power and authority to sign on behalf of the undersigned, the name of the undersigned as Trustee of the Trust to any proxy statement, registration statement, or to any amendment thereto, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission with respect to the shares of beneficial interest of the Trust and to any instrument or document filed as part of, as an exhibit to, or in connect with any such proxy statement, registration statement, or any amendment thereto.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned has hereunto set her hand this 21st day of August 2024.
/s/Tamar L. Fagely
Tamara L. Fagely
Trustee
STATE OF OHIO )
) ss:
COUNTY OF FRANKLIN )
Before me, a Notary Public, in and for said county and state, personally appeared Tamara L. Fagely, known to me to be the person described in and who executed the foregoing instrument, and who acknowledged to me that she executed and delivered the same for purposes therein expressed.
WITNESS my hand and official seal this 21st day of August 2024.
/s/Erin Dillon
Notary Public
My Commission Expires: 05/01/2026
POWER OF ATTORNEY
WHEREAS, Diamond Hill Securitized Credit Fund (the “Trust”), a Delaware statutory trust organized under the laws of the State of Delaware, periodically files proxy statements and amendments to its Registration Statement with the Securities and Exchange Commission under the provisions of the Securities Act of 1933 and the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended; and
WHEREAS, the undersigned is a Trustee of the Trust.
NOW THEREFORE, the undersigned hereby constitutes and appoints Alyssa A. Bentz and Karen R. Colvin, and each of them, her true and lawful attorney and agent, with the power and authority to sign on behalf of the undersigned, the name of the undersigned as Trustee of the Trust to any proxy statement, registration statement, or to any amendment thereto, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission with respect to the shares of beneficial interest of the Trust and to any instrument or document filed as part of, as an exhibit to, or in connect with any such proxy statement, registration statement, or any amendment thereto.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned has hereunto set her hand this 21st day of August 2024.
/s/Jody T. Foster
Jody T. Foster
Trustee
STATE OF OHIO )
) ss:
COUNTY OF FRANKLIN )
Before me, a Notary Public, in and for said county and state, personally appeared Jody T. Foster, known to me to be the person described in and who executed the foregoing instrument, and who acknowledged to me that she executed and delivered the same for purposes therein expressed.
WITNESS my hand and official seal this 21st day of August 2024.
/s/Erin Dillon
Notary Public
My Commission Expires: 05/01/2026
POWER OF ATTORNEY
WHEREAS, Diamond Hill Securitized Credit Fund (the “Trust”), a Delaware statutory trust organized under the laws of the State of Delaware, periodically files proxy statements and amendments to its Registration Statement with the Securities and Exchange Commission under the provisions of the Securities Act of 1933 and the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended; and
WHEREAS, the undersigned is a Trustee of the Trust.
NOW THEREFORE, the undersigned hereby constitutes and appoints Alyssa A. Bentz and Karen R. Colvin, and each of them, his true and lawful attorney and agent, with the power and authority to sign on behalf of the undersigned, the name of the undersigned as Trustee of the Trust to any proxy statement, registration statement, or to any amendment thereto, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission with respect to the shares of beneficial interest of the Trust and to any instrument or document filed as part of, as an exhibit to, or in connect with any such proxy statement, registration statement, or any amendment thereto.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned has hereunto set his hand this 21st day of August 2024.
/s/John T. Kelly-Jones
John T. Kelly-Jones
Trustee
STATE OF OHIO )
) ss:
COUNTY OF FRANKLIN )
Before me, a Notary Public, in and for said county and state, personally appeared John T. Kelly-Jones, known to me to be the person described in and who executed the foregoing instrument, and who acknowledged to me that he executed and delivered the same for purposes therein expressed.
WITNESS my hand and official seal this 21st day of August 2024.
/s/Erin Dillon
Notary Public
My Commission Expires: 05/01/2026