UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, DC 20549
FORM 20-F
 
[_] REGISTRATION STATEMENT PURSUANT TO SECTION 12(b) OR 12(g) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
 
OR
 
[X] ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE

SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
 
For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2017
 
OR
 
[_] TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES

 EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
 
For the transition period from ____ to ____
 
OR
 
[_] SHELL COMPANY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE
SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
 
Date of event requiring this shell company report:
 
Commission file number: 001-36185
 
DYNAGAS LNG PARTNERS LP
(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter)

Republic of the Marshall Islands
(Jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)

23, Rue Basse, 98000 Monaco
(Address of principal executive offices)
Michael Gregos
23, Rue Basse, 98000 Monaco
Tel. +377 99996445
(Name, Telephone, E-mail and/or Facsimile number and Address of Company Contact Person)

Securities registered or to be registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
 
Common units representing limited partnership interests
6.25% Senior Notes Due 2019
9.00% Series A Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Units
New York Stock Exchange
New York Stock Exchange
New York Stock Exchange

Title of class
Name of exchange on which registered

Securities registered or to be registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:   None
Securities for which there is a reporting obligation pursuant to Section 15(d) of the Act: None

Indicate the number of outstanding shares of each of the issuer's classes of capital or common stock as of the close of the period covered by the annual report:
 
35,490,000 Common Units
3,000,000 9.00% Series A Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Units
35,526 General Partner Units
 
Indicate by check mark if the Registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.
[_] Yes
[X] No
   
If this report is an annual report or transition report, indicate by check mark if the Registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.
[_] Yes
[X] No
   
Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports) and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.
[X] Yes
[_] No
   
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Website, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months
[X] Yes
[_] No
 
Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of "large accelerated filer," "accelerated filer" and "smaller reporting company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):
Large accelerated filer  [_]
Accelerated filer  [X]
Non-accelerated filer   [_]
(Do not check if a smaller reporting company)
Smaller reporting company  [_]

Indicate by check mark which basis of accounting the Registrant has used to prepare the financial statements included in this filing:
[X]  U.S. GAAP
 
[_]  International Financial Reporting Standards as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board
 
[_]  Other
 
If "Other" has been checked in response to the previous question, indicate by check mark which
financial statement item the Registrant has elected to follow.
 
[_]  Item 17
 
[_]  Item 18
If this is an annual report, indicate by check mark whether the Registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).
[_]  Yes
[X]  No

PRESENTATION OF INFORMATION IN THIS ANNUAL REPORT
 
This Annual Report on Form 20-F for the year ended December 31, 2017, or the Annual Report, should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes included in this Annual Report. Unless the context otherwise requires, references in this Annual Report to "Dynagas LNG Partners," the "Partnership," "we," "our" and "us" or similar terms refer to Dynagas LNG Partners LP and its wholly-owned subsidiaries, including Dynagas Operating LP.  Dynagas Operating LP owns, directly or indirectly, a 100% interest in the entities that own the LNG carriers in our fleet that we refer to as our "Fleet". References in this Annual Report to "our General Partner" refer to Dynagas GP LLC, the general partner of Dynagas LNG Partners LP.  References in this Annual Report to our "Sponsor" are to Dynagas Holding Ltd. and its subsidiaries other than us or our subsidiaries and references to our "Manager" refer to Dynagas Ltd., which is wholly owned by the chairman of our Board of Directors, Mr. Georgios Prokopiou. References in this Annual Report to the "Prokopiou Family" are to our Chairman, Mr. Georgios Prokopiou, and certain members of his family.
All references in this Annual Report to us for periods prior to our initial public offering, or IPO, on November 18, 2013 refer to our predecessor companies and their subsidiaries, which are former subsidiaries of our Sponsor that had interests in the Clean Energy , the Ob River and the Amur River , collectively our "Initial Fleet" or the "Sponsor Controlled Companies".
All references in this prospectus to "Shell", "Gazprom", "Statoil", "Yamal" and "PetroChina" refer to Royal Dutch Shell Plc, Gazprom Marketing and Trading Singapore Pte Ltd, Statoil ASA, Yamal Trade Pte. Ltd. and PetroChina International (Singapore) Pte. Ltd., respectively, and certain of their respective subsidiaries or affiliates, who are our current or prospective charterers.
Unless otherwise indicated, all references to "U.S. dollars," "dollars" and "$" in this prospectus are to the lawful currency of the United States. We use the term "LNG" to refer to liquefied natural gas, and we use the term "cbm" to refer to cubic meters in describing the carrying capacity of our vessels.
References herein to the "Omnibus Agreement" refer to the Omnibus Agreement, as amended and as currently in effect, with our Sponsor. The Omnibus Agreement provides us with the right to acquire from our Sponsor certain identified vessels. Our Sponsor owns, directly or indirectly, 100% of the equity interests of the entities that own these four identified LNG carriers, the Clean Ocean , the Clean Planet , the Clean Horizon and the Clean Vision , which we refer to throughout this Annual Report as the "Initial Optional Vessels."   Our Sponsor also owns a minority ownership interest in five entities that currently own two 172,000 cubic meter ARC7 LNG carrier s, the Boris Vilkitsky and the Fedor Litke , and three hulls, Hull 2427, Hull 2428 and Hull 2429, respectively, including the related charters or other agreements relating to the operation or ownership of such LNG carriers or hulls.  We refer to these vessels (either on the water or under construction) throughout this Annual Report as the "Additional Optional Vessels," and together with the Initial Optional Vessels, as the "Optional Vessels." Pursuant to the Omnibus Agreement, we have the right but not the obligation, subject to certain terms and conditions, to acquire our Sponsor's applicable ownership interest in the Optional Vessels, which is our Sponsor's full or minority ownership interest in these vessel-owning subsidiaries.
The "Yamal LNG Project" refers to the LNG production terminal on the Yamal Peninsula in Northern Russia.  The terminal consists of three LNG trains with a total capacity of 16.5 million metric tons of LNG per year, that will require ice-class designated vessels to transport LNG from this facility, and for which two of the vessels in our Fleet, and each of the Optional Vessels have been contracted.  The Yamal LNG Project is a joint venture between NOVATEK (50.1%), TOTAL E&P Yamal (20%), China National Oil & Gas Exploration and Development Corporation (CNODC) (20%) and Yaym Limited (9.9%). Please see "Item 4. Information on the Partnership—B. Business Overview."
i


FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
 
This Annual Report contains certain forward-looking statements (as such term is defined in Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or the Exchange Act) concerning future events and our operations, performance and financial condition, including, in particular, the likelihood of our success in developing and expanding our business.  Statements that are predictive in nature, that depend upon or refer to future events or conditions, or that include words such as "expects," "anticipates," "intends," "plans," "believes," "estimates," "projects," "forecasts," "will," "may," "potential," "should," and similar expressions are forward-looking statements.  These forward-looking statements reflect management's current views only as of the date of this Annual Report and are not intended to give any assurance as to future results.  As a result, unitholders are cautioned not to rely on any forward-looking statements.
Forward-looking statements appear in a number of places in this Annual Report and include statements with respect to, among other things:
·
LNG market trends, including charter rates, factors affecting supply and demand, and opportunities for the profitable operations of LNG carriers;
·
our anticipated growth strategies;
·
the effect of a worldwide economic slowdown;
·
potential turmoil in the global financial markets;
·
fluctuations in currencies and interest rates;
·
general market conditions, including fluctuations in charter hire rates and vessel values;
·
changes in our operating expenses, including drydocking and insurance costs and bunker prices;
·
forecasts of our ability to make cash distributions on the units or any increases or decreases in our cash distributions;
·
our future financial condition or results of operations and our future revenues and expenses;
·
the repayment of debt and settling of interest rate swaps (if any);
·
our ability to make additional borrowings and to access debt and equity markets;
·
planned capital expenditures and availability of capital resources to fund capital expenditures;
·
our ability to maintain long-term relationships with major LNG traders;
·
our ability to leverage our Sponsor's relationships and reputation in the shipping industry;
·
our ability to realize the expected benefits from our vessel acquisitions;
·
our ability to purchase vessels from our Sponsor in the future, including the Optional Vessels;
·
our continued ability to enter into long-term time charters;
·
our ability to maximize the use of our vessels, including the re-deployment or disposition of vessels no longer under long-term time charters;
·
future purchase prices of newbuildings and secondhand vessels and timely deliveries of such vessels;
ii



·
our ability to compete successfully for future chartering opportunities and newbuilding opportunities (if any);
·
acceptance of a vessel by its charterer;
·
termination dates and extensions of charters;
·
the expected cost of, and our ability to comply with, governmental regulations, maritime self-regulatory organization standards, as well as standard regulations imposed by our charterers applicable to our business;
·
availability of skilled labor, vessel crews and management;
·
our anticipated incremental general and administrative expenses as a publicly traded limited partnership and our fees and expenses payable under the fleet management agreements and the administrative services agreement with our Manager;
·
the anticipated taxation of our Partnership and distributions to our unitholders;
·
estimated future maintenance and replacement capital expenditures;
·
our ability to retain key employees;
·
customers' increasing emphasis on environmental and safety concerns;
·
potential liability from any pending or future litigation;
·
potential disruption of shipping routes due to accidents, political events, piracy or acts by terrorists;
·
future sales of our common units in the public market;
·
our business strategy and other plans and objectives for future operations; and
·
other factors detailed in this Annual Report and from time to time in our periodic reports.
Forward-looking statements in this Annual Report are estimates reflecting the judgment of senior management and involve known and unknown risks and uncertainties.  These forward-looking statements are based upon a number of assumptions and estimates that are inherently subject to significant uncertainties and contingencies, many of which are beyond our control.  Actual results may differ materially from those expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements.  Accordingly, these forward-looking statements should be considered in light of various important factors, including those set forth in this Annual Report under the heading "Item 3. Key Information—D. Risk Factors."
We undertake no obligation to update any forward-looking statement to reflect events or circumstances after the date on which such statement is made or to reflect the occurrence of unanticipated events.  New factors emerge from time to time, and it is not possible for us to predict all of these factors.  Further, we cannot assess the effect of each such factor on our business or the extent to which any factor, or combination of factors, may cause actual results to be materially different from those contained in any forward-looking statement.
We make no prediction or statement about the performance of our units or our debt securities. The various disclosures included in this Annual Report and in our other filings made with the Securities and Exchange Commission, or the SEC, that attempt to advise interested parties of the risks and factors that may affect our business, prospects and results of operations should be carefully reviewed and considered.
iii


TABLE OF CONTENTS

PART I.
 
1
ITEM 1.
IDENTITY OF DIRECTORS, SENIOR MANAGEMENT AND ADVISERS
1
ITEM 2.
OFFER STATISTICS AND EXPECTED TIMETABLE
1
ITEM 3.
KEY INFORMATION
1
ITEM 4.
INFORMATION ON THE PARTNERSHIP
39
ITEM 4A.
UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS
72
ITEM 5.
OPERATING AND FINANCIAL REVIEW AND PROSPECTS
72
ITEM 6.
DIRECTORS, SENIOR MANAGEMENT AND EMPLOYEES
89
ITEM 7.
MAJOR UNITHOLDERS AND RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
92
ITEM 8.
FINANCIAL INFORMATION
100
ITEM 9.
THE OFFER AND LISTING.
103
ITEM 10.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
104
ITEM 11.
QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
113
ITEM 12.
DESCRIPTION OF SECURITIES OTHER THAN EQUITY SECURITIES
114
PART II
 
114
ITEM 13.
DEFAULTS, DIVIDEND ARREARAGES AND DELINQUENCIES
114
ITEM 14.
MATERIAL MODIFICATIONS TO THE RIGHTS OF SECURITY HOLDERS AND USE OF PROCEEDS
114
ITEM 15.
CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
114
ITEM 16.
[RESERVED]
115
ITEM 16A.
AUDIT COMMITTEE FINANCIAL EXPERT
115
ITEM 16B.
CODE OF ETHICS
116
ITEM 16C.
PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES
116
ITEM 16D.
EXEMPTIONS FROM THE LISTING STANDARDS FOR AUDIT COMMITTEES
116
ITEM 16E.
PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES BY THE ISSUER AND AFFILIATED PURCHASERS
116
ITEM 16F.
CHANGE IN REGISTRANTS' CERTIFYING ACCOUNTANT
117
ITEM 16G.
CORPORATE GOVERNANCE
117
ITEM 16H.
MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURE
117
PART III
 
117
ITEM 17.
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
117
ITEM 18.
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
118
ITEM 19.
EXHIBITS
118
     


iv


PART I.
ITEM 1.
IDENTITY OF DIRECTORS, SENIOR MANAGEMENT AND ADVISERS
Not applicable.
ITEM 2.
OFFER STATISTICS AND EXPECTED TIMETABLE
Not applicable.
ITEM 3.
KEY INFORMATION
A.            SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA
The following table presents our selected historical consolidated financial and operating data. For periods prior to the completion of our IPO, which occurred on November 18, 2013, our historical consolidated financial statements have been prepared according to a transaction that constitutes a reorganization of companies under common control and has been accounted for in a manner similar to a pooling of interests, as the Sponsor Controlled Companies were indirectly wholly-owned by the Prokopiou Family prior to the transfer of ownership of these companies to us. Accordingly, our financial statements have been presented, giving retroactive effect to the transaction described above, using consolidated and combined financial historical carrying costs of the assets and liabilities of Dynagas LNG Partners and the Sponsor Controlled Companies.
The following selected historical financial data as of and for each of the years in the five-year period ended December 31, 2017 have been derived from our audited consolidated and combined financial statements which have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (U.S. GAAP). The following financial data should be read in conjunction with "Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects" and our historical consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto included elsewhere in this Annual Report.
Our financial position, results of operations and cash flows could differ from those that would have resulted if we operated autonomously or as an entity independent of our Sponsor in the periods prior to our IPO for which historical financial data are presented below, and such data may not be indicative of our future operating results or financial performance.
 
   
Year Ended December 31,
 
   
2017
   
2016
   
2015
   
2014
   
2013
 
STATEMENT OF INCOME
 
(In thousands of Dollars, except for units, per unit data and TCE rates )
 
Voyage revenues
 
$
138,990
   
$
169,851
   
$
145,202
   
$
107,088
   
$
85,679
 
Voyage expenses- including related party (1)
   
(3,619
)
   
(2,961
)
   
(2,804
)
   
(2,273
)
   
(1,686
)
Vessel operating expenses
   
(27,067
)
   
(26,451
)
   
(23,244
)
   
(16,813
)
   
(11,909
)
General and administrative expenses- including related party
   
(1,686
)
   
(1,885
)
   
(1,805
)
   
(1,951
)
   
(387
)
Management fees
   
(6,162
)
   
(5,999
)
   
(4,870
)
   
(3,566
)
   
(2,737
)
Depreciation
   
(30,319
)
   
(30,395
)
   
(24,387
)
   
(17,822
)
   
(13,579
)
Dry-docking and special survey costs
   
(6,193
)
   
(81
)
   
-
     
-
     
-
 
Operating income
 
$
63,944
   
$
102,079
   
$
88,092
   
$
64,663
   
$
55,381
 
Interest income
   
203
     
-
     
35
     
221
     
-
 
Interest and finance costs
   
(46,281
)
   
(34,991
)
   
(27,974
)
   
(14,524
)
   
(9,732
)
Other, net
   
(527
)
   
(234
)
   
(103
)
   
201
     
(29
)
Net Income
 
$
17,339
   
$
66,854
   
$
60,050
   
$
50,561
   
$
45,620
 
                                         
EARNINGS PER UNIT (basic and diluted):
                                       
Common Unit (basic and diluted)
 
$
0.27
   
$
1.69
   
$
1.60
   
$
1.58
   
$
2.95
 
Weighted average number of units outstanding (basic and diluted):
                                       
Common units
   
34,545,740
     
20,505,000
     
20,505,000
     
17,964,288
     
7,729,521
 
Cash distributions declared and paid per common unit
 
$
1.69
   
$
1.69
   
$
1.69
   
$
1.29
(2 )  
 
$
-
 
                                         
BALANCE SHEET DATA:
                                       
Total current assets
 
$
70,404
   
$
60,195
   
$
25,814
   
$
14,348
   
$
7,606
 
Vessels, net
   
977,298
     
1,007,617
     
1,036,157
     
839,883
     
453,175
 
Total assets
   
1,054,319
     
1,106,676
     
1,108,103
     
887,376
     
488,735
 
Total current liabilities
   
22,898
     
53,056
     
51,353
     
33,249
     
14,903
 
Total long-term debt, including current portion, gross of deferred financing fees
   
727,600
     
722,500
     
688,333
     
575,000
     
219,585
 
Total partners' equity
   
318,318
     
367,836
     
367,838
     
297,698
     
257,699
 
 

1


                               
CASH FLOW DATA:
                             
Net cash provided by operating activities
 
$
59,339
   
$
103,618
   
$
96,944
   
$
76,443
   
$
44,204
 
Net cash used in investing activities
   
-
     
(37,472
)
   
(205,045
)
   
(404,530
)
   
-
 
Net cash (used in)/provided by financing activities
   
(49,470
)
   
(32,844
)
   
120,445
     
334,359
     
(38,527
)
                                         
FLEET PERFORMANCE DATA:
                                       
Number of vessels at the end of the year
   
6
     
6
     
6
     
5
     
3
 
Average number of vessels in operation (3)
   
6.0
     
6.0
     
5.0
     
3.8
     
3.0
 
Average age of vessels in operation at end of year (years)
   
7.4
     
6.4
     
5.4
     
5.0
     
6.4
 
Available days (4)
   
2,140.3
     
2,196.0
     
1,836.0
     
1,384.0
     
1,095.0
 
Fleet utilization (5)
   
98
%
   
100
%
   
99
%
   
100
%
   
100
%
                                         
OTHER FINANCIAL DATA:
                                       
Time Charter Equivalent (in US dollars) (6)
 
$
63,249
   
$
75,997
   
$
77,559
   
$
75,733
   
$
76,706
 
Adjusted EBITDA (6)
 
$
107,545
   
$
139,531
   
$
113,202
   
$
84,751
   
$
64,749
 
 
(1)
Voyage expenses include commissions of 1.25% paid to our Manager and third-party ship brokers.
(2)
Includes a prorated quarterly distribution for the period beginning on November 18, 2013 and ending on December 31, 2013 that was declared on January 31, 2013 and paid on February 14, 2014.
(3)
Represents the number of vessels that constituted our Fleet for the relevant year, as measured by the sum of the number of days each vessel was a part of our Fleet during the period divided by the number of calendar days in the period.
(4)
Available days are the total number of calendar days our vessels were in our possession during a period, less the total number of scheduled off-hire days during the period associated with major repairs, or dry-dockings.
(5)
We calculate fleet utilization by dividing the number of our revenue earning days, which are the total number of Available days of our vessels net of unscheduled off-hire days, during a period, by the number of our Available days during that period. The shipping industry uses fleet utilization to measure a company's efficiency in finding employment for its vessels and minimizing the amount of days that its vessels are off hire for reasons other than scheduled off-hires for vessel upgrades, dry-dockings or special or intermediate surveys.
(6)
Non-GAAP Financial Information

TCE. Time charter equivalent rates, or TCE rates, is a measure of the average daily revenue performance of a vessel. For time charters, this is calculated by dividing total voyage revenues, less any voyage expenses, by the number of Available days during that period. Under a time charter, the charterer pays substantially all the vessel voyage related expenses. However, we may incur voyage related expenses when positioning or repositioning vessels before or after the period of a time charter, during periods of commercial waiting time or while off-hire during dry-docking or due to other unforeseen circumstances. The TCE rate is not a measure of financial performance under U.S. GAAP (non-GAAP measure), and should not be considered as an alternative to voyage revenues, the most directly comparable GAAP measure, or any other measure of financial performance presented in accordance with U.S. GAAP. However, TCE rate is standard shipping industry performance measure used primarily to compare period-to-period changes in a company's performance and assists our management in making decisions regarding the deployment and use of our vessels and in evaluating their financial performance. Our calculation of TCE rates may not be comparable to that reported by other companies. The following table reflects the calculation of our TCE rates for the periods presented (amounts in thousands of U.S. dollars, except for TCE rates, which are expressed in U.S. dollars and Available days):

 
Year Ended December 31,
 
 
(In thousands of Dollars, except for TCE rate data)
 
 
2017
 
2016
 
2015
 
2014
 
2013
 
Voyage revenues
 
$
138,990
   
$
169,851
   
$
145,202
   
$
107,088
   
$
85,679
 
Voyage expenses
 
$
(3,619
)
 
$
(2,961
)
 
$
(2,804
)
 
$
(2,273
)
 
$
(1,686
)
Time charter equivalent revenues
 
$
135,371
   
$
166,890
   
$
142,398
   
$
104,815
   
$
83,993
 
Total Available days
   
2,140.3
     
2,196.0
     
1,836.0
     
1,384.0
     
1,095.0
 
Time charter equivalent (TCE) rate
 
$
63,249
   
$
75,997
   
$
77,559
   
$
75,733
   
$
76,706
 

 
2


ADJUSTED EBITDA. We define Adjusted EBITDA as earnings before interest and finance costs, net of interest income, gains/losses on derivative financial instruments (if any), taxes (when incurred), depreciation and amortization, class survey costs and significant non-recurring items. Adjusted EBITDA is used as a supplemental financial measure by management and external users of financial statements, such as investors, to assess our operating performance. We believe that Adjusted EBITDA assists our management and investors by providing useful information that increases the comparability of our performance operating from period to period and against the operating performance of other companies in our industry that provide Adjusted EBITDA information. This increased comparability is achieved by excluding the potentially disparate effects between periods or companies of interest, other financial items, depreciation and amortization and taxes, which items are affected by various and possibly changing financing methods, capital structure and historical cost basis and which items may significantly affect net income between periods. We believe that including Adjusted EBITDA as a measure of operating performance benefits investors in (a) selecting between investing in us and other investment alternatives and (b) monitoring our ongoing financial and operational strength in assessing whether to continue to hold common units.

Adjusted EBITDA is not a measure of financial performance under U.S. GAAP, does not represent and should not be considered as an alternative to net income, operating income, cash flow from operating activities or any other measure of financial performance presented in accordance with U.S. GAAP. Adjusted EBITDA excludes some, but not all, items that affect net income and these measures may vary among other companies. Therefore, Adjusted EBITDA as presented below may not be comparable to similarly titled measures of other companies. The following table reconciles Adjusted EBITDA to net income, the most directly comparable U.S. GAAP financial measure, for the periods presented:
Reconciliation of Net Income to Adjusted EBITDA

(In thousands of U.S.  dollars)
 
Year Ended December 31,
 
Reconciliation to Net Income
 
2017
   
2016
   
2015
   
2014
   
2013
 
Net Income
 
$
17,339
   
$
66,854
   
$
60,050
   
$
50,561
   
$
45,620
 
Net interest and finance costs (1)
   
46,078
     
34,991
     
27,939
     
14,303
     
9,732
 
Depreciation
   
30,319
     
30,395
     
24,387
     
17,822
     
13,579
 
Class survey costs
   
6,193
     
81
     
-
     
-
     
-
 
Amortization of fair value of acquired time charter
   
7,247
     
7,268
     
218
     
-
     
-
 
Charter hire amortization and other non-cash revenue adjustments
   
369
     
(58
)
   
608
     
2,065
     
(4,182
)
Adjusted EBITDA
 
$
107,545
   
$
139,531
   
$
113,202
   
$
84,751
   
$
64,749
 

(1) Includes interest and finance costs, net of interest income, and (gain)/ loss on derivative instruments, if any.

B.            CAPITALIZATION AND INDEBTEDNESS
Not applicable.
C.            REASONS FOR THE OFFER AND USE OF PROCEEDS
Not applicable.
D.            RISK FACTORS
The following risks relate principally to the industry in which we operate and to our business in general.  Other risks relate principally to the securities market and ownership of our securities, including our common units, our 9.00% Series A Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Units, or our Series A Preferred Units, and our 6.25% Notes due October 30, 2019, or our 2019 Notes. The occurrence of any of the events described in this section could significantly and negatively affect our business, financial condition, operating results or cash available for distribution on our units and required payments on our 2019 Notes, and the trading price of our securities.
3



Risks Relating to our Partnership
Our Fleet consists of only six LNG carriers. Any limitation in the availability or operation of these vessels could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition and could significantly reduce or eliminate our ability to pay distributions on our common units or preferred units.
Our Fleet consists of only six LNG carriers. If any of our vessels is unable to generate revenues as a result of off-hire time, early termination of the time charter in effect or failure to secure new charters at charter hire rates as favorable as our average historical rates or at all, our future liquidity, cash flows, results of operations, and ability to make quarterly and other distributions to our common and preferred unitholders could be materially adversely affected. The Yenisei River and the Lena River are expected to be redelivered to us under their current charters at the earliest in July and September 2018, respectively, following which these vessels are expected to commence employment under their new 15-year charters with Yamal within six months and one year delivery windows starting from January 1, 2019 and July 1, 2019, respectively. We expect that these delivery windows will be narrowed, subject to our agreement with Yamal. Following the redelivery of Lena River and the Yenisei River to us from their current charterers and until such vessels commence employment under the Yamal charters discussed above, we expect to operate these two vessels in the spot market, which is volatile, highly competitive and subject to significant price fluctuations. If we are unable to employ these vessels in the spot market following the expiration of the existing charters and until the commencement of the new Yamal charters, we will not receive any revenues from those vessels during that time, and we will be required to pay expenses necessary to maintain the vessels in proper operating condition and to service the debt secured by these vessels.
We currently derive all our revenue and cash flow from a limited number of charterers and the loss of any of these charterers could cause us to suffer losses or otherwise adversely affect our business.
We have derived, and believe we will continue to derive, all of our revenues from a limited number of charterers, such as Gazprom, Statoil and Yamal. For the year ended December 31, 2017, during which we derived our operating revenues from four charterers, Gazprom accounted for 72%, Statoil accounted for 19%, Shell accounted for 6% and PetroChina accounted for 3% of our total revenues. All of the charters for our Fleet have fixed terms, but may be terminated early due to certain events, such as a charterer's failure to make charter payments to us because of financial inability, disagreements with us or otherwise. The ability of each of our counterparties to perform its obligations under a charter with us will depend on a number of factors that are beyond our control and may include, among other things, general economic conditions, the condition of the LNG shipping industry, prevailing prices for natural gas and the overall financial condition of the counterparty. Should a counterparty fail to honor its obligations under an agreement with us, we may be unable to realize revenue under that charter and could sustain losses, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, cash flows, results of operations and ability to pay distributions to our unitholders.
In addition, a charterer may exercise its right to terminate its charter if, among other things:
·
the vessel suffers a total loss or is damaged beyond repair;
·
we default on our obligations under the charter, including prolonged periods of vessel off-hire;
·
war or hostilities significantly disrupt the free trade of the vessel;
·
the vessel is requisitioned by any governmental authority; or
·
a prolonged force majeure event occurs, such as war or political unrest, which prevents the chartering of the vessel.
In addition, the charter payments we receive may be reduced if the vessel does not perform according to certain contractual specifications. For example, charter hire may be reduced if the average vessel speed falls below the speed we have guaranteed or if the amount of fuel consumed to power the vessel exceeds the guaranteed amount.
Furthermore, in depressed market conditions, our charterers may no longer need a vessel that is then under charter or may be able to obtain a comparable vessel at lower rates. As a result, charterers may seek to renegotiate the terms of their existing charter agreements or avoid their obligations under those contracts. If our charterers fail to meet their obligations to us or attempt to renegotiate our charter agreements, it may be difficult to secure substitute employment for such vessel, and any new charter arrangements we secure may be at lower rates.
4



If any of our charters is terminated, we may be unable to re-deploy the related vessel on terms as favorable to us as our current charters, or at all. If we are unable to re-deploy a vessel for which the charter has been terminated, we will not receive any revenues from that vessel, and we may be required to pay ongoing expenses necessary to maintain the vessel in proper operating condition.  Any of these factors may decrease our revenue and cash flows.  Further, the loss of any of our charterers, charters or vessels, or a decline in charter hire under any of our charters, could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, financial condition and ability to make distributions to our unitholders.
In 2018, our three tri-fuel diesel electric (TFDE) propulsion system vessels are scheduled to be dry-docked which will require significant expenditures and may result in loss of revenue.
Dry-dockings of our vessels require significant expenditures and result in loss of revenue as our vessels are off-hire during the dry-docking period. Any significant increase in either the number of off-hire days or in the costs of any repairs or investments carried out during the dry-docking period could have a material adverse effect on our profitability and our cash flows. Given the potential for unforeseen issues arising during dry-docking, we may not be able to predict accurately the time required to dry-dock any of our vessels. If one or more of our vessels is dry-docked longer than expected or if the cost of repairs is greater than budgeted, our results of operations and our cash flows, including cash available for distribution to unitholders, could be adversely affected.
In the second and third quarters of 2018, our three tri-fuel diesel electric (TFDE) propulsion system vessels, the Arctic Aurora , the Yenisei River and the Lena River, are scheduled to be dry-docked. The dry-docking of the TFDE vessels will require a longer time than the dry-docking of our three steam turbine vessels in 2017 and we expect the costs to be higher. Due to the small size of our Fleet, any delay in the completion time of the dry-dockings or overrun of costs caused by additional days of work could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition and could significantly reduce or eliminate our ability to pay distributions on our common or preferred units.
The failure to consummate or integrate acquisitions, including acquisitions of the Optional Vessels from our Sponsor, in a timely and cost-effective manner, or at all, could have an adverse effect on our business, our expected plans for growth and on financial condition and results of operations.
Acquisitions that expand our Fleet are an important component of our business strategy.  Our current drop-down pipeline is composed solely of the Optional Vessels. Pursuant to the Omnibus Agreement and certain extension agreements with our Sponsor, we have the option, but not the obligation, to purchase from our Sponsor: (i) the Clean Horizon and the Clean Vision until December 31, 2018 (ii) the Clean Ocean and the Clean Planet until March 31, 2018, and (iii) the 49% equity interests held by our Sponsor on the Additional Optional Vessels, which consist of the Boris Vilkitsky and the Fedor Litke, which were delivered in the fourth quarter of 2017, and first quarter of 2018, respectively, and three vessels that are currently under construction until the first quarter of 2019. We may also mutually agree with our Sponsor, with the approval of our Conflicts Committee to extend, or further extend, as applicable each purchase option exercise period, however, there is no assurance that our Sponsor will grant an extension requested by us.
Our growth strategy is therefore dependent on a continuing relationship with our Sponsor and other factors related to that relationship, some of which are beyond our control including our ability to (i) maintain a drop-down pipeline of existing or newbuild vessels from our Sponsor, or (ii) obtain the required consents from lenders and charterers for the acquisition of vessels from our Sponsor.  
Furthermore, we will not be obligated to purchase any of the Optional Vessels at the applicable determined price, and, accordingly, we may not complete the purchase of any of such vessels. Moreover, if we are able to agree on a price with our Sponsor, there are no assurances that we will be able to obtain adequate financing on terms that are acceptable to us or that the financing assumed will on favorable terms to us.
We believe that other acquisition opportunities with our Sponsor and third-parties may arise from time to time, and any such acquisition could be significant. Any acquisition of a vessel or business may not be profitable at or after the time of acquisition and may be cash flow negative or may not generate sufficient cash flow to justify the investment. In addition, our acquisition growth strategy exposes us to risks that may harm our business, financial condition, results of operations and ability to make cash distributions to our unitholders, including risks that we may:
·
fail to realize anticipated benefits, such as new customer relationships, cost-savings or cash flow enhancements;
5



·
be unable to attract, hire, train or retain qualified shore and seafaring personnel to manage and operate our growing business and Fleet;
·
decrease our liquidity by using a significant portion of available cash or borrowing capacity to finance acquisitions;
·
significantly increase our interest expense or financial leverage if we incur additional debt to finance acquisitions;
·
incur or assume unanticipated liabilities, losses or costs associated with the business or vessels acquired; or
·
incur other significant charges, such as impairment of goodwill or other intangible assets, asset devaluation or restructuring charges.
Such acquisition and investment opportunities may not result in the consummation of a transaction. In addition, we may not be able to obtain acceptable terms for the required financing for any such acquisition or investment that arises. We cannot predict the effect, if any, that any announcement or consummation of an acquisition would have on the trading price of our common units or preferred units.
Our future acquisitions could present a number of risks, including the risk of incorrect assumptions regarding the future results of acquired vessels or businesses or expected cost reductions or other synergies expected to be realized as a result of acquiring vessels or businesses, the risk of failing to successfully and timely integrate the operations or management of any acquired vessels or businesses and the risk of diverting management's attention from existing operations or other priorities. We may also be subject to additional costs related to compliance with various international laws in connection with such acquisition. If we fail to consummate and integrate our acquisitions, including the acquisitions of the Optional Vessels from our Sponsor, in a timely and cost-effective manner, or at all, our business, plans for future growth, financial condition, results of operations and cash available for distribution could be adversely affected.
We may be subject to certain risks with respect to our acquisition, or potential acquisition, of our Sponsor's ownership interest in the Additional Optional Vessels.
If we acquire any or all of our Sponsor's 49% ownership interest in the Additional Optional Vessels pursuant to the terms and subject to the conditions of the Omnibus Agreement it is expected that we will own such vessels jointly with Sinotrans Shipping LNG Limited, or Sinotrans, and China LNG Shipping (Holdings) Limited, or China LNG Shipping, and we will become party to the shareholders' agreement which governs this joint venture relationship.  We will not own a majority of the ownership interests in the entities that own the Additional Optional Vessels and, as such, we may not be able to exercise control over such entities or the Additional Optional Vessels.  In addition, while we expect that the vessel owning entities will distribute all of their available cash to us and their other holders, we cannot guarantee whether such entities will do so, if at all.
Furthermore, all of the Additional Optional Vessels are employed or are contracted to be employed by Yamal in the Yamal LNG Project. Accordingly, such vessels have or are expected to have highly specialized technical specifications to meet the requirements for the Yamal LNG Project and will have limited redeployment prospects to operate as conventional trading LNG carriers if the Yamal charters do not eventually materialize or are terminated for any reason outside our control. To the extent these vessels are no longer employed under the Yamal LNG Project, we may lose our option to purchase our Sponsor's ownership interest in these vessels under the Omnibus Agreement, and further, if such contracts are terminated after we have acquired such ownership interest, we may be unable to re-charter or sell these vessels without making significant capital expenditures to reformat these vessels for trading in other markets, if possible. The occurrence of any of these events could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows, and ability distribute cash to our unitholders.
Our Sponsor may be unable to service its debt requirements and comply with the provisions contained in the credit agreements secured by the Optional Vessels. If our Sponsor fails to perform its obligations under its debt agreements or any other agreement relating to the Optional Vessels, our business and expected plans for growth may be materially affected.
Our Sponsor may be unable to fulfill its obligations under its debt and other agreements that are secured by or relate to the Optional Vessels. Failure on behalf of our Sponsor to perform its obligations under its debt, including paying scheduled installments and complying with certain covenants, may constitute an event of default under these secured loan agreements. If an event of default occurs under these loan agreements, our Sponsor's lenders could accelerate the outstanding loans and declare all amounts borrowed due and payable. In this case, if our Sponsor is unable to obtain a waiver or amendment or does not otherwise have enough cash on hand to repay the outstanding borrowings, its lenders may, among other things, foreclose their liens on the Optional Vessels. In addition, if our Sponsor fails to perform its obligations under other agreements governing the Optional vessels, we might not be able to take delivery of such Optional Vessels at all. In these cases, we may not be able to exercise our rights under the Omnibus Agreement to acquire the Optional Vessels, which would likely have a material adverse effect on our business and our expected plans for growth.
6



In addition, since our Sponsor is a private company and there is little or no publicly available information about it, we or an investor could have little advance warning of potential financial or other problems that might affect our Sponsor that could have a material adverse effect on us.
We are subject to certain risks with respect to our contractual counterparties, and failure of such counterparties to perform their obligations under such contracts could cause us to sustain significant losses, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.
We have entered into, and may enter in the future, contracts, charters, newbuilding and conversion contracts with shipyards, debt agreements with financial institutions and other counterparts, interest rate swaps, foreign currency swaps, equity swaps and other agreements. Such agreements subject us to counterparty risks.  The ability of each of our counterparties to perform its obligations under a contract with us will depend on a number of factors that are beyond our control and may include, among other things, general economic conditions and the overall financial condition of the counterparty.  Should a counterparty fail to honor its obligations under agreements with us, we could sustain significant losses, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.  Please also see "—We currently derive all our revenue and cash flow from a limited number of charterers and the loss of any of these charterers could cause us to suffer losses or otherwise adversely affect our business."
We may not have sufficient cash from operations following the establishment of cash reserves and payment of fees and expenses to enable us to pay distributions on our common units and our Series A Preferred Units.
Our Board of Directors makes determinations regarding the payment of distributions in its sole discretion and in accordance with our Partnership Agreement and applicable law, and there is no guarantee that we will continue to make distributions to our unitholders in the same amount that we have in prior quarters or at all in the future.  In addition, the markets in which we operate our vessels are volatile and we cannot predict with certainty the amount of cash, if any, that will be available for distribution in any period. We may not have sufficient cash from operations to pay at least the minimum quarterly distribution of $0.365 per unit on our common units and may therefore pay distributions in a lower amount or not all.  The amount of cash we can distribute on our common and preferred units principally depends upon the amount of cash we generate from our operations, which may fluctuate from quarter to quarter based on the risks described in this section, including, among other things:
·
the rates we obtain from our charters;
·
the level of our operating costs, such as the cost of crews and insurance;
·
the continued availability of natural gas production;
·
demand for LNG;
·
supply of LNG carriers;
·
prevailing global and regional economic and political conditions;
·
currency exchange rate fluctuations; and
·
the effect of governmental regulations and maritime self-regulatory organization standards on the conduct of our business.
In addition, the actual amount of cash available for distribution to our unitholders will depend on other factors, including:
·
the level of capital expenditures we make, including for maintaining or replacing vessels, building new vessels, acquiring secondhand vessels and complying with regulations;
·
the number of unscheduled off-hire days for our Fleet and the timing of, and number of days required for, scheduled dry-docking of our vessels;
·
our debt service requirements and restrictions on distributions contained in our debt instruments;
·
the level of debt we will incur to fund future acquisitions, including the Optional Vessels that we have the right (but not the obligation) to acquire from our Sponsor, pursuant to the terms and subject to the conditions of the Omnibus Agreement (defined below). See "Item 7. Major Unitholders and Related Party Transactions—B. Related Party Transactions";
·
fluctuations in interest rates;
·
fluctuations in our working capital needs;
 
7



·
variable tax rates;
·
our ability to make, and the level of, working capital borrowings;
·
the performance of our subsidiaries and their ability to distribute cash to us; and
·
the amount of any cash reserves established by our Board of Directors.
The amount of cash we generate from our operations may differ materially from our profit or loss for the period, which will be affected by non-cash items. We may also incur expenses or liabilities or be subject to other circumstances in the future that reduce or eliminate the amount of cash that we have available for distributions.  As a result of this and the other factors mentioned above, we may make cash distributions during periods when we record losses and may not make cash distributions during periods when we record earnings.
Our future growth depends on our ability to expand relationships with our existing charterers, establish relationships with new charterers and obtain new time charter contracts, for which we will face substantial competition from established companies with significant resources and potential new entrants.
Although we have secured an estimated contract backlog of $1.48 billion for the vessels in our Fleet as of the date of this Annual Report, o ne of our principal objectives is to enter into additional multi-year time charters upon the expiration or early termination of our existing charter arrangements, and we may also seek to enter into additional multi-year time charter contracts in connection with an expansion of our Fleet. The process of obtaining multi-year charters for LNG carriers is highly competitive and generally involves an intensive screening procedure and competitive bids, which often extends for several months. We believe LNG carrier time charters are awarded based upon a variety of factors relating to the ship and the ship operator, including:
·
size, age, technical specifications and condition of the ship;
·
efficiency of ship operation and reputation for operation of highly specialized vessels;
·
LNG shipping experience and quality of ship operations;
·
shipping industry relationships and reputation for customer service;
·
technical ability and reputation for operation of highly specialized ships;
·
quality and experience of officers and crew;
·
safety record;
·
the ability to finance ships at competitive rates and financial stability generally;
·
relationships with shipyards and the ability to get suitable berths;
·
its willingness to assume operational risks;
·
construction management experience, including the ability to obtain on-time delivery of new ships according to customer specifications; and
·
competitiveness of the bid in terms of overall price.
8



We expect substantial competition for providing marine transportation services for potential LNG projects from a number of experienced companies, including other independent ship owners as well as state-sponsored entities and major energy companies that own and operate LNG carriers and may compete with independent owners by using their fleets to carry LNG for third-parties. Some of these competitors have significantly greater financial resources and larger fleets than we have. A number of marine transportation companies, including companies with strong reputations and extensive resources and experience, have entered the LNG transportation market in recent years, and there are other ship owners and managers who may also attempt to participate in the LNG market in the future. This increased competition may cause greater price competition for time charters. As a result of these factors, we may be unable to expand our relationships with existing charterers or to obtain new time charter contracts on a profitable basis, if at all, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows, including cash available for distributions to our unitholders.
Any charter termination would likely have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.
Our vessels are employed with a limited number of charterers. Our existing and future charterers have the right to terminate our current or future charters in certain circumstances, such as loss of the ship or damage to it beyond repair, defaults by us in our obligations under the charter, or off-hire beyond allowances contained in the charter agreement.
A termination right under one vessel's time charter would not automatically give the charterer the right to terminate its other charter contracts with us. However, a charter termination could materially affect our relationship with the customer and our reputation in the LNG shipping industry, and in some circumstances the event giving rise to the termination right could potentially impact multiple charters that we have entered with the same charterer. Accordingly, the existence of any right of termination could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows, including cash available for distribution to our common and preferred unitholders.
Our future capital needs are uncertain and we may need to raise additional funds in the future.
We believe that our cash flows from operations, amounts available for borrowings under out credit facilities and our cash balance will be sufficient to meet our existing liquidity requirements for at least the next 12 months from the date of this Annual Report. However, we may need to raise additional capital to maintain, replace and expand the operating capacity of our Fleet, to fund our operations or to refinance our indebtedness. Our future funding requirements will depend on many factors, including the cost and timing of vessel acquisitions, the cost of retrofitting or modifying existing ships as a result of technological advances, changes in applicable environmental or other regulations or standards, customer requirements or otherwise. Our ability to obtain bank financing or to access the capital markets for future offerings may be limited by our financial condition at the time of any such financing or offering, as well as by adverse market conditions that are beyond our control.
Obtaining additional funds on acceptable terms may not be possible. If we raise additional funds by issuing equity or equity-linked securities, our unitholders may experience dilution or reduced distributions per unit. Debt financing, if available, may involve covenants restricting our operations or our ability to incur additional debt or to pay distributions. Any debt or additional equity financing raised may contain unfavorable terms to us or our unitholders. If we are unable to raise adequate funds, we may have to liquidate some or all of our assets, or delay, reduce the scope of, or eliminate some or all of our fleet expansion plans. Any of these factors could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows, including cash available for distributions to our common and preferred unitholders.
We may be unable to make or realize expected benefits from acquisitions, which could have an adverse effect on our expected plans for growth.
Any acquisition of a vessel or business may not be profitable to us at or after the time we acquire it and may be cash flow negative or may not generate cash flow sufficient to justify our investment.  In addition, our acquisition growth strategy exposes us to risks that may harm our business, financial condition and operating results, including risks that we may:
·
fail to realize anticipated benefits, such as new customer relationships, cost-savings or cash flow enhancements;
·
be unable to hire, train or retain qualified shore and seafaring personnel to manage and operate our growing business and fleet;
9



·
decrease our liquidity by using a significant portion of our available cash or borrowing capacity to finance acquisitions;
·
significantly increase our interest expense or financial leverage if we incur additional debt to finance acquisitions;
·
incur or assume unanticipated liabilities, losses or costs associated with the business or vessels acquired; or
·
incur other significant charges, such as impairment of intangible assets, asset devaluation or restructuring charges.
If we acquire secondhand vessels, as opposed to newbuildings, we may be exposed to additional risks. Unlike newbuildings, secondhand vessels typically do not carry warranties as to their condition.  While we generally inspect secondhand vessels prior to purchase, such an inspection would normally not provide us with as much knowledge of a vessel's condition as we would possess if it had been built for us and operated by us during its life.  Repairs and maintenance costs for secondhand vessels are difficult to predict and may be substantially higher than for vessels we have operated since they were built.  These costs could decrease our cash flow and reduce our liquidity and could have an adverse effect on our expected plans for growth.
The control of our General Partner may be transferred to a third-party without unitholder consent.
Our General Partner may transfer its General Partner interest to a third-party in a merger or in a sale of all or substantially all of its assets without the consent of the unitholders.  In addition, our Partnership Agreement does not restrict the ability of the members of our General Partner from transferring their respective membership interests in our General Partner to a third-party.
Our Sponsor and its affiliates may compete with us.
Pursuant to the Omnibus Agreement with our Sponsor and our General Partner, our Sponsor and its affiliates (other than us, and our subsidiaries) generally have agreed, for the term of the Omnibus Agreement, not to acquire, own, operate or contract for any LNG carriers acquired or placed under contracts with an initial term of four or more years. The Omnibus Agreement, however, contains significant exceptions which include, among other things, the owning and operating of the Optional Vessels that may allow our Sponsor or any of its affiliates to compete with us, which could harm our business. Our Sponsor and its affiliates may compete with us, subject to the restrictions contained in the Omnibus Agreement, and could own and operate LNG carriers under charters of four years or more that may compete with our vessels if we do not acquire such vessels when they are offered to us pursuant to the terms of the Omnibus Agreement.
See "Item 7. Major Unitholders and Related Party Transactions—B. Related Party Transactions."
Mr. Tony Lauritzen, our Chief Executive Officer, Mr. Michael Gregos, our Chief Financial Officer, and certain other officers do not devote all of their time to our business, which may hinder our ability to operate successfully.
Mr. Tony Lauritzen, our Chief Executive Officer, Mr. Michael Gregos, our Chief Financial Officer, and certain other officers who perform executive officer functions for us, are not required to work full-time on our affairs and are involved in other business activities with our Sponsor and its affiliates, which may result in their spending less time than is appropriate or necessary to manage our business successfully. Based solely on the anticipated relative sizes of our Fleet and the fleet owned by our Sponsor and its affiliates over the next twelve months, we estimate that Mr. Lauritzen, Mr. Gregos, and certain other officers may spend a substantial portion of their monthly business time on our business activities and their remaining time on the business of our Sponsor and its affiliates. However, the actual allocation of time could vary significantly from time to time depending on various circumstances and needs of the businesses, such as the relative levels of strategic activities of the businesses. As a result, there could be material competition for the time and effort of our officers who also provide services to our General Partner's affiliates, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.
10



Unitholders have limited voting rights, and our Partnership Agreement restricts the voting rights of our unitholders that own more than 4.9% of our common units.
Unlike the holders of common stock in a corporation, holders of common units have only limited voting rights on matters affecting our business. We hold a meeting of the limited partners every year to elect one or more members of our Board of Directors that are eligible for reelection and to vote on any other matters that are properly brought before the meeting. Common unitholders are entitled to elect only three of the five members of our Board of Directors. The elected directors are reelected on a staggered basis and serve for three year terms. Our General Partner has the right to appoint the remaining two directors and set the terms for which those directors will serve. The Partnership Agreement also contains provisions limiting the ability of unitholders to call meetings or to acquire information about our operations, as well as other provisions limiting the unitholders' ability to influence the manner or direction of management. Unitholders have no right to elect our General Partner, and our General Partner may not be removed except by a vote of the holders of at least 66 2/3% of the outstanding common units, including any units owned by our General Partner, our Sponsor and their respective affiliates, voting together as a single class.
Our Partnership Agreement further restricts unitholders' voting rights by providing that if any person or group owns beneficially more than 4.9% of any class of units then outstanding, any such units owned by that person or group in excess of 4.9% may not be voted on any matter and will not be considered to be outstanding when sending notices of a meeting of unitholders, calculating required votes (except for purposes of nominating a person for election to our board), determining the presence of a quorum or for other similar purposes under our Partnership Agreement, unless required by law. The voting rights of any such unitholders in excess of 4.9% will effectively be redistributed pro rata among the other common unitholders holding less than 4.9% of the voting power of all classes of units entitled to vote. Our General Partner, its affiliates, including our Sponsor, and persons who acquired common units with the prior approval of our Board of Directors will not be subject to this 4.9% limitation except with respect to voting their common units in the election of the elected directors.
Our Partnership Agreement limits the duties our General Partner and our directors and officers may have to our unitholders and restricts the remedies available to unitholders for actions taken by our General Partner or our directors and officers.
Our Partnership Agreement provides that our Board of Directors has the authority to oversee and direct our operations, management and policies on an exclusive basis. The Partnership Act states that a member or manager's "duties and liabilities may be expanded or restricted by provisions in the Partnership Agreement." As permitted by the Partnership Act, our Partnership Agreement contains provisions that reduce the standards to which our General Partner and our directors and our officers may otherwise be held by Marshall Islands law. For example, our Partnership Agreement:
·
provides that our General Partner may make determinations or take or decline to take actions without regard to our or our unitholders' interests. Our General Partner may consider only the interests and factors that it desires, and it has no duty or obligation to give any consideration to any interest of, or factors affecting us, our affiliates or our unitholders. Decisions made by our General Partner will be made by its sole owner. Specifically, our General Partner may decide to exercise its right to make a determination to receive common units in exchange for resetting the target distribution levels related to the incentive distribution rights, call right, pre-emptive rights or registration rights, consent or withhold consent to any merger or consolidation of the Partnership, appoint certain of our directors or vote for the election of any director, vote or refrain from voting on amendments to our Partnership Agreement that require a vote of the outstanding units, voluntarily withdraw from the Partnership, transfer (to the extent permitted under our Partnership Agreement) or refrain from transferring its units, the general partner interest or incentive distribution rights or vote upon the dissolution of the Partnership;
·
provides that our directors and officers are entitled to make other decisions in "good faith," meaning they reasonably believe that the decision is in our best interests;
·
generally provides that affiliated transactions and resolutions of conflicts of interest not approved by the conflicts committee of our Board of Directors, or our Conflicts Committee, and not involving a vote of unitholders must be on terms no less favorable to us than those generally being provided to or available from unrelated third-parties or be "fair and reasonable" to us and that, in determining whether a transaction or resolution is "fair and reasonable," our Board of Directors may consider the totality of the relationships between the parties involved, including other transactions that may be particularly advantageous or beneficial to us; and
11



·
provides that neither our General Partner nor our officers or our directors will be liable for monetary damages to us, our members or assignees for any acts or omissions unless there has been a final and non-appealable judgment entered by a court of competent jurisdiction determining that our General Partner, our directors or officers or those other persons engaged in actual fraud or willful misconduct.
In order to become a member of our Partnership, a common unitholder is required to agree to be bound by the provisions in the Partnership Agreement, including the provisions discussed above.
Fees and cost reimbursements, which our Manager will determine for services provided to us, will be substantial, will be payable regardless of our profitability and will reduce our cash available for distribution to our unitholders.
Our Manager, which is wholly-owned by Mr. Georgios Prokopiou, is responsible for the commercial and technical management of the vessels in our Fleet pursuant to the Management Agreements. We currently pay our Manager a fee of $2,898 per day for each vessel for providing our vessel owning subsidiaries with technical, commercial, insurance, accounting, financing, provisions, crewing and bunkering services. In addition we pay our Manager a commercial management fee equal to 1.25% of the gross charter hire and the ballast bonus, which is the amount paid to the shipowner as compensation for all or part of the cost of positioning the vessel to the port where the vessel will be delivered to the charterer. We incurred an aggregate expense of approximately $8.0 million in connection with the commercial and technical management of our Fleet for the year ended December 31, 2017.
The management fee increases by 3% annually unless otherwise agreed, between us, with approval of our Conflicts Committee, and our Manager. The management fees payable for the vessels may be further increased if our Manager has incurred material unforeseen costs of providing the management services, by an amount to be agreed between us and our Manager, which amount will be reviewed and approved by our Conflicts Committee.
We have further entered into an executive services agreement, or the Executive Services Agreement, with our Manager, pursuant to which our Manager provides us with the services of our executive officers, who report directly to our Board of Directors. Under the Executive Services Agreement, our Manager is entitled to an executive services fee of €538,000 per annum, for the initial five year term, which expires in November 2018, payable in equal monthly installments. After the expiration of the firm period, the Executive Services Agreement will automatically be renewed for successive five year terms unless terminated earlier. As of December 31, 2017, we incurred approximately $0.6 million in connection with this agreement.
Pursuant to an administrative services agreement, or the Administrative Services Agreement, our Manager also provides us with certain administrative and support services for which we currently pay a monthly fee of $10,000, plus all related costs and expenses. As of December 31, 2017, we incurred $0.1 million in connection with this agreement.
For a description of our Management Agreements, Executive Services Agreement and Administrative Services Agreement, see "Item 7. Major Unitholders and Related Party Transactions—B. Related Party Transactions." The fees and expenses payable pursuant to the Management Agreements, Executive Services Agreement and the Administrative Services Agreement will be payable without regard to our financial condition or results of operations. The payment of such fees could adversely affect our ability to pay cash distributions to our unitholders.
Our Partnership Agreement contains provisions that may have the effect of discouraging a person or group from attempting to remove our current management or our General Partner and even if public unitholders are dissatisfied, they will be unable to remove our General Partner without our Sponsor's consent, unless our Sponsor's ownership interest in us is decreased; all of which could diminish the trading price of our common units.
Our Partnership Agreement contains provisions that may have the effect of discouraging a person or group from attempting to remove our current management or our General Partner.
·
The unitholders are unable to remove our General Partner without its consent because our General Partner and its affiliates, including our Sponsor, own sufficient units to be able to prevent its removal. The vote of the holders of at least 66 2/3% of all outstanding common units voting together as a single class is required to remove our General Partner. Our Sponsor currently owns 15,595,000 of our common units, representing approximately 43.9% of the outstanding common units.
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·
Common unitholders are entitled to elect only three of the five members of our Board of Directors. Our General Partner in its sole discretion appoints the remaining two directors.
·
Election of the three directors elected by unitholders is staggered, meaning that the members of only one of three classes of our elected directors are selected each year. In addition, the two directors appointed by our General Partner serve until a successor is duly appointed by the General Partner.
·
Our Partnership Agreement contains provisions limiting the ability of unitholders to call meetings of unitholders, to nominate directors and to acquire information about our operations as well as other provisions limiting the unitholders' ability to influence the manner or direction of management.
·
Unitholders' voting rights are further restricted by the Partnership Agreement provision providing that if any person or group owns beneficially more than 4.9% of any class of units then outstanding, any such units owned by that person or group in excess of 4.9% may not be voted on any matter and will not be considered to be outstanding when sending notices of a meeting of unitholders, calculating required votes (except for purposes of nominating a person for election to our board), determining the presence of a quorum or for other similar purposes under our Partnership Agreement, unless required by law. The voting rights of any such unitholders in excess of 4.9% will effectively be redistributed pro rata among the other common unitholders holding less than 4.9% of the voting power of all classes of units entitled to vote. Our General Partner, its affiliates and persons who acquired common units with the prior approval of our Board of Directors are not be subject to this 4.9% limitation except with respect to voting their common units in the election of the elected directors.
·
There are no restrictions in our Partnership Agreement on our ability to issue additional equity securities.
The effect of these provisions may be to diminish the price at which the common units will trade.
You may not have limited liability if a court finds that unitholder action constitutes control of our business.
As a limited partner in a partnership organized under the laws of the Marshall Islands, you could be held liable for our obligations to the same extent as a General Partner if you participate in the "control" of our business. Our General Partner generally has unlimited liability for the obligations of the Partnership, such as its debts and environmental liabilities, except for those contractual obligations of the Partnership that are expressly made without recourse to our General Partner. In addition, the limitations on the liability of holders of limited partner interests for the obligations of a limited partnership have not been clearly established in some jurisdictions in which we do business.
We can borrow money to pay distributions, which would reduce the amount of credit available to be used in connection with the operation of our business.
Our Partnership Agreement allows us to make working capital borrowings to pay distributions. Accordingly, if we have available borrowing capacity, we can make distributions on all our units even though cash generated by our operations may not be sufficient to pay such distributions. Any working capital borrowings by us to make distributions will reduce the amount of working capital borrowings we can make for operating our business. For more information, see "Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects."
We are dependent on our affiliated Manager for the management of our Fleet and for the provision of executive management and financial support services.
We subcontract the commercial and technical management of our Fleet, including crewing, maintenance and repair pursuant to management agreements, or the Management Agreements, with our affiliated Manager for the commercial and technical management of our Fleet. The loss of our Manager's services or its failure to perform its obligations to us could materially and adversely affect the results of our operations. In addition, our Manager provides us with significant management, administrative, executive, financial and other support services.
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In addition, our ability to enter into new charters and expand our customer relationships depends largely on our ability to leverage our relationship with our Manager and its reputation and relationships in the shipping industry. If our Manager suffers material damage to its reputation or relationships, it may harm our ability to:
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renew existing charters upon their expiration;
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obtain new charters;
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successfully interact with shipyards;
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obtain financing on commercially acceptable terms;
·
maintain access to capital under the Sponsor credit facility; or
·
maintain satisfactory relationships with suppliers and other third-parties.
Our business will be harmed if our Manager fails to perform these services satisfactorily, if they cancel their agreements with us or if they stop providing these services to us. Our operational success and ability to execute our growth strategy will depend significantly upon the satisfactory performance of these services by our Manager and the reputation of our Manager.
Our current time charters and certain of our debt agreements prevent us from changing our Manager.
Our ability to change the Manager of the vessels in our Fleet to another affiliated or third-party manager, is prohibited, without prior written consent, by provisions in our current time charters, the terms of our Term Loan B and the Manager's Undertaking delivered by the Manager in connection with the Term Loan B.  In addition, we cannot assure you that future debt agreements or time charter contracts with our existing or new lenders or charterers, respectively, will not contain similar provisions.
Since our Manager is a privately held company and there is little or no publicly available information about it, an investor could have little advance warning of potential financial and other problems that might affect our Manager that could have a material adverse effect on us.
The ability of our Manager to continue providing services for our benefit will depend in part on its own financial strength. Circumstances beyond our control could impair our Manager's financial strength, and because it is privately held, it is unlikely that information about its financial strength would become public unless our Manager began to default on its obligations. As a result, an investor in our common units might have little advance warning of problems affecting our Manager, even though these problems could have a material adverse effect on us.
Our Manager may be unable to attract, provide and retain key management personnel, which may negatively impact the effectiveness of our management and our results of operation.
Our success depends to a significant extent upon the abilities and the efforts of our executive officers, whose services are provided to us by our Manager pursuant to an Executive Services Agreement. While we believe that we have an experienced management team, the loss or unavailability of one or more of our senior executives for any extended period of time could have an adverse effect on our business and results of operations.
A shortage of qualified officers and crew could have an adverse effect on our business and financial condition.
LNG carriers require a technically skilled officer staff with specialized training. As the world LNG carrier fleet continues to grow, the demand for technically skilled officers and crew has been increasing. If we or our third-party vessel Manager is unable to employ technically skilled staff and crew, we will not be able to adequately staff our vessels. A material decrease in the supply of technically skilled officers or an inability of our Manager to attract and retain such qualified officers could impair our ability to operate, or increase the cost of crewing our vessels, which would materially adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations and significantly reduce our ability to pay quarterly distributions to our common and preferred unitholders.
We are a holding company, and our ability to make cash distributions to our unitholders will be limited by the value of investments we currently hold and by the distribution of funds from our subsidiaries.
We are a holding company whose assets mainly consist of equity interests in our subsidiaries. As a result, our ability to make cash distributions to our unitholders will depend on the performance of our operating subsidiaries. If we are not able to receive sufficient funds from our subsidiaries, we will not be able to pay distributions unless we obtain funds from other sources. We may not be able to obtain the necessary funds from other sources on terms acceptable to us.
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We are an "emerging growth company" and we cannot be certain if the reduced disclosure requirements applicable to emerging growth companies will make our common units less attractive to investors.
We are an "emerging growth company" as defined in the JOBS Act. We will continue to be deemed an "emerging growth company" until the earliest of the last day of (i) the fiscal year of during which we had total annual gross revenues of $1 billion or more, (ii) the last day of the fiscal year following the fifth anniversary of our IPO, or December 31, 2018, (iii) the date in which, during the previous 3-year period, we have issued more than $1.0 billion in non-convertible debt, or (iv) the date on which we will be deemed to be a large accelerated filer. Until the time when we cease to be an "emerging growth company," we are exempt from having our independent auditor assess our internal control over financial reporting under Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. We cannot predict if investors will find our common units less attractive because we rely on this exemption. If some investors find our common units less attractive as a result, there may be a less active trading market for our units and our unit price may be more volatile.
Our ability to grow and to meet our financial needs may be adversely affected by our cash distribution policy.
Our cash distribution policy, which is consistent with our Partnership Agreement, requires us to distribute all of our available cash (as defined in our Partnership Agreement) each quarter. As a result, we do not expect to accumulate significant amounts of cash. Accordingly, our growth may not be as fast as businesses that reinvest their available cash to expand ongoing operations.
In determining the amount of cash available for distribution, our Board of Directors approves the amount of cash reserves to set aside, including reserves for future maintenance and replacement capital expenditures distributions relating to our Series A Preferred Units and common units, working capital and other matters. We may also rely upon external financing sources, including commercial borrowings, to fund our capital expenditures. Accordingly, to the extent we do not have sufficient cash reserves or are unable to obtain financing, our cash distribution policy, including the distributions we make with respect to our Series A Preferred Units, may significantly impair our ability to meet our financial needs or to grow.
Due to our lack of diversification, adverse developments in our LNG shipping business could reduce our ability to make distributions to our unitholders.
We rely exclusively on the cash flow generated from our LNG carriers. Due to our lack of diversification, an adverse development in the LNG shipping industry could have a significantly greater impact on our financial condition and results of operations than if we maintained more diverse assets or lines of businesses.
We may experience operational problems with vessels that reduce revenue and increase costs.
LNG carriers are complex and their operation is technically challenging. Marine transportation operations are subject to mechanical risks and problems. Operational problems may lead to loss of revenue or higher than anticipated operating expenses or require additional capital expenditures. Any of these results could harm our business, financial condition, results of operations and ability to make cash distributions to our unitholders.
Upon the expiration of the subordination period on January 23, 2017, the subordinated units converted into common units and now participate pro rata with other common units in distributions of available cash.
During the subordination period, which we define elsewhere in this Annual Report, the common units had the right to receive distributions of available cash from operating surplus in an amount equal to the minimum quarterly distribution of $0.365 per unit, plus any arrearages in the payment of the minimum quarterly distribution on the common units from prior quarters, before any distributions of available cash from operating surplus were to be made on the subordinated units. Distribution arrearages did not accrue on the subordinated units. The purpose of the subordinated units was to increase the likelihood that during the subordination period there would be available cash from operating surplus to be distributed on the common units. On January 23, 2017, upon our payment to unitholders of the quarterly distribution in respect of the fourth quarter of 2016, the conditions set forth in the Partnership Agreement for the conversion of the subordinated units were satisfied and the subordination period expired. At the expiration of the subordination period, the 14,985,000 subordinated units owned by our Sponsor converted into common units on a one-for-one basis and now participate pro rata with other common units in distributions of available cash . Upon the conversion and as of the date of this Annual Report, our Sponsor owns 15,595,000 common units, or approximately 43.9% of our outstanding common units.
See "Item 8. Financial Information—A. Consolidated Statements and Other Financial Information—Our Cash Distribution Policy."
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Actions taken by our Board of Directors may affect the amount of cash available for distribution to unitholders.
The amount of cash that is available for distribution to unitholders is affected by decisions of our Board of Directors regarding such matters as:
·
the amount and timing of asset purchases and sales;
·
cash expenditures;
·
borrowings;
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estimates of maintenance and replacement capital expenditures;
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the issuance of additional units; And
·
the creation, reduction or increase of reserves in any quarter.
In addition, borrowings by us and our affiliates do not constitute a breach of any duty owed by our General Partner or our directors to our unitholders, including borrowings that have the purpose or effect of enabling our General Partner or its affiliates to receive distributions or incentive distribution rights.
For example, in the event we have not generated sufficient cash from our operations to pay the minimum quarterly distribution on our common units, our Partnership Agreement permits us to borrow funds, which would enable us to make this distribution on all outstanding units.
Our Partnership Agreement provides that we and our subsidiaries may borrow funds from our General Partner and its affiliates. Our General Partner and its affiliates may not borrow funds from us or our subsidiaries.
Risks Relating to Our Industry
 
Our future growth and performance depends on continued growth in LNG production and demand for LNG and LNG shipping.
 
A complete LNG project includes production, liquefaction, storage, regasification and distribution facilities, in addition to the marine transportation of LNG. Increased infrastructure investment has led to an expansion of LNG production capacity in recent years, but material delays in the construction of new liquefaction facilities could constrain the amount of LNG available for shipping, reducing vessel utilization. While global LNG demand has continued to rise, it has risen at a slower pace than previously predicted and the rate of its growth has fluctuated due to several factors, including the global economic crisis and continued economic uncertainty, fluctuations in the price of natural gas and other sources of energy, the continued acceleration in natural gas production from unconventional sources in regions such as North America and the highly complex and capital intensive nature of new or expanded LNG projects, including liquefaction projects. Continued growth in LNG production and demand for LNG and LNG shipping could be negatively affected by a number of factors, including, without limitation:
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increases in interest rates or other events that may affect the availability of sufficient financing for LNG projects on commercially reasonable terms;
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increases in the cost of natural gas derived from LNG relative to the cost of natural gas generally;
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increases in the production levels of low-cost natural gas in domestic natural gas consuming markets, which could further depress prices for natural gas in those markets and make LNG uneconomical;
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increases in the production of natural gas in areas linked by pipelines to consuming areas, the extension of existing, or the development of new pipeline systems in markets we may serve, or the conversion of existing non-natural gas pipelines to natural gas pipelines in those markets;
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decreases in the consumption of natural gas due to increases in its price, decreases in the price of alternative energy sources or other factors making consumption of natural gas less attractive;
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·
any significant explosion, spill or other incident involving an LNG facility or carrier;
·
infrastructure constraints such as delays in the construction of liquefaction facilities, the inability of project owners or operators to obtain governmental approvals to construct or operate LNG facilities, as well as community or political action group resistance to new LNG infrastructure due to concerns about the environment, safety and terrorism;
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labor or political unrest or military conflicts affecting existing or proposed areas of LNG production or regasification;
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decreases in the price of LNG, which might decrease the expected returns relating to investments in LNG projects;
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new taxes or regulations affecting LNG production or liquefaction that make LNG production less attractive; or
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negative global or regional economic or political conditions, particularly in LNG consuming regions, which could reduce energy consumption or its growth.
Reduced demand for LNG and LNG shipping or any reduction or limitation in LNG production capacity, could have a material adverse effect on our ability to secure future multi-year time charters upon expiration or early termination of our current charter arrangements, or for any new ships we acquire, which could harm our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows, including cash available for distribution to our unitholders.
Fluctuations in overall LNG demand growth could adversely affect our ability to secure future time charters.
According to Drewry Shipping Consultants Ltd., or Drewry, LNG trade has started to increase during 2016 and 2017, mainly driven by the demand from China and India. In 2017, LNG trade grew by 13% due to the sizeable growth in imports by the major LNG importing countries. In particular, Chinese LNG imports increased 53% year over year to about 38.3 million tons in 2017 as the country has been shifting from coal to gas for industrial uses and heating purposes. Additionally, India's LNG imports grew 7% year over year to 17.7 million tons in 2017. In 2016, global LNG trade recorded growth of 2% year over year to 253 million tons whereas Chinese LNG imports strengthened 31% year over year. However, demand from the key Asian importers, Japan and South Korea, has been stagnant as a change in priorities has marked a shift back to nuclear energy and coal-based power plants. In addition, demand from European countries has also dwindled in recent years, and lower crude oil prices have further weakened LNG demand. Fluctuating demand along with economic uncertainty could hurt our ability to secure future-term charters.
We may have more difficulty entering into multi-year time charters in the future if an active spot LNG shipping market continues to develop.
One of our principal strategies is to enter into additional LNG carrier long-term time charters. Most shipping requirements for new LNG projects continue to be provided on a multi-year basis, though the level of spot voyages and time charters of less than 24 months in duration has grown in the past few years. If an active spot market continues to develop, we may have increased difficulty entering into multi-year time charters upon expiration or early termination of our current charters or for any vessels that we acquire in the future, and, as a result, our cash flow may be less stable. In addition, an active spot LNG market may require us to enter into charters based on changing market prices, as opposed to contracts based on a fixed rate, which could result in a decrease in our cash flow in periods when the market price for shipping LNG is depressed which may lead to insufficient funds to cover our financing and other costs for our vessels.
Demand for LNG shipping could be significantly affected by volatile natural gas prices and the overall demand for natural gas.
Gas prices are volatile and are affected by numerous factors beyond our control, including but not limited to the following:
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worldwide demand for natural gas;
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the cost of exploration, development, production, transportation and distribution of natural gas;
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·
expectations regarding future energy prices for both natural gas and other sources of energy;
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the level of worldwide LNG production and exports;
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government laws and regulations, including but not limited to environmental protection laws and regulations;
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local and international political, economic and weather conditions;
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political and military conflicts; and
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the availability and cost of alternative energy sources, including alternate sources of natural gas in gas importing and consuming countries.
Seasonality in demand, peak-load demand, and other short-term factors such as pipeline gas disruptions and maintenance schedules of utilities affect charters of less than two years and rates. In general, reduced demand for LNG, LNG carriers or LNG shipping would have a material adverse effect on our future growth and could harm our business, results of operations and financial condition.
Hire rates for LNG carriers may fluctuate substantially. If rates are lower when we are seeking a new charter, our revenues and cash flows may decline.
Our ability from time to time to charter or re-charter any vessel at attractive rates will depend on, among other things, the prevailing economic conditions in the LNG industry. Hire rates for LNG carriers may fluctuate over time as a result of changes in the supply-demand balance relating to current and future vessel capacity. This supply-demand relationship largely depends on a number of factors outside our control. The LNG charter market is connected to world natural gas prices and energy markets, which we cannot predict. A substantial or extended decline in demand for natural gas or LNG could adversely affect our ability to re-charter our vessels at acceptable rates or to acquire and profitably operate new vessels. Hire rates for newbuildings are correlated with the price of newbuildings. Hire rates at a time when we may be seeking new charters may be lower than the hire rates at which our vessels are currently chartered. If hire rates are lower when we are seeking a new charter, our revenues and cash flows, including cash available for distributions to our unitholders, may decline, as we may only be able to enter into new charters at reduced or unprofitable rates or we may have to secure a charter in the spot market, where hire rates are more volatile. Prolonged periods of low charter hire rates or low vessel utilization could also have a material adverse effect on the value of our assets.
Vessel values may fluctuate substantially and, if these values are lower at a time when we are attempting to dispose of vessels, we may incur a loss.
Factors that influence vessel values include:
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prevailing economic conditions in the natural gas and energy markets;
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a substantial or extended decline in demand for LNG;
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increases in the supply of vessel capacity;
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the size and age of a vessel; and
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the cost of retrofitting or modifying secondhand vessels, as a result of technological advances in vessel design or equipment, changes in applicable environmental or other regulations or standards, customer requirements or otherwise.
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As our vessels age, the expenses associated with maintaining and operating them are expected to increase, which could have an adverse effect on our business and operations if we do not maintain sufficient cash reserves for maintenance and replacement capital expenditures. Moreover, the cost of a replacement vessel would be significant. If a charter terminates, we may be unable to re-deploy the affected vessels at attractive rates and, rather than continue to incur costs to maintain and finance them, we may seek to dispose of them. Our inability to dispose of vessels at a reasonable value could result in a loss on their sale and adversely affect our ability to purchase a replacement vessel, results of operations and financial condition and ability to pay minimum quarterly or other distributions to our unitholders.
An oversupply of ships or delays or abandonment of planned projects may lead to a reduction in the charter hire rates we are able to obtain when seeking charters in the future.
According to Drewry, during the period from 2011 to January 2018, the global fleet of LNG carriers grew from 360 to 456 vessels due to the construction and delivery of new LNG carriers and low levels of vessel demolition. Only 16 LNG carriers, representing 3.5% of the LNG vessels currently in service, have an Ice Class 1A and ice-class 1A super designation or equivalent rating, according to Drewry.
Although the global newbuilding orderbook dropped sharply in 2008, 2009 and 2010, ordering activity increased in 2011 and 2012 in light of Fukushima nuclear disaster. According to Drewry, a total of 56 LNG carrier newbuilding orders were placed in 2011 and 34 in 2012. In 2013 and 2014 ordering activity remained firm and a total of 100 newbuild orders were placed. New orders declined in 2015 to 32, followed by only 7 new orders placed in 2016. In 2017, 14 new LNG orders were placed. As of January 31, 2018, the newbuilding orderbook consisted of 111 vessels with a combined capacity of 18.7 million cbm, equivalent to 26.6% of the current global LNG carrier fleet capacity, according to Drewry. The delivery of these newbuildings will be spread out between 2018 and 2021.
According to Drewry, as of January 31, 2018, there were 56 LNG carriers in the size range of 149,000-155,000 cbm in the LNG trading fleet, of which 48 have membrane cargo containment system. There were four LNG carriers in the same size segment on orderbook. However, all of them have moss spherical containment system.
Further technological advancements and other innovations affecting LNG carriers could reduce the charter hire rates we are able to obtain when seeking new employment and this could adversely impact the value of our assets and our future financial performance.
The charter rates, asset value and operational life of an LNG carrier are determined by a number of factors, including the vessel's efficiency, operational flexibility and physical life. Efficiency includes speed and fuel economy. Flexibility includes the ability to enter harbors, utilize related docking facilities and pass through canals and straits. Physical life is related to the original design and construction, the ongoing maintenance and the impact of operational stresses on the asset. If more advanced ship designs are developed in the future and new ships are built that are more efficient or more flexible or have longer physical lives than ours, competition from these more technologically advanced LNG carriers could adversely affect the charter hire rates we will be able to secure when we seek to re-charter our vessels upon expiration or early termination of our current charter arrangements and could also reduce the resale value of our vessels. This could also adversely affect our revenues and cash flows, including cash available for distributions to our unitholders.
If we cannot meet our charterers' quality and compliance requirements we may not be able to operate our vessels profitably which could have an adverse effect on our future financial performance.
Customers, and in particular those in the LNG industry, have a high and increasing focus on quality and compliance standards with their suppliers across the entire value chain, including the shipping and transportation segment. Our continuous compliance with these standards and quality requirements is vital for our operations. Related risks could materialize in multiple ways, including a sudden and unexpected breach in quality and/or compliance concerning one or more vessels, a continuous decrease in the quality concerning one or more LNG carriers occurring over time. Moreover, continuous increasing requirements from LNG industry constituents can further complicate our ability to meet the standards. Any noncompliance by the Partnership, either suddenly or over a period of time, on one or more LNG Carriers, or an increase in requirements by our charterers above and beyond what we deliver, may have a material adverse effect on our future performance, results of operations, cash flows and financial position.
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Exposure to currency exchange rate fluctuations will result in fluctuations in our cash flows and operating results.
Historically our revenue has been generated in U.S. Dollars, but we incur capital, operating and administrative expenses in multiple currencies, including, among others, the Euro. If the U.S. Dollar weakens significantly, we would be required to convert more U.S. Dollars to other currencies to satisfy our obligations, which would cause us to have less cash available for distribution. Because we report our operating results in U.S. Dollars, changes in the value of the U.S. Dollar also result in fluctuations in our reported revenues and earnings. In addition, under U.S. GAAP, all foreign currency-denominated monetary assets and liabilities such as cash and accounts payable are revalued and reported based on the prevailing exchange rate at the end of the reporting period. This revaluation may cause us to report significant non-monetary foreign currency exchange gains and losses in certain periods.
An increase in operating expenses, dry-docking costs or bunker costs and other capital expenses could materially and adversely affect our financial performance.
Our operating expenses and dry-dock capital expenditures depend on a variety of factors including crew costs, provisions, deck and engine stores and spares, lubricating oil, insurance, maintenance and repairs and shipyard costs, many of which are beyond our control and affect the entire shipping industry. Also, while we do not bear the cost of fuel (bunkers) under our time charters, fuel is a significant expense in our operations when our vessels are, for example, moving to or from dry-dock or when off-hire. The price and supply of fuel is unpredictable and fluctuates based on events outside our control, including geopolitical developments, supply and demand for oil and gas, actions by the Organization of  the Petroleum Exporting Countries, or OPEC, and other oil and gas producers, war and unrest in oil-producing countries and regions, regional production patterns and environmental concerns. These may increase vessel operating and dry-docking costs further, which could materially and adversely affect our results of operations.
In addition, capital expenditures and other costs necessary for maintaining a vessel in good operating condition generally increase as the age of the vessel increases. Accordingly, it is likely that the operating costs of our vessels and capital expenditures we are required to make will increase in the future which will have a direct impact on our future results or operations and cash flows.
The operation of LNG carriers is inherently risky, and an incident involving significant loss of or environmental consequences involving any of our vessels could harm our reputation and business.
Our vessels and their cargoes are at risk of being damaged or lost because of events such as:
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marine disasters;
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piracy;
·
environmental accidents;
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bad weather;
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mechanical failures;
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grounding, fire, explosions and collisions;
·
human error; and
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war and terrorism.
An accident involving any of our vessels could result in any of the following:
·
death or injury to persons, loss of property or environmental damage;
·
delays or failure in the delivery of cargo;
·
loss of revenues from or termination of charter contracts;
·
governmental fines, penalties or restrictions on conducting business;
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·
spills, pollution and the liability associated with the same;
·
higher insurance rates; and
·
damage to our reputation and customer relationships generally.
Any of these events could result in a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and operating results. If our vessels suffer damage, they may need to be repaired. The costs of vessel repairs are unpredictable and can be substantial. We may have to pay repair costs that our insurance policies do not cover. The loss of earnings while these vessels are being repaired, as well as the actual cost of these repairs, would decrease our results of operations. If any of our vessels is involved in an accident with the potential risk of environmental consequences, the resulting media coverage could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and cash flows, which in turn could weaken our financial condition and negatively affect our ability to pay distributions to our unitholders.
Our insurance may be insufficient to cover losses that may occur to our property or result from our operations.
The operation of LNG carriers is inherently risky. Although we carry protection and indemnity insurance consistent with industry standards, all risks may not be adequately insured against, and any particular claim may not be paid. Any claims covered by insurance would be subject to deductibles, and since it is possible that a large number of claims may be brought, the aggregate amount of these deductibles could be material. Certain of our insurance coverage is maintained through mutual protection and indemnity associations, and as a member of such associations we may be required to make additional payments over and above budgeted premiums if member claims exceed association reserves. We may be unable to procure adequate insurance coverage at commercially reasonable rates in the future. For example, more stringent environmental regulations have led in the past to increased costs for, and in the future may result in the lack of availability of, insurance against risks of environmental damage or pollution. A marine disaster could exceed our insurance coverage, which could harm our business, financial condition and operating results. Any uninsured or underinsured loss could harm our business and financial condition. In addition, our insurance may be voidable by the insurers as a result of certain of our actions, such as our vessels failing to maintain certification with applicable maritime self-regulatory organizations.
Changes in the insurance markets attributable to terrorist attacks may also make certain types of insurance more difficult for us to obtain. In addition, upon renewal or expiration of our current policies, the insurance that may be available to us may be significantly more expensive than our existing coverage.
Our vessels may suffer damage and we may face unexpected costs and off-hire days.
In the event of damage to our owned vessels, the damaged vessel would be off-hire while it is being repaired, which would decrease our revenues and cash flows, including cash available for distributions to our unitholders. In addition, the costs of vessel repairs are unpredictable and can be substantial. In the event of repair costs that are not covered by our insurance policies, we may have to pay such repair costs, which would decrease our earnings and cash flows.
Volatile economic conditions may adversely impact our ability to obtain financing or refinance our future credit facilities on acceptable terms, which may hinder or prevent us from operating or expanding our business.
Global financial markets and economic conditions have been, and continue to be, volatile. This volatility has negatively affected the general willingness of banks and other financial institutions to extend credit, particularly in the shipping industry, due to the historically volatile asset values of vessels. As the shipping industry is highly dependent on the availability of credit to finance and expand operations, it has been and may continue to be negatively affected by this decline in lending. A weak state of global financial markets and economic conditions might adversely impact our ability to issue additional equity at prices that will not be dilutive to our existing unitholders or preclude us from issuing equity at all.
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Also, as a result of concerns about the stability of financial markets generally and the solvency of counterparties specifically, the cost of obtaining money from the credit markets has increased as many lenders have increased interest rates, enacted tighter lending standards, refused to refinance existing debt at all or on terms similar to current debt and reduced, and in some cases ceased, to provide funding to borrowers. Due to these factors, we cannot be certain that financing will be available to the extent required, or that we will be able to refinance our future credit facilities, on acceptable terms or at all. If financing or refinancing is not available when needed, or is available only on unfavorable terms, we may be unable to meet our obligations as they come due or we may be unable to enhance our existing business, complete the acquisition of newbuildings (if any) and additional vessels or otherwise take advantage of business opportunities as they arise.
As of the date of this Annual Report, we have not secured any financing in connection with the potential acquisition of the remaining Initial Optional Vessels or the Additional Optional Vessels from our Sponsor since it is uncertain if and when such purchase options will be exercised, if at all. Our Sponsor has secured financing for the Initial Optional Vessels and, our Sponsor together with its joint venture partners, have secured financing for the Additional Optional Vessels.  In the event we acquire any or all of such Optional Vessels in the future, we may enter into agreements with our Sponsor to novate these loan agreements to us, subject to the satisfaction of certain conditions. Any such novation would be subject to each respective lender's consent. We may also seek to enter into new financing arrangements.
A cyber-attack could materially disrupt our business.
Our business operations could be targeted by individuals or groups seeking to sabotage or disrupt our information technology systems and networks, or to steal data. A successful cyber-attack could materially disrupt our operations, including the safety of its operations, or lead to unauthorized release of information or alteration of information on its systems. Any such attack or other breach of our information technology systems could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows, including cash available for distributions to our unitholders.
Compliance with safety and other requirements imposed by classification societies may be very costly and may adversely affect our business.
The hull and machinery of every commercial LNG carrier must be classed by a classification society. The classification society certifies that the vessel has been built and maintained in accordance with the applicable rules and regulations of that classification society. Moreover, every vessel must comply with all applicable international conventions and the regulations of the vessel's flag state as verified by a classification society. Finally, each vessel must successfully undergo periodic surveys, including annual, intermediate and five-year special surveys performed under the classification society's rules.
If any vessel does not maintain its class, it will lose its insurance coverage and be unable to trade, and the vessel's owner will be in breach of relevant covenants under its financing arrangements. Failure to maintain the class of one or more of our vessels could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows, including cash available for distributions to our unitholders.
The LNG shipping industry is subject to substantial environmental and other regulations, which may significantly limit our operations or increase our expenses.
Our operations are materially affected by extensive and changing international, national, state and local environmental laws, regulations, treaties, conventions and standards which are in force in international waters or in the jurisdictional waters of the countries in which our vessels operate and in the countries in which our vessels are registered. These requirements relate to complying with applicable legislation and minimizing our environmental footprint (of our operations both onboard and ashore). We expect to incur substantial expenses in complying with these requirements, including, but not limited to, costs relating to air emissions including greenhouse gases, sulfur emissions, the management of ballast waters, maintenance and inspection, development and implementation of emergency procedures and insurance coverage. We could also incur substantial costs, including clean-up costs, civil and criminal penalties and sanctions, the suspension or termination of operations and third-party claims as a result of violations of, or liabilities under, such laws and regulations.
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In addition, these requirements can affect the resale value or useful lives of our vessels, require a reduction in cargo capacity, necessitate vessel modifications or operational changes or restrictions or lead to decreased availability of insurance coverage for environmental matters. They could further result in the denial of access to certain jurisdictional waters or ports or detention in certain ports. We are required to obtain governmental approvals and permits to operate our vessels and also to maintain environmental manuals and plans. Delays in obtaining such governmental approvals may increase our expenses, and the terms and conditions of such approvals could materially and adversely affect our operations.
Additional laws and regulations may be adopted in the future that could limit our ability to do business or increase our operating costs, which could materially and adversely affect our business. For example, new or amended legislation relating to ship recycling, sewage systems, emission control (including emissions of greenhouse gases) as well as ballast water treatment and ballast water handling may be adopted. The United States has enacted legislation and regulations that require more stringent controls of air and water emissions from ocean-going ships. Such legislation or regulations may require additional capital expenditures or operating expenses (such as increased costs for low-sulfur fuel or costs related to the installation of scrubbers for cleaning exhaust gas) in order for us to maintain our vessels' compliance with international and/or national regulations. We also may become subject to additional laws and regulations or any new legislation that may come into effect if we enter new markets or trades.
We also believe that the heightened environmental, quality and security concerns of insurance underwriters, regulators and charterers will generally lead to additional regulatory requirements, including enhanced risk assessment and security requirements as well as greater inspection and safety requirements on all LNG carriers in the marine transportation market. These requirements are likely to add incremental costs to our operations, and the failure to comply with these requirements may affect the ability of our vessels to obtain and, possibly, collect on, insurance or to obtain the required certificates for entry into the different ports where we operate.
Some environmental laws and regulations, such as the U.S. Oil Pollution Act of 1990, or OPA, provide for potentially unlimited joint, several, and/or strict liability for owners, operators and demise or bareboat charterers for oil pollution and related damages. OPA applies to discharges of any oil from a ship in U.S. waters, including discharges of fuel and lubricants from an LNG carrier, even if the ships do not carry oil as cargo. Vessels are required to carry onboard a ship-specific non-tank vessel response plan to address contingencies relating to discharges of any oil. In addition, many states in the United States bordering on a navigable waterway have enacted legislation providing for potentially unlimited strict liability without regard to fault for the discharge of pollutants within their waters. We also are subject to other laws and conventions outside the United States that provide for an owner or operator of LNG carriers to bear strict liability for pollution, such as the Convention on Limitation of Liability for Maritime Claims of 1976, or the "London Convention."
Some of these laws and conventions, including OPA and the London Convention, may include limitations on liability. However, the limitations may not be applicable in certain circumstances, such as where a spill is caused by a vessel owner's or operators' intentional or reckless conduct. The 2010 Deepwater Horizon oil spill has resulted in additional regulatory initiatives, including the raising of liability caps under OPA. On February 24, 2014, the U.S. Bureau of Ocean Energy Management, or BOEM, proposed a rule increasing the limits of liability for off-shore facilities under OPA based on inflation, effective in January 2015. In April 2016, the U.S. Bureau of Safety and Environmental Enforcement, or BSEE, announced a new Well Control Rule; however, pursuant to orders by the U.S. President in early 2017, BSEE announced in August 2017 that this rule would be revised.
Compliance with OPA and other environmental laws and regulations also may result in vessel owners and operators incurring increased costs for additional maintenance and inspection requirements, the development of contingency arrangements for potential spills, obtaining mandated insurance coverage and meeting financial responsibility requirements.
Please see "Item 4. Information on the Partnership—B. Business Overview—Environmental and Other Regulations."
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Climate change and greenhouse gas restrictions may adversely impact our operations and markets.
Due to concern over the risks of climate change, a number of countries and the International Maritime Organization, or IMO, have adopted, or are considering the adoption of, regulatory frameworks to reduce greenhouse gas emission from ships. These regulatory measures may include adoption of cap and trade regimes, carbon taxes, increased efficiency standards and incentives or mandates for renewable energy. Although emissions of greenhouse gases from international shipping currently are not subject to the Kyoto Protocol to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, or the "Kyoto Protocol", a new treaty may be adopted in the future that includes additional restrictions on shipping emissions to those already adopted under the International Convention for the Prevention of Marine Pollution from Ships (MARPOL), and some countries have made voluntary pledges to control the emissions of greenhouse gasses.  For example, the 2015 United Nations Convention on Climate Change Conference in Paris resulted in the Paris Agreement, which entered into force on November 4, 2016.  While the Paris Agreement does not directly limit greenhouse gas emissions from shipping, the EU made various commitments to reduce overall greenhouse gas emissions from its member states by 2020.  On June 1, 2017, the U.S. President announced that it is withdrawing from the Paris Agreement.  The timing and effect of such action has yet to be determined.  The IMO's Marine Environment Protection Committee, or MEPC, has already approved two sets of mandatory requirements to address greenhouse gases from ships: the Energy Efficiency Design Index, or EEDI, and the Ship Energy Efficiency Management plan, or SEEMP. At MEPC 70 and MEPC 71, a draft outline of the structure of the initial strategy for developing a comprehensive IMO strategy on reduction of greenhouse gas emissions from ships was approved.  In accordance with this roadmap, initial IMO strategy for reduction of greenhouse gas emissions needs to be developed by MEPC 72, which will be held in April 2018.  The IMO may implement market-based mechanisms to reduce greenhouse gas emissions from ships at the upcoming MEPC session. Compliance with future changes in laws and regulations relating to climate change could increase the costs of operating and maintaining our vessels and could require us to install new emission controls, as well as acquire allowances, pay taxes related to our greenhouse gas emissions, or administer and manage a greenhouse gas emissions program. Revenue generation and strategic growth opportunities may also be adversely affected.
Adverse effects upon the oil and gas production industry relating to climate change, including growing public concern about the environmental impact of climate change, may also have an effect on demand for our services. For example, increased regulation of greenhouse gases or other concerns relating to climate change may reduce the demand for oil and gas in the future or create greater incentives for use of alternative energy sources. Any long-term material adverse effect on the oil and gas production industry could have significant financial and operational adverse impacts on our business that we cannot predict with certainty at this time.
Please see "Item 4. Information on the Partnership—B. Business Overview—Environmental and Other Regulations."
We operate our vessels worldwide, which could expose us to political, governmental and economic instability that could harm our business.
Because we operate our vessels worldwide in the geographic areas where our charterers do business, our operations may be affected by changing economic, political and governmental conditions in the countries where our vessels operate, where they are registered, or where our charterers are located. Moreover, we operate in a sector of the economy that is likely to be adversely impacted by the effects of political conflicts, including the current political instability in the Middle East and other geographic countries and areas, geopolitical events such as Brexit, terrorist or other attacks, and war (or threatened war) or international hostilities, such as those between the United States and North Korea. In addition, we may be affected, either directly, or indirectly by continuing political tension in Europe between Russia and the Ukraine following Russia's annexation of Crimea through our customer Gazprom and our prospective customer Yamal, which are both based in Russia. Economic, political and governmental conditions in these and other regions have from time to time resulted in military conflicts, terrorism, attacks on ships, mining of waterways, piracy and other efforts to disrupt shipping. Future hostilities or other political instability in the geographic regions where we operate or may operate could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows, including cash available for distributions to our unitholders. In addition, our business could also be harmed by tariffs, trade embargoes and other economic sanctions by the United States or other countries against countries in the Middle East, Southeast Asia, Russia or elsewhere as a result of terrorist attacks, hostilities or diplomatic or political pressures that limit trading activities with those countries.
The smuggling of drugs or other contraband onto our vessels may lead to governmental claims against us.
We expect that our vessels will call in ports where smugglers may attempt to hide drugs and other contraband on vessels, with or without the knowledge of crew members. To the extent our vessels are found with contraband, whether inside or attached to the hull of our vessels and whether with or without the knowledge of any of our crew, we may face governmental or other regulatory claims that could have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations, cash flows, and ability to pay dividends.
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Failure to comply with the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act and other anti-bribery legislation in other jurisdictions could result in fines, criminal penalties, contract terminations and an adverse effect on our business.
We may operate in a number of countries throughout the world, including countries known to have a reputation for corruption. We are committed to doing business in accordance with applicable anti-corruption laws and have adopted a code of business conduct and ethics which is consistent and in full compliance with the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act of 1977. We are subject, however, to the risk that we, our affiliated entities or our or their respective officers, directors, employees and agents may take actions determined to be in violation of such anti-corruption laws, including the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act. Any such violation could result in substantial fines, sanctions, civil and/or criminal penalties, curtailment of operations in certain jurisdictions, and might adversely affect our business, results of operations or financial condition. In addition, actual or alleged violations could damage our reputation and ability to do business. Furthermore, detecting, investigating, and resolving actual or alleged violations is expensive and can consume significant time and attention of our senior management.
Terrorist attacks, international hostilities and piracy could adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.
The threat of future terrorist attacks around the world and continuing instability in the Middle East and elsewhere  continue to cause economic uncertainty in the global financial markets and may affect our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows. In addition, LNG facilities, shipyards, ships, pipelines and gas fields could be targets of future terrorist attacks or piracy. Terrorist attacks, or the perception that LNG facilities and LNG carriers are potential terrorist targets, could materially and adversely affect expansion of LNG infrastructure and the continued supply of LNG. Further, any such attacks could lead to, among other things, bodily injury or loss of life, as well as damage to the ships or other property, increased vessel operating costs, including insurance costs, reductions in the supply of LNG and the inability to transport LNG to or from certain locations. Terrorist attacks, war or other events beyond our control that adversely affect the production, storage or transportation of LNG to be shipped by us could entitle our charterers to terminate our charter contracts in certain circumstances, which would harm our cash flows and our business. We may not be adequately insured to cover losses from these incidents. In addition, crew costs, including those due to employing onboard security guards, could increase in such circumstances. Any of these occurrences could have a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
Acts of piracy on ocean-going vessels could adversely affect our business.
Acts of piracy have historically affected ocean-going vessels trading in regions of the world such as the South China Sea and in the Gulf of Aden off the coast of Somalia.  Acts of piracy could, in the future, result in harm or danger to the crews that man our vessels. In addition, if these piracy attacks result in regions in which our vessels are deployed being characterized by insurers as "war risk" zones or Joint War Committee "war and strikes" listed areas, premiums payable for such coverage could increase significantly and such insurance coverage may be more difficult to obtain.  In addition, crew costs, due to employing onboard security guards, could increase in such circumstances.  We may not be adequately insured to cover losses from these incidents, which could have a material adverse effect on us.  In addition, detention hijacking, involving the hostile detention of a vessel, as a result of an act of piracy against our vessels, or an increase in cost, or unavailability of insurance for our vessels, could have a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
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The vessels we own or manage could be required by our charterers' instructions to call on ports located in countries that are subject to restrictions imposed by the United States and other governments.
Although no vessels operated by us have called on ports located in countries subject to sanctions and embargoes imposed by the U.S. government and countries identified by the U.S. government as state sponsors of terrorism, such as Iran, Sudan and Syria, in the future our vessels may call on ports in these countries from time to time on our charterers' instructions. The U.S. sanctions and embargo laws and regulations vary in their application, as they do not all apply to the same covered persons or proscribe the same activities, and such sanctions and embargo laws and regulations may be amended or strengthened over time. In 2010, the U.S. enacted the Comprehensive Iran Sanctions Accountability and Divestment Act, or CISADA, which expanded the scope of the Iran Sanctions Act. Among other things, CISADA expands the application of the prohibitions to companies such as ours and introduces limits on the ability of companies and persons to do business or trade with Iran when such activities relate to the investment, supply or export of refined petroleum or petroleum products. In addition, in 2012, President Obama signed Executive Order 13608 which prohibits foreign persons from violating or attempting to violate, or causing a violation of any sanctions in effect against Iran or facilitating any deceptive transactions for or on behalf of any person subject to U.S. sanctions. Any persons found to be in violation of Executive Order 13608 will be deemed a foreign sanctions evader and will be banned from all contacts with the United States, including conducting business in U.S. dollars. Also in 2012, President Obama signed into law the Iran Threat Reduction and Syria Human Rights Act of 2012, or the Iran Threat Reduction Act, which created new sanctions and strengthened existing sanctions. Among other things, the Iran Threat Reduction Act intensifies existing sanctions regarding the provision of goods, services, infrastructure or technology to Iran's petroleum or petrochemical sector. The Iran Threat Reduction Act also includes a provision requiring the President of the United States to impose five or more sanctions from Section 6(a) of the Iran Sanctions Act, as amended, on a person the President determines is a controlling beneficial owner of, or otherwise owns, operates, or controls or insures a vessel that was used to transport crude oil from Iran to another country and (1) if the person is a controlling beneficial owner of the vessel, the person had actual knowledge the vessel was so used or (2) if the person otherwise owns, operates, or controls, or insures the vessel, the person knew or should have known the vessel was so used. Such a person could be subject to a variety of sanctions, including exclusion from U.S. capital markets, exclusion from financial transactions subject to U.S. jurisdiction, and exclusion of that person's vessels from U.S. ports for up to two years.
On November 24, 2013, the P5+1 (the United States, United Kingdom, Germany, France, Russia and China) entered into an interim agreement with Iran entitled the "Joint Plan of Action" ("JPOA"). Under the JPOA it was agreed that, in exchange for Iran taking certain voluntary measures to ensure that its nuclear program is used only for peaceful purposes, the U.S. and EU would voluntarily suspend certain sanctions for a period of six months.
 
On January 20, 2014, the U.S. and E.U. indicated that they would begin implementing the temporary relief measures provided for under the JPOA. These measures included, among other things, the suspension of certain sanctions on the Iranian petrochemicals, precious metals, and automotive industries from January 20, 2014 until July 20, 2014. The JPOA was subsequently extended twice.
On July 14, 2015, the P5+1 and the EU announced that they reached a landmark agreement with Iran titled the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action Regarding the Islamic Republic of Iran's Nuclear Program (the "JCPOA"), which is intended to significantly restrict Iran's ability to develop and produce nuclear weapons for 10 years while simultaneously easing sanctions directed toward non-U.S. persons for conduct involving Iran, but taking place outside of U.S. jurisdiction and does not involve U.S. persons.  On January 16, 2016 ("Implementation Day"), the United States joined the EU and the UN in lifting a significant number of their nuclear-related sanctions on Iran following an announcement by the International Atomic Energy Agency ("IAEA") that Iran had satisfied its respective obligations under the JCPOA.
U.S. sanctions prohibiting certain conduct that is now permitted under the JCPOA have not actually been repealed or permanently terminated at this time.  Rather, the U.S. government has implemented changes to the sanctions regime by: (1) issuing waivers of certain statutory sanctions provisions; (2) committing to refrain from exercising certain discretionary sanctions authorities; (3) removing certain individuals and entities from OFAC's sanctions lists; and (4) revoking certain Executive Orders and specified sections of Executive Orders.  These sanctions will not be permanently "lifted" until the earlier of "Transition Day," set to occur on October 20, 2023, or upon a report from the IAEA stating that all nuclear material in Iran is being used for peaceful activities. On October 13, 2017, the U.S. President announced he would not certify Iran's compliance with the JCPOA.  This did not withdraw the U.S. from the JCPOA or reinstate any sanctions.  However, the President must periodically review sanctions waivers and his refusal to do so could result in the reinstatement of certain sanctions suspended under the JCPOA.
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Although we believe that we have been in compliance with all applicable sanctions and embargo laws and regulations, and intend to maintain such compliance, there can be no assurance that we will be in compliance in the future, particularly as the scope of certain laws may be unclear and may be subject to changing interpretations. Any such violation could result in fines, penalties or other sanctions that could severely impact our ability to access U.S. capital markets and conduct our business, and could result in some investors deciding, or being required, to divest their interest, or not to invest, in us. In addition, certain institutional investors may have investment policies or restrictions that prevent them from holding securities of companies that have contracts with countries identified by the U.S. government as state sponsors of terrorism. The determination by these investors not to invest in, or to divest from, our common units may adversely affect the price at which our common units trade. Moreover, our charterers may violate applicable sanctions and embargo laws and regulations as a result of actions that do not involve us or our vessels, and those violations could in turn negatively affect our reputation. In addition, our reputation and the market for our securities may be adversely affected if we engage in certain other activities, such as entering into charters with individuals or entities in countries subject to U.S. sanctions and embargo laws that are not controlled by the governments of those countries, or engaging in operations associated with those countries pursuant to contracts with third-parties that are unrelated to those countries or entities controlled by their governments. Investor perception of the value of our common units may be adversely affected by the consequences of war, the effects of terrorism, civil unrest and governmental actions in these and surrounding countries. In addition, charterers and other parties that we have previously entered into contracts with regarding our vessels may be affiliated with persons or entities that are now or may soon be the subject of sanctions imposed by the U.S.  and/or the EU or other international bodies in 2014 in response to recent events relating to Russia, Crimea and the Ukraine.  If we determine that such sanctions require us to terminate existing contracts or if we are found to be in violation of such sanctions, we may suffer reputational harm and our results of operations may be adversely affected.
Governments could requisition our vessels during a period of war or emergency, resulting in loss of earnings.
The government of a jurisdiction where one or more of our vessels are registered could requisition for title or seize our vessels. Requisition for title occurs when a government takes control of a vessel and becomes its owner. Also, a government could requisition our vessels for hire. Requisition for hire occurs when a government takes control of a vessel and effectively becomes the charterer at dictated charter rates. Generally, requisitions occur during a period of war or emergency, although governments may elect to requisition ships in other circumstances. Although we would expect to be entitled to government compensation in the event of a requisition of one or more of our vessels, the amount and timing of payments, if any, would be uncertain. A government requisition of one or more of our vessels would result in off-hire days under our time charters and may cause us to breach covenants in debt agreements, and could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows, including cash available for distribution to our unitholders.
Maritime claimants could arrest our vessels, which could interrupt our cash flows.
Crew members, suppliers of goods and services to a vessel, shippers of cargo and other parties may be entitled to a maritime lien against a vessel for unsatisfied debts, claims or damages. In many jurisdictions, a claimant may seek to obtain security for its claim by arresting a vessel through foreclosure proceedings. The arrest or attachment of one or more of our vessels could interrupt our cash flow and require us to pay large sums of money to have the arrest or attachment lifted. In addition, in some jurisdictions, such as South Africa, under the "sister ship" theory of liability, a claimant may arrest both the vessel which is subject to the claimant's maritime lien and any "associated" vessel, which is any vessel owned or controlled by the same owner. Claimants could attempt to assert "sister ship" liability against a vessel in our Fleet for claims relating to another of our vessels.
We may be subject to litigation that could have an adverse effect on us.
We may in the future be involved from time to time in litigation matters. These matters may include, among other things, contract disputes, personal injury claims, environmental claims or proceedings, toxic tort claims, employment matters and governmental claims for taxes or duties as well as other litigation that arises in the ordinary course of our business. We cannot predict with certainty the outcome of any claim or other litigation matter. The ultimate outcome of any litigation matter and the potential costs associated with prosecuting or defending such lawsuits, including the diversion of management's attention to these matters, could have an adverse effect on us and, in the event of litigation that could reasonably be expected to have a material adverse effect on us, could lead to an event of default under our credit facilities.
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Risks Relating to our Common Units
The price of our common units may be volatile.
The price of our common units may be volatile and may fluctuate due to factors including:
 
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our payment of cash distributions to our unitholders;
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actual or anticipated fluctuations in quarterly and annual results;
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fluctuations in the seaborne transportation industry, including fluctuations in the LNG carrier market;
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mergers and strategic alliances in the shipping industry;
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changes in governmental regulations or maritime self-regulatory organization standards;
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shortfalls in our operating results from levels forecasted by securities analysts; announcements concerning us or our competitors;
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the failure of securities analysts to publish research about us, or analysts making changes in their financial estimates;
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general economic conditions;
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terrorist acts;
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future sales of our units or other securities;
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investors' perception of us and the LNG shipping industry;
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the general state of the securities market; and
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other developments affecting us, our industry or our competitors.
Securities markets worldwide are experiencing significant price and volume fluctuations. The market price for our common units may also be volatile. This market volatility, as well as general economic, market or political conditions, could reduce the market price of our common units in spite of our operating performance.
Increases in interest rates may cause the market price of our common units to decline.
An increase in interest rates may cause a corresponding decline in demand for equity investments in general. Any such increase in interest rates or reduction in demand for our common units resulting from other relatively more attractive investment opportunities may cause the trading price of our common units to decline.
Unitholders may have liability to repay distributions.
Under some circumstances, unitholders may have to repay amounts wrongfully returned or distributed to them. Under the Partnership Act, we may not make a distribution to our unitholders if the distribution would cause our liabilities to exceed the fair value of our assets. Marshall Islands law provides that for a period of three years from the date of the impermissible distribution, limited partners who received the distribution and who knew at the time of the distribution that it violated Marshall Islands law will be liable to the limited partnership for the distribution amount. Assignees who become substituted limited partners are liable for the obligations of the assignor to make contributions to the Partnership that are known to the assignee at the time it became a limited partner and for unknown obligations if the liabilities could be determined from the Partnership Agreement. Liabilities to partners on account of their partnership interest and liabilities that are non-recourse to the partnership are not counted for purposes of determining whether a distribution is permitted.
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We may issue additional equity securities, including securities senior to the common units, without the approval of our common unitholders, which would dilute the ownership interests of the common unitholders.
We may, without the approval of our common unitholders, issue an unlimited number of additional units or other equity securities. In addition, we may issue an unlimited number of units that are senior to the common units in right of distribution, liquidation and voting. These sales could also impair our ability to raise additional capital through the sale of our equity securities in the future. The issuance by us of additional common units or other equity securities of equal or senior rank may have the following effects:

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our existing unitholders' proportionate ownership interest in us will decrease;
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the amount of cash available for distribution per unit may decrease;
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the relative voting strength of each previously outstanding unit may be diminished; and
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the market price of our common units may decline.
We have been organized as a limited partnership under the laws of the Marshall Islands, which does not have a well-developed body of partnership law.
We are organized in the Republic of the Marshall Islands, which does not have a well-developed body of case law or bankruptcy law and, as a result, unitholders may have fewer rights and protections under Marshall Islands law than under a typical jurisdiction in the United States. Our partnership affairs are governed by our Partnership Agreement and by the Partnership Act. The provisions of the Partnership Act resemble the limited partnership laws of a number of states in the United States, most notably Delaware. The Partnership Act also provides that it is to be applied and construed to make it uniform with the Delaware Revised Uniform Partnership Act and, so long as it does not conflict with the Partnership Act or decisions of the Marshall Islands courts, interpreted according to the non-statutory law (or case law) of the State of Delaware. There have been, however, few, if any, court cases in the Marshall Islands interpreting the Partnership Act, in contrast to Delaware, which has a fairly well-developed body of case law interpreting its limited partnership statute. Accordingly, we cannot predict whether Marshall Islands courts would reach the same conclusions as the courts in Delaware. For example, the rights of our unitholders and the fiduciary responsibilities of our General Partner under Marshall Islands law are not as clearly established as under judicial precedent in existence in Delaware. As a result, unitholders may have more difficulty in protecting their interests in the face of actions by our General Partner and its officers and directors than would unitholders of a similarly organized limited partnership in the United States. Further, the Republic of the Marshall Islands does not have a well-developed body of bankruptcy law. As such, in the case of a bankruptcy of our Partnership, there may be a delay of bankruptcy proceedings and the ability of unitholders and creditors to receive recovery after a bankruptcy proceeding.
We are a "foreign private issuer" under New York Stock Exchange, or the NYSE, rules, and as such we are entitled to exemption from certain corporate governance standards of the NYSE applicable to domestic companies, and holders of our common units may not have the same protections afforded to unitholders of companies that are subject to all of the NYSE corporate governance requirements.
We are a "foreign private issuer" under the securities laws of the United States and the rules of the NYSE. Under the securities laws of the United States, "foreign private issuers" are subject to different disclosure requirements than U.S. domiciled registrants, as well as different financial reporting requirements. Under the NYSE rules, a "foreign private issuer" is subject to less stringent corporate governance requirements. Subject to certain exceptions, the rules of the NYSE permit a "foreign private issuer" to follow its home country practice in lieu of the listing requirements of the NYSE.
A majority of our directors qualify as independent under the NYSE director independence requirements. However, we cannot assure you that we will continue to maintain an independent board in the future. In addition, we may have one or more non-independent directors serving as committee members on our compensation committee. As a result, non-independent directors may among other things, participate in fixing the compensation of our management, making share and option awards and resolving governance issues regarding our Partnership.
Accordingly, in the future holders of our common units may not have the same protections afforded to shareholders of companies that are subject to all of the NYSE corporate governance requirements.
For a description of our corporate governance practices, please see "Item 6. Directors, Senior Management and Employees."
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Because we are organized under the laws of the Marshall Islands, it may be difficult to serve us with legal process or enforce judgments against us, our directors or our management.
We are organized under the laws of the Marshall Islands, and substantially all of our assets are located outside of the United States. In addition, our directors and officers generally are or will be non-residents of the United States, and all or a substantial portion of the assets of these non-residents are located outside the United States. As a result, it may be difficult or impossible for holders of our common units to bring an action against us or against these individuals in the United States if they believe that their rights have been infringed under securities laws or otherwise. Even if holders of our common units are successful in bringing an action of this kind, the laws of the Marshall Islands and of other jurisdictions may prevent or restrict them from enforcing a judgment against our assets or the assets of our directors or officers.
Our Partnership Agreement designates the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware as the sole and exclusive forum, unless otherwise provided for by Marshall Islands law, for certain litigation that may be initiated by our unitholders, which could limit our unitholders' ability to obtain a favorable judicial forum for disputes with the Partnership.
Our Partnership Agreement provides that, unless otherwise provided for by Marshall Islands law, the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware will be the sole and exclusive forum for any claims that:
·
arise out of or relate in any way to the Partnership Agreement (including any claims, suits or actions to interpret, apply or enforce the provisions of the Partnership Agreement or the duties, obligations or liabilities among limited partners or of limited partners to us, or the rights or powers of, or restrictions on, the limited partners or us);
·
are brought in a derivative manner on our behalf;
·
assert a claim of breach of a fiduciary duty owed by any director, officer or other employee of us or our General Partner, or owed by our General Partner, to us or the limited partners;
·
assert a claim arising pursuant to any provision of the Partnership Act; or
·
assert a claim governed by the internal affairs doctrine.
regardless of whether such claims, suits, actions or proceedings sound in contract, tort, fraud or otherwise, are based on common law, statutory, equitable, legal or other grounds, or are derivative or direct claims. Any person or entity purchasing or otherwise acquiring any interest in our common units shall be deemed to have notice of and to have consented to the provisions described above. This forum selection provision may limit our unitholders' ability to obtain a judicial forum that they find favorable for disputes with us or our directors, officers or other employees or unitholders.
Provisions in our organizational documents may have anti-takeover effects.
Our Partnership Agreement contains provisions that could make it more difficult for a third-party to acquire us without the consent of our Board of Directors. These provisions require approval of our Board of Directors and prior consent of our General Partner.
These provisions could also make it difficult for our unitholders to replace or remove our current Board of Directors or could have the effect of discouraging, delaying or preventing an offer by a third-party to acquire us, even if the third-party's offer may be considered beneficial by many unitholders. As a result, unitholders may be limited in their ability to obtain a premium for their common units.
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Risks Relating to our Indebtedness
Our debt levels could limit our liquidity and flexibility in obtaining additional financing and in pursuing other business opportunities.
As of December 31, 2017, we had total outstanding long-term debt of $727.6 million, consisting of amounts outstanding under our $480.0 million senior secured term loan which we entered into in May 2017, or the Term Loan B, and our 2019 Notes. In addition, we have the ability to borrow an additional $30 million under our interest free $30 million revolving credit facility with our Sponsor, or the $30 Million Revolving Credit Facility. We expect that a large portion of our cash flow from operations will be used to repay the principal and interest on our outstanding indebtedness.
Our current indebtedness and future indebtedness that we may incur could affect our future operations, as a portion of our cash flow from operations will be dedicated to the payment of interest and principal on such debt and will not be available for other purposes.  Covenants contained in our debt agreements may affect our flexibility in planning for, and reacting to, changes in our business or economic conditions, limit our ability to dispose of assets or place restrictions on the use of proceeds from such dispositions, withstand current or future economic or industry downturns and compete with others in our industry for strategic opportunities, and limit our ability to obtain additional financing for working capital, capital expenditures, acquisitions, general corporate and other purposes and our ability to make distributions to our unitholders. In addition, any downgrade of our credit ratings could, among other things, adversely affect the availability of other new financing on favorable terms, if at all, and could increase our cost of borrowing which could materially affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.
Our ability to service our debt will depend upon, among other things, our future financial and operating performance, which will be affected by prevailing economic conditions and financial, business, regulatory and other factors, some of which are beyond our control. If our operating results are not sufficient to service our current or future indebtedness, we will be forced to take actions such as reducing or eliminating distributions to our unitholders, reducing or delaying our business activities, acquisitions, investments or capital expenditures, selling assets, restructuring or refinancing our debt, or seeking additional equity capital or bankruptcy protection. We may not be able to effect any of these remedies on satisfactory terms, or at all.
We may be unable to comply with covenants in our debt agreements or any future financial obligations that impose operating and financial restrictions on us.
Certain of our existing and future debt agreements, which may be secured by mortgages on our vessels, impose and will impose certain operating and financial restrictions on us, mainly to ensure that the outstanding amount of the debt agreement does not exceed a certain percentage of the aggregate fair market value of the mortgaged vessel(s) under the applicable credit facility. For example, our Term Loan B, which is secured by, among other, first priority mortgages on the six vessels in our Fleet, requires maintenance of a loan to value ratio that does not exceed a specified percentage. Should our charter rates or vessel values materially decline in the future, we may seek to obtain waivers or amendments from our lenders with respect to such financial ratios and covenants, or we may be required to take action to reduce our debt or to act in a manner contrary to our business objectives to meet any such financial ratios and satisfy any such financial covenants. Events beyond our control, including changes in the economic and business conditions in the shipping markets in which we operate, may affect our ability to comply with these covenants. We cannot assure you that we will meet these ratios or satisfy these covenants or that our lenders will waive any failure to do so or amend these requirements.
In addition, certain of our debt agreements require us to satisfy certain other financial covenants, including maintenance of minimum free cash levels, minimum debt service coverage ratio, minimum net worth and a maximum leverage ratio.
The operating restrictions contained in our existing and future debt agreements may prohibit or otherwise limit our ability to, among other things:
·
obtain additional financing, if necessary, for working capital, capital expenditures, acquisitions or other purposes on favorable terms, or at all;
·
make distributions to unitholders when an event of default exists, as applicable;
·
incur additional indebtedness, create liens or issue guarantees;
·
charter our vessels or change the terms of our existing charter agreements;
·
sell, transfer or lease our assets or vessels or the shares of our vessel-owning subsidiaries;
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·
make investments and capital expenditures;
·
reduce our partners' capital; and
·
undergo a change in ownership or Manager.
A breach of any of the covenants in, or our inability to maintain the required financial ratios under, our current or future debt agreements would prevent us from borrowing additional money under such debt agreements and could result in a default thereunder. Therefore, we may need to seek permission from our lenders in order to engage in some actions. Our lenders' interests may be different from ours and we may not be able to obtain our lenders' permission when needed. This may limit our ability to pay distributions, including the minimum quarterly distributions on our common units and quarterly distributions on our Series A Preferred Units, finance our future operations or capital requirements, make acquisitions or pursue business opportunities.
Events of default under the Term Loan B include, among other things, the following:
·
failure to pay any principal, interest, fees, expenses or other amounts when due;
·
failure to observe any other agreement, security instrument, obligation or covenant beyond specified cure periods in certain cases;
·
default under other indebtedness;
·
an event of insolvency or bankruptcy;
·
failure of any representation or warranty to be materially correct; and
·
a change of control whereby the Partnership or its affiliates no longer hold, indirectly or directly, 100% of the interests in Arctic LNG Carriers.
A violation of any of the provisions contained in our existing or future debt agreements may constitute an event of default under such debt agreement, which, unless cured or waived or modified by our lenders, provides our lenders with the right to, among other things, declare the outstanding debt, together with accrued interest and other fees, to be immediately due and payable, or to require us to post additional collateral, enhance our equity and liquidity, increase our interest payments, pay down our indebtedness to a level where we are in compliance with our loan covenants, sell vessels in our Fleet, reclassify our indebtedness as current liabilities and accelerate our indebtedness and foreclose their liens on our vessels and the other assets securing the credit facilities, which would impair our ability to continue to conduct our business.
See "Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects—B. Liquidity and Capital Resources."
Our subsidiaries conduct the substantial majority of our operations and own our operating assets, and the right to receive payments on our 2019 Notes is structurally subordinated to the rights of the lenders of our subsidiaries.
Our subsidiaries conduct the substantial majority of our operations and own our operating assets. As a result, our ability to make required payments on our 2019 Notes depends in part on the operations of our subsidiaries and our subsidiaries' ability to make distributions to us. To the extent our subsidiaries are unable to distribute, or are restricted from distributing, funds to us, we may be unable to fulfill our obligations under our 2019 Notes. Our subsidiaries are separate and distinct legal entities and have no obligation, contingent or otherwise, to pay amounts due on our 2019 Notes or to make funds available for that purpose. Our 2019 Notes are not be guaranteed by any of our subsidiaries or any other person.
The rights of holders of our 2019 Notes are structurally subordinated to the rights of our subsidiaries' lenders. A default by a subsidiary under its debt obligations would result in a block on distributions from the affected subsidiary to us. Our 2019 Notes are effectively junior to all existing and future liabilities of our subsidiaries. In the event of a bankruptcy, liquidation or reorganization of any of our subsidiaries, creditors of our subsidiaries will generally be entitled to payment of their claims from the assets of those subsidiaries before any assets are made available for distribution to us.

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Our 2019 Notes are unsecured obligations and are subordinated to our secured debt.
Our 2019 Notes are unsecured and therefore are effectively subordinated to any secured debt we maintain or may incur to the extent of the value of the assets securing the debt. In the event of a bankruptcy or similar proceeding involving us, the assets that serve as collateral will be available to satisfy the obligations under any secured debt before any payments are made on our 2019 Notes. As of December 31, 2017, we had $477.6 million of outstanding secured indebtedness. We will continue to have the ability to incur additional secured debt, subject to limitations in our credit facilities and the indenture governing our 2019 Notes. In addition, our 2019 Notes mature on October 30, 2019. If we are unable to refinance the 2019 Notes prior to maturity, we may not have sufficient funds to repay the 2019 Notes at maturity and if we cannot demonstrate our ability to refinance the 2019 Notes prior to their intended maturity our ability to continue as a going concern could be put into doubt.

Your investment in our 2019 Notes is subject to our credit risk.

Our Notes are unsecured general obligations of ours and are not, either directly or indirectly, an obligation of any third party. Any payment to be made on our 2019 Notes, including the return of the principal amount at maturity or any redemption date, as applicable, depends on our ability to satisfy our other debt obligations as they come due. As a result, our actual and perceived creditworthiness may affect the market value of our 2019 Notes and, in the event we were to default on our obligations, you may not receive the amounts owed to you under the terms of our Notes.

We may not have the ability to raise the funds necessary to purchase our 2019 Notes as required upon a change of control, and our existing and future debt may contain limitations on our ability to purchase our 2019 Notes.
Following the occurrence of a change of control event, as such is defined in the 2019 Notes indenture and supplement thereto, holders of our 2019 Notes have the right, at their option, to require us to purchase their Notes for cash. A change of control may also constitute an event of default or prepayment under, and result in the acceleration of the maturity of, our then existing indebtedness. We cannot assure you that we will have sufficient financial resources, or will be able to arrange financing, to pay the change of control purchase price in cash with respect to any 2019 Notes surrendered by holders for purchase upon a change of control. In addition, restrictions in our then existing credit facilities or other indebtedness, if any, may not allow us to purchase the 2019 Notes upon a change of control. Our failure to purchase the 2019 Notes upon a change of control when required would result in an event of default with respect to the 2019 Notes which could, in turn, constitute a default under the terms of our other indebtedness. If the repayment of the related indebtedness were to be accelerated after any applicable notice or grace periods, we may not have sufficient funds to repay the indebtedness and purchase the 2019 Notes and this could materially affect our financial condition.

Some significant restructuring transactions may not constitute a change of control, in which case we would not be obligated to offer to purchase our 2019 Notes.


Following the occurrence of a change of control event, as such is defined in the 2019 Notes indenture and supplement thereto, holders of our 2019 Notes will have the right, at their option, to require us to purchase their Notes for cash. However, the change of control provisions will not afford protection to holders of our 2019 Notes in the event of certain transactions that could adversely affect the 2019 Notes. For example, certain recapitalizations, refinancings or restructurings would not constitute a change of control requiring us to repurchase the 2019 Notes. In the event of any such transaction, holders of the 2019 Notes would not have the right to require us to purchase their Notes, even though each of these transactions could increase the amount of our indebtedness, or otherwise adversely affect our capital structure or any credit ratings, thereby adversely affecting holders of the 2019 Notes.

Risks Relating to our Series A Preferred Units

Our Series A Preferred Units are subordinate to our indebtedness, and the interests of holders of Series A Preferred units could be diluted by the issuance of additional preferred units, including additional Series A Preferred Units, and by other transactions.
Our Series A Preferred Units are subordinated to all of our existing and future indebtedness. The payment of principal and interest on our debt reduces cash available for distribution s and therefore, our ability to pay distributions on, redeem at our option or pay the liquidation preference on our Series A Preferred Units in liquidation or otherwise may be subject to prior payments due to the holders of our indebtedness.
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The issuance of additional limited partner interests on a parity with or senior to our Series A Preferred Units would dilute the interests of the holders of our Series A Preferred Units, and any issuance of senior securities or parity securities or additional indebtedness could affect our ability to pay distributions on, redeem or pay the liquidation preference on our Series A Preferred Units. No provisions relating to our Series A Preferred Units protect the holders of our Series A Preferred Units in the event of a highly leveraged or other transaction, including a merger or the sale, lease or conveyance of all or substantially all of our assets or business, which might adversely affect the holders of our Series A Preferred Units.
In the event of any liquidation event, the amount of your liquidation preference is fixed and you will have no right to receive any greater payment regardless of the circumstances.
In the event of any liquidation, dissolution or winding up of our affairs, whether voluntary or involuntary, the payment due upon a liquidation event is fixed at a redemption price of $25.00 per unit plus an amount equal to all accumulated and unpaid distributions up to, and including, the date of liquidation. If, in the case of a liquidation event, there are remaining assets to be distributed after payment of this amount, you will have no right to receive or to participate in these amounts. Furthermore, if the market price of your Series A Preferred Units is greater than the liquidation preference, you will have no right to receive the market price from us upon our liquidation.

As a holder of Series A Preferred Units you have extremely limited voting rights.
Your voting rights as a holder of Series A Preferred Units are extremely limited. Our common units are the only class of limited partner interests carrying full voting rights. Holders of the Series A Preferred Units generally have no voting rights. However, in the event that six quarterly distributions, whether consecutive or not, payable on Series A Preferred Units or any other parity securities (if applicable), are in arrears, the holders of Series A Preferred Units will have the right, voting together as a class with all other classes or series of parity securities (if applicable) upon which like voting rights have been conferred and are exercisable, to elect one additional director to serve on our Board of Directors, and the size of our Board of Directors will be increased as needed to accommodate such change (unless the holders of Series A Preferred Units and parity securities (if applicable) upon which like voting rights have been conferred, voting as a class, have previously elected a member of our Board of Directors, and such director continues then to serve on the Board of Directors). The right of such holders of Series A Preferred Units to elect a member of our Board of Directors will continue until such time as all accumulated and unpaid distributions on the Series A Preferred Units have been paid in full.
Market interest rates may adversely affect the value of our Series A Preferred Units.
One of the factors that will influence the price of our Series A Preferred Units will be the distribution yield on the Series A Preferred Units (as a percentage of the price of our Series A Preferred Units) relative to market interest rates. An increase in market interest rates may lead prospective purchasers of our Series A Preferred Units to expect a distribution yield higher than what is paid on our Series A Preferred Units, and higher interest rates would likely increase our borrowing costs which could potentially decrease funds available for distributions to our unitholders. Accordingly, higher market interest rates could cause the market price of our Series A Preferred Units to decrease.
The Series A Preferred Units are redeemable at our option.
        We may redeem, at our option, all or, from time to time, part of the Series A Preferred Units on or after August 12, 2020. If we redeem your Series A Preferred Units, you will be entitled to receive a redemption price equal to $25.00 per unit plus an amount equal to all accumulated and unpaid distributions thereon to the date of redemption. It is likely that we would choose to exercise our optional redemption right only when prevailing interest rates have declined, which would adversely affect your ability to reinvest your proceeds from the redemption in a comparable investment with an equal or greater yield to the yield on the applicable series of the preferred units had such series of preferred units not been redeemed. We may elect to exercise our partial redemption right on multiple occasions.
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Risks Relating to Conflicts of Interest
Our Sponsor, our General Partner and their respective affiliates own a significant interest in us and have conflicts of interest and limited duties to us and our common unitholders, which may permit them to favor their own interests to your detriment.
Members of the Prokopiou Family control our Sponsor, our Manager and our General Partner. Our Sponsor currently owns 15,595,000 of our common units, representing approximately 43.9% of the outstanding common units and our General Partner owns a 0.1% General Partner interest in us and 100% of our incentive distribution rights and therefore may have considerable influence over our actions. The interests of our Sponsor and the members of the Prokopiou Family may be different from your interests and the relationships described above could create conflicts of interest. We cannot assure you that any conflicts of interest will be resolved in your favor.
Conflicts of interest may arise between our Sponsor and its affiliates on one hand, and us and our unitholders, on the other hand. As a result of these conflicts, our Sponsor and its affiliates may favor their own interests over the interests of our unitholders. Although a majority of our directors are elected by our common unitholders, our General Partner, through its appointed directors, has certain influence on decisions made by our Board of Directors. Our Board of Directors has a Conflicts Committee comprised of independent directors. Our Board of Directors may, but is not obligated to, seek approval of the Conflicts Committee for resolutions of conflicts of interest that may arise as a result of the relationships between our Sponsor and its affiliates, on the one hand, and us and our unaffiliated limited partners, on the other hand. There can be no assurance that a conflict of interest will be resolved in favor of us.
These conflicts include, among others, the following situations:
·
neither our Partnership Agreement nor any other agreement requires our Sponsor or our General Partner or their respective affiliates to pursue a business strategy that favors us or utilizes our assets, and their officers and directors have a fiduciary duty to make decisions in the best interests of their respective unitholders, which may be contrary to our interests;
·
our Partnership Agreement provides that our General Partner may make determinations or take or decline to take actions without regard to our or our unitholders' interests. Specifically, our General Partner may exercise its call right, pre-emptive rights, registration rights or right to make a determination to receive common units in exchange for resetting the target distribution levels related to the incentive distribution rights, consent or withhold consent to any merger or consolidation of the Partnership, appoint certain directors or vote for the election of any director, vote or refrain from voting on amendments to our Partnership Agreement that require a vote of the outstanding units, voluntarily withdraw from the Partnership, transfer (to the extent permitted under our Partnership Agreement) or refrain from transferring its units, the General Partner interest or incentive distribution rights or vote upon the dissolution of the Partnership;
·
our General Partner and our directors and officers have limited their liabilities and any fiduciary duties they may have under the laws of the Marshall Islands, while also restricting the remedies available to our unitholders, and, as a result of purchasing common units, unitholders are treated as having agreed to the modified standard of fiduciary duties and to certain actions that may be taken by the General Partner and our directors and officers, all as set forth in the Partnership Agreement;
·
our General Partner and our Manager are entitled to reimbursement of all reasonable costs incurred by them and their respective affiliates for our benefit; our Partnership Agreement does not restrict us from paying our General Partner and our Manager or their respective affiliates for any services rendered to us on terms that are fair and reasonable or entering into additional contractual arrangements with any of these entities on our behalf;
·
our General Partner may exercise its right to call and purchase our common units if it and its affiliates own more than 80% of our common units; and is not obligated to obtain a fairness opinion regarding the value of the common units to be repurchased by it upon the exercise of its limited call right.
·
Although a majority of our directors are elected by common unitholders, our General Partner will likely have substantial influence on decisions made by our Board of Directors.
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Neither our Partnership Agreement nor any other agreement requires our Sponsor to pursue a business strategy that favors us or utilizes our assets or dictates what markets to pursue or grow. Our Sponsor's directors and executive officers have a fiduciary duty to make these decisions in the best interests of the shareholders of our Sponsor, which may be contrary to our interests.
Because certain of our officers and directors are also officers of our Sponsor and its affiliates, such directors have fiduciary duties to our Sponsor and its affiliates that may cause them to pursue business strategies that disproportionately benefit our Sponsor, or which otherwise are not in the best interests of us or our unitholders.
Our General Partner is allowed to take into account the interests of parties other than us, such as our Sponsor.
Our Partnership Agreement contains provisions that reduce the standards to which our General Partner would otherwise be held by Marshall Islands fiduciary duty law. For example, our Partnership Agreement permits our General Partner to make a number of decisions in its individual capacity, as opposed to in its capacity as our General Partner. This entitles our General Partner to consider only the interests and factors that it desires, and it has no duty or obligations to give any consideration to any interest of or factors affecting us, our affiliates or any unitholder. Decisions made by our General Partner in its individual capacity will be made by its sole owner, Dynagas Holding Ltd. Specifically, our General Partner will be considered to be acting in its individual capacity if it exercises its call right, pre-emptive rights, registration rights or right to make a determination to receive common units in a resetting of the target distribution levels related to its incentive distribution rights, consents or withholds consent to any merger or consolidation of the Partnership, appoints any directors or votes for the election of any director, votes or refrains from voting on amendments to our Partnership Agreement that require a vote of the outstanding units, voluntarily withdraws from the Partnership, transfers (to the extent permitted under our Partnership Agreement) or refrains from transferring its units, General Partner interest or incentive distribution rights it owns or votes upon the dissolution of the Partnership.
Substantial future sales of our common units in the public market could cause the price of our common units to fall.
We have granted registration rights to our Sponsor and certain its affiliates pursuant to our Partnership Agreement. These unitholders have the right, subject to some conditions, to require us to file registration statements covering any of our common or other equity securities owned by them or to include those securities in registration statements that we have or may file for ourselves or other unitholders. As of the date of this Annual Report, our Sponsor owns 15,595,000 common units. Following their registration and sale under the applicable registration statement, those securities will become freely tradable. Any sale by our Sponsor of a number of our common units or other securities could cause the price of our common units to decline.

Our general partner, as the holder of all of the IDRs, may elect to cause us to issue additional common units to it in connection with a resetting of the target distribution levels related to our general partner's IDRs without the approval of the conflicts committee of our board of directors or holders of our common units. This may result in lower distributions to holders of our common units in certain situations.

Our general partner, as the holder of all of the incentive distribution rights, has the right, at a time when our general partner has received incentive distributions at the highest level to which it is entitled (49.9%) for each of the prior four consecutive fiscal quarters, to reset the initial cash target distribution levels at higher levels based on the distribution at the time of the exercise of the reset election. Following a reset election by our general partner, the minimum quarterly distribution amount will be reset to an amount equal to the average cash distribution amount per common unit for the two fiscal quarters immediately prior to the reset election (such amount is referred to as the "reset minimum quarterly distribution"), and the target distribution levels will be reset to correspondingly higher levels based on certain percentage increases above the reset minimum quarterly distribution amount.

In connection with resetting these target distribution levels, our general partner will be entitled to receive a number of common units equal to that number of common units whose aggregate quarterly cash distributions equaled the average of the distributions to our general partner on the IDRs in the prior two quarters. We anticipate that our general partner would exercise this reset right in order to facilitate acquisitions or internal growth projects that would not be sufficiently accretive to cash distributions per common unit without such conversion; however, it is possible that our general partner could exercise this reset election at a time when it is experiencing, or may be expected to experience, declines in the cash distributions it receives related to its IDRs and may therefore desire to be issued our common units, rather than retain the right to receive incentive distributions based on the initial target distribution levels. As a result, a reset election may cause our common unitholders to experience dilution in the amount of cash distributions that they would have otherwise received had we not issued additional common units to our general partner in connection with resetting the target distribution levels related to our general partner's IDRs.
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Common unitholders have no right to enforce obligations of our General Partner and its affiliates under agreements with us.
Any agreements between us, on the one hand, and our General Partner and its affiliates, on the other, will not grant to the unitholders, separate and apart from us, the right to enforce the obligations of our General Partner and its affiliates in our favor.
Contracts between us, on the one hand, and our General Partner and its affiliates, on the other, will not be the result of arm's-length negotiations.
Neither our Partnership Agreement nor any of the other agreements, contracts and arrangements between us and our General Partner and its affiliates are or will be the result of arm's-length negotiations. Our Partnership Agreement generally provides that any affiliated transaction, such as an agreement, contract or arrangement between us and our General Partner and its affiliates, must be:
·
on terms no less favorable to us than those generally being provided to or available from unrelated third-parties; or
·
"fair and reasonable" to us, taking into account the totality of the relationships between the parties involved (including other transactions that may be particularly favorable or advantageous to us).
Our Manager, which provides our executive officers and certain management and administrative services to us, may also enter into additional contractual arrangements with any of its affiliates on our behalf; however, there is no obligation of any affiliate of our Manager to enter into any contracts of this kind.
Common units are subject to our General Partner's limited call right.
Our General Partner may exercise its right to call and purchase common units as provided in the Partnership Agreement or assign this right to one of its affiliates or to us. Our General Partner may use its own discretion, free of fiduciary duty restrictions, in determining whether to exercise this right. Our General Partner is not obligated to obtain a fairness opinion regarding the value of the common units to be repurchased by it upon the exercise of this limited call right. As a result, a common unitholder may have common units purchased from the unitholder at an undesirable time or price.
We may choose not to retain separate counsel for ourselves or for the holders of common units.
The attorneys, independent accountants and others who perform services for us have been retained by our Board of Directors. Attorneys, independent accountants and others who perform services for us are selected by our Board of Directors or the Conflicts Committee and may perform services for our General Partner and its affiliates. We may retain separate counsel for ourselves or the holders of common units in the event of a conflict of interest between our General Partner and its affiliates, on the one hand, and us or the holders of common units, on the other, depending on the nature of the conflict. We do not intend to do so in most cases.
Tax Risks
In addition to the following risk factors, please see "Item 10. Additional Information—E. Taxation" for a more complete discussion of the material Marshall Islands and United States federal income tax consequences of owning and disposing of our common units.
We may be subject to taxes, which will reduce our cash available for distribution to our unitholders.
We and our subsidiaries may be subject to tax in the jurisdictions in which we are organized or operate, reducing the amount of cash available for distribution. In computing our tax obligation in these jurisdictions, we are required to take various tax accounting and reporting positions on matters that are not entirely free from doubt and for which we have not received rulings from the governing authorities. We cannot assure you that upon review of these positions the applicable authorities will agree with our positions. A successful challenge by a tax authority could result in additional tax imposed on us or our subsidiaries, further reducing the cash available for distribution. In addition, changes in our operations or ownership could result in additional tax being imposed on us or our subsidiaries in jurisdictions in which operations are conducted. Please see "Item 10. Additional Information—E. Taxation"
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We may have to pay tax on United States-source income, which would reduce our earnings and cash flow.
Under the U.S. Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, or the Code, the United States source gross transportation income of a ship-owning or chartering corporation, such as ourselves, generally is subject to a 4% United States federal income tax, unless such corporation qualifies for exemption from tax under a tax treaty or Section 883 of the Code and the Treasury Regulations promulgated thereunder. U.S. source gross transportation income consists of 50% of the gross shipping income that is attributable to transportation that begins or ends, but that does not both begin and end, in the United States.
Based on advice we received from Seward & Kissel LLP, our United States counsel, we believe we qualified for this statutory tax exemption for our taxable year ended December 31, 2017, and we intend to take this position for United States federal income tax reporting purposes. However, there are factual circumstances beyond our control that could cause us to lose the benefit of this tax exemption in future taxable years and thereby become subject to the 4% United States federal income tax described above.  It is noted that holders of our common units are limited to owning 4.9% of the voting power of such common units.  Assuming that such limitation is treated as effective for purposes of determining voting power under Section 883, then our 5% Unitholders could not own 50% of more of our common units.  If contrary to these expectations, our 5% Unitholders were to own 50% or more of the common units, we would not qualify for exemption under Section 883 unless we could establish that among the closely-held group of 5% Unitholders, there are sufficient 5% Unitholders that are qualified stockholders for purposes of Section 883 to preclude non-qualified 5% Unitholders in the closely-held group from owning 50% or more of our common units for more than half the number of days during the taxable year. In order to establish this, sufficient 5% Unitholders that are qualified stockholders would have to comply with certain documentation and certification requirements designed to substantiate their identity as qualified stockholders. These requirements are onerous and there can be no assurance that we would be able to satisfy them. The imposition of this taxation could have a negative effect on our business and would result in decreased earnings and cash available for distribution payments to our unitholders. For a more detailed discussion, see "Item 10. Additional Information—E. Taxation."
United States tax authorities could treat us as a "passive foreign investment company," which would have adverse United States federal income tax consequences to United States unitholders.
A non-U.S. entity treated as a corporation for United States federal income tax purposes will be treated as a "passive foreign investment company" (or PFIC) for U.S. federal income tax purposes if at least 75% of its gross income for any taxable year consists of "passive income" or at least 50% of the average value of its assets produce, or are held for the production of, "passive income." For purposes of these tests, "passive income" includes dividends, interest, gains from the sale or exchange of investment property, and rents and royalties other than rents and royalties that are received from unrelated parties in connection with the active conduct of a trade or business. For purposes of these tests, income derived from the performance of services does not constitute "passive income." U.S. shareholders of a PFIC are subject to a disadvantageous United States federal income tax regime with respect to the income derived by the PFIC, the distributions they receive from the PFIC, and the gain, if any, they derive from the sale or other disposition of their interests in the PFIC. Based on our current and projected method of operation, and on an opinion of our United States counsel, Seward & Kissel LLP, we believe that we were not a PFIC in the year ended December 31, 2017 and do not expect to be a PFIC for any future taxable year. We have received an opinion of our United States counsel in support of this position that concludes that the income our subsidiaries earned from certain of our time-chartering activities should not constitute passive income for purposes of determining whether we are a PFIC. In addition, we have represented to our United States counsel that we expect that more than 25% of our gross income for the year ended December 31, 2017 and each future year will arise from such time-chartering activities or other income which does not constitute passive income, and more than 50% of the average value of our assets for each such year will be held for the production of such non passive income. Assuming the composition of our income and assets is consistent with these expectations, and assuming the accuracy of other representations we have made to our United States counsel for purposes of their opinion, our United States counsel is of the opinion that we should not be a PFIC for the year ended December 31, 2017 year or any future year. This opinion is based and its accuracy is conditioned on representations, valuations and projections provided by us regarding our assets, income and charters to our United States counsel. While we believe these representations, valuations and projections to be accurate, the shipping market is volatile and no assurance can be given that they will continue to be accurate at any time in the future.
While Seward & Kissel LLP, our United States counsel, has provided us with an opinion in support of our position, the conclusions reached are not free from doubt, and it is possible that the United States Internal Revenue Service, or the IRS, or a court could disagree with this position. In addition, although we intend to conduct our affairs in a manner to avoid being classified as a PFIC with respect to each taxable year, we cannot assure you that the nature of our operations will not change in the future and that we will not become a PFIC in any taxable year. If the IRS were to find that we are or have been a PFIC for any taxable year (and regardless of whether we remain a PFIC for subsequent taxable years), our U.S. unitholders would face adverse United States federal income tax consequences.  See "Item 10. Additional Information—E. Taxation" for a more detailed discussion of the United States federal income tax consequences to United States unitholders if we are treated as a PFIC.
38



ITEM 4.
INFORMATION ON THE PARTNERSHIP
A.            HISTORY AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE PARTNERSHIP
Dynagas LNG Partners LP was organized as a limited partnership in the Republic of the Marshall Islands on May 29, 2013 for the purpose of owning, operating, and acquiring LNG carriers and other business activities incidental thereto.  In October 2013, we acquired from our Sponsor three LNG carriers, the Clean Energy , the Ob River and the Amur River (formerly named the Clean Force ), which we refer to as our Initial Fleet. In November 2013, we completed our underwritten IPO.
Pursuant to the Omnibus Agreement that we, and certain of our subsidiaries, have entered into with our Sponsor and our General Partner, we have the right (but not the obligation), subject to certain conditions, to acquire from our Sponsor certain identified LNG carriers or our Sponsor's ownership interest in each of the five entities that respectively own such LNG carriers, which we refer to throughout this Annual Report as the "Additional Optional Vessels," as applicable, and our Sponsor's ownership interest in the entities that own each of the four LNG carriers, the Clean Ocean , the Clean Planet , the Clean Horizon and the Clean Vision , which we refer to throughout this Annual Report as the "Initial Optional Vessels" and together with the Additional Optional Vessels, the "Optional Vessels." Please see "—Optional Vessels" for a description of these vessels.
As of the date of this Annual Report, we have outstanding 35,490,000 common units, 35,526 general partner units and 3,000,000 9.00% Series A Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Units, or the Series A Preferred Units. Our Sponsor currently beneficially owns approximately 44.0% of the equity interests in the Partnership (excluding the Series A Preferred Units) and 100% of our General Partner, which owns a 0.1% General Partner interest in the Partnership and 100% of our incentive distribution rights. Our Sponsor does not own any Series A Preferred Units.  In addition, we have outstanding $250.0 million aggregate principal amount 6.25% Senior Notes due 2019, or our 2019 Notes.  Our common units, our Series A Preferred Units and our 2019 Notes trade on the New York Stock Exchange, or NYSE, under the symbols "DLNG", "DLNG PR A", and "DLNG 19", respectively.
Securities Offerings (following the IPO)
In June 2014, we completed our underwritten public offering of 4,800,000 common units at $22.79 common per unit, and on June 18, 2014, the underwriters in the offering exercised their option to purchase an additional 720,000 common units at the same price.
In September 2014, we completed our underwritten public offering of $250.0 million aggregate principal amount 6.25% Senior Notes due 2019, or our 2019 Notes.  The 2019 Notes commenced trading on the NYSE on December 30, 2014 under the ticker symbol "DLNG 19."
In July 2015, we completed our underwritten public offering of 3,000,000 9.00% Series A Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Units at $25.00 per unit. Our Series A Preferred Units trade on the NYSE under the ticker symbol "DLNG PR A."
Vessel Acquisitions
In June 2014, we completed the acquisition of the Arctic Aurora , a 2013-built ice class liquefied natural gas carrier, and the related time charter contract, from our Sponsor, pursuant to our right to acquire this vessel under the Omnibus Agreement in effect at that time, for a purchase price of $235.0 million. We funded the purchase price of this vessel using the net proceeds we received in the June 2014 offering of common units together with the proceeds we received from our $340 million senior secured revolving credit facility, which certain of our subsidiaries entered into with an affiliate of Credit Suisse (USA) LLC in 2014 and which has since been repaid in full, or our $340 Million Credit Facility.
In September 2014, we completed the acquisition of the Yenisei River , a 2013-built ice class liquefied natural gas carrier, and the related time charter contract, from our Sponsor, pursuant to our right to acquire this vessel under the Omnibus Agreement in effect at that time, for a purchase price of $257.5 million. We funded the purchase price of this vessel using the net proceeds we received from our 2019 Notes offering, together with cash on hand.
In December 2015, we acquired the Lena River , a 2013-built ice class liquefied natural gas carrier, and the related time charter contract, from our Sponsor, pursuant to our right to acquire this vessel under the Omnibus Agreement in effect at that time, for a purchase price of $240.0 million. We funded the purchase price using the net proceeds we received from our offering of Series A Preferred Units, cash on hand and borrowings under our $200 million senior secured loan facility, which two of our vessel-owning subsidiaries entered into in December 2015 with ABN Amro NV and which has since been repaid in full, or our $200 Million Term Loan Facility.
39



Term Loan B

On May 18, 2017, we refinanced and repaid in full our $340 Million Credit Facility and our $200 Term Loan Facility with a new $480.0 million institutional senior secured term loan B due in 2023, or the Term Loan B. Arctic LNG Carriers Ltd. and Dynagas Finance LLC, our wholly-owned subsidiaries, serve as co-borrowers under the Term Loan B. The Term Loan B bears interest at LIBOR plus a margin and provides for 0.25% quarterly amortization on the principal and a bullet payment at maturity, in May 2023. The Term Loan B is secured by, among other things, the six LNG carriers in our Fleet.

In connection with the Term Loan B refinancing transaction, and pursuant to a contribution and conveyance agreement by and among us and certain of our wholly-owned subsidiaries, dated May 18, 2017, or the Contribution and Conveyance Agreement, (i) Dynagas Equity Holding Ltd., our wholly-owned subsidiary, which we refer to as Dynagas Equity, contributed its equity interests in (which represented 100% of the issued and outstanding share capital) of four of our vessel-owning subsidiaries to Arctic LNG Carriers Ltd., or Arctic LNG Carriers, and (ii) Quinta Group Corp. and Pelta Holdings S.A., our wholly-owned subsidiaries which then owned all of the outstanding share capital of two of our vessel owning subsidiaries, respectively, each contributed the entire share capital of its respective owned entity to Arctic LNG Carriers and were subsequently dissolved. As Dynagas Equity became the sole shareholder of Arctic LNG Carriers, the contributions did not result in a change of control of our business. Arctic LNG Carriers and Dynagas Finance LLC serve as borrowers under the Term Loan B.
For more information, please see "Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects—B. Liquidity and Capital Resources—Our Borrowing Activities."
Our principal executive offices are located at 23, Rue Basse, 98000 Monaco and our telephone number at that address is +377 9999 6445.
B.     BUSINESS OVERVIEW
We are a growth-oriented limited partnership focused on owning and operating LNG carriers.  Five of the six vessels in our Fleet are currently employed on multi-year time charters, which we define as charters of two years or more, with international energy companies, such as Gazprom and Statoil, providing us with the benefits of fixed-fee contracts, predictable cash flows and high utilization rates. We currently employ our one remaining LNG carrier on the short-term market on charter to PetroChina prior to its anticipated delivery to Gazprom in July 2018, when it will commence employment under a charter with term of approximately eight years. We believe our charterers place high confidence and reliance in our shipping services based on long expertise and the safe way in which we conduct our operations.
Since the end of the first fiscal year following our IPO, which occurred in November 2013, we have increased our quarterly distribution from $0.1746 per unit on a prorated basis for the period from the closing of our IPO through December 31, 2017, to $0.4225 per unit with respect to the quarter ended December 31, 2017. The timing and amount of future distributions to our unitholders is subject to change and may be decreased or increased in the future. Please see "Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects—B. Liquidity and Capital Resources—Distributions."
We intend to leverage the reputation, expertise and relationships with our charterers, our Sponsor and our Manager in growing our core business and pursuing further business and growth opportunities in transportation of energy or other energy-related projects including floating storage regassification units, floating power plants, LNG infrastructure projects, maintaining cost-efficient operations and providing reliable seaborne transportation services to our current and prospective charterers. In addition, as opportunities arise, we may acquire additional vessels from our Sponsor and from third-parties and/or engage in investment opportunities incidental to the LNG or energy industry. We believe that the options and rights provide to us under the Omnibus Agreement with our Sponsor provide us with significant built-in growth opportunities. In connection with such plans for growth, we may enter into additional financing arrangements, refinance existing arrangements or arrangements that our Sponsor, its affiliates, or such third party sellers may have in place for vessels that we may acquire, and, subject to favorable market conditions, we may raise capital in the public or private markets, including through debt or equity offerings of our securities. However, we cannot assure you that we will grow or maintain the size of our Fleet or that we will continue to pay the per unit distributions in the amounts that we have paid in the past or at all or that we will be able to execute our plans for growth. For further information on the risks associated with our business, please see "Item 3. Key Information—D. Risk Factors".
40



Our Fleet
As of March 8, 2018, we owned and operated a fleet of six LNG carriers, consisting of the three modern steam turbine LNG carriers in our Initial Fleet, the Clean Energy , the Ob River and the Amur River (formerly named the Clean Force), and three modern tri-fuel diesel electric (TFDE) propulsion technology Ice Class LNG carriers that we subsequently acquired from our Sponsor the Arctic Aurora , the Yenisei River , and the Lena River, which we collectively refer to as our "Fleet." As of  March 8, 2017, the vessels in our Fleet had an average age of 7.6 years and are contracted under multi-year charters with an average remaining charter term of approximately 10.3 years, including the charter agreements into which we have already entered but whose terms have not yet commenced. The charter agreements with Yamal for the  Yenisei River  and the  Lena River  are subject to important conditions, which, unless satisfied, may result in the cancellation of the charter agreement at the charterer's option, in which case we would not realize any revenues under such charter agreements .
Since the end of the first fiscal following our IPO, which occurred in November 2013 and as of the date of this Annual Report, we have increased the total capacity of the vessels in our Fleet by approximately 104% whereas, we have increased our Fleet's estimated contract backlog from approximately $282 million to $1.48 billion and estimated wide average remaining charter duration from 3.3 years to 10.3 years.
Our Fleet is managed by our Manager, Dynagas Ltd., a company controlled by Mr. Georgios Prokopiou. See "Item 7. Major Unitholders and Related Party Transactions—B. Related Party Transactions."
All of the vessels in our Fleet other than the Clean Energy have been assigned with Lloyds Register Ice Class notation 1A FS, or Ice Class, equivalent to ARC4 of the Russian Maritime Register of Shipping Rules , designation for hull and machinery and are fully winterized, which means that they are designed to call at ice-bound and harsh environment terminals and to withstand temperatures up to minus 30 degrees Celsius. According to Drewry, as of January 31, 2018, only sixteen LNG carriers, representing 3.5% of the LNG vessels in the global LNG fleet, have an Ice Class 1A and ice-class 1A super designation or equivalent rating. Moreover, in 2012, we were the first company in the world to operate LNG carriers on the Northern Sea Route, which is a shipping lane from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean entirely in Arctic waters, and continue to be one of only two LNG vessel operators to currently do so. In addition, we believe that each of the vessels in our Fleet is optimally sized with a carrying capacity of between approximately 150,000 and 155,000 cbm, which allows us to maximize operational flexibility as such medium-to-large size LNG vessels are compatible with most existing LNG terminals around the world. We believe that these specifications enhance our trading capabilities and future employment opportunities because they provide greater diversity in the trading routes available to our charterers.
We believe that the key characteristics of each of the vessels in our Fleet include the following:
·
optimal sizing with a carrying capacity of between approximately 150,000 and 155,000 cbm (which is a medium- to large-size class of LNG carrier) that maximizes operational flexibility as such vessel is compatible with most existing LNG terminals around the world;
·
the vessels in our Fleet consist of two series of sister vessels, which are vessels built at the same shipyard, Hyundai Heavy Industries Co. Ltd., that share (i) a near-identical hull and superstructure layout, (ii) similar displacement, and (iii) roughly comparable features and equipment;
·
utilization of a membrane containment system that uses insulation built directly into the hull of the vessel with a membrane covering inside the tanks designed to maintain integrity and that uses the vessel's hull to directly support the pressure of the LNG cargo, which we refer to as a "membrane containment system" (see "—The International Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) Shipping Industry—The LNG Fleet" for a description of the types of LNG containment systems); and
·
double-hull construction, based on the current LNG shipping industry standard.
According to Drewry, as of January 31, 2018, there were only 56 LNG carriers in the worldwide LNG trading fleet, including the six vessels in our Fleet, in the size range of 149,000-155,000 cbm, of which 48 have membrane cargo containment system. There were four LNG carriers in the same size segment in the order book, all of which are expected to have a moss spherical containment system, a well-established spherical containment system designed in Norway which has been in use for many years.
41




The following table sets forth additional information about our Fleet as of the date of this Annual Report:
 
Vessel Name
Year
Built
 
Cargo Capacity
(cbm)
 
Ice
Class
Propulsion
Charterer
 
Earliest Charter
Expiration
   
Latest Charter
Expiration
   
Latest Charter
Expiration including options to extend
 
Clean Energy
2007
   
149,700
 
No
Steam
PetroChina
 
May 2018
   
June 2018
     
n/a
 
                   
Gazprom
 
March 2026
   
April 2026 (1)
     
n/a
 
Ob River
2007
   
149,700
 
Yes
Steam
Gazprom
 
April 2018
   
May 2018
     
n/a
 
                   
Gazprom
 
March 2028
   
May 2028 (2)
     
n/a
 
Amur River
2008
   
149,700
 
Yes
Steam
Gazprom
 
June 2028
   
August 2028
     
n/a
 
Arctic Aurora
2013
   
155,000
 
Yes
TFDE *
Statoil
 
July 2021
   
September 2021 (3)
   
September 2023
(3)  
Yenisei River
2013
   
155,000
 
Yes
TFDE *
Gazprom
 
July 2018
   
August 2018
     
n/a
 
                   
Yamal
   
2033
     
2034
     
2049
(4)  
Lena River
2013
   
155,000
 
Yes
TFDE *
Gazprom
 
September 2018
   
October 2018
     
n/a
 
                   
Yamal
   
2034
     
2035
     
2049/2050
(4)  
*            As used in this Annual Report, "TFDE" refers to tri-fuel diesel electric propulsion system.
(1)
In October 2016, we entered into a time charter contract with Gazprom for the employment of the Clean Energy for a firm period of seven years and nine months. The charter is expected to commence in July 2018.
(2)
Upon its current contract expiration with Gazprom, the Ob River is expected to commence employment under a new multi-year time charter contract with the same charterer for a firm period of ten years.
(3)
In December 2017, we entered into a time charter contract with Statoil for the employment of the Arctic Aurora . This charter will be in direct continuation of the vessel's current charter with Statoil (interrupted only by the vessel's mandatory statutory class five-year special survey and dry-docking) and will have a firm period of three years +/- 30 days. Statoil will have the option to extend the charter term by two consecutive 12-month periods at escalated rates.
(4)
The Yenisei River and the Lena River are each contracted to commence employment with Yamal within six months and one year delivery windows starting from January 1, 2019 and July 1, 2019, respectively. We expect that these delivery windows will be narrowed, subject to our agreement with Yamal.   The charter contracts for these two vessels with Yamal in the Yamal LNG Project each have an initial term of 15 years, which may each be extended by three consecutive periods of five years. Each of these time charter contracts is subject to important conditions, which, if not satisfied, or waived by the charterer, may result in their cancellation, early termination or amendment, before or after their charter term commences, in which case, we may not receive the contracted revenues thereunder.

The Optional Vessels
 
In connection with the closing of our IPO, we entered in an Omnibus Agreement with our Sponsor and our General Partner that initially provided us with the right to acquire from our Sponsor up to seven LNG carrier vessels within a specified period of time following their delivery to our Sponsor and at a purchase price to be determined pursuant to the terms and conditions of that agreement, which we refer to as the Initial Optional Vessels.
In addition, following an amendment to the Omnibus Agreement in April 2016, we also have the right to acquire from our Sponsor its interest, which is currently 49%, in each of the five entities that each owns a 172,000 cubic meter ARC7 LNG carrier, either on water or currently under construction, which we refer to as the Additional Optional Vessels, subject to the terms and conditions of the Omnibus Agreement, as amended.  Two of the Additional Optional Vessels have been delivered to the joint venture in which our Sponsor participates by 49% in the fourth quarter of 2017 and first quarter of 2018. The remaining three Additional Optional Vessels are scheduled to be delivered in the first quarter of 2019.  We refer to the Initial Optional Vessels and the Additional Optional Vessels, together, as the Optional Vessels.
42



We may exercise our right to purchase each of the Optional Vessels for a specified period following the date of delivery of such vessel from the shipyard, or as otherwise mutually extended by the parties to the Agreement.  For additional information, please see "—Rights to Purchase Optional Vessels" and "Item 7. Major Unitholders and Related Party Transactions—B. Related Party Transactions."
Initial Optional Vessels
As of the date of this Annual Report, we have purchased from our Sponsor and have taken delivery of three of the Initial Optional Vessels: the Arctic Aurora in June 2014, the Yenisei River in September 2014, and the Lena River in December 2015. Our Sponsor owns, directly or indirectly, 100% of the equity interests of the entities that own the four remaining Initial Optional Vessels.  One of the four remaining Initial Optional Vessels, the Clean Ocean , is operating under a multi-year time charter with Cheniere, after which time, it is scheduled to commence employment under a long-term time charter for the Yamal LNG Project. Three of the Initial Optional Vessels, the Clean Planet , Clean Horizon , and Clean Vision , currently operate in an LNG carrier pool, or the Cool Pool, that was established on October 1, 2015, by our Manager, Golar LNG Limited and Gaslog Carriers Ltd., with a view to optimizing the operation of the pool vessels through improved scheduling, efficiencies and common marketing of the pooled vessels. Vessels operating in the Cool Pool are employed in the LNG spot market on charters of twelve months or less. Together with our Sponsor's three vessels, the Cool Pool currently consists of 18 LNG carriers.  In 2019, the Clean Planet , Clean Horizon , and Clean Vision are scheduled to commence employment under long-term charters with Yamal.
Additional Optional Vessels
In August 2015, our Sponsor and two unrelated third-parties, Sinotrans and China LNG Shipping, entered into a joint venture, pursuant to which they agreed to share in the ownership and operation of the Additional Optional Vessels.  Our Sponsor currently owns a 49% ownership interest in each of the five entities that each owns an Additional Optional Vessel, and Sinotrans and China LNG Shipping equally split the remaining 51% ownership interest of each such entity.  Three of the Additional Optional Vessels are currently under construction at Daewoo Shipbuilding & Marine Engineering Co., or "DSME".  Two of the Additional Optional Vessels were delivered to the joint venture in the fourth quarter of 2017 and first quarter of 2018 and three of the Additional Optional Vessels are expected to be delivered in the first quarter of 2019. Upon each of their deliveries, the Additional Optional Vessels are scheduled to commence employment under long-term charters for the Yamal LNG Project. Our Manager will provide vessel management services for the Additional Optional Vessels.
Our Sponsor currently owns a 49.0% ownership interest in each of the five entities that each owns an Additional Optional Vessel, and Sinotrans and China LNG Shipping equally split the remaining 51.0% ownership interest of each such entity. Under the Omnibus Agreement, we have the right, subject to certain conditions, to acquire our Sponsor's ownership interest in each of the five entities referenced above that respectively own the Additional Optional Vessels.
Specifications of the Optional Vessels
Each of the Optional Vessels has or is expected to have Ice Class designation, or its equivalent, for hull and machinery. The Initial Optional Vessels are equipped with a membrane containment system. The compact and efficient utilization of the hull structure reduces the required principal dimensions of the vessel compared to earlier LNG designs and results in relatively higher fuel efficiency and smaller quantities of LNG required for cooling down vessels' tanks. In addition, the Initial Optional Vessels are equipped with a tri-fuel diesel electric propulsion system, which is expected to reduce both fuel costs and emissions.

The five 172,000 cubic meter ARC7 Additional Optional Vessels are or will be capable of all year round operation at temperatures up to negative fifty degrees Celsius. High Ice Class Arc 7 allows them to navigate independently in ice of up to 2.1 meters thick. The Additional Optional Vessels are equipped with three Azipod propulsion units of 45 megawatt joint capability, which is comparable to the capability of a nuclear icebreaker.
43



The following table provides certain information about the Optional Vessels as of the date of this Annual Report.
 
Vessel Name
Shipyard (4)
 
Delivery
Date
   
Cargo Capacity
Cbm
 
Ice
Class
 
Charter
Commencement
 
Pool / Charterer
 
Earliest
Charter
Expiration
 
Initial Optional Vessels:
                             
Clean Ocean (1)
HHI
   
Q2-2014
     
162,000
 
Yes
   
Q2 2015
 
Cheniere & Yamal
   
2035
 
Clean Planet (2)
HHI
   
Q3-2014
     
162,000
 
Yes
   
2019
 
Cool Pool & Yamal
   
2034
 
Clean Horizon (2)
HHI
   
Q3-2015
     
162,000
 
Yes
   
2019
 
Cool Pool & Yamal
   
2034
 
Clean Vision (2)
HHI
   
Q1-2016
     
162,000
 
Yes
   
2019
 
Cool Pool & Yamal
   
2034
 
Additional Optional Vessels * :
                                     
Boris Vilkitsky (3)
DSME
   
Q4-2017
     
172,410
 
Yes
   
2017
 
Yamal
   
Q4-2045
 
Fedor Litke (3)
DSME
   
Q1-2018
     
172,410
 
Yes
   
2018
 
Yamal
   
Q4-2045
 
Hull No.2427 (3)
DSME
   
Q1-2019
     
172,410
 
Yes
   
2019
 
Yamal
   
Q4-2045
 
Hull No.2428 (3)
DSME
   
Q1-2019
     
172,410
 
Yes
   
2019
 
Yamal
   
Q4-2045
 
Hull No.2429 (3)
DSME
   
Q1-2019
     
172,410
 
Yes
   
2019
 
Yamal
   
Q4-2045
 

*
Our Sponsor directly or indirectly owns a 49.0% interest in these vessels.
(1)
Following the expiration of the time charter with Cheniere, this vessel is contracted to be employed under a long term time charter for the Yamal LNG project, for a period of 15 years, which may be extended by three consecutive five-year optional periods.
(2)
Vessel is contracted to commence employment within 2019 under long term charters for the Yamal LNG Project for an initial term of 15 years, which may be extended by three consecutive periods of five years each.
(3)
Upon its delivery from the shipyard, vessel operates/will operate under a fixed rate time charter contract for the Yamal LNG Project until December 31, 2045, plus two consecutive five-year extension options.
(4)
As used in this Annual Report, "HHI" refers to the shipyard Hyundai Heavy Industries Co. Ltd and "DSME" refers to the shipyard Daewoo Shipbuilding & Marine Engineering Co.
Rights to Purchase the Optional Vessels
Under the Omnibus Agreement, we have the right, subject to certain conditions, to purchase from our Sponsor the Initial Optional Vessels and our Sponsor's ownership interest in the entities that respectively own the Additional Optional Vessels at a purchase price to be determined pursuant to the terms and conditions of the Omnibus Agreement. The purchase rights relating to the Initial Optional Vessels each expired 24 months following the respective delivery of each Initial Optional Vessel from the shipyard, but have since been extended by mutual agreement with our Sponsor and the approval of our Conflicts Committee. With respect to the Clean Ocean and the Clean Planet , we have agreed with our Sponsor to extend the purchase option deadlines until March 31, 2018 and we expect that we may agree with our Sponsor to further extend these deadlines. With respect to the Clean Horizon and Clean Vision , we have agreed with our Sponsor to extend the purchase option deadlines to December 31, 2018. The remaining Initial Optional Vessels have been financed by our Sponsor under sale leaseback arrangements. Pursuant to the terms of our Sponsor's existing sale leaseback arrangements, which would require us to assume, among other things, such sale leaseback arrangements and fulfill certain other conditions, we may exercise our right to purchase each of the Initial Optional Vessels pursuant to the Omnibus Agreement.
With respect to our Sponsor's ownership interest in the entities that own the Additional Optional Vessels, our purchase rights expire within 24 months following the expiration, without acceptance, of our 30-day option to purchase such interests pursuant to the Omnibus Agreement, so long as such Additional Optional Vessels are employed under a long-term charter of four or more years upon their respective delivery dates). We may also mutually agree with our Sponsor, with the approval of our Conflicts Committee, to extend or further extend, as applicable, the purchase option exercise period, but there can be no assurances that our Sponsor will grant such extensions.
44



If we are unable to agree with our Sponsor on the purchase price of any of the Initial Optional Vessels or our Sponsor's ownership interest in the entities that respectively own the Additional Optional Vessels, as the case may be, the respective purchase price will be determined by an independent appraiser, such as an investment banking firm, broker or firm generally recognized in the shipping industry as qualified to perform the tasks for which such firm has been engaged, and we will have the right, but not the obligation, to purchase such assets at such price. The independent appraiser will be mutually appointed by our Sponsor and our Conflicts Committee. See "Item 7. Major Unitholders and Related Party Transactions—B. Related Party Transactions" for information on how the purchase price is calculated.
The purchase price of the Initial Optional Vessels or our Sponsor's ownership interest in the Additional Optional Vessels, as the case may be, as finally determined by an independent appraiser, may be an amount that is greater than what we are able or willing to pay or we may be unwilling to proceed to purchase such vessel if such acquisition would not be in our best interests. We will not be obliged to purchase the Optional Vessels at the determined price, and, accordingly, we may not complete the purchase of such vessels, which may have an adverse effect on our expected plans for growth. In addition, our ability to purchase the Optional Vessels, should we exercise our right to purchase such vessels, is dependent on our ability to obtain additional financing to fund all or a portion of the acquisition costs of these assets.
Our Sponsor has secured financing for the Initial Optional Vessels and, our Sponsor, together with its joint venture partners, has secured financing for the Additional Optional Vessels.  In the event we acquire any or all of such Optional Vessels in the future, we may enter into agreements with our Sponsor to novate these loan agreements to us, subject to the satisfaction of certain conditions. Any such novation would be subject to each respective lender's consent.  We may also seek to enter into new financing arrangements. As of the date of this Annual Report, we have not secured any financing in connection with the potential acquisition of any of the remaining Optional Vessels. Please see "Risk Factors—Our Sponsor may be unable to service its debt requirements and comply with the provisions contained in the credit agreements secured by the Optional Vessels. If our Sponsor fails to perform its obligations under its loan agreements, our business and expected plans for growth may be materially affected."
Our Chartering Strategy and Charterers
We seek to employ our vessels on multi-year time charters with international energy companies that provide us with the benefits of stable cash flows and high utilization rates. We charter our vessels for a fixed period of time at daily rates that are generally fixed, but which could contain a variable component to adjust for, among other things, inflation and/or to offset the effects of increases in operating expenses.
The Ob River , Yenisei River , Amur River and the Lena River are currently employed with Gazprom under time charter contracts with an average remaining term of approximately 5.3 years as of March 8, 2018, based on the earliest redelivery under our charters. The Ob River is further contracted to Gazprom for a charter term of 10 years, upon the expiration of its current charter in the second quarter of 2018.
The Yenisei River and the Lena River are expected to be redelivered to us under their current charters at the earliest in July and September 2018, respectively, and are expected to commence employment under their new charters with Yamal within six months and one year delivery windows starting from January 1, 2019 and July 1, 2019, respectively. We expect that these delivery windows will be narrowed, subject to our agreement with Yamal. The charters for these two vessels with Yamal in the Yamal LNG Project each have an initial term of 15 years, which may be extended for three consecutive periods of five years. These charter contracts are subject to important conditions, which, if not satisfied, or waived by the charterer, may result in cancellation, early termination, or amendment of the charter, before or after their charter term commences, in which case we may not receive the contracted revenues under such charter agreements.  These conditions include, but are not limited to, requirements with respect to our Sponsor and certain of its affiliates, which may be outside of our control. We can provide no assurance that these two vessels will be able to commence employment under the Yamal LNG Project charter agreements or realize any revenues under such charter agreements.
On December 20, 2017, we entered into a new three year charter agreement with Statoil for the employment of the Arctic Aurora . The new Statoil charter is expected to commence in the third quarter of 2018 in direct continuation of the vessel's current charter with Statoil (interrupted only by the vessel's mandatory statutory class five-year special survey and dry-docking) and will have a firm period of about 3 years +/- 30 days. Statoil will have the option to extend the charter term by two consecutive 12-month periods at escalated rates.
45



In April 2017, the Clean Energy was redelivered to us by Shell at which time we entered into consecutive short-term charters to employ the vessel. In October 2017, we delivered the Clean Energy to PetroChina and on December 18, 2017, PetroChina exercised its right to extend the current charter period for the vessel by a minimum period of approximately four months. As of the date of this Annual Report, the Clean Energy is expected to be redelivered to us under the charter, as extended, at the earliest, in May 2018 and at latest, in June 2018, prior to its delivery to Gazprom in July 2018, when the vessel is expected to commence a time charter with a term of approximately eight years.
Based on the charter contracts described in the preceding paragraphs and the minimum expected number of days committed under those contracts (excluding options to extend), as of March 8, 2018 we had estimated contracted revenue backlog of approximately $1.48 billion with average remaining contract duration of 10.3 years.
We may not be able to perform under these contracts due to events within or beyond our control, and our counterparty may seek to cancel or renegotiate our contracts for various reasons.  Our inability or the inability of our counterparty, to perform under the respective contractual obligations may affect our ability to realize the estimated contractual backlog listed above and may have a material adverse effect on our financial position, results of operations and cash flows and our ability to realize the contracted revenues under these agreements. Our estimated contract backlog may be adversely affected if the Yamal LNG Project for which certain of our vessels are contracted to be employed is abandoned or underutilized due to changes in the demand for LNG.
For information on our customer concentration, please see Item 11. "Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosure About Market Risk—Concentration of Credit Risk."
The International Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) Shipping Industry
All the information and data presented in this section, including the analysis of the various sectors of the international liquefied natural gas (LNG) shipping industry has been provided by Drewry Shipping Consultants, Ltd., or Drewry, an independent consulting and research company. Drewry has advised that the statistical and graphical information contained herein is drawn from its database and other sources. In connection therewith, Drewry has advised that: (a) certain information in Drewry's database is derived from estimates or subjective judgments; (b) the information in the databases of other maritime data collection agencies may differ from the information in Drewry's database; (c) while Drewry has taken reasonable care in the compilation of the statistical and graphical information herein and believes it to be accurate and correct, data compilation is subject to limited audit and validation procedures.
Overview of Natural Gas Market
Natural gas is one of the key sources of global energy; the others include oil, coal, hydroelectricity and nuclear power. In the last three decades, demand for natural gas has grown faster than the demand for any other fossil fuel. Since the early 1970s, natural gas' share of total global primary energy consumption has risen from 18% in 1970 to 24% in 2017.
Natural Gas Share of Primary Energy Consumption: 1970-2017 1
(% – Based On Million Tonnes Oil Equivalent)


(1) Estimate
Source: Industry sources, Drewry
46



Natural gas has a number of advantages that will make it a competitive source of energy in the future. Apart from being abundant in supply natural gas is the lowest carbon-intensive fossil fuel, least affected by the various regulatory policies aimed to curb greenhouse gas emissions. In recent years, consumption of natural gas has risen steadily due to global economic growth, increasing energy demand, consumers' desires to diversify energy sources, market deregulation, competitive pricing, and recognition that natural gas is a cleaner energy source as compared to coal and oil. The level of carbon dioxide emissions and pollutants from natural gas in power generation are half the level produced from coal.
Natural gas is primarily used in power generation (electricity) and for heating. According to BP statistical review of world energy (June 2017), worldwide natural gas reserves are estimated at 187 trillion cubic meters (cbm), which is enough for 53 years of supply at current rates of consumption. Over the past decade, natural gas consumption has risen 2% per annum, with growth of 5% per annum in the Middle East and the Asia-Pacific and 4% per annum in Africa.
In the last decade, a large part of the growth in natural gas consumption has been accounted for by Asia and the Middle East regions, where gas consumption is up nearly 1.6 times between 2007 and 2017.
World Natural Gas Consumption: 1970-2017 1
(Million Tonnes Oil Equivalent)


(1) Estimate
Source: Industry sources, Drewry
The International Energy Agency (IEA) has stated that global natural gas reserves are large enough to accommodate rapid expansion of natural gas demand for several decades to come. Although, natural gas reserves and production are widespread across the globe, the geographical disparity between areas of production and areas of consumption has been the principal stimulus of international trade in natural gas.
47



World Natural Gas Production: 1970-2017 1
(Million Tonnes Oil Equivalent)


(1) Estimate
Source: Industry sources, Drewry

Natural gas production in North America has increased due to the emergence of shale gas reserves and new techniques such as horizontal drilling and hydraulic fracturing to access and extract these reserves. United States (U.S.) domestic gas production has exceeded domestic gas consumption for a large part of the year, which may reduce future gas import rates. Additionally, rising U.S. domestic production may drive down domestic gas prices and raise the likelihood of U.S. gas exports.
As a result of these developments, the North American gas market is moving in a different cycle from the rest of the world, and there is a price differential with other markets as indicated in the chart below. Regional price differentials create the opportunity for arbitrage and also act as a catalyst for the construction of new productive capacity. Given these conditions, the interest in exporting LNG gas from the U.Ss has grown and a number of new liquefaction plants are now planned. This price differential, however, has been reduced substantially since 2014, which is attributable to a sharp drop in the LNG prices in the international market, and which has led to delay in some new planned facilities. In the later part of 2017, the price of natural gas in Asia increased steeply following a surge in the Chinese LNG imports. This led to an increase in the price differential between the Asia and the U.S., which prompted arbitrage trade.
48

 
Natural Gas Prices: 2007-2017
(U.S. $ per MMBtu)


Source: Drewry
The LNG Market
To turn natural gas into a liquefied form, natural gas must be super cooled to a temperature of approximately minus 260 degrees Fahrenheit. This process reduces the gas to approximately 1/600th of its original volume in a gaseous state. Reducing the volume enables economical storage and transportation by ship over long distances. LNG is transported by sea in specially built tanks on double-hulled ships to a receiving terminal, where it is unloaded and stored in heavily insulated tanks. The LNG is then returned to its gaseous state, or regasified in regasification facilities at the receiving terminal. Finally, the regasified LNG is shipped by pipeline for distribution to natural gas customers.
 

Source: Drewry
LNG Supply
Globally, 80.7 million tonnes of new LNG production capacity is under construction, 195.7 million tonnes of new LNG production capacity is planned, and 471 million tonnes of speculative LNG production capacity is under consideration, but for which no confirmed plans exist.
49

 
World LNG Production Capacity – January 2018
(Million Tonnes per Annum)

Source: Drewry
As such, LNG production capacity will expand significantly as several new production facilities which are now under construction and due on stream in the next few years. Generally, every additional one million tonnes of LNG productive capacity creates demand for up to two LNG carriers in the 150,000 cbm size range.
In the last decade, more countries have entered the LNG export market. In December 2017, there were 22 producers and exporters of LNG compared with just 13 in 2005. As a result, world trade in LNG has risen from 138 million tonnes in 2005 to an estimated 285 million tonnes in 2017.
LNG Exports: 2005-2017 1
(Million Tonnes)

 
ALG
USA #
LIB
BRU
UAE
INO
MAL
AUS
QAT
TNT
NIG
OMA
EGY
EQG
NOR
RUS
YMN
PER
FRA
BEL #
ESP #
Papua
Others ##
Total
2005
18.7
1.3
0.6
6.7
5.2
23.0
20.8
10.8
19.8
10.2
8.8
6.7
5.1
-
-
-
-
-
 
-
-
-
-
137.8
2006
18.0
1.3
0.5
7.2
5.2
21.6
20.5
13.2
22.7
11.9
12.8
8.4
10.9
-
-
-
-
-
 
-
-
-
-
154.1
2007
18.0
0.9
0.6
6.8
5.5
20.3
21.7
14.8
28.1
13.2
15.4
8.9
9.9
1.0
0.1
-
-
-
 
-
-
-
-
165.3
2008
15.5
0.7
0.4
6.7
5.5
19.6
21.8
14.8
29.0
13.0
15.3
8.0
9.9
4.1
1.6
-
-
-
 
-
-
-
-
165.6
2009
15.3
0.6
0.5
6.4
5.1
19.0
21.6
17.7
36.1
14.4
11.7
8.4
9.4
3.4
2.3
4.8
0.3
-
 
0.2
-
-
-
177.2
2010
14.1
1.2
0.0
6.4
5.8
22.9
22.3
18.5
55.3
15.1
17.4
8.4
7.1
3.8
3.4
9.8
4.0
1.3
 
0.4
-
-
-
217.2
2011
12.5
1.5
0.1
6.9
5.8
21.3
24.3
18.9
74.9
13.8
18.9
8.0
6.3
3.8
2.9
10.5
6.5
3.7
 
0.4
0.5
-
-
241.5
2012
10.5
0.5
-
6.6
5.5
17.5
23.2
20.5
76.7
13.7
19.9
8.2
4.9
3.5
3.3
10.8
5.2
3.9
 
0.3
1.2
-
0.7
236.9
2013
10.9
0.1
-
6.9
5.4
16.4
24.7
22.1
77.0
14.4
16.3
8.4
2.7
3.7
2.8
10.4
7.0
4.1
 
1.1
2.1
-
0.9
237.5
2014
12.6
0.3
-
6.0
5.8
15.8
24.8
23.1
75.5
14.1
18.5
7.8
0.3
3.7
3.9
10.6
6.5
4.2
 
1.1
3.8
3.4
1.5
243.3
2015
11.8
0.6
-
6.4
5.6
16.0
24.9
29.0
77.6
12.4
20.1
7.4
-
3.6
4.4
10.6
1.4
3.6
 
0.9
2.3
7.1
1.4
247.4
2016
11.6
3.2
-
6.0
5.4
15.5
23.4
41.5
76.2
10.4
17.3
7.8
0.5
3.2
4.6
10.2
-
4.0
1.1
-
0.1
7.6
3.2
253.0
2017 (E)
15.5
16.1
-
5.6
5.9
17.3
23.4
56.6
79.4
8.8
16.1
8.0
0.2
3.1
2.5
11.0
-
4.0
1.1
0.0
0.0
8.5
2.0
285.0
% Change 17-16
33.0%
402.1%
-
-6.8%
8.8%
11.4%
-0.3%
36.4%
4.1%
-16.0%
-7.1%
2.4%
-55.6%
-0.4%
-46.0%
7.4%
-
-0.5%
4.0%
-
-100.0%
11.7%
-36.7%
12.6%
# Include re-exports
## Includes re-exports from Brazil, France, Portugal, South Korea, Japan and Greece
(1) Estimate
Source: Drewry
50



Historically, LNG exporters were located in just three regions: Algeria and Libya in North Africa, Indonesia, Malaysia, Brunei and Australia in Southeast Asia/Australasia, and Abu Dhabi and Qatar in the Middle East (excluding smaller scale LNG exports from Alaska). However, the entry of Trinidad and Tobago, Nigeria and Norway has added a significant regional diversification to LNG exports in the Atlantic basin. Equally, the addition of Oman as an exporter and the rapid expansion of Qatari production have also positioned the Middle East as an increasingly significant player in the global LNG business. Qatar is now the world's largest producer and exporter of LNG, accounting for close to 28% of all trade in LNG.
U.S. LNG exports have ramped up significantly in the last two years, increasing from 3.2 million tonnes in 2016 to 16.1 million tonnes in 2017. The U.S.'s LNG exports have mainly benefited from the Sabine Pass LNG terminal, launched in 2016 with four active trains active by the end of January 2018. Currently, six LNG export terminals are being built in the U.S., (including two more trains at the Sabine Pass LNG terminal), with an aggregate export capacity of 56 million tonnes per annum.  In the fourth quarter of 2017, Russia has started the first phase of its Yamal LNG project in Russia commenced its first phase of production with a nameplate capacity of 5.5 million tonnes. The second train of the Yamal LNG project is expected to start in 2018, and the third train will become operational in 2019. This project will have an overall capacity of 16.5 million tonnes when fully operational.
LNG Demand
In tandem with the growth in the number of LNG suppliers, there has been a corresponding increase in the number of importers. In 2005, there were 15 countries importing LNG; by December 2017 the number of countries importing LNG increased to 34.
LNG imports by country between 2005 and 2017 are shown in the table below. Despite diversification in the number of importers, Japan, South Korea, and China provide the backbone of LNG trades, collectively accounting for 55% of total LNG imports as of the end of December 2017. China's LNG imports surged in 2017 and it had surpassed South Korea to become the second biggest LNG importing nation. There has also been strong growths of LNG imports by India, Taiwan and Spain due to increasing demand in the power sector in those countries and  a focus by each respective government on and those the use of natural gas as a source of energy to reduce air pollution caused by conventional sources of energy.
The Chinese imports of LNG commenced in 2006, and have grown exponentially from a mere 0.7 million tonnes in 2006 to 38.3 million tonnes in 2017. China's LNG imports expanded by 53% year over year in 2017 as China took steps to shift from coal to natural gas for heating households during the winter. The sharp rise in the China's LNG imports is attributed to its government's stated policy of to increase the share of gas in the overall Chinese energy demand. The Chinese government is taking strong measures to shift from coal to natural gas to reduce pollution. China's 13th Five-Year Plan aims to reduce coal's share in the overall energy mix – from 64% in 2015 to 58% in 2020, while increasing the use of gas from 6% to10% between 2015 and 2020.The increased emphasis on LNG as a source of energy is the result of China's aim to cut its greenhouse gas emissions, per unit of GDP, by 60-65% between 2005 and 2030.
51



LNG Imports by Country 2005-2017 1
(Million Tonnes)

Importer
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017 (E)
Argentina
-
-
-
0.3
0.7
1.3
3.2
3.4
4.7
4.8
4.3
3.8
4.3
Belgium
2.2
3.1
2.3
2.1
4.8
4.7
4.8
3.1
1.6
2.1
2.8
2.1
1.0
Brazil
-
-
-
-
0.3
2.0
0.8
2.5
4.1
5.8
5.2
2.2
2.5
Canada
-
-
-
-
0.7
1.5
2.4
1.3
0.8
0.6
0.5
0.2
0.3
Chile
-
-
-
-
0.5
2.2
2.8
3.0
3.0
2.8
3.1
3.1
3.6
China
-
0.7
2.8
3.2
5.6
9.3
12.1
14.6
18.3
19.8
19.1
25.0
38.3
Dom. Rep.
0.2
0.2
0.3
0.3
0.4
0.6
0.7
0.9
1.2
0.9
1.3
1.3
1.5
Egypt
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
2.8
0.6
0.6
France
9.4
10.1
9.5
9.2
9.5
10.2
10.6
7.5
6.4
5.4
4.8
7.0
8.0
Greece
0.3
0.4
0.6
0.7
0.5
0.9
0.9
0.7
0.5
0.4
0.3
0.0
1.1
India
4.4
5.8
7.3
7.9
9.2
8.9
12.5
15.0
12.8
13.8
15.9
16.5
17.7
Indonesia
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
0.7
1.0
1.6
2.0
2.0
2.3
Israel
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
0.4
0.3
0.4
0.0
0.0
Italy
1.8
2.3
1.8
1.1
2.1
6.6
6.4
5.2
3.7
3.5
4.3
4.1
5.8
Japan
55.7
59.8
64.8
67.3
62.7
68.2
78.1
86.7
87.0
88.0
86.2
79.2
84.0
Jordan
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
2.9
3.3
3.3
Kuwait
-
-
-
-
0.7
2.0
2.3
2.0
1.6
2.7
2.7
2.7
2.7
Lithuania
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
0.1
0.4
0.0
0.0
Malaysia
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
0.1
1.5
1.7
1.6
1.2
1.5
Mexico
-
0.7
1.6
2.6
2.6
4.2
3.0
3.5
5.7
6.8
5.2
4.3
4.4
Netherlands
-
-
-
-
-
-
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.4
0.4
1.1
1.1
Pakistan
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1.1
2.9
3.7
Portugal
1.2
1.4
1.7
1.9
2.1
2.2
2.2
1.5
1.8
1.2
0.7
0.7
1.5
Puerto Rico
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.5
1.0
1.3
1.3
1.2
0.9
1.2
South Korea
22.2
24.9
25.1
26.7
25.1
32.4
36.0
35.9
39.6
37.3
31.9
32.1
37.6
Spain
16.0
17.8
17.7
21.0
19.7
20.1
17.6
14.7
10.9
11.5
9.5
9.6
10.3
Singapore
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
0.9
1.9
2.2
2.2
2.2
Taiwan
7.0
7.4
8.0
8.8
8.6
10.9
11.9
11.7
12.6
13.2
13.7
14.2
17.9
Thailand
-
-
-
-
-
-
0.7
1.0
1.5
1.4
2.6
3.1
3.4
Turkey
3.6
4.2
4.4
3.9
4.2
5.8
4.5
5.7
4.0
5.3
5.5
5.6
6.4
UAE
-
-
-
-
-
0.1
1.0
1.0
1.1
1.3
1.6
1.5
1.5
UK
0.4
2.6
1.1
0.8
7.5
13.6
18.5
10.0
6.8
6.1
9.4
7.7
5.8
USA
13.0
12.1
15.9
7.3
9.3
8.9
7.3
3.7
2.0
1.2
1.9
1.8
1.7
Africa
                     
7.4
7.3
Other*
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
3.4
0.7
World Total
137.8
154.1
165.3
165.6
177.2
217.3
241.5
236.9
237.4
243.3
247.3
253.0
285.0

(1) Estimate
Source: Drewry

52


Further expansion of regasification and terminal import infrastructure which is now underway will support the continued growth in Chinese LNG imports. China is not dissimilar from the U.S. in that it has large deposits of shale gas although geological structures in China are far more complicated. Additionally, China lacks the infrastructure to support the rapid development of domestic gas supplies, creating a demand for imported LNG. Monthly trends in LNG imports among Asian importers between 2005 and December 2017 are shown in the chart below.
Asian LNG Imports: 2005-2017
(Tonnes)


Source: Drewry
International Trade in Natural Gas
Generally, a pipeline is the most economical way of transporting natural gas from a producer to a consumer, provided that the pipeline is not too distant from the natural gas reserves. However, for some areas, such as the Far East, the lack of an adequate pipeline infrastructure means that natural gas must be turned into a liquefied form (LNG). The conversion into LNG is the only economical and feasible way that natural gas can be transported over long distances. Additionally, sea transportation of LNG is a more flexible solution than pipeline as it can accommodate required changes in trade patterns that are economically or politically driven.
International trade in natural gas has grown more than 50% between 2006 and 2017, with the volume of LNG trade at 1.8 times since 2006. International trade in natural gas accounts for one-third of total natural gas trade. As a result, LNG has captured a growing share of international gas trade, primarily due to the diversification of consumers, flexibility among producers, cost-efficient transport, and competitive gas prices.
53



World Natural Gas Trade 2006-2017 1
(Billion Cubic Meters)

(
(1) Estimate
Source: Drewry
LNG Shipping Routes
Although the number of LNG shipping routes has increased in recent years due to growth in the number of LNG suppliers and consumers, demand for shipping services remains heavily focused on a number of key trade routes. In 2017, the principal trade routes for LNG shipping included: Qatar to Europe (the United Kingdom and Italy), Qatar to Asia (India, Japan, and South Korea), Australia to Asia (China and Japan), and Malaysia to Japan. With the ramping up of the liquefaction projects in the U.S. and Russia, more cargo will be exported from these countries to Europe and Asia.
One important result of the geographical shifts in LNG production and consumption is the higher rate of growth in demand for shipping services, expressed in terms of ton miles, as compared to that of the underlying increases in LNG trade. Ton miles are derived by multiplying the volume of cargo by the distance between the load and the discharge port on each voyage. Over the last decade, demand for LNG shipping services, expressed in terms of ton miles, has increased at a compound average growth rate (CAGR) of 5.9%, compared with a 5.6% increase in the volume of cargo carried.

LNG Seaborne Trade 2005-2017 1



(1) Estimate
Source: Drewry
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LNG Trades Requiring Ice Class Tonnage
Ice Class Vessel Classifications
Ice class designations are assigned to ships that are strengthened to navigate in specific ice conditions. Ice class vessels are governed by different ice class rules and regulations depending on their respective area of operations.
Baltic Sea
·
Bay and Gulf of Bothnia, Gulf of Finland - Finnish-Swedish Ice Class Rules (FSICR)
 
·
Gulf of Finland (Russian territorial waters) - Russian Maritime Register (RMR) Ice Class Rules
Arctic Ocean
·
Barents, Kara, Laptev, East Siberian and Chukchi Seas - Russian Maritime Register (RMR) Ice Class Rules
 
·
Beaufort Sea, Baffin Bay, etc. - Canadian Arctic Shipping Pollution Prevention Rules (CASPPR)
 
·
RMR Ice Class Rules
There are also ice class rules and regulations for commercial ship operations on inland lakes, mainly the Great Lakes/St. Lawrence Seaway.
In the context of current commercial newbuilding orders, the FSICR have become the de facto standard for new tonnage. Four ice classes are defined in the FSICR. The FSICR fairway due ice classes along with the design notional level thicknesses, in order of strength from high to low, are:
Class
Standard
1A Super (1AS)
Design notional level ice thickness of 1.0m. For extreme harsh ice conditions.
1A
Design notional level ice thickness of 0.8m. For harsh ice conditions.
1B
Design notional level ice thickness of 0.6m. For medium ice conditions.
1C
Design notional level ice thickness of 0.4m. For mild ice conditions.

The FSICR and the system of ice navigation operated during the winter months in the Northern Baltic are the most well-developed criteria and standards for ice navigation. The system of ice navigation comprises three fundamental elements:
·
Ice class merchant vessels (compliant with the FSICR for navigation in the northern Baltic);
 
·
Fairway navigation channels; and
 
·
Ice breaker assistance.
Year-round navigation and continuity of trade using the above three fundamental elements were first introduced in the northern Baltic Sea areas during the 1960s. The current FSICR, as well as the system of ice navigation, has evolved over the years to its current state.
Requirement for Ice Class Tonnage
The FSICR include technical requirements for hull and machinery scantlings as well as for the minimum propulsion power of ships. The hull of ice class vessels and the main propulsion machinery must be safe. The vessel must have sufficient power for safe operations in ice-covered waters. During normal operations, the vessels will require strengthened hull structures in anticipation of encounters with various ice interaction loadings.
In addition to the ice class rules, ships are required to comply with requirements set by the maritime authorities in various jurisdictions. For example, the Russian marine operations headquarters accepts ships with ice-strength functionalities according to or at least the equivalent of FSICR 1B and compliance with crewing and icebreaker assistance requirements in order to operate in the Northern Sea Route (NSR).
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Ice Class LNG Fleet
The number of ships in the international LNG fleet with an ice class standard is very low. As of January 2018, there were only 16 LNG carriers with Ice Class 1A and Ice-Class 1A Super Standard in operation and ten vessels on order.
Northern Sea Route (NSR)
Currently, NSR cargo flows are dominated by oil, gas and mineral exports, particularly coal and ore. Demand for shipping for these commodities in the region has been increasing in recent years, driven by several key factors, including:
·
a reduced level of sea ice has extended the summer shipping season in the Arctic and is making some areas easy to navigate;
·
an increase in mineral resource development activities in the Arctic;
·
commodity demand growth in Asian economies;
·
technological developments which have made NSR a more feasible shipping route; and
·
chronic political problems in the Middle East, piracy in North Africa, and non-transparent commercial disputes over the Suez in Egypt.
These factors have made NSR a promising alternative.
Northern Sea Route
 

 
Source: Drewry

As a result, the NSR experienced strong growth in trade volumes between 2010 and 2013, illustrated in the table below.  However, transit traffic on the NSR fell substantially in 2014 and 2015, with only 23 and 18 vessels passing through in the respective years. In 2016, cargo volumes rebounded, partly because construction materials for the Yamal LNG plant were handled at Port of Sabetta on the Yamal Peninsula.
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Northern Sea Route — Transit traffic
 
   
2010
   
2011
   
2012
   
2013
   
2014
   
2015
   
2016
 
Number of Vessels
   
4
     
34
     
46
     
71
     
23
     
18
     
19
 
Total Cargo Volume (tons)
   
111,000
     
820,789
     
1,261,545
     
1,355,897
     
274,000
     
39,586
     
214,513
 

Source: Drewry, Centre for High North Logistics
In early 2017, the most suitable LNG terminal on the NSR for loading LNG for transport to the Far East was located in Northern Norway. The NSR to Japan is approximately 45% shorter than traditional shipping routes generally sailing through the Suez Canal. The Arctic route allows ships to save on time, fuel, and cut back on environmental emissions.
Russia began production at its Yamal LNG project in December 2017. The Yamal project (located in remote northern Russia, above the Arctic Circle) is expected to add approximately 16.5 million tonnes of LNG to global supply at full operational capacity in 2020. Drewry expects that increased Russian LNG will indirectly reduce demand for conventional LNG vessels because the transportation from Yamal to Asian and European countries will require a specialized category of ice-breaker LNG carriers capable of taking the shorter Arctic route. Additionally, the price competitiveness of Russian LNG compared with the U.S. is likely to boost Russian exports.
Russia will be able to deliver LNG at a lower price than most of its competitors due to the low feedstock cost of the world's most complex LNG project and the introduction of a shorter shipping route. Furthermore, the project has benefitted from the Russian government's support, including a 12-year exemption from mineral extraction tax, no export taxes on LNG, and government-subsidized construction of the port of Sabetta.
Special Ice-Class LNG vessels will be required to pass the NSR via the Bering Strait, which will enable vessels to reach Asia in 15 days, while the conventional route via the Suez Canal takes 30 days. This, in turn, will benefit importers by reducing the voyage time and transportation expenses.
In general, ships below 1A Ice-Class will not be allowed to trade on NSR, which provides an advantage to vessel owners with ice class tonnage. Furthermore, vessel owners/operators with experience operating in ice conditions will have a competitive advantage over the traditional operators that make occasional voyages into the region during the winter months.
The LNG Fleet
 
LNG carriers are specialist vessels designed to transport LNG between liquefaction facilities and import terminals. They are double-hulled vessels with a sophisticated containment system that holds and insulates LNG to maintain it in liquid form. Any LNG that evaporates during the voyage and converts to a natural gas (normally referred to as boil-off) can be used as fuel to help propel the ship.
Among the existing fleet, there are several different types of containment systems used on LNG carriers, but the two most popular systems are:
·
The Moss Rosenberg spherical system, which was designed in the 1970s and is used by a large portion of the existing LNG fleet. In this system, multiple self-supporting, spherical tanks are built independent of the carrier and arranged inside its hull.
 
·
The Gaz Transport membrane system, which is built inside the carrier and consists of insulation between the thin primary and secondary barriers. The membrane is designed to accommodate thermal expansion and contraction without overstressing the membrane.
However, most new vessels are being built with membrane systems such as the Gaz Transport system. This trend is primarily a result of lower Suez Canal fees and related costs associated with passage through the Suez Canal, often required for many long-haul trade routes. In addition, ships with membrane systems, such as the Gaz Transport membrane system, tend to operate more efficiently with less wind resistance as compared to the ships with Moss Rosenberg systems. Generally, ships with membrane systems achieve better speed due to improved hull utilization, reduced cool down time, and better terminal capacity.
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LNG Fleet
 
The cargo capacity of an LNG carrier is measured in cbm. As of January 31, 2018, the worldwide fleet totaled 456 ships with a combined capacity of 70.5 million cbm. The breakdown of the fleet by vessel size is shown below.
The LNG Fleet by Vessel Size: January 31, 2018

Size
 
No.
   
000 Cbm
 
18-49,999 cbm
   
6
     
118
 
50-74,999 cbm
   
3
     
205
 
75-124,999 cbm
   
8
     
725
 
125-149,999 cbm
   
206
     
28,625
 
150-199,999 cbm
   
189
     
30,708
 
200-219,999 cbm
   
30
     
6,391
 
220,000+ cbm
   
14
     
3,715
 
Total
   
456
     
70,487
 

Source: Drewry

Within the current worldwide fleet, there are only 16 vessels with ice class certification and these vessels account for close to 3.5% of the global LNG fleet. These ships are a niche part of the market and command a premium over the freight rates of non-ice class vessels.
The age profile of the existing fleet as of January 31, 2018, is shown below. The average age of all LNG carriers in service is 15.2 years, with lower fleet ages for comparatively bigger vessels.
LNG Fleet Age Profile: January 31, 2018

Size Range CBM
   
Average Age (Yrs)
 
 
18-50,000
     
17.1
 
 
50-75,000
     
17.7
 
 
75-125,000
     
30.4
 
 
125-150,000
     
17.4
 
 
150-200,000
     
4.9
 
 
200-220,000
     
9.7
 
 
220,000+_
 
   
9.1
 
Average Age—Total Fleet
     
15.2
 

Source: Drewry
Due to high-quality construction and in most cases, high-quality maintenance, LNG carriers tend to have longer trading lives than oil tankers. It is not unusual to see ships older than 35 years still in service. However, older ships may find it harder to find employment. Ships built before 1990 will likely be replaced in the near future.
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LNG fleet deliveries are shown below. The rapid growth of the LNG fleet during 2007-2012 can be attributed to higher LNG trade growth in these years.
LNG Fleet Delivery: 2005-January 2018


Source: Drewry

LNG Shipping Arrangements
LNG carriers are usually chartered for a fixed period of time. Shipping arrangements are normally based on charters of five years or more because:
·
LNG projects are expensive and typically involve an integrated chain of dedicated facilities. Accordingly, the overall success of an LNG project depends heavily on long-term planning and coordination of project activities, including marine transportation; and
·
LNG carriers are expensive to build, and vessel financing is supported by the corresponding cash-flow from long-term fixed-rate charters.
Most end users of LNG are utility companies, power stations or petrochemical producers with operations that depend on reliable and uninterrupted deliveries of LNG. Although most shipping requirements for new LNG projects continue to be provided on a long-term basis, spot voyages (typically consisting of a single voyage) and time charters of four years or less have become a feature of the market in recent years. However, it should be noted that the LNG spot market is different from the tanker spot market. In the tanker market, the term "spot trade" refers to a single voyage, which is arranged at a short notice. In the LNG market, the term "spot trade" refers to the transport of one or more cargoes, sometimes within a specified time period between one and six months, with a set-up time of possibly several months.
Newbuilding Prices
Similar to other types of vessels, newbuilding prices for LNG carriers rose steeply in the late 1980s and early 1990s, and then began to drift downwards in the mid-1990s and fall sharply in the late 1990s. At the beginning of 1992, the price of a 125,000 cbm ship from a Far East yard was reported to be approximately $270 million to $290 million, compared with a low of $120 million at the end of 1986. However, by early 2000 new orders were being struck at a new low of around $150 million.
After the lows of early 2000, prices crept above $165 million in the first half of 2001 but fell back to the $160 million to $165 million range in the second half of the year. Further pressure on newbuilding prices, in general, pushed typical prices closer to $160 million in 2002, and by 2003 prices fell to just above $150 million. However, a host of factors, including constrained shipbuilding capacity, currency movements and high steel prices led to an increase in prices in 2004 to around $175 million. Prices rose above $200 million in 2005 and renewed pressure on shipbuilding prices pushed prices close to $220 million in 2006.
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LNG Carrier Newbuilding Prices: 2005-January 2018
(End Period - U.S. $ Million)



Source: Drewry

Prices for larger sized LNG carriers of 210,000-220,000 cbm were around $215 million when they were first ordered in late 2004 and increased to $235 million in the summer of 2005.
Newbuilding prices reached an all-time high mark of $250 million around mid-2008, influenced by a number of factors, including the declining dollar exchange rate, easy availability of finance, high steel prices, and tight shipbuilding capacity. However, newbuilding prices fell in the period between 2008 and 2011 due to a reduction in newbuilding orders. The newbuilding price for an LNG carrier increased marginally by 2% from $202 million in 2011 to $206 million in 2015. However, the newbuilding price dropped close to 7% in 2016 due weak freight rates and the resulting oversupply in the market, and continued to drop in 2017. In January 2018, the newbuilding price for a 170,000 cbm ship was $182 million.
Secondhand Prices
Secondhand sale and purchase transactions of LNG vessels are limited in number. Secondhand prices of LNG vessels declined 5% in 2017 following an 8% decline earlier in 2016.
LNG Carrier Secondhand Prices: January 2015 - January 2018
(Monthly - U.S. $ Million)


Source: Drewry

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LNG Safety
LNG shipping is generally safe relative to other forms of commercial marine transportation. In the past forty years, there have been no significant accidents or cargo spillages involving an LNG carrier, even though over 40,000 LNG voyages have been made during that time.
LNG is non-toxic and non-explosive in its liquid state. It only becomes explosive or inflammable when it is heated, vaporized, and in a confined space within a narrow range of concentrations in the air (5% to 15%). The risks and hazards from an LNG spillage vary depending on the size of the spillage, the environmental conditions, and the site at which the spillage occurs.
Competition
We operate in markets that are highly competitive and based primarily on supply and demand. The process of obtaining new time charters generally involves intensive screening and competitive bidding, and often extends for several months. LNG carrier time charters are generally awarded based upon a variety of factors relating to the vessel operator, including but not limited to price, customer relationships, operating expertise, professional reputation and size, age and condition of the vessel. We believe that the LNG shipping industry is characterized by the significant time required to develop the operating expertise and professional reputation necessary to obtain and retain charterers.
We expect substantial competition for providing marine transportation services for potential LNG projects from a number of experienced companies, including state-sponsored entities and major energy companies. Many of these competitors have significantly greater financial resources and larger and more versatile fleets than we do. We anticipate that an increasing number of marine transportation companies, including many with strong reputations and extensive resources and experience, will enter the LNG transportation market. This increased competition may cause greater price competition for time charters.
Seasonality
Historically, LNG trade, and therefore charter rates, increased in the winter months and eased in the summer months as demand for LNG in the Northern Hemisphere rose in colder weather and fell in warmer weather.  The LNG industry in general has become less dependent on the seasonal transport of LNG than a decade ago as new uses for LNG have developed, spreading consumption more evenly over the year.  There is a higher seasonal demand during the summer months due to energy requirements for air conditioning in some markets and a pronounced higher seasonal demand during the winter months for heating in other markets. However, our vessels primarily operate under multi-year charters and are not subject to the effect of seasonal variations in demand.
Environmental and Other Regulations
General
Governmental and international agencies extensively regulate the carriage, handling, storage and regasification of LNG. These regulations include international conventions and national, state and local laws and regulations in the countries where our vessels now or, in the future, will operate or where our vessels are registered. We cannot predict the ultimate cost of complying with these regulations, or the impact that these regulations will have on the resale value or useful lives of our vessels. Various governmental and quasi-governmental agencies require us to obtain permits, licenses and certificates for the operation of our vessels.
Although we believe that we are substantially in compliance with applicable environmental laws and regulations and have all permits, licenses and certificates required for our vessels, future non-compliance or failure to maintain necessary permits or approvals could require us to incur substantial costs or temporarily suspend operation of one or more of our vessels. A variety of governmental and private entities inspect our vessels on both a scheduled and unscheduled basis. These entities, each of which may have unique requirements and each of which conducts frequent inspections, include local port authorities, such as the U.S. Coast Guard, harbor master or equivalent, classification societies, flag state, or the administration of the country of registry, charterers, terminal operators and LNG producers.
It should be noted that the U.S. is currently experiencing changes in its environmental policy, the results of which have yet to be fully determined.  For example, in April 2017, the U.S. President signed an executive order regarding environmental regulations, specifically targeting the U.S. offshore energy strategy, which may affect parts of the maritime industry and our operations.
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International Maritime Regulation of LNG Vessels
The IMO is the United Nations' agency that provides international regulations governing shipping and international maritime trade, including the International Convention on Civil Liability for Oil Pollution Damage, the International Convention on Civil Liability for Bunker Oil Pollution Damage, and the International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships, or the "MARPOL Convention." The flag state, as defined by the United Nations Convention on Law of the Sea, has overall responsibility for the implementation and enforcement of international maritime regulations for all ships granted the right to fly its flag. The "Shipping Industry Flag State Performance Table" published annually by the International Chamber of Shipping evaluates flag states based on factors such as ratification of international maritime treaties, implementation and enforcement of international maritime regulations, supervision of surveys, and participation at IMO meetings.
The MARPOL Convention establishes environmental standards relating to oil leakage or spilling, garbage management, sewage, air emissions, handling and disposal of noxious liquids and the handling of harmful substances in packaged form. MARPOL is broken into six Annexes, each of which establishes environmental standards relating to different sources of pollution: Annex I relates to oil leakage or spilling; Annexes II and III relate to harmful substances carried, in bulk, in liquid or packaged form, respectively; Annexes IV and V relate to sewage and garbage management, respectively; and Annex VI, adopted by the IMO in September of 1997, relates to air emissions.
Air Emissions
In September 1997, the IMO adopted MARPOL 73/78 Annex VI "Regulations for the prevention of Air Pollution" (or Annex VI) to MARPOL to address air pollution from ships. Annex VI applies to all ships, fixed and floating drilling rigs and other floating platforms and sets limits on sulfur oxide and nitrogen oxide emissions from ship exhausts, and prohibits deliberate emissions of ozone depleting substances, such as chlorofluorocarbons (CFC). Annex VI also includes a global cap on sulfur content of fuel oil and allows for special areas to be established with more stringent controls on sulfur emissions. The certification requirements for Annex VI depend on size of the vessel and time of periodical classification survey. Ships weighing more than 400 gross tons and engaged in international voyages involving countries that have ratified the conventions, or ships flying the flag of those countries, are required to have an International Air Pollution Prevention Certificate (or an IAPP Certificate). Annex VI has been ratified by some but not all IMO member states. Annex VI came into force in the United States on January 8, 2009, and the U.S. Coast Guard issues IAPP Certificates. All the vessels in our Fleet have been issued with IAPP Certificates.
In October 2008, the IMO adopted amendments to Annex VI regarding emissions of sulfur oxide, nitrogen oxide particulate matter and ozone depleting substances, which entered into force on July 1, 2010.  The amended Annex VI seeks to further reduce air pollution by, among other things, implementing a progressive reduction of the amount of sulfur contained in any fuel oil used on board ships. On October 27, 2016, at its 70th session, the MEPC agreed to implement a global 0.5% m/m sulfur oxide emissions limit starting January 1, 2020.  Under the new global cap, ships will have to use fuel oil on board with a sulfur content of no more than 0.50% m/m, against the current limit of 3.50%.  This limitation will require ships to use fuel oil on board with a sulfur content of no more than 0.5% m/m, which can be met by using low-sulfur complaint fuel oil, alternative fuels, or by installing certain exhaust gas cleaning systems.  Once the cap becomes effective, ships will be required to obtain bunker delivery notes stating the sulfur content and IAPP Certificates by their flag states.  This subjects ocean-going vessels in these areas to stringent emissions controls, and may cause us to incur additional costs.
Sulfur content standards are even stricter within certain "Emission Control Areas," or "ECAs." As of January 1, 2015, ships operating within an ECA are not permitted to use fuel with sulfur content in excess of 0.1%. Amended Annex VI establishes procedures for designating new ECAs. Currently, these areas include, but are not limited to, the 200 nautical miles extending from the Atlantic/Gulf and Pacific coasts of the U.S., Canada and the Hawaiian Islands, as well as applicable areas of the U.S. Caribbean Sea and Europe, including the Baltic Sea and North Sea, and as of January 1, 2018, all ports within existing Chinese ECAs. This subjects ocean-going vessels in these ECAs to stringent emissions controls, and may cause us to incur additional costs. If other ECAs are approved by the IMO or other new or more stringent requirements relating to emissions from marine diesel engines or port operations by vessels are adopted by the United States Environmental Protection Agency, or the EPA, or the states where we operate, compliance with these regulations could entail significant capital expenditures or otherwise increase the costs of our operations.
The amendments also establish new tiers of stringent nitrogen oxide emissions standards for marine engines installed in new vessels, having keel laying on or after January 1, 2016 and sailing within North American and US Caribbean ECAs. Further, the European directive 2005/33/EC, which became effective January 1, 2010, bans the use of fuel oils containing more than 0.1% sulfur by mass by any merchant vessel while at berth in any EU country. Our vessels have achieved compliance, where necessary, by being arranged to burn gas only in their boilers when alongside. Marine Gas Oil and Low Sulfur Marine Gas Oil, or MGO and LSMGO, respectively, have been purchased as the only fuel for the Diesel Generators.
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Additionally, as discussed above, more stringent emission standards could apply in coastal areas designated as ECAs, such as the United States and Canadian coastal areas designated by the IMO's Marine Environment Protection Committee (MEPC), as discussed in "—U.S. Clean Air Act" below. U.S. air emissions standards are now equivalent to these amended Annex VI requirements, and once these amendments become effective, we may incur costs to comply with these revised standards.  Additional or new conventions, laws and regulations may be adopted that could require the installation of expensive emission control systems.
As of January 1, 2013 MARPOL made mandatory certain measures relating to energy efficiency for ships. This included the requirement that all new ships utilize the Energy Efficiency Design Index, or "EEDI," and all ships use the Ship Energy Efficiency Management Plan (SEEMP).
Amended Annex VI also establishes new tiers of stringent nitrogen oxide emissions standards for new marine engines, depending on their date of installation.  At the MEPC meeting held from March to April 2014, amendments to Annex VI were adopted which address the date on which Tier III Nitrogen Oxide (NOx) standards in ECAs will go into effect.  Under the amendments, Tier III NOx standards apply to ships that operate in North American and U.S. Caribbean Sea ECAs designed for the control of NOx with a marine diesel engine installed and constructed on or after January 1, 2016.  Tier III requirements could apply to areas that will be designated for Tier III NOx in the future. At MEPC 70 and MEPC 71, the MEPC approved the North Sea and Baltic Sea as ECAs for nitrogen oxide, effective January 1, 2021. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency promulgated equivalent (and in some senses stricter) emissions standards in late 2009.  As a result of these designations or similar future designations, we may be required to incur additional operating or other costs.
As determined at the MEPC 70, the new Regulation 22A of MARPOL Annex VI will become effective on March 1, 2018 and will require ships above 5,000 gross tonnage to collect and report annual data on fuel oil consumption to an IMO database, with the first data "calendar year" beginning January 1, 2019.
Safety Management System Requirements
The IMO also promulgates ongoing amendments to the International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea 1974 and its protocol of 1988, otherwise known as the SOLAS Convention. The SOLAS Convention provides rules for the construction of and equipment required for commercial vessels and includes regulations for safe operation. It requires the provision of lifeboats and other life-saving appliances, requires the use of the Global Maritime Distress and Safety System which is an international radio equipment and watchkeeping standard, afloat and at shore stations, and relates to the International Convention on Standards of Training, Certification and Watchkeeping for Seafarers (or STCW) also promulgated by the IMO. Flag states that have ratified the SOLAS Convention and STCW generally employ the classification societies, which have incorporated the SOLAS Convention and STCW requirements into their class rules, to undertake surveys to confirm compliance. May 2012 SOLAS Convention amendments entered into force as of January 1, 2014. Additionally, May 2013 SOLAS Convention amendments, pertaining to emergency drills, entered into force in January 2015.  The operation of our vessels is also affected by the International Convention on Load Lines (the "LL Convention"), which impose a variety of standards that regulate the design and operational features of vessels. The Convention on Limitation for Maritime Claims ("LLMC") was recently amended and the amendments went into effect on June 8, 2015. The amendments alter the limits of liability for a loss of life or personal injury claim and a property claim against ship owners. The IMO periodically revises the SOLAS and LL Convention standards. We believe that, upon acquisition, our vessels are and will be in material compliance with SOLAS and LL Convention standards.
Under Chapter IX of SOLAS, the ISM Code, our operations are also subject to environmental standards and requirements. The International Safety Management Code for the Safe Operation of Ships and for Pollution Prevention ("ISM Code") requires the party with operational control of a vessel to develop an extensive safety management system that includes, among other things, the adoption of a safety and environmental protection policy setting forth instructions and procedures for operating its vessels safely and describing procedures for responding to emergencies. We rely upon the safety management system that we and our technical management team have developed for compliance with the ISM Code. The failure of a vessel owner or bareboat charterer to comply with the ISM Code may subject such party to increased liability, may decrease available insurance coverage for the affected vessels and may result in a denial of access to, or detention in, certain ports.
The ISM Code requires that vessel operators obtain a safety management certificate for each vessel they operate. This certificate evidences compliance by a vessel's management with the ISM Code requirements for a safety management system. No vessel can obtain a safety management certificate unless its manager has been awarded a document of compliance, issued by each flag state, under the ISM Code.
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Ballast Water Management Convention
The IMO has negotiated international conventions that impose liability for oil pollution in international waters and the territorial waters of the signatory to such conventions. For example, the IMO adopted an International Convention for the Control and Management of Ships' Ballast Water and Sediments (or the BWM Convention) in February 2004. The BWM Convention's implementing regulations call for a phased introduction of mandatory ballast water exchange requirements (beginning in 2009), to be replaced in time with mandatory concentration limits. All ships will also have to carry a ballast water record book and an International Ballast Water Management Certificate. The BWM Convention entered into force on September 8, 2017. The BWM Convention requires ships to manage their ballast water to remove, render harmless, or avoid the uptake or discharge of new or invasive aquatic organisms and pathogens within ballast water and sediments.
The IMO has passed a resolution encouraging the ratification of the Convention and calling upon those countries that have already ratified to encourage the installation of ballast water management systems on new ships.  Many of the implementation dates originally written in the BWM Convention have already passed, so that once the BWM Convention enters into force, the period for installation of mandatory ballast water exchange requirements would be extremely short, with several thousand ships a year needing to install ballast water management systems (BWMS).  For this reason, on December 4, 2013, the IMO Assembly passed a resolution revising the application dates of BWM Convention so that they are triggered by the entry into force date and not the dates originally in the BWM Convention.  This, in effect, makes all vessels constructed before the entry into force date "existing vessels" and allows for the installation of a BWMS on such vessels at the first International Oil Pollution Prevention renewal survey following entry into force of the convention.  The MEPC adopted updated "guidelines for approval of ballast water management systems (G8)" at MEPC 70.  At MEPC 71, amendments to the schedule of certain BWM Convention implementation dates were introduced to extend the date existing vessels are subject to certain ballast water standards.  Ships over 400 gross tons generally must comply with a "D-1 standard," requiring the exchange of ballast water only in open seas and away from coastal waters.  The "D-2 standard" specifies the maximum amount of viable organisms allowed to be discharged.  Existing vessels must comply with the D2 standard between September 8, 2019, and September 8, 2024. For most ships, compliance with the D2 standard will involve installing on-board systems to treat ballast water and eliminate unwanted organisms.  Costs of compliance may be substantial.
Once mid-ocean ballast exchange or ballast water treatment requirements become mandatory, the cost of compliance could increase for ocean carriers and the costs of ballast water treatments may be material.  However, many countries already regulate the discharge of ballast water carried by vessels from country to country to prevent the introduction of invasive and harmful species via such discharges.  The United States for example, requires vessels entering its waters from another country to conduct mid-ocean ballast exchange, or undertake some alternate measure, and to comply with certain reporting requirements. Although we do not believe that the costs of such compliance would be material, it is difficult to predict the overall impact of such a requirement on our operations.
As referenced below, the U.S. Coast Guard issued new ballast water management rules on March 23, 2012. Under the requirements of the convention for units with ballast water capacity more than 5000 cubic meters that were constructed in 2011 or before, ballast water management exchange or treatment were accepted until January 1, 2016. From January 1, 2016 (or not later than the first intermediate or renewal survey after 2016), only ballast water treatment will be accepted by the Convention.
Other Regulations
Vessels that transport gas, including LNG carriers, are also subject to regulation under the International Gas Carrier Code (or the IGC Code) published by the IMO.  The completely revised and updated International Code for the Construction and Equipment of Ships Carrying Liquefied Gases in Bulk ﴾IGC Code﴿ entered into force on January 1, 2016, with an implementation/application date of July 1, 2016. The amendments were developed are intended to take into account recent advances in science and technology.  The IGC Code provides a standard for the safe carriage of LNG and certain other liquid gases by prescribing the design and construction standards of vessels involved in such carriage. Compliance with the IGC Code must be evidenced by a Certificate of Fitness for the Carriage of Liquefied Gases of Bulk. Each of our vessels is in compliance with the IGC Code and each of our newbuilding/conversion contracts requires that the vessel receive certification that it is in compliance with applicable regulations before it is delivered. Non-compliance with the IGC Code or other applicable IMO regulations may subject a shipowner or a bareboat charterer to increased liability, may lead to decreases in available insurance coverage for affected vessels and may result in the denial of access to, or detention in, some ports.
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Our LNG vessels may also become subject to the 2010 HNS Convention, if it is entered into force. The Convention creates a regime of liability and compensation for damage from hazardous and noxious substances (or HNS), including liquefied gases. The 2010 HNS Convention sets up a two-tier system of compensation composed of compulsory insurance taken out by shipowners and an HNS Fund which comes into play when the insurance is insufficient to satisfy a claim or does not cover the incident. Under the 2010 HNS Convention, if damage is caused by bulk HNS, claims for compensation will first be sought from the shipowner up to a maximum of 100 million Special Drawing Rights (or SDR). If the damage is caused by packaged HNS or by both bulk and packaged HNS, the maximum liability is 115 million SDR. Once the limit is reached, compensation will be paid from the HNS Fund up to a maximum of 250 million SDR. The 2010 HNS Convention has not been ratified by a sufficient number of countries to enter into force, and we cannot estimate the costs that may be needed to comply with any such requirements that may be adopted with any certainty at this time.
Furthermore, recent action by the IMO's Maritime Safety Committee and United States agencies indicate that cybersecurity regulations for the maritime industry are likely to be further developed in the near future in an attempt to combat cybersecurity threats. For example, cyber-risk management systems must be incorporated by ship-owners and managers by 2021. This might cause companies to cultivate additional procedures for monitoring cybersecurity, which could require additional expenses and/or capital expenditures. However, the impact of such regulations is hard to predict at this time.
The IMO continues to review and introduce new regulations. It is impossible to predict what additional regulations, if any, may be passed by the IMO and what effect, if any, such regulation may have on our operations.
Anti-Fouling Requirements
In 2001, the IMO adopted the International Convention on the Control of Harmful Anti-fouling Systems on Ships, or the "Anti-fouling Convention." The Anti-fouling Convention, which entered into force on September 17, 2008, prohibits the use of organic compound coatings to prevent the attachment of mollusks and other sea life to the hulls of vessels after September 1, 2003. Vessels of over 400 gross tons engaged in international voyages must obtain an International Anti-fouling System Certificate and undergo a survey before the vessel is put into service or when the antifouling systems are altered or replaced. We have obtained Anti-fouling System Certificates for all of our vessels that are subject to the Anti-Fouling Convention and do not believe that maintaining such certificates will have an adverse financial impact on the operation of our vessels.

United States Environmental Regulation of LNG Vessels
 
Our vessels operating in U.S. waters now or, in the future, will be subject to various federal, state and local laws and regulations relating to protection of the environment. In some cases, these laws and regulations require us to obtain governmental permits and authorizations before we may conduct certain activities. These environmental laws and regulations may impose substantial penalties for noncompliance and substantial liabilities for pollution. Failure to comply with these laws and regulations may result in substantial civil and criminal fines and penalties. As with the industry generally, our operations will entail risks in these areas, and compliance with these laws and regulations, which may be subject to frequent revisions and reinterpretation, increases our overall cost of business.
Oil Pollution Act and CERCLA
The U.S. Oil Pollution Act of 1990 (OPA 90) established an extensive regulatory and liability regime for environmental protection and cleanup of oil spills. OPA 90 affects all "owners and operators" whose vessels trade with the United States or its territories or possessions, or whose vessels operate in the waters of the United States, which include the U.S. territorial waters and the two hundred nautical mile exclusive economic zone of the United States. The Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) applies to the discharge of hazardous substances whether on land or at sea. While OPA 90 and CERCLA would not apply to the discharge of LNG, they may affect us because we carry oil as fuel and lubricants for our engines, and the discharge of these could cause an environmental hazard. Under OPA 90, vessel operators, including vessel owners, managers and bareboat or "demise" charterers, are "responsible parties" who are all liable regardless of fault, individually and as a group, for all containment and clean-up costs and other damages arising from oil spills from their vessels. These "responsible parties" would not be liable if the spill results solely from the act or omission of a third-party, an act of God or an act of war. The other damages aside from clean-up and containment costs are defined broadly to include:
·
natural resource damages and related assessment costs;
·
real and personal property damages;
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·
net loss of taxes, royalties, rents, profits or earnings capacity;
·
net cost of public services necessitated by a spill response, such as protection from fire, safety or health hazards; and
·
loss of subsistence use of natural resources.
Effective December 21, 2015, the U.S. Coast Guard adjusted the limits of OPA liability to the greater of $2,200 per gross ton or $18,796,800 for any double-hull tanker that is over 3,000 gross tons (subject to possible adjustment for inflation). These limits of liability do not apply, however, where the incident is caused by violation of applicable U.S. federal safety, construction or operating regulations, or by the responsible party's gross negligence or willful misconduct. These limits likewise do not apply if the responsible party fails or refuses to report the incident or to cooperate and assist in connection with the substance removal activities. This limit is subject to possible adjustment for inflation. OPA 90 specifically permits individual states to impose their own liability regimes with regard to oil pollution incidents occurring within their boundaries, and some states have enacted legislation providing for unlimited liability for discharge of pollutants within their waters. In some cases, states, which have enacted their own legislation, have not yet issued implementing regulations defining shipowners' responsibilities under these laws.
CERCLA, which also applies to owners and operators of vessels, contains a similar liability regime and provides for cleanup, removal and natural resource damages for releases of "hazardous substances." Liability under CERCLA is limited to the greater of $300 per gross ton or $0.5 million for each release from vessels not carrying hazardous substances as cargo or residue, and $300 per gross ton or $5 million for each release from vessels carrying hazardous substances as cargo or residue. As with OPA 90, these limits of liability do not apply where the incident is caused by violation of applicable U.S. federal safety, construction or operating regulations, or by the responsible party's gross negligence or willful misconduct or if the responsible party fails or refuses to report the incident or to cooperate and assist in connection with the substance removal activities. OPA 90 and CERCLA each preserve the right to recover damages under existing law, including maritime tort law. We believe that we are in substantial compliance with OPA 90, CERCLA and all applicable state regulations in the ports where our vessels call.
OPA 90 requires owners and operators of vessels to establish and maintain with the U.S. Coast Guard evidence of financial responsibility sufficient to meet the limit of their potential strict liability under OPA 90/CERCLA. Under the regulations, evidence of financial responsibility may be demonstrated by insurance, surety bond, self-insurance or guaranty. Under OPA 90 regulations, an owner or operator of more than one vessel is required to demonstrate evidence of financial responsibility for the entire fleet in an amount equal only to the financial responsibility requirement of the vessel having the greatest maximum liability under OPA 90/CERCLA. Each of our shipowning subsidiaries that has vessels trading in U.S. waters has applied for, and obtained from the U.S. Coast Guard National Pollution Funds Center, three-year certificates of financial responsibility, supported by guarantees which we purchased from an insurance based provider. We believe that we will be able to continue to obtain the requisite guarantees and that we will continue to be granted certificates of financial responsibility from the U.S. Coast Guard for each of our vessels that is required to have one.
The 2010 Deepwater Horizon oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico may also result in additional regulatory initiatives or statutes, including the raising of liability caps under OPA.  For example, on August 15, 2012, the U.S. Bureau of Safety and Environmental Enforcement (BSEE) issued a final drilling safety rule that became effective on October 22, 2012 for offshore oil and gas operations that strengthens the requirements for safety equipment, well control systems, and blowout prevention practice. A rule issued by the Bureau of Ocean Energy Management, or BOEM, that increased the limits of liability of damages for offshore facilities under the OPA based on inflation took effect in January 2015. Compliance with any new requirements of OPA may substantially impact our cost of operations or require us to incur additional expenses to comply with any new regulatory initiatives or statutes. However, in January 2018, the U.S. President unveiled a new proposal to lease new sections of U.S. waters to oil and gas companies for offshore drilling, vastly expanding the U.S. waters that are available for such activity over the next five years.  The effects of such proposal are currently unknown.
Clean Water Act
The United States Clean Water Act (or CWA) prohibits the discharge of oil or hazardous substances in United States navigable waters unless authorized by a permit or exemption, and imposes strict liability in the form of penalties for unauthorized discharges. The CWA also imposes substantial liability for the costs of removal, remediation and damages and complements the remedies available under OPA and CERCLA. In additional, many U.S. states that border a navigable waterway have enacted environmental pollution laws that impose strict liability on a person for removal costs and damages resulting from a discharge of oil or a release of a hazardous substance. These laws may be more stringent that U.S. federal law.
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The United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) regulates the discharge of ballast water, bilge water, and other discharges incidental to the normal operation of vessels within U.S. waters. Under the new rules, which took effect February 6, 2009, commercial vessels 79 feet in length or longer (other than commercial fishing vessels), or Regulated Vessels, are required to obtain a CWA permit regulating and authorizing such normal discharges. This permit, which the EPA has designated as the Vessel General Permit for Discharges Incidental to the Normal Operation of Vessels (or VGP) incorporates the current U.S. Coast Guard requirements for ballast water management as well as supplemental ballast water requirements, and includes limits applicable to 26 specific discharge streams, such as deck runoff, bilge water and gray water. For each discharge type, among other things, the VGP establishes effluent limits pertaining to the constituents found in the effluent, including best management practices (or BMPs) designed to decrease the amount of constituents entering the waste stream. Unlike land-based discharges, which are deemed acceptable by meeting certain EPA-imposed numerical effluent limits, each of the 26 VGP discharge limits is deemed to be met when a Regulated Vessel carries out the BMPs pertinent to that specific discharge stream. The VGP imposes additional requirements on certain Regulated Vessel types that emit discharges unique to those vessels. Administrative provisions, such as inspection, monitoring, recordkeeping and reporting requirements, are also included for all Regulated Vessels. Several U.S. states have added specific requirements to the VGP and, in some cases, may require vessels to install ballast water treatment technology to meet biological performance standards. For a new vessel delivered to an owner or operator after September 19, 2009 to be covered by the VGP, the owner must submit a Notice of Intent, or NOI, at least 30 days before the vessel operates in United States waters. On March 28, 2013 the EPA re-issued the VGP for another five years, which took effect December 19, 2013 and will expire on December 18, 2018. The 2013 VGP contains ballast water discharge standards for most vessels that now contain numeric limits. EPA is also planning to finalize the VGP for small vessels- the VGP but the final rule has not yet been issued.
Two recent court decisions should also be noted.  First, in in October 2015, the Second Circuit Court of Appeals issued a ruling that directed the EPA to redraft the sections of the 2013 VGP that address ballast water. However, the Second Circuit stated that 2013 VGP will remains in effect until the EPA issues a new VGP. In the fall of 2016, sources reported that the EPA indicated it was working on a new VGP. It presently remains unclear how the ballast water requirements set forth by the EPA, the USCG, and IMO BWM Convention, some of which are in effect and some which are pending, will co-exist.  Second, on January 22, 2018, the United States Supreme Court issued a ruling on a procedure issue related to the Clean Water Act's "waters of the United States" (WOTUS) rule, which was promulgated by the U.S. EPA and the Army Corps of Engineers in 2015. The Court's decision reversed and remanded the underlying Sixth Circuit case, which had issued a nationwide injunction against the WOTUS rule.  Some states could soon be subject to the 2015 WOTUS rule.  The EPA has proposed to extend the effective dates to the 2015 WOTUS rule for two years to allow the EPA to develop a replacement. The effect of future actions in these cases upon our operations is unknown.
Compliance with the VGP could require the installation of equipment on our Vessel to treat ballast water before it is discharged or the implementation of other disposal arrangements, and/or otherwise restrict our Vessel from entering United States waters. In addition, certain states have enacted more stringent discharge standards as conditions to their required certification of the VGP. We will submit NOIs for our Vessel where required and do not believe that the costs associated with obtaining and complying with the VGP will have a material impact on our operations.
National Aquatic Invasive Species Act
The National Invasive Species Act (or NISA) was enacted in 1996 in response to growing reports of harmful organisms being released into U.S. ports through ballast water taken on by ships in foreign ports. NISA established a ballast water management program for ships entering U.S. waters, which require the installation of equipment to treat ballast water before it is discharged in U.S. waters or, in the alternative, the implementation of other port facility disposal arrangements or procedures.  Vessels not complying with these regulations are restricted from entering U.S. waters.  The U.S. Coast Guard must approve any technology before it is placed on a vessel. As of the date of this Annual Report, there were six U.S. Coast Guard-type approved ballast water treatment systems available in the market. Under NISA, mid-ocean ballast water exchange is voluntary, except for ships heading to the Great Lakes, Hudson Bay, or vessels engaged in the foreign export of Alaskan North Slope crude oil. However, NISA's exporting and record-keeping requirements are mandatory for vessels bound for any port in the United States. If the mid-ocean ballast exchange is made mandatory throughout the United States, or if water treatment requirements or options are instituted, the costs of compliance could increase for ocean carriers.
The Coast Guard's revised regulations on ballast water management by establishing standards are consistent with those adopted by the IMO in 2004. The final rule requires that ballast water discharge have no more than 10 living organisms per milliliter for organisms between 10 and 50 micrometers in size. For organisms larger than 50 micrometers, the discharge can have 10 living organisms per cubic meter of discharge. New ships constructed on or after December 1, 2012 must comply with these standards and some existing ships must comply with these standards and existing ships must comply by their first dry dock after January 1, 2014. Compliance with these regulations will require us to incur additional costs and other measures that may be significant.
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Notwithstanding the foregoing, as of January 1, 2014, vessels are technically subject to the phasing-in of these standards. As a result, the U.S. Coast Guard has provided waivers to vessels which cannot install the as-yet unapproved technology. The EPA, on the other hand, has taken a different approach to enforcing ballast discharge standards under the VGP. On December 27, 2013, the EPA issued an enforcement response policy in connection with the new VGP in which the EPA indicated that it would take into account the reasons why vessels do not have the requisite technology installed, but will not grant any waivers.
Clean Air Act
The U.S. Clean Air Act of 1970, as amended (or the CAA) requires the EPA to promulgate standards applicable to emissions of volatile organic compounds and other air contaminants. Our vessels are subject to vapor control and recovery requirements for certain cargoes when loading, unloading, ballasting, cleaning and conducting other operations in regulated port areas and emission standards for so-called "Category 3" marine diesel engines operating in U.S. waters. The marine diesel engine emission standards are currently limited to new engines beginning with the 2004 model year. On April 30, 2010, the EPA promulgated final emission standards for Category 3 marine diesel engines equivalent to those adopted in the amendments to Annex VI to MARPOL. The emission standards apply in two stages: near-term standards for newly-built engines will apply from 2011, and long-term standards requiring an 80% reduction in nitrogen dioxides (or NOx) will apply from 2016. The CAA also requires states to draft State Implementation Plans, or SIPs, designed to attain national health-based air quality standards in each state.  Although state-specific, SIPs may include regulations concerning emissions resulting from vessel loading and unloading operations by requiring the installation of vapor control equipment.  Compliance with these standards may cause us to incur costs to install control equipment on our vessels in the future.
Other Regulations
The European Union has also adopted legislation that would: (1) ban manifestly sub-standard vessels (defined as those over 15 years old that have been detained by port authorities at least twice in a six month period) from European waters and create an obligation of port states to inspect vessels posing a high risk to maritime safety or the marine environment; and (2) provide the European Union with greater authority and control over classification societies, including the ability to seek to suspend or revoke the authority of negligent societies.
The European Union has implemented regulations requiring vessels to use reduced sulfur content fuel for their main and auxiliary engines. The EU Directive 2005/33/EC (amending Directive 1999/32/EC) introduced parallel requirements in the European Union to those in MARPOL Annex VI in respect of the sulfur content of marine fuels. In addition, it has introduced a 0.1% maximum sulfur requirement for fuel used by ships at berth in EU ports, effective January 1, 2010.
In 2005, the European Union adopted a directive on ship-source pollution, imposing criminal sanctions for intentional, reckless or negligent pollution discharges by ships. The directive could result in criminal liability for pollution from vessels in waters of European countries that adopt implementing legislation. Criminal liability for pollution may result in substantial penalties or fines and increased civil liability claims. We cannot predict what regulations, if any, may be adopted by the European Union or any other country or authority.
Regulation of Greenhouse Gas Emissions
Currently, the emissions of greenhouse gases from international shipping are not subject to the Kyoto Protocol to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, UNFCCC, which entered into force in 2005 and pursuant to which adopting countries have been required to implement national programs to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.  International negotiations are continuing with respect to a successor to the Kyoto Protocol, which set emission reduction targets through 2012 and has been extended with new targets through 2020 pending negotiation of a new climate change treaty that would take effect in 2020. Restrictions on shipping emissions may be included in any new treaty. In December 2009, more than 27 nations, including the U.S. and China, signed the Copenhagen Accord, which includes a non-binding commitment to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.  The 2015 United Nations Climate Change Conference in Paris resulted in the Paris Agreement, which entered into force on November 4, 2016.  The Paris Agreement does not directly limit greenhouse gas emissions from ships.  On June 1, 2017, the U.S. President announced that it is withdrawing from the Paris Agreement.  The timing and effect of such action has yet to be determined.
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At MEPC 70 and MEPC 71, a draft outline of the structure of the initial strategy for developing a comprehensive IMO strategy on reduction of greenhouse gas emissions from ships was approved. In accordance with this roadmap, initial IMO strategy for reduction of greenhouse gas emissions needs to be developed by MEPC 72, which will be held in April 2018.  The IMO may implement market-based mechanisms to reduce greenhouse gas emissions from ships at the upcoming MEPC session.
As of January 1, 2013, all ships (including rigs and drillships) must comply with mandatory requirements adopted by MEPC in July 2011 relating to greenhouse gas emissions. Under these measures, by 2025, all new ships built will be 30% more energy efficient than those built in 2014.  The amendments to MARPOL Annex VI Regulations for the prevention of air pollution from ships add a new Chapter 4 to Annex VI on Regulations on energy efficiency requiring the Energy Efficiency Design Index (EEDI), for new ships, and the Ship Energy Efficiency Management Plan (SEEMP) for all ships. Other amendments to Annex VI add new definitions and requirements for survey and certification, including the format for the International Energy Efficiency Certificate. The regulations apply to all ships of 400 gross tonnage and above. These new rules will likely affect the operations of vessels that are registered in countries that are signatories to MARPOL Annex VI or vessels that call upon ports located within such countries. The implementation of the EEDI and SEEMP standards could cause us to incur additional compliance costs. The IMO is also planning to implement market-based mechanisms to reduce greenhouse gas emissions from ships at an upcoming MEPC session. It is impossible to predict the likelihood that such a standard might be adopted or its potential impact on our operations at this time.
On January 1, 2013, two new sets of mandatory requirements to address greenhouse gas emissions from ships adopted by the MEPC as amendments to MARPOL Annex VI, entered into force.  Currently operating ships are now required to develop and implement SEEMPs and the new ships to be designed in compliance with minimum energy efficiency levels per capacity mile as defined by the Energy Efficiency Design Index, or EEDI.  Under these measures, by 2025, all new ships built will be 25% more energy efficient than those built in 2014.  These requirements could cause us to incur additional compliance costs.
In April 2015, a regulation was adopted requiring that large ships calling at European ports from January 2018 collect and publish data on carbon dioxide omissions.  In June 2013 the European Commission developed a strategy to integrate maritime emissions into the overall EU Strategy to reduced greenhouse gas emissions. For 2020, the EU made a unilateral commitment to reduce overall greenhouse gas emissions from its member states from 20% of 1990 levels. The EU also committed to reduce its emissions by 20% under the Kyoto Protocol's second period, from 2013 to 2020.  In December 2013 the EU environmental ministers discussed draft rules to implement monitoring and reporting of carbon dioxide emissions from ships.
In the U.S., the EPA issued a final finding that greenhouse gases threaten public health and safety, and has adopted regulations to limit greenhouse gas emissions from certain mobile sources and proposed regulations to limit greenhouse gas emissions from certain large stationary sources. However, in April 2017, the U.S. President signed an executive order to review and possibly eliminate the EPA's plan to cut greenhouse gas emissions.  The outcome of this order is not yet known.  Although the mobile source emission regulations do not apply to greenhouse gas emissions from vessels, the EPA or U.S. individual states could enact environmental regulations that would affect our operations.  For example, California has introduced caps for greenhouse gas emissions and, in the end of 2016, signaled it may take additional action regarding climate change. In addition, the IMO is evaluating various mandatory measures to reduce greenhouse gas emissions from international shipping, including market-based instruments.
Any passage of climate control legislation or other regulatory initiatives by the IMO, the European Union, the United States, or other countries where we operate, or any treaty adopted at the international level to succeed the Kyoto Protocol or Paris Agreement, that restrict emissions of greenhouse gases could require us to make significant financial expenditures, including capital expenditures to upgrade our vessels, that we cannot predict with certainty at this time. In addition, even without such regulation, our business may be indirectly affected to the extent that climate change results in sea level changes or more intense weather events.
Vessel Security Regulations
Since the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, there have been a variety of initiatives intended to enhance vessel security. On November 25, 2002, the Maritime Transportation Act of 2002 (or MTSA) came into effect. To implement certain portions of the MTSA, in July 2003, the U.S. Coast Guard issued regulations requiring the implementation of certain security requirements aboard vessels operating in waters subject to the jurisdiction of the United States. Similarly, in December 2002, amendments to the SOLAS Convention created a new chapter of the convention dealing specifically with maritime security. The new chapter became effective in July 2004 and imposes various detailed security obligations on vessels and port authorities, most of which are contained in the ISPS Code. The ISPS Code is designed to protect ports and international shipping against terrorism. After July 1, 2004, to trade internationally, a vessel must attain an International Ship Security Certificate (or ISSC) from a recognized security organization approved by the vessel's flag state.
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The following are among the various requirements, some of which are found in SOLAS:
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on-board installation of automatic identification systems to provide a means for the automatic transmission of safety-related information from among similarly equipped ships and shore stations, including information on a ship's identity, position, course, speed and navigational status;
·
on-board installation of ship security alert systems, which do not sound on the vessel but only alerts the authorities on shore;
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the development of vessel security plans;
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ship identification number to be permanently marked on a vessel's hull;
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a continuous synopsis record kept onboard showing a vessel's history including, the name of the ship and of the state whose flag the ship is entitled to fly, the date on which the ship was registered with that state, the ship's identification number, the port at which the ship is registered and the name of the registered owner(s) and their registered address; and
·
compliance with flag state security certification requirements.
The U.S. Coast Guard regulations, intended to align with international maritime security standards, exempt non-U.S. vessels from obtaining U.S. Coast Guard-approved MTSA vessel security plans provided such vessels have on board an ISSC that attests to the vessel's compliance with the SOLAS Convention security requirements and the ISPS Code. Amendments to SOLAS Chapter VII, made mandatory in 2004, apply to vessels transporting dangerous goods and require those vessels be in compliance with the International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code, or IMDG Code. Starting in January 1, 2016, the IMDG Code also includes updates to the provisions for radioactive material, reflecting the latest ﴾2012﴿ provisions from the International Atomic Energy Agency ﴾IAEA﴿, new marking requirements for "overpack" and "salvage" and updates to various individual packing requirements.  The IMO has also adopted the International Convention on Standards of Training, Certification and Watchkeeping for Seafarers, or STCW.  The STCW had a transitional period which ended on January 1, 2017 and which mandated certain requirements for security training, and certifications. Flag states that have ratified SOLAS and STCW generally employ the classification societies, which have incorporated SOLAS and STCW requirements into their class rules, to undertake surveys to confirm compliance.
Our Manager has developed Security Plans, appointed and trained Ship and Office Security Officers and each of our vessels in our Fleet complies with the requirements of the ISPS Code, the SOLAS Convention and the MTSA.
In-House Inspections
Our Manager carries out ship audits and inspections of the ships on a regular basis both underway while at passage at sea and while the vessels are in port. The results of these inspections result in a report containing recommendations for improvements to the overall condition of the vessel, maintenance, safety and crew welfare. Any internal non-conformity notes or observations raised during these inspections are dealt with in accordance with a corrective and preventive action plan.   Based in part on these evaluations, our Manager has created and implemented a program of continual maintenance for our vessels and their systems.
Inspection by Classification Societies
Every large, commercial seagoing vessel must be "classed" by a classification society. A classification society certifies that a vessel is "in class," signifying that the vessel has been built and maintained in accordance with the rules of the classification society and the vessel's country of registry and the international conventions of which that country is a member. In addition, where surveys are required by international conventions and corresponding laws and ordinances of a flag state, the classification society will undertake them on application or by official order, acting on behalf of the authorities concerned.
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For maintenance of the class certificate, regular and statutory class five-year special surveys of hull, machinery, including the electrical plant and any special equipment classed, are required to be performed by the classification society, to ensure continuing compliance. Vessels are dry-docked at least once during a five-year class cycle for inspection of the underwater parts and for repairs related to inspections. Vessels that are less than 15 years old have class notations which allow them to waive the requirement for an intermediate dry-docking in between the two five-year special surveys and, pursuant to an arrangement with the classification society,  they can perform an "in water survey in lieu of dry-docking." For vessels 15 years of age or older, the notation for "in water survey in lieu of dry-docking" is subject to special considerations, which include review of vessels' records and evaluation of previous repairs and data in order to ensure that vessel's condition meets the class standards for such waiver. If any defects are found, the classification surveyor will issue a "recommendation" which must be rectified by the shipowner within prescribed time limits. The classification society also undertakes on request of the flag state other surveys and checks that are required by the regulations and requirements of that flag state. These surveys are subject to agreements made in each individual case and/or to the regulations of the country concerned.
Most insurance underwriters make it a condition for insurance coverage that a vessel be certified as "in class" by a classification society, which is a member of the International Association of Classification Societies (the IACS). In 2012, the IACS issued draft harmonized Common Structural Rules that align with IMO goal standards, and are expected to be adopted in 2013. All of the vessels in our Fleet are certified by Lloyds Register and Bureau Veritas, have been awarded ISM certification and are currently "in class."
Safety, Management of Ship Operations and Administration
Our vessels are operated in a manner intended to protect the safety and health of the crew, the general public and the environment. We actively manage the risks inherent in our business and are committed to preventing incidents that threaten safety, such as groundings, fires and collisions. We are also committed to reducing emissions and waste generation. We have established key performance indicators to facilitate regular monitoring of our operational performance. We set targets on an annual basis to drive continuous improvement, and we review performance indicators monthly to determine if remedial action is necessary to reach our targets. Our Manager's shore staff performs a full range of technical, commercial and business development services for us. This staff also provides administrative support to our operations in finance, accounting and human resources.
Risk of Loss and Liability Insurance
The operation of any vessel, including LNG carriers, has inherent risks. These risks include mechanical failure, personal injury, collision, property loss, vessel or cargo loss or damage and business interruption due to political circumstances in foreign countries or hostilities. In addition, there is always an inherent possibility of marine disaster, including explosion, spills and other environmental mishaps, and the liabilities arising from owning and operating vessels in international trade. We believe that our present insurance coverage is adequate to protect us against the accident related risks involved in the conduct of our business and that we maintain appropriate levels of environmental damage and pollution insurance coverage consistent with standard industry practice. However, not all risks can be insured, and there can be no guarantee that any specific claim will be paid, or that we will always be able to obtain adequate insurance coverage at reasonable rates.
We have obtained hull and machinery insurance on all our vessels against marine and war risks, which include the risks of damage to our vessels, salvage or towing costs, and also insure against actual or constructive total loss of any of our vessels. However, our insurance policies contain deductible amounts for which we will be responsible. We have also arranged additional total loss coverage for each vessel. This coverage, which is called disbursements increased value coverage, provides us additional coverage in the event of the total loss of a vessel. The agreed deductible on each vessel averages $250,000.
We have also obtained loss of hire insurance to protect us against loss of income in the event one of our vessels cannot be employed due to damage that is covered under the terms of our hull and machinery insurance. Under our loss of hire policies, our insurer will pay us the daily rate agreed in respect of each vessel for each day, in excess of a certain number of deductible days, for the time that the vessel is out of service as a result of damage, for a maximum of 120 days. The number of deductible days varies from 14 days to 120 days, depending on the type of damage, machinery or hull damage. The number of deductible days for the vessels in our Fleet is 14 days per vessel.
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Protection and indemnity insurance, which covers our third-party legal liabilities in connection with our shipping activities, is provided by a mutual protection and indemnity association, or P&I club. This includes third-party liability and other expenses related to the injury or death of crew members, passengers and other third-party persons, loss or damage to cargo, liabilities arising from collisions with other vessels (one-quarter covered by protection and indemnity insurance and by three-quarters covered by hull and machinery insurance) or from contact with jetties or wharves and other damage to other third-party property, including pollution arising from oil or other substances, and other related costs, including wreck removal. Subject to the capping discussed below, our coverage, except for pollution, is unlimited. Our current protection and indemnity insurance coverage for pollution is $1 billion per vessel per incident. The thirteen P&I clubs that comprise the International Group of Protection and Indemnity Clubs insure approximately 90% of the world's commercial tonnage and have entered into a pooling agreement to reinsure each association's liabilities. Each P&I club has capped its exposure in this pooling agreement so that the maximum claim covered by the pool and its reinsurance would be approximately $5.45 billion per accident or occurrence. We are a member of the North of England P&I Club and The Standard P&I Club. As a member of these P&I clubs, we are subject to a call for additional premiums based on the clubs' claims record, as well as the claims record of all other members of the P&I clubs comprising the International Group. However, our P&I clubs have reinsured the risk of additional premium calls to limit our additional exposure. This reinsurance is subject to a cap, and there is the risk that the full amount of the additional call would not be covered by this reinsurance.
C.            ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE
We were formed on May 29, 2013 as a Marshall Islands limited partnership. We own (i) a 100% limited partner interest in Dynagas Operating LP, which owns a 100% interest in our Fleet through intermediate holding companies and (ii) the non-economic general partner interest in Dynagas Operating LP through our 100% ownership of its general partner, Dynagas Operating GP LLC.
Please see Exhibit 8.1 to this Annual Report for a list of our current subsidiaries.
D.            PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT
For a description of our Fleet, please see "Item 4. Information on the Partnership—B. Business Overview—Our Fleet."
Other than the vessels in our Fleet, we do not own any real property.
ITEM 4A.
UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS
Not applicable.
ITEM 5.
OPERATING AND FINANCIAL REVIEW AND PROSPECTS
The following management's discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with the "Selected Financial Data" and the accompanying audited consolidated financial statements and the related notes included in "Item 18. Financial Statements" of this Annual Report. Amounts relating to percentage variations in period—on—period comparisons shown in this section are derived from the actual numbers in our books and records. The following discussion contains forward-looking statements that reflect our future plans, estimates, beliefs and expected performance. The forward-looking statements are dependent upon events, risks and uncertainties that may be outside our control. Our actual results could differ materially from those discussed in these forward-looking statements. See "Item 3. Key Information—D. Risk Factors" and the section entitled "Forward-Looking Statements" at the beginning of this Annual Report. In light of these risks, uncertainties and assumptions, the forward-looking events discussed may not occur.
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A.            RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
Overview
We are a growth-oriented limited partnership focused on owning and operating LNG carriers.  As of the date of this Annual Report, five of the six vessels in our Fleet vessels are employed on multi-year time charters, which we define as charters of two years or more, with international energy companies, providing us with the benefits of stable cash flows and high utilization rates.  We intend to leverage the reputation, expertise, and relationships of our Sponsor and our Manager, in maintaining cost-efficient operations and providing reliable seaborne transportation services to our charterers. In addition, we intend to make further vessel acquisitions from our Sponsor and from third-parties and in connection with such acquisitions or in the ordinary course of our business, we may, from time to time, enter into new financing arrangements, refinance our existing arrangements or arrangements that our Sponsor, or any of its affiliates, has in place for vessels that we may acquire from it. In addition, subject to favorable market conditions we may raise capital through public or private debt or equity offerings of our securities. There is no guarantee that we will grow the size of our Fleet or that we will continue to pay the per unit distributions in the amounts that we have paid in the past or at all or that we will be able  to make further vessel acquisitions from our Sponsor or third-parties.
Principal Factors Affecting Our Results of Operations
The principal factors which have affected our results and are expected to affect our future results of operations and financial position, include:
·
Ownership days.  The number of vessels in our Fleet is a key factor in determining the level of our revenues. Aggregate expenses also increase as the size of our Fleet increases;
·
Charter rates. Our revenue is dependent on the charter rates we are able to obtain on our vessels. Charter rates on our vessels are based primarily on demand for and supply of LNG carrier capacity at the time we enter into the charters for our vessels, which is influenced by LNG market trends, such as the demand and supply for natural gas and in particular LNG as well as the supply of LNG carriers available for profitable employment. The charter rates we obtain are also dependent on whether we employ our vessels under multi-year charters or charters with initial terms of less than two years. As of the date of this Annual Report, five of the six vessels in our Fleet are employed under multiyear time charters with staggered maturities, which will make us less susceptible to cyclical fluctuations in charter rates than vessels operated on charters of less than two years. As of the date of this Annual Report, one of our LNG carriers is trading under a short-term contract prior to its delivery to Gazprom in July 2018, when it will commence a time charter with a term of approximately eight years. However, we will be exposed to fluctuations in prevailing charter rates when we seek to re-charter our vessels upon the expiry of their respective current charters and when we seek to charter vessels that we may acquire in the future;
·
Utilization of our Fleet. Historically, our Fleet has had a limited number of unscheduled off-hire days. However, an increase in annual off-hire days would reduce our utilization. The efficiency with which suitable employment is secured, the ability to minimize off-hire days and the amount of time spent positioning vessels also affects our results of operations. If the utilization of our Fleet is reduced, our financial results would be affected;
·
Daily operating expenses. The level of our vessel operating expenses, including crewing costs, insurance and maintenance costs. Our ability to control our vessel operating expenses also affects our financial results. These expenses include commission expenses, crew wages and related costs, the cost of insurance, expenses for repairs and maintenance, the cost of spares and consumable stores, lubricating oil costs, tonnage taxes and other miscellaneous expenses. In addition, factors beyond our control, such as developments relating to market premiums for insurance and the value of the U.S. dollar compared to currencies in which certain of our expenses, primarily crew wages, are paid, can cause our vessel operating expenses to increase;
·
Our ability to complete the scheduled dry-dockings of our three vessels in 2018 on time;
·
Our ability to exercise the options to purchase the Optional Vessels;
·
The timely delivery of the vessels we may acquire in the future;
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·
Our ability to maintain solid working relationships with our existing charterers and our ability to increase the number of our charterers through the development of new working relationships;
·
The performance of our charterer's obligations under their charter agreements;
·
The effective and efficient technical management of the vessels under our management agreements;
·
Our ability to obtain acceptable debt financing to fund our capital commitments;
·
The ability of our Sponsor to fund its capital commitments and take delivery of the Optional Vessels under construction;
·
The supply and demand relationship for LNG shipping services;
·
Our ability to obtain and maintain regulatory approvals and to satisfy technical, health, safety and compliance standards that meet our charterer's requirements;
·
Economic, regulatory, political and governmental conditions that affect shipping and the LNG industry, which includes changes in the number of new LNG importing countries and regions, as well as structural LNG market changes impacting LNG supply that may allow greater flexibility and competition of other energy sources with global LNG use;
·
Our ability to successfully employ our vessels at economically attractive rates, as our charters expire or are otherwise terminated;
·
Our access to capital required to acquire additional ships and/or to implement our business strategy;
·
Our level of debt, the related interest expense, our debt amortizations levels and the timing of required principal installments;
·
The level of our general and administrative expenses, including salaries and costs of consultants;
·
Our charterer's right for early termination of the charters under certain circumstances;
·
Performance of our counterparties and our charterer's ability to make charter payments to us; and
·
The level of any distribution on all classes of our units.
The following table illustrates our ownership days, Available Days, Revenue Earning Days, Time Charter Equivalent (or TCE) rate, daily operating expenses and Fleet Utilization for the periods presented:
   
Year Ended December 31,
 
 
(expressed in United states dollars except for operational data)
 
2017
   
2016
   
2015
 
Ownership days
   
2,190.0
     
2,196.0
     
1,836.0
 
Available Days (1)
   
2,140.3
     
2,196.0
     
1,836.0
 
Revenue Earning Days (2)
   
2,089.1
     
2,195.8
     
1,813.5
 
Time Charter Equivalent (1)
 
$
63,249
   
$
75,997
   
$
77,559
 
Daily operating expenses
 
$
12,359
   
$
12,045
   
$
12,660
 
Fleet Utilization (1)
   
98
%
   
100
%
   
99
%

(1) For these definitions see Important Financial and Operational Terms and Concepts and "Item 3. Key information—A. Selected Financial Data"
(2) Revenue Earning Days are the total number of Available Days of our vessels net of unscheduled off-hire days, during a period.

See "Item 3. Key Information—D. Risk Factors" for a discussion of certain risks inherent in our business.

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Important Financial and Operational Terms and Concepts
We use a variety of financial and operational terms and concepts when analyzing our performance. These include the following:
Voyage Revenues. Our time charter revenues are driven primarily by the number of vessels in our Fleet, the amount of daily charter hire that our LNG carriers earn under time charters and the number of Revenue Earning Days during which our vessels generate revenues. These factors are, in turn, affected by our decisions relating to vessel acquisitions, the amount of time that our LNG carriers spend dry-docked undergoing repairs, maintenance and upgrade work, the age, condition and specifications of our vessels and the levels of supply and demand in the LNG carrier charter market. Our revenues will also be affected if any of our charterers cancel a time charter or if we agree to renegotiate charter terms during the term of a charter resulting in aggregate revenue reduction. Our time charter arrangements have been contracted in varying rate environments and expire at different times. We recognize revenues from time charters over the term of the charter as the applicable vessel operates under the charter. Under time charters, revenue is not recognized during days a vessel is off-hire. Revenue is recognized from delivery of the vessel to the charterer, until the end of the time charter period. Under time charters, we are responsible for providing the crewing and other services related to the vessel's operations, the cost of which is included in the daily hire rate, except when off-hire.
Off-hire (Including Commercial Waiting Time). When a vessel is "off-hire"—or not available for service—the charterer generally is not required to pay the time charter hire rate and we are responsible for all costs. Prolonged off-hire may lead to vessel substitution or termination of a time charter. Our vessels may be out of service, that is, off-hire, for several reasons: scheduled dry-docking, special survey, vessel upgrade or maintenance or inspection, which we refer to as scheduled off-hire; days spent waiting or positioning for a charter, which we refer to as commercial waiting time; and unscheduled repairs, maintenance, operational efficiencies, equipment breakdown, accidents, crewing strikes, certain vessel detentions or similar problems, or our failure to maintain the vessel in compliance with its specifications and contractual standards or to provide the required crew, which we refer to as unscheduled off-hire. We have obtained loss of hire insurance to protect us against loss of income in the event one of our vessels cannot be employed due to damage that is covered under the terms of our hull and machinery insurance. Under our loss of hire policies, our insurer generally will pay us the hire rate agreed in respect of each vessel for each day in excess of 14 days and with a maximum period of 120 days.
Voyage Expenses. Voyage expenses primarily include port and canal charges, bunker (fuel) expenses and agency fees which are paid for by the charterer under our time charter arrangements or by us during periods of off-hire except for commissions, which are always paid for by us. We may incur voyage related expenses when positioning or repositioning vessels before or after the period of a time charter, during periods of commercial waiting time or while off-hire during a period of dry-docking. Voyage expenses can be higher when vessels trade on charters with initial terms of less than two years due to fuel consumption during idling, cool down requirements, commercial waiting time in between charters and positioning and repositioning costs. From time to time, in accordance with industry practice, we pay commissions ranging up to 1.25% of the total daily charter rate under the charters to unaffiliated ship brokers, depending on the number of brokers involved with arranging the charter. These commissions do not include the fees we pay to our Manager, which are described below under "—Management Fees."
Available Days. Available days are the total number of ownership days our vessels were in our possession during a period, less the total number of scheduled off-hire days during the period associated with major repairs, or dry-dockings.
Average Number of Vessels. Average number of vessels is the number of vessels that constituted our Fleet for the relevant period, as measured by the sum of the number of days each vessel was a part of our Fleet during the period divided by the number of ownership days in the period.
Fleet utilization. We calculate fleet utilization by dividing the number of our Revenue Earning Days by the number of our Available Days during that period. The shipping industry uses fleet utilization to measure a company's efficiency in finding employment for its vessels and minimizing the amount of days that its vessels are off-hire for reasons such as unscheduled repairs but excluding scheduled off-hires for vessel upgrades, dry-dockings or special or intermediate surveys.
Vessel Operating Expenses. Vessel operating expenses include crew wages and related costs, the cost of insurance, expenses for repairs and maintenance, the cost of spares and consumable stores, lubricant costs, statutory and classification expenses, forwarding and communications expenses and other miscellaneous expenses.
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Vessel operating expenses are paid by the ship-owner under time charters and are recognized as expenses when incurred. We expect that insurance costs, dry-docking and maintenance costs will increase as our vessels age. Factors beyond our control, some of which may affect the shipping industry in general—for instance, developments relating to market premiums for insurance, industry and regulatory requirements and changes in the market price of lubricants due to increases in oil prices—may also cause vessel operating expenses to increase.
Dry-docking. We must periodically dry-dock each of our vessels for inspection, repairs and maintenance and any modifications required to comply with industry certification or governmental requirements. In accordance with industry certification requirements, we mandatorily dry-dock our vessels every 60 months until the vessel is 15 years old. If a vessel is less than 15 years old, an "in water survey in lieu of dry-dock" can take place in between the two special surveys, which statutorily must occur every five years. For vessels that are 15 years or older, dry-docking takes place every 30 months as required for the renewal of certifications required by classification societies, or, subject to special considerations, an "in water survey in lieu of dry-dock" can take place between the two special surveys. Special survey and dry-docking costs (consisting of direct costs, including shipyard costs, paints and class renewal expense, and peripheral costs, including spare parts, service engineer attendance) are expensed as incurred. The number of dry-dockings undertaken in a given period and the nature of the work performed determine the level of dry-docking expenditures. We expense costs related to routine repairs and maintenance performed during dry-docking or as otherwise incurred. The three steam turbine vessels in our Fleet completed their most recent scheduled special survey and dry-docking repairs in 2017. The next scheduled special survey and dry-docking repairs are for the three TDFE propulsion system vessels in our Fleet which are scheduled to occur in 2018.
Depreciation. We depreciate our LNG carriers on a straight-line basis over their remaining useful economic lives. Depreciation is based on the cost of the vessel less its estimated salvage value. We estimate the useful life of the LNG carriers in our Fleet to be 35 years from their initial delivery from the shipyard, consistent with LNG industry practice. Vessel residual value is estimated based on historical market trends and represents Management's best estimate of the current selling price assuming the vessels are already of age and condition expected at the end of its useful life. The assumptions made reflect our experience, market conditions and the current practice in the LNG industry; however they required more discretion since there is a lack of historical references in scrap prices of similar types of vessels.
Interest and Finance Costs. We incur interest expense on outstanding indebtedness under our existing debt agreements which we include in interest and finance costs. Interest expense depends on our overall level of borrowings and may significantly increase when we acquire or refinance ships. Interest expense may also change with prevailing interest rates, although interest rate swaps or other derivative instruments may reduce the effect of these changes. We also incur financing and legal costs in connection with establishing debt agreements, which are deferred and amortized to interest and finance costs using the effective interest method. We will incur additional interest expense in the future on our outstanding borrowings and under future borrowings. For a description of our existing credit facilities, please see "—B. Liquidity and Capital Resources—Our Borrowing Activities."
Vessel Lives and Impairment. Vessels are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. If circumstances require a long-lived asset or asset group to be tested for possible impairment, we first compare the undiscounted cash flows expected to be generated by that asset or asset group to its carrying value. If the carrying value of the long lived asset is not recoverable on an undiscounted cash flow basis, impairment is recognized to the extent that the carrying value exceeds its fair value. Fair value is determined through various valuation techniques including discounted cash flow models, quoted market values and third-party independent appraisals as considered necessary. Since our inception, no impairment loss was recorded in any of our Fleet Vessels.
Insurance
Hull and Machinery Insurance. We have obtained hull and machinery insurance on all our vessels to insure against marine and war risks, which include the risks of damage to our vessels, salvage and towing costs, and also insures against actual or constructive total loss of any of our vessels. However, our insurance policies contain deductible amounts for which we will be responsible. We have also arranged additional total loss coverage for each vessel. This coverage, which is called disbursements increased value coverage, provides us additional coverage in the event of the total loss or the constructive total loss of a vessel. The agreed deductible on each vessel averages $250,000.
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Loss of Hire Insurance. We have obtained loss of hire insurance to protect us against loss of income in the event one of our vessels cannot be employed due to damage that is covered under the terms of our hull and machinery insurance. Under our loss of hire policies, our insurer will pay us the hire rate agreed in respect of each vessel for each day, in excess of a certain number of deductible days, for the time that the vessel is out of service as a result of damage, for a maximum of 120 days. The number of deductible days for the vessels in our Fleet is 14 days per vessel.
Protection and Indemnity Insurance. Protection and indemnity insurance, which covers our third-party legal liabilities in connection with our shipping activities, is provided by a mutual protection and indemnity association, or P&I club. This includes third-party liability and other expenses related to the injury or death of crew members, passengers and other third-party persons, loss or damage to cargo, claims arising from collisions with other vessels or from contact with jetties or wharves and other damage to other third-party property, including pollution arising from oil or other substances, and other related costs, including wreck removal. Our current protection and indemnity insurance coverage is unlimited, except for pollution, which is limited to $1 billion per vessel per incident.
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
The discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations is based upon our consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP. We are an "emerging growth company," as defined in the JOBS Act. We have elected to take advantage of the reduced reporting obligations, including the extended transition period for complying with new or revised accounting standards under Section 102 of the JOBS Act, and as such, the information that we provide to our unitholders may be different from information provided by other public companies and our financial statements may not be comparable to companies that comply with public company effective dates. The preparation of those financial statements requires us to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, revenues and expenses and related disclosure at the date of our financial statements. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions and conditions.
Critical accounting policies are those that reflect significant judgments of uncertainties and potentially result in materially different results under different assumptions and conditions. For a description of all our significant accounting policies, see Note 2 to our consolidated financial statements included under "Item 18. Financial Statements" of this Annual Report.
Voyage Revenues
We recognize revenues from time charters over the term of the charter as the applicable vessel operates under the charter. Under time charters, revenue is not recognized during days a vessel is off-hire. Revenue is recognized from delivery of the vessel to the charterer, until the end of the time charter period. Under time charters, we are responsible for providing the crewing and other services related to vessel's operations, the cost of which is included in the daily hire rate, except when off-hire. Revenues are affected by charter rates and the number of days a vessel operates.
Our time charter revenues are driven primarily by the number of vessels in our Fleet, the amount of daily charter hire that our vessels earn under time charters and the number of Revenue Earning Days during which our vessels generate revenues. These factors are, in turn, affected by our decisions relating to vessel acquisitions, the amount of time that we spend positioning our vessels, the amount of time that our vessels spend in dry-dock undergoing repairs, maintenance and upgrade work, the age, condition and specifications of our vessels and the levels of supply and demand in the LNG carrier charter market.
Our strategic goal is to employ the LNG carriers in our Fleet primarily on multi-year time charter contracts, which for accounting purposes are considered as operating leases and are thus recognized on a straight line basis over the term of such charter agreements, as service is performed. Revenues under our time charters are recognized when services are performed, revenue is earned and the collection of the revenue is reasonably assured.
Advance payments under time charter contracts are classified as liabilities until such time as the revenue recognition criteria are met. Our revenues will be affected by the acquisition of any additional vessels in the future subject to time charters. Our revenues will also be affected if any of our charterers terminate early or cancel a time charter that has not yet commenced or if we agree to renegotiate charter terms during the term of a charter resulting in aggregate revenue reduction or increase. Our time charter arrangements have been contracted in varying rate environments and expire at different times. Rates payable in the market for LNG carriers have been uncertain and volatile as has the supply and demand for LNG carriers.
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Intangible assets/liabilities related to time charter acquired
Where we identify any assets or liabilities associated with the acquisition of a vessel, we record all such identified assets or liabilities at fair value, determined by reference to market data. The amount to be recorded as an asset or liability at the date of vessel acquisition is determined by comparing the existing charter rate in the acquired time charter agreement with the market rates for equivalent time charter agreements prevailing at the time the vessel is acquired.  When the present value of the time charter assumed is greater than the current fair value of such charter, the difference is recorded as an asset; otherwise, the difference is recorded as liability. Such assets and liabilities, respectively, are amortized as an adjustment to revenues, over the remaining term of the assumed time charter and are classified as non-current asset/ liability in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. Impairment testing is performed when events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of the intangible asset may not be recoverable.
Vessels Lives and Impairment
The carrying value of a vessel represents its historical acquisition or construction cost, including capitalized interest, supervision, technical and delivery cost, net of accumulated depreciation and impairment loss, if any. Expenditures for subsequent conversions and major improvements are capitalized provided that such costs increase the earnings capacity or improve the efficiency or safety of the vessels.
We depreciate the original cost, less an estimated residual value, of our LNG carriers on a straight-line basis over each vessel's estimated useful life. The carrying values of our vessels may not represent their market value at any point in time because the market prices tend to fluctuate with changes in hire rates and the cost of newbuilds. Both hire rates and newbuild costs tend to be cyclical in nature.
We review vessels for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate the carrying value of an asset may not be recoverable, which occurs when the asset's carrying value is greater than the future undiscounted cash flows the asset is expected to generate over its remaining useful life. We determine undiscounted projected net operating cash flows for each vessel and compare it to the vessel's carrying value. In developing estimates of future cash flows, we must make assumptions about future charter rates, vessel operating expenses, fleet utilization, and the estimated remaining useful life of the vessels. These assumptions are based on historical trends as well as future expectations. The projected net operating cash flows are determined by considering the charter revenues from existing time charters for the fixed fleet days and an estimated charter rate for the unfixed days. If the estimated future undiscounted cash flows of an asset exceed the asset's carrying value, no impairment is recognized even though the fair value of the asset may be lower than its carrying value. If the estimated future undiscounted cash flows of an asset is less than the asset's carrying value and the fair value of the asset is less than its carrying value, the asset is written down to its fair value. Historically, there was no impairment loss recorded in any of the six vessels in our Fleet.
We determine the fair value of our vessels based on our estimates and assumptions and by making use of available market data and taking into consideration third-party valuations. We employ our LNG carriers on fixed-rate charters with major companies. These charters typically have original terms of two or more years in length. Consequently, while the market value of a vessel may decline below its carrying value, the carrying value of a vessel may still be recoverable based on the future undiscounted cash flows the vessel is expected to obtain from servicing its existing and future charters.
Depreciation on our LNG carriers is calculated using an estimated useful life of 35 years, commencing at the date the vessel was originally delivered from the shipyard. However, the actual life of a vessel may be different than the estimated useful life, with a shorter actual useful life resulting in an increase in the depreciation and potentially resulting in an impairment loss. The estimated useful life of our LNG carriers takes into account design life, commercial considerations and regulatory restrictions. Our estimates of future cash flows involve assumptions about future hire rates, vessel utilization, operating expenses, dry-docking expenditures, vessel residual values and the remaining estimated life of our vessels. Our estimated hire rates are based on rates under existing vessel charters and an estimated charter rate for the unfixed periods. Our estimates of vessel utilization, including estimated off-hire time are based on historical experience of trading our vessels and our projections of future chartering prospects. Our estimates of operating expenses and dry-docking expenditures are based on our historical operating and dry-docking costs and our expectations of future inflation and operating requirements. Vessel residual values are based on our estimation over our vessels sale price at the end of their useful life, being a product of a vessel's lightweight tonnage and an estimated scrap rate and the estimated resale price of certain equipment and material. The remaining estimated lives of our vessels used in our estimates of future cash flows are consistent with those used in the calculation of depreciation.
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Certain assumptions relating to our estimates of future cash flows are more predictable by their nature in our experience, including estimated revenue under existing charter terms, on-going operating costs and remaining vessel life. Certain assumptions relating to our estimates of future cash flows require more discretion and are inherently less predictable, such as future hire rates beyond the firm period of existing charters and vessel residual values, due to factors such as the volatility in vessel hire rates and the lack of historical references in scrap prices of similar type of vessels. We believe that the assumptions used to estimate future cash flows of our vessels are reasonable at the time they are made. We can make no assurances, however, as to whether our estimates of future cash flows, particularly future vessel hire rates or vessel values, will be accurate. If we conclude that a vessel is impaired, we recognize a loss in an amount equal to the excess of the carrying value of the asset over its fair value at the date of impairment. The fair value at the date of the impairment becomes the new cost basis and will result in a lower depreciation expense than for periods before the recorded vessel impairment loss.
The table set forth below indicates the carrying value of each of our vessels as of December 31, 2017 and 2016.
               
Carrying Value
(in millions of US dollars)
 
Vessel
 
Capacity
(cbm)
   
Year Built/
Purchased
   
December 31,
2017
   
December 31,
2016
 
Clean Energy
   
149,700
     
2007
   
$
129.6
   
$
134.1
 
Ob River
   
149,700
     
2007
     
129.7
     
134.1
 
Amur River
   
149,700
     
2008
     
139.5
     
144.2
 
Arctic Aurora
   
155,000
     
2014
     
191.0
     
196.5
 
Yenisei River
   
155,000
     
2014
     
179.0
     
184.2
 
Lena River
   
155,000
     
2015
     
208.5
     
214.6
 
TOTAL
   
914,100
           
$
977.3
   
$
1,007.7
 

As of December 31, 2017, we tested two of the vessels in our Fleet for potential impairment.  In assessing the recoverability of our vessels' carrying amounts, the undiscounted projected net operating cash flows of the vessels significantly exceeded their carrying amounts resulting in no impairment loss being recognized. As of December 31, 2016, we did not identify any events and circumstances indicating potential impairment to the carrying value of our long-lived assets. As such, we were not required and did not perform an impairment test. We refer you to the risk factor entitled "Vessel values may fluctuate substantially and, if these values are lower at a time when we are attempting to dispose of vessels, we may incur a loss" and the discussion herein under the heading "Item 3. Key Information—D. Risk Factors —Risks relating to our Partnership."
Our estimates of basic market value assume that our vessels are all in good and seaworthy condition without need for repair and if inspected would be certified in class without notations of any kind. Our estimates are based on information available from various industry sources, including:
·
reports by industry analysts and data providers that focus on our industry and related dynamics affecting vessel values;
·
news and industry reports of similar vessel sales;
·
news and industry reports of sales of vessels that are not similar to our vessels where we have made certain adjustments in an attempt to derive information that can be used as part of our estimates;
·
approximate market values for our vessels or similar vessels that we have received from shipbrokers, whether solicited or unsolicited, or that shipbrokers have generally disseminated;
·
vessel sale prices and values of which we are aware through both formal and informal communications with ship-owners, shipbrokers, industry analysts and various other shipping industry participants and observers.
As we obtain information from various industry and other sources, our estimates of basic market value are inherently uncertain. In addition, vessel values are highly volatile; as such, our estimates may not be indicative of the current or future basic market value of our vessels or prices that we could achieve if we were to sell them.
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Depreciation
We depreciate our vessels on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives, after considering their estimated residual values. Management estimates residual value of our vessels to be equal to the product of its lightweight tonnage ("LWT") and an estimated scrap rate per LWT per LNG carrier, which represents our estimate of the market value of the ship at the end of its useful life. Useful economic live of each vessel in our Fleet is estimated to be 35 years from their initial delivery from the shipyard.  A decrease in the useful life of a vessel or in its residual value would have the effect of increasing the annual depreciation charge. When regulations place limitations over the ability of a vessel to trade on a worldwide basis, its remaining useful life is adjusted at the date such regulations become effective.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
For a discussion on Recent Accounting Pronouncements, see Note 2 to our consolidated financial statements included in this Annual Report.
Results of Operations
Year ended December 31, 2017 compared to the year ended December 31, 2016
Voyage Revenues.   Voyage revenues decreased by $30.9 million, or 18.2%, to $139.0 million in the year ended December 31, 2017, compared to $169.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2016.
This decrease was primarily due to:

(i)
the lower charter rate earned and the lower utilization achieved for the Clean Energy while trading in the spot market after its delivery from Shell and the conclusion of its scheduled dry-dock and special-survey repairs in the second quarter of 2017 in comparison to the corresponding period of 2016 during which the vessel was fully utilized with Shell at significantly higher rate,
(ii)
the charter hire reductions on the Yenisei River and the Lena River charters with Gazprom, with effect from November 2016, in exchange for entering into a time charter contract with Gazprom for the employment of the Clean Energy for a firm period of seven years and nine months, and
(iii)
the anticipated off hire periods for the Clean Energy, the Ob River and the Amur River relating to the scheduled dry-dock of these vessels in 2017, during which periods we earned no revenues (as opposed to no off-hire days in 2016).
Voyage Expenses—including related party.   In the year ended December 31, 2017, voyage expenses increased to $3.6 million, compared to $3.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2016, representing an increase of $0.6 million or 22.2%.
This increase in voyage expenses was associated with bunkers consumed during:
(i)
the scheduled dry-dock periods for the three steam turbine vessels in our Fleet that were completed in 2017, as discussed above,
(ii)
idle and repositioning periods for the Clean Energy during 2017 during which periods the cost of bunkers is borne by us, and
(iii)
the short off hire periods of the Yenisei River in the first quarter of 2017 and the Ob River in the second quarter of 2017.
Vessels' Operating Expenses. Vessel operating expenses increased by 2.3%, or $0.6 million, to $27.1 million during the year ended December 31, 2017, from $26.5 million during the year ended December 31, 2016. Our daily operating expenses, increased from $12,045 for the year ended December 31, 2016 to $12,359 for the year ended December 31, 2017. This increase is primarily associated with anticipated and unanticipated repair and maintenance costs incurred on our TFDE vessels and other minor non-frequent operating expenditures incurred with respect to our three steam turbine vessels which were dry-docked in 2017.
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Dry-docking and special survey costs.   Dry-docking and special survey costs amounted to $6.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2017 and are associated with the relevant repairs that the three steam turbine vessels in our Fleet, the Ob River , the Clean Energy and the Amur River , underwent in the second and third quarters of 2017. None of our vessels were dry-docked in 2016.
General and administrative expenses—including related party. General and administrative expenses decreased by 10.6%, or $0.2 million, to $1.7 million during the year ended December 31, 2017, from $1.9 million during the year ended December 31, 2016. General and administrative expenses are comprised mainly of legal, consultancy, audit, executive services, administrative services and Board of Directors fees as well as other miscellaneous expenditures, essential to conduct our business.
Management Fees. We incurred an aggregate of $6.2 million, or $2,814 per LNG carrier per day in management fees for the year ended December 31, 2017, compared to an aggregate of $6.0 million, or $2,732 per LNG carrier per day in management fees for the year ended December 31, 2016. The 2.7%, or $0.2 million, increase in management fees is attributable to the annual 3% increase in daily management fees pursuant to our Management Agreements.
Depreciation. Depreciation expense decreased by 0.3%, or $0.1 million, to $30.3 million in the year ended December 31, 2017, compared to $30.4 million in the corresponding period in 2016 and this is due to a differential in the number of calendar days between the compared periods.
Interest and Finance Costs. Interest and finance costs increased by 32.3%, to $46.3 million, during the year ended December 31, 2017, from $35.0 million during the year ended December 31, 2016.
This increase is predominantly due to:
(i)
the increase in weighted average interest in the year ended December 31, 2017, as compared to the corresponding period of 2016 (weighted average interest rate of 5.4% in 2017 compared to 4.4% in 2016), which was mainly attributable to increased debt service costs associated with the Term Loan B facility that we entered into on May 18, 2017,
(ii)
the $2.6 million deferred loan fees write-off associated with the prior indebtedness refinanced with the proceeds of the Term Loan B and the increase by $0.8 million in period deferred finance fees amortization due to our entering into the Term Loan B, and
(iii)
other finance costs incurred in connection with the repaid bank loans following the refinancing of our bank debt in May 2017 as a part of the Term Loan B transaction.
Year ended December 31, 2016 compared to the year ended December 31, 2015
Voyage Revenues.   Voyage revenues increased by $24.6 million, or 17.0%, to $169.9 million in the year ended December 31, 2016, compared to $145.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2015. This growth in revenues is almost exclusively associated with the contribution to operations for a full year of the Lena River , the third Initial Optional Vessel we acquired from our Sponsor in late 2015. As a result of this fleet expansion, our Revenue Earning Days increased from 1,813.5 to 2,195.8, respectively, in the compared periods.
Voyage Expenses—including related party. Voyage expenses are historically primarily comprised of charter hire commissions charged by both affiliated and unaffiliated parties. As such, an increase in operating revenues is closely correlated with an increase in voyage expenses, as commissions are incurred as revenues are earned; however, not all our vessels bear voyage commissions. In the year ended December 31, 2016, voyage expenses increased by $0.2 million, or 5.6%, to $3.0 million, compared to $2.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2015, which was attributable to the increase in voyage revenues, as discussed above.

Vessels' Operating Expenses. Vessel operating expenses increased by $3.2 million, or 13.8%, to $26.5 million during the year ended December 31, 2016, from $23.2 million during the year ended December 31, 2015. This increase was exclusively associated with the operation of a larger fleet in 2016 following the Lena River acquisition late in 2015. Our daily operating expenses, however, decreased from $12,660 for the year ended December 31, 2015 to $12,045 for the year ended December 31, 2016, which was attributable to cost efficiencies in crew wages and crew-related expenses.
  General and administrative expenses—including related party. General and administrative expenses increased by $0.1 million, or 4.4%, to $1.9 million during the year ended December 31, 2016, from $1.8 million during the year ended December 31, 2015. General and administrative expenses are comprised mainly of legal, consultancy, audit, executive services, administrative services and Board of Directors fees as well as other miscellaneous expenditures, essential to conduct our business.
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Management Fees. We incurred an aggregate of $6.0 million, or $2,732 per LNG carrier per day in management fees for the year ended December 31, 2016, compared to an aggregate of $4.9 million, or $2,652 per LNG carrier per day in management fees for the year ended December 31, 2015. The 23.2%, or $1.1 million, increase in management fees is predominantly attributable to the increase in Fleet calendar days as a result of the increase in the average number of vessels that comprised our Fleet during 2016, compared to 2015, and to the annual 3% increase in daily management fees pursuant to our Management Agreements.
Depreciation. Depreciation expense increased by $6.0 million, or 24.6%, to $30.4 million in the year ended December 31, 2016, compared to $24.4 million in the corresponding period in 2015. This increase is primarily attributable to the ownership and operation of the Lena River , which we acquired in late 2015, for a full year, which increased our Fleet ownership days from 1,836 in 2015 to 2,196 in 2016.
Interest and Finance Costs. Interest and finance costs increased to $35.0 million, or 25.1%, during the year ended December 31, 2016, from $28.0 million during the year ended December 31, 2015. This increase is predominantly due to the increase in weighted average outstanding indebtedness in the year ended December 31, 2016, as compared to the corresponding period of 2015 (from $571.4 million in 2015 to $741.6 in 2016), which was mainly the result of the financing arrangement we entered into in connection with the Lena River acquisition and to a lesser extent to the increase in the margin levels on our $340 Million Revolving Credit Facility.
B.
LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES
Liquidity and Cash Needs
We operate in a capital-intensive industry and we expect to finance the purchase of additional vessels and other capital expenditures through a combination of borrowings from debt transactions, cash generated from operations and equity financings. Our liquidity requirements relate to servicing the principal and interest on our debt, paying distributions, when, as and if declared by our Board of Directors, funding capital expenditures and working capital and maintaining cash reserves for the purpose of satisfying a certain liquidity covenant contained in our 2019 Notes. Our funding and treasury activities are intended to maximize investment returns while maintaining appropriate liquidity.
For the year ended December 31, 2017, our principal sources of funds were our operating cash flows and borrowings under certain of our debt facilities. In accordance with our Partnership Agreement, we are further required to distribute all of our available cash to unitholders each quarter. We frequently monitor our capital needs by projecting our fixed income, expenses and debt obligations, and seek to maintain adequate cash reserves to compensate for any budget overruns. Our short-term liquidity requirements are primarily the servicing of our debt and, funding working capital, including vessel operating expenses and payments under our management agreements. Our long-term liquidity requirements relate to funding capital expenditures, including the acquisition of additional vessels and the repayment of our long-term debt.
In accordance with our business strategy, other liquidity needs may relate to funding potential investments (including investments in the Optional Vessels or other third-party acquisitions) and maintaining cash reserves against fluctuations in operating cash flows. Because we distribute all of our available cash, we expect that we will rely upon external financing sources, including bank borrowings and the issuance of debt and equity securities, to fund acquisitions and other expansion capital expenditures. Cash and cash equivalents are held in U.S. dollars. We have not made use of derivative instruments in any of the periods presented in the financial statements accompanying this Annual Report.
We may exercise our options granted to us under the Omnibus Agreement to purchase the Optional Vessels during specified periods. To the extent we exercise any of these options, we will incur additional payment obligations. As of the date of this Annual Report, we have not secured any other financing in connection with the potential acquisition of the Optional Vessels since it is uncertain if and when such purchase options will be exercised.
Cash
As of December 31, 2017, we reported cash of $67.5 million (including free cash liquidity requirements imposed by our 2019 Notes) which represented a decreased of $15.1 million, or 18.3%, compared to $82.6 million, including minimum cash liquidity requirements imposed by our lenders, as of December 31, 2016.
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Working capital position
Working capital is equal to current assets minus current liabilities, including the current portion of long-term debt. As of December 31, 2017, we had a working capital surplus of $47.5 million as compared to $7.1 million as of December 31, 2016 which is the result on the strengthening of the Partnership's balance sheet following the Term Loan B refinancing. Following the Term Loan B refinancing transaction, our recurring short debt service requirements decreased by $27.7 million and we were released of the requirement to maintain $25.0 million of restricted cash imposed under our refinanced commercial bank loans.
Taking into account the overall LNG market conditions, we believe that our current sources of funds and those that we anticipate to internally generate for a period of at least the next twelve months, will be sufficient to fund the operations of our Fleet, and to meet our normal working capital requirements, service our principal and interest debt, and make at least the required distribution on our Series A Preferred Units in accordance with our Partnership Agreement.
Equity Offerings (following the IPO) impacting our cash flows
On June 18, 2014, we completed our underwritten public offering of 4,800,000 common units at $22.79 common per unit, and on the same date, the underwriters in the offering exercised their option to purchase an additional 720,000 common units at the same public offering price. The net proceeds of the offering were $120.5 million which were used to finance a portion of the purchase price of the Arctic Aurora, the   first Initial Optional Vessel that we acquired from our Sponsor.
On July 20, 2015, we completed our underwritten public offering of the Series A Preferred Units at $25.00 per unit. The net proceeds of this offering were $72.3 million and were used to partially finance the Lena River acquisition, the   third dropdown vessel from our Sponsor. The Series A Preferred Units are listed on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol "DLNG PR A".
Our Borrowing Activities
As of December 31, 2017, we had $727.6 million of indebtedness outstanding under our debt agreements (discussed below) and had access to $30.0 million of available borrowing capacity under our $30 million Sponsor facility. As of December 31, 2017, we were in compliance with all the financial and liquidity covenants contained in our debt agreements.
$30 Million Revolving Credit Facility
On November 18, 2013, concurrently with the consummation of our IPO, we entered into an interest free $30.0 million revolving credit facility with our Sponsor, with an original term of five years from the closing date, to be used for general partnership purposes. No amounts have been drawn under the facility since 2013 (amounts drawn in 2013 were fully repaid in early 2014).
$340 Million Senior Secured Revolving Credit Facility
On June 19, 2014, we entered into our $340 Million Credit Facility in order to repay in full on June 23, 2014 amounts then outstanding under our senior secured revolving credit facility, which we entered into on November 14, 2013 in connection with the closing of the IPO, to fund a portion of the purchase price for the Arctic Aurora and the related charter. The facility was secured by a first priority or preferred cross-collateralized mortgage on each of the Amur River, the Ob River , the Clean Energy and the Arctic Aurora , a specific assignment of the existing charters and a first assignment of earnings and insurances in relation to those vessels. Our wholly-owned subsidiaries that directly own the collateral vessels served as the borrowers under the facility and we and Dynagas Equity Holding Ltd. and Dynagas Operating LP, our wholly-owned subsidiaries, served as guarantors. The facility bore interest at LIBOR plus a margin and was previously repayable in consecutive equal quarterly payments of $5.0 million.
On May 18, 2017, the $280.0 million then outstanding under the $340 Million Credit Facility was fully repaid from the net proceeds of the Term Loan B (discussed more fully below). Upon repayment, the minimum liquidity restrictions imposed on us by the facility elapsed and our $25.0 million of restricted cash was therefore released at the closing date of the Term Loan B transaction.
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$200 Million Term Loan Facility
On December 17, 2015, two of our wholly-owned vessel owning subsidiaries, Navajo Marine Limited and Solana Holding Ltd., entered, on a joint and several basis as borrowers, into the $200 Million Term Loan Facility with a group of lenders and ABN Amro NV, as agent. A substantial part of the proceeds from this facility were used to partially finance the Lena River acquisition, while the unused portion of the proceeds, was used or was intended to be used for investing and other working capital purposes. The facility had a five year maturity profile, bore interest at LIBOR plus a margin and was repayable in 20 consecutive equal quarterly installments of approximately $1.56 million and a balloon payment at maturity in December 2020. The $200 Million Term Loan Facility was guaranteed by us and was secured by, among other things, a first priority cross-collateralized mortgage on each of the Yenisei River and the Lena River , a first priority specific assignment of the existing time charters of the vessels, a first priority assignment of all insurances and earnings of the vessels and an assignment of any subsequent time charter of a duration of more than twelve months.
On May 18, 2017, the $184.4 million then outstanding under the $200 Million Term Loan Facility was fully repaid from the net proceeds of the Term Loan B. Upon repayment, we were released from all cash-related restrictions that required the borrowers under the facility to maintain certain minimum liquidity levels on a per vessel basis and to maintain and transfer funds to designated accounts for each vessel.
Senior Unsecured Notes due 2019
On September 15, 2014, we issued $250.0 million aggregate principal amount of our 6.25% Senior Unsecured Notes due 2019, or our 2019 Notes.  The Notes mature on October 30, 2019 and bear interest at the rate of 6.25% per year, payable quarterly in arrears on the 30th day of January, April, July and October of each year, commencing on October 30, 2014.  The 2019 Notes are senior unsecured obligations that rank senior to any of our future subordinated debt and rank equally in right of payment with all of our existing and future unsecured and unsubordinated debt.  The 2019 Notes effectively rank junior to our existing and future secured debt, to the extent of the value of the assets securing such debt as well as to existing and future debt and other liabilities of our subsidiaries. The 2019 Notes were issued in minimum denominations of $1,000 and integral multiples of $1,000 in excess thereof. The 2019 Notes are listed on the NYSE under the symbol "DLNG 19." The net proceeds of the 2019 Notes were used to finance the majority of the purchase price of the Yenisei River .
If a Change of Control (as defined in the Indenture for the 2019 Notes) occurs, holders of the 2019 Notes have the right, at their option, to require us to purchase any or all of such holders' 2019 Notes at a purchase price of 101% of the principal amount of the 2019 Notes to be purchased, plus accrued and unpaid interest.
The indenture governing the 2019 Notes requires us to maintain a certain level of minimum net worth, meaning our total assets, less intangible assets les our total borrowings. In addition, we are required to, at any time during the term of the 2019 Notes to maintain aggregate free liquidity of at least $20.0 million.
If an event of default or an event or circumstance which, with the giving of any notice or the lapse of time, would constitute an event of default under the 2019 Notes has occurred and is continuing, or we are not in compliance with certain  financial covenants under the indenture, then none of the Partnership or any subsidiary will be permitted to declare or pay any dividends or return any capital to its equity holders (other than the Partnership or a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Partnership) or authorize or make any other distribution, payment or delivery of property or cash to its equity holders (other than the Partnership or a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Partnership), or redeem, retire, purchase or otherwise acquire, directly or indirectly, for value, any interest of any class or series of its equity interests (or acquire any rights, options or warrants relating thereto but not including convertible debt) now or hereafter outstanding and held by persons other than the Partnership or any wholly-owned subsidiary, or repay any subordinated loans to equity holders (other than the Partnership or a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Partnership) or set aside any funds for any of the foregoing purposes.
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Term Loan B
On May 18, 2017, pursuant to the terms of a credit agreement, Arctic LNG Carriers Ltd. and Dynagas Finance LLC, our wholly-owned subsidiaries, as co-borrowers, entered into the $480.0 Million Term Loan B.  The net proceeds of the Term Loan B were used to refinance and repay in full the indebtedness outstanding under the Partnership's existing $340 Million Credit Facility and the $200 Million Term Loan Facility, in an aggregate amount of $464.4 million and to pay $12.6 million of fees and expenses related to the transaction. The Term Loan B bears interest at LIBOR plus a margin and provides for 0.25% quarterly amortization on the principal and a bullet payment at maturity, in May 2023. The Term Loan B is secured by, among other, first priority mortgages on the six vessels in our Fleet, a first priority specific assignment of the existing time charters, a first priority assignment of all insurances and earnings of the vessels and pledges on certain deposit accounts of Arctic LNG and its vessel owning subsidiaries and is guaranteed by the Partnership, certain of the Partnership's subsidiaries and the vessel-owning subsidiaries of Arctic LNG.   Following the Term Loan B refinancing transaction our minimum liquidity requirements elapsed and, as of the date of this Annual Report, all of our cash remains unrestricted in nature.
The Term Loan B contains negative covenants customary for facilities of this type, including, among others, limitations on indebtedness, asset sales, restricted payments (with the ability to distribute available cash subject to no event of default and compliance with certain financial covenants) and transactions with affiliates (other than amendments or supplements to or entry into vessel management contracts, administrative services agreements or executive services agreements or other agreements currently our Sponsor or that may be entered into with our Sponsor in the ordinary course of business that are approved in good faith by the Conflicts Committee).
The credit agreement governing the Term Loan B requires maintenance of:

·
a maximum loan to value ratio of the aggregate principal amount of the Term Loan B to the fair market value of the collateral vessels, based on the average of the "charter-free" appraised values from two specified appraisers as of a certain date;
·
a minimum interest coverage ratio on a consolidated basis, which if not met   restricts us from, among other things, paying any dividend or other distribution ; and
·
a specified minimum debt service coverage ratio, meaning the ratio of operating cash flow available for debt servicing for the preceding 12-month period to all scheduled payments of principal, interest and fees due by the borrowers during such period, tested on the last day of each fiscal quarter.
The Term Loan B Agreement also provides for customary events of default, prepayment and cure provisions.
Estimated Maintenance and Replacement Capital Expenditures
Our Partnership Agreement requires our Board of Directors to deduct from operating surplus each quarter estimated maintenance and replacement capital expenditures, as opposed to actual maintenance and replacement capital expenditures in order to reduce disparities in operating surplus caused by fluctuating maintenance and replacement capital expenditures, such as dry-docking and vessel replacement. Because of the substantial capital expenditures we are required to make to maintain our Fleet, currently, our annual estimated maintenance and replacement capital expenditures for purposes of estimating maintenance and replacement capital expenditures will be $16.9 million per year, which is composed of $4.2 million for dry-docking and $12.7 million, including financing costs, for replacing our vessels at the end of their useful lives. The $12.7 million for future vessel replacement is based on assumptions and estimates regarding the remaining useful lives of our vessels, a long term net investment rate equivalent to our current expected long-term borrowing costs, vessel replacement values based on current market conditions and residual value of the vessels at the end of their useful lives based on current steel prices. The actual cost of replacing the vessels in our Fleet will depend on a number of factors, including prevailing market conditions, hire rates and the availability and cost of financing at the time of replacement. Our Board of Directors, with the approval of the Conflicts Committee, may determine that one or more of our assumptions should be revised, which could cause our Board of Directors to increase or decrease the amount of estimated maintenance and replacement capital expenditures. We may elect to finance some or all of our maintenance and replacement capital expenditures through the issuance of additional common units which could be dilutive to existing unitholders.
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Cash Flows
The following table summarizes our net cash flows from operating, investing and financing activities and our cash and cash equivalents for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016:
   
Year Ended December 31,
 
  (Amounts in thousands of Dollars)
 
2017
   
2016
 
Net cash provided by operating activities
 
$
59,339
   
$
103,618
 
Net cash used in investing activities
   
     
(37,472
)
Net cash used in financing activities
   
(49,470
)
   
(32,844
)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year
   
57,595
     
24,293
 
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year
 
$
67,464
   
$
57,595
 

Net Cash Provided by Operating Activities
Net cash provided by operating activities decreased by $44.3 million, or 42.7%, to $59.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2017, compared to $103.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2016. This decrease in cash from operating activities was exclusively attributable to the decrease in period net income primarily due to the factors below:
(i)
the decrease in period voyage revenues discussed in "Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects—A. Results of Operations", above.
(ii)
the increase in debt service and other finance costs resultant to our entering to the Term Loan B transaction,  and
(iii)
the $6.2 million costs incurred in relation with the three steam turbine vessels in our Fleet that were dry-docked in 2017. The decrease was partially offset by positive cash movement in working capital accounts between the compared periods.
Net cash flows provided by operating activities increased by $6.7 million, or 6.9%, to $103.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2016, compared to $96.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2015. The increase is primarily attributable to the net operating cash flows that the Lena River contributed during the year ended December 31, 2016 and counterbalanced by working capital variations between the compared periods.
Net Cash Used in Investing Activities
No cash was used in investing activities in the year ended December 31, 2017.
Net cash used in investing activities of $37.5 million as of December 31, 2016 relates to i) $35.0 million of residual unsettled amounts related to the Lena River acquisition and ii) $2.5 million associated with other capital expenditures related to our Fleet within the normal course of business.
Net Cash Used in Financing Activities
Net cash used in financing activities of $49.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2017 consisted of (i) distributions paid to our limited partners and preferred unitholders during the period of $66.9 million (see "Distributions" below), (ii) payment of $10.5 million of regular principal installments under our refinanced secured bank facilities and the Term Loan B, and (iii) payment of $0.1 million in securities registration and other filing costs, which were offset by (a) the $480.0 million gross proceeds from our new Term Loan B facility entered into in May 2017 that were to a great extent used to refinance and repay in full our existing bank loans in an aggregate amount of $464.4 million and pay transaction costs and expenses of $12.6 million, and (b) the $25.0 million of restricted cash released as a consequence of the full repayment of the abovementioned loans.
Net cash used in financing activities of $32.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2016 consisted of the $66.7 million residual amounts drawn down under our $200 Million Term Loan Facility that were partially used to repay the short-term $35.0 million credit financing provided by our Sponsor in connection with the Lena River acquisition, counterbalanced by (i) distributions paid to all classes of unitholders amounting to $66.9 million, (ii) regular quarterly installments on our $340 Million Credit Facility and $200 Million Term Loan Facility of an aggregate amount of $32.5 million, and (iii) payment of deferred finance costs in connection with the closing of the $200 Million Term Loan Facility and the issuance of the Series A Preferred Units in an aggregate amount of  $0.1 million.
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Distributions
Distributions on Common Units
On January 19, 2017, we paid a cash distribution for the fourth quarter of 2016 of $0.4225 per unit to all common and subordinated unitholders of record as of January 11, 2017.
On January 23, 2017, upon our payment to unitholders of the quarterly distribution in respect of the fourth quarter of 2016, the conditions set forth in the Partnership Agreement for the conversion of the subordinated units into common units were satisfied and the subordination period expired. At the expiration of the subordination period, the 14,985,000 subordinated units owned by the Sponsor converted into common units on a one-for-one basis. Upon the conversion of the subordinated units and as of the date of this Annual Report, there are 35,490,000 common units outstanding and no subordinated units outstanding. Since all issued subordinated units were converted into common units, future distributions will be shared equally among the limited partner units owned by other common unitholders. No cash consideration was paid in connection with such conversion.
On April 28, 2017, we paid a cash distribution for the first quarter of 2017 of $0.4225 per unit to all common unitholders of record as of April 21, 2017.
On July 18, 2017, we paid a cash distribution for the second quarter of 2017 of $0.4225 per unit to all common unitholders of record as of July 11, 2017.
On October 19, 2017, we paid a cash distribution for the third quarter of 2017 of $0.4225 per unit to all common unitholders of record as of October 12, 2017.
On January 18, 2018, we paid a cash distribution for the fourth quarter of 2017 of $0.4225 per unit to all common unitholders of record as of January 11, 2018.
See "Item 8. Financial Information—A. Consolidated Statements and Other Financial Information—Our Cash Distribution Policy."
 Distributions on Series A Preferred Units
On February 13, 2017, we paid a cash distribution for the period from November 12, 2016 to February 11, 2017 of $0.5625 per unit to all Series A Preferred unitholders of record as of February 5, 2017.
On May 12, 2017, we paid a cash distribution for the period from February 12, 2017 to May 11, 2017 of $0.5625 per unit to all Series A Preferred unitholders of record as of May 5, 2017.
On August 14, 2017, we paid a cash distribution for the period from May 12, 2017 to August 11, 2017 of $0.5625 per unit to all Series A Preferred unitholders of record as of August 5, 2017.
On November 13, 2017, we paid a cash distribution for the period from August 12, 2017 to November 11, 2017 of $0.5625 per unit to all Series A Preferred unitholders of record as of November 5, 2017.
On February 12, 2018, we paid a cash distribution for the period from November 12, 2017 to February 11, 2018 of $0.5625 per unit to all Series A Preferred unitholders of record as of February 5, 2018.
General Partner Distributions
During the year ended December 31, 2017, we paid our General Partner and holder of the incentive distribution rights in the Partnership, an aggregate amount of $129,000.
The declaration and payment of distributions, if any, is always subject to the discretion of our Board of Directors.
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C.            RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT, PATENTS AND LICENSES
None.
D.            TREND INFORMATION
Historically spot and short-term charter hire rates for LNG carriers have been uncertain and volatile, as has the supply and demand for LNG carriers. An excess of LNG carriers first became evident in 2004 before reaching a peak in the second quarter of 2010, when spot and short-term charter hire rates together with utilization reached historic lows.  Due to a lack of newbuilding orders placed between 2008 and 2010, this trend then reversed from the third quarter of 2010, such that the demand for LNG shipping was not being met by available supply in 2011 and the first half of 2012. Spot and short-medium term charter hire rates together with fleet utilization reached historic highs as a result. What turned the tide for LNG shipping demand from the second quarter of 2011 was the unprecedented rise in Japanese LNG demand following the Fukushima nuclear leak.
Charter rates for LNG vessels started declining from 2013 as the supply increased more than the increase in demand. Global liquefaction capacity grew marginally with only Angola LNG plant becoming operational in 2013. The trend continued in 2014 to 2017 as additional tonnage negated the effect of new liquefaction plants coming online. The impact of excess vessel supply caused by the delivery of 28, 27, 28 and 24 vessels in 2014, 2015, 2016 and 2017 respectively showed on spot rates, which fell sharply. Low crude oil prices intensified the challenges in the LNG shipping market as it delayed the completion of liquefaction projects. Moreover, demand from traditional Asian buyers such as Japan and South Korea remained flat due to a weaker macroeconomic environment and greater preference for coal in power production, and in the case of Japan a switch back to nuclear power. Towards the end of 2017, a surge in the Chinese LNG imports, owing to a switch from coal to gas for heating purposes, helped the LNG freight rates recover sharply.
Accordingly, short-term rates (one to three years) for a Dual Fuel Diesel Electric (DFDE) LNG vessels plunged from $70,000 per day in 2014 to $31,000 per day in 2016 and $ 37,000 per day in 2017. Long-term rates (in excess of eight years) for DFDE vessels in 2017 were $70,000 per day unchanged from 2016 but lower than the $ 82,000 per day in 2014.
E.            OFF-BALANCE SHEET ARRANGEMENTS
We do not have any off-balance sheet arrangements.
F.            CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATIONS
The following table sets forth our contractual obligations and their maturity dates as of December 31, 2017:
   
Payments due by period
 
 
Obligations
 
Total
   
Less than
1 year
   
1-3 years
   
3-5 years
   
More
than
5 years
 
Long-Term Debt
 
$
727,600
   
$
4,800
   
$
259,600
   
$
9,600
   
$
453,600
 
Interest on long term debt (1)
   
182,621
     
44,902
     
70,767
     
56,486
     
10,466
 
Management Fees & commissions payable to the Manager (2)
   
38,503
     
7,797
     
16,552
     
3,046
     
11,108
 
Executive Services fee (3)
   
568
     
568
     
     
     
 
Administrative Services fee (4)
   
40
     
40
     
     
     
 
Total
 
$
949,332
   
$
58,107
   
$
346,919
   
$
69,132
   
$
475,174
 

(1)
Our variable rate long-term debt outstanding as of December 31, 2017 bears variable interest at a margin over LIBOR. The calculation of interest payments has been made assuming interest rates based on the one-month period LIBOR, the LIBOR specific to our Term Loan B facility as of December 31, 2017 and our applicable margin rate.
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(2)
Under the terms of the Management Agreements, we currently pay a management fee of $2,898 per day which is subject to an annual increase of 3% and further annual increases to reflect material unforeseen costs increases of providing the management services, by an amount to be agreed between us and our Manager, which amount will be reviewed and approved by our Conflicts Committee. The Management Agreements also provide for commissions of 1.25% of charter-hire revenues arranged by the Manager. The agreements will terminate automatically after a change of control of the applicable shipping subsidiary and/or of the owner's ultimate parent, in which case an amount equal to fees of at the least 36 months and not more than 60 months, will become payable to the Manager.
(3)
On March 21, 2014, we entered into the Executive Services Agreement with our Manager, with retroactive effect to the date of the closing of our IPO, pursuant to which our Manager provides us with the services of our executive officers, who report directly to our Board of Directors. Under the Executive Services Agreement, our Manager is entitled to an executive services fee of €538,000 per annum, for the initial five year term, payable in equal monthly installments. The agreement has an initial term of five years and will automatically be renewed for successive five year terms unless terminated earlier. The calculation of the contractual services fee set forth in the table above assumes an exchange rate of €1.000 to $1.1999 the EURO/USD exchange rate as of December 31, 2017 and does not include any incentive compensation which our Board of Directors may agree to pay.
(4)
On December 30, 2014 and effective as of the IPO closing date, we entered into the Administrative Services Agreement with our Manager, pursuant to which the Partnership is provided with certain financial, accounting, reporting, secretarial and information technology services, for a monthly fee of $10,000, plus expenses, payable in quarterly installments. The Agreement can be terminated upon 120 days' notice granted either by the Partnership's Board or by the Manager as per the provisions of the agreement.
Capital Commitments
Possible Acquisitions of Other Vessels
Although we do not currently have in place any agreements relating to acquisitions of other vessels (other than our right to purchase the Optional Vessels subject to the provisions governing the Omnibus Agreement), we continuously evaluate potential transactions, which may include pursuit of other business combinations, the acquisition of vessels or related businesses, the expansion of our operations, repayment, repurchase or refinance of existing debt, unit repurchases, short term investments or other transactions that we believe will be accretive to earnings, enhance unitholder value or are in our best interests.
Pursuant to the Omnibus Agreement that we have entered into with our Sponsor and our General Partner, in addition to the Optional Vessels, we also have the right, but not the obligation, to purchase from our Sponsor any LNG carriers acquired or placed under contracts with an initial term of four or more years, for so long as the Omnibus Agreement is in full force and effect. Subject to the terms of our loan agreements, we could elect to fund any future acquisitions with equity or debt or cash on hand or a combination of these forms of consideration. Any debt incurred for this purpose could make us more leveraged and subject us to additional operational or financial covenants.
G.            SAFE HARBOR
See the section entitled "Forward Looking Statements" at the beginning of this Annual Report.
ITEM 6.
DIRECTORS, SENIOR MANAGEMENT AND EMPLOYEES
A.
DIRECTORS AND SENIOR MANAGEMENT
The following provides information about each of our directors and senior management. 
Name
Age
Position
Georgios Prokopiou
71
Chairman of the Board of Directors and Appointed Director
Tony Lauritzen
41
Chief Executive Officer and Appointed Director
Michael Gregos
46
Chief Financial Officer
Levon Dedegian
66
Class III Director
Alexios Rodopoulos
70
Class II Director
Evangelos Vlahoulis
71
Class I Director

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Certain biographical information about each of our directors and executive officers is set forth below.
Georgios Prokopiou. Mr. Georgios Prokopiou has served as Chairman of our Board of Directors since our inception. Since entering the shipping business in 1974, Mr. Prokopiou has managed a shipping fleet consisting of over 500 vessels and is among other, the founder of Dynacom Tankers Management, Sea Traders and Dynagas Ltd., our Manager. Dynacom was founded in 1991 to manage tankers and Sea Traders SA was founded in 1974 to manage bulk carriers. Since 2002, companies controlled by Mr. Prokopiou have built more than 100 vessels at shipyards in South Korea, Japan and China. Mr. Prokopiou holds a civil engineering degree from the National Technical University of Athens. Mr. Prokopiou has also served as Chairman of the North of England P&I Association. He is Chairman of the Greek committee of Bureau Veritas, as well as member of the Greek committees of DNV-GL, Lloyd's Register and ABS. In 2005 Dynacom was awarded Tanker Company of the Year award by Lloyd's List. In 2015 Dynagas Ltd. was the winner of Statoil's Working Safely with Suppliers Award. In June 2017,  Mr. Prokopiou was the recipient of Seatrade's Lifetime Achievement Award.
Tony Lauritzen. Mr. Tony Lauritzen has served as our Chief Executive Officer and on our Board of Directors since our inception in 2013.  Mr. Lauritzen has been the general manager of our Sponsor's LNG activities since 2006.  Prior to joining Dynagas, Mr. Lauritzen worked for the shipowner and ship manager Bernhard Schulte Shipmanagement Ltd where he was a project manager with a focus on the gas shipping segment.  Prior to that, he worked for Westshore Shipbrokers AS in the offshore shipbroking segment.  Mr. Lauritzen holds a Master of Science in Shipping Trade and Finance from Cass Business School, London (2003) and a Master of Arts in Business and Finance from Heriot Watt University, Edinburgh (2002).
Michael Gregos. Mr. Michael Gregos has served as our Chief Financial Officer since our inception. Mr. Gregos has served as commercial manager of the activities of Dynacom Tankers Management since 2009. From 2007 to 2009, Mr. Gregos served as Chief Operating Officer of Ocean Freight Inc. a shipping transportation company listed on NASDAQ. Prior to that, Mr. Gregos was commercial manager of the activities of Dynacom Tankers Management. Mr. Gregos has also worked for Oceania Maritime Agency, a shipping transportation company in Connecticut, USA and ATE Finance the corporate finance arm of Agricultural Bank of Greece responsible for the implementation of initial public offerings in the Greek equities market. He is a graduate of Queen Mary University in London and holds an M.Sc. in Shipping, Trade and Finance from City University.
Levon A. Dedegian. Mr. Levon A. Dedegian has served as one of our directors since the closing of our IPO in November 2013 and also serves as Chairman of our Conflicts Committee. Mr. Dedegian has been involved in shipping since 1975 with various companies and positions. From 1978 to 1984, he served as general manager of Sea Traders. In 1985, he joined S.S.R.S. Ltd., a member of the Manley Hopkins Group of Companies. In 1987 he was transferred to Hong Kong, where he stayed until 1988 as a Managing Director of each of Gapco Trading and Agencies Limited, Bridge Energy ASA and Elf Agriculture. He was relocated to Greece at the end of 1988 as Managing Director of the Greek office of P. Wigham Richardson Shipbrokers and in 1989 he rejoined Sea Traders and Dynacom Tankers Management as general manager where he remained until December 31, 2009. Mr. Dedegian is a graduate of Pierce College (the American College of Greece) and holds a Bsc in Business Administration and Economics.
Alexios Rodopoulos. Mr. Alexios Rodopoulos has served as one of our directors since the closing of our IPO in November 2013 and also serves as Chairman of our Audit Committee. Mr. Rodopoulos is an independent shipping business consultant, operating through his family-owned company, Rodofin Business Consultants Ltd. From 1999 until 2011 Mr. Rodopoulos served as the Head of Shipping (Piraeus) of Royal Bank of Scotland (RBS). Mr. Rodopoulos is a graduate of the Economic University of Athens, Greece.
Evangelos Vlahoulis. Mr. Evangelos Vlahoulis has served as one of our directors since the closing of our IPO in November 2013 and also serves as Chairman of the Compensation Committee. Since 2005, Mr. Vlahoulis has served as Chief Executive Officer of Finship S.A. which provides maritime financing services including to Deutsche Bank in connection with their shipping activities in Greece. From 1984 until 2005 Mr. Vlahoulis served as the representative for Greek shipping of Deutsche Schiffsbank (the predecessor to Commercebank AB). Since October 2015, Mr. Vlachoulis serves as a consultant for the Greek branch of DVB bank. Mr. Vlahoulis is a graduate of London University and holds a BA in Economics.
Reimbursement of Expenses of Our General Partner
Our General Partner does not receive compensation from us for any services it provides on our behalf, however, it is entitled to reimbursement for expenses incurred on our behalf.
Executive Compensation
Our executive officers, who report directly to our Board of Directors, are provided to us by our Manager under an Executive Services Agreement with retroactive effect from the closing date of our IPO. Under the agreement, our Manager is entitled to an executive services fee of €538,000 per annum, for the initial five year term, payable in equal monthly installments and automatically renews for successive five year terms unless terminated earlier.
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B.            COMPENSATION OF DIRECTORS
Our chief executive officer who also serves as our director does not receive additional compensation for his service as director.  Each non-management director receives compensation for attending meetings of our Board of Directors, as well as committee meetings.  Non-management directors receive director fees of approximately $135,000 per year, in aggregate. In addition, each director is reimbursed for out-of-pocket expenses in connection with attending meetings of the Board of Directors or other committees.  Each director is fully indemnified by us for actions associated with being a director to the extent permitted under Marshall Islands law.
C.            BOARD PRACTICES
General
Pursuant to the terms of our Partnership Agreement, our General Partner has delegated to our Board of Directors the authority to oversee and direct our operations, management and policies on an exclusive basis, and such delegation will be binding on any successor general partner of the Partnership. Our General Partner is wholly-owned by our Sponsor. Our executive officers, whose services are provided to us pursuant to the Executive Services Agreement with our Manager, manage our day-to-day activities consistent with the policies and procedures adopted by our Board of Directors.
Our board consists of five members, two of whom are appointed by our General Partner in its sole discretion and three of whom are elected by our common unitholders. Our Board of Directors has determined that all of the directors, other than Mr. Georgios Prokopiou and Mr. Tony Lauritzen, satisfy the independence standards established by the NYSE, as applicable to us. The directors appointed by our General Partner serve until a successor is duly appointed by the General Partner. Directors elected by our common unitholders are divided into three classes serving staggered three-year terms.
At the Partnership's 2014 Annual General Meeting of Limited Partners, the Class I Elected Director was elected to serve for a one year term expiring on the date of the succeeding annual meeting, the Class II Elected Director was elected to serve for a two-year term expiring on the second succeeding annual meeting and (c) the Class III Elected Director was elected to serve for a three-year term expiring on the third succeeding annual meeting.  At each annual meeting of limited partners, directors will be elected to succeed the class of directors whose terms have expired by a plurality of the votes of the common unitholders. Directors elected by our common unitholders will be nominated by the Board of Directors or by any limited partner or group of limited partners that beneficially owns at least 15% of the outstanding common units.
The Partnership held its 2017 Annual General Meeting of Limited Partners on December 7, 2017, at which (i) Mr. Levon Dedegian was re-elected to serve as a Class III director for a three-year term until the Partnership's 2020 Annual General Meeting of Limited Partners, and (ii) Ernst & Young (Hellas) Certified Auditors Accountants S.A. were re-appointed to serve as the Partnership's independent auditors for the fiscal year ending December 31, 2017.
Each outstanding common unit is entitled to one vote on matters subject to a vote of common unitholders. However, to preserve our ability to be exempt from U.S. federal income tax under Section 883 of the Code, if at any time, any person or group owns beneficially more than 4.9% of any class of units then outstanding, any such units owned by that person or group in excess of 4.9% may not be voted on any matter and will not be considered to be outstanding when sending notices of a meeting of unitholders, calculating required votes (except for purposes of nominating a person for election to our board), determining the presence of a quorum or for other similar purposes under our Partnership Agreement, unless otherwise required by law. The voting rights of any such unitholders in excess of 4.9% will effectively be redistributed pro rata among the other common unitholders holding less than 4.9% of the voting power of all classes of units entitled to vote. Our General Partner, its affiliates, including our Sponsor, and persons who acquired common units with the prior approval of our Board of Directors will not be subject to this 4.9% limitation except with respect to voting their common units in the election of the elected directors.
Committees
We have an audit committee that, among other things, reviews our external financial reporting function, engages our external auditors and oversees our internal audit activities and procedures and the adequacy of our internal accounting controls.  Our audit committee is comprised of two directors, Mr. Evangelos Vlahoulis and Mr. Alexios Rodopoulos.  Our Board of Directors has determined that Mr. Vlahoulis and Mr. Rodopoulos satisfy the independence standards established by the NYSE.  Mr. Rodopoulos qualifies as an "audit committee expert" for purposes of SEC rule and regulations.
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We also have a Conflicts Committee comprised of two members of our Board of Directors.  The Conflicts Committee is available at the board's discretion to review specific matters that the board believes may involve conflicts of interest.  The Conflicts Committee will determine if the resolution of the conflict of interest is fair and reasonable to us.  The members of the Conflicts Committee may not be officers or employees of us or directors, officers or employees of our general partner or its affiliates, and must meet the independence standards established by the NYSE to serve on a conflicts committee of a Board of Directors and certain other requirements.  Any matters approved by the Conflicts Committee will be conclusively deemed to be fair and reasonable to us, approved by all of our partners, and not a breach by our directors, our general partner or its affiliates of any duties any of them may owe us or our unitholders.  The members of our Conflicts Committee are currently Mr. Levon A. Dedegian and Mr. Alexios Rodopoulos.  For additional information about the Conflicts Committee, please see "Item 7. Major Unitholders and Related Party Transactions—B. Related Party Transactions—Conflicts of Interest and Fiduciary Duties."
We also have a compensation committee comprised of two members of our Board of Directors. The members of our compensation committee are currently Mr. Evangelos Vlahoulis and Mr. Levon Dedegian. The compensation committee is responsible for carrying out the Board's responsibilities relating to compensation of our executive officers and for providing such other guidance with respect to compensation matters as the Committee deems appropriate.
Please see "Item 16G. Corporate Governance."
D.
EMPLOYEES
As of December 31, 2017, we did not employ any onshore or offshore staff. Our Manager has provided and continues to provide us with commercial and technical management services, including all necessary crew-related services, to our vessel owning subsidiaries pursuant to the Management Agreements.  Please see "Item 7. Major Unitholders and Related Party Transactions — B. Related Party Transactions — Vessel Management." The services of our executive officers and other employees are provided to us by our Manager pursuant to an Executive Services Agreement and an Administrative Services Agreement, in return of a monthly and an annual fee, respectively. Please see "Item 7. Major Unitholders and Related Party Transactions — B. Related Party Transactions — Administrative Services Agreement & Executive Services Agreement."
E.
UNIT OWNERSHIP
"Item 7. Major Unitholders and Related Party Transactions—A. Major Unitholders."
ITEM 7.
MAJOR UNITHOLDERS AND RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
A.
MAJOR UNITHOLDERS
The following table sets forth the beneficial ownership of our common units as of March 8, 2018 by each person that we know to beneficially own more than 5% of our outstanding common units. The number of units beneficially owned by each person is determined under SEC rules and the information is not necessarily indicative of beneficial ownership for any other purpose:
Name of Beneficial Owner
 
Number
   
Percent (1)
 
Dynagas Holding Ltd. (2)
   
15,595,000
     
43.9
%
All executives, officers and directors as a group (3)
   
*
     
*
 
___________________
(1)
Based on 35,490,000 common units outstanding as of the date of this Annual Report.
(2)
Dynagas Holding Ltd. is beneficially owned by the Prokopiou Family, including Georgios Prokopiou and his daughters Elisavet Prokopiou, Johanna Procopiou, Marina Kalliope Prokopiou, and Maria Eleni Prokopiou, which collectively have a business address at 23, Rue Basse, 98000 Monaco.
(3)
Neither any member of our Board of Directors or executive officer individually, nor all of them taken as a group, hold more than 1% of our outstanding common units apart from Mr. Georgios Prokopiou, whose ownership interests are separately presented in the above table.
As of March 8, 2018, we had three unitholders of record located in the United States, which held 100% of outstanding common units. We believe that the units held by CEDE & CO., a nominee of the Depository Trust Company and one of the three aforementioned United States unitholders, include common units beneficially owned by both holders in the United States and non-U.S. beneficial owners.
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B.            RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
From time to time we have entered into agreements and have consummated transactions with certain related parties.  We may enter into related party transactions from time to time in the future. In connection with our IPO, we established a Conflicts Committee, comprised entirely of independent directors, to evaluate any transaction or other matter referred or disclosed to the Conflicts Committee in which a conflict of interest or potential conflict of interests exists or arises.
Omnibus Agreement
On November 18, 2013, we, and certain of our subsidiaries, entered into the Omnibus Agreement with our Sponsor and our General Partner.  On April 12, 2016, we amended and restated the Omnibus Agreement, to, among other things, include as Optional Vessels our Sponsor's minority ownership interest in the five entities that respectively own each of the Additional Optional Vessels. References herein to the "Omnibus Agreement" refer to the Omnibus Agreement as currently in effect. The following discussion describes certain provisions of the Omnibus Agreement.
Noncompetition
Under the Omnibus Agreement, our Sponsor has agreed, and has caused its affiliates (other than us, and our subsidiaries) to agree, not to acquire, own, operate or contract for any LNG carrier operating under a charter with an initial term of four or more years. We refer to these LNG carriers, together with any related contracts, and our Sponsor's ownership interest in the Additional Optional Vessels, as "Four-Year LNG carriers" and to all other LNG carriers, together with any related contracts, as "Non-Four-Year LNG carriers." The restrictions in this paragraph will not prevent our Sponsor or any of its controlled affiliates (including us and our subsidiaries) from:
(1)
acquiring, owning, operating or chartering any Non-Four-Year LNG carriers;
(2)
(i) acquiring or owning one or more Four-Year LNG carrier(s) (other than with respect to the Sponsor's ownership interest in the entities that own the Additional Optional Vessels, which is covered in (ii) below) if such Dynagas Holding Entity (as defined in the Omnibus Agreement) offers to sell such Four-Year LNG carrier to us for the acquisition price plus any administrative costs in accordance with the procedures set forth in the Omnibus Agreement (and we do not fulfill our obligation to purchase such Four-Year LNG carrier in accordance with the terms of the Omnibus Agreement) and (ii) owning any Optional Interests (as defined in the Omnibus Agreement) in the entities that own the Additional Optional Vessels at any time on or after the time at which such interests are treated as a Four-Year LNG carrier pursuant to the Omnibus Agreement, if the related Dynagas Holding Entities (as applicable), offer to sell such Optional Interests to us for the pro rata portion of the acquisition price relating to the corresponding LNG carrier owned by such entity plus any administrative costs in accordance with the procedures set forth in the Omnibus Agreement (and we do not fulfill our obligation to purchase such Optional Interests in accordance with the terms of the Omnibus Agreement);
(3)
operating or chartering an LNG carrier under a charter with a term of four or more years if such Dynagas Holding Entity (other than in the case of an Additional Optional Vessel) offers to sell such LNG carrier to us for fair market value (i) promptly after the time it becomes a Four-Year LNG carrier and (ii) at each renewal or extension of that charter if such renewal or extension is for a term of four or more years, in each case in accordance with the procedures set forth in the Omnibus Agreement;
(4)
acquiring and owning a controlling interest in one or more Four-Year LNG carriers as part of the acquisition of an interest in business or package of assets that owns, operates or charters such Four-Year LNG carriers; provided, however; if a majority of the value of the business or assets acquired is attributable to Four-Year LNG carriers, as determined in good faith by our Sponsor's board of directors, the Dynagas Holding Entity must offer to sell such Four-Year LNG carrier(s) to us for their fair market value plus any administrative costs  in accordance with the procedures set forth in the Omnibus Agreement (for the avoidance of doubt, nothing herein shall prohibit the acquisition and owning of one or more Four-Year LNG carriers as part of the acquisition of a minority interest in a business or package of assets that owns, operates or charters Four-Year LNG carriers);
(5)
acquiring a non-controlling interest in any company, business or pool of assets;
 
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(6)
acquiring, owning, operating or chartering any Four-Year LNG carrier if we do not fulfill our obligation to purchase such Four-Year LNG carrier in accordance with the terms of the Omnibus Agreement;
(7)
acquiring, owning, operating or chartering any Four-Year LNG carrier that is subject to the offers to us described in paragraphs (2), (3) and (4) above pending our determination whether to accept such offers and pending the closing of any offers we accept;
(8)
providing vessel management services relating to any LNG carrier;
(9)
acquiring and owning any Four-Year LNG carrier as part of a financing arrangement, including by way of a sale leaseback transaction, which is accounted for as a financial lease under United States generally accepted accounting principles; or
(10)
acquiring, owning, operating or chartering any Four-Year LNG carrier if we have previously advised our Sponsor that we consent to such acquisition, operation or charter.
If our Sponsor or any of its controlled affiliates acquires, owns, operates or contracts for Four-Year LNG carriers pursuant to any of the exceptions described above, it may not subsequently expand that portion of its business other than pursuant to those exceptions.
Under the Omnibus Agreement, we are not restricted from acquiring, operating or chartering Non-Four-Year LNG carriers.
Upon a change of control (as such term is set forth in the Omnibus Agreement) of us or our General Partner, the noncompetition provisions of the Omnibus Agreement will terminate immediately. Upon a change of control of our Sponsor (as such term is set forth in the Omnibus Agreement), the noncompetition provisions of the Omnibus Agreement applicable to our Sponsor will terminate immediately. In addition, on the date on which a majority of our directors ceases to consist of directors that were (1) appointed by our General Partner prior to our first annual meeting of unitholders and (2) recommended for election by a majority of our appointed directors, the noncompetition provisions applicable to our Sponsor shall terminate immediately.
Rights to Purchase Optional Vessels
The Omnibus Agreement provides us with the right, subject to certain conditions, to purchase the Initial Optional Vessels and our Sponsor's ownership interest in the entities that respectively own the Additional Optional Vessels, from our Sponsor at a purchase price to be determined pursuant to the terms and conditions of the Omnibus Agreement. The purchase rights relating to the Initial Optional Vessels each expired 24 months following the respective delivery of each Initial Optional Vessel from the shipyard. On March 30, 2017, we agreed with our Sponsor to extend the deadline for exercising the purchase options relating to both the  Clean Ocean  and the  Clean Planet  granted to us under the Omnibus Agreement from March 31, 2017 to March 31, 2018. On February 6, 2018, we agreed with our Sponsor to extend the deadline for exercising the purchase options relating to both the  Clean Horizon  and the  Clean Vision  granted to us under the Omnibus Agreement to December 31, 2018. In the case of our Sponsor's ownership interest in the entities that own the Additional Optional Vessels, our purchase rights expire within 24 months following the expiration, without acceptance, of our 30-day option to purchase such interests pursuant to the Omnibus Agreement, so long as such Additional Optional Vessels are employed under a long-term charter of four or more years upon their respective delivery dates. We may also mutually agree with our Sponsor, with the approval of our Conflicts Committee, to extend or further extend, as applicable, the purchase option exercise period. There is no assurance that our Sponsor will agree to such extension.
If we are unable to agree with our Sponsor on the purchase price of any of the Initial Optional Vessels or our Sponsor's ownership interest in the entities that respectively own the Additional Optional Vessels, as the case may be, the respective purchase price will be determined by an independent appraiser, such as an investment banking firm, broker or firm generally recognized in the shipping industry as qualified to perform the tasks for which such firm has been engaged, and we will have the right, but not the obligation, to purchase such assets at such price. The independent appraiser will be mutually appointed by our Sponsor and our Conflicts Committee. Please see "Risk Factors—Our Sponsor may be unable to service its debt requirements and comply with the provisions contained in the credit agreements secured by the Optional Vessels. If our Sponsor fails to perform its obligations under its loan agreements, our business and expected plans for growth may be materially affected."
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Rights of First Offer on LNG carriers
Under the Omnibus Agreement, we and our subsidiaries have granted to our Sponsor the right of first offer on any proposed sale, transfer or other disposition of any LNG carrier owned by us. Under the Omnibus Agreement, our Sponsor has agreed (and will cause their subsidiaries to agree) to grant a similar right of first offer to us for any Four-Year LNG carriers they own (including our Sponsor's ownership interests in the Additional Optional Vessels). These rights of first offer will not apply to (a) with respect to the Sponsor, a sale, transfer or other disposition of assets between or among any of its subsidiaries (other than us) and with respect to us, a sale, transfer or other disposition of assets between or among any of our subsidiaries (other than the Sponsor, if applicable), or pursuant to the terms of any contract or other agreement with a contractual counterparty existing at the time of the closing of our IPO or (b) a merger with or into, or sale of substantially all of the assets to, an unaffiliated third-party.
Prior to engaging in any negotiation regarding any LNG carrier's disposition with respect to a Four-Year LNG carrier with a non-affiliated third-party, we or our Sponsor, as the case may be, will deliver a written notice to the other relevant party setting forth the material terms and conditions of the proposed transaction. During the 30-day period after the delivery of such notice, we and our Sponsor will negotiate in good faith to reach an agreement on the transaction. If we do not reach an agreement within such 30-day period, we or our Sponsor, as the case may be, will be able within the next 180 calendar days to sell, transfer, dispose or re-contract the LNG carrier to a third-party (or to agree in writing to undertake such transaction with a third-party) on terms generally no less favorable to us or our Sponsor as the case may be, than those offered pursuant to the written notice.
Upon a change of control of us or our General Partner, the right of first offer provisions of the Omnibus Agreement will terminate immediately.
Upon a change of control of our Sponsor, the right of first offer provisions applicable to our Sponsor under the Omnibus Agreement will terminate at the time of the change of control. On the date on which a majority of our directors ceases to consist of directors that were (1) appointed by our General Partner prior to our first annual meeting of unitholders and (2) recommended for election by a majority of our appointed directors, the provisions related to the rights of first offer granted to us by our Sponsor shall terminate immediately.
For purposes of the Omnibus Agreement a "change of control" means, with respect to any "applicable person", any of the following events: (a) any sale, lease, exchange or other transfer (in one transaction or a series of related transactions) of all or substantially all of the applicable person's assets to any other person, unless immediately following such sale, lease, exchange or other transfer such assets are owned, directly or indirectly, by the applicable person; (b) the consolidation or merger of the applicable person with or into another person pursuant to a transaction in which the outstanding voting securities of the applicable person are changed into or exchanged for cash, securities or other property, other than any such transaction where (i) the outstanding voting securities of the applicable person are changed into or exchanged for voting securities of the surviving person or its parent and (ii) the holders of the voting securities of the applicable person immediately prior to such transaction own, directly or indirectly, not less than a majority of the outstanding voting securities of the surviving person or its parent immediately after such transaction; and (c) a "person" or "group" (within the meaning of Sections 13(d) or 14(d)(2) of the Exchange Act), other than our Sponsor or its Affiliates with respect to the General Partner, being or becoming the "beneficial owner" (as defined in Rules 13d-3 and 13d-5 under the Exchange Act) of more than 50% of all of the then outstanding voting securities of the applicable person, except in a merger or consolidation which would not constitute a change of control under clause (b) above.
Indemnification
Under the Omnibus Agreement, our Sponsor indemnifies us for a period of five years from the closing of the IPO against certain environmental and toxic tort liabilities with respect to the assets contributed or sold to us to the extent arising prior to or at the time they were contributed or sold to us.
Liabilities resulting from a change in law after the closing of our IPO are excluded from the environmental indemnity. There is an aggregate cap of $5 million on the amount of indemnity coverage provided by our Sponsor for environmental and toxic tort liabilities. No claim may be made unless the aggregate dollar amount of all claims exceeds $500,000, in which case our Sponsor is liable for claims only to the extent such aggregate amount exceeds $500,000.
Our Sponsor also indemnifies us for liabilities related to:
·
certain defects in title to our Sponsor's assets contributed or sold to us and any failure to obtain, prior to the time they were contributed or sold to us, certain consents and permits necessary to conduct, own and operate such assets, which liabilities arise within three years after the closing of our IPO (or, in the case of the Optional Vessels which we have rights to purchase, within three years after our purchase of them, if applicable); and
·
tax liabilities attributable to the operation of the assets contributed or sold to us prior to the time they were contributed or sold.
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Amendments
The Omnibus Agreement may not be amended without the prior approval of the Conflicts Committee if the proposed amendment will, in the reasonable discretion of our Board of Directors, adversely affect holders of our common units.
Vessel Acquisitions
On December 21, 2015, pursuant to a share purchase agreement, we acquired 100% of the ownership interests in the entity that owns and operates the Lena River , which is currently operating under a time charter with Gazprom with an initial term of five years, for an aggregate purchase price of $240.0 million.  We purchased only the Lena River and the related time charter.  All of the other assets and liabilities relating to the Sponsor entity that owns the Lena River remained with our Sponsor and did not form part of the purchase price.  We funded the acquisition of the Lena River using the net proceeds we received from our Series A Preferred Units offering, borrowings under our $200 Million Term Loan Facility, and cash on hand. At the closing date of the transaction, the Sponsor provided us a $35.0 million interest free credit financing in respect of unsettled amounts in connection with the acquisition that was repaid early in 2016.
Vessel Management
Our Manager provides us with commercial and technical management services for our Fleet and certain corporate governance and administrative and support services, pursuant to identical agreements with our wholly-owned vessel owning subsidiaries, or the Management Agreements. Our Manager is wholly-owned by Mr. Georgios Prokopiou, our Chairman of the Board, and has been providing these services for the vessels in our Fleet for over eleven years. In addition, our Manager performs the commercial and technical management of each of the Optional Vessels, which also includes the supervision of the construction of these vessels. Through our Manager, we have had a long lasting presence in the LNG shipping industry, and during that time we believe our Manager has established a track record for efficient, safe and reliable operation of LNG carriers.
We currently pay our Manager a technical management fee of $2,898 per day for each vessel, prorated for the calendar days we own each vessel, for providing the relevant vessel owning subsidiaries with services, including engaging and providing qualified crews, maintaining the vessel, arranging supply of stores and equipment, arranging and supervising periodic dry-docking, cleaning and painting and ensuring compliance with applicable regulations, including licensing and certification requirements.
In addition, we pay our Manager a commercial management fee equal to 1.25% of the gross charter hire, ballast bonus which is the amount paid to the vessel owner as compensation for all or a part of the cost of positioning the vessel to the port where the vessel will be delivered to the charterer, or other income earned during the course of the employment of our vessels, during the term of the management agreements, for providing the relevant vessel-owning subsidiary with services, including chartering, managing freight payment, monitoring voyage performance, and carrying out other necessary communications with the shippers, charterers and others.  In addition to such fees, we pay for any capital expenditures, financial costs, operating expenses and any general and administrative expenses, including payments to third-parties, in accordance with the Management Agreements.
We incurred an aggregate expense of approximately $8.0 million to our Manager in connection with the management of our Fleet under the Management Agreements for the year ended December 31, 2017. We incurred an aggregate expense of approximately $8.2 million to our Manager in connection with the management of our Fleet under the Management Agreements for the year ended December 31, 2016.
The term of the Management Agreements with our Manager will expire on December 31, 2020, and will renew automatically for successive eight-year terms thereafter unless earlier terminated. The technical management fee of $2,500 per day for each vessel was fixed until December 31, 2013 and thereafter increases annually by 3%, subject to further annual increases to reflect material unforeseen costs of providing the management services, by an amount to be agreed between us and our Manager, which amount will be reviewed and approved by our Conflicts Committee.
Under the terms of the Management Agreements, we may terminate the Management Agreements upon written notice if our Manager fails to fulfill its obligations to us under the Management Agreements. The Management Agreements terminate automatically following a change of control in us. If the Management Agreements are terminated as a result of a change of control in us, then we will have to pay our Manager a termination penalty. For this purpose a change of control means (i) the acquisition of fifty percent or more by any individual, entity or group of the beneficial ownership or voting power of the outstanding shares of us or our vessel owning subsidiaries, (ii) the consummation of a reorganization, merger or consolidation of us and/or our vessel owning subsidiaries or the sale or other disposition of all or substantially all of our assets or those of our vessel owning subsidiaries and (iii) the approval of a complete liquidation or dissolution of us and/or our vessel owning subsidiaries. Additionally, the Management Agreements may be terminated by our Manager with immediate effect if, among other things, (i) we fail to meet our obligations and/or make due payments within ten business days from receipt of invoices, (ii) upon a sale or total loss of a vessel (with respect to that vessel), or (iii) if we file for bankruptcy.
96



Pursuant to the terms of the Management Agreements, liability of our Manager to us is limited to instances of negligence, gross negligence or willful default on the part of our Manager. Further, we are required to indemnify our Manager for liabilities incurred by our Manager in performance of the Management Agreements, except in instances of negligence, gross negligence or willful default on the part of our Manager.
Additional LNG carriers that we acquire in the future may be managed by our Manager or other unaffiliated management companies.
Administrative Services Agreement
Under the terms and conditions of our Administrative Services Agreement, we pay our Manager a monthly fee of $10,000, plus all costs and expenses, in exchange for the provision of certain financial, accounting, reporting, secretarial and information technology services. The agreement is considered to be in effect until terminated (a) by the Board of Directors upon 120 days' written notice for any reason in its sole discretion, or (b) by Dynagas upon 120 days' written notice if: (i) there is a change of control of the Partnership or General Partner; (ii) a receiver is appointed for all or substantially all of the property of the Partnership; (iii) an order is made to wind up the Partnership; (iv) a final judgment, order or decree that materially and adversely affects the ability of the Partnership to perform under this Agreement shall have been obtained or entered against the Partnership, and such judgment, order or decree shall not have been vacated, discharged or stayed; or (v) the Partnership makes a general assignment for the benefit of its creditors, files a petition in bankruptcy or for liquidation, is adjudged insolvent or bankrupt, commences any proceeding for a reorganization or arrangement of debts, dissolution or liquidation under any law or statute or of any jurisdiction applicable thereto or if any such proceeding shall be commenced.
During the year ended December 31, 2017, we incurred expenses of approximately $0.1 million relating to the administrative services under the Administrative Services Agreement.
Executive Services Agreement
On March 21, 2014, we entered into an executive services agreement with our Manager with retroactive effect from the IPO closing date, pursuant to which our Manager provides to us the services of our executive officers, who report directly to our Board of Directors. Under the agreement, our Manager is entitled to an executive services fee of €538,000 per annum, for the initial five year term, payable in equal monthly installments and automatically renews for successive five year terms unless terminated earlier.
$30 Million Revolving Credit Facility
In connection with the closing of the IPO, our Sponsor provided us with a $30.0 million revolving credit to be used for general partnership purposes, including working capital. This revolving credit facility is interest free and has a term of five years.  The loan may be drawn and prepaid in whole or in part at any time during its term.  As of December 31, 2017, no amounts were outstanding under the facility.
Contribution and Conveyance Agreement
In connection with the Term Loan B refinancing transaction in May 2017, and pursuant to the Contribution and Conveyance Agreement (i) Dynagas Equity Holding contributed its equity interests in (which represented 100% of the issued and outstanding share capital of) each of Seacrown Maritime Ltd. , Fareastern Shipping Limited, Navajo Marine Limited and Solana Holding Ltd. to Arctic LNG Carriers, and (ii) Quinta Group Corp. and Pelta Holdings S.A., our wholly-owned subsidiaries which then owned all of the outstanding share capital of Pegasus Shipholding S.A. and Lance Shipping S.A., respectively, each contributed the entire share capital of its respective owned entity to Artic LNG Carriers and were subsequently dissolved. As Dynagas Equity became the sole shareholder of Arctic LNG Carriers, the contributions did not result in a change of control of our business. Arctic LNG Carriers and Dynagas Finance LLC, our wholly-owned Delaware subsidiary, serve as co-borrowers under the Term Loan B.

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CONFLICTS OF INTEREST AND FIDUCIARY DUTIES
Conflicts of interest exist and may arise in the future as a result of the relationships between our General Partner and its affiliates, including our Sponsor on the one hand, and us and our unaffiliated limited partners, on the other hand. Our General Partner has a fiduciary duty to make any decisions relating to our management in a manner beneficial to us and our unitholders. Similarly, our Board of Directors has fiduciary duties to manage us in a manner beneficial to us, our General Partner and our limited partners. Certain of our officers and directors are also officers of our Sponsor or its affiliates and have fiduciary duties to our Sponsor or its affiliates that may cause them to pursue business strategies that disproportionately benefit our Sponsor or its affiliates or which otherwise are not in the best interests of us or our unitholders. As a result of these relationships, conflicts of interest may arise between us and our unaffiliated limited partners on the one hand, and our Sponsor and its affiliates, including our General Partner, on the other hand. The resolution of these conflicts may not be in the best interest of us or our unitholders.
Our partnership affairs are governed by our Partnership Agreement and the Partnership Act. The provisions of the Partnership Act resemble provisions of the limited partnership laws of a number of states in the United States, most notably Delaware. We are not aware of any material difference in unitholder rights between the Partnership Act and the Delaware Revised Uniform Limited Partnership Act. The Partnership Act also provides that it is to be applied and construed to make it uniform with the Delaware Revised Uniform Limited Partnership Act and, so long as it does not conflict with the Partnership Act or decisions of the Marshall Islands courts, interpreted according to the non-statutory law or "case law" of the courts of the State of Delaware. There have been, however, few, if any, court cases in the Marshall Islands interpreting the Partnership Act, in contrast to Delaware, which has a fairly well-developed body of case law interpreting its limited partnership statute. Accordingly, we cannot predict whether Marshall Islands courts would reach the same conclusions as courts in Delaware. For example, the rights of our unitholders and fiduciary responsibilities of our General Partner and its affiliates under Marshall Islands law are not as clearly established as under judicial precedent in existence in Delaware. Due to the less-developed nature of Marshall Islands law, our public unitholders may have more difficulty in protecting their interests or seeking remedies in the face of actions by our General Partner, its affiliates or our controlling unitholders than would unitholders of a limited partnership organized in the United States.
Our Partnership Agreement contains provisions that modify and limit the fiduciary duties of our General Partner and our directors to the unitholders under Marshall Islands law. Our Partnership Agreement also restricts the remedies available to unitholders for actions taken by our General Partner or our directors that, without those limitations, might constitute breaches of fiduciary duty.
Neither our General Partner nor our Board of Directors will be in breach of their obligations under the Partnership Agreement or their duties to us or the unitholders if the resolution of the conflict is:
·
approved by our Conflicts Committee, although neither our General Partner nor our Board of Directors are obligated to seek such approval;
·
approved by the vote of a majority of the outstanding common units, excluding any common units owned by our General Partner or any of its affiliates, although neither our General Partner nor our Board of Directors is obligated to seek such approval;
·
on terms no less favorable to us than those generally being provided to or available from unrelated third-parties, but neither our General Partner nor our Board of Directors is required to obtain confirmation to such effect from an independent third-party; or
·
fair and reasonable to us, taking into account the totality of the relationships between the parties involved, including other transactions that may be particularly favorable or advantageous to us.
Our General Partner or our Board of Directors may, but are not required to, seek the approval of such resolution from the Conflicts Committee or from the common unitholders. If neither our General Partner nor our Board of Directors seeks approval from the Conflicts Committee, and our Board of Directors determines that the resolution or course of action taken with respect to the conflict of interest satisfies either of the standards set forth in the third and fourth bullet points above, then it will be presumed that, in making its decision, our Board of Directors, including the board members affected by the conflict, acted in good faith, and in any proceeding brought by or on behalf of any limited partner or the partnership, the person bringing or prosecuting such proceeding will have the burden of overcoming such presumption. When our Partnership Agreement requires someone to act in good faith, it requires that person to reasonably believe that he is acting in the best interests of the partnership, unless the context otherwise requires. See "Item 6. Directors, Senior Management and Employees—C. Board Practices." for information about the composition and formation of the Conflicts Committee.
Conflicts of interest could arise in the situations described under the heading "Item 3. Key Information—D. Risk Factors —Risks Relating to Conflicts of Interest," among others.
98



Fiduciary Duties
Our General Partner and its affiliates are accountable to us and our unitholders as fiduciaries. Fiduciary duties owed to unitholders by our General Partner and its affiliates are prescribed by law and the Partnership Agreement. The Partnership Act provides that Marshall Islands partnerships may, in their partnership agreements, restrict or expand the fiduciary duties owed by our General Partner and its affiliates to the limited partners and the Partnership. Our directors are subject to the same fiduciary duties as our General Partner, as restricted or expanded by the Partnership Agreement.
Our Partnership Agreement contains various provisions restricting the fiduciary duties that might otherwise be owed by our General Partner or by our directors. We have adopted these provisions to allow our General Partner and our directors to take into account the interests of other parties in addition to our interests when resolving conflicts of interest. We believe this is appropriate and necessary because our officers and directors have fiduciary duties to our Sponsor, as well as to our unitholders. These modifications disadvantage the common unitholders because they restrict the rights and remedies that would otherwise be available to unitholders for actions that, without those limitations, might constitute breaches of fiduciary duty, as described below. The following is a summary of:
·
the fiduciary duties imposed on our General Partner and our directors by the Partnership Act;
·
material modifications of these duties contained in our Partnership Agreement; and
·
certain rights and remedies of unitholders contained in the Partnership Act.
Marshall Islands law fiduciary duty standards
Fiduciary duties are generally considered to include an obligation to act in good faith and with due care and loyalty. The duty of care, in the absence of a provision in a Partnership Agreement providing otherwise, would generally require a General Partner and the directors of a Marshall Islands limited partnership to act for the partnership in the same manner as a prudent person would act on his own behalf. The duty of loyalty, in the absence of a provision in a Partnership Agreement providing otherwise, would generally prohibit a General Partner or the directors of a Marshall Islands limited partnership from taking any action or engaging in any transaction where a conflict of interest is present.
 
Partnership Agreement modified standards
Our Partnership Agreement contains provisions that waive or consent to conduct by our General Partner and its affiliates and our directors that might otherwise raise issues as to compliance with fiduciary duties under the laws of the Marshall Islands. For example, our Partnership Agreement provides that when our General Partner is acting in its capacity as our General Partner, as opposed to in its individual capacity, it must act in "good faith" and will not be subject to any other standard under the laws of the Marshall Islands. In addition, when our General Partner is acting in its individual capacity, as opposed to in its capacity as our General Partner, it may act without any fiduciary obligation to us or the unitholders whatsoever. These standards reduce the obligations to which our General Partner and our Board of Directors would otherwise be held. Our Partnership Agreement generally provides that affiliated transactions and resolutions of conflicts of interest not involving a vote of unitholders and that are not approved by our Conflicts Committee must be:
 
 
on terms no less favorable to us than those generally being provided to or available from unrelated third-parties; or
 
99


 
In addition to the other more specific provisions limiting the obligations of our General Partner and our directors, our Partnership Agreement further provides that our General Partner and our officers and directors, will not be liable for monetary damages to us or our limited partners for errors of judgment or for any acts or omissions unless there has been a final and non-appealable judgment by a court of competent jurisdiction determining that our General Partner or our officers or directors engaged in actual fraud or willful misconduct.
 
Rights and remedies of unitholders
The provisions of the Partnership Act resemble the provisions of the limited partnership act of Delaware. For example, like Delaware, the Partnership Act favors the principles of freedom of contract and enforceability of Partnership Agreements and allows the Partnership Agreement to contain terms governing the rights of the unitholders. The rights of our unitholders, including voting and approval rights and our ability to issue additional units, are governed by the terms of our Partnership Agreement.
 
As to remedies of unitholders, the Partnership Act permits a limited partner to institute legal action on behalf of the partnership to recover damages from a third-party where a General Partner or a Board of Directors has refused to institute the action or where an effort to cause a General Partner or a Board of Directors to do so is not likely to succeed. These actions include actions against a General Partner for breach of its fiduciary duties or of the Partnership Agreement.
 
In becoming one of our limited partners, a common unitholder effectively agrees to be bound by the provisions in the Partnership Agreement, including the provisions discussed above. The failure of a limited partner or transferee to sign a Partnership Agreement does not render the Partnership Agreement unenforceable against that person.
Under the Partnership Agreement, we must indemnify our General Partner and our directors and officers to the fullest extent permitted by law, against liabilities, costs and expenses incurred by our General Partner or these other persons. We must provide this indemnification unless there has been a final and non-appealable judgment by a court of competent jurisdiction determining that these persons engaged in actual fraud or willful misconduct. We also must provide this indemnification for criminal proceedings when our General Partner or these other persons acted with no reasonable cause to believe that their conduct was unlawful. Thus, our General Partner and our directors and officers could be indemnified for their negligent acts if they met the requirements set forth above. To the extent that these provisions purport to include indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Act, in the opinion of the Securities and Exchange Commission, such indemnification is contrary to public policy and therefore unenforceable.
C.            INTERESTS OF EXPERTS AND COUNSEL
Not applicable.
ITEM 8.
FINANCIAL INFORMATION
A.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS AND OTHER FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Please see "Item 18. Financial Statements" below for additional information required to be disclosed under this item.
Legal Proceedings
From time to time we may be subject to legal proceedings and claims in the ordinary course of our business, principally personal injury and property casualty claims.  These claims, even if lacking merit, could result in the expenditure of significant financial and managerial resources.  We are not aware of any legal proceedings or claims that we believe will have, individually or in the aggregate, a material adverse effect on us.
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Our Cash Distribution Policy
Rationale for Our Cash Distribution Policy
Our cash distribution policy reflects a judgment that our unitholders will be better served by our distributing our available cash rather than retaining it because, in general, we plan to finance any expansion capital expenditures from external financing sources. Our cash distribution policy is consistent with the terms of our Partnership Agreement, which requires that we distribute all of our available cash quarterly. Available cash is generally defined to mean, for each quarter cash generated from our business less the amount of cash reserves established by our Board of Directors at the date of determination of available cash for the quarter to provide for the proper conduct of our business (including reserves for our future capital expenditures and anticipated future credit needs subsequent to that quarter), comply with applicable law, any of our debt instruments or other agreements; and provide funds for distributions to our unitholders and to our General Partner for any one or more of the next four quarters, plus, if our Board of Directors so determines, all or any portion of the cash on hand on the date of determination of available cash for the quarter resulting from working capital borrowings made subsequent to the end of such quarter.
Limitations on Cash Distributions and Our Ability to Change Our Cash Distribution Policy
There is no guarantee that unitholders will receive quarterly distributions from us. Our cash distribution policy is subject to certain restrictions and may be changed at any time. Set forth below are certain factors that influence our cash distribution policy:
·
Our unitholders have no contractual or other legal right to receive distributions other than the obligation under our Partnership Agreement to distribute available cash on a quarterly basis, which is subject to the broad discretion of our Board of Directors to establish reserves and other limitations.
·
We are and will be subject to restrictions on distributions under our existing financing arrangements as well as under any new financing arrangements that we may enter into in the future. Our financing arrangements contain financial and other covenants that must be satisfied prior to paying distributions in order to declare and pay such distributions. If we are unable to satisfy the requirements contained in any of our financing arrangements or are otherwise in default under any of those agreements, it could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and our ability to make cash distributions to our unitholders notwithstanding our cash distribution policy.
·
We are required to make substantial capital expenditures to maintain and replace our Fleet. These expenditures may fluctuate significantly over time, particularly as our vessels near the end of their useful lives. In order to minimize these fluctuations, our Partnership Agreement requires us to deduct estimated, as opposed to actual, maintenance and replacement capital expenditures from the amount of cash that we would otherwise have available for distribution to our unitholders. In years when estimated maintenance and replacement capital expenditures are higher than actual maintenance and replacement capital expenditures, the amount of cash available for distribution to unitholders will be lower than if actual maintenance and replacement capital expenditures were deducted.
·
Although our Partnership Agreement requires us to distribute all of our available cash, our Partnership Agreement, including provisions contained therein requiring us to make cash distributions may be amended, with the approval of a majority of the outstanding common units.
·
Even if our cash distribution policy is not modified or revoked, the amount of distributions we pay under our cash distribution policy and the decision to make any distribution is determined by our Board of Directors, taking into consideration the terms of our Partnership Agreement.
·
Under Section 51 of the Partnership Act, we may not make a distribution to our unitholders if the distribution would cause our liabilities to exceed the fair value of our assets.
·
We may lack sufficient cash to pay distributions to our unitholders due to decreases in total operating revenues, decreases in hire rates, the loss of a vessel or increases in operating or general and administrative expenses, principal and interest payments on outstanding debt, taxes, working capital requirements, maintenance and replacement capital expenditures or anticipated cash needs. See "Item 3. Key Information—D. Risk Factors" for a discussion of these factors.
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·
Our ability to make distributions to our unitholders depends on the performance of our subsidiaries and their ability to distribute cash to us. The ability of our subsidiaries to make distributions to us may be restricted by, among other things, the provisions of existing and future indebtedness, applicable limited partnership and limited liability company laws in the Marshall Islands and other laws and regulations.
Distributions on our Units
Series A Preferred Unit Distributions
Series A Preferred Unitholders are entitled under our Partnership Agreement to receive cumulative cash distributions when, as and if declared by our Board of Directors, out of legally available funds for such purpose.  Distributions on Series A Preferred Units are cumulative and accrue at the distribution rate of 9.0%.
Minimum Quarterly Distribution
Common unitholders are entitled under our Partnership Agreement to receive a minimum quarterly distribution of $0.365 per unit, after distributions are made on the Series A Preferred Units but, to the extent we have sufficient cash on hand to pay the distribution, after establishment of cash reserves and payment of fees and expenses.
There is no guarantee that we will pay the minimum quarterly distribution to common unitholders, the general partner or to holders of the incentive distribution rights in any quarter.  Even if our cash distribution policy is not modified or revoked, the amount of distributions paid under our policy and the decision to make any distribution is determined by our Board of Directors, taking into consideration the terms of our Partnership Agreement.  We will be prohibited from making any distributions to unitholders if it would cause an event of default, or an event of default is then existing, under our financing arrangements.  Please read "Item 5.—Operating and Financial Review and Prospects—B. Liquidity and Capital Resources" for a discussion of the restrictions contained in our debt agreements and lease arrangements that may restrict our ability to make distributions.
For information on our distributions for the year ended December 31, 2017, please see "Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects—B. Liquidity and Capital Resources."
Subordination Period
General
Prior to the expiration of the subordination period, the common units had the right to receive distributions of available cash from operating surplus in an amount equal to the minimum quarterly distribution of $0.365 per unit, plus any arrearages in the payment of the minimum quarterly distribution on the common units from prior quarters, before any distributions of available cash from operating surplus may be made on the subordinated units.  Distribution arrearages did not accrue on the subordinated units.  The purpose of the subordinated units was to increase the likelihood that during the subordination period there would be available cash from operating surplus to be distributed on the common units.
On January 23, 2017, upon our payment to unitholders of the quarterly distribution in respect of the fourth quarter of 2016, the conditions set forth in the Partnership Agreement for the conversion of the subordinated units were satisfied and the subordination period expired. At the expiration of the subordination period, the 14,985,000 subordinated units owned by the Sponsor converted into common units on a one-for-one basis.

Incentive Distribution Rights
Incentive distribution rights represent the right to receive an increasing percentage of quarterly distributions of available cash from operating surplus after the minimum quarterly distribution and the target distribution levels have been achieved.  Our General Partner currently holds the incentive distribution rights.  The incentive distribution rights may be transferred separately from our general partner interest, subject to restrictions in the Partnership Agreement. Subsequent to December 31, 2016, the General Partner or any other holder of incentive distribution rights may transfer any or all of its incentive distribution rights without unitholder approval. Any transfer by our general partner of the incentive distribution rights would not change the percentage allocations of quarterly distributions with respect to such rights.
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The following table illustrates the percentage allocations of the additional available cash from operating surplus among the unitholders, our General Partner and the holders of the incentive distribution rights up to the various target distribution levels.  The amounts set forth under "Marginal Percentage Interest in Distributions" are the percentage interests of the unitholders, our General Partner and the holders of the incentive distribution rights in any available cash from operating surplus we distribute up to and including the corresponding amount in the column "Total Quarterly Distribution Target Amount," until available cash from operating surplus we distribute reaches the next target distribution level, if any.  The percentage interests shown for the unitholders, our General Partner and the holders of the incentive distribution rights for the minimum quarterly distribution are also applicable to quarterly distribution amounts that are less than the minimum quarterly distribution.  The percentage interests shown for our General Partner include its 0.1% General Partner interest only and assume that our General Partner has contributed any capital necessary to maintain its 0.1% General Partner interest.
   
Marginal Percentage Interest in Distributions
 
   
Total Quarterly
Distribution Target
Amount
   
Unitholders
   
General
Partner
   
Holders
of IDRs
 
Minimum Quarterly Distribution
 
 
$0.365
     
99.9
%
   
0.1
%
   
0.0
%
First Target Distribution
 
up to $0.420
     
99.9
%
   
0.1
%
   
0.0
%
Second Target Distribution
 
above $0.420 up to $0.456
     
85.0
%
   
0.1
%
   
14.9
%
Third Target Distribution
 
Above $0.456 up to $0.548
     
75.0
%
   
0.1
%
   
24.9
%
Thereafter
 
above $0.548
     
50.0
%
   
0.1
%
   
49.9
%

B.
SIGNIFICANT CHANGES
Not applicable.
ITEM 9.
THE OFFER AND LISTING.
A.
OFFER AND LISTING DETAILS
Our common units started trading on NASDAQ under the symbol "DLNG" on November 13, 2013.  On December 30, 2014, we voluntarily transferred the listing of our common units to the NYSE.  Our common units continue to trade under the ticker symbol "DLNG."  The following table sets forth the high and low prices for the common units since the date of listing for the periods indicated.
For the Year Ended
 
High (US$)
   
Low (US$)
 
December 31, 2013*
   
23.79
     
16.75
 
December 31, 2014
   
25.50
     
13.66
 
December 31, 2015
   
20.95
     
7.80
 
December 31, 2016
   
16.25
     
6.70
 
December 31, 2017
   
17.93
     
10.66
 
 * For the period beginning November 13, 2013

For the Quarter Ended:
High (US$)
 
Low (US$)
 
March 31, 2016
   
11.59
     
6.70
 
June 30, 2016
   
15.72
     
10.81
 
September 30, 2016
   
16.20
     
13.22
 
December 31, 2016
   
16.25
     
12.76
 
March 31, 2017
   
17.83
     
15.9
 
June 30, 2017
   
17.93
     
13.76
 
September 30, 2017
   
15.85
     
13.06
 
December 31, 2017
   
14.27
     
10.66
 
         
Most Recent Six Months:
High (US$)
 
Low (US$)
 
September 2017
   
14.41
     
13.06
 
October 2017
   
14.27
     
13.00
 
November 2017
   
13.97
     
12.21
 
December 2017
   
13.90
     
10.66
 
January 2018
   
12.69
     
10.95
 
February 2018
   
11.65
     
10.15
 
March 2018 (through and including March 8, 2018)
   
10.75
 
   
10.09
 

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Our Series A Preferred Units has been trading on the NYSE under the symbol "DLNG PR A" since July 14, 2015. The following table shows the high and low prices for our Series A Preferred Units:

For the Year Ended
  High (US$)    
Low (US$)
 
December 31, 2015*
   
25.60
     
14.25
 
December 31, 2016
   
25.91
     
14.25
 
December 31, 2017
   
26.98
     
25.11
 
* For the period beginning July 14, 2015
               

For the Quarter Ended:
 
High (US$)
   
Low (US$)
 
March 31, 2016
   
21.35
     
14.25
 
June 30, 2016
   
23.48
     
20.46
 
September 30, 2016
   
25.41
     
22.66
 
December 31, 2016
   
25.91
     
24.51
 
March 31, 2017
   
26.13
     
25.11
 
June 30, 2017
   
26.93
     
25.30
 
September 30, 2017
   
26.98
     
25.97
 
December 31, 2017
   
26.97
     
25.84
 

Most Recent Six Months:
 
High (US$)
   
Low (US$)
 
September 2017
   
26.70
     
26.00
 
October 2017
   
26.94
     
26.25
 
November 2017
   
26.97
     
26.11
 
December 2017
   
26.55
     
25.84
 
January 2018
   
26.38
     
25.93
 
February 2018
   
26.15
     
25.36
 
March 2018 (through and including March 8, 2018)
   
26.13
 
   
25.77
 

In addition, our 2019 Notes started trading on the NYSE on December 30, 2014 under the ticker symbol "DLNG 19."
ITEM 10.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
A.
SHARE CAPITAL
Not applicable.
B.
MEMORANDUM AND ARTICLES OF ASSOCIATION
The information required to be disclosed under Item 10.B. is incorporated by reference to our Registration Statement on Form 8-A filed with the SEC on November 8, 2013 and our Registration Statement on Form 8-A filed with the SEC on July 23, 2015. As of the date of this Annual Report, we have a total of 35,490,000 common units issued and outstanding and no subordinated units issued or outstanding.
C.
MATERIAL CONTRACTS
Attached as exhibits to this Annual Report are the contracts we consider to be both material and not entered into in the ordinary course of business. Descriptions are included within Item 5.B. with respect to our credit facilities, and Item 7.B. with respect to our related party transactions.  Other than these contracts, we have no other material contracts, other than contracts entered into in the ordinary course of business, to which we are a party.
D.            EXCHANGE CONTROLS
We are not aware of any governmental laws, decrees or regulations, including foreign exchange controls, in the Republic of The Marshall Islands that restrict the export or import of capital, or that affect the remittance of dividends or distributions, interest or other payments to non-resident holders of our securities.
We are not aware of any limitations on the right of non-resident or foreign owners to hold or vote our securities imposed by the laws of the Republic of The Marshall Islands or our Partnership Agreement.
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E.            TAXATION
UNITED STATES TAX CONSIDERATIONS
The following discussion is a summary of the material United States federal income tax considerations relevant to us and to a U.S. Holder and Non-U.S. Holder (each defined below) of our common units.  This discussion is based on advice received by us from Seward & Kissel LLP, our United States counsel.  This discussion does not purport to deal with the tax consequences of owning common units to all categories of investors, some of which (such as dealers in securities or currencies, investors whose functional currency is not the United States dollar, financial institutions, regulated investment companies, real estate investment trusts, tax-exempt organizations, insurance companies, persons holding our common units as part of a hedging, integrated, conversion or constructive sale transaction or a straddle, persons liable for alternative minimum tax and persons who are investors in pass-through entities) may be subject to special rules. This discussion only applies to unitholders who (i) own our common units as a capital asset and (ii) own less than 10% of our common units. Unitholders are encouraged to consult their own tax advisors with respect to the specific tax consequences to them of purchasing, holding or disposing of common units.
This discussion is based upon provisions of the Code, Treasury Regulations, and current administrative rulings and court decisions, all as in effect or existence on the date of this Annual Report and all of which are subject to change, possibly with retroactive effect. Changes in these authorities may cause the tax consequences of unit ownership to vary substantially from the consequences described below. Unless the context otherwise requires, references in this section to "we,", "our" or "us" are references to Dynagas LNG Partners LP.
Election to be Treated as a Corporation
We have elected to be treated as a corporation for United States federal income tax purposes. As a result, we will be subject to United States federal income tax to the extent we earn income from United States sources or income that is treated as effectively connected with the conduct of a trade or business in the United States unless such income is exempt from tax under an applicable tax treaty or Section 883 of the Code. In addition, among other things, United States Holders (as defined below) will not directly be subject to United States federal income tax on our income, but rather will be subject to United States federal income tax on distributions received from us and on dispositions of units as described below.
United States Federal Income Taxation of Our Partnership
Taxation of Operating Income: In General
Unless exempt from United States federal income taxation under the rules discussed below, a foreign corporation is subject to United States federal income taxation in respect of any income that is derived from the use of vessels, from the hiring or leasing of vessels for use on a time, voyage or bareboat charter basis, from the participation in a pool, partnership, strategic alliance, joint venture, code sharing arrangements or other joint venture it directly or indirectly owns or participates in that generates such income, or from the performance of services directly related to those uses, which we refer to as "shipping income," to the extent that the shipping income is derived from sources within the United States. For these purposes, 50% of shipping income that is attributable to transportation that begins or ends, but that does not both begin and end, in the United States constitutes income from sources within the United States, which we refer to as "U.S.-source shipping income."
Shipping income attributable to transportation that both begins and ends in the United States is considered to be 100% from sources within the United States. We are not permitted by law to engage in transportation that produces income which is considered to be 100% from sources within the United States.
Shipping income attributable to transportation exclusively between non-United States ports will be considered to be 100% derived from sources outside the United States. Shipping income derived from sources outside the United States will not be subject to any United States federal income tax.
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In the absence of exemption from tax under Section 883, our gross U.S.-source shipping income would be subject to a 4% tax imposed without allowance for deductions as described below.
Exemption of Operating Income from United States Federal Income Taxation
Under Section 883 of the Code, we will be exempt from United States federal income taxation on our U.S.-source shipping income if:

·
we are organized in a foreign country (our "country of organization") that grants an "equivalent exemption" to corporations organized in the United States; and
either
·
more than 50% of the value of our units is owned, directly or indirectly, by individuals who are "residents" of our country of organization or of another foreign country that grants an "equivalent exemption" to corporations organized in the United States, which we refer to as the "50% Ownership Test," or
·
our units are "primarily and regularly traded on an established securities market" in our country of organization, in another country that grants an "equivalent exemption" to United States corporations, or in the United States, which we refer to as the "Publicly-Traded Test."
The Marshall Islands and Malta, the jurisdictions where we and our ship-owning subsidiaries are incorporated, grant an "equivalent exemption" to United States corporations. Therefore, we will be exempt from United States federal income taxation with respect to our U.S.-source shipping income if we satisfy either the 50% Ownership Test or the Publicly-Traded Test. It may be difficult for us to satisfy the 50% Ownership Test due to the widely-held ownership of our stock. Our ability to satisfy the Publicly-Traded Test is discussed below.
The regulations provide, in pertinent part, that stock of a foreign corporation will be considered to be "primarily traded" on an established securities market if the number of shares of each class of stock that are traded during any taxable year on all established securities markets in that country exceeds the number of shares in each such class that are traded during that year on established securities markets in any other single country. For the taxable year ended December 31, 2017, our common units were "primarily traded" on the NYSE.
Under the regulations, our units will be considered to be "regularly traded" on an established securities market if one or more classes of our units representing more than 50% or more of our outstanding units, by total combined voting power of all classes of units entitled to vote and total value, is listed on the market which we refer to as the listing threshold. Since our common units, which represent more than 50% of our outstanding units, were listed on the NYSE during 2017, we currently satisfy the listing requirement.
It is further required that with respect to each class of stock relied upon to meet the listing threshold (i) such class of the stock is traded on the market, other than in minimal quantities, on at least 60 days during the taxable year or 1/6 of the days in a short taxable year; and (ii) the aggregate number of shares of such class of stock traded on such market is at least 10% of the average number of shares of such class of stock outstanding during such year or as appropriately adjusted in the case of a short taxable year. We believe we satisfied the trading frequency and trading volume tests for the taxable year ended December 31, 2017. Even if this were not the case, the regulations provide that the trading frequency and trading volume tests will be deemed satisfied by a class of stock if, as we expect to be the case with our common units, such class of stock is traded on an established market in the United States and such class of stock is regularly quoted by dealers making a market in such stock.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, the regulations provide, in pertinent part, our common units will not be considered to be "regularly traded" on an established securities market for any taxable year in which 50% or more of our outstanding common units are owned, actually or constructively under specified attribution rules, on more than half the days during the taxable year by persons who each own 5% or more of the voting power and value of our common units, which we refer to as the "5 Percent Override Rule."
For purposes of being able to determine the persons who own 5% or more of our common units, or "5% Unitholders," the regulations permit us to rely on Schedule 13G and Schedule 13D filings with the SEC to identify persons who have a 5% or more beneficial interest in our common units. The regulations further provide that an investment company which is registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, will not be treated as a 5% Unitholder for such purposes.
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For more than half the days of our taxable year ended December 31, 2017, less than 50% of our common units were owned by 5% Unitholders.  Therefore, we believe that we were not subject to the 5 Percent Override Rule for 2017.  However, there is no assurance that we will continue to qualify for exemption under Section 883.  For example, we could be subject to the 5% Override Rule if our 5% Unitholders were to own 50% or more of the common units.  It is noted that holders of our common units are limited to owning 4.9% of the voting power of such common units.  Assuming that such limitation is treated as effective for purposes of determining voting power under Section 883, our 5% Unitholders could not own 50% of more of our common units.  If contrary to these expectations, our 5% Unitholders were to own 50% or more of the common units, then we would be subject to the 5% Override Rule unless it could establish that, among the common units owned by the 5% Unitholders, sufficient common units were owned by qualified unitholders to preclude non-qualified unitholders from owning 50 percent or more of our common units for more than half the number of days during the taxable year.  These requirements are onerous and there is no assurance that we will be able to satisfy them.
Based on the foregoing, we believe that we satisfied the publicly traded test for our taxable year ended December 31, 2017.
Taxation In Absence of Exemption
To the extent the benefits of Section 883 are unavailable, our U.S.-source shipping income, to the extent not considered to be "effectively connected" with the conduct of a United States trade or business, as described below, would be subject to a 4% tax imposed by Section 887 of the Code on a gross basis, without the benefit of deductions. Since under the sourcing rules described above, no more than 50% of our shipping income would be treated as being derived from United States sources, the maximum effective rate of United States federal income tax on our shipping income would never exceed 2% under the 4% gross basis tax regime.
To the extent the benefits of the Section 883 exemption are unavailable and our U.S.-source shipping income is considered to be "effectively connected" with the conduct of a United States trade or business, as described below, any such "effectively connected" U.S.-source shipping income, net of applicable deductions, would be subject to the United States federal corporate income tax currently imposed at rates of up to 21%. In addition, we may be subject to the 30% branch profits tax on earnings effectively connected with the conduct of such trade or business, as determined after allowance for certain adjustments, and on certain interest paid or deemed paid attributable to the conduct of its United States trade or business.
Our U.S.-source shipping income would be considered "effectively connected" with the conduct of a U.S. trade or business only if:
·
we have, or are considered to have, a fixed place of business in the United States involved in the earning of shipping income; and
·
substantially all of our U.S.-source shipping income is attributable to regularly scheduled transportation, such as the operation of a vessel that follows a published schedule with repeated sailings at regular intervals between the same points for voyages that begin or end in the United States.
We do not intend to have, or permit circumstances that would result in having any vessel operating to the United States on a regularly scheduled basis. Based on the foregoing and on the expected mode of our shipping operations and other activities, we believe that none of our U.S.-source shipping income will be "effectively connected" with the conduct of a United States trade or business.
United States Taxation of Gain on Sale of Vessels
Regardless of whether we qualify for exemption under Section 883, we will not be subject to United States federal income taxation with respect to gain realized on a sale of a vessel, provided the sale is considered to occur outside of the United States under United States federal income tax principles. In general, a sale of a vessel will be considered to occur outside of the United States for this purpose if title to the vessel, and risk of loss with respect to the vessel, pass to the buyer outside of the United States. It is expected that any sale of a vessel by us will be considered to occur outside of the United States.
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U.S. Federal Income Taxation of U.S. Holders
As used herein, the term "U.S. Holder" means a beneficial owner of our common units that owns (actually or constructively) less than 10% of our equity and that is:
·
an individual citizen or resident of the United States (as determined for United States federal income tax purposes),
·
a corporation (or other entity that is classified as a corporation for United States federal income tax purposes) organized under the laws of the United States or any of its political subdivisions),
·
an estate the income of which is subject to United States federal income taxation regardless of its source, or
·
a trust if (i) a court within the United States is able to exercise primary jurisdiction over the administration of the trust and one or more United States persons have the authority to control all substantial decisions of the trust or (ii) the trust has a valid election in effect to be treated as a United States person for United States federal income tax purposes.
Distributions
Subject to the discussion below of the rules applicable to PFICs, any distributions to a U.S. Holder made by us with respect to our common units generally will constitute dividends, which may be taxable as ordinary income or "qualified dividend income" as described in more detail below, to the extent of our current and accumulated earnings and profits, as determined under United States federal income tax principles. Distributions in excess of our earnings and profits will be treated first as a nontaxable return of capital to the extent of the U.S. Holder's tax basis in its common units and thereafter as capital gain. U.S. Holders that are corporations generally will not be entitled to claim a dividends received deduction with respect to distributions they receive from us because we are not a United States corporation. Dividends received with respect to our common units generally will be treated as "passive category income" for purposes of computing allowable foreign tax credits for United States federal income tax purposes.
Dividends received with respect to our common units by a U.S. Holder that is an individual, trust or estate (or a U.S. Individual Holder) generally will be treated as "qualified dividend income" which are taxable to such U.S. Individual Holder at preferential long-term capital gains tax rates provided that: (i) our common units are readily tradable on an established securities market in the United States (such as the NYSE on which our common units are traded); (ii) we are not a PFIC for the taxable year during which the dividend is paid or the immediately preceding taxable year (which we do not believe we are, have been or will be, as discussed below under "—PFIC Status and Significant Tax Consequences"); (iii) the U.S. Individual Holder has owned the common units for more than 60 days during the 121-day period beginning 60 days before the date on which the common units become ex-dividend (and has not entered into certain risk limiting transactions with respect to such common units); and (iv) the U.S. Individual Holder is not under an obligation to make related payments with respect to positions in substantially similar or related property. There is no assurance that any dividends paid on our common units will be eligible for these preferential rates in the hands of a U.S. Individual Holder, and any dividends paid on our common units that are not eligible for these preferential rates will be taxed as ordinary income to a U.S. Individual Holder.
Special rules may apply to any amounts received in respect of our common units that are treated as "extraordinary dividends." In general, an extraordinary dividend is a dividend with respect to a common unit that is equal to or in excess of 10% of a unitholder's adjusted tax basis (or fair market value upon the unitholder's election) in such common unit. In addition, extraordinary dividends include dividends received within a one year period that, in the aggregate, equal or exceed 20% of a unitholder's adjusted tax basis (or fair market value). If we pay an "extraordinary dividend" on our common units that is treated as "qualified dividend income," then any loss recognized by a U.S. Individual Holder from the sale or exchange of such common units will be treated as long-term capital loss to the extent of the amount of such dividend.
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Sale, Exchange or Other Disposition of Common Units
Subject to the discussion of PFIC status below, a U.S. Holder generally will recognize capital gain or loss upon a sale, exchange or other disposition of our units in an amount equal to the difference between the amount realized by the U.S. Holder from such sale, exchange or other disposition and the U.S. Holder's adjusted tax basis in such units. The U.S. Holder's initial tax basis in its units generally will be the U.S. Holder's purchase price for the units and that tax basis will be reduced (but not below zero) by the amount of any distributions on the units that are treated as non-taxable returns of capital (as discussed above under "Distributions" and "Ratio of Dividend Income to Distributions"). Such gain or loss will be treated as long-term capital gain or loss if the U.S. Holder's holding period is greater than one year at the time of the sale, exchange or other disposition. Certain U.S. Holders (including individuals) may be eligible for preferential rates of United States federal income tax in respect of long-term capital gains. A U.S. Holder's ability to deduct capital losses is subject to limitations. Such capital gain or loss generally will be treated as United States source income or loss, as applicable, for United States foreign tax credit purposes.
PFIC Status and Significant Tax Consequences
Adverse United States federal income tax rules apply to a U.S. Holder that owns an equity interest in a non-United States corporation that is classified as a PFIC for U.S. federal income tax purposes. In general, we will be treated as a PFIC with respect to a U.S. Holder if, for any taxable year in which the holder held our units, either:
·
at least 75% of our gross income (including the gross income of our vessel-owning subsidiaries) for such taxable year consists of passive income (e.g., dividends, interest, capital gains and rents derived other than in the active conduct of a rental business); or
·
at least 50% of the average value of the assets held by us (including the assets of our vessel-owning subsidiaries) during such taxable year produce, or are held for the production of, passive income.
For purposes of determining whether we are a PFIC, we will be treated as earning and owning our proportionate share of the income and assets, respectively, of any of our subsidiary corporations in which we own at least 25% of the value of the subsidiary's stock. Income earned, or deemed earned, by us in connection with the performance of services would not constitute passive income. By contrast, rental income would generally constitute "passive income" unless we were treated under specific rules as deriving our rental income in the active conduct of a trade or business.
Based on our current and projected methods of operation, and an opinion of our United States counsel, we do not believe that we are, nor do we expect to become, a PFIC with respect to any taxable year. We have received an opinion of our United States counsel, Seward &Kissel LLP, in support of this position that concludes that the income our subsidiaries earn from certain of our present time-chartering activities should not constitute passive income for purposes of determining whether we are a PFIC. In addition, we have represented to our United States counsel that we expect that more than 25% of our gross income for our current taxable year and each future year will arise from such time-chartering activities on other income which does not constitute passive income, and more than 50% of the average value of our assets for each such year will be held for the production of such nonpassive income. Assuming the composition of our income and assets is consistent with these expectations, and assuming the accuracy of other representations we have made to our United States counsel for purposes of their opinion, our United States counsel is of the opinion that we should not be a PFIC for our current taxable year or any future year, assuming that our future income and assets would not cause us to run afoul of the income or assets tests for PFIC determination purposes. We believe there is substantial legal authority supporting our position consisting of case law and IRS pronouncements concerning the characterization of income derived from time charters and voyage charters as services income for other tax purposes. However, it should be noted that there is also authority concluding that income derived from time charters should be treated as rental income rather than services income for other tax purposes. Therefore, in the absence of any legal authority specifically relating to the statutory provisions governing PFICs, our United States counsel has advised us that the conclusions reached are not free from doubt, and the IRS or a court could disagree with our position and the opinion of our United States counsel. In addition, although we intend to conduct our affairs in a manner to avoid being classified as a PFIC with respect to any taxable year, we cannot assure you that the nature of our operations will not change in the future.
As discussed more fully below, if we were to be treated as a PFIC for any taxable year, a U.S. Holder would be subject to different taxation rules depending on whether the U.S. Holder makes an election to treat us as a "Qualified Electing Fund," which we refer to as a "QEF election." As an alternative to making a QEF election, a U.S. Holder should be able to make a "mark-to-market" election with respect to our common units, as discussed below. If we are a PFIC, a U.S. Holder will be subject to the PFIC rules described herein with respect to any of our subsidiaries that are PFICs. However, the mark-to-market election discussed below will likely not be available with respect to shares of such PFIC subsidiaries. In addition, if a U.S. Holder owns our common units during any taxable year that we are a PFIC, such U.S. Holder must file IRS Form 8621.
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Taxation of U.S. Holders Making a Timely QEF Election
If a U.S. Holder makes a timely QEF election (or an Electing Holder), then, for United States federal income tax purposes, that holder must report as income for its taxable year its pro rata share of our ordinary earnings and net capital gain, if any, for our taxable years that end with or within the taxable year for which that holder is reporting, regardless of whether or not the Electing Holder received distributions from us in that year. The Electing Holder's adjusted tax basis in the common units will be increased to reflect taxed but undistributed earnings and profits. Distributions of earnings and profits that were previously taxed will result in a corresponding reduction in the Electing Holder's adjusted tax basis in common units and will not be taxed again once distributed. An Electing Holder generally will recognize capital gain or loss on the sale, exchange or other disposition of our common units. A U.S. Holder makes a QEF election with respect to any year that we are a PFIC by filing IRS Form 8621 with its United States federal income tax return. If, contrary to our expectations, we determine that we are treated as a PFIC for any taxable year, we will provide each U.S. Holder with the information necessary to make the QEF election described above.
Taxation of U.S. Holders Making a "Mark-to-Market" Election
If we were to be treated as a PFIC for any taxable year and, as we anticipate, our units were treated as "marketable stock," then, as an alternative to making a QEF election, a U.S. Holder would be allowed to make a "mark-to-market" election with respect to our common units, provided the U.S. Holder completes and files IRS Form 8621 in accordance with the relevant instructions and related Treasury Regulations. If that election is made, the U.S. Holder generally would include as ordinary income in each taxable year the excess, if any, of the fair market value of the U.S. Holder's common units at the end of the taxable year over the holder's adjusted tax basis in the common units. The U.S. Holder also would be permitted an ordinary loss in respect of the excess, if any, of the U.S. Holder's adjusted tax basis in the common units over the fair market value thereof at the end of the taxable year, but only to the extent of the net amount previously included in income as a result of the mark-to-market election. A U.S. Holder's tax basis in its common units would be adjusted to reflect any such income or loss recognized. Gain recognized on the sale, exchange or other disposition of our common units would be treated as ordinary income, and any loss recognized on the sale, exchange or other disposition of the common units would be treated as ordinary loss to the extent that such loss does not exceed the net mark-to-market gains previously included in income by the U.S. Holder. Because the mark-to-market election only applies to marketable stock, however, it would not apply to a U.S. Holder's indirect interest in any of our subsidiaries that were determined to be PFICs.
Taxation of U.S. Holders Not Making a Timely QEF or Mark-to-Market Election
If we were to be treated as a PFIC for any taxable year, a U.S. Holder that does not make either a QEF election or a "mark-to-market" election for that year (or a Non-Electing Holder) would be subject to special rules resulting in increased tax liability with respect to (1) any excess distribution (i.e., the portion of any distributions received by the Non-Electing Holder on our common units in a taxable year in excess of 125% of the average annual distributions received by the Non-Electing Holder in the three preceding taxable years, or, if shorter, the Non-Electing Holder's holding period for the common units), and (2) any gain realized on the sale, exchange or other disposition of the units. Under these special rules:
·
the excess distribution or gain would be allocated ratably over the Non-Electing Holder's aggregate holding period for the common units;
·
the amount allocated to the current taxable year and any taxable year prior to the taxable year we were first treated as a PFIC with respect to the Non-Electing Holder would be taxed as ordinary income; and
·
the amount allocated to each of the other taxable years would be subject to tax at the highest rate of tax in effect for the applicable class of taxpayers for that year, and an interest charge for the deemed deferral benefit would be imposed with respect to the resulting tax attributable to each such other taxable year.
United States Federal Income Taxation of Non-U.S. Holders
A beneficial owner of our common units (other than a partnership or an entity or arrangement treated as a partnership for United States federal income tax purposes) that is not a U.S. Holder is referred to as a Non-U.S. Holder. If you are a partner in a partnership (or an entity or arrangement treated as a partnership for United States federal income tax purposes) holding our common units, should consult your own tax advisor regarding the tax consequences to you of the partnership's ownership of our common units.
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Distributions
Distributions we pay to a Non-U.S. Holder will not be subject to United States federal income tax or withholding tax if the Non-U.S. Holder is not engaged in a United States trade or business. If the Non-U.S. Holder is engaged in a United States trade or business, our distributions will be subject to United States federal income tax to the extent they constitute income effectively connected with the Non-U.S. Holder's United States trade or business. However, distributions paid to a Non-U.S. Holder that is engaged in a trade or business may be exempt from taxation under an income tax treaty if the income arising from the distribution is not attributable to a United States permanent establishment maintained by the Non-U.S. Holder.
Disposition of Units
In general, a Non-U.S. Holder is not subject to United States federal income tax or withholding tax on any gain resulting from the disposition of our common units provided the Non-U.S. Holder is not engaged in a United States trade or business. A Non-U.S. Holder that is engaged in a United States trade or business will be subject to United States federal income tax in the event the gain from the disposition of units is effectively connected with the conduct of such United States trade or business (provided, in the case of a Non-U.S. Holder entitled to the benefits of an income tax treaty with the United States, such gain also is attributable to a U.S. permanent establishment). However, even if not engaged in a United States trade or business, individual Non-U.S. Holders may be subject to tax on gain resulting from the disposition of our common units if they are present in the United States for 183 days or more during the taxable year in which those units are disposed and meet certain other requirements.
Backup Withholding and Information Reporting
In general, payments to a non-corporate U.S. Holder of distributions or the proceeds of a disposition of common units will be subject to information reporting. These payments to a non-corporate U.S. Holder also may be subject to backup withholding if the non-corporate U.S. Holder:
·
fails to provide an accurate taxpayer identification number;
·
is notified by the IRS that it has failed to report all interest or corporate distributions required to be reported on its U.S. federal income tax returns; or
·
in certain circumstances, fails to comply with applicable certification requirements.
Non-U.S. Holders may be required to establish their exemption from information reporting and backup withholding by certifying their status on and appropriate IRS Form W-8.
Backup withholding is not an additional tax. Rather, a unitholder generally may obtain a credit for any amount withheld against its liability for United States federal income tax (and obtain a refund of any amounts withheld in excess of such liability) by timely filing a United States federal income tax return with the IRS.
Individuals who are U.S. Holders (and to the extent specified in applicable Treasury regulations, certain individuals who are Non-U.S. Holders and certain United States entities) who hold "specified foreign financial assets" (as defined in Section 6038D of the Code) are required to file IRS Form 8938 with information relating to the asset for each taxable year in which the aggregate value of all such assets exceeds $75,000 at any time during the taxable year or $50,000 on the last day of the taxable year (or such higher dollar amount as prescribed by applicable Treasury regulations). Specified foreign financial assets would include, among other assets, our common units, unless the shares held through an account maintained with a United States financial institution. Substantial penalties apply to any failure to timely file IRS Form 8938, unless the failure is shown to be due to reasonable cause and not due to willful neglect. Additionally, in the event an individual U.S. Holder (and to the extent specified in applicable Treasury regulations, an individual Non-U.S. Holder or a United States entity) that is required to file IRS Form 8938 does not file such form, the statute of limitations on the assessment and collection of United States federal income taxes of such holder for the related tax year may not close until three years after the date that the required information is filed. U.S. Holders (including U.S. entities) and Non-U.S. Holders are encouraged consult their own tax advisors regarding their reporting obligations under this legislation.
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NON-UNITED STATES TAX CONSIDERATIONS
Marshall Islands Tax Consequences
The following discussion is based upon the opinion of Seward & Kissel LLP, our counsel as to matters of the laws of the Republic of the Marshall Islands, and the current laws of the Republic of the Marshall Islands applicable to persons who do not reside in, maintain offices in or engage in business in the Republic of the Marshall Islands.
Because we and our subsidiaries do not and do not expect to conduct business or operations in the Republic of the Marshall Islands, under current Marshall Islands law you will not be subject to Marshall Islands taxation or withholding on distributions, including upon distribution treated as a return of capital, we make to you as a unitholder. In addition, you will not be subject to Marshall Islands stamp, capital gains or other taxes on the purchase, ownership or disposition of common units, and you will not be required by the Republic of the Marshall Islands to file a tax return relating to your ownership of common units.
EACH PROSPECTIVE UNITHOLDER IS URGED TO CONSULT HIS OWN TAX COUNSEL OR OTHER ADVISOR WITH REGARD TO THE LEGAL AND TAX CONSEQUENCES OF UNIT OWNERSHIP UNDER THEIR PARTICULAR CIRCUMSTANCES.
Taxation of Non-U.K. Holders
Under the United Kingdom Tax Acts, non-U.K. holders will not be subject to any United Kingdom taxes on income or profits (including chargeable (capital) gains) in respect of the acquisition, holding, disposition or redemption of the common units, provided that:
·
we are not treated as carrying on business in the United Kingdom;
·
such holders do not have a fixed base or permanent establishment in the United Kingdom to which such common units pertain; and
·
such holders do not use or hold and are not deemed or considered to use or hold their common units in the course of carrying on a business in the United Kingdom.
A non-United Kingdom resident company or an individual not resident or ordinarily resident in the United Kingdom that carries on a business in the United Kingdom through a partnership is subject to United Kingdom tax on income derived from the business carried on by the partnership in the United Kingdom. Nonetheless, we expect to conduct our affairs in such a manner that we will not be treated as carrying on business in the United Kingdom. Consequently, we expect that non-U.K. Holders will not be considered to be carrying on business in the United Kingdom for the purposes of the United Kingdom Tax Acts solely by reason of the acquisition, holding, disposition or redemption of their common units.
While we do not expect it to be the case, if the arrangements we propose to enter into result in our being considered to carry on business in the United Kingdom for the purposes of the United Kingdom Tax Acts, our unitholders would be considered to be carrying on business in the United Kingdom and would be required to file tax returns with the United Kingdom taxing authority and, subject to any relief provided in any relevant double taxation treaty (including, in the case of holders resident in the United States, the double taxation agreement between the United Kingdom and the United States), would be subject to taxation in the United Kingdom on any income and chargeable gains that are considered to be attributable to the business carried on by us in the United Kingdom.
EACH PROSPECTIVE UNITHOLDER IS URGED TO CONSULT HIS OWN TAX COUNSEL OR OTHER ADVISOR WITH REGARD TO THE LEGAL AND TAX CONSEQUENCES OF UNIT OWNERSHIP UNDER THEIR PARTICULAR CIRCUMSTANCES.
F.
DIVIDENDS AND PAYING AGENTS
Not applicable.
G.
STATEMENTS BY EXPERTS
Not applicable.
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H.
DOCUMENTS ON DISPLAY
Documents concerning us that are referred to herein may be inspected at our principal executive headquarters at 23, Rue Basse, 98000 Monaco . Those documents electronically filed via the SEC's Electronic Data Gathering, Analysis, and Retrieval (or EDGAR) system may also be obtained from the SEC's website at www.sec.gov, free of charge, or from the SEC's Public Reference Section at 100 F Street, NE, Washington, D.C. 20549, at prescribed rates. Further information on the operation of the SEC public reference rooms may be obtained by calling the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330.
I.
SUBSIDIARY INFORMATION
Not applicable.
ITEM 11.
QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
We are exposed to various market risks, including foreign currency fluctuations, changes in interest rates and credit risk. Our policy is to hedge our exposure to these risks where possible, within boundaries deemed appropriate by management. We accomplish this by entering into appropriate derivative instruments and contracts to maintain the desired level of risk exposure.
Our activities expose us primarily to the financial risks of changes in foreign currency exchange rates and interest rates as described below.
Interest Rate Risk
The international shipping industry is capital intensive, requiring significant amounts of investment provided in the form of long-term debt. A significant portion or our debt contains floating interest rates that fluctuate with changes in the financial markets and in particular changes in LIBOR. Increasing interest rates could increase our interest expense and adversely impact our future earnings. In the past we have managed this risk by entering into interest rate swap agreements in which we exchanged fixed and variable interest rates based on agreed upon notional amounts. We have used such derivative financial instruments as risk management tools and not for speculative or trading purposes. In addition, the counterparties to our derivative financial instruments have been major financial institutions, which helped us to manage our exposure to nonperformance of our counterparties under our debt agreements. We have not entered into any derivative instruments such as interest rate swaps since our IPO. As of December 31, 2017, our net effective exposure to floating interest rate fluctuations on our outstanding debt was $477.6.
Our interest expense is affected by changes in the general level of interest rates, particularly LIBOR. As an indication of the extent of our sensitivity to interest rate changes, an increase in LIBOR of 1% would have decreased our net income during the year ended December 31, 2017 by approximately $4.8 million based upon our floating interest bearing debt level during 2017. A corresponding increase in LIBOR during the year ended December 31, 2016, would have decreased our net income by approximately $5.0 million. We expect our sensitivity to interest rate changes to increase in the future if we enter into additional debt agreements in connection with our potential acquisition of the Optional Vessels or other vessels from affiliated or unaffiliated third-parties.
Inflation and Cost Increases
Although inflation has had a moderate impact on operating expenses, interest costs, dry-docking expenses and overhead, we do not expect inflation to have a significant impact on direct costs in the current and foreseeable economic environment other than potentially in relation to insurance costs and crew costs. LNG transportation is a specialized area and the number of vessels has increased rapidly. Therefore, there has been an increased demand for qualified crews, which has, and may continue to, put inflationary pressure on crew costs.
Foreign Currency Exchange Risk
We generate all of our revenue in U.S. dollars, and the majority of our expenses are denominated in U.S. dollars. However, a portion of our vessel operating, voyage and the majority of our dry-docking related expenses, primarily vessel repairs and spares, consumable stores, port expenses and the majority of our administrative expenses, are denominated in currencies other than the U.S. dollar. For the year ended December 31, 2017, we incurred approximately 28.2% of our operating expenses (including class survey costs) and 32.0% of our unaffiliated general and administrative expenses in currencies other than the U.S. dollar compared to 18.9% of our operating expenses and 23.7% of our general and administrative expenses for the year ended December 31, 2016. For accounting purposes, expenses incurred in currencies other than the U.S. dollar are converted into U.S. dollars at the exchange rate prevailing on the date of each transaction. Because a significant portion of our expenses are incurred in currencies other than the U.S. dollar, our expenses may from time to time increase relative to our revenues as a result of fluctuations in exchange rates, which could affect the amount of net income that we report in future periods. As of December 31, 2017 and 2016, the net effect of a 1% adverse movement in U.S. dollar exchange rates would not have a material effect on our net income.
113



We do not currently hedge movements in currency exchange rates, but our management monitors exchange rate fluctuations on a continuous basis. We may seek to hedge this currency fluctuation risk in the future.
Concentration of Credit Risk
The market for our services is the seaborne transportation of LNG, and the charterers consist primarily of major gas companies, oil and gas traders and independent and government-owned gas producers. For the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016, four and three charterers, respectively, individually accounted for all of our revenues:
 
Charterer
 
2017
   
2016
 
Gazprom
   
72
%
   
66
%
Statoil
   
19
%
   
16
%
Shell
   
6
%
   
18
%
PetroChina
   
3
%
   
-
 
Total
   
100
%
   
100
%

Ongoing credit evaluations of our charterers are performed and we generally do not require collateral in our business agreements. Typically, under our time charters, the customer pays for the month's charter the first day of each month, which reduces our level of credit risk. Provisions for potential credit losses are maintained when necessary.
We have bank deposits that expose us to credit risk arising from possible default by the counterparty. We manage the risk by using credit-worthy financial institutions.
ITEM 12.
DESCRIPTION OF SECURITIES OTHER THAN EQUITY SECURITIES
Not applicable.
PART II
ITEM 13.
DEFAULTS, DIVIDEND ARREARAGES AND DELINQUENCIES
None.
  ITEM 14.
MATERIAL MODIFICATIONS TO THE RIGHTS OF SECURITY HOLDERS AND USE OF PROCEEDS
None.
ITEM 15.
CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
A.            Disclosure Controls and Procedures
Management assessed the effectiveness of the design and operation of the Partnership's disclosure controls and procedures pursuant to Rule 13a-15(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, which we refer to as the Exchange Act, as of the end of the period covered by this Annual Report on Form 20-F, which we refer to as the evaluation date. Disclosure controls and procedures are defined under SEC rules as controls and other procedures that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by a company in the reports that it files or submits under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within required time periods. Disclosure controls and procedures include controls and procedures designed to ensure that information is accumulated and communicated to the issuer's management, including its principal executive and principal financial officers, or persons performing similar functions, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosures.
There are inherent limitations to the effectiveness of any system of disclosure controls and procedures, including the possibility of human error and the circumvention or overriding of the controls and procedures. Accordingly, even effective disclosure controls and procedures can only provide reasonable assurance of achieving their control objectives.
Based upon that evaluation the Principal Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer concluded that the Partnership's disclosure controls and procedures are effective as of the evaluation date.
114



B.            Management's Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting
Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) promulgated under the Exchange Act.
Internal control over financial reporting is defined in Rule 13a-15(f) or 15d-15(f) promulgated under the Exchange Act as a process designed by, or under the supervision of, the Partnership's principal executive and principal financial officer and effected by the Partnership's board of directors, management and other personnel, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles and includes those policies and procedures that:
·
Pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the Partnership;
·
Provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that our receipts and expenditures are being made only in accordance with authorizations of Partnership's management and directors; and
·
Provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of our assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree or compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
Management conducted the evaluation of the effectiveness of the internal controls over financial reporting using the control criteria framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission, or COSO, published in its report entitled Internal Control-Integrated Framework (2013).
Our management with the participation of our Principal Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer assessed the effectiveness of the design and operation of the Partnership's internal controls over financial reporting pursuant to Rule 13a-15 of the Exchange Act as of December 31, 2017. Based upon that evaluation, management, including the Principal Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer, concluded that the Partnership's internal controls over financial reporting are effective as of December 31, 2017.
C.
Attestation Report of the Registered Public Accounting Firm
This Annual Report does not include an attestation report of the Partnership's registered public accounting firm regarding internal control over financial reporting. Management's report was not subject to attestation by the Partnership's registered public accounting firm, since, as an "emerging growth company", we are exempt from having our independent auditor assess our internal control over financial reporting under Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act.
D.
Changes in internal control over financial reporting
There were no changes in our internal controls over financial reporting that occurred during the period covered by this Annual Report that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Partnership's internal control over financial reporting.
ITEM 16.
[RESERVED]
ITEM 16A.
AUDIT COMMITTEE FINANCIAL EXPERT
Our Board of Directors has determined that Alexios Rodopoulos qualifies as an audit committee financial expert and is independent under applicable NYSE and SEC standards.
115



ITEM 16B.
CODE OF ETHICS
We have adopted the Dynagas LNG Partners LP Corporate Code of Business Ethics and Conduct that applies to all of our employees and our officers and directors. This document is available under the "Corporate Governance" tab in the "Company" section of our website (www.dynagaspartners.com). We intend to disclose, under this tab of our website, any waivers to or amendments of the Dynagas LNG Partners LP Corporate Code of Business Ethics and Conduct for the benefit of any of our directors and executive officers.
Unitholders may also request a copy of our Corporate Code of Business Ethics and Conduct at no cost by writing or telephoning us at: Dynagas LNG Partners LP, 23, Rue Basse, 98000 Monaco, Tel: + 377 9999 6445.
ITEM 16C.
PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES
Our principal accountant for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016 was Ernst & Young (Hellas) Certified Auditors Accountants S.A.
Fees Incurred by the Partnership for Ernst& Young (Hellas) Certified Auditors Accountants S.A. 's Services
In 2017 and 2016, the fees rendered by the auditors were as follows:
   
2017
   
2016
 
Audit Fees
 
139,000
   
131,000
 
Audit-Related Fees
   
-
     
-
 
Tax Fees
   
6,000
     
7,000
 
All Other Fees
   
-
     
-
 
   
145,000
   
138,000
 

Audit Fees
Audit fees for 2017 and 2016 include fees related to (i) audit of the consolidated financial statements of the Partnership, (ii) the review of the quarterly financial information and (iii) services in connection with the registration statements and related consents and comfort letters and any other audit services required for SEC or other regulatory filings by the Partnership or its subsidiaries.
Audit-Related Fees
None.
Tax Fees
Tax fees billed during the year ended December 31, 2017 amounted to approximately $6,700, which were related Ernst & Young's review of our earnings and profit computations enabling us to report to our investors whether or not our corporate distributions are taxable, as determined under United States federal income tax principles.
  The audit committee has the authority to pre-approve permissible audit-related and non-audit services not prohibited by law to be performed by our independent auditors and associated fees.  Engagements for proposed services either may be separately pre-approved by the audit committee or entered into pursuant to detailed pre-approval policies and procedures established by the audit committee, as long as the audit committee is informed on a timely basis of any engagement entered into on that basis.  The audit committee separately pre-approved all engagements and fees paid to our principal accountant for all periods in 2017 and 2016.
ITEM 16D.
EXEMPTIONS FROM THE LISTING STANDARDS FOR AUDIT COMMITTEES
Not applicable.
ITEM 16E.
PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES BY THE ISSUER AND AFFILIATED PURCHASERS
Not applicable.
116



ITEM 16F.
CHANGE IN REGISTRANTS' CERTIFYING ACCOUNTANT
Not applicable.
ITEM 16G.            CORPORATE GOVERNANCE
Pursuant to an exception under the NYSE listing standards available to foreign private issuers, we are not required to comply with all of the corporate governance practices followed by U.S. companies under the NYSE listing standards, which are available at www.nyse.com.  Pursuant to Section 303.A.11 of the NYSE Listed Company Manual, we are required to list the significant differences between our corporate governance practices and the NYSE standards applicable to listed U.S. companies.  Set forth below is a list of those differences:
·
Executive Sessions.  The NYSE requires that non-management directors meet regularly in executive sessions without management.  The NYSE also requires that all independent directors meet in an executive session at least once a year.  As permitted under Marshall Islands law and our Partnership Agreement, our non-management directors do not regularly hold executive sessions without management and we do not expect them to do so in the future.
·
Nominating/Corporate Governance Committee .  The NYSE   requires that a listed U.S. company have a nominating/corporate governance committee of independent directors and a committee charter specifying the purpose, duties and evaluation procedures of the committee.  As permitted under Marshall Islands law and our Partnership Agreement, we do not currently have a nominating or corporate governance committee.
·
Audit Committee .  The NYSE requires, among other things, that a listed U.S. company have an audit committee with a minimum of three members, all of whom are independent.  As permitted by Rule 10A-3 under the Exchange Act, our audit committee consists of two independent members of our Board, Alexios Rodopoulos and Evangelos Vlahoulis .
·
Corporate Governance Guidelines .  The NYSE   requires that a listed U.S. Company adopt and disclose corporate governance guidelines.  The guidelines must address, among other things: director qualification standards, director responsibilities, director access to management and independent advisers, director compensation, director orientation and continuing education, management succession and an annual performance evaluation.  We are not required to adopt such guidelines under Marshall Islands law or our Partnership Agreement and we have not adopted such guidelines.
·
Proxies . As a foreign private issuer, we are not required to solicit proxies or provide proxy statements to the NYSE pursuant to the NYSE corporate governance rules or Marshall Islands law. Consistent with Marshall Islands law and as provided in our Partnership Agreement, we will notify our unitholders of meetings between 10 and 60 days before the meeting. This notification will contain, among other things, information regarding business to be transacted at the meeting. In addition, our Partnership Agreement provides that any unitholder or group of unitholders that beneficially own 15% or more of our outstanding common units are entitled to nominate directors for election at an annual meeting if written notice is given to the Board of Directors not more than 120 days and not less than 90 days prior to the date of the annual meeting.
Other than as noted above, we are in compliance with all NYSE corporate governance standards applicable to U.S. domestic issuers. We believe that our established corporate governance practices satisfy the NYSE's listing standards.
ITEM 16H.
MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURE
Not applicable.
PART III
ITEM 17.
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
See Item 18.
117



ITEM 18.
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
The following financial statements, together with the related reports of Ernst & Young (Hellas) Certified Auditors Accountants S.A. , Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm thereon, are filed as part of this Annual Report appearing on pages F-1 through F-29.
ITEM 19.
EXHIBITS
The following exhibits are filed as part of this Annual Report:
Exhibit
Number
 
Description
1.1
 
1.2
 
1.3
 
1.4
 
1.5
 
1.6
 
1.7
 
1.8
 
4.1
 
4.2
 
4.3
 
4.4
 
4.5
 
4.6
 
4.7
 
4.8
 
4.9
 
4.10
 
8.1
 
12.1
 
12.2
 
13.1
 
13.2
 
15.1
 
15.2
 
101.INS
 
XBRL Instance Document
101.SCH
 
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema
101.CAL
 
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase
101.DEF
 
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase
101.LAB
 
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase
101.PRE
 
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase

(1)
Incorporated by reference to the Partnership's Registration Statement on Form F-1, which was declared effective by the Securities and Exchange Commission on November 12, 2013 (Registration No. 333-191653)
118



(2)
Incorporated by reference to the Partnership's Annual Report on Form 20-F, which was filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 25, 2014
(3)
Incorporated by reference to the Partnership's Registration Statement on Form 8-A12B, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on July 23, 2015.
(4)
Incorporated by reference to the Partnership's Annual Report on Form 20-F, which was filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 10, 2015.
(5)
Incorporated by reference to the Partnership's Annual Report on Form 20-F, which was filed with the Securities and Exchange


119






DYNAGAS LNG PARTNERS LP
INDEX TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 
Page
 
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
F-2
Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2017 and 2016
F-3
Consolidated Statements of Income for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015
F-4
Consolidated Statements of Partners' Equity for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015
F-5
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015
F-6
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
F-7

F-1

 
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
To the Partners and Board of Directors of Dynagas LNG Partners LP
Opinion on the Financial Statements
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Dynagas LNG Partners LP (the Partnership) as of December 31, 2017 and 2016, the related consolidated statements of income, Partners' equity and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2017, and related notes (collectively referred as the "consolidated financial statements"). In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Partnership at December 31, 2017 and 2016, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2017, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.
Basis for Opinion
These financial statements are the responsibility of the Partnership's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Partnership's financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB) and are required to be independent with respect to the Partnership in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. The Partnership is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. As part of our audits we are required to obtain an understanding of internal control over financial reporting but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Partnership's internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion.
Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

/s/ Ernst & Young (Hellas) Certified Auditors Accountants S.A.

We have served as the Partnership's auditor since 2011.


Athens, Greece
March 9, 2018
 
 
 

F-2


DYNAGAS LNG PARTNERS LP
Consolidated Balance Sheets
As of December 31, 2017 and 2016
(Expressed in thousands of U.S. Dollars—except for unit data)

   
Note
   
2017
   
2016
 
ASSETS
                 
CURRENT ASSETS:
                 
Cash and cash equivalents
       
$
67,464
   
$
57,595
 
Trade receivables
   
2(g)
 
   
155
     
100
 
Prepayments and other assets
           
1,103
     
788
 
Inventories
           
799
     
834
 
Due from related party
   
3
     
883
     
878
 
Total current assets
           
70,404
     
60,195
 
                         
FIXED ASSETS, NET:
                       
Vessels, net
   
4
     
977,298
     
1,007,617
 
Total fixed assets, net
           
977,298
     
1,007,617
 
OTHER NON CURRENT ASSETS:
                       
Restricted cash
   
5
     
     
25,000
 
Due from related party
   
3
     
1,350
     
1,350
 
Above-market acquired time charter contract
   
7
     
5,267
     
12,514
 
Total assets
         
$
1,054,319
   
$
1,106,676
 
                         
LIABILITIES AND PARTNERS' EQUITY
                       
CURRENT LIABILITIES:
                       
Current portion of long-term debt, net of unamortized deferred financing fees of $2,145 and $812, respectively
   
5
   
$
2,655
   
$
31,688
 
Trade payables
           
4,497
     
3,058
 
Due to related party, current
   
3
     
72
     
302
 
Accrued liabilities
           
4,051
     
3,750
 
Unearned revenue
           
11,623
     
14,258
 
Total current liabilities
           
22,898
     
53,056
 
NON-CURRENT LIABILITIES:
                       
Deferred revenue
           
1,405
     
1,036
 
Long-term debt, net of current portion and unamortized deferred financing fees of $11,102 and $5,252, respectively
   
5
     
711,698
     
684,748
 
Total non-current liabilities
           
713,103
     
685,784
 
                         
Commitments and contingencies
   
8
     
     
 
PARTNERS' EQUITY:
                       
Common unitholders (unlimited authorized; 35,490,000 units issued and outstanding as at December 31, 2017 and 20,505,000 units issued and outstanding as at December 31, 2016)
   
9
     
245,055
     
302,952
 
Preferred unitholders (3,450,000 authorized; 3,000,000 Series A Preferred Units issued and outstanding as at December 31, 2017 and 2016)
   
9
     
73,216
     
73,216
 
Subordinated unitholders (None issued and outstanding as at December 31, 2017 and 14,985,000 units issued and outstanding as at December 31, 2016)
   
9
     
     
(8,429
)
General Partner (35,526 units issued and outstanding as at December 31, 2017 and 2016)
   
9
     
47
     
97
 
Total partners' equity
           
318,318
     
367,836
 
                         
Total liabilities and partners' equity
         
$
1,054,319
   
$
1,106,676
 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
F-3


DYNAGAS LNG PARTNERS LP
Consolidated Statements of Income
For the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015
(Expressed in thousands of U.S. Dollars—except for unit and per unit data)

   
Note
   
2017
   
2016
   
2015
 
REVENUES:
                       
Voyage revenues
   
7
   
$
138,990
   
$
169,851
   
$
145,202
 
EXPENSES:
                               
Voyage expenses
           
(1,789
)
   
(749
)
   
(983
)
Voyage expenses-related party
   
3
     
(1,830
)
   
(2,212
)
   
(1,821
)
Vessel operating expenses
           
(27,067
)
   
(26,451
)
   
(23,244
)
Dry-docking and special survey costs
           
(6,193
)
   
(81
)
   
 
General and administrative expenses
           
(961
)
   
(1,170
)
   
(1,086
)
General and administrative expenses- related party
   
3
     
(725
)
   
(715
)
   
(719
)
Management fees-related party
   
3
     
(6,162
)
   
(5,999
)
   
(4,870
)
Depreciation
   
4
     
(30,319
)
   
(30,395
)
   
(24,387
)
                                 
Operating income
         
$
63,944
   
$
102,079
   
$
88,092
 
                                 
OTHER INCOME/(EXPENSES):
                               
Interest and finance costs
   
5, 11
     
(46,281
)
   
(34,991
)
   
(27,974
)
Interest income
           
203
     
     
35
 
Other, net
           
(527
)
   
(234
)
   
(103
)
                                 
Total other expenses
           
(46,605
)
   
(35,225
)
   
(28,042
)
                                 
Partnership's Net Income
         
$
17,339
   
$
66,854
   
$
60,050
 
Common unitholders' interest in Net Income
         
$
9,302
   
$
34,652
   
$
32,878
 
Preferred unitholders' interest in Net Income
         
$
6,750
   
$
6,750
   
$
3,019
 
Subordinated unitholders' interest in Net Income
         
$
1,208
   
$
25,323
   
$
24,028
 
General Partner's interest in Net Income
         
$
79
   
$
129
   
$
125
 
Earnings per unit, basic and diluted:
   
10
                         
Common unit (basic and diluted)
         
$
0.27
   
$
1.69
   
$
1.60
 
Weighted average number of units outstanding, basic and diluted:
   
10
                         
Common units
           
34,545,740
     
20,505,000
     
20,505,000
 
               The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
F-4

DYNAGAS LNG PARTNERS LP
Consolidated Statements of Partners' Equity
For the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015
(Expressed in thousands of U.S. Dollars—except for unit data)


                           
Partners' Capital
 
   
Series A Preferred
   
Common
   
Subordinated
   
General Partner
   
Series A Preferred
   
Common
   
Subordinated
   
General Partner
   
Total
 
BALANCE, December 31, 2014
   
     
20,505,000
     
14,985,000
     
35,526
   
$
   
$
304,729
   
$
(7,131
)
 
$
100
   
$
297,698
 
—Net income
   
     
     
     
     
3,019
     
32,878
     
24,028
     
125
     
60,050
 
—Issuance of preferred units, net of issuance costs (Note 9)
   
3,000,000
     
     
     
     
72,297
     
     
     
     
72,297
 
—Distributions declared and paid   (common and preferred units) (Note 9)
   
     
     
     
     
(2,100
)
   
(34,653
)
   
(25,324
)
   
(130
)
   
(62,207
)
BALANCE, December 31, 2015
   
3,000,000
     
20,505,000
     
14,985,000
     
35,526
   
$
73,216
   
$
302,954
   
$
(8,427
)
 
$
95
   
$
367,838
 
—Net income
   
     
     
     
     
6,750
     
34,652
     
25,323
     
129
     
66,854
 
—Distributions declared and paid   (common and preferred units) (Note 9)
   
     
     
     
     
(6,750
)
   
(34,654
)
   
(25,325
)
   
(127
)
   
(66,856
)
BALANCE, December 31, 2016
   
3,000,000
     
20,505,000
     
14,985,000
     
35,526
   
$
73,216
   
$
302,952
   
$
(8,429
)
 
$
97
   
$
367,836
 
—Net income
   
     
     
     
     
6,750
     
9,302
     
1,208
     
79
     
17,339
 
—Conversion of subordinated units to common units (Note 9)
   
     
14,985,000
     
(14,985,000
)
   
     
     
(15,171
)
   
15,171
     
     
 
—Distributions declared and paid   (common and preferred units) (Note 9)
   
     
     
     
     
(6,750
)
   
(52,028
)
   
(7,950
)
   
(129
)
   
(66,857
)
BALANCE, December 31, 2017
   
3,000,000
     
35,490,000
     
     
35,526
   
$
73,216
   
$
245,055
   
$
   
$
47
   
$
318,318
 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
F-5

DYNAGAS LNG PARTNERS LP
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
For the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015
(Expressed in thousands of U.S. Dollars)

   
Note
   
2017
   
2016
   
2015
 
Cash flows from Operating Activities:
                       
Net income:
       
$
17,339
   
$
66,854
   
$
60,050
 
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
                             
Depreciation
   
4
     
30,319
     
30,395
     
24,387
 
Amortization and write-off of deferred financing fees
   
11
     
5,387
     
1,984
     
1,545
 
Deferred revenue amortization
           
369
     
(58
)
   
608
 
Amortization of fair value of acquired time charter
   
7
     
7,247
     
7,268
     
218
 
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
                               
Trade receivables
           
(55
)
   
3
     
(103
)
Prepayments and other assets
           
(315
)
   
(178
)
   
94
 
Inventories
           
35
     
(486
)
   
9
 
Due from/to related party
           
(235
)
   
(346
)
   
292
 
Trade payables
           
1,584
     
(1,105
)
   
1,808
 
Accrued liabilities
           
299
     
155
     
(68
)
Unearned revenue
           
(2,635
)
   
(868
)
   
8,104
 
Net cash provided by Operating Activities
         
$
59,339
   
$
103,618
   
$
96,944
 
                                 
Cash flows from Investing Activities:
                               
Vessel acquisitions and other additions to vessels' cost
   
3(c)
 
   
     
(37,472
)
   
(205,045
)
Net cash used in Investing Activities
         
$
   
$
(37,472
)
 
$
(205,045
)
                                 
Cash flows from Financing Activities:
                               
Decrease/ (Increase) in restricted cash
           
25,000
     
     
(1,000
)
Payment of common and preferred units issuance costs and other filing costs
           
     
(119
)
   
(65
)
Proceeds from issuance of preferred units, net of paid issuance costs
   
9
     
     
     
72,446
 
Payment of securities registration and other filing costs
           
(145
)
   
     
 
Distributions declared and paid
           
(66,857
)
   
(66,856
)
   
(62,207
)
Proceeds from long-term debt
   
5
     
480,000
     
66,667
     
133,333
 
Repayment of long-term debt
           
(474,900
)
   
(32,500
)
   
(20,000
)
Payment of deferred finance fees
           
(12,568
)
   
(36
)
   
(2,062
)
Net cash (used in)/ provided by Financing Activities
         
$
(49,470
)
 
$
(32,844
)
 
$
120,445
 
                                 
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents
           
9,869
     
33,302
     
12,344
 
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of the year
           
57,595
     
24,293
     
11,949
 
Cash and cash equivalents at end of the year
         
$
67,464
   
$
57,595
   
$
24,293
 
SUPPLEMENTAL CASH FLOW INFORMATION
                               
Cash paid during the year for:
                               
Interest
         
$
39,796
   
$
32,781
   
$
25,798
 
Non-cash Investing Activities:
                               
Vessel acquisitions
   
3(c)
 
 
$
     
     
35,000
 

     The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
F-6

1. Partnership Formation and General Information:
Dynagas LNG Partners LP ("Dynagas Partners" or the "Partnership") was incorporated as a limited Partnership on May 30, 2013, under the laws of the Republic of the Marshall Islands. On November 18 2013, the Partnership successfully completed its initial public offering (the "IPO") pursuant to which, (i) the Partnership offered and sold 8,250,000 common units to the public at $18.00 per common unit, and in connection with the closing of the IPO, and (ii) the Partnership's Sponsor, Dynagas Holding Ltd., a company beneficially wholly owned by Mr. George Prokopiou, the Partnership's Chairman and major unitholder and certain of his close family members, offered and sold 4,250,000 common units to the public at $18.00 per common unit. In connection with the IPO, the Partnership entered into certain agreements including: (a) an omnibus agreement with the Sponsor, which was subsequently amended on April 12, 2016 (the "Omnibus Agreement"), which provides the Partnership the right to purchase certain identified liquefied natural gas ("LNG") carrier vessels at a purchase price to be determined pursuant to the terms and conditions contained therein (Note 3(c)) and, (b) a $30 million revolving credit facility with the Sponsor to be used for general Partnership purposes.
The Partnership is engaged in the seaborne transportation industry through the ownership and operation of high specification LNG vessels and is the sole owner (directly or indirectly) of all outstanding shares or units of the following subsidiaries as of December 31, 2017:
Vessel Owning Subsidiaries:
Company Name
Country of incorporation
Vessel Name
Delivery Date
Year Built
Cbm Capacity
Pegasus Shipholding S.A. ("Pegasus")
Marshall Islands
Clean Energy
March 2007
2007
149,700
Lance Shipping S.A. ("Lance")
Marshall Islands
Ob River
July 2007
2007
149,700
Seacrown Maritime Ltd. ("Seacrown")
Marshall Islands
Amur River
January 2008
2008
149,700
Fareastern Shipping Limited ("Fareastern")
Malta
Arctic Aurora
June 2014
2013
155,000
Navajo Marine Limited ("Navajo")
Marshall Islands
Yenisei River
September 2014
2013
155,000
Solana Holding Ltd. ("Solana")
Marshall Islands
Lena River
December 2015
2013
155,000

Non-Vessel Owning Subsidiaries:

Company Name
Country of incorporation
Purpose of incorporation
Dynagas Equity Holding Limited ("Dynagas Equity")
Liberia
Holding company that owns all of the outstanding share capital of Arctic LNG Carriers Ltd. ("Arctic LNG").
 
Dynagas Operating GP LLC ("Dynagas Operating GP")
Marshall Islands
Limited Liability Company in which the Partnership holds a 100% membership interest and which has 100% of the Non-Economic General Partner Interest in Dynagas Operating LP.
 
Dynagas Operating LP ("Dynagas Operating")
Marshall Islands
Limited partnership in which the Partnership holds a 100% limited partnership interest and which owns 100% of the issued and outstanding share capital of Dynagas Equity.
F-7


1. Basis of Presentation and General Information (continued):
 
Dynagas Finance Inc.
Marshall Islands
Wholly owned subsidiary of the Partnership whose activities are limited to co-issuing the Senior Unsecured Notes discussed under Note 5 and engaging in other activities incidental thereto.
 
Arctic LNG
Marshall Islands
Wholly owned subsidiary of the Partnership which is directly wholly owned by Dynagas Equity and which owns all of the issued and outstanding share capital of Pegasus, Lance, Seacrown, Fareastern, Navajo, Solana and Dynagas Finance LLC.
 
Dynagas Finance LLC
Delaware
Wholly owned subsidiary of Arctic LNG and Co-Borrower of the Term Loan B discussed under Note 5.
On May 18, 2017, the Partnership refinanced its then existing secured bank debt with the Term Loan B (defined below, please refer to Note 5). In connection with the refinancing transaction (i) Dynagas Equity contributed 100% of the equity interests in Seacrown, Fareastern, Navajo, Solana to Arctic LNG, and (ii) Quinta Group Corp. and Pelta Holdings S.A., the Partnership's subsidiaries which then owned 100% of the outstanding share capital of Pegasus and Lance, respectively, each contributed 100% of the share capital of Pegasus and Lance to Artic LNG and were subsequently dissolved ((i) and (ii) together, the "Contribution"). Since the Partnership was and continues to be the ultimate shareholder of Arctic LNG, there was no change in the ownership or control of the business as a result of the Contribution, and therefore, the Contribution constitutes a reorganization of companies under common control, and was accounted for in a manner similar to a pooling of interests. Accordingly, the accompanying consolidated financial statements were prepared using the historical carrying costs of the assets and liabilities presented.
Since the Partnership's inception, the technical, administrative and commercial management of the Partnership's fleet is performed by Dynagas Ltd. ("Dynagas" or the "Manager"), a related company, wholly owned by the Partnership's Chairman (Note 3(a)).
As of December 31, 2017, the Partnership's Sponsor owned 44.0% of the outstanding equity interests in the Partnership (excluding the Series A Preferred Units, which, generally, have no voting rights), including the 0.1% general partner interest retained by it, as the general partner, Dynagas GP LLC, is owned and controlled by the Sponsor.
2. Significant Accounting Policies and Recent Accounting Pronouncements:
(a)
Principles of Consolidation: The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with Generally Accepted Accounting Principles in the United States of America ("U.S. GAAP"). The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Dynagas Partners and its wholly-owned subsidiaries. All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated upon consolidation. Dynagas Partners, as the holding company, determines whether it has a controlling financial interest in an entity by first evaluating whether the entity is a voting interest entity or a variable interest entity. Under Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") Accounting Standard Codification ("ASC") 810 "Consolidation" a voting interest entity is an entity in which the total equity investment at risk is deemed sufficient to absorb the expected losses of the entity, the equity holders have all the characteristics of a controlling financial interest and the legal entity is structured with substantive voting rights. The holding company consolidates voting interest entities in which it owns all, or at least a majority (generally, greater than 50%) of the voting interest. Variable interest entities ("VIE") are entities as defined under ASC 810 that in general either has equity investors with non-substantive voting rights or that have equity investors that do not provide sufficient financial resources for the entity to support its activities. The holding company has a controlling financial interest in a VIE and is, therefore, the primary beneficiary of a VIE if it has the power to direct the activities of a VIE that most significantly impact the VIE's economic performance and the obligation to absorb losses or the right to receive benefits that could potentially be significant to the VIE. A VIE should have only one primary beneficiary which is required to consolidate the VIE. A VIE may not have a primary beneficiary if no party meets the criteria described above. The Partnership evaluates all arrangements that may include a variable interest in an entity to determine if it is the primary beneficiary, and would be required to include assets, liabilities and operations of a VIE in its consolidated financial statements. As of December 31, 2017 and 2016, no such interests existed.
F-8


2. Significant Accounting Policies and Recent Accounting Pronouncements (continued):
 (b)
Use of Estimates: The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
(c)
Other Comprehensive Income: The Partnership follows the provisions of ASC 220, "Comprehensive Income" which requires separate presentation of certain transactions which are recorded directly as components of equity. The Partnership has no such transactions which affect other comprehensive income and, accordingly, for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015, comprehensive income equaled net income.
(d)
Foreign Currency Translation: The functional currency of the Partnership is the U.S. Dollar because the Partnership's vessels operate in international shipping markets, and therefore, primarily transact business in U.S. Dollars. The Partnership's books of accounts are maintained in U.S. Dollars. Transactions involving other currencies during the year are converted into U.S. Dollars using the exchange rates in effect at the time of the transactions. At the balance sheet date, monetary assets and liabilities, which are denominated in other currencies, are translated into U.S. Dollars using the balance sheet date exchange rates. Resulting gains or losses are included in Other, net in the accompanying consolidated statements of income.
(e)
Cash and Cash Equivalents: The Partnership considers highly liquid investments such as time deposits with an original maturity of three months or less to be cash equivalents.
(f)
Restricted cash: Restricted cash may comprise of (i) minimum liquidity collateral requirements or minimum required cash deposits that are required to be maintained under the Partnership's financing arrangements, (ii) cash deposits in so-called "retention accounts" which may only be used as per the Partnership's borrowing arrangements for the purpose of serving the loan installments coming due or, (iii) other cash deposits required to be retained until other specified conditions prescribed in the Partnership's debt agreements are met. In the event that the obligation to maintain such deposits is expected to elapse within the next operating cycle, these deposits are classified as current assets. Otherwise they are classified as non-current assets.
(g)
Trade Receivables: The amount shown as trade receivables, net, at each balance sheet date, includes receivables from charterers for hire net of any provision for doubtful accounts. At each balance sheet date, all potentially uncollectible accounts are assessed individually for purposes of determining the appropriate provision for doubtful accounts primarily based on the aging of such balances and any amounts in disputes. Provision for doubtful accounts as of December 31, 2017 and 2016, was nil.
F-9


2. Significant Accounting Policies and Recent Accounting Pronouncements (continued):
(h)
Inventories: Inventories consist of lubricants which are stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value, following the adoption of ASU 2015-11, Simplifying the Measurement of Inventory. Cost is determined by the first in, first out method. Inventories may also consist of bunkers during periods when vessels are unemployed or under voyage charters and spares in warehouses, that are also stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value and cost is still determined by the first in, first out method.
(i)
Insurance Claims: The Partnership records insurance claim recoveries for insured losses incurred on damage to fixed assets, loss of hire and for insured crew medical expenses. Insurance claim recoveries are recorded, net of any deductible amounts, at the time the Partnership's vessels suffer insured damages or when crew medical expenses are incurred, when recovery is probable under the related insurance policies, the Partnership can make an estimate of the amount to be reimbursed following submission of the insurance claim and when the claim is not subject to litigation.
(j)
Vessels, Net: Vessels are stated at cost, which consists of the contract price and any material expenses incurred upon delivery (initial repairs, improvements and delivery expenses, capitalized interest and on-site supervision costs incurred during the construction periods). Subsequent expenditures for conversions and major improvements are also capitalized when they appreciably extend the life, increase the earning capacity or improve the efficiency or safety of the vessels; otherwise these amounts are charged to expense as incurred. The cost of each of the Partnership's vessels is depreciated beginning when the vessel is ready for her intended use, on a straight-line basis over the vessel's remaining economic useful life, after considering the estimated residual value. Effective October 1, 2014, the Partnership's scrap rate estimate is $0.685 per lightweight ton per LNG carrier. Management estimates the useful life of the Partnership's vessels to be 35 years from the date of initial delivery from the shipyard. Secondhand vessels are depreciated from the date of their acquisition through their remaining estimated useful life. When regulations place limitations over the ability of a vessel to trade on a worldwide basis, its remaining useful life is adjusted at the date such regulations are adopted.
(k)
Impairment of Long-Lived Assets: The Partnership follows ASC 360-10-40 "Impairment or Disposals of Long-Lived Assets", which addresses financial accounting and reporting for the impairment or disposal of long-lived assets. The standard requires that long-lived assets held and used by an entity be reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of the assets may not be recoverable. When the estimate of undiscounted projected operating cash flows, excluding interest charges, expected to be generated by the use of the asset is less than its carrying amount, the asset is evaluated for an impairment loss. Measurement of the impairment loss is based on the fair value of the asset. The Partnership reviews its long-lived assets for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances, such as undiscounted projected operating cash flows, business plans to dispose a vessel earlier than the end of its useful life and prevailing market conditions, indicate that the carrying amount of the assets may not be recoverable. When indications are present, the Partnership determines undiscounted projected net operating cash flows, for each vessel and compares it to the vessel's carrying value. The fair values are determined through Level 2 inputs of the fair value hierarchy as defined in ASC 820 "Fair value measurements and disclosures" based on management's estimates and assumptions and by making use of available market data and taking into consideration third party valuations and other market observable data that allow value to be determined. In developing estimates of future cash flows, the Partnership must make assumptions about future charter rates, vessel operating expenses, fleet utilization, and the estimated remaining useful life of the vessels. These assumptions are based on historical trends as well as future expectations. The projected net operating cash flows are determined by considering the charter revenues from existing time charters for the fixed fleet days and an estimated charter rate for the unfixed days. Expected outflows for scheduled vessels' maintenance and vessel operating expenses are based on historical data, and adjusted annually assuming an average annual inflation rate prevailing at the time of test. An estimate is also applied to effective fleet utilization, taking into account the period(s) each vessel is expected to undergo her scheduled maintenance (dry-docking and special surveys) and vessels loss of hire from repositioning or other conditions. Estimates for the remaining estimated useful lives of the current fleet and scrap values are identical with those employed as part of the Partnership's depreciation policy. As of December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015, the Partnership incurred no impairment loss.
F-10



2. Significant Accounting Policies and Recent Accounting Pronouncements (continued):
(l)
Intangible assets/liabilities related to time charter acquired: Where the Partnership identifies any assets or liabilities associated with the acquisition of a vessel, the Partnership records all such identified assets or liabilities at fair value. Fair value is determined by reference to market data. The Partnership values any asset or liability arising from the market value of the time charters assumed when a vessel is acquired. The amount to be recorded as an asset or liability at the date of vessel acquisition is determined by comparing the existing charter rate in the acquired time charter agreement with the market rates for equivalent time charter agreements prevailing at the time the vessel is acquired.  When the present value of the time charter assumed is greater than the current fair value of such charter, the difference is recorded as an asset; otherwise, the difference is recorded as liability. Such assets and liabilities, respectively, are amortized as an adjustment to revenues, over the remaining term of the assumed time charter and are classified as non-current asset/ liability in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. Impairment testing is performed when events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of the intangible asset may not be recoverable.
(m)
Accounting for Special Survey and Dry-Docking Costs: The Partnership follows the direct expense method of accounting for dry-docking and special survey costs where such are expensed in the period incurred. The vessels undergo dry-dock or special survey approximately every five years during the first fifteen years of their life and, subsequently, every two and a half years to the end of their useful life. Costs relating to routine repairs and maintenance are also expensed as incurred.
(n)
Financing Costs: Costs associated with long-term debt, including fees paid to lenders or required to be paid to third parties on the lender's behalf for obtaining debt financing or refinancing existing one, are recorded contra to long-term debt. Such fees are deferred and amortized to interest and finance costs during the life of the related debt instrument using the effective interest method. Unamortized fees relating to loans repaid or refinanced as debt extinguishments and loan commitment fees are expensed as interest and finance costs in the period incurred in the accompanying statements of income. Any unamortized balance of costs relating to refinanced long-term debt are deferred and amortized over the term of the respective credit facility in the period the refinancing occurs, subject to the provisions of the accounting guidance relating to Debt – Modifications and Extinguishments. Following the early adoption of ASU. 2015-03 "Interest – Imputation of Interest", the Partnership, effective December 31, 2015, presents unamortized deferred financing costs as a reduction of long term debt in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets.
(o)
Concentration of Credit Risk: Financial instruments, which potentially subject the Partnership to significant concentrations of credit risk, consist principally of cash and cash equivalents and trade receivables. The maximum exposure to loss due to credit risk is the book value at the balance sheet date. The Partnership places its cash and cash equivalents, consisting mostly of deposits, with high credit qualified financial institutions. The Partnership performs periodic evaluations of the relative credit standing of those financial institutions. The Partnership limits its credit risk with accounts receivable by performing ongoing credit evaluations of its charterers' financial condition and generally does not require collateral for its accounts receivable.
During the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016, charterers that individually accounted for more than 10% of the Partnership's revenues were as follows:
Charterer
 
2017
   
2016
 
A
   
72
%
   
66
%
B
   
19
%
   
16
%
C (1)
   
%
   
18
%
Total
   
91
%
   
100
%
(1) Below 10% in the year ended December 31, 2017.
F-11



2. Significant Accounting Policies and Recent Accounting Pronouncements (continued):
(p)
Accounting for Revenues and Related Expenses: The Partnership generates its revenues from charterers under time charter agreements for the employment of its vessels. All vessels are employed under time charter agreements, where a contract is entered into for the use of a vessel for a specific period of time and at a specified daily charter hire rate. If a charter agreement exists and collection of the related revenue is reasonably assured, revenue is recognized, as it is earned ratably over the duration of the period of the time charter. Furthermore, revenues from time chartering of vessels are accounted for as operating leases and are thus recognized on a straight line basis at the average minimum lease revenue over the rental periods of such charter agreements, as service is performed with the residual or excess from actually collected hire based on the time charter agreement for each period being classified as deferred revenue in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. Unearned revenue includes cash received prior to the balance sheet date for which all criteria to recognize as revenue have not yet been met as at the balance sheet date and, accordingly, is related to revenue earned after such date. Commissions are always paid for by the Partnership while the remaining voyage expenses, primarily consisting of port, canal and bunker expenses that are unique to a particular charter, are paid for by the charterer under the time charter arrangements or by the Partnership during periods of off-hire. All voyage expenses are expensed as incurred, except for commissions. Commissions paid to brokers are deferred and amortized over the related charter period to the extent revenue has been deferred since commissions are earned as the Partnership's revenues are earned.
(q)
Repairs and Maintenance : All repair and maintenance expenses including underwater inspection expenses are expensed in the period incurred. Such costs are included in vessel operating expenses in the accompanying consolidated statements of income.
(r)
Earnings Per Unit : As of December 31, 2017, the Partnership's capital structure consisted of common units, preferred units, a general partner interest and incentive distribution rights. The incentive distribution rights are a separate class of non-voting interests that are currently held by the Partnership's general partner but, subject to certain restrictions, may be transferred or sold apart from the general partner's interest. The Partnership calculates basic earnings per each class of units by allocating period distributed and undistributed earnings to the General Partner, limited partners and incentive distribution rights holder using the two-class method and by utilizing the contractual terms of the Partnership's Third Amended and Restated Limited Partnership Agreement (the "Partnership Agreement"). Basic earnings per common unit are computed by allocating distributed and undistributed net income available to common unitholders, after subtracting the interest on the Partnership's net income of the preferred unitholders, subordinated unitholders (up to January 23, 2017 or the "Sponsor Subordinated Units Conversion Date", see note 9) and general partner by the weighted average number of common units outstanding during the year. Any undistributed earnings for the period are allocated to the various unitholders based on the distribution waterfall for cash available for distribution specified in the Partnership agreement. Where distributions relating to the period are in excess of earnings, the surplus is also allocated according to the cash distribution model. Diluted earnings per common unit reflect the potential dilution that could occur if securities or other contracts to issue units were exercised, if any. The Partnership had no dilutive securities outstanding during the three-year period ended December 31, 2017.
(s)
Segment Reporting: The Partnership has determined that it operates under one reportable segment relating to its operations as it operates solely LNG vessels. The Partnership reports financial information and evaluates its operations and operating results by type of vessel and not by the length or type of vessel employment for its customers. The Partnership's management does not use discrete financial information to evaluate operating results for each type of charter. Although revenue can be identified according to these types of charters or for charters with different duration, management cannot and does not identify expenses, profitability or other financial information for these charters. Furthermore, when the Partnership charters a vessel to a charterer, the charterer is free to trade the vessel worldwide and, as a result, the disclosure of geographic information is impracticable.
F-12


2. Significant Accounting Policies and Recent Accounting Pronouncements (continued):
(t)
Fair Value Measurements: The Partnership follows ASC 820, "Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures", which defines and provides guidance as to the measurement of fair value. This guidance creates a fair value hierarchy of measurement and indicates that, when possible, fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants in the market in which the reporting entity transacts. The fair value hierarchy gives the highest priority to quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1) and the lowest priority to unobservable data that are not corroborated by market data (Level 3), for example, the reporting entity's own data. Observable market based inputs or unobservable inputs that are corroborated by market data are classified under Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy. Under the standard, fair value measurements would be separately disclosed by level within the fair value hierarchy. ASC 820 applies when assets or liabilities in the financial statements are to be measured at fair value, but does not require additional use of fair value beyond the requirements in other accounting principles.
(u)
Commitments and Contingencies: Commitments are recognized when the Partnership has a present legal or constructive obligation as a result of past events and it is probable that an outflow of resources embodying economic benefits will be required to settle this obligation, and a reliable estimate of the amount of the obligation can be made. Provisions are reviewed at each balance sheet date and adjusted to reflect the present value of the expenditure expected to be required to settle the obligation. Contingent liabilities are not recognized in the financial statements but are disclosed unless the possibility of an outflow of resources embodying economic benefits is remote. Contingent assets are not recognized in the financial statements but are disclosed when an inflow of economic benefits is probable.
(v)
Accounting for Financial Instruments: The principal financial assets of the Partnership consist of cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash, amounts due from related parties and trade receivables, net. The principal financial liabilities of the Partnership consist of trade and other payables, accrued liabilities, long-term debt and amounts due to related parties. The Partnership may also consider from time to time entering into interest rate swap agreements to manage its exposure to fluctuations of interest rate risk associated with its borrowings. Derivative financial instruments are generally used to manage risk related to fluctuations of interest rates. ASC 815, Derivatives and Hedging, requires all derivative contracts to be recorded at fair value, as determined in accordance with ASC 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures (Note 6). The changes in fair value of a derivative contract are recognized in earnings unless specific hedging criteria are met. At the inception of a hedge relationship, the Partnership formally designates and documents the hedge relationship to which the Partnership wishes to apply hedge accounting and the risk management objective and strategy undertaken for the hedge. The documentation includes identification of the hedging instrument, hedged item or transaction, the nature of the risk being hedged and how the entity will assess the hedging instrument's effectiveness in offsetting exposure to changes in the hedged item's cash flows attributable to the hedged risk. A cash flow hedge is a hedge of the exposure to variability in cash flows that is attributable to a particular risk associated with a recognized asset or liability, or a highly probable forecasted transaction that could affect profit or loss. Such hedges are expected to be highly effective in achieving offsetting changes in cash flows and are assessed on an ongoing basis to determine whether they actually have been highly effective throughout the financial reporting periods for which they were designated. All derivatives are recorded on the balance sheet as assets or liabilities and measured at fair value. For derivatives designated as cash flow hedges, the effective portion of the changes in fair value of the derivatives is recorded in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income/ (Loss) and subsequently recognized in earnings when the hedged items impact earnings.
F-13



2. Significant Accounting Policies and Recent Accounting Pronouncements (continued):
Recent Accounting Pronouncements:
ASU 2015-14:  In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, which will supersede the current revenue recognition guidance and outlines a single comprehensive model for entities to use in accounting for revenue arising from contracts with customers. The ASU 2014-09 was amended by ASU 2015-14, Revenue from Contracts with Customers: Deferral of the Effective Date, which was issued in August 2015. Public entities can now elect to defer implementation of ASU 2014-09 to interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2017. Additionally, ASU 2015-14 permits early adoption of the standard but not before the original effective date, i.e. annual period beginning after December 15, 2016. The standard permits the use of either the retrospective or cumulative effect transition method. Furthermore, in March 2016, April 2016 and May 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-08, Revenue from Contracts with Customers: Principal versus Agent Considerations (Reporting Revenue Gross versus Net), ASU 2016-10 Revenue from Contracts with Customers: Identifying Performance Obligations and Licensing and ASU 2016-12 Revenue from Contracts with Customers: Narrow-Scope Improvements and Practical Expedients, respectively, which clarify the guidance in ASU 2014-09. Furthermore, in September and November 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-13 - Revenue Recognition (Topic 605), Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606), Leases (Topic 840), and Leases (Topic 842) and ASU 2017-14 - Income Statement—Reporting Comprehensive Income (Topic 220), Revenue Recognition (Topic 605), and Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606), respectively. The amendments in these updates have the same effective date and transition requirements as the original standard. The Company made an assessment on the various implementation aspects of ASU 2014-09 and its amendments and concluded that the effect of the implementation of this new guidance will cause no material cumulative effect to the Partnership's future or historical financial position, results of operations or cash flows.
ASU 2016-01: In January 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-01, Financial Instruments- Overall (Subtopic 825-10): Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities. The amendments in this update (the "Update") affect all entities that hold financial assets or owe financial liabilities and address certain aspects of recognition, measurement, presentation and disclosure of financial instruments. More precisely, the amendments in this Update (i) require all equity investments to be measured at fair value with changes in the fair value recognized through net income (other than those accounted for the under equity method of accounting or those that result in consolidation of the investee), (ii) an entity to present separately in other comprehensive income the portion of the total change in the fair value of a liability resulting from a change in the instrument-specific credit risk when the entity has elected to measure the liability at fair value in accordance with the fair value option for financial instruments, (iii) eliminate the requirement to disclose the fair value of financial instruments measured at amortized cost for entities that are not public business entities and the requirement to disclose the method(s) and significant assumptions used to estimate the fair value that is required to be disclosed for financial instruments measured at amortized cost on the balance sheet for public business entities, (iv) require public business entities to use the exit price notion when measuring the fair value of financial instruments for disclosure purposes and, (v) require separate presentation of financial assets and financial liabilities by measurement category and form of financial asset (that is, securities or loans and receivables) on the balance sheet or the accompanying notes to the financial statements. For public business entities, the amendments in this Update are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within those fiscal years. The amendments to the FASB Accounting Standards Codification prescribed in this Update are not expected to have a material effect on the Partnership's future financial position.
F-14



2. Significant Accounting Policies and Recent Accounting Pronouncements (continued):
ASU 2016-02: In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842) which provides new guidance related to accounting for leases and supersedes existing U.S. GAAP on lease accounting. The ASU will require organizations that lease assets to recognize on the balance sheet the assets and liabilities for the rights and obligations created by those leases, unless the lease is a short term lease.
Lessee accounting: A short term lease is defined in the ASU as a lease that, at the commencement date, has a lease term of 12 months or less and does not include an option to purchase the underlying asset that the lessee is reasonably certain   to exercise.  The lease term is defined as the non-cancellable period for which a lessee has the right to use an underlying asset, together with all of the following: periods covered by an option to extend the lease if the lessee is reasonably certain to exercise that option; periods covered by an option to terminate the lease if the lessee is reasonably certain not to exercise that option; and periods covered by an option to extend (or not to terminate) the lease in which exercise of the option is controlled by the lessor.
For short term leases, a lessee is permitted to make an accounting policy election by class of underlying asset not to recognize lease assets and lease liabilities. If a lessee makes this election, it should recognize lease expense for such leases generally on a straight-line basis over the lease term. Leases not considered short term - For all other leases, the lessee will be required to recognize the following at the commencement date of the lease: (1) a lease liability, which is a lessee's obligation to make lease payments arising from a lease, measured on a discounted basis; and (2) a right-of-use asset, which is an asset that represents the lessee's right to use, or control the use of, a specified asset for the lease term. When measuring assets and liabilities arising from a lease, a lessee (and a lessor) should include payments to be made in optional periods only if the lessee is reasonably certain to exercise an option to extend the lease.  Similarly, optional payments to purchase the underlying asset should be included in the measurement of lease assets and lease liabilities only if the lessee is reasonably certain to exercise that purchase option. Reasonably certain is a high threshold that is consistent with and intended to be applied in the same way as the reasonably assured threshold in the current leases guidance. In addition, a lessee (and a lessor) should exclude most variable lease payments in measuring lease assets and lease liabilities, other than those that depend on an index or a rate or are in substance fixed payments.
Consistent with current guidance, the recognition, measurement and presentation in the statements of income and cash flows will depend on the lease's classification as finance or operating lease. For finance leases, a lessee is required to recognize interest on the lease liability separately from amortization of the right-of-use asset in the statement of income; and classify repayments of the principal portion of the lease liability within financing activities and payments of interest on the lease liability and variable lease payments within operating activities in the statement of cash flows. For operating leases, a lessee is required to recognize a single lease cost in the statement of income (which will include both the amortization of the right-of-use asset and the "interest" element associated with the lease liability), calculated so that the cost of the lease is allocated over the lease term on a generally straight-line basis; and classify all cash payments within operating activities in the statement of cash flows.
F-15


2. Significant Accounting Policies and Recent Accounting Pronouncements (continued):
Lessor accounting: Under the new guidance, lessor accounting is largely unchanged. Certain targeted improvements were made to align, where necessary, lessor accounting with the lessee accounting model and Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers .
Public business entities should apply the amendments in ASU 2016-02 for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Early application is permitted for all public business entities and all non-public business entities upon issuance. Lessees (for capital and operating leases) and lessors (for sales-type, direct financing, and operating leases) must apply a modified retrospective transition approach for leases existing at, or entered into after, the beginning of the earliest comparative period presented in the financial statements. The modified retrospective approach would not require any transition accounting for leases that expired before the earliest comparative period presented. Lessees and lessors may not apply a full retrospective transition approach. The adoption of this new standard is not expected to have a material effect on the Partnership's future or historical financial position, results of operations or cash flows.
ASU 2016-13: In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13- Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments. ASU 2016-13 amends guidance on reporting credit losses for assets held at amortized cost basis and available for sale debt securities.  For public entities, the amendments of this Update are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, including interim periods within those fiscal years.  Early application is permitted. Management is in the process of assessing the impact of the amendment of this Update on the Partnership's consolidated financial position and performance.
ASU 2016-15: In August 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-15- Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230): Clarification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments. This Update addresses eight specific cash flow issues and provides specific guidance in how certain cash receipts and cash payments should be presented and classified in the statement of cash flows under Topic 230 with the objective of reducing the current and potential future diversity in practice. The amendments in this Update are effective for public business entities for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, and interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted, including adoption in an interim period. The amendments in this Update should be applied using a retrospective transition method to each period presented. This FASB standard Update is not expected to have a material effect on the Partnership's future or historical consolidated statements of cash flows; however, Management will assess such impact, if circumstances arise.
ASU 2016-18: In November 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-18- Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230): Restricted Cash. The amendments in this Update require that a statement of cash flows explain the change during the period in the total of cash, cash equivalents, and amounts generally described as restricted cash or restricted cash equivalents. Therefore, amounts generally described as restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents should be included with cash and cash equivalents when reconciling the beginning-of-period and end-of-period total amounts shown on the statement of cash flows. The amendments in this Update do not provide a definition of restricted cash or restricted cash equivalents. The amendments in this Update are effective for public business entities for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, and interim periods within those fiscal years. Other than the presentation effects, the adoption of this new standard is not expected to have a material impact on future or historical consolidated financial statements and accompanying footnote disclosures of the Partnership.
F-16



2. Significant Accounting Policies and Recent Accounting Pronouncements (continued):
ASU 2017-01: In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-01 Business Combinations to clarify the definition of a business with the objective of adding guidance to assist entities with evaluating whether transactions should be accounted for as acquisition (or disposals) of assets or businesses. Under current implementation guidance the existence of an integrated set of acquired activities (inputs and processes that generate outputs) constitutes an acquisition of business. This ASU provides a screen to determine when a set of assets and activities does not constitute a business. The screen requires that when substantially all of the fair value of the gross assets acquired (or disposed of) is concentrated in a single identifiable asset or a group of similar identifiable assets, the set is not a business. This Update is effective for public entities with reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within those years. The amendments of this ASU should be applied prospectively on or after the effective date. Early adoption is permitted, including adoption in an interim period 1) for transactions for which the acquisition date occurs before the issuance date or effective date of the ASU, only when the transaction has not been reported in financial statements that have been issued or made available for issuance and 2) for transactions in which a subsidiary is deconsolidated or a group of assets is derecognized that occur before the issuance date or effective date of the amendments, only when the transaction has not been reported in financial statements that have been issued or made available for issuance. This FASB standard Update is not expected to have a material effect on the Partnership's future or historical statements of cash flows; however, Management will assess such impact, if circumstances arise.
3. Transactions with related parties:
During the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015,  the Partnership incurred the following charges in connection with related party transactions, which are included in the accompanying consolidated statements of income:
   
Year ended December 31,
 
   
2017
   
2016
   
2015
 
Included in voyage expenses
                 
Charter hire commissions (a)
 
$
1,830
   
$
2,212
   
$
1,821
 
                         
Included in general and administrative expenses – related party
                       
Executive services fee (d)
 
$
605
   
$
595
   
$
599
 
Administrative services fee (e)
 
$
120
   
$
120
   
$
120
 
                         
Management fees-related party
                       
Management fees (a)
 
$
6,162
   
$
5,999
   
$
4,870
 

F-17




3. Transactions with related parties (continued):

As of December 31, 2017 and 2016, balances with related parties consisted of the following:

   
Year ended December 31,
 
   
2017
   
2016
 
Assets:
           
Working capital advances granted to the Manager (a)
 
$
883
   
$
878
 
Security deposits to Manager  (a)
 
$
1,350
   
$
1,350
 
                 
Liabilities included in Due to related party:
               
Executive service charges due to Manager (d)
 
$
   
$
147
 
Administrative service charges due to Manager (e)
 
$
30
   
$
30
 
Other Partnership expenses due to Manager
 
$
42
   
$
125
 
Total liabilities due to related party, current
 
$
72
   
$
302
 

(a) Dynagas Ltd.
The Partnership's vessels have entered into vessel management agreements with Dynagas Ltd., the Partnership's Manager. Pursuant to the terms of these agreements (the "Management Agreements"), the Manager provides each vessel-owning entity of the Partnership with management services, including, but not limited to, commercial, technical, crew, accounting and vessel administrative services in exchange for an initial fixed daily management fee of $2.5 per vessel, for a period beginning upon vessel's delivery and until the termination of the agreement. The Management Agreements initially terminate on December 31, 2020 and shall, thereafter, automatically be extended in additional eight-year increments if notice of termination is not previously provided by the Partnership's vessel-owning subsidiaries. Beginning on the first calendar year after the commencement of the vessel Management Agreements and each calendar year thereafter, these fees are adjusted upwards by 3% until expiration of the Management Agreement, subject to further annual increases to reflect material unforeseen costs of providing the management services, by an amount to be agreed between the Partnership and the Manager, which amount will be reviewed and approved by the Partnership's Conflicts Committee. Under the terms of the Management Agreements, the Manager charges the Partnership for any additional capital expenditures, financial costs, operating expenses for the vessels and general and administrative expenses of the vessel owning subsidiaries of the Partnership that are not covered by the management fees.
During the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015, each vessel was charged with a daily management fee of $2.8, $2.7 and $2.7, respectively. During the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015, management fees under the vessel Management Agreements amounted to $6,162, $5,999 and $4,870, respectively and are separately reflected in the accompanying consolidated statements of income.
The Management Agreements also provide for:
(i)
a commission of 1.25% over charter-hire agreements arranged by the Manager, and,
(ii)
a lump sum new-building supervision fee of $700 for the services rendered by the Manager in respect of the construction of the vessel, if applicable, plus out of pocket expenses.
F-18



3. Transactions with related parties (continued):
During the years December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015 charter hire commissions under the vessel Management Agreements amounted to $1,830, $2,212 and $1,821 respectively and are reflected in the accompanying consolidated statements of income.
The Management Agreements will terminate automatically after a change of control of the owners and/or of the owners' ultimate parent, in which case an amount equal to the estimated remaining fees, but in any case not less than for a period of 36 months and not more than 60 months, will become payable to the Manager. As of December 31, 2017, based on the maximum period prescribed in the Management Agreements up to the initial termination period and the basic daily fee in effect during the year ended December 31, 2017, such termination fee would be approximately $19.1 million.
The Management Agreements also provide for an advance equal to three months daily management fee. In the case of termination of the Management Agreements, prior to their eight year term, by any reason other than Manager's default, the advance is not refundable. Such advances as of December 31, 2017 and 2016, amounted to $1,350, and are separately reflected in Non-Current Assets as Due from related party in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets.
In addition, the Manager makes payments for operating expenses with funds provided by the Partnership. As of December 31, 2017 and 2016, amounts of $883 and $878, respectively, were due from the Manager in relation to these working capital advances granted to it.
(b) Loan from related party
On November 18, 2013, upon the completion of its IPO, the Partnership entered into an interest free $30.0 million revolving credit facility with its Sponsor, with an original term of five years from the closing date, to be used for general Partnership purposes, including working capital. The facility may be drawn and be prepaid in whole or in part at any time during the life of the facility. No amounts have been drawn under the respective facility as of December 31, 2017 and 2016.
(c) Optional Vessel acquisitions from Sponsor/ Omnibus Agreement
At the IPO date, the Partnership and its Sponsor entered into the Omnibus Agreement which was subsequently amended and restated on April 12, 2016. The Omnibus Agreement sets out (i) the terms and the extent the Partnership and the Sponsor may compete with each other, (ii) the procedures to be followed for the exercise of the Partnership's option to acquire the Initial Optional Vessels (as defined in the Omnibus Agreement), including the Partnership's right to acquire the Sponsor's ownership interest (which is currently 49.0%) in each of five joint venture entities, each of which owns a 172,000 cubic meter ARC 7 LNG carrier (or the "Additional Optional Vessels" and together with the Initial Optional Vessels, the "Optional Vessels"), two of which were delivered in late 2017 and early 2018 and three of which are currently under construction, (iii) certain rights of first offer to the Sponsor for the acquisition of LNG carriers from the Partnership, and, (iv) the Sponsor's provisions of certain indemnities to the Partnership.
On December 21, 2015, the Partnership concluded the third dropdown of the seven Initial Optional Vessels owned by its Sponsor and acquired 100% of the ownership interests in the entity that owns and operates the Lena River for an aggregate purchase price of $240.0 million, excluding costs to acquire (the "Lena River Acquisition"). At the closing date of the Lena River Acquisition, the Sponsor provided a $35.0 million interest free credit financing to the Partnership in respect of unsettled amounts in connection with the acquisition, which have been repaid by the Partnership early in January 2016, from the $66.7 million remaining available funds drawn under a $200 million senior term loan facility, dated December 17, 2015, the initial proceeds of which were drawn in December 2015 in order to partially finance the respective acquisition (Note 5).
F-19

 
3. Transactions with related parties (continued):
On March 30, 2017, by mutual agreement, the Partnership and its Sponsor extended the deadline for exercising the purchase option of the Clean Ocean and the Clean Planet (two of the four remaining Initial Optional Vessels) from March 31, 2017 to March 31, 2018. In addition, on February 6, 2018, the Partnership extended with retroactive effect the deadline for exercising the purchase option for the Clean Horizon and the Clean Vision , the other two of the four remaining Initial Optional Vessels, up to December 31, 2018 (Note 13). Following this extension, the Partnership still retains the legal right to exercise an option to purchase from its Sponsor four of the Initial Optional Vessels and the right, but not the obligation, to acquire from its Sponsor its 49% ownership interest in the Additional Optional Vessels, after their respective delivery from the shipyard, at the period specified and as per the terms prescribed in the Omnibus Agreement.
(d) Executive Services Agreement
On March 21, 2014, the Partnership entered into an executive services agreement (the "Executive Services Agreement") with its Manager with retroactive effect from the IPO closing date, pursuant to which the Manager provides the Partnership the services of its executive officers, who report directly to the Board of Directors. Under the Executive Services Agreement, the Manager is entitled to an executive services fee of €538 per annum (or $645 on the basis of a Euro/US Dollar exchange rate of €1.0000/$1.999 at December 31, 2017), payable in equal monthly installments. The Executive Services Agreement has an initial term of five years and automatically renews for successive five year terms unless terminated earlier. During the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015, executive services fees amounted to $605, $595 and $599, respectively and are included in general and administrative expenses- related party in the accompanying consolidated statements of income.
 (e) Administrative Services Agreement
On December 30, 2014 and with effect from the IPO closing date, the Partnership entered into an administrative services agreement (the "Administrative Services Agreement") with its Manager, according to which the Partnership is provided with certain financial, accounting, reporting, secretarial and information technology services, for a monthly fee of $10, plus expenses, payable in quarterly installments. The Administrative Services Agreement can be terminated upon 120 days' notice granted either by the Partnership's Board of Directors or by Dynagas. During the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015, administrative service fees amounted to $120 and are included in general and administrative expenses-related party in the accompanying consolidated statements of income.
4. Vessels, net:
The amounts in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets are analyzed as follows:
   
Vessel
Cost
   
Accumulated
Depreciation
   
Net Book
Value
 
Balance December 31, 2015
 
$
1,165,645
   
$
(129,488
)
 
$
1,036,157
 
—Other additions to vessels' cost
   
1,855
     
     
1,855
 
—Depreciation
   
     
(30,395
)
   
(30,395
)
Balance December 31, 2016
 
$
1,167,500
   
$
(159,883
)
 
$
1,007,617
 
—Depreciation
   
     
(30,319
)
   
(30,319
)
Balance December 31, 2017
 
$
1,167,500
   
$
(190,202
)
 
$
977,298
 
                         
5. Long-Term Debt:
As of December 31, 2017, all vessels comprising the Partnership's fleet were first priority mortgaged as collateral to secure the Term Loan B, further discussed in Note 5.
The amounts shown in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets are analyzed as follows:
      
Year Ended
 
 
Debt instruments
Borrowers-Issuers
 
December 31, 2017
   
December 31, 2016
 
$480 Million Term Loan Facility
Arctic LNG and Dynagas Finance LLC
   
477,600
     
 
$340 Million Credit Facility
Pegasus, Lance, Seacrown, Fareastern
   
     
285,000
 
$250 Million Senior Unsecured Notes
Dynagas Partners and Dynagas Finance
   
250,000
     
250,000
 
$200 Million Term Loan Facility
Navajo and Solana
   
     
187,500
 
Total debt
   
$
727,600
   
$
722,500
 
Less deferred financing fees
     
(13,247
)
   
(6,064
)
Total debt, net of deferred finance costs
   
$
714,353
   
$
716,436
 
Less current portion, net of deferred financing fees
   
$
(2,655
)
 
$
(31,688
)
Long-term debt, net of current portion and deferred financing fees
   
$
711,698
   
$
684,748
 

$340 Million Senior Secured Revolving Credit Facility
On June 19, 2014, certain subsidiaries of the Partnership entered, on a joint and several basis, into a Senior Secured Revolving Credit Facility (the "$340 Million Credit Facility") with an affiliate of Credit Suisse in order to refinance the $214.1 million outstanding under a previous credit facility with the same lender and to fund a portion of the purchase price of the first drop down vessel from the Sponsor, the Arctic Aurora . The facility bore interest at LIBOR plus a margin.
On May 18, 2017, the $340 Million Credit Facility was fully repaid from the net proceeds of a new $480 million senior secured term loan (the "Term Loan B", discussed below). In addition, the minimum liquidity restrictions imposed by the respective facility to the Partnership elapsed upon its repayment and on this basis the Partnership's $25.0 million of restricted cash was released at the closing date of the Term Loan B transaction.
$200 Million Term Loan Facility
On December 17, 2015, Navajo and Solana, wholly owned subsidiaries of the Partnership, entered, on a joint and several basis, into a facility agreement with a group of lenders (ABN AMRO N.V., KFW IPEX-Bank GMBH and DNB ASA), with ABN Amro NV acting as agent, for a senior secured term loan facility of up to $200.0 million (the "$200 Million Term Loan Facility") to partially finance the Lena River Acquisition and for working capital purposes. The $200 Million Term Loan Facility bore interest at LIBOR plus a margin.
On May 18, 2017, the $200 Million Term Loan Facility was fully repaid from the net proceeds of the Term Loan B. At the repayment date, the Partnership was released from all cash-related restrictions that required the borrowing entities to maintain certain minimum liquidity levels on a per vessel basis and to maintain and transfer funds to designated accounts for each vessel.
F-20



5. Long-Term Debt (continued):
$480 Million Senior Secured Term Loan Facility
On May 18, 2017, Arctic LNG and Dynagas Finance LLC, wholly owned subsidiaries of the Partnership, as co-borrowers, entered into a $480.0 million senior secured term loan (the "Term Loan B"). The net proceeds of the Term Loan B were used to refinance and repay in full the indebtedness outstanding under the Partnership's existing $340 Million Credit Facility and the $200 Million Term Loan Facility and to pay transaction fees and expenses. The Term Loan B bears interest at LIBOR plus a margin and provides for 0.25% quarterly amortization on the principal and a bullet payment at maturity, in May 2023. The Term Loan B is secured by, among other, first priority mortgages on the vessels owned by the borrower subsidiary guarantors, a first priority specific assignment of the existing time charters, a first priority assignment of all insurances and earnings of the vessels and pledges on certain deposit accounts of Arctic LNG and its vessel owning subsidiaries and is guaranteed by the Partnership, certain of the Partnership's subsidiaries and the vessel-owning subsidiaries of Arctic LNG. 
The Term Loan B contains negative covenants customary for facilities of this type, including, among others, limitations on indebtedness, asset sales, transactions with affiliates, restricted payments (with the ability to distribute available cash subject to no event of default and compliance with certain financial covenants).
$250 Million Senior Unsecured Notes due 2019
On September 15, 2014, the Partnership completed a public offering of $250.0 million aggregate principal amount Senior Unsecured Notes offering due October 30, 2019, (the "Notes") with the purpose of funding the majority of the purchase price related to the Yenisei River acquisition. The Notes bear interest from the date of the original issue until maturity at a rate of 6.25% per year, payable quarterly in arrears on January 30, April 30, July 30 and October 30 of each year. As per the provisions of the Notes and the Indenture, the Partnership may issue from time to time, unlimited as to principal amount senior unsecured debentures, to be issued in one or more series. The Notes are unsubordinated unsecured obligations of the Partnership and are not redeemable at its option prior to maturity.
The Term Loan B and the Notes contain financial covenants that require the Partnership to:
·
meet a specified maximum loan to value ratio, which is the ratio of the aggregate principal amounts due under the Term Loan B to the aggregate fair value of the collateral vessels under the Term Loan B;
·
meet a specified minimum debt service coverage ratio, the ratio of the twelve month rolling operating cash flow of Arctic LNG to the twelve month rolling debt service payments under the Term Loan B;
·
maintain aggregate free liquidity of at least $20.0 million;
·
meet a maximum leverage ratio expressed as a percentage of total borrowings to total book assets; and
·
maintain a certain minimum net worth level.
F-21



5. Long-Term Debt (continued):
The financing agreements for both the Term Loan B and the Notes restrict the Partnership from declaring or making any distributions if an event of default occurs. The Term Loan B further restricts the Partnership from paying any dividend or other distribution unless a minimum interest coverage ratio is met on a consolidated basis.
The undrawn borrowing capacity under the Partnership's debt agreements as at December 31, 2017 and 2016, was zero.
As of December 31, 2017, the Partnership was in compliance with all financial covenants prescribed in its debt agreements.
The annual principal payments for the Partnership's outstanding debt arrangements as at December 31, 2017, required to be made after the balance sheet date were as follows:
 
Year ending December 31,
 
Amount
 
2018
 
$
4,800
 
2019
   
254,800
 
2020
   
4,800
 
2021
   
4,800
 
2022
   
4,800
 
2023 and thereafter
   
453,600
 
Total long-term debt
 
$
727,600
 
The Partnership's debt is denominated in U.S. dollars and, apart from the Notes which bear a fixed rate, bears floating interest rates. The weighted average interest rate on the Partnership's long-term debt for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015, was 5.4%, 4.4% and 4.5%, respectively.
Total interest incurred on long-term debt for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015, amounted to $39,775, $32,887 and $25,926, respectively and is included in Interest and finance costs (Note 11) in the accompanying consolidated statements of income. Commitment fees incurred for 2017, 2016 and 2015, amounted to zero, $2 and $15, respectively. Such fees are included in Interest and finance costs (Note 11) in the accompanying consolidated statements of income.
6. Fair Value Measurements:
The following methods and assumptions were used to estimate the fair value of each class of financial instruments:
§
Cash and cash equivalents, trade accounts receivable, amounts due from/to related parties and trade accounts payable: The carrying values reported in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets for those financial instruments (except for the fair value of non-current portion of amounts due from related party) are reasonable estimates of their fair values due to their short-term nature. The carrying value of these instruments is separately reflected in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. The fair value of non-current portion of amounts due from related party, determined through Level 3 inputs of the fair value hierarchy by discounting future cash flows using the Partnership's estimated cost of capital, is $1,174 as of December 31, 2017, compared to its carrying value of $1,350.
F-22



6. Fair Value Measurements (continued):
§
Long-term debt: The Term Loan B discussed in Note 5 approximates its recorded value due to the variable interest rate payable. The Notes have a fixed rate and their estimated fair value, determined through Level 2 inputs of the fair value hierarchy (quoted price in over-the-counter market), is approximately $253.1 million as of December 31, 2017, compared to its carrying value of $250.0 million.
A fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs used to measure fair value has been established by Generally Accepted Accounting Principles. The hierarchy gives the highest priority to unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1 measurement) and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs (Level 3 measurement). This hierarchy requires entities to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs. The three levels of inputs used to measure fair value are as follows:
§
Level 1:  Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets that are accessible at the measurement date for identical, unrestricted assets or liabilities;
§
Level 2:  Observable inputs other than quoted prices included in Level 1, such as quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets; quoted prices for identical or similar assets and liabilities in markets that are not active; or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data;
§
Level 3:  Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the fair value of the assets or liabilities.
7. Time charters acquired:
In December 2015, in connection the Lena River Acquisition   (Note 3(c)), the Partnership paid an aggregate $240.0 million consideration consisting of (i) the purchase price of the vessel and (ii) the fair value of the favorable time charter contract attached to the vessel. As a result, the Partnership recognized an intangible asset of $20.0 million which represents the fair value of the time charter acquired, at the time of acquisition.
For the year ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015, the amortization of the above market acquired time charter related to the Lena River   Acquisition amounted to $7,247, $7,268 and $218, respectively, and is included in Voyage revenues in the accompanying consolidated statements of income. As of December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015, accumulated amortization amounted to $14,733, $7,486 and $218, respectively. The unamortized portion of the respective intangible asset as of December 31, 2017 and 2016, amounting to $5,267 and $12,514, respectively is presented under "Above-market acquired time charter contract" in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. The unamortized balance as of December 31, 2017, is expected to be amortized to revenues through the third quarter of 2018, the anticipated expiration date of the respective charter contract.
F-23


8. Commitments and Contingencies:
 (a) Long-term time charters:
On December 20, 2017, the Partnership entered into a new three year charter agreement with Statoil ASA ("Statoil") for the employment of the Arctic Aurora. This new charter, which is expected to commence in the third quarter of 2018, will be in direct continuation of the current charter with Statoil (interrupted only by the vessel's mandatory statutory class five-year special survey and dry-docking) and will have a firm period of about three years. Statoil will have the option to extend the new charter by two consecutive 12-month periods at escalated rates.
The Partnership's future minimum contractual charter revenues under its non-cancelable long-term time charter contracts, as of December 31, 2017, gross of brokerage commissions, without taking into consideration any assumed off-hire (including those arising out of periodical class survey requirements), are as analyzed below:
Year ending December 31,
 
Amount
 
2018
 
$
115,986
 
2019
   
123,113
 
2020
   
137,889
 
2021
   
127,756
 
2022
   
115,917
 
2023 and thereafter
   
888,716
 
Total
 
$
1,509,377
 

 (b) Other:
Various claims, suits, and complaints, including those involving government regulations and product liability, arise in the ordinary course of the shipping business. In addition, losses may arise from disputes with charterers, agents, insurance and other claims with suppliers relating to the operations of the Partnership's vessels. Currently, management is not aware of any such claims not covered by insurance or contingent liabilities, which should be disclosed, or for which a provision should be established in the accompanying consolidated financial statements. The Partnership accrues for the cost of environmental liabilities when management becomes aware that a liability is probable and is able to reasonably estimate the probable exposure. Currently, management is not aware of any such claims or contingent liabilities, which should be disclosed, or for which a provision should be established in the accompanying consolidated financial statements. The Partnership is covered for liabilities associated with the individual vessels' actions to the maximum limits as provided by Protection and Indemnity (P&I) Clubs, members of the International Group of P&I Clubs.
 (c) Technical and Commercial Management Agreement:
As further disclosed in Note 3, the Partnership has contracted the commercial, administrative and technical management of its vessels to Dynagas Ltd. pursuant to the Management Agreements. For the commercial services provided under the Management Agreements the Partnership pays a commission of 1.25% over the charter-hire revenues arranged by the Manager, which will survive the termination of the agreement under all circumstances until the termination of each charter party in force at the time of termination. The estimated commission payable to the Manager over the minimum contractual charter revenues, discussed under (a) above, is $18,867. For vessel administrative and technical management fees, the Partnership currently pays a daily management fee of $2.8 per vessel (Note 3(a)). Such management fees for the period from January 1, 2018, to the expiration of the agreements on December 31, 2020, adjusted annually for 3% inflation as per agreement, are estimated to be $19,636 and are analyzed as follows:

 
Year ending December 31,
 
Amount
 
2018
   
6,347
 
2019
   
6,537
 
2020
   
6,752
 
Total
 
$
19,636
 

F-24


9. Partners' Equity:
Preferred Units Offering:
On July 20, 2015, the Partnership concluded an underwritten public offering of 3,000,000 9% Series A Preferred Units, representing limited partner interests in the Partnership, at a liquidation preference of $25.00 per unit. The Partnership received $72.3 million of proceeds from this offering, net of the $2.4 million underwriting discount of and incurred offering expenses of $0.3 million. The Partnership used the proceeds of this offering to finance the Lena River Acquisition (Note 3(c)).
Conversion of Sponsor's Subordinated Units into Common Units:
On January 23, 2017 (the "Sponsor Subordinated Units Conversion Date"), upon payment by the Partnership to its common unitholders of the quarterly distribution in respect of the fourth quarter of 2016 and upon satisfaction of certain other conditions defined and set forth in the Partnership Agreement, the Partnership's subordination period expired and, accordingly, the Sponsor's 14,985,000 issued and outstanding subordinated units representing limited partner interests in the Partnership were converted into common units on a one-for-one basis (the "Sponsor Subordinated Units Conversion"). The Partnership Agreement prescribes that, upon the expiration of the subordination period, arrearages in the payment of the minimum quarterly distribution on the common units from prior quarters no longer accrue and that the subordinated units participate pro rata with other common units in distributions of available cash. As of December 31, 2017, following the Sponsor Subordinated Units Conversion, the Sponsor owns 15,595,000 common units, representing a 43.9% interest in the Partnership, excluding its General Partner interest. No cash consideration was paid in connection with this conversion.
As of December 31, 2017, following the Sponsor Subordinated Units Conversion, discussed above, the Partnership had 35,490,000 common units, 3,000,000 Series A Preferred Units and 35,526 general partner units issued and outstanding.
Common and General Partner unit distribution provisions:
After the end of the subordination period, which expired December 31, 2016, the Partnership pays distributions in the following manner:
·
first , 100% to the holders of common units and to the General Partner in accordance with their relative percentage interests, until the distributed amount in respect of each common unit equals the minimum quarterly distribution; and
F-25



9. Partners' Equity (continued):
·
second , 100% to the holders of common units and to the General Partner in accordance with their relative percentage interests, until each unit has received an aggregate distribution of a specified dollar amount.
The percentage allocations of available cash from operating surplus among the common and subordinated unitholders, the General Partner and the holders of the incentive distribution rights up to the various target distribution levels is illustrated below:
   
Total Quarterly
Distribution Target
Amount
   
Unitholders
   
General
Partner
   
Holders
of IDRs
 
Minimum Quarterly Distribution
 
 
$0.365
     
99.9
%
   
0.1
%
   
0.0
%
First Target Distribution
 
up to $0.420
     
99.9
%
   
0.1
%
   
0.0
%
Second Target Distribution
 
above $0.420 up to $0.456
     
85.0
%
   
0.1
%
   
14.9
%
Third Target Distribution
 
Above $0.456 up to $0.548
     
75.0
%
   
0.1
%
   
24.9
%
Thereafter
 
above $0.548
     
50.0
%
   
0.1
%
   
49.9
%

Under the Partnership Agreement, the holder of the incentive distribution rights in the Partnership, which is currently the General Partner, assuming that there are no cumulative arrearages on common unit distributions, has the right to receive an increasing percentage of cash distributions after the first target distribution.
Preferred Units distribution and redemption provisions:
Distributions on the Series A Preferred Units are cumulative from the date of original issue and are payable quarterly on February 12, May 12, August 12 and November 12, of each year, subject to the discretion of the Partnership's Board of Directors. Distributions are payable out of amounts legally available at a distribution rate of 9.00% per annum of the stated liquidation preference.
Any time on or after August 12, 2020, the Series A Preferred Units may be redeemed, in whole or in part, at the issuer's option, out of amounts legally available thereof, at a redemption price of $25.00 per unit plus an amount equal to all accumulated and unpaid distributions thereon to the date of redemption.
The Series A Preferred Units represent perpetual equity interests in the Partnership, unlike the Partnership's indebtedness, do not give rise to a claim for payment of a principal amount at a particular date. The Series A Preferred Units rank senior to the Partnership's common units and to each other class or series of limited partner interests or other equity established after the original issue date of the Series A Preferred Units that is not expressly made senior to or on a parity with the Series A Preferred Units as to payment of distributions. The Series A Preferred Units rank junior to all of the Partnership's indebtedness.
Common and preferred unit distributions:
On January 1, 2017, the Board of Directors unanimously approved a quarterly cash distribution, for the fourth quarter of 2016 of $0.4225 per common and subordinated unit, or $15.0 million which, on January 19, 2017, was paid to all unitholders of record as of January 11, 2017.
F-26



9. Partners' Equity (continued):
On January 19, 2017, the Partnership's Board of Directors further declared a cash distribution of $0.5625 per unit on its Series A Preferred Units for the period from November 12, 2016 to February 11, 2017. The cash distribution was paid on February 13, 2017, to all Series A preferred unitholders of record as of February 5, 2017.
On April 12, 2017, the Partnership's Board of Directors announced a quarterly cash distribution of $0.4225, or $15.0 million, per common unit in respect of the first quarter of 2017. This cash distribution was paid on April 28, 2017, to all common unitholders of record as of April 21, 2017.
On April 21, 2017, the Partnership's Board of Directors announced a cash distribution of $0.5625 per unit of its Series A Preferred Units for the period from February 12, 2017 to May 11, 2017, which was paid on May 12, 2017, to all unitholders of record as of May 5, 2017.
On July 1, 2017, the Partnership's Board of Directors declared a quarterly cash distribution of $0.4225, or $15.0 million, per common unit in respect of the second quarter of 2017. This cash distribution was paid on July 18, 2017, to all common unitholders of record as of July 11, 2017.
On July 19, 2017, the Partnership's Board of Directors declared a cash distribution of $0.5625 per unit of its Series A Preferred Units for the period from May 12, 2017 to August 11, 2017, which was paid on August 14, 2017, to all unitholders of record as of August 5, 2017.
On October 2, 2017, the Partnership's Board of Directors declared a quarterly cash distribution of $0.4225, or $15.0 million, per common unit in respect of the third quarter of 2017. This cash distribution was paid on October 19, 2017, to all common unitholders of record as of October 12, 2017.
On October 19, 2017, the Partnership's Board of Directors announced a cash distribution of $0.5625 per unit of its Series A Preferred Units for the period from August 12, 2017 to November 11, 2017, which was paid on November 13, 2017, to all unitholders of record as of November 5, 2017.
General Partner Distributions:
During the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015, the Partnership paid to its General Partner and holder of the incentive distribution rights in the Partnership an amount of $129, $127 and $130, respectively.
 10. Earnings per Unit:
The Partnership calculates earnings per unit by allocating distributed and undistributed net income/ (losses) for each period to common, subordinated and general partner units, after adjusting for the effect of preferred distributions, only to the extent that they are earned. Any undistributed earnings for the period are allocated to the various unitholders based on the distribution waterfall for cash available for distribution specified in the Partnership Agreement, as generally described in Note 9 above. Where distributions relating to the period are in excess of earnings, the deficit is also allocated according to the cash distribution model. The sum of the distributed amounts and the allocation of the undistributed earnings or deficit to each class of unitholders is divided by the weighted average number of units outstanding during the period. Diluted earnings per unit, if applicable, reflects the potential dilution that could occur if potentially dilutive instruments were exercised, resulting in the issuance of additional units that would then share in the Partnership's net earnings.
F-27



10. Earnings per Unit (continued):
The Partnership had no dilutive instruments in the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015.
The calculations of the basic and diluted earnings per common unit are presented below:
   
Year ended December 31,
 
   
2017
   
2016
   
2015
 
Partnership's Net income
 
$
17,339
   
$
66,854
   
$
60,050
 
Less:
                       
Net Income attributable to preferred unitholders
   
6,750
     
6,750
     
3,019
 
Net Income attributable to subordinated unitholders
   
1,208
     
25,323
     
24,028
 
General Partner's interest in Net Income
   
79
     
129
     
125
 
Net income attributable to common unitholders
 
$
9,302
   
$
34,652
   
$
32,878
 
Weighted average number of common units outstanding, basic and diluted
   
34,545,740
     
20,505,000
     
20,505,000
 
Earnings per common unit, basic and diluted
 
$
0.27
   
$
1.69
   
$
1.60
 

11. Interest and Finance Costs:
The amounts in the accompanying consolidated statements of income are analyzed as follows:
   
Year ended December 31,
 
   
2017
   
2016
   
2015
 
Interest expense (Note 5)
 
$
39,775
   
$
32,887
   
$
25,926
 
Amortization and write-off of deferred financing fees
   
5,387
     
1,984
     
1,545
 
Commitment fees (Note 5)
   
     
2
     
15
 
Other
   
1,119
     
118
     
488
 
Total
 
$
46,281
   
$
34,991
   
$
27,974
 

12. Taxes:
Under the laws of the countries of the companies' incorporation and / or vessels' registration, the companies are not subject to tax on international shipping income; however, they are subject to registration and tonnage taxes, which are included in Vessel operating expenses in the accompanying consolidated statements of income. In addition, effective January 1, 2013, each foreign flagged vessel managed in Greece by Greek or foreign ship management companies is subject to Greek tonnage tax, under the laws of the Greek Republic. The technical manager of the Partnership's vessels, Dynagas Ltd., an affiliate (Note 3(a)) which is established in Greece under Greek Law 89/67 is responsible for the filing and payment of the respective tonnage tax on behalf the Partnership. These tonnage taxes for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015, amounted $417, $339 and $270, respectively and are included in Vessel operating expenses in the accompanying consolidated statements of income.
F-28



12. Taxes (continued):
Pursuant to the Internal Revenue Code of the United States (the "Code"), U.S. source income from the international operations of ships is generally exempt from U.S. tax if the Partnership operating the ships meets both of the following requirements, (a) the Partnership is organized in a foreign country that grants an equivalent exception to corporations organized in the United States and exempts the type of income earned by the vessel owing Partnership and (b) either (i) more than 50% of the value of the Partnership's stock is owned, directly or indirectly, by individuals who are "residents" of the Partnership's country of organization or of another foreign country that grants an "equivalent exemption" to corporations organized in the United States (50% Ownership Test) or (ii) the Partnership's stock is "primarily and regularly traded on an established securities market" in its country of organization, in another country that grants an "equivalent exemption" to United States corporations, or in the United States (Publicly-Traded Test). Additionally, the Partnership must meet all of the documentation requirements as outlined in the regulations.
The Partnership and each of its subsidiaries expects to qualify for this statutory tax exemption for the 2017, 2016 and 2015 taxable years, and the Partnership takes this position for United States federal income tax return reporting purposes. In the absence of an exemption under Section 883, based on its U.S. source Shipping Income, the Partnership would be subject to U.S. federal income tax of approximately $42 for the year ended December 31, 2015, $51 for the year ended December 31, 2016 and $123 for the year ended December 31, 2017.
13. Subsequent Events:
 (a)
Fourth quarter of 2017 common unit cash distribution: On January 1, 2018, the Board of Directors unanimously approved a quarterly cash distribution, for the fourth quarter of 2017 of $0.4225 per common unit, or $15.0 million which, on January 18, 2018, was paid to all unitholders of record as of January 11, 2018.
 (b)
Quarterly Series A Preferred units cash distribution: On January 19, 2018, the Partnership's Board of Directors declared a cash distribution of $0.5625 per unit on its Series A Preferred Units for the period from November 12, 2017 to February 11, 2018. The cash distribution was paid on February 12, 2018, to all Series A preferred unitholders of record as of February 5, 2018.
 (c)
Optional Vessels purchase option deadline extension: On February 6, 2018, the Partnership agreed with its Sponsor to extend the deadline for exercising the purchase options relating to both the  Clean Horizon  and the  Clean Vision  previously granted to the Partnership under the Omnibus Agreement retroactively from their initial expiration in July 2017 and January 2018, respectively, to December 31, 2018.




F-29




SIGNATURES
The registrant hereby certifies that it meets all of the requirements for filing on Form 20-F and that it has duly caused and authorized the undersigned to sign this Annual Report on its behalf.
 
DYNAGAS LNG PARTNERS LP
   
   
 
By:
/s/ Michael Gregos
 
   
Name:
Michael Gregos
   
Title:
Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial Officer)
       
Date:
 March 9, 2018
 






 
 

Exhibit 4.9
EXECUTION VERSION

 

CREDIT AGREEMENT
among
ARCTIC LNG CARRIERS LTD.,
as Borrower,
DYNAGAS FINANCE LLC,
as Finco,
THE BORROWER SUBSIDIARY GUARANTORS
FROM TIME TO TIME PARTY HERETO
THE VARIOUS LENDERS FROM TIME TO TIME PARTY HERETO
CREDIT SUISSE AG and BARCLAYS BANK PLC,
as Co-Syndication Agents,
CREDIT SUISSE AG,
as Administrative Agent and Collateral Agent
_______________________________
CREDIT SUISSE SECURITIES (USA) LLC
and
BARCLAYS BANK PLC,
as Joint Global Coordinators,
Joint Lead Arrangers and Joint Bookrunners
_______________________________
Dated as of May 18, 2017
_______________________________
 



TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
SECTION 1.
Definitions and Accounting Terms
1
 
 
 
1.01
Defined Terms
1
1.02
Terms Generally; Accounting Terms; GAAP
44
 
 
 
SECTION 2.
Amount and Terms of Loans
45
 
 
 
2.01
The Term Loans
45
2.02
Notice of Borrowing
46
2.03
Disbursements of Funds
46
2.04
Notes
47
2.05
Pro Rata Borrowings
48
2.06
Interest
48
2.07
Conversion of Loans
49
2.08
Increased Costs, Illegality, Market Disruption, etc.
49
2.09
Compensation
52
2.10
Change of Lending Office; Limitation on Additional Amounts
52
2.11
Replacement of Lenders
52
2.12
Incremental Commitments
53
2.13
Loan Repurchases
55
2.14
Extension Offers
56
2.15
Term Loan Refinancing Protection
58
 
 
 
SECTION 3.
Fees
59
 
 
 
3.01
Fees
59
3.02
General
59
 
 
 
SECTION 4.
Prepayments; Payments; Taxes
59
 
 
 
4.01
Voluntary Prepayments
59
4.02
Mandatory Prepayment
60
4.03
Application of Mandatory Prepayments
61
4.04
Termination of Commitments
62
4.05
Repayment of the Loans
62
4.06
Method and Place of Payment
62
4.07
Net Payments; Taxes
63
4.08
Application of Proceeds
65
 
 
 
SECTION 5.
Conditions Precedent
66
 
 
 
5.01
Conditions Precedent to Closing Date
66
 
 
 
SECTION 6.
Representations, Warranties and Agreements
70
-i-



6.01
Corporate/Limited Liability Company/Limited Partnership Status
70
6.02
Corporate Power and Authority
71
6.03
No Violation
71
6.04
Governmental Approvals
71
6.05
Financial Statements; Financial Condition; Undisclosed Liabilities; etc.
72
6.06
True and Complete Disclosure
74
6.07
Use of Proceeds; Margin Regulations
74
6.08
Tax Returns; Payments; Tax Treatment
74
6.09
Compliance with ERISA
75
6.10
Collateral; the Collateral Agreements
76
6.11
Capitalization
77
6.12
Subsidiaries
77
6.13
Compliance with Statutes, etc.
77
6.14
Investment Company Act
77
6.15
Legal Names; Type of Organization (and Whether a Registered Organization); Jurisdiction of Organization; etc
77
6.16
Environmental Matters
77
6.17
No Default or Event of Default
78
6.18
Patents, Licenses, Franchises and Formulas
78
6.19
Anti-Corruption Laws
78
6.20
Insurance
79
6.21
Collateral Vessels
79
6.22
Properties
80
6.23
Anti-Terrorism
80
6.24
Form of Documentation
81
6.25
Place of Business
81
6.26
No Immunity
81
6.27
Labor Matters
81
6.28
Existence
82
6.29
Litigation
82
6.30
Agreements
82
 
 
 
SECTION 7.
Covenants
82
 
 
 
7.01
Maintenance of Property; Insurance
82
7.02
Existence; Conduct of Business
84
7.03
Operation of Collateral Vessels
85
7.04
Payment of Obligations
85
7.05
Reports
85
7.06
Notices of Material Events
87
7.07
Filings; Additional Guarantors; Further Assurances
88
7.08
Compliance Certificate
89
7.09
Books and Records; Inspection and Audit Rights
89
7.10
Compliance with Laws
89
7.11
Rated Credit Facilities
89
7.12
Transactions with Affiliates
90
7.13
Limitations on Liens
92
-ii-



7.14
Limitations on Merger, Consolidation or Sale of Assets
92
7.15
Limitations on Restricted Payments
95
7.16
Limitations on Indebtedness and Issuance of Preferred Stock
96
7.17
Limitations on Dividends and Other Payment Restrictions Affecting Subsidiaries
100
7.18
Debt Service Coverage Ratio
101
7.19
Loan To Value Ratio
103
7.20
Business Activities
105
7.21
Earnings Accounts; Other Collateral Accounts
105
7.22
Limitation on Asset Sales
105
7.23
Subsidiaries
107
7.24
Activities of Finco
107
7.25
Use of Proceeds
108
7.26
Consents to Assignment
108
7.27
[Intentionally Omitted]
108
7.28
Limitations on Certain Amendments
108
7.29
Intentionally Omitted.
109
7.30
Substitute Vessel under Yamal Charters
109
 
 
 
SECTION 8.
Events of Default and Remedies
109
 
 
 
SECTION 9.
The Administrative Agent
112
 
 
 
9.01
Appointment
112
9.02
Nature of Duties
113
9.03
Lack of Reliance on the Administrative Agent
114
9.04
Certain Rights of the Administrative Agent
114
9.05
Reliance
115
9.06
Indemnification
115
9.07
The Administrative Agent in its Individual Capacity
115
9.08
Resignation by the Administrative Agent
116
9.09
Delegation of Duties
117
9.11
Other Agents
117
9.12
Security Trustee
118
 
 
 
SECTION 10.
Miscellaneous
118
 
 
 
10.01
Payment of Expenses, etc.
118
10.02
Right of Setoff
120
10.03
Notices
121
10.04
Benefit of Agreement; Assignments; Participations
122
10.05
No Waiver; Remedies Cumulative
128
10.06
Payments Pro Rata
128
10.07
Calculations; Computations
129
10.08
GOVERNING LAW; SUBMISSION TO JURISDICTION; VENUE; WAIVER OF JURY TRIAL
129
10.09
Counterparts
130
-iii-



10.10
Effectiveness
131
10.11
Headings Descriptive
131
10.12
Amendment or Waiver; etc.
131
10.13
Survival
133
10.14
Domicile of Loans
133
10.15
Register
133
10.16
Confidentiality
134
10.17
Intercreditor Agreement
135
10.18
Currency Conversion Shortfall
135
10.19
Releases
135
10.20
Release of Guarantees
136
10.21
Joint and Several Liability
136
10.22
Enforcement of Remedies
136
10.23
Keepwell
137
10.24
Acknowledgement and Consent to Bail-In of EEA Financial Institutions
137

ANNEX I
Commitments
SCHEDULE A
Borrower Subsidiary Guarantors
SCHEDULE 6.10
UCC-1 Filing Offices
SCHEDULE 6.11
Capital Stock of Borrowers and Borrower Subsidiary Guarantors
SCHEDULE 6.12
Subsidiaries of the Parent
SCHEDULE 6.15
Legal Name, Type of Organization (and Whether a Registered Organization), Jurisdiction of each Loan Party
SCHEDULE 6.21
Collateral Vessels
SCHEDULE 6.22
Properties
SCHEDULE 6.30
Material Contracts
SCHEDULE 7.12(c)(ix)
Transactions with Affiliates
SCHEDULE 7.13
Existing Liens
SCHEDULE 7.15(a)(iv)
Existing Investments
   
EXHIBIT A
Form of Assignment and Assumption Agreement
EXHIBIT B
Form of Guarantee Agreement
EXHIBIT C
Intentionally Omitted
EXHIBIT D
Form of Insurance Assignment
EXHIBIT E
Form of Earnings Assignment
EXHIBIT F
Form of Perfection Certificate
EXHIBIT G
Form of Notice of Borrowing
EXHIBIT H
Form of Note
EXHIBIT I
Auction Procedures
EXHIBIT J
Intentionally Omitted
EXHIBIT K
Form of Ship Mortgage
EXHIBIT L
Form of Charter Assignments
EXHIBIT M
Form of Manager's Undertakings
EXHIBIT N
Form of Compliance Certificate
-iv-


CREDIT AGREEMENT, dated as of May 18, 2017, among ARCTIC LNG CARRIERS LTD., a Marshall Islands corporation (the " Borrower "), DYNAGAS FINANCE LLC, a newly-formed Delaware limited liability company and a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Borrower (" Finco " and, together with the Borrower, the " Borrowers "), the Borrower Subsidiary Guarantors party hereto from time to time, the Lenders party hereto from time to time, and CREDIT SUISSE AG, as Administrative Agent (in such capacity, the " Administrative Agent ") and collateral agent (in such capacity, the " Collateral Agent ").  All terms used herein and defined in Section 1 are used herein as therein defined.  All references herein to the "Borrowers" are to the Borrower and Finco as joint and several borrowers under this Agreement.
W   I   T   N   E   S   S   E   T   H :
WHEREAS, the Borrowers have requested the Lenders to extend credit in the form of Term Loans on the Closing Date in an aggregate principal amount equal to $480,000,000, and the Borrowers will use the proceeds of such borrowings in accordance with Section 6.07 and Section 7.25 of this Agreement; and
WHEREAS, subject to and upon the terms and conditions herein set forth, the Lenders are willing to make available to the Borrowers the term loan facilities provided for herein.
NOW, THEREFORE, IT IS AGREED:
SECTION 1.            Definitions and Accounting Terms .
1.01            Defined Terms .  As used in this Agreement, the following terms shall have the following meanings (such meanings to be equally applicable to both the singular and plural forms of the terms defined):
" ABN Amro Refinancing " shall mean the refinancing and repayment in full on the Closing Date of the Indebtedness outstanding as of the Closing Date under the Existing ABN Amro Credit Agreement with the proceeds of the Term Loans, and the release and termination of all Liens and security interests under the Existing ABN Amro Credit Agreement contemporaneously with the Borrowing hereunder.
" Account Pledge/Control Agreement " shall mean a customary account pledge and/or account control agreement in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Collateral Agent pursuant to which the depositary institution maintaining the relevant account agrees that the Collateral Agent shall have control over such account and pursuant to which such depositary institution shall agree to comply solely with the Collateral Agent's instructions with respect to the disposition of funds in such account upon the occurrence and continuance of an Event of Default and without the consent of any other Person or comparable arrangements under U.K., Dutch or Swiss law or other applicable laws that are reasonably acceptable to the Collateral Agent, and in the case of any such account control agreement in respect of cash collateral deposited pursuant to Section 7.19(b)(i) , to which the depositary institution maintaining the relevant account agrees that the Collateral Agent shall have "control" (as defined in Section 8-106 of the UCC, as such term relates to investment property (other than certificated securities or commodity contracts), or as used in Section 9-106 of the UCC, as such term relates to commodity contracts, or as used in Section 9-104(a) of the UCC, as such term relates to deposit


accounts) and pursuant to which such depositary institution shall agree to comply solely with the Collateral Agent's instructions with respect to the disposition of funds in such account upon the occurrence and continuance of an Event of Default and without the consent of any other Person.
" Additional Collateral Vessel " shall mean a Qualified Additional Vessel purchased by (or to be purchased by) the Borrower or a Borrower Subsidiary Guarantor with the net proceeds of Other Term Loans and used in a Permitted Business, which following such acquisition shall constitute a Collateral Vessel.
" Administrative Agent " shall have the meaning provided in the first paragraph of this Agreement, and shall include any successor thereto.
" Affiliate " of any specified Person shall mean, any other Person directly or indirectly controlling or controlled by or under direct or indirect common control with such specified Person.  For purposes of this definition, "control," as used with respect to any Person, means the possession, directly or indirectly, of the power to direct or cause the direction of the management or policies of such Person, whether through the ownership of voting securities, by agreement or otherwise.  For purposes of this definition, the terms "controlling," "controlled by" and "under common control with" have correlative meanings.
" Affiliate Transaction " shall have the meaning provided in Section 7.12(a) .
" Affiliated Lender " shall mean any Affiliate of the Borrower (other than a natural Person, or a holding company, investment vehicle or trust for or owned and operated for the primary benefit of a natural Person, or the Parent, the Borrower and their respective Subsidiaries).
" Agents " shall mean, collectively, the Administrative Agent and the Other Agents.
" Agreement " shall mean this Credit Agreement, as modified, supplemented, amended, amended and restated, extended or renewed from time to time.
" Amur River Subsidiary " shall mean Seacrown Maritime Ltd., a Marshall Islands corporation.
" Anti-Corruption Laws " shall mean the FCPA, the UK Bribery Act 2010, and any Requirement of Law implementing the OECD Convention Combating Bribery of Foreign Public Officials in International Business Transactions or otherwise relating to bribery or corruption, whether governmental or commercial.
" Applicable Margin " shall mean (x) 3.50% per annum for Base Rate Loans and (y) 4.50% per annum for Eurodollar Rate Loans.
" Appraised Value " shall mean the fair market sale value (determined as provided for in the definition of Fair Market Value on a "charter-free" basis with respect to any Vessel) as of a specified date of a specified Vessel that would be obtained in an arm's-length transaction between an informed and willing seller under no compulsion to sell and an informed and willing buyer under no compulsion to buy, as determined by a Qualified Appraiser.
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" Approved Fund " shall mean any fund or other entity that is advised or managed by (a) a Lender or Eligible Transferee, (b) an Affiliate of a Lender or Eligible Transferee or (c) an entity or an Affiliate of an entity that advises or manages a Lender or Eligible Transferee.
" Arctic Aurora Subsidiary " shall mean Fareastern Shipping Limited, a Malta private limited liability company.
" Asset Sale " shall mean:
(1)            any sale, lease (other than the charter of a Collateral Vessel in the ordinary course of the Loan Parties' business), conveyance or other disposition, whether in a single transaction or a series of related transactions, of property or assets of the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries, including any disposition by means of a merger, consolidation or similar transaction; and
(2)            the issuance or sale of Equity Interests in any of the Subsidiaries, other than statutory or directors qualifying shares, whether in a single transaction or a series of related transactions.
Notwithstanding the preceding, none of the following items will be deemed to be an Asset Sale:
(1)            any single transaction or series of related transactions that involves assets having a Fair Market Value or that results in generating Net Cash Proceeds, in either case, of less than $20,000,000;
(2)            a transfer of Equity Interests or other assets between or among the Borrower and the Borrower Subsidiary Guarantors;
(3)            an issuance of Equity Interests by a Borrower Subsidiary Guarantor to the Borrower or another Borrower Subsidiary Guarantor;
(4)            the sale, lease or other disposition of products, services or accounts receivable in the ordinary course of business and any sale or conveyance or other disposition of damaged, worn-out or obsolete assets in the ordinary course of business;
(5)            the sale or other disposition of cash or Cash Equivalents, hedging contracts or other financial instruments;
(6)            licenses and sublicenses by the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries of software or intellectual property in the ordinary course of business;
(7)            a Restricted Payment that does not violate Section 7.15 or a Permitted Investment;
(8)            the creation or perfection of any Lien permitted pursuant to this Agreement, and any disposition of assets constituting Collateral resulting from foreclosure under any such Lien by the Collateral Agent, or any disposition of assets not
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constituting Collateral resulting from foreclosure under any such Lien that is a Permitted Lien; and
(9)            any surrender or waiver of contract rights or the settlement, release, recovery on or surrender of contract, tort or other claims.
" Assignment and Assumption Agreement " shall mean the Assignment and Assumption Agreement substantially in the form of Exhibit A (appropriately completed).
" Assignments " shall mean, collectively, each Insurance Assignment, each Charter Assignment and each Earnings Assignment.
" Attributable Indebtedness " in respect of a Sale and Lease-Back Transaction shall mean, at the time of determination, the present value (discounted according to GAAP at the cost of indebtedness implied in the lease; provided that if such discount rate cannot be determined in accordance with GAAP, the present value shall be discounted at the interest rate agreed to between the Administrative Agent and the Borrowers, compounded annually) of the total obligations of the lessee for rental payments during the remaining term of the lease included in such Sale and Lease-Back Transaction (including any period for which such lease has been extended); provided , however , that if such Sale and Lease-Back Transaction results in a Capital Lease Obligation, the amount of Indebtedness represented thereby will be determined in accordance with the definition of "Capital Lease Obligations."
" Auction Manager " shall have the meaning provided in Section 2.13(a) .
" Auction Notice " shall mean an auction notice given by the Borrowers in accordance with the Auction Procedures.
" Auction Procedures " shall mean the auction procedures set forth in Exhibit I hereto.
" Authorized Representative " shall mean, with respect to (a) delivering the Notice of Borrowing and similar notices on behalf of the Borrowers, any Person or Persons that has or have been authorized by the Board of Directors of each Borrower to deliver such notices pursuant to this Agreement and that has or have appropriate signature cards on file with the Administrative Agent, (b) delivering financial information and officer's certificates relating to financial matters on behalf of any specified Person pursuant to this Agreement, the chief executive officer, the chief financial officer, the treasurer or controller of such specified Person or, if there is no chief financial officer, treasurer or controller of such specified Person, any other senior executive officer of such specified Person designated by the president or the Board of Directors of such specified Person or such specified Person's general partner as being a financial officer authorized to deliver and certify financial information on behalf of such specified Person under this Agreement and (c) any other matter on behalf of any specified Person in connection with this Agreement or any other Loan Document, any officer (or a Person or Persons so designated by any two officers) of such specified Person or of such specified Person's general partner, if applicable.
" Available Cash " shall mean with respect to any Person for any period:
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(1)            the sum of all cash and Cash Equivalents of such Person and its Subsidiaries on hand at the end of such period other than (i) the Net Cash Proceeds of Indebtedness directly or indirectly incurred by such Person or its Subsidiaries and (ii) any amount in respect of any Event of Loss or Asset Sale (other than any amount that is permitted to be retained by such Person in accordance with the Loan Documents and available for Restricted Payments); minus
(2)            the amount of any cash reserves established by the Board of Directors of such Person or otherwise retained by such Person to:
(a)            provide for the proper conduct of the business of such Person and its Subsidiaries (including reserves for future capital expenditures and for anticipated future credit needs of such Person and its Subsidiaries) subsequent to such period; or
(b)            comply with applicable law or regulation or any loan agreement, security agreement, mortgage, debt instrument or other agreement or obligation to which such Person or any of its Subsidiaries is a party or by which it is bound or its assets are subject.
" Bail-In Action " shall mean the exercise of any Write-Down and Conversion Powers by the applicable EEA Resolution Authority in respect of any liability of an EEA Financial Institution.
" Bail-In Legislation " shall mean, with respect to any EEA Member Country implementing Article 55 of Directive 2014/59/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of the European Union, the implementing law for such EEA Member Country from time to time which is described in the EU Bail-In Legislation Schedule.
" Bankruptcy Law " shall mean Title 11 of the United States Code, as may be amended from time to time, or any similar federal, state or foreign law for the relief of debtors.
" Bankruptcy Plan " shall have the meaning provided in Section 10.04(d)(iii) .
" Base Rate " shall mean, for any day, a rate of interest per annum equal to the highest of (a) the Prime Rate for such day, (b) the sum of the Federal Funds Rate for such day plus 1 / 2 of 1% and (c) 1% per annum above the Eurodollar Rate for a one-month Interest Period determined on such date (or if such day is not a Business Day, the immediately preceding Business Day).
" Base Rate Loan " shall mean a Loan that bears interest as provided in Section 2.06(a)(i) .
" Beneficial Owner " shall have the meaning assigned to such term in Rule 13d-3 and Rule 13d-5 under the Exchange Act, except that in calculating the beneficial ownership of any particular "person" (as that term is used in Section 13(d)(3) of the Exchange Act), such "person" will be deemed to have beneficial ownership of all securities that such "person" has the right to acquire by conversion or exercise of other securities, whether such right is currently exercisable or is exercisable only after the passage of time.  The term "Beneficially Owned" has a corresponding meaning.
" Board of Directors " shall mean:
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(1)            with respect to a corporation, the board of directors (or equivalent) of such corporation or any committee thereof duly authorized to act on behalf of such board of directors;
(2)            with respect to a partnership, the board of directors (or equivalent) of the partnership or the general partner of such partnership, as the case may be;
(3)            with respect to a limited liability company, the managing member or members or any controlling committee of managing members thereof or the manager or any committee of managers; and
(4)            with respect to any other Person, the board or committee of such Person serving a similar function.
" Borrower " shall have the meaning provided in the first paragraph of this Agreement.
" Borrower Group Party " shall mean the Borrowers and each Subsidiary of the Borrowers.
" Borrower Restricted Information " shall mean material non-public information with respect to the Borrower or its Subsidiaries or with respect to the securities of any such Person.
" Borrowers " shall have the meaning provided in the first paragraph of this Agreement.
" Borrower Subsidiary Guarantor " shall mean a Guarantor that is a Subsidiary of the Borrower.  The Borrower Subsidiary Guarantors as of the Closing Date are listed on Schedule A .
" Borrowing " shall mean a simultaneous borrowing of Loans of the same Class and Type, and with respect to Eurodollar Rate Loans, with the same Interest Period, from all the Lenders having Commitments or Loans of such Class (other than any Lender which has not funded its share of a Borrowing in accordance with this Agreement).
" Business Day " shall mean (a) for all purposes other than as covered by the following clause (b), any day except Saturday, Sunday and any day which shall be in New York, Athens, London, Switzerland or the Netherlands a legal holiday or a day on which banking institutions are authorized or required by law or other government action to close and (b) with respect to all notices and determinations in connection with, and payments of principal and interest on, Eurodollar Rate Loans, any day which is a Business Day described in clause (a) above and which is also a day for trading by and between banks in Dollar deposits in the London interbank Eurodollar market.
" Capital Lease Obligations " shall mean, at the time any determination is to be made, the amount of the liability in respect of a capital lease that would at that time be required to be capitalized on a balance sheet prepared in accordance with GAAP, and the Stated Maturity thereof shall be the date of the last payment of rent or any other amount due under such lease prior to the first date upon which such lease may be prepaid by the lessee without payment of a penalty.
" Capital Stock " shall mean (1) in the case of a corporation, corporate stock, (2) in the case of an association or business entity, any and all shares, interests, participations, rights or
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other equivalents (however designated) of corporate stock, (3) in the case of a partnership or limited liability company, partnership interests (whether general or limited) or membership interests and (4) any other interest or participation that confers on a Person the right to receive a share of the profits and losses of, or distributions of assets of, the issuing Person, but excluding from all of the foregoing any debt securities convertible into Capital Stock, whether or not such debt securities include any right of participation with Capital Stock.
" Cash Equivalents " shall mean (1) United States dollars; (2) securities issued or directly and fully guaranteed or insured by the United States government or any agency or instrumentality of the United States government ( provided that the full faith and credit of the United States is pledged in support of those securities) having maturities of not more than six months from the date of acquisition; (3) certificates of deposit and Eurodollar time deposits with maturities of six months or less from the date of acquisition, bankers' acceptances with maturities not exceeding six months and overnight bank deposits, in each case with any Lender or any commercial bank organized under, or authorized to operate as a bank under, the laws of any country that is a member of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development or has concluded special lending arrangements with the International Monetary Fund associated with its General Arrangements to Borrow, or a political subdivision of any such country, the United States or any state thereof and, in each case, having capital, surplus and undivided profits in excess of $200,000,000 and which have a long term debt rating of "P-2" or higher by Moody's or "A-2" or higher by S&P; (4) repurchase obligations with a term of not more than seven days for underlying securities of the types described in clauses (2) and (3) above entered into with any financial institution meeting the qualifications specified in clause (3) above; (5) commercial paper having one of the two highest ratings obtainable from Moody's or S&P and, in each case, maturing within six months of the original issue thereof; and (6) money market funds at least 95% of the assets of which constitute Cash Equivalents of the kinds described in clauses (1) through (5) of this definition.
" cbm " shall mean cubic meters.
" CERCLA " shall mean the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980, as the same has been amended and may hereafter be amended from time to time, 42 U.S.C. § 9601 et   seq .
" Change of Control " shall mean the occurrence of any of the following:
(1)            the direct or indirect sale, lease, transfer, conveyance or other disposition (other than by way of amalgamation, merger or consolidation permitted hereunder and other than operating leases arising as a result of a vessel employment contract entered into in the ordinary course of business), in one or a series of related transactions, of all or substantially all of the properties or assets of the Parent and its Subsidiaries taken as a whole or of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries taken as a whole, in either case, to any one or more "person(s)" (as that term is used in Section 13(d)(3) of the Exchange Act), other than a Permitted Holder;
(2)            the Parent or the Borrower is liquidated or dissolved or adopts a plan relating to the liquidation or dissolution of the Parent or the Borrower (other than as a result of any transaction expressly permitted herein);
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(3)            the consummation of any transaction or any series of transactions (including, without limitation, any merger, consolidation or other business combination), the result of which is that any "person" (as defined above), other than a Permitted Holder, becomes the Beneficial Owner, directly or indirectly, of 50% or more of the Voting Stock of Dynagas GP LLC, measured by voting power rather than number of shares;
(4)            the consummation of any transaction or any series of transactions (including, without limitation, any merger, consolidation or other business combination), the result of which is that any "person" (as defined above), other than a Permitted Holder, becomes the Beneficial Owner, directly or indirectly, of 50% or more of the Voting Stock of the Parent, measured by voting power rather than number of shares;
(5)            the first day on which Dynagas GP LLC ceases to be the General Partner of the Parent; or
(6)            the first day on which the Parent or a Permitted Holder ceases to own, directly or indirectly, 100% of the outstanding Equity Interests of the Borrower.
" Charter Assignment " shall mean, collectively, the first-priority assignments of each Collateral Vessel Contract in favor of the Collateral Agent given by the Borrower and the applicable Guarantor, substantially in the form of Exhibit L hereto as the same may be amended, supplemented or modified from time to time.
" Class ", when used in reference to (a) any Loan or Borrowing, refers to whether such Loan, or the Loans comprising such Borrowing, are Term Loans or Other Term Loans, (b) any Commitment, refers to whether such Commitment is a Term Loan Commitment, an Incremental Commitment or any other commitment hereunder and (c) any Lender, refers to whether such Lender has a Loan or Commitment with respect to a particular Class.
" Clean Energy Subsidiary " shall mean Pegasus Shipholding S.A., a Marshall Islands corporation.
" Closing Date " shall have the meaning provided in Section 5.01 , which date shall be May 18, 2017.
" Code " shall mean the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (unless as specifically provided otherwise).
" Collateral " shall mean all rights, assets and property, whether now owned or hereafter acquired, upon which a Lien or Mortgage securing the Secured Obligations is granted or purported to be granted under any Collateral Agreement.
" Collateral Agent " shall mean Credit Suisse AG in its capacity as collateral agent for its benefit, for the benefit of the Lenders under the Collateral Agreements and for the benefit of the holders of all other Pari Passu Obligations, together with its successors in such capacity.
" Collateral Agreements " shall mean, collectively, any Intercreditor Agreement, each Mortgage, each Assignment, each Account Pledge/Control Agreement and each other
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instrument, including any security document or pledge agreement, creating Liens in favor of the Collateral Agent as required by the Loan Documents, in each case, as the same may be in force from time to time.
" Collateral and Guarantee Requirement " shall mean, at any time, the requirement that:
(a)            (i) the Borrower and each Subsidiary of the Borrower and (ii) the Parent, Dynagas Operating, Dynagas Equity, Dynagas Operating GP and each other Subsidiary of the Parent that directly or indirectly owns or holds any Equity Interest in the Borrowers, shall have duly authorized, executed and delivered to the Administrative Agent the Guarantee Agreement or a supplement thereto, substantially in the form attached thereto, as applicable (pursuant to which such Person becomes subject to the obligations of a Guarantor), and the Guarantee Agreement shall be in full force and effect;
(b)            [intentionally omitted];
(c)            the Collateral Agent shall have received duly authorized, executed and delivered, (i) Insurance Assignments from the Borrower and each applicable Guarantor substantially in the form of Exhibit D covering all such Loan Party's present and future interest in insurance in respect of the Collateral Vessels and other Collateral, and each Insurance Assignment shall be in full force and effect, (ii) Earnings Assignments from each applicable Guarantor substantially in the form of Exhibit E covering all earnings of the Collateral Vessels, and each Earnings Assignment shall be in full force and effect, (iii) Charter Assignments covering each Collateral Vessel Contract from each applicable Guarantor substantially in the form of Exhibit L , to the extent the Collateral Agent shall have issued a quiet enjoyment letter to the relevant counterparties to the Collateral Vessel Contract and any other documents required under such Collateral Vessel Contract (in each case, if required by such counterparties); provided that no such Charter Assignments shall be required to the extent it constitutes an Excluded Charter Assignment, (iv) Manager's Undertakings from the Manager of each Collateral Vessel substantially in the form of Exhibit M or otherwise reasonably acceptable to the Collateral Agent, and each Manager's Undertakings shall be in full force and effect, and (v) if the relevant Guarantor holds an Earnings Account, an Account Pledge/Control Agreement (or other comparable arrangement under U.K., Dutch or Swiss law or other applicable laws that are acceptable to the Collateral Agent) with respect to each Earnings Account, and each such Control Agreement shall be in full force and effect;
(d)            all UCC financing statements required by applicable law or reasonably requested by the Collateral Agent to be filed, registered or recorded to perfect the Liens intended to be perfected pursuant to the terms of the Collateral Agreements with the priority required by, the Collateral Agreements, shall have been filed, registered or recorded or delivered to the Collateral Agent for filing, registration or recording;
(e)            the Collateral Agent shall have received counterparts of Ship Mortgages with respect to each Collateral Vessel, duly authorized, executed and delivered by each Loan Party that holds an interest in each such Collateral Vessel and each such Ship Mortgage shall be effective upon filing to create in favor of the Collateral Agent (acting as security trustee for the Lender Creditors and holders of other Pari Passu Obligations if required under the laws of the
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flag state of any Collateral Vessel), for the benefit of the Lender Creditors, a legal, valid and enforceable first preferred ship mortgage on, and Lien upon, such Collateral Vessel, subject only to Permitted Collateral Liens, and each Ship Mortgage shall be in full force and effect; and
(f)            all filings, deliveries of instruments, legal opinions and other actions necessary or desirable in the reasonable opinion of the Administrative Agent to perfect and preserve the first-priority security interests (subject to Permitted Collateral Liens) described in clauses (a) through (e) above shall have been duly effected or delivered, as the case may be, and the Collateral Agent shall have received evidence thereof in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Administrative Agent.
Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of this definition or anything in this Agreement or any other Loan Document to the contrary, Liens required to be granted from time to time pursuant to the "Collateral and Guarantee Requirement" shall be subject to exceptions and limitations expressly set forth in this Agreement and the Collateral Agreements.  The Administrative Agent may grant extensions of time for the creation and perfection of security interests in or the obtaining of legal opinions or other deliverables with respect to particular assets or the provision of any Loan Guarantee by any Loan Party (including extensions beyond the Closing Date or in connection with assets acquired, or Subsidiaries formed or acquired, after the Closing Date) where it determines that such action cannot be accomplished without undue effort or expense by the time or times at which it would otherwise be required to be accomplished by this Agreement or the Collateral Agreements.
" Collateral Vessel Contract " shall mean each Existing Charter or other charterparty or pool agreement in respect of any Collateral Vessel or other contract for use of any Collateral Vessel.
" Collateral Vessels " shall mean Vessel A, Vessel B, Vessel C, Vessel D, Vessel E and Vessel F listed on Schedule 6.21 , any Additional Collateral Vessels, any Substitute Vessels and any additional Vessels contributed to the Borrower pursuant to Section 7.19(b) .
" Commitment " shall mean, with respect to each Lender, such Lender's Term Loan Commitment and/or such Lender's Incremental Commitment, as applicable.
" Commodity Exchange Act " shall mean the Commodity Exchange Act (7 U.S.C. § 1 et seq.).
" Communications " shall have the meaning provided in Section 10.03(d)(ii) .
" Compliance Certificate " shall mean a certificate from an Authorized Representative of the Parent in the form of Exhibit N hereto.
" Conversion ," " Convert " and " Converted " each refer to a conversion of Loans of one Type into Loans of the other Type pursuant to Section 2.07 .
" CS Refinancing " shall mean the refinancing and repayment in full on the Closing Date of Indebtedness outstanding as of the Closing Date under the Existing CS Loan Agreement with the proceeds of the Term Loans, and the release and termination of all Liens and security
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interests under the Existing CS Loan Agreement contemporaneously with the initial Borrowing hereunder.
" Custodian " shall mean any receiver, trustee, assignee, liquidator, sequestrator or similar official under any Bankruptcy Law.
" Debt Fund Affiliate " shall mean an Affiliated Lender that is a bona fide debt fund or an investment vehicle that is primarily engaged in making, purchasing, holding or otherwise investing in commercial loans, bonds and similar extensions of credit in the ordinary course of its business and with respect to which none of the Borrower or any Affiliate of the Borrower makes investment decisions or has the power, directly or indirectly, to direct or cause the direction of such Affiliated Lender's investment decisions.
" Debt Service " shall mean, for any period, without duplication, all scheduled payments of principal, interest and fees due and payable by the Borrower Group Parties in respect of the Secured Obligations (other than Hedging Obligations) in such period; provided that Debt Service for the Fiscal Quarters ended September 30, 2016, December 31, 2016, March 31, 2017 and June 30, 2017 shall be deemed to be $ 7,846,000, $ 7,829,000, $7,752,000 and $7,902,000 respectively.
" Debt Service Coverage Ratio " shall mean, as of the end of each fiscal quarter, the ratio of (i) Operating Cash Flow Available for Debt Service for the preceding 12-month period to (ii) Debt Service payable for such period.
" Default " shall mean any event that is, or with the passage of time or the giving of notice or both would be, an Event of Default.
" Disqualified Institution " shall mean, on any date, (a) any Person designated by the Borrower as a "Disqualified Institution" by written notice delivered to the Administrative Agent on or prior to the date hereof and (b) any other Person that is a competitor of the Parent or any of its Subsidiaries and their respective Affiliates that are clearly identified on the basis of their names, which Person has been designated by the Borrower as a "Disqualified Institution" by written notice to the Administrative Agent and the Lenders (including by posting such notice to the Platform) from time to time following the Closing Date; provided that "Disqualified Institutions" shall exclude (i) any bona fide debt fund or an investment vehicle that is primarily engaged in making, purchasing, holding or otherwise investing in commercial loans, bonds and similar extensions of credit in the ordinary course of its business and with respect to which none of the Persons described in clauses (a) or (b) above makes investment decisions or has the power, directly or indirectly, to direct or cause the direction of such bona fide debt fund's or investment vehicle's investment decisions and (ii) any Person that the Borrower has designated as no longer being a "Disqualified Institution" by written notice delivered to the Administrative Agent from time to time.  The list of Disqualified Institutions shall be available for inspection upon request by any Lender.
" Disqualified Stock " shall mean any Capital Stock that, by its terms (or by the terms of any security into which it is convertible, or for which it is exchangeable, in each case, at the option of the holder of such Capital Stock), or upon the happening of any event, matures or is
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mandatorily redeemable, pursuant to a sinking fund obligation or otherwise, or redeemable (in each case other than in exchange for or conversion into Capital Stock that is not Disqualified Stock) at the option of the holder of such Capital Stock, in whole or in part, on or prior to the date that is 91 days after the Term Maturity Date (as such date is set forth on the date of any determination).  Notwithstanding the preceding sentence, any Capital Stock that would constitute Disqualified Stock solely because the holders of such Capital Stock have the right to require the issuer thereof to repurchase or redeem such Capital Stock upon the occurrence of a change of control or an asset sale will not constitute Disqualified Stock if the terms of such Capital Stock provide that such issuer may not repurchase or redeem any such Capital Stock pursuant to such provisions unless such repurchase or redemption complies with Section 7.15 .  The amount of Disqualified Stock deemed to be outstanding at any time for purposes of this Agreement will be the maximum amount that the Borrower and its Subsidiaries may become obligated to pay upon the maturity of, or pursuant to any mandatory redemption provisions of, such Disqualified Stock.
" Dollar Equivalent " shall mean, with respect to any monetary amount in a currency other than Dollars, at any time of determination thereof, the amount of Dollars obtained by converting such other currency involved in such computation into Dollars at the spot rate for the purchase of Dollars with such other currency as published in the Financial Times in the section entitled "Currencies, Bonds & Interest Rates" (or, if the Financial Times is no longer published, or if such information is no longer available in the Financial Times, such source as may be selected in good faith by the Borrower) on the date of such determination.  Except as expressly provided otherwise, whenever it is necessary to determine whether any Loan Party has complied with any covenant or other provision in this Agreement or if there has occurred an Event of Default and an amount is expressed in a currency other than Dollars, such amount will be treated as the Dollar Equivalent determined as of the date such amount is initially determined in such non-dollar currency.
" Dollars " and the sign " $ " shall each mean lawful money of the United States.
" DQ List " shall have the meaning provided in Section 10.04(f)(iv) .
" DSCR Covenant " shall have the meaning provided in Section 7.18(b) .
" DSCR Cure " shall have the meaning provided in Section 7.18(b) .
" DSCR Cure Expiration Date " shall have the meaning provided in Section 7.18(b) .
" DSCR Cure Notice " shall have the meaning provided in Section 7.18(c) .
" Dynagas Equity " shall mean Dynagas Equity Holding Ltd., a Liberian corporation.
" Dynagas Holdings " shall mean Dynagas Holdings Ltd., a Marshall Islands corporation.
" Dynagas Operating " shall mean Dynagas Operating LP, a Marshall Islands limited partnership.
" Earnings " shall mean (i) all freight, hire and passage moneys payable to the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries as a consequence of the operation of a Vessel owned by the Borrower or
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any of its Subsidiaries, including without limitation payments of any nature under any charterparty, pool agreement or other contract for use of such Vessel; (ii) any claim under any guarantee in respect of any charterparty, pool agreement or other contract for use of a Vessel owned by the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries or otherwise related to freight, hire or passage moneys payable to the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries as a consequence of the operation of any of the Vessels owned by the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries; (iii) compensation payable to the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries in the event of any requisition of any of the Vessels owned by the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries; (iv) remuneration for salvage, towage and other services performed by any of the Vessels owned by the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries and payable to the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries; (v) demurrage and retention money receivable by the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries in relation to any of the Vessels owned by the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries; (vi) all moneys which are at any time payable under the insurances in respect of loss of Earnings; (vii) if and whenever any Vessel owned by the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries is employed on terms whereby any moneys falling within clauses (i) through (vi) above are pooled or shared with any other person, that proportion of the net receipts of the relevant pooling or sharing arrangement which is attributable to the relevant Vessel; and (viii) other money whatsoever due or to become due to any of the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries in relation to any of the Vessels owned by the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries.
" Earnings Accounts " shall mean any account into which all Earnings derived from each Collateral Vessel Contract shall be deposited or forwarded that is subject to an Account Pledge/Control Agreement, except to the extent prohibited by applicable law.
" Earnings Assignment " shall mean, collectively, the first-priority assignments of the Earnings derived from the Collateral Vessels and their respective operations in favor of the Collateral Agent given by the Borrower and the applicable Guarantor, substantially in the form of Exhibit E hereto as the same may be amended, supplemented or modified from time to time.
" EEA Financial Institution " shall mean (a) any credit institution or investment firm established in any EEA Member Country which is subject to the supervision of an EEA Resolution Authority, (b) any entity established in an EEA Member Country which is a parent of an institution described in clause (a) of this definition, or (c) any financial institution established in an EEA Member Country which is a subsidiary of an institution described in clauses (a) or (b) of this definition and is subject to consolidated supervision with its parent;
" EEA Member Country " shall mean any of the member states of the European Union, Iceland, Liechtenstein, and Norway.
" EEA Resolution Authority " shall mean any public administrative authority or any person entrusted with public administrative authority of any EEA Member Country (including any delegee) having responsibility for the resolution of any EEA Financial Institution.
" Eligible Transferee " shall mean and include a commercial bank, an insurance company, a finance company, a financial institution, any fund or other entity that invests in loans or any other "accredited investor" (as defined in Regulation D of the Securities Act); provided that none of the Borrower or its Affiliates shall be an Eligible Transferee other than in connection with an
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assignment to the Borrower or its Affiliates in accordance with the terms and subject to the conditions set forth in Section 2.13 and Section 10.04(d) ; provided   further that "Eligible Transferee" shall not include any Person that is (i) a Disqualified Institution or (ii) a natural Person, or a holding company, investment vehicle or trust for or owned and operated for the primary benefit of a natural Person.
" Environmental Claims " shall mean any and all administrative, regulatory or judicial actions, suits, demands, demand letters, directives, claims, Liens, notices of noncompliance or violation, investigations or proceedings relating in any way to any Environmental Law or any permit issued, or any approval given, under any such Environmental Law (hereafter, " Claims "), including (a) any and all Claims by Governmental Authorities for enforcement, cleanup, removal, response or remedial actions or damages pursuant to any Environmental Law, and (b) any and all Claims by any third party seeking damages, contribution, indemnification, cost recovery, compensation or injunctive relief arising out of alleged injury or threat of injury to health, safety or the environment to the extent due to the Release of or exposure to Hazardous Materials.
" Environmental Law " shall mean any applicable federal, state, foreign, national, international or local statute, law, treaty, rule, regulation, ordinance, code, convention legally binding and enforceable guideline or written policy and rule of common law now or hereafter in effect and in each case as amended, and any judicial or administrative interpretation thereof, including any judicial or administrative order, consent decree or judgment relating to the pollution, the environment, natural resources, or health and safety, including CERCLA; OPA; the Federal Water Pollution Control Act, 33 U.S.C. § 1251 et   seq .; the Hazardous Material Transportation Act, 49 U.S.C. § 1801 et   seq .; the Occupational Safety and Health Act, 29 U.S.C. § 651 et   seq . (to the extent it regulates occupational exposure to Hazardous Materials); and any state and local or foreign counterparts or equivalents, in each case as amended from time to time.
" Environmental Liability " shall mean any liability, obligation, loss, claim, action, order, fine, penalty or cost, contingent or otherwise (including natural resource damages, costs of environmental remediation and indemnities), resulting from, arising out of or based upon (a) non-compliance with any Environmental Law, (b) the generation, use, handling, transportation, storage, treatment or disposal of any Hazardous Materials, (c) exposure to any Hazardous Materials, (d) the Release or threatened Release of any Hazardous Materials or (e) any contract, agreement or other consensual arrangement pursuant to which liability is assumed or imposed with respect to any of the foregoing.
" Equity Interests " shall mean Capital Stock and all warrants, options or other rights to acquire Capital Stock (but excluding any debt security or loan that is convertible into, or exchangeable for, Capital Stock).
" ERISA " shall mean the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended from time to time, and the regulations promulgated and rulings issued thereunder.  Section references to ERISA are to ERISA, as in effect at the Closing Date and any subsequent provisions of ERISA, amendatory thereof, supplemental thereto or substituted therefor.
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" ERISA Affiliate " shall mean each person (as defined in Section 3(9) of ERISA) which together with the Borrowers or a domestic Subsidiary of the Borrowers would be deemed to be a "single employer" within the meaning of Section 414(b), (c), (m) or (o) of the Code or any substantially similar provision of foreign law.
" ERISA Event " shall mean (a) any "reportable event", as defined in Section 4043 of ERISA or the regulations issued thereunder with respect to a Plan (other than an event for which the 30-day notice period is waived); (b) a failure by any Plan to satisfy the minimum funding standards (as defined in Section 412 of the Code or Section 302 of ERISA) applicable to such Plan, in each instance, whether or not waived; (c) the filing pursuant to Section 412(c) of the Code or Section 302(c) of ERISA of an application for a waiver of the minimum funding standard with respect to any Plan; (d) a determination that any Plan is, or is expected to be, in "at-risk" status (as defined in Section 430(i)(4) of the Code or Section 303(i)(4) of ERISA); (e) the incurrence by the Borrower or any ERISA Affiliate of any liability under Title IV of ERISA with respect to the termination of any Plan; (f) the receipt by the Borrower or any ERISA Affiliate from the PBGC or a Plan administrator of any notice relating to an intention to terminate any Plan or to appoint a trustee to administer any Plan; (g) the incurrence by the Borrower or any ERISA Affiliate of any liability with respect to the withdrawal or partial withdrawal from any Plan or Multiemployer Plan; (h) the receipt by the Borrower or any ERISA Affiliate of any notice, or the receipt by any Multiemployer Plan from the Borrower or any ERISA Affiliate of any notice, concerning the imposition of Withdrawal Liability or a determination that a Multiemployer Plan is, or is expected to be, insolvent or in reorganization, within the meaning of Title IV of ERISA or in "endangered" or "critical" status, within the meaning of Section 432 of the Code or Section 305 of ERISA; or (i) the occurrence of any event or condition with respect to any Foreign Pension Plan that, under any applicable foreign law, is substantially similar to any of subsections (a) through (h) hereof.
" EU Bail-In Legislation Schedule " shall mean the EU Bail-In Legislation Schedule published by the Loan Market Association (or any successor person), as in effect from time to time.
" Eurodollar Rate " shall mean with respect to each Interest Period for any Eurodollar Rate Loan, a rate of interest per annum equal to the higher of (a) the London interbank offered rate as administered by ICE Benchmark Administration (or any other Person that takes over the administration of such rate) for Dollars for a period equal in length to such Interest Period at or about 11:00 A.M. (London time) on the Interest Determination Date as displayed on pages LIBOR01 or LIBOR02 of the Reuters screen that displays such rate (or on any successor or substitute page on such screen), provided that if on such Interest Determination Date no such rate is so displayed, the Eurodollar Rate for such period shall be determined by reference to such other comparable publicly available service for displaying interest rates applicable to Dollar deposits in the London interbank market as may be selected by the Administrative Agent or, in the absence of such availability, by reference to the Interpolated Rate, in each case divided by a percentage equal to 100% minus the then stated maximum rate of all reserve requirements (including, without limitation, any marginal, emergency, supplemental, special or other reserves required by applicable law) applicable to any member bank of the Federal Reserve System in respect of Eurocurrency funding or liabilities as defined in Regulation D (or any successor category of liabilities under Regulation D), and (b) 1.00%.
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" Eurodollar Rate Loan " shall mean a Loan that bears interest as provided in Section 2.06(a)(ii) .
" Event of Default " shall have the meaning provided in Section 8 .
" Event of Loss " shall mean the damage, destruction or condemnation of any assets or property of any Borrower Group Party, including any Event of Total Loss, in an amount exceeding $30,000,000.
" Event of Total Loss " shall mean any of the following events:
(a)            the actual or constructive total loss of a Collateral Vessel or the agreed, arranged or compromised total loss of a Collateral Vessel (including any destruction of a Collateral Vessel or damage to a Collateral Vessel as shall make such Collateral Vessel permanently unfit for normal use (other than obsolescence);
(b)            any expropriation, confiscation or requisition of a Collateral Vessel, which is effected by any government or official authority (excluding a requisition for hire for a fixed period that is 18 months or less without any right to an extension) unless it is within 120 days redelivered to the full control of the relevant vessel owner; and
(c)            any arrest, capture, seizure or detention (including any hijacking or theft) of a Collateral Vessel unless it is within 120 days redelivered to the full control of the relevant vessel owner or, in the case of piracy, for the shorter of (i) twelve (12) months and (ii) such other period as the relevant insurance policy states must be expired for a total loss to have occurred.
An Event of Total Loss shall be deemed to have occurred:
(A)            in the case of an actual loss of a Collateral Vessel, the date on which it occurred or, if that is unknown, the date when that Collateral Vessel was last heard of;
(B)            in the case of a constructive, compromised, agreed or arranged total loss of a Collateral Vessel, the date on which any compromise, arrangement or agreement made by or on behalf of the relevant Guarantor with that Collateral Vessel's insurers in which the insurers agree to treat that Collateral Vessel as a total loss; and
(C)            in the case of any other type of Event of Total Loss, the date reasonably determined by the Administrative Agent as the date (or the most likely date) on which the event constituting the total loss occurred.
" Excess Asset Sale Proceeds " shall have the meaning set forth in Section 7.22(d) .
" Excess Loss Proceeds " has the meaning provided in Section 4.02(a)(iv) .
" Exchange Act " shall mean the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and the rules and regulations of the SEC thereunder.
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" Excluded Charter Assignment " shall mean a Charter Assignment with respect to any Collateral Vessel Contract that (i) requires the counterparty to such Collateral Vessel Contract to consent to such assignment and the Loan Parties have been unable to obtain such consent after using commercially reasonable efforts or (ii) through a course of dealing between the counterparty to such Collateral Vessel Contract and the applicable Loan Party or its Affiliates, the consent of such counterparty to a collateral assignment of a Collateral Vessel Contract or similar charterparty has routinely been obtained prior to any such assignment and the applicable Loan Parties have been unable to obtain such consent using commercially reasonable efforts.
" Excluded Swap Guarantor " shall mean any Guarantor all or a portion of whose Loan Guarantee of, or grant of a security interest to secure, any Swap Obligation (or any Loan Guarantee thereof) is or becomes illegal under the Commodity Exchange Act or any rule, regulation or order of the Commodity Futures Trading Commission (or the application or official interpretation of any thereof).
" Excluded Swap Obligation " shall mean, with respect to any Guarantor, any Swap Obligation if, and to the extent that, all or a portion of the Loan Guarantee of such Guarantor of, or the grant by such Guarantor of a security interest to secure, such Swap Obligation (or any Loan Guarantee thereof) is or becomes illegal under the Commodity Exchange Act or any rule, regulation or order of the Commodity Futures Trading Commission (or the application or official interpretation of any thereof) by virtue of such Guarantor's failure for any reason to constitute an "eligible contract participant" as defined in the Commodity Exchange Act and the regulations thereunder at the time the Loan Guarantee of such Guarantor or the grant of such security interest becomes effective with respect to such Swap Obligation.  If a Swap Obligation arises under a master agreement governing more than one swap, such exclusion shall apply only to the portion of such Swap Obligation that is attributable to swaps for which such Loan Guarantee or security interest is or becomes illegal.
" Excluded Taxes " shall mean any of the following Taxes imposed on or with respect to a Recipient or required to be withheld or deducted from a payment to a Recipient, (a) Taxes imposed on or measured by net income (however denominated), franchise Taxes, branch profits Taxes, in each case, (i) imposed as a result of such Recipient being organized under the laws of, or having its principal office or, in the case of any Lender, its applicable lending office located in, the jurisdiction imposing such Tax (or any political subdivision thereof) or (ii) that are Other Connection Taxes and (b) any U.S. federal withholding Taxes imposed under FATCA.
" Existing ABN Amro Credit Agreement " shall mean that certain senior secured term loan facility, dated as of December 17, 2015, by and among Yenisei River Subsidiary and Lena River Subsidiary, as borrowers, the lenders party thereto and ABN Amro NV, as agent.
" Existing Charters " shall mean (i) that certain Time Charter Agreement, dated as of June 19, 2013, by and between the Arctic Aurora Subsidiary and Statoil ASA with respect to Vessel A, (ii) that certain LNG Carrier Time Charter Agreement, dated as of April 17, 2014, by and between the Amur River Subsidiary and Gazprom Marketing and Trading Singapore PTE. LTD with respect to Vessel B, (iii) that certain LNG Carrier Time Charter Agreement, dated as of October 31, 2016, by and between the Clean Energy Subsidiary and Gazprom Marketing and Trading Singapore PTE. LTD with respect to Vessel C, (iv) that certain LNG Carrier Time
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Charterparty, dated as of August 2, 2011, by and between the Lena River Subsidiary and Gazprom Global LNG Limited with respect to Vessel D, (v) the Lena River Yamal Charter, (vi) that certain LNG Carrier Time Charterparty, dated as of August 2, 2011, by and between the Ob River Subsidiary and Gazprom Global LNG Limited with respect to Vessel E, (vii) that certain LNG Carrier Time Charterparty, dated as of March 24, 2016, by and between the Ob River Subsidiary and Gazprom Marketing and Trading Singapore PTE. LTD with respect to Vessel E, (viii) that certain LNG Carrier Time Charterparty, dated as of August 2, 2011, by and between the Yenisei River Subsidiary and Gazprom Global LNG Limited with respect to Vessel F and (ix) the Yenisei River Yamal Charter.
" Existing CS Loan Agreement " shall mean that certain Loan Agreement, dated as of June 19, 2014, by and among Clean Energy Subsidiary, Ob River Subsidiary, Arctic Aurora Subsidiary and the Amur River Subsidiary, as joint and several borrowers, the banks and financial institutions named therein as lenders, and Credit Suisse AG, as agent and as security trustee.
" Existing Loans " shall have the meaning provided in Section 2.14(a) .
" Extended Loans " shall have the meaning provided in Section 2.14(a) .
" Extending Lender " shall have the meaning provided in Section 2.14(b) .
" Extension Amendment " shall have the meaning provided in Section 2.14(c) .
" Extension Date " shall have the meaning provided in Section 2.14(d) .
" Extension Election " shall have the meaning provided in Section 2.14(b) .
" Extension Request " shall have the meaning provided in Section 2.14(a) .
" Extension Series " shall mean all Extended Loans that are established pursuant to the same Extension Amendment (or any subsequent Extension Amendment to the extent such Extension Amendment expressly provides that the Extended Loans provided for therein are intended to be a part of any previously established Extension Series) and that provide for the same interest margins, extension fees, maturity and other terms.
" Fair Market Value " shall mean:
(A)            with respect to one or more Collateral Vessels (regardless of its value) or one or more Vessels which are to become Collateral Vessels (regardless of value) or any other Vessel (regardless of value), Fair Market Value shall be based on the average of the "charter-free" Appraised Values of such Vessel from two Qualified Appraisers.  With respect to the determination of the Appraised Value of any Vessel, such Appraised Value for purposes of determining the Fair Market Value thereof may be determined as of such specified date or any prior date not more than 30 days prior to such specified date; and
(B)            with respect to any other asset or property, the value that would be paid by a willing buyer to an unaffiliated willing seller in an arm's length transaction not involving distress or
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necessity of either party.  Fair Market Value shall be determined in good faith by (i) if the value of such property or asset is $5,000,000 or less, an officer of the Parent (ii) if the value of such property or asset exceeds $5,000,000, the Board of Directors of the Parent; and (iii) in addition to the requirements of clause (ii) above, if the value of such property or asset exceeds $25,000,000, the written opinion of an accounting, appraisal, investment banking or other firm recognized in the shipping industry and qualified to perform the task for which such firm has been engaged (as determined by the Borrower in good faith).
" FATCA " shall mean Sections 1471 through 1474 of the Code, as of the date of this Agreement (or any amended or successor version that is substantively comparable and not materially more onerous to comply with), any current or future regulations or official interpretations thereof, any agreements entered into pursuant to Section 1471(b)(1) of the Code and any intergovernmental agreements entered into by the United States as of the date of this Agreement.
" FCPA " shall mean the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act of 1977, as amended, and the rules and regulations thereunder.
" Federal Funds Rate " shall mean, for any period, a fluctuating interest rate equal for each day during such period to the weighted average of the rates on overnight Federal Funds transactions, as published for such day (or, if such day is not a Business Day, for the next preceding Business Day) by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York, or, if such rate is not so published for any day which is a Business Day, the average rate charged to the Administrative Agent on such day on such transactions as determined by the Administrative Agent; provided, that the Federal Funds Effective Rate, if negative, shall be deemed to be 0.00%.
" Fee Letters " shall mean that certain engagement letter, dated as of March 27, 2017, among the Parent and the Joint Global Coordinators.
" Fees " shall mean all amounts payable pursuant to or referred to in Section 3.01 .
" Financial Officer " shall mean the chief executive officer, chief financial officer, chief accounting officer, executive vice president or treasurer of the Parent.
" Foreign Pension Plan " shall mean any plan, fund (including, without limitation, any superannuation fund) or other similar program established or maintained outside the United States of America by the Borrower or any one or more of its Subsidiaries primarily for the benefit of employees of the Borrowers or such Subsidiaries residing outside the United States of America, which plan, fund or other similar program provides, or results in, retirement income, a deferral of income in contemplation of retirement or payments to be made on termination of employment, and which plan is not subject to ERISA or the Code.
" GAAP " shall mean generally accepted accounting principles set forth in the opinions and pronouncements of the Accounting Principles Board of the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants and statements and pronouncements of the Financial Accounting Standards Board or in such other statements by such other entity as have been approved by a significant segment of the accounting profession in the United States, which were in effect on the Closing Date in the United States.
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" Governmental Authority " shall mean the government of the United States of America or any other nation, or of any political subdivision thereof, whether state or local, and any agency, authority, instrumentality, regulatory body, court, central bank or other entity exercising executive, legislative, judicial, taxing, regulatory or administrative powers or functions of or pertaining to government (including any supra-national bodies such as the European Union or the European Central Bank).
" Grantor " shall mean the Borrower and the Borrower Subsidiary Guarantors.
" guarantee " shall mean a guarantee other than by endorsement of negotiable instrument for collection in the ordinary course of business, direct or indirect, in any manner, including, without limitation, by way of a pledge of assets or through letters of credit or reimbursement obligations in respect thereof, of all or any part of any Indebtedness.
" Guarantee Agreement " shall mean that certain Guarantee Agreement dated as of the Closing Date among the Borrowers, the Guarantors party thereto and the Administrative Agent, substantially in the form of Exhibit B hereto, as amended or supplemented from time to time in accordance with its terms.
" Guarantors " shall mean (a) the Parent, Dynagas Operating, Dynagas Equity, Dynagas Operating GP and each other Subsidiary of the Parent that directly or indirectly holds any Capital Stock in the Borrowers and (b) each Subsidiary of the Borrower, in each case, together with their respective successors and assigns, until the Loan Guarantee of such Person has been released in accordance with the provisions of this Agreement and the other Loan Documents.
" Hazardous Materials " shall mean (a) any petroleum or petroleum products, radioactive materials, asbestos in any form, ureaformaldehyde foam insulation, transformers or other equipment that contain dielectric fluid containing levels of polychlorinated biphenyls, and radon gas, (b) any chemicals, materials or substances regulated as "hazardous substances," "hazardous waste," "hazardous materials," "extremely hazardous substances," "restricted hazardous waste," "toxic substances," "toxic pollutants," "contaminants," or "pollutants," or words of similar import, under any Environmental Law, and (c) any other chemical, material or substance which is regulated under Environmental Laws.
" Hedging Obligations " shall mean, with respect to any specified Person, the obligations of such Person under:
(1)            interest rate swap agreements (whether from fixed to floating or from floating to fixed), interest rate cap agreements and interest rate collar agreements or similar agreements or arrangements for the purpose of hedging interest rate risk exposure; and
(2)            other agreements or arrangements designed to manage interest rates or interest rate risk;
Notwithstanding the foregoing, in the case of any Excluded Swap Guarantor, "Hedging Obligations" shall not include any Excluded Swap Obligations of such Excluded Swap Guarantor.
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" Incremental Assumption Agreement " shall mean an Incremental Assumption Agreement, in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Administrative Agent, among the Borrowers, the Administrative Agent and one or more Incremental Lenders establishing a Class of Other Term Loans hereunder.
" Incremental Commitment " shall mean the commitment of any Lender, established pursuant to Section 2.12 , to make Other Term Loans to the Borrowers.
" Incremental Commitment Amount " shall mean, after giving pro forma effect to the occurrence of Other Term Loans in respect of the Incremental Commitment and the application of the proceeds thereof to purchase an Additional Collateral Vessel, an amount not to exceed the lesser of (A) an amount such that the pro forma Loan To Value Ratio does not exceed 55% and (B) $115,000,000 per Additional Collateral Vessel.
" Incremental Lender " shall mean a Lender with an Incremental Commitment or an outstanding Other Term Loan.
" Incremental Maturity Date " shall mean the final maturity date of any Other Term Loan, as set forth in the applicable Incremental Assumption Agreement, which date shall be on or after the Term Maturity Date.
" Incremental Repayment Amount " shall have the meaning provided in Section 4.05(b) .
" Incremental Repayment Dates " shall mean the dates scheduled for the repayment of principal of any Other Term Loan, as set forth in the applicable Incremental Assumption Agreement.
" Incur " shall have the meaning provided in Section 7.16(a) .
" Indebtedness " shall mean, with respect to any specified Person and without duplication, any indebtedness of such Person (excluding accrued expenses and trade payables), whether recourse is to all or a portion of the assets of such Person and whether or not contingent:
(1)            in respect of borrowed money;
(2)            evidenced by bonds, notes, debentures or similar instruments or letters of credit (or reimbursement agreements in respect thereof);
(3)            in respect of all reimbursement obligations of such Person in respect of letters of credit, bankers' acceptances or similar instruments;
(4)            representing Capital Lease Obligations of such Person;
(5)            representing the balance deferred and unpaid of the purchase price of any property or services due more than six months after such property is acquired or such services are completed;
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(6)            representing Hedging Obligations of such Person and other agreements or arrangements designed to protect such Person against fluctuations in currency exchange rates or commodity prices (including prices of bunkers or lubricants) or freight rates;
(7)            all Indebtedness of others secured by a Lien on any asset of such Person, whether or not such Indebtedness is assumed by such Person;
(8)            all Indebtedness of others guaranteed by such Person to the extent of such guarantee; or
(9)            representing Attributable Indebtedness,
if and to the extent any of the preceding items (other than letters of credit and Hedging Obligations) would appear as a liability upon a balance sheet of the specified Person prepared in accordance with GAAP.  In addition, the term "Indebtedness" includes all Indebtedness of others secured by a Lien on any asset of the specified Person (whether or not such Indebtedness is assumed by the specified Person) and, to the extent not otherwise included, the guarantee by the specified Person of any Indebtedness of any other Person.
" Indemnified Party " shall have the meaning provided in Section 10.01 .
" Indemnified Taxes " shall mean (a) Taxes, other than Excluded Taxes, imposed on or with respect to any payment made by or on account of any obligation of any Loan Party under any Loan Document and (b) to the extent not otherwise described in (a), Other Taxes.
" Insolvency or Liquidation Proceeding " shall mean: (a) any voluntary or involuntary case or proceeding under any bankruptcy law with respect to the Borrower, Finco or any Guarantor, (b) any other voluntary or involuntary insolvency, reorganization or bankruptcy case or proceeding, or any receivership, liquidation, reorganization or other similar case or proceeding with respect to the Borrower, Finco or any Guarantor or with respect to any of its assets, (c) any liquidation, dissolution, reorganization or winding up of the Borrower, Finco or any Guarantor whether voluntary or involuntary and whether or not involving insolvency or bankruptcy (other than any liquidation, dissolution, reorganization or winding up of any Subsidiary of the Borrower permitted by the Pari Passu Documents), (d) any assignment for the benefit of creditors or any other marshalling of assets and liabilities of the Borrower, Finco or any Guarantor or (e) any other proceeding of any type or nature in which substantially all claims of creditors of the Borrower, Finco or any Guarantor are determined and any payment or distribution is or may be made on account of such claims.
" Insurance Assignment " shall mean, collectively, the first-priority assignments of insurance in favor of the Collateral Agent given by the Borrower and the applicable Guarantor in respect of all insurance covering the Collateral Vessels or their respective operations, substantially in the form of Exhibit D hereto as the same may be amended, supplemented or modified from time to time.
" Intercreditor Agreement " shall mean (i) any intercreditor agreement to be entered into among the Collateral Agent, the Administrative Agent, the holders (or their agent or other representative) of the Other Pari Passu Obligations, the Parent, the Borrowers, each other
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Guarantor and the other parties from time to time party thereto, in form and substance reasonably acceptable to the Administrative Agent (as directed by the Required Lenders), as it may be amended, amended and restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time in accordance with its terms and this Agreement and (ii) any replacement thereof that contains terms not materially less favorable to the Lenders than the Intercreditor Agreement referred to in clause (i) of this definition.
" Interpolated Rate " shall mean, at any time, the rate per annum determined by the Administrative Agent (which determination shall be conclusive and binding absent manifest error) to be equal to the rate that results from interpolating on a linear basis between: (a) the rate as displayed on pages LIBOR01 or LIBOR02 of the Reuters screen that displays such rate (or, in the event such rate does not appear on a Reuters page or screen, on any successor or substitute page on such screen that displays such rate, or on the appropriate page of such other information service that publishes such rate from time to time as selected by the Administrative Agent in its reasonable discretion; in each case the "Screen Rate") for the longest period (for which that Screen Rate is available in Dollars) that is shorter than the Interest Period and (b) the Screen Rate for the shortest period (for which that Screen Rate is available for Dollars) that exceeds the Interest Period, in each case, as of approximately 11:00 a.m., London time, two Business Days prior to the commencement of such Interest Period; provided that if the Interpolated Rate shall be less than zero, such rate shall be deemed to be zero for purposes of this Agreement.
" Interest Determination Date " shall mean, with respect to any Eurodollar Rate Loan, the second Business Day prior to the commencement of any Interest Period relating to such Loan.
" Interest Period " shall mean, for each Eurodollar Rate Loan comprising part of the same Borrowing, the period commencing on the date of such Eurodollar Rate Loan or the date of the Conversion of any Base Rate Loan into such Eurodollar Rate Loan, and ending on the last day of the period selected by the Borrowers pursuant to the provisions below and, thereafter, each subsequent period commencing on the last day of the immediately preceding Interest Period and ending on the last day of the period selected by the Borrowers pursuant to the provisions below.  The duration of each such Interest Period shall be one-, two-, three- or six-months (or such other period that is twelve months or less, if requested by the Borrowers and consented to by the Administrative Agent and all the Lenders), as the Borrowers may, upon notice received by the Administrative Agent not later than 11:00 a.m. (New York City time) on (x) the third Business Day prior to the first day of such Interest Period in the case of Interest Periods of one, two, three or six months or (y) on the fourth Business Day prior to the first day of such Interest Period in the case of any other period (that is twelve months or less) that is consented to by the Administrative Agent and all the Lenders, select; provided , however , that:
(a)            if the Borrowers fail to select an Interest Period, then that Interest Period will be three months;
(b)            all Eurodollar Rate Loans comprising a Borrowing shall at all times have the same Interest Period;
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(c)            if any Interest Period for a Eurodollar Rate Loan begins on a day for which there is no numerically corresponding day in the calendar month at the end of such Interest Period, such Interest Period shall end on the last Business Day of such calendar month;
(d)            if any Interest Period would otherwise expire on a day which is not a Business Day, such Interest Period shall expire on the first succeeding Business Day; provided , however , that if any Interest Period for a Loan would otherwise expire on a day which is not a Business Day but is a day of the month after which no further Business Day occurs in such month, such Interest Period shall expire on the immediately preceding Business Day;
(e)            no Interest Period in respect of any Borrowing of Loans shall be selected which extends beyond the Maturity Date of such Term Loan facility;
(f)            the Borrower may request that the initial Borrowing of Loans on the Closing Date have an Interest Period ending on the last Business Day of June, 2017, whether such Loans are borrowed initially as Base Rate Loans and then converted to Eurodollar Rate Loans or borrowed initially as Eurodollar Rate Loans;
(g)            the Borrower shall select Interest Periods so as not to require a scheduled principal payment of any Eurodollar Rate Loan during an Interest Period for such Loan; and
(h)            the selection of Interest Periods shall be subject to the provisions of Section 2.06 .
" Investments " shall mean, with respect to any Person, all direct or indirect investments by such Person in other Persons (including Affiliates) in the forms of loans (including guarantees or other obligations), advances or capital contributions (excluding commission, travel and similar advances to officers and employees made in the ordinary course of business), purchases or other acquisitions for consideration of Indebtedness, Equity Interests or other securities, together with all items that are or would be classified as investments on a balance sheet prepared in accordance with GAAP.  If the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries sells or otherwise disposes of any Equity Interests of any Subsidiary such that, after giving effect to any such sale or disposition, such Person is no longer a Subsidiary, the Borrower or such Subsidiary that sells such Equity Interests will be deemed to have made an Investment on the date of any such sale or disposition equal to the Fair Market Value of the Investments of the Borrower or such Subsidiary that sells such Equity Interests in such Subsidiary that were not sold or disposed of in an amount determined as provided in Section 7.15(c) .  The acquisition by the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries of a Person that holds an Investment in a third Person will be deemed to be an Investment by the Borrower or such Subsidiary in such third Person that is not a Subsidiary of such Person in an amount equal to the Fair Market Value of the Investments held by the acquired Person in such third Person in an amount determined as provided in Section 7.15(c) .  Except as otherwise provided in this Agreement, the amount of an Investment will be determined at the time the Investment is made and without giving effect to subsequent changes in value.
" IRS " shall mean the United States Internal Revenue Service.
" Joint Bookrunners " shall mean Credit Suisse Securities (USA) LLC and Barclays Bank PLC and their respective successors.
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" Joint Global Coordinators " shall mean Credit Suisse Securities (USA) LLC and Barclays Bank PLC and their respective successors.
" Leaseholds " of any Person shall mean all the right, title and interest of such Person as lessee or licensee in, to and under leases or licenses of land, improvements and/or fixtures.
" Lena River Subsidiary " shall mean Solana Holding Ltd., a Marshall Islands corporation.
" Lena River Yamal Charter " shall mean that certain Time Charter Party, dated as of January 14, 2016, by and between the Lena River Subsidiary and Yamal Trade PTE. LTD. with respect to Vessel D.
" Lender " shall mean each financial institution listed on Annex I , as well as any Person which becomes a "Lender" hereunder pursuant to Section 2.11 or 10.04(b) or pursuant to an Incremental Assumption Agreement.
" Lender Creditors " shall mean the Lenders holding from time to time outstanding Loans and/or Commitments or Incremental Commitments, the Agents and the Collateral Agent, each in their respective capacities.
" Lien " shall mean with respect to any asset or property, (a) any mortgage, deed of trust, hypothecation, lien, pledge, charge, security interest or encumbrance of any kind in respect of such asset or property, whether or not filed, recorded or otherwise perfected under applicable law, including any conditional sale or other title retention agreement, any lease in the nature thereof, any option or other agreement to sell or give a security interest in such asset or property and any filing of or agreement to give any financing statement under the UCC (or equivalent statutes) of any jurisdiction and (b) in the case of securities, any purchase option, call or similar right of a third party with respect to such securities.
" Loan Document Obligations " shall mean all advances to, and debts, liabilities, obligations, covenants, duties and indebtedness (including, without limitation, all principal, premium, interest, penalties, fees, charges, expenses, indemnifications, reimbursement obligations, damages, guarantees and other liabilities or amounts payable or arising thereunder (including, without limitation, all interest that accrues after the commencement of any case, proceeding or other action relating to the bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization or similar proceeding of any Loan Party at the rate provided for in the respective documentation, whether or not a claim for post-petition interest is allowed in any such proceeding)) of each Loan Party to the Lender Creditors, whether direct or indirect, absolute or contingent, due or to become due, now existing or hereafter incurred under, arising out of, or in connection with this Agreement and the other Loan Documents to which such Loan Party is a party and the due performance and compliance by such Loan Party with all of the terms, conditions and agreements contained in this Agreement and in such other Loan Documents.
" Loan Documents " shall mean this Agreement, each Extension Amendment, the Intercreditor Agreement, each Note, each Fee Letter, each Collateral Agreement, the Guarantee Agreement, and, after the execution and delivery thereof, each additional guarantee agreement or additional security document executed pursuant to Section 7.07 and any amendments and waivers to any of the foregoing.
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" Loan Guarantees " shall mean, collectively, the guarantees of the Loan Document Obligations, the Secured Cash Management Obligations and the Secured Hedging Obligations made by each Guarantor of the Loan Document Obligations pursuant to the Guarantee Agreement.
" Loan Parties " shall mean, collectively, the Borrowers and each Guarantor.
" Loan To Value Ratio " shall mean, at any time, the ratio of (a) the sum of (i) the aggregate principal amount of the Term Loans, Other Term Loans and Permitted Refinancing Indebtedness and any other Indebtedness secured by a Lien on any Collateral on a pari passu basis with the Term Loans (but excluding any Hedging Obligations) outstanding at such time and (ii) the aggregate principal amount of additional Indebtedness to be incurred at such time (if any) to (b) the sum of (i) the aggregate Fair Market Value of all Collateral Vessels at such time and (ii) the aggregate Fair Market Value of the Additional Collateral Vessel(s) to be purchased by (or contributed to) one or more Borrower Subsidiary Guarantors (if any).
" Loans " shall mean the Term Loans and, unless the context shall otherwise require, any Other Term Loans.
" LTV Cash Account " shall have the meaning provided in Section 7.19(b) .
" LTV Covenant " shall have the meaning provided in Section 7.19(b) .
" LTV Cure " shall have the meaning provided in Section 7.19(b) .
" LTV Cure Expiration Date " shall have the meaning provided in Section 7.19(b) .
" LTV Cure Notice " shall have the meaning provided in Section 7.19(c) .
" Manager " shall mean Dynagas Ltd., a corporation organized and existing under the laws of Liberia or any other company which may from time to time act as the commercial, technical and operational agent of any Collateral Vessel.
" Manager's Undertaking " shall mean, in respect of each Collateral Vessel, a letter of undertaking executed by the Manager in favor of the Security Trustee in the terms required by the Security Trustee agreeing certain matters in relation to the Manager serving as the agent of such Collateral Vessel and subordinating its rights against such Collateral and the Borrower Subsidiary Guarantor which is the owner thereof to the rights of the Secured Parties under the Loan Documents, in such form as the Administrative Agent, may approve or require.
" Margin Regulations " shall mean Regulations U, T and X of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System.
" Margin Stock " shall have the meaning provided in Regulation U.
" Market Disruption Event " shall occur if before close of business in New York on the Interest Determination Date for the relevant Interest Period, the Administrative Agent receives notifications from Lenders holding outstanding Loans at such time (but excluding any Loans
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purchased by the Borrowers pursuant to Section 2.13) equal to at least 66 2/3% of the outstanding amount of all Loans at such time that (a) the cost to such Lenders of obtaining matching deposits in the London interbank Eurodollar market for the relevant Interest Period would be in excess of the Eurodollar Rate for such Interest Period or (b) such Lenders are unable to obtain funding in the London interbank Eurodollar market.
" Material Adverse Effect " shall mean (a) a material adverse effect on the operations, business, properties, or financial condition of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, (b) a material impairment of the rights and remedies of the Collateral Agent, the Administrative Agent or any Lender under any Loan Document, or of the ability of the Loan Parties (taken as a whole) to perform their obligations under any Loan Document to which any such Loan Party is a party or (c) a material adverse effect upon the legality, validity, binding effect or enforceability against any Loan Party of any Loan Document to which it is a party.
" Material Contract " means (a) any Collateral Vessel Contract, (b) any Qualified Charter Contracts (to the extent it is not a Collateral Vessel Contract), (c) each other material lease, sublease, vessel employment contract, charter, newbuilding contract or option to acquire additional vessels entered into by the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries related to a Collateral Vessel or an Additional Collateral Vessel, with respect to which, in the case of this clause (c) only, a breach, nonperformance, cancelation, expiration or failure to renew could reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect and (d) any Replacement Project Contract entered into in replacement of any of the foregoing.
" Maturity Date " shall mean the Term Maturity Date or any maturity date related to any Extension Series of Extended Loans, as applicable.
" MD&A " shall have the meaning provided in Section 7.05(a)(i) .
" Moody's " shall mean Moody's Investors Service, Inc., or any successor to the rating agency business thereof.
" Mortgage " shall mean each Ship Mortgage, each other mortgage, deed of trust, deed to secure debt and any other document or instrument under which any Lien on property owned or leased by the Borrower or any Borrower Subsidiary Guarantor is granted to secure the Secured Obligations (including Other Term Loans) or under which rights or remedies with respect to any such Liens are governed, as the same may be amended, supplemented or modified from time to time.
" Multiemployer Plan " shall mean any "multiemployer plan" as defined in Section 3(37) or Section 4001(a)(3) of ERISA or any Foreign Pension Plan subject to substantially similar provisions of non-U.S. law.
" Net Cash Proceeds " shall mean (a) in connection with any Asset Sale, the aggregate cash proceeds and Cash Equivalents received by the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries in respect of such Asset Sale (including, without limitation, any cash or Cash Equivalents received upon the sale or other disposition of any non-cash consideration received in any Asset Sale), net of (1) the direct reasonable costs relating to such Asset Sale, including, without limitation, legal, accounting and investment banking fees, sales commissions, relocation expenses Incurred as a
27


result of such Asset Sale, and taxes paid or payable as a result of such Asset Sale after taking into account any available tax credits or deductions and any tax-sharing arrangements, and (2) any reserve for adjustment in respect of the sale price of such asset or assets established in accordance with GAAP, (b) in connection with an Event of Loss, all compensation, damages and other payments (including insurance proceeds), net of any reasonable fees and expenses required to be paid in connection with the applicable Event of Loss and taxes paid or payable as a result of such Event of Loss after taking into account any available tax credits or deductions and any tax-sharing arrangements, received by the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries, or the Collateral Agent, from any Person, including any governmental authority, in connection with such Event of Loss and (c) in connection with the Incurrence of any Indebtedness, the aggregate cash payments received by the Borrower and its Subsidiaries less customary fees and reasonable expenses (including investment banking fees, costs, underwriting discounts and commissions) incurred by the Borrower and its Subsidiaries in connection therewith.
" Non-Debt Fund Affiliate " shall mean an Affiliated Lender that is not a Debt Fund Affiliate.
" Note " shall have the meaning provided in Section 2.04 .
" Notice of Borrowing " shall have the meaning provided in Section 2.02(a) .
" Notice Office " shall mean the office of the Administrative Agent located at 11 Madison Avenue, 9 th Floor, New York, NY 10010, Attn: Agency Manager, or such other office as the Administrative Agent may hereafter designate in writing as such to the other parties hereto.
" Ob River Subsidiary " shall mean Lance Shipping S.A., a Marshall Islands corporation.
" Officer's Certificate " shall mean a certificate signed on behalf of any Person by the Chief Executive Officer, the Chief Financial Officer, another executive officer or another Person serving in a similar function of such Person.
" OPA " shall mean the Oil Pollution Act of 1990, as amended, 33 U.S.C. § 2701 et seq .
" Operating Cash Flow Available for Debt Service " shall mean, for any period, without duplication, (a) all Revenues during such period minus (b) all Operating Costs incurred during such period plus (c) drydock and shipyard stay expenses; provided that, for purposes of determining the Debt Service Coverage Ratio, Operating Cash Flow Available for Debt Service for the Fiscal Quarters ended September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2016 shall be deemed to be $35,504,000 and $33,919,000, respectively.
" Operating Costs " means, for any period, the sum , computed without duplication, of the following to the extent incurred by the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries during such period: (a) general and administrative expenses and ordinary course fees, royalties and costs, plus (b) all costs and expenses for operating the Vessels and maintaining the Vessels in good repair and operating condition in accordance with prudent industry practices incurred during such period, including to the counterparties to the Material Contracts as required pursuant to the Material Contracts, plus (c) insurance costs incurred in respect of insurance maintained or required to be maintained in respect of the Vessels during such period, plus (d) applicable sales and excise
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Taxes (if any) incurred or reimbursable by the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries during such period, plus (e) franchise Taxes incurred by the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries during such period, plus (f) property Taxes incurred by the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries during such period, plus (g) any other direct Taxes (if any) incurred by the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries during such period, plus (h) costs and fees attendant to obtaining and maintaining in effect applicable governmental permits, licenses, certifications, authorizations, exemptions, qualifications, rights of way, franchises and other rights, privileges and approvals incurred during such period, plus (i) legal, accounting and other professional fees attendant to any of the foregoing items incurred during such period, plus (j) any fees and expenses of the Secured Parties during such period not included in Debt Service, plus (k) all other cash expenses incurred by the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries in the ordinary course of business in connection with the operation of the Vessels.
" Other Agents " shall have the meaning provided in Section 9.11 .
" Other Connection Taxes " shall mean, with respect to any Recipient, Taxes imposed as a result of a present or former connection between such Recipient and the jurisdiction imposing such Tax (other than connections arising from such Recipient having executed, delivered, become a party to, performed its obligations under, received payments under, received or perfected a security interest under, engaged in any other transaction pursuant to or enforced any Loan Document, or sold or assigned an interest in any Loan or Loan Document).
" Other Pari Passu Obligations " shall mean Indebtedness of the Borrowers or the Borrower Subsidiary Guarantors that is equally and ratably secured with the other Pari Passu Obligations (subject to the Intercreditor Agreement) as permitted by the Pari Passu Documents and is designated by the Borrower as an "Other Pari Passu Obligation" pursuant to the Intercreditor Agreement; provided that the trustee, agent or representative of the holders or lenders of such Indebtedness shall have become a party to the Intercreditor Agreement (either directly or by joinder thereto) on behalf of such holders or lenders.
" Other Taxes " shall mean all present or future stamp, court or documentary, intangible, recording, filing or similar Taxes that arise from any payment made under, from the execution, delivery, performance, enforcement or registration of, from the receipt or perfection of a security interest under, or otherwise with respect to, any Loan Document, other than any such Taxes that are Other Connection Taxes imposed with respect to a Lender's assignment of all or a portion of its rights and obligations under this Agreement (other than an assignment made at the request of the Borrowers pursuant to Section 2.11) .
" Other Term Loans " shall have the meaning provided in Section 2.12(a) .
" Parent " shall mean Dynagas LNG Partners LP, a publicly traded Marshall Islands limited partnership.
" Pari Passu Documents " shall mean, collectively, the Loan Documents and any document or instrument evidencing or governing any Other Pari Passu Obligations.
" Pari Passu Obligations " shall mean (a) the Secured Obligations, (b) all Other Pari Passu Obligations and (c) all other obligations of the Borrowers and the Guarantors in respect of, or
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arising under, the applicable Pari Passu Documents, in respect of the obligations described in clauses (a) through (c) of this definition, (including, all principal, premium, interest, penalties, fees, charges, expenses, indemnifications, reimbursement obligations, damages, guarantees, and other liabilities or amounts payable or arising thereunder), whether direct or indirect (including those acquired by assumption), absolute or contingent, due or to become due, now existing or hereafter arising and including interest and fees that accrue after the commencement by or against the Borrowers or any Guarantor of an Insolvency or Liquidation Proceeding naming such Person as the debtor in such proceeding, regardless of whether such interest and fees are allowed claims in such Insolvency or Liquidation Proceeding.  The Pari Passu Obligations shall be subject to the terms of the Intercreditor Agreement.
" Participant " shall have the meaning provided in Section 10.04(c) .
" PATRIOT Act " shall mean the USA PATRIOT Act (Title III of Pub.L. 107-56 (signed into law October 26, 2001)), as amended.
" Payment Default " shall have the meaning provided in Section 8(a)(v)(A) .
" Payment Office " shall mean the office of the Administrative Agent located at 11 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10010, or such other office as the Administrative Agent may hereafter designate in writing as such to the other parties hereto.
" PBGC " shall mean the Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation established pursuant to Subtitle A of Title IV of ERISA (or any successor).
" Percentage " of any Lender in respect of any Class of Commitments or Loans at any time shall mean a fraction (expressed as a percentage) the numerator of which is the amount of such Commitment (or, after the termination thereof, the outstanding principal amount of such Loans) of such Lender and the denominator of which is the aggregate amount of the Commitments (or, after the termination thereof, the aggregate outstanding principal amount of all such Loans) of all of the Lenders at such time.
" Perfection Certificate " shall mean a certificate in the form of Exhibit F or any other form approved by the Collateral Agent.
" Permitted Business " shall mean the liquefied natural gas shipping business in which the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries were engaged on the Closing Date and any business reasonably related or complimentary thereto, including any business in the liquefied natural gas transport sector.
" Permitted Collateral Liens " shall mean Liens described in clauses (2), (3), (4), (5), (6), (7), (8), (9), (10) (but only in connection with the refinancing of Indebtedness secured by Liens Incurred or permitted to exist pursuant to clauses (2), (3) and (5) of the definition of "Permitted Liens"), (11), (12), (14), (15), (16), (17), (19), (21) and (22) of the definition of "Permitted Liens."
" Permitted Debt " shall have the meaning provided in Section 7.16(a) .
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" Permitted Equipment Lien " shall mean any Lien Incurred and permitted to exist pursuant to clause (17) of the definition of " Permitted Lien ".
" Permitted Holder " shall mean Mr. George Prokopiou and/or any spouse, or member of his immediate family and any of their respective Affiliates in which any of the foregoing own or control a majority in interest, or any Person that is controlled, directly or indirectly, by any such Permitted Holder.
" Permitted Investments " shall mean:
(1)            any Investment in the Borrower or in any of its Subsidiaries, including the Transactions on the Closing Date;
(2)            any Investment in Cash Equivalents;
(3)            any Investment by the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries in a Person, if as a result of such Investment:
(a)            such Person becomes a Borrower Subsidiary Guarantor and otherwise complies with the requirements of Section 7.07 ; or
(b)            such Person is merged, consolidated or amalgamated with or into, or transfers or conveys substantially all of its assets to, or is liquidated into, the Borrower or a Borrower Subsidiary Guarantor;
(4)            any Investment made as a result of the receipt of non-cash consideration from (a) an Asset Sale that was made pursuant to and in compliance with Section 7.22 or (b) a disposition of properties or assets that does not constitute an Asset Sale;
(5)            any acquisition of assets or Capital Stock made solely with cash equity contributions to the Borrower or its Subsidiaries for such purpose so long as such issuance does not result in an Event of Default and such acquisition complies with the Collateral and Guarantee Requirements and Section 7.07 to the extent applicable ;
(6)            any Investments received in compromise or resolution of obligations of trade creditors or customers that were Incurred in the ordinary course of business of the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries, including pursuant to any plan of reorganization or similar arrangement upon the bankruptcy or insolvency of any trade creditor or customer and any Investments obtained in exchange for any such Investments;
(7)            Investments represented by Hedging Obligations permitted by Section 7.16(a)(v) ;
(8)            any guarantee of Indebtedness or other obligations of the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries permitted to be incurred under this Agreement;
(9)            Investments that were in existence on the Closing Date, and any extension, modification or renewal thereof, but only to the extent not involving additional advances, contributions or other Investments of cash or other assets or other increases thereof (other than as
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a result of the accrual or accretion of interest or original issue discount or the issuance of pay-in-kind securities, in each case, pursuant to the terms of such Investment as in effect on the Closing Date) and described on Schedule 7.15(a)(iv) ;
(10)            Investments acquired after the Closing Date as a result of the acquisition by the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries of another Person, including by way of a merger, amalgamation or consolidation, to the extent that such Investments were not made in contemplation of such acquisition, merger, amalgamation or consolidation and were in existence on the date of such acquisition, merger, amalgamation or consolidation;
(11)            loans or advances referred to in Section 7.12(c)(vi) ;
(12)            Investments in any Person to the extent such Investments consist of prepaid expenses, negotiable instruments held for collection and lease, utility and workers' compensation, performance and other similar deposits made in the ordinary course of business by the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries;
(13)            Investments in Additional Collateral Vessels with the consent of a majority of the conflicts committee of the Board of Directors of the Parent and otherwise in accordance with the requirements of Section 7.12 , in each case, if applicable;
(14)            Investments made pursuant to Section 4.02(a)(ii) and Section 7.22(c) ;
(15)            Investments and capital expenditures related to the use, operation, trading, repairs and maintenance work on Collateral Vessels or improvements to Collateral Vessels, in each case, required by any charterer, classification society or any Governmental Authority, including, without limitation, the relevant flag state and the International Maritime Organization; and
(16)            other Investments in any Person having an aggregate Fair Market Value (measured on the date each such Investment was made and without giving effect to subsequent changes in value), when taken together with all other Investments made pursuant to this clause (16) that are at the time outstanding, not to exceed $20,000,000.
" Permitted Jurisdiction " shall mean: any of the Republic of the Marshall Islands, the United States of America, any State of the United States or the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of the Bahamas, the Republic of Liberia, the Republic of Panama, the Commonwealth of Bermuda, the British Virgin Islands, the Cayman Islands, the Isle of Man, Cyprus, Norway, Greece, Monaco, the Federation of Saint Kitts and Nevis, Hong Kong, the United Kingdom, Malta, any Member State of the European Union and any other jurisdiction generally acceptable to institutional lenders in the shipping industry, as determined in good faith by the Board of Directors of the Parent.
" Permitted Liens " shall mean:
(1)            Liens in favor of the Borrowers or the Guarantors;
(2)            Liens on property of a Person existing at the time such Person is merged with or into or amalgamated or consolidated with the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries (other than any
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Lien on any Additional Collateral Vessel securing Indebtedness for borrowed money that do not constitute Other Term Loans, which Liens shall not be a Permitted Lien hereunder); provided that such Liens were in existence prior to the contemplation of such merger, amalgamation or consolidation, were not Incurred in contemplation thereof and do not extend to any assets other than those of the Person merged into or amalgamated or consolidated with the Borrower or such Subsidiary;
(3)            Liens on property (including Capital Stock) existing at the time of acquisition of the property by the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries; provided that such Liens were in existence prior to, and not Incurred in contemplation of, such acquisition;
(4)            Liens to secure the performance of statutory obligations, surety or appeal bonds, performance bonds or other obligations of a like nature Incurred in the ordinary course of business;
(5)            Liens existing on the Closing Date, after giving effect to the use of proceeds of the Loans on the Closing Date (and the related release of the Liens securing the Indebtedness so repaid) and described on Schedule 7.13 ;
(6)            Liens for taxes, assessments or governmental charges or claims that are not yet delinquent or that are being contested in good faith by appropriate proceedings promptly instituted and diligently conducted; provided that any reserve or other appropriate provision as is required in conformity with GAAP has been made therefor;
(7)            Liens imposed by law, such as necessaries suppliers', carriers', warehousemen's, landlords' and mechanics' Liens, in each case, Incurred in the ordinary course of business, for amounts not more than thirty (30) days past due or which are being contested in good faith;
(8)            survey exceptions, easements or reservations of, or rights of others for, licenses, rights-of-way, sewers, electric lines, telegraph and telephone lines and other similar purposes, or zoning or other restrictions as to the use of real property that were not Incurred in connection with Indebtedness and that do not in the aggregate materially adversely affect the value of said properties or materially impair their use in the operation of the business of such Person;
(9)            Liens on the Collateral created for the benefit of (or to secure) the Loan Document Obligations pursuant to Section 7.16(a)(ii) ; provided that the holders of such Liens are subject to the Intercreditor Agreement;
(10)            Liens to secure any Indebtedness permitted to be Incurred under this Agreement to refinance any Indebtedness secured by Liens Incurred or permitted to exist pursuant to clauses (2), (3) and (5) or this clause (10) of this definition; provided , however , that:
(a)            the new Lien is limited to all or part of the same property and assets that secured the original Indebtedness (plus improvements and accessions to such property, or proceeds or distributions thereof) or any related after-acquired property that, pursuant to any after-acquired property clauses in written agreements pursuant to which the original Lien arose, is required to be pledged to secure the original Indebtedness (plus improvements and accessions to such property, or proceeds or distributions thereof); and
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(b)            the Indebtedness secured by the new Lien is not increased to any amount greater than the sum of (i) the outstanding principal amount, or, if greater, committed amount, of the original Indebtedness and (ii) an amount necessary to pay any fees and expenses, including premiums, related to such renewal, refunding, refinancing, replacement, defeasance or discharge;
(11)            Liens arising by reason of any judgment, attachment, decree or order of any court or other governmental authority not giving rise to an Event of Default that are being contested in good faith by appropriate proceedings promptly instituted and diligently conducted; provided that any reserve or other appropriate provision as is required in conformity with GAAP has been made thereof;
(12)            Liens securing cash management obligations and rights of setoff in favor of a bank, imposed by law and incurred in the ordinary course of business on deposit accounts maintained with such bank and cash and Cash Equivalents in such accounts;
(13)            Liens Incurred in the ordinary course of business on assets that do not constitute Collateral in respect of Indebtedness permitted to be Incurred pursuant to Section 7.16 not exceeding $20,000,000 at any time outstanding;
(14)            Liens created to secure the Secured Hedging Obligations;
(15)            Liens arising from precautionary UCC financing statements filings or other applicable similar filings regarding operating leases and vessel charters entered into by the Borrower or a Guarantor in the ordinary course of business;
(16)            Liens Incurred in the ordinary course of business of the Borrower or a Guarantor arising from Vessel operating, chartering, drydocking, maintenance, repair, refurbishment, replacement, collision or salvage, the furnishing of supplies and bunkers to Vessels and related assets, repairs and improvements to Vessels and related assets, masters', officers' or crews' wages, master's disbursements and maritime Liens or other similar liens arising in the ordinary course of business (including those arising by operation of law), in the case of each of the foregoing, which were not Incurred or created to secure the payment of Indebtedness and which in the aggregate do not materially adversely affect the value of the properties subject to such Lien or materially impair the use for the purposes of which such properties are held by the Borrower and the Guarantors;
(17)            Liens on Collateral constituting fixed or capital assets acquired by the Borrower or a Borrower Subsidiary Guarantor and securing Indebtedness Incurred in the ordinary course of business for the purpose of financing or refinancing such acquisition; provided that (a) each such Lien does not extend to or cover any other asset of the Borrower or a Guarantor other than such acquired assets and additions, improvements or other assets affixed or appurtenant thereto, (b) the Incurrence of such Indebtedness is permitted pursuant to Section 7.16 , (c) the Indebtedness secured by each such Lien does not exceed the cost of acquiring the applicable fixed or capital asset and (d) the aggregate Indebtedness at any time outstanding secured by all Liens Incurred pursuant to this clause (17) shall not exceed $20,000,000;
(18)            Liens arising under a contract over goods, documents of title to goods and related documents and insurances and their proceeds, in each case in respect of documentary credit
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transactions entered into with customers of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries in the ordinary course of business; provided that no such Liens shall extend to any assets or property constituting Collateral;
(19)            Liens arising under any retention of title, hire, purchase or conditional sale arrangement or arrangements having similar effect in respect of goods supplied in the ordinary course of business;
(20)            Liens representing the interest in title of a lessor;
(21)            Liens on cash, Cash Equivalents or other property arising in connection with the defeasance, discharge or redemption of Indebtedness (so long as such defeasance, discharge or redemption is permitted under Section 7.15) or Liens arising under this Agreement in favor of the Administrative Agent or the Collateral Agent, as the case may be, for its own benefit and similar Liens in favor of agents, trustees and representatives arising under instruments governing Indebtedness permitted to be incurred under this Agreement, provided that such Liens are solely for the benefit of the agents, trustees or representatives in their capacities as such and not for the benefit of the holders of such Indebtedness;
(22)            Liens arising by operation of law for not more than two months' prepaid hire under any Collateral Vessel Charter; and
(23)            Liens for loss, damage or expense which are fully covered by insurance or in respect of which a bond or other security has been posted by or on behalf of the owner of the applicable Collateral Vessel with the appropriate court or other tribunal to prevent the arrest or secure the release of such Collateral Vessel from arrest.
" Permitted Refinancing Indebtedness " shall mean any Indebtedness of the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries issued in exchange for, or the net proceeds of which are used to renew, refund, refinance, replace, defease or discharge, in whole or in part, other Indebtedness of the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries (other than intercompany Indebtedness) (the " Refinanced Indebtedness "); provided that:
(1)            the principal amount (or accreted value, if applicable) of such Permitted Refinancing Indebtedness does not exceed the principal amount (or accreted value, if applicable) of the Refinanced Indebtedness (plus all accrued interest on the Refinanced Indebtedness and the amount of all fees and expenses, including premiums, incurred in connection therewith);
(2)            such Permitted Refinancing Indebtedness has a final maturity date that is either (x) no earlier than the final maturity date of the Refinanced Indebtedness or (y) more than 90 days after the Term Maturity Date (as in effect on the date of determination), and has a Weighted Average Life to Maturity that is (i) equal to or greater than the Weighted Average Life to Maturity of the Refinanced Indebtedness or (ii) more than 90 days after the Term Maturity Date (as in effect on the date of determination);
(3)            if the Refinanced Indebtedness is (i) subordinated in right of payment to the Loan Document Obligations (or any guarantee in respect thereof), then such Permitted Refinancing Indebtedness is subordinated in right of payment to the Loan Document Obligations and such
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guarantee, (ii) pari passu in right of payment to the Loan Document Obligations (or any guarantee in respect thereof), then such Permitted Refinancing Indebtedness is subordinated or pari passu in right of payment to the Loan Document Obligations and such guarantee, in the case of each of (i) and (ii), on terms at least as favorable to the Lenders as those contained in the documentation governing the Refinanced Indebtedness or (iii) subject to the Intercreditor Agreement then the trustee, agent or other representative of the holders of lenders of such Permitted Refinancing Indebtedness has become a party to the Intercreditor Agreement (either directly or by joinder thereto) on behalf of such holders or lenders;
(4)            in the case of Indebtedness of the Borrower or any Borrower Subsidiary Guarantor, such Indebtedness is Incurred either by the Borrower or by the Borrower Subsidiary Guarantor or both the Borrower and the Borrower Subsidiary Guarantor who is the obligor on the Refinanced Indebtedness; and
(5)            such Permitted Refinancing Indebtedness shall not be secured by a Lien on any of the Collateral.
" Permitted Repairs " shall mean, with respect to any Vessel, repairs which, in the reasonable judgment of the Borrower, are necessary or required to be made to such Vessel.
" Person " shall mean any individual, corporation, partnership, joint venture, association, joint stock company, trust, unincorporated organization, limited liability company or government or other entity.
" Plan " shall mean any pension plan as defined in Section 3(2) of ERISA, excluding any pension plan that is not subject to Title IV of ERISA, which is maintained or contributed to by (or to which there is an obligation to contribute of) the Borrowers or a Subsidiary of the Borrowers or any ERISA Affiliate, and each such plan for the five-year period immediately following the latest date on which the Borrowers, or a Subsidiary of the Borrowers or any ERISA Affiliate maintained, contributed to or had an obligation to contribute to such plan.
" Platform " shall have the meaning provided in Section 10.03(d)(i) .
" Preferred Stock " as applied to the Capital Stock of any Person, shall mean the Capital Stock of such Person of any class or classes (however designated) that ranks prior, as to the payment of dividends or as to the distribution of assets upon any voluntary or involuntary liquidation, dissolution or winding up of such Person, to shares of Capital Stock of any other class of such Person.
" Prime Rate " shall mean the rate which the Administrative Agent publicly determines from time to time as its prime lending rate and notifies the Borrowers.  The Prime Rate shall change when and as such prime lending rate changes.  The Prime Rate is a reference rate and does not necessarily represent the lowest or best rate actually charged to any customer.
" Pro Forma Balance Sheet " shall have the meaning provided in Section 6.05(a) .
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" Projections " shall mean the quarterly projections for each fiscal quarter of 2017 and 2018 and the annual projections for the fiscal years 2019 through 2023 delivered to the Lenders and the Agents on or prior to the Closing Date.
" Qualified Additional Vessel " shall mean a liquefied natural gas carrier (a) that has an aggregate capacity at or above 149,000 cbm, (b) that is of an age no older than 7 years from the date built, (c) that has in place a Collateral Vessel Contract or Collateral Vessel Contracts for its full capacity with a remaining duration of at least 6 years (calculated as of the time of such acquisition or drop-down) and (d) in respect of which there is no Indebtedness for borrowed money outstanding other than any Other Term Loans that are incurred to finance the acquisition of such Vessel pursuant to Section 2.12 , in each case of clauses (a) through (d), as of the time of such vessel's acquisition or drop-down.
" Qualified Appraiser " shall mean any of Poten & Partners, Lorentzen & Stemoco, Fearnleys A.S., Clarkson plc, Simpson Spence & Young, EA Gibson Shipbrokers Ltd., Associated Shipbrokers Monaco or another first-class reputable independent shipbroker reasonably acceptable to the Administrative Agent.
" Qualified Charter Contract " shall mean with respect to any Additional Collateral Vessel acquired by, or committed to be delivered to, the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries, a Collateral Vessel Contract that:
(1)            is between the Borrower or one of its Subsidiaries, on the one hand, and a Person that is not an Affiliate of the Borrower;
(2)            provide for a fixed or minimum day rate or fixed rate for such Additional Collateral Vessel; and
(3)            for purposes of Section 2.12 and Section 7.16, provides that revenues from such Qualified Charter Contract are to be received by the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries within one year of (a) delivery of the related Additional Collateral Vessel and (b) the Incurrence of any Indebtedness pursuant to such clause.
" Qualified ECP Guarantor " means, in respect of any Swap Obligation, each Loan Party that has total assets exceeding $10,000,000 at the time the relevant guarantee or grant of the relevant security interest becomes effective with respect to such Swap Obligation or such other person as constitutes an "eligible contract participant" under the Commodity Exchange Act or any regulations promulgated thereunder and can cause another person to qualify as an "eligible contract participant" at such time by entering into a keepwell under Section 1a(18)(A)(v)(II) of the Commodity Exchange Act.
" Quarterly Payment Date " shall mean the last Business Day of each March, June, September and December occurring after the Closing Date, commencing on the last Business Day of September, 2017.
" Real Property " of any Person shall mean all the right, title and interest of such Person in and to land, improvements and fixtures, including Leaseholds.
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" Recipient " shall mean (a) the Administrative Agent and (b) any Lender, as applicable.
" Refinancings " shall mean the CS Refinancing and the ABN Amro Refinancing.
" Register " shall have the meaning provided in Section 10.15 .
" Regulation D " shall mean Regulation D of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System as from time to time in effect and any successor to all or a portion thereof establishing reserve requirements.
" Regulation T " shall mean Regulation T of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System as from time to time in effect and any successor to all or a portion thereof.
" Regulation U " shall mean Regulation U of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System as from time to time in effect and any successor to all or a portion thereof.
" Regulation X " shall mean Regulation X of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System as from time to time in effect and any successor to all or a portion thereof.
" Related Assets " shall mean, with respect to any Collateral Vessel and its owner, (i) any insurance policies and contracts from time to time in force with respect to such Collateral Vessel, (ii) the Capital Stock of any Subsidiary owning such Collateral Vessel and related assets, (iii) any requisition compensation payable in respect of any compulsory acquisition of such Collateral Vessel, (iv) any Earnings derived from the use or operation of such Collateral Vessel and/or any account to which such Earnings are deposited, (v) any charters, operating leases, Vessel purchase options and related agreements with respect to such Collateral Vessel entered into and any security or guarantee in respect of the charterer's or lessee's obligations under such charter, lease, Vessel purchase option or agreement, (vi) any cash collateral account established with respect to such Collateral Vessel pursuant to the financing arrangement with respect thereto, (vii) any building, conversion or repair contracts relating to such Collateral Vessel and any security or guarantee in respect of the builder's obligations under such contract, (viii) any Collateral Vessel Contract and (ix) any security interest in, or agreement or assignment relating to, any of the foregoing or any mortgage in respect of such Collateral Vessel and any asset reasonably related, ancillary or complementary thereto.
" Related Parties " shall mean, with respect to any Person, the directors, officers, employees, agents, trustees, managers, advisors, representatives and controlling persons of such Person.
" Release " shall mean any disposing, discharging, injecting, spilling, pumping, leaking, leaching, dumping, emitting, escaping, emptying, pouring, seeping, migrating, into, or upon the environment, including any land or water or air.
" Relevant Percentage " shall mean in relation to any Collateral Vessel that is sold or suffers an Event of Total Loss, a fraction (expressed as a percentage, rounded up to the nearest tenth of a percent) where (i) the numerator is the Fair Market Value of the relevant Collateral Vessel and (ii) the denominator is the sum of the Fair Market Value of the relevant Collateral Vessel and all other Collateral Vessels that have been mortgaged to the Collateral Agent, in each
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case, determined in accordance with the definition of "Fair Market Value" on the basis of the most recent valuations delivered to the Administrative Agent.
" Replaced Lender " shall have the meaning provided in Section 2.11 .
" Replacement Lender " shall have the meaning provided in Section 2.11 .
" Replacement Project Contract " shall mean any contract entered into in replacement of an existing Material Contract, as certified to the Administrative Agent by an Authorized Representative of the Borrower, (a) which has a term that terminates no earlier than the final maturity date of the Loans and which includes pricing and payment provisions that will enable the Borrower, together with other then-existing Collateral Vessel Contracts of the Borrower Group Parties, to comply with the DSCR Covenant for the remaining term of the Loans and (b) with a counterparty (or a guarantor of such counterparty's obligations) having substantially similar or better creditworthiness and experience as the counterparty to the Material Contract being replaced.
" Repricing Transaction " means (a) the incurrence of any Indebtedness for borrowed money by the Borrower or Borrowers, (i) having an effective interest rate margin or weighted average yield (to be determined by the Administrative Agent consistent with generally accepted financial practice, after giving effect to, among other factors, interest rate margins, upfront or similar fees, original issue discount or Eurodollar Rate or Base Rate floors shared with all lenders or holders thereof, but excluding the effect of any arrangement, structuring, syndication or other fees payable in connection therewith that are not shared with all lenders or holders thereof or any fluctuations in the Eurodollar Rate or the Base Rate) that is, or upon the satisfaction of certain conditions could be, less than the effective interest rate margin for, or weighted average yield (to be determined by the Administrative Agent on the same basis) of, the Loans and (ii) the proceeds of which are used to repay, in whole or in part, principal of outstanding Loans and (b) any amendment, waiver or other modification to this Agreement which would have the effect of reducing the effective interest rate margin for, or weighted average yield (to be determined by the Administrative Agent on the same basis) of, the Loans.  Any determination by the Administrative Agent with respect to whether a Repricing Transaction shall have occurred shall be conclusive and binding on all Lenders holding the Loans.
" Required Lenders " shall mean, at any time, Lenders the sum of whose outstanding Commitments (or, after the termination thereof, outstanding principal amount of Loans) at such time represent an amount greater than 50% of the aggregate outstanding Commitments (or, after the termination thereof, the aggregate outstanding principal amount of all Loans) of all Lenders at such time; provided that for the avoidance of doubt, if the Borrowers or any Affiliated Lender purchase any Loans pursuant to Section 2.13 and Section 10.04(d) , such purchased Loans shall be excluded for the purposes of making a determination of Required Lenders.
" Requirement of Law " shall mean, with respect to any Person, (a) the charter, articles or certificate of organization or incorporation and bylaws or other organizational or governing documents of such Person and (b) any law (including common law), statute, ordinance, treaty, rule, regulation, order, decree, writ, injunction, settlement agreement or determination of any
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arbitrator or court or other Governmental Authority, in each case applicable to or binding upon such Person or any of its property or to which such Person or any of its property is subject.
" Restricted Investment " shall mean any Investment other than a Permitted Investment.
" Restricted Payments " shall have the meaning provided in Section 7.15(iv) .
" Returns " shall have the meaning provided in Section 6.08 .
" Revenues " shall mean, for any period, all income and revenues earned by the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries from the ownership and operation of the Vessels (excluding non-cash amortization items recorded within such income or revenues), including (a) all Earnings (subject to the proviso below), (b) all interest earned on cash and Cash Equivalents held in the Earnings Accounts and (c) all other operating income, however earned, by the Borrower or its Subsidiaries during such period; provided that, notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein, Revenues shall not include (i) proceeds of the Loans or any other Indebtedness directly or indirectly incurred by the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries, (ii) proceeds from any Event of Loss or Asset Sale and (iii) proceeds of any equity contribution received by the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries.
" S&P " shall mean Standard & Poor's Rating Services or any successor to the rating agency business thereof.
" Sale and Lease-Back Transaction " shall mean any arrangement with any Person providing for the leasing by another Person or any of such other Person's Subsidiaries of any real or tangible personal property, which property has been or is to be sold or transferred by such other Person or such Subsidiary to such Person in contemplation of such leasing.
" SEC " shall mean the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission.
" Section 2.14 Additional Amendment " shall have the meaning provided in Section 2.14(c) .
" Secured Cash Management Obligations " shall mean the due and punctual payment of any and all obligations of the Borrower and each Subsidiary of the Borrower (whether absolute or contingent and however and whenever created, arising, evidenced or acquired (including all renewals, extensions and modifications thereof and substitutions therefor)) arising in respect of cash management services that (a) are in effect on the Closing Date with a counterparty that is an Agent or an Affiliate of an Agent as of the Closing Date, (b) are owed to an Agent or an Affiliate thereof, or to any Person that, at the time such obligations were incurred, was an Agent or an Affiliate thereof, (c) are owed on the Closing Date to a Person that is a Lender or an Affiliate of a Lender as of the Closing Date or (d) are owed to a Person that is a Lender or an Affiliate of a Lender at the time such obligations are incurred.
" Secured Counterparties " shall have the meaning provided in Section 9.12 .
" Secured Hedging Obligations " shall mean the due and punctual payment of any and all obligations of the Borrower and each Subsidiary of the Borrower arising under each hedging
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agreement that (a) is in effect on the Closing Date with a counterparty that is an Agent or an Affiliate of an Agent as of the Closing Date, (b) is with a counterparty that is an Agent or an Affiliate thereof, or any Person that, at the time such hedging agreement was entered into, was an Agent or an Affiliate thereof, (c) is in effect on the Closing Date with a counterparty that is a Lender or an Affiliate of a Lender as of the Closing Date or (d) is entered into after the Closing Date with a counterparty that is a Lender or an Affiliate at the time such hedging agreement is entered into.  Notwithstanding the foregoing, in the case of any Excluded Swap Guarantor, "Secured Hedging Obligations" shall not include Excluded Swap Obligations of such Excluded Swap Guarantor.
" Secured Obligations " shall mean (a) the Loan Document Obligations, (b) any and all sums advanced by the Collateral Agent or the Administrative Agent in order to preserve the Collateral or preserve its security interest in the Collateral, (c) the Secured Hedging Obligations, (d) the Secured Cash Management Obligations and (e) in the event of any proceeding for the collection or enforcement of any indebtedness, obligations or liabilities of the Loan Parties referred to in clause (a) above, after an Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing, the reasonable expenses of retaking, holding, preparing for sale or lease, selling or otherwise disposing of or realizing on the Collateral, or of any exercise by the Collateral Agent of its rights hereunder or under any Collateral Agreement, together with reasonable attorneys' fees and court costs (in each case other than Excluded Swap Obligations).
" Secured Parties " shall mean the Lender Creditors and the Secured Counterparties, as applicable.
" Securities Act " shall mean the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and the rules and regulations of the SEC thereunder.
" Security Trustee " shall have the meaning provided in Section 9.12 .
" Semi-Annual Date " shall mean the last Business Day of June and December of each year, the first of which shall be June 30, 2017.
" Ship Mortgage " shall mean, collectively, the first preferred ship mortgages over the Collateral Vessels, each duly registered in the ship registry of the Marshall Islands, Malta or such other jurisdiction where an Additional Collateral Vessel or Substitute Vessel is flagged, as applicable, in favor of the Collateral Agent, substantially in the form of Exhibit K hereto, as the same may be amended, supplemented or modified from time to time.
" Sold Collateral Vessel " shall have the meaning provided in Section 7.22(a)(ii).
" Specified Existing Loan Class " shall have the meaning provided in Section 2.14(a) .
" Stated Maturity " shall mean, with respect to any installment of interest or principal on any item or series of Indebtedness, the date on which the payment of interest or principal was scheduled to be paid in the documentation governing such Indebtedness as of the Closing Date or, if such item or series is Incurred after the Closing Date, the date such item or series is Incurred.
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" Subordinated Debt " shall mean Indebtedness of the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries that is expressly subordinated in right of payment to the Loan Document Obligations (or any guarantee in respect thereof) or secured on a junior basis to the Loan Document Obligations.
" Subsidiary " shall mean, with respect to any specified Person:
(1)            any corporation, limited liability company, association or other business entity (other than a partnership) of which more than 50% of the total voting power of shares of Capital Stock entitled (without regard to the occurrence of any contingency and after giving effect to any voting agreement or stockholders' agreement that effectively transfers voting power) to vote in the election of directors, managers or trustees of the corporation, limited liability company, association or other business entity is at the time owned or controlled, directly or indirectly, by that Person or one or more of the other Subsidiaries of that Person (or a combination thereof); and
(2)            any partnership of which (a) more than 50% of the capital accounts, distribution rights, total equity and voting interests or general and limited partnership interests, as applicable, are owned or controlled, directly or indirectly, by such Person or one or more of the other Subsidiaries of that Person (or a combination thereof), whether in the form of general, special or limited partnership interests or otherwise, or (b) such Person or any Subsidiary of such Person is a controlling general partner or otherwise controls such entity.
Unless otherwise specified, all references herein to a "Subsidiary" or to "Subsidiaries" shall refer to a Subsidiary or Subsidiaries of the Borrower.
" Substitute Vessel " shall mean a Vessel that is used or useful in the Permitted Business and that (a) is of substantially comparable (or better) quality and value as (or than) the quality and value of, (b) has a charterparty or other use contract with a termination date at least as late as, and (c) has a day rate at least as high as, in each case, the Collateral Vessel Contract relating to the Vessel sold or substituted as a result of the applicable Event of Loss or Asset Sale.
" Successor Borrower " shall have the meaning set forth in Section 7.14(a)(i) .
" Swap Obligations " shall mean, with respect to the Borrower or any Guarantor, an obligation to pay or perform under any agreement, contract or transaction that constitutes a "swap" within the meaning of § 1a(47) of the Commodity Exchange Act.
" Taxes " shall mean all present or future taxes, levies, imposts, duties, deductions, withholdings (including backup withholding), assessments, fees or other charges imposed by any Governmental Authority, including any interest, additions to tax or penalties applicable thereto.
" Term Loan " shall mean a Loan made pursuant to clause (a) of Section 2.01 .
" Term Loan Commitment " shall mean, with respect to each Lender, the commitment, if any, of such Lender to make a Term Loan hereunder on the Closing Date, expressed as an amount representing the maximum principal amount of the Term Loan to be made by such Lender hereunder.  The amount of each Lender's Term Loan Commitment is set forth on Annex I directly below the column entitled "Term Loan Commitment".
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" Term Loan Repayment Amount " shall have the meaning provided in Section 4.05(a).
" Term Maturity Date " shall mean May 18, 2023, as the same may be extended pursuant to Section 2.14.
" Trade Date " shall have the meaning provided in Section 10.04(f) .
" Transactions " shall mean, collectively, (a) Dynagas Equity contributing (or causing the contribution) to the Borrower of all the outstanding Equity Interests of (i) the Arctic River Subsidiary, which directly owns all interests in Vessel A, (ii) the Amur River Subsidiary, which directly owns all interests in Vessel B, (iii) the Clean Energy Subsidiary, which directly owns all interests in Vessel C, (iv) the Lena River Subsidiary, which directly owns all interests in Vessel D, (v) the Ob River Subsidiary, which directly owns all interests in Vessel E and (vi) the Yenisei River Subsidiary, which directly owns all interests in Vessel F, (b) the consummation of the Refinancings, (c) the entering into of the Loan Documents and (d) the payment of fees and expenses in connection with the foregoing.
" Type " shall mean a Base Rate Loan or a Eurodollar Rate Loan.
" U.S. Person " shall mean a "United States person" within the meaning of Section 7701(a)(30) of the Code.
" UCC " shall mean the Uniform Commercial Code as from time to time in effect in the relevant jurisdiction.
" United States " and " U.S. " shall each mean the United States of America.
" Vessel " shall mean one or more shipping vessels, whose primary purpose is the maritime transportation of liquefied natural gas, or which are otherwise engaged, used or useful in a Permitted Business, in each case together with all related spares, equipment and any additions or improvements; provided that for the purposes of any provision related to the acquisition or disposition of a Vessel, such acquisition or disposition may be conducted through the transfer of all of the Capital Stock of any special purpose entity that owns a Vessel as described above.
" Vessel A " shall mean Arctic Aurora , a 2013-built, 155,000 cbm liquid natural gas carrier, built at Hyundai Heavy Industries Co. Ltd. of South Korea and owned by the Arctic Aurora Subsidiary.
" Vessel B " shall mean Amur River , a 2008-built, 149,700 cbm liquid natural gas carrier, built at Hyundai Heavy Industries Co. Ltd. of South Korea and owned by the Amur River Subsidiary.
" Vessel C " shall mean Clean Energy , a 2007-built, 149,700 cbm liquid natural gas carrier, built at Hyundai Heavy Industries Co. Ltd. of South Korea and owned by the Clean Energy Subsidiary.
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" Vessel D " shall mean Lena River , a 2013-built, 155,000 cbm liquid natural gas carrier, built at Hyundai Heavy Industries Co. Ltd. of South Korea and owned by the Lena River Subsidiary.
" Vessel E " shall mean Ob River , a 2007-built, 149,700 cbm liquid natural gas carrier, built at Hyundai Heavy Industries Co. Ltd. of South Korea and owned by the Ob River Subsidiary.
" Vessel F " shall mean Yenisei River , a 2013-built, 155,000 cbm liquid natural gas carrier, built at Hyundai Heavy Industries Co. Ltd. of South Korea and owned by the Yenisei River Subsidiary.
" Voting Stock " of any specified Person as of any date shall mean the Capital Stock of such Person that is at the time entitled to vote in the election of the board of directors (or persons performing similar functions) of such Person; provided that with respect to a limited partnership or other entity which does not have directly a board of directors, Voting Stock means such Capital Stock of the general partner of such limited partnership or other business entity with the ultimate authority to manage the business and operations of such Person.
" Weighted Average Life to Maturity " shall mean, when applied to any Indebtedness at any date, the number of years obtained by dividing: (1) the sum of the products obtained by multiplying (a) the amount of each then remaining installment, sinking fund, serial maturity or other required payments of principal, including payment at final maturity, in respect of the Indebtedness, by (b) the number of years (calculated to the nearest one-twelfth) that will elapse between such date and the making of such payment; by (2) the then outstanding principal amount of such Indebtedness.
" Withdrawal Liability " shall mean any liability to a Multiemployer Plan as a result of a complete or partial withdrawal from such Multiemployer Plan, as such terms are defined in Part I of Subtitle E of Title IV of ERISA or any liability to a Foreign Pension Plan that is subject to any substantially similar provision of non-U.S. law.
" Write-Down and Conversion Powers " shall mean, with respect to any EEA Resolution Authority, the write-down and conversion powers of such EEA Resolution Authority from time to time under the Bail-In Legislation for the applicable EEA Member Country, which write-down and conversion powers are described in the EU Bail-In Legislation Schedule.
" Yenisei River Subsidiary " shall mean Navajo Marine Limited, a Marshall Islands corporation.
" Yenisei River Yamal Charter " shall mean that certain Time Charter Party, dated as of January 14, 2016, by and between the Yenisei River Subsidiary and Yamal Trade PTE. LTD. with respect to Vessel F.
1.02            Terms Generally; Accounting Terms; GAAP .
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(a)            Unless otherwise specified therein, all terms defined in this Agreement shall have the defined meanings when used in the other Loan Documents or any certificate or other document made or delivered pursuant hereto or thereto.
(b)            Except as otherwise expressly provided herein, all terms of an accounting or financial nature shall be construed in accordance with GAAP.  Notwithstanding any other provision contained herein, all terms of an accounting or financial nature used herein shall be construed, and all computations of amounts and ratios referred to herein shall be made (i) without giving effect to any election under Accounting Standards Codification 825-10-25 (or any other Accounting Standards Codification or Financial Accounting Standard having a similar result or effect) to value any Indebtedness or other liabilities of the Borrower, the Parent or any of their respective Subsidiaries at "fair value", as defined therein and (ii) without giving effect to any treatment of Indebtedness in respect of convertible debt instruments under Accounting Standards Codification 470-20 (or any other Accounting Standards Codification or Financial Accounting Standard having a similar result or effect) to value any such Indebtedness in a reduced or bifurcated manner as described therein, and such Indebtedness shall at all times be valued at the full stated principal amount thereof.
(c)            The words "include," "includes" and "including" as used herein shall be deemed to be followed by the phrase, "without limitation."
(d)            The words "hereof", "herein" and "hereunder" and words of similar import, when used in this Agreement, shall refer to this Agreement as a whole and not to any particular provision of this Agreement, and Section, Schedule and Exhibit references are to this Agreement unless otherwise specified.
(e)            The meanings given to terms defined herein shall be equally applicable to both the singular and plural forms of such terms.
(f)            Unless otherwise expressly provided herein, (a) references to formation documents, governing documents, agreements (including the Loan Documents) and other contractual instruments shall be deemed to include all subsequent refinancings, replacements, amendments, restatements, extensions, supplements and other modifications thereto, but only to the extent that such amendments, restatements, extensions, supplements and other modifications are not prohibited by any Loan Document; and (b) references to any law, statute or regulation shall include all statutory and regulatory provisions consolidating, amending, replacing, supplementing or interpreting such law, statute or regulation.
SECTION 2.            Amount and Terms of Loans .
2.01            The Term Loans .
(a)            Subject to the terms and conditions set forth herein, each Lender severally agrees to make a Term Loan to the Borrowers on the Closing Date in an aggregate principal amount equal to such Lender's Term Loan Commitment.  The Borrowers may make only one borrowing of Term Loans which shall consist of Term Loans made simultaneously by the Lenders on the Closing Date in accordance with their respective Percentages.  The Term Loans (x) shall be denominated in Dollars and (y) shall bear interest in accordance with Section 2.06 .
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Amounts borrowed under this Section 2.01 and repaid or prepaid may not be re-borrowed.  Each Lender's Term Loan Commitment shall terminate immediately and without further action on the Closing Date after giving effect to the funding of such Lender's Term Loan Commitment on the Closing Date.
(b)            Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained herein (and without affecting any other provision hereof), the funded portion of the Term Loans to be made on the Closing Date by the Lenders shall be equal to 99% of the principal amount of the Term Loans (it being agreed that the full principal amount of each such Term Loan will be deemed outstanding on the Closing Date and the Borrowers shall be obligated to repay 100% of the principal amount of each Term Loan as provided hereunder) as set forth in Section 3 .
2.02            Notice of Borrowing .
(a)            When the Borrowers desire to incur the Loans hereunder, an Authorized Representative of the Borrowers shall give the Administrative Agent at the Notice Office at least three Business Days' prior written notice (or telephonic notice promptly confirmed in writing) of each Term Loan to be incurred hereunder, provided that such notice shall be deemed to have been given on a certain day only if given before 11:00 a.m. (New York time) on such day.  Such written notice or written confirmation of telephonic notice (a " Notice of Borrowing "), except as otherwise expressly provided in Section 2.08 , shall be irrevocable and shall be given in writing by the Borrowers in the form of Exhibit G , appropriately completed to specify (i) the aggregate principal amount of the Loans to be incurred pursuant to the Borrowing, (ii) the date of the Borrowing (which shall be a Business Day), (iii) the Type of Loans comprising the Borrowing, (iv) in the case of Eurodollar Rate Loans, the initial Interest Period to be applicable to such Eurodollar Rate Loans, and (v) to which accounts the proceeds of such Loans are to be deposited.  The Administrative Agent shall promptly give each Lender notice of the Borrowing, of such Lender's proportionate share thereof and of the other matters required by the immediately preceding sentence to be specified in the Notice of Borrowing.  If the Borrowers fail to specify a Type of Loan in the Notice of Borrowing, then the Loans shall be made as Base Rate Loans.
(b)            Without in any way limiting the obligation of the Borrowers to confirm in writing any telephonic notice of any Borrowing or prepayment of Loans, the Administrative Agent may act without liability upon the basis of telephonic notice of the Borrowing or a prepayment, as the case may be, believed by the Administrative Agent in good faith to be from an Authorized Representative of the Borrowers prior to receipt of written confirmation.  In each such case, the Borrowers hereby waive the right to dispute the Administrative Agent's record of the terms of such telephonic notice of the prepayment of Loans absent manifest error.
2.03            Disbursements of Funds .  No later than 9:00 a.m. (New York time) on the date specified in the Notice of Borrowing, each Lender will make available its Percentage of the Borrowing.  All such amounts will be made available in Dollars and in immediately available funds at the Payment Office and the Administrative Agent will make available to the Borrowers (prior to 10 a.m. (New York time) on the date specified in the Notice of Borrowing to the extent of funds actually received by the Administrative Agent prior to 11:00 a.m. (New York time) on such day) at the Payment Office, in the accounts specified in the Notice of Borrowing, the
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aggregate of the amounts so made available by the Lenders.  Unless the Administrative Agent shall have been notified by any Lender prior to the date of the Borrowing that such Lender does not intend to make available to the Administrative Agent such Lender's portion of the Borrowing, the Administrative Agent may assume that such Lender has made such amount available to the Administrative Agent on the date of the Borrowing and the Administrative Agent may in its sole discretion (but shall not, for the avoidance of doubt, be obligated to), in reliance upon such assumption, make available to the Borrowers a corresponding amount.  If such corresponding amount is not in fact made available to the Administrative Agent by such Lender and such amount is advanced to the Borrowers by the Administrative Agent, the Administrative Agent shall be entitled to recover such corresponding amount on demand from such Lender.  If such Lender does not pay such corresponding amount forthwith upon the Administrative Agent's demand therefor, the Administrative Agent shall promptly notify the Borrowers and the Borrowers shall immediately pay such corresponding amount to the Administrative Agent.  The Administrative Agent also shall be entitled to recover on demand from such Lender or the Borrowers, as the case may be, interest on such corresponding amount in respect of each day from the date such corresponding amount was made available by the Administrative Agent to the Borrowers until the date such corresponding amount is recovered by the Administrative Agent, at a rate per annum equal to (i) if recovered from such Lender, the overnight Federal Funds Rate for the first three days and at the interest rate otherwise applicable to such Loans for each day thereafter and (ii) if recovered from the Borrowers, the rate of interest applicable to the Borrowing, as determined pursuant to Section 2.06.  Nothing in this Section 2.03 shall be deemed to relieve any Lender from its obligation to make Loans hereunder or to prejudice any rights which the Borrowers may have against any Lender as a result of any failure by such Lender to make Loans hereunder.
2.04            Notes .  (a) The Borrowers' obligation to pay the principal of, and interest on, the Loans of any Class made by each Lender shall be joint and several and shall be evidenced in the Register maintained by the Administrative Agent pursuant to Section 10.15 and shall, if requested by such Lender as provided below, also be evidenced by a promissory note duly executed and delivered by the Borrowers substantially in the form of Exhibit H , with blanks appropriately completed in conformity herewith (each a " Note " and, collectively, the " Notes ").
(b)            The Note issued to each Lender that has made a Loan shall (i) be executed by the Borrowers, (ii) be payable to such Lender or its registered assigns, (iii) be in a stated principal amount equal to the Class of Loan made by such Lender and be payable in the outstanding principal amount of the Loan evidenced thereby, (iv) mature on the Maturity Date or the Incremental Maturity Date, as applicable, (v) bear interest as provided in Section 2.06 , (vi) be subject to voluntary prepayment and mandatory repayment as provided in Sections 4.02 and 7.22(d) and (vii) be entitled to the benefits of this Agreement and the other Loan Documents.
(c)            Each Lender will note on its internal records the amount of the Loan of each Class made by it and each payment in respect thereof and, prior to the surrender of a Note pursuant to Section 10.15 , will endorse on the reverse side thereof the outstanding principal amount of Loans of such Class evidenced thereby.  Failure to make any such notation or any error in such notation or endorsement shall not affect the Borrowers' obligations in respect of such Loans.
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(d)            Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained above in this Section 2.04 or elsewhere in this Agreement, Notes shall only be delivered to Lenders which at any time specifically request the delivery of such Notes.  No failure of any Lender to request or obtain a Note evidencing its Loans to the Borrowers of any Class shall affect or in any manner impair the obligations of the Borrowers to pay the Loans (and all related Loan Document Obligations) incurred by the Borrowers which would otherwise be evidenced thereby in accordance with the requirements of this Agreement, and shall not in any way affect the security or guarantees therefor provided pursuant to the various Loan Documents.  Any Lender which does not have a Note evidencing its outstanding Loans shall in no event be required to make the notations otherwise described in the preceding clause (c).  At any time when any Lender requests the delivery of a Note to evidence any of its Loans of any Class, the Borrowers shall (at its expense) promptly execute and deliver to the respective Lender the requested Note in the appropriate amount or amounts to evidence such Loans.
2.05            Pro Rata Borrowings .  The Borrowings of Loans of any Class under this Agreement shall be incurred from the Lenders pro rata on the basis of their Commitments in respect of such Class.  It is understood that no Lender shall be responsible for any default by any other Lender of its obligation to make a Loan hereunder and that each Lender shall be obligated to make the Loans provided to be made by it hereunder, regardless of the failure of any other Lender to make its Loans hereunder.
2.06            Interest .
(a)            The Borrowers agree to pay interest in respect of the unpaid principal amount of each Loan from the date of Borrowing thereof until such principal amount shall be paid in full, at the following rates per annum:
(i)            Base Rate Loans.  During such periods as such Loan is a Base Rate Loan, a rate per annum equal at all times to the sum of (x) the Base Rate in effect from time to time plus (y) the Applicable Margin in effect from time to time, payable in arrears quarterly on each Quarterly Payment Date, on the date such Base Rate Loan shall be Converted and on the date of any repayment or prepayment (on the amount repaid or prepaid), at maturity (whether by acceleration or otherwise) and, after such maturity, on demand.
(ii)            Eurodollar Rate Loans.  During such periods as such Loan is a Eurodollar Rate Loan, a rate per annum equal at all times during each Interest Period for such Loan to the sum of (1) the Eurodollar Rate for such Interest Period for such Loan plus (2) the Applicable Margin in effect from time to time, payable in arrears on the last day of such Interest Period and, if such Interest Period has a duration of more than three months, on each day that occurs during such Interest Period each day that is three months, or a whole multiplier thereof, from the first day of such Interest Period, on the date such Eurodollar Rate Loan shall be Converted and on the date of any repayment or prepayment (on the amount repaid or prepaid), at maturity (whether by acceleration or otherwise) and, after such maturity, on demand.
(b)            Upon the occurrence and during the continuance of an Event of Default, the Borrowers shall pay interest on (i) the overdue outstanding principal amount of each Loan, payable in arrears on the dates referred to in clause (i) or (ii) of Section 2.06(a) , as applicable,
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and on demand, at a rate per annum equal at all times to 2% per annum above the rate per annum required to be paid on such Loan pursuant to clause (i) or (ii) of Section 2.06(a) , as applicable and (ii) to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, the amount of any overdue interest, fee or other amount payable under this Agreement or any other Loan Document to any Agent or any Lender Creditor that is not paid when due, from the date such amount shall be due until such amount shall be paid in full, payable in arrears on the date such amount shall be paid in full and on demand, at a rate per annum equal at all times to 2% per annum above the rate per annum required to be paid on Base Rate Loans pursuant to clause (i) of Section 2.06(a) .
(c)            Promptly after receipt of the Notice of Borrowing pursuant to Section 2.02, a notice of Conversion pursuant to Section 2.07 or a notice of selection of an Interest Period pursuant to the definition thereof, the Administrative Agent shall give notice to the Borrowers and each Lender of the applicable Interest Period and the applicable interest rate determined by the Administrative Agent for purposes of clause (i) or (ii) of Section 2.06(a) , and the applicable rate, if any, furnished by the Administrative Agent for the purpose of determining the applicable interest rate under clause (a)(ii) above.  Each such determination shall, absent manifest error, be final and conclusive and binding on all parties hereto.
2.07            Conversion of Loans .
(a)            Optional .  The Borrowers may on any Business Day, upon notice given to the Administrative Agent not later than 11:00 a.m. (New York City time) on the third Business Day prior to the date of the proposed Conversion and subject to the provisions of Sections 2.06 and 2.08 , Convert all or any portion of the Loans of one Type comprising the same Borrowing into Loans of the other Type; provided , however , that any Conversion of Eurodollar Rate Loans into Base Rate Loans shall be made only on the last day of an Interest Period for such Eurodollar Rate Loans, any Conversion of Base Rate Loans into Eurodollar Rate Loans shall be in an amount not less than (i) with respect to Eurodollar Rate Loans, $5,000,000 or an integral multiple of $1,000,000 in excess thereof and (ii) with respect to Base Rate Loans, $1,000,000 or an integral multiple of $500,000 in excess thereof, no Conversion of any Loans shall result in more than five separate concurrent Eurodollar Rate Borrowings than permitted under Sections 2.01 or 2.12 , as applicable, and each Conversion of Loans comprising part of the same Borrowing shall be made ratably among the Lenders in accordance with their Commitments.  Each such notice of Conversion shall, within the restrictions specified above, specify (i) the date of such Conversion, (ii) the identity, amount and Class of the Loans to be Converted and (iii) if such Conversion is into Eurodollar Rate Loans, the duration of the initial Interest Period for such Loans.  Each notice of Conversion shall be irrevocable and binding on the Borrowers.
(b)            Mandatory .  Upon the occurrence and during the continuance of any Event of Default (in the case of an Event of Default under Section 8(a)(ix) , automatically, and in the case of any other Event of Default, upon the request of the Required Lenders), (1) each Eurodollar Rate Loan will on the last day of the then existing Interest Period therefor, Convert into a Base Rate Loan and (2) the obligation of the Lenders to make, or to Convert Loans into, Eurodollar Rate Loans shall be suspended.
2.08            Increased Costs, Illegality, Market Disruption, etc .
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(a)            (i) In the event that any Recipient shall have determined (which determination shall, absent manifest error, be final and conclusive and binding upon all parties hereto) at any time, that such Recipient shall incur increased costs or reductions in the amounts received or receivable hereunder with respect to any Loan because of, without duplication, the introduction of or effectiveness of or any change since the Closing Date in any applicable law, treaty or governmental rule, regulation, order, guideline, directive or request (whether or not having the force of law) concerning capital adequacy, liquidity requirements or changes therein or otherwise or in the interpretation or administration thereof and including the introduction of any new law or governmental rule, regulation, order, guideline or request, such as, for example, but not limited to: (1) any such introduction, effectiveness or change subjecting any Recipient to any Tax, duty or other charge with respect to any Loan or Notes, Commitment, or deposits, reserves, other liabilities or capital attributable thereto or its obligation to make such Loan or a change in the basis of taxation of payment to any Recipient of the principal of or interest on the Loans or the Notes or any other amounts payable hereunder (other than any change in the rate or basis of taxation of any Excluded Tax), but without duplication of any amounts payable in respect of Taxes or Indemnified Taxes pursuant to Section 4.07 , (2) a change in official reserve requirements but, in all events, excluding reserves required under Regulation D to the extent included in the computation of the Eurodollar Rate or (3) a change that will have the effect of increasing the amount of capital adequacy or liquidity required or requested by an applicable governmental regulatory authority to be maintained by such Lender, or any corporation controlling such Lender, based on the existence of such Lender's Commitments or Loans made hereunder or its obligations hereunder,
(i)            at any time, that the making or continuance of any Eurodollar Rate Loan has been made unlawful by any law or governmental rule, regulation or order or any central bank or other governmental body or authority shall assert that it is unlawful; then, and in any such event, such Recipient shall promptly give notice (by telephone confirmed in writing) to the Borrowers and, in the case of this clause (ii), to the Administrative Agent of such determination (which notice the Administrative Agent shall promptly transmit to each of the Lenders).  Thereafter (1) in the case of clause (i) above, the Borrowers agree (to the extent applicable), to pay to such Recipient, upon its written demand therefor, such additional amounts as shall be required to compensate such Recipient or such other corporation for the increased costs or reductions to such Recipient or such other corporation and (2) in the case of the first sentence of this clause (ii), the Borrowers shall take one of the actions specified in Section 2.08(b) .  In determining such additional amounts, each Recipient will act reasonably and in good faith and will use averaging and attribution methods which are reasonable; provided that such Recipient's determination of compensation owing under this Section 2.08(a) shall, absent manifest error, be final and conclusive and binding on all the parties hereto.  Each Recipient, upon determining that any additional amounts will be payable pursuant to this Section 2.08(a) , will give prompt written notice thereof to the Borrowers, which notice shall show in reasonable detail the basis for the calculation of such additional amounts.  In the case of the circumstances described in the first sentence of this clause (ii), the obligation of the Lenders to make, or to Convert Loans into, Eurodollar Rate Loans shall be suspended until the Administrative Agent shall notify the Borrowers that such Lender has determined that the circumstances causing such suspension no longer exist.
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(b)            At any time that any Loan is affected by the circumstances described in Section 2.08(a)(i) or (ii), the Borrowers may (and in the case of a Loan affected by the circumstances described in Section 2.08(a)(ii) shall) either (i) if the affected Loan is then being made initially, cancel the Borrowing by giving the Administrative Agent telephonic notice (confirmed in writing) on the same date or the next Business Day that the Borrowers were notified by the affected Lender or the Administrative Agent pursuant to Section 2.08(a)(i) or (ii) or (ii) if the affected Loan is then outstanding, upon at least three Business Days' written notice to the Administrative Agent, in the case of any Loan, repay the Borrowing (within the time period required by the applicable law or governmental rule, governmental regulation or governmental order) in full in accordance with the applicable requirements of Sections 4.02 and 7.22(d) ; provided that in the case of any Eurodollar Rate Loan that is affected by the circumstances described in Section 2.08(a)(ii) , such Loans will automatically, upon delivery of such notice, Convert into a Base Rate Loan, and if the effect of such conversion is to eliminate the circumstances described in Section 2.08(a)(ii), the Borrowers may, but shall not be required to, prepay such Borrowing ; provided , further , that if more than one Lender is affected at any time, then all affected Lenders must be treated the same pursuant to this Section 2.08(b) .
(c)            If a Market Disruption Event occurs in relation to a Eurodollar Rate Loan for any Interest Period, then the Administrative Agent shall forthwith so notify the Borrowers and the Lenders, whereupon (i) each such Eurodollar Rate Loan will automatically, on the last day of the then existing Interest Period therefor, Convert into a Base Rate Loan and (ii) the obligation of the Lenders to Convert Loans into, Eurodollar Rate Loans shall be suspended until the Administrative Agent shall notify the Borrowers that such Lenders have determined that the circumstances causing such suspension no longer exist.
(d)            Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Agreement (including clause (a) above), reimbursement pursuant to this Section 2.08 for increased costs arising from any market disruption (i) shall be limited to circumstances generally affecting the banking market and (ii) may only be requested by Lenders representing 66 2/3% of the aggregate outstanding commitments, or after the termination thereof, the aggregate outstanding principal amount of all Loans.  A certificate as to any additional amounts payable pursuant to this Section 2.08 submitted by any Lender to the Borrowers (with a copy to the Administrative Agent) shall be conclusive in the absence of manifest error.  The Borrowers shall pay such Lender the additional amount shown as due on any such certificate promptly after, and in any event within ten Business Days of, receipt thereof.  Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Section 2.08 , the Borrowers shall not be required to compensate a Lender pursuant to this Section 2.08 for any amounts incurred more than nine months prior to the date that such Lender notifies the Borrowers of such Lender's intention to claim compensation therefor; provided that, if the circumstances giving rise to such claim have a retroactive effect, then such nine-month period shall be extended to include the period of such retroactive effect.
(e)            Notwithstanding anything in this Agreement to the contrary, (i) the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act and all requests, rules, guidelines or directives thereunder or issued in connection therewith and (ii) all requests, rules, guidelines or directives promulgated by the Bank for International Settlements, the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision (or any successor or similar authority) or the United States or foreign regulatory authorities, in each case pursuant to Basel III, shall in each case be deemed to be a
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change after the Closing Date in an applicable law or governmental rule, regulation or order, regardless of the date enacted, adopted, issued or implemented for all purposes under or in connection with this Agreement (including this Section 2.08) .
2.09            Compensation .  The Borrowers agree to compensate each Lender, upon its written request (which request shall set forth in reasonable detail the basis for requesting such compensation), for all reasonable and documented losses, expenses and liabilities (including, without limitation, any loss, expense or liability incurred by reason of the liquidation or reemployment of deposits or other funds required by such Lender to fund its Eurodollar Rate Loans but excluding loss of anticipated profits) which such Lender may sustain: (i) if for any reason (other than a default by such Lender or the Administrative Agent) a Eurodollar Rate Borrowing, Conversion or continuation does not occur on a date specified therefor in the applicable notice thereof (whether or not withdrawn by the Borrowers or deemed withdrawn pursuant to Section 2.08(a)); (ii) if any prepayment or repayment (including any prepayment or repayment made pursuant to Section 2.08(a), Section 4.01 , Section 4.02 or Section 7.22(d) or as a result of an acceleration of the Loans pursuant to Section 8) or assignment of any of its Eurodollar Rate Loans pursuant to Section 2.11 , occurs on a date which is not the last day of an Interest Period with respect thereto; (iii) if any prepayment of any of its Eurodollar Rate Loans is not made on any date specified in a notice of prepayment given by the Borrowers; or (iv) as a consequence of any other default by the Borrowers to repay Eurodollar Rate Loans or make payment on any Note held by such Lender when required by the terms of this Agreement.  Such loss, expense or liability to any Lender shall be deemed to include an amount determined by such Lender to be the amount (if any) by which (x) the amount of interest that would have accrued on the principal amount of such Loan had such event not occurred, at the Eurodollar Rate that would have been applicable to such Loan (which, for the avoidance of doubt, will not include the Applicable Margin applicable thereto), for the period from the date of such event to the last day of the then current Interest Period therefor (or, in the case of a failure to borrow, Convert or continue, for the period that would have been the Interest Period for such Loan) exceeds (y) the amount of interest that would accrue on such principal amount for such period at the interest rate that such Lender would bid were it to bid, at the commencement of such period for Dollar deposits of a comparable amount and period from other banks in the London interbank market.  A certificate of any Lender setting forth any amount or amounts such Lender is entitled to receive pursuant to this Section 2.09 shall be delivered to the Borrowers and shall be conclusive absent manifest error.
2.10            Change of Lending Office; Limitation on Additional Amounts .  Each Lender agrees that upon the occurrence of any event giving rise to the operation of Section 2.08(a) , 2.08(b) , 4.07(b) or 4.07(d) with respect to such Lender, it will, if requested by the Borrowers, use reasonable efforts (subject to overall policy considerations of such Lender) to designate another lending office for any Loans affected by such event, provided that such designation is made on such terms that such Lender and its lending office suffer no economic, legal or regulatory disadvantage, with the object of avoiding the consequence of the event giving rise to the operation of such Section.  Nothing in this Section 2.10 shall affect or postpone any of the obligations of the Borrowers or the right of any Lender provided in Sections 2.08 and 4.07 .
2.11            Replacement of Lenders .
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(a)            (i) If any Lender defaults in its obligations to make Loans, (ii) upon the occurrence of any event giving rise to the operation of Section 2.08(a) , Section 4.07(b) or 4.07(d) with respect to any Lender which results in such Lender charging to the Borrowers increased costs in excess of those being generally charged by the other Lenders, or (iii) as provided in Section 10.12(b) in the case of certain refusals by a Lender to consent to certain proposed changes, waivers, discharges or terminations with respect to this Agreement which have been approved by the Required Lenders, the Borrowers shall have the right, if no Default or Event of Default then exists (or, in the case of preceding clause (iii), will exist immediately after giving effect to the respective replacement), to replace such Lender (the " Replaced Lender ") with one or more other Eligible Transferee or Eligible Transferees (collectively, the "Replacement Lender") and each of whom shall be required to be reasonably acceptable to the Administrative Agent if such replacement would (in the case of the preceding clause (ii)) result in a reduction of the increased costs charged to the Borrowers, provided that:
(A)            at the time of any replacement pursuant to this Section 2.11 , the Replacement Lender shall enter into one or more Assignment and Assumption Agreements pursuant to Section 10.04(b) (and with all fees payable pursuant to said Section 10.04(b) to be paid by the Replacement Lender) pursuant to which the Replacement Lender shall acquire all of the Commitments and outstanding Loans of the Replaced Lender and, in connection therewith, shall pay to the Replaced Lender in respect thereof an amount equal to the principal of, and all accrued and unpaid interest on, all outstanding Loans of the Replaced Lender with respect to which such Replaced Lender is being replaced; and
(B)            all obligations of the Borrowers due and owing to the Replaced Lender at such time (other than those specifically described in clause (A) above in respect of which the assignment purchase price has been, or is concurrently being, paid) shall be paid in full to such Replaced Lender concurrently with such replacement (including, if applicable, Section 2.15) .
(b)            Upon the execution of the respective Assignment and Assumption Agreement, the payment of amounts referred to in clauses (A) and (B) above and, if so requested by the Replacement Lender, delivery to the Replacement Lender of the appropriate Note or Notes executed by the Borrowers, the Replacement Lender shall become a Lender hereunder and the Replaced Lender shall cease to constitute a Lender hereunder, except with respect to indemnification provisions under this Agreement (including, without limitation, Sections 2.08 , 2.09 , 4.07 , 9.06 and 10.01 ), which shall survive as to such Replaced Lender.
2.12            Incremental Commitments .
(a)            The Borrowers may on one or more occasions, by written notice to the Administrative Agent, request Incremental Commitments from one or more Incremental Lenders, which may include any existing Lender; provided that (i) no Lender shall be required to provide any Incremental Commitment, (ii) the aggregate amount of Incremental Commitments per Additional Collateral Vessel shall not exceed the Incremental Commitment Amount and (iii) the proceeds thereof shall be used to finance the purchase by the Borrower or a Borrower Subsidiary Guarantor (or a newly formed subsidiary of the Borrower to become a Borrower
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Subsidiary Guarantor) of an Additional Collateral Vessel and any Related Assets selected by the Borrower in respect thereof, or Equity Interests in the owner of an Additional Collateral Vessel and any Related Assets selected by the Borrower in respect thereof.  Such notice shall set forth (i) the amount of the Incremental Commitments being requested (which shall not exceed the then-current Incremental Commitment Amount and shall be in minimum increments of $5,000,000 and a minimum amount of $20,000,000 or equal to the remaining Incremental Commitment Amount) and (ii) the date on which such Incremental Commitments are requested to become effective (which shall not be less than five (5) Business Days nor more than 60 days after the date of such notice (which time periods for notice may be modified or waived at the discretion of the Administrative Agent)).  All loans made pursuant to any Class of Incremental Commitments established under this Section 2.12 are referred to herein as " Other Term Loans ", will rank pari passu or junior in right of payment and security with the Term Loans and will, (i) if pari passu in right of security with the Term Loans, benefit equally and ratably from the Liens under the Collateral Agreements and the guarantees under the Guarantee Agreement and will either be an increase in the Term Loans hereunder or be a new Class of term loans hereunder and (ii) if junior in right of security with the Term Loans, benefit on a second priority basis from the Liens under the Collateral Agreements and the guarantees under the Guarantee Agreement pursuant to intercreditor arrangements acceptable to the Administrative Agent.  Each Class of Other Term Loans will have terms and conditions substantially identical to the Term Loans (other than with respect to pricing, amortization and maturity) and otherwise will be on terms and subject to conditions reasonably satisfactory to the Administrative Agent.
(b)            The Borrowers and each Incremental Lender shall execute and deliver to the Administrative Agent an Incremental Assumption Agreement and such other documentation as the Administrative Agent shall reasonably specify to evidence the Incremental Commitment of such Incremental Lender.  Each Incremental Assumption Agreement shall specify the terms of the Other Term Loans to be made thereunder; provided that, without the prior written consent of Lenders holding a majority of the principal amount of the outstanding Loans, (i) the Other Term Loans shall mature no earlier than the Term Maturity Date and will have a Weighted Average Life to Maturity no shorter than the remaining Weighted Average Life to Maturity of the Term Loans, and (ii) if the interest rate spread applicable to any Other Term Loans (which, for this purpose, shall be deemed to include all upfront or similar fees or original issue discount and any pricing "floor" applicable to such Other Term Loans), but excluding any underwriting, arrangement, structuring or other similar fees payable in connection therewith that are not generally shared with the Lenders (collectively, " Upfront Payments "), in each case, paid to the Incremental Lenders in respect of such Other Term Loans, exceeds the interest rate spread applicable to the Term Loans (taking into account the Upfront Payments paid to the Lenders in respect of the establishment of the Term Loans and any pricing "floor" applicable to the Term Loans) by more than 50 basis points, then the interest rate spread applicable to the Term Loans shall be increased so that it equals (after taking into account Upfront Payments made in respect of the establishment of the Term Loans and any pricing "floor" applicable to the Term Loans) the interest rate spread applicable to the Other Term Loans less 0.50%.  For purposes of the foregoing, any original issue discount associated with the Term Loans or any Other Term Loans will be converted to an interest rate spread equivalent by dividing the percentage amount of such original issue discount by the lesser of (A) the Weighted Average Life to Maturity of such Loans and (B) four.
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(c)            Each Incremental Assumption Agreement shall require the consent of only the Parent, the Borrowers, the Administrative Agent and the Incremental Lenders providing the applicable Other Term Loans, but, in each case, not the consents of any other Lenders.  Each of the parties hereto hereby agrees that, upon the effectiveness of any Incremental Assumption Agreement, this Agreement and the other Loan Documents (other than the Intercreditor Agreement) shall be deemed amended to the extent (but only to the extent) necessary to reflect the existence and terms of the Other Term Loans evidenced thereby, including the amount and final maturity thereof, any provisions relating to amortization and the interest to accrue and be payable thereon and any fees to be payable in respect thereof, and to effect such other changes (including changes to the provisions of Sections 4.08 , 10.06 and 10.12 , the definition of "Required Lenders" and any other provisions of any Loan Document specifying the number or percentage of Lenders (or Lenders of any Class) required to waive, amend or modify any rights under the Loan Documents or make any determination or grant any consent under the Loan Documents) as the Borrowers and the Administrative Agent shall deem necessary or advisable in connection with the establishment of such Other Term Loans.  Any such deemed amendment may be memorialized in writing by the Administrative Agent with the Borrowers' consent (not to be unreasonably withheld or delayed) and furnished to the other parties hereto.
(d)            Notwithstanding the foregoing, no Other Term Loans may be incurred and no Incremental Assumption Agreement shall become effective under this Section 2.12 unless (i) on the date of such effectiveness and after giving effect to the making of any Other Term Loans contemplated thereby the conditions set forth in paragraphs (r) and (s) of Section 5.01 and the covenants set forth in Section 7.18 and Section 7.19 shall be satisfied (on a pro forma basis), (ii) all fees owing in respect of such Incremental Commitments to the Administrative Agent and the Lenders and all expenses in respect of such Incremental Commitments that the Borrowers are required to reimburse have been paid in full, (iii) the Administrative Agent shall have received legal opinions, board resolutions and other closing certificates and documentation as it shall reasonably request relating to such Other Term Loans, consistent with those delivered on the Closing Date pursuant to Section 5.01 and (iv) on the date of such effectiveness and after giving effect to the making of the Other Term Loans contemplated thereby and the purchase of the Additional Collateral Vessel and such Related Assets, if any, Section 7.07 and the Collateral and Guarantee Requirement shall have been satisfied in respect of such Additional Collateral Vessel and the Borrower or the Subsidiary of the Borrower acquiring such Additional Collateral Vessel and Related Assets.  The Administrative Agent shall promptly notify each Lender as to the effectiveness of each Incremental Assumption Agreement.
2.13            Loan Repurchases .
(a)            Subject to the terms and conditions set forth or referred to below, the Borrowers may from time to time, at their discretion, purchase outstanding Loans or Other Term Loans of one or more Classes (as determined by the Borrowers) so long as the following conditions are satisfied:
(i)            such purchase is made (A) as an open market purchase or (B) pursuant to a modified Dutch auction managed by an investment bank of recognized standing selected by the Borrowers that is reasonably acceptable to the Administrative Agent (in such capacity, the " Auction Manager ") and conducted in accordance with the Auction Procedures;
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(ii)            no Default or Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing on the date of the delivery of each Auction Notice, if applicable, and at the time of purchase or assignment of any of the Loans;
(iii)            the aggregate principal amount (calculated on the face amount thereof) of all Loans or Other Term Loans of the applicable Class or Classes so purchased by the Borrowers or any Subsidiary of the Borrowers shall automatically be cancelled and retired by the Borrowers on the settlement date of the relevant purchase (and will thereafter no longer be outstanding hereunder); and
(iv)            the Borrowers represent and warrant that no Loan Party shall have any Borrower Restricted Information that (1) has not been previously disclosed in writing to the Administrative Agent and the Lenders (other than because such Lender does not wish to receive such Borrower Restricted Information) prior to such time and (2) could reasonably be expected to have a material effect upon, or otherwise be material to, a Lender's decision to assign or sell its Loans or Other Term Loans.
(b)            With respect to all purchases of Loans or Other Term Loans of any Class or Classes made by the Borrowers pursuant to this Section 2.13 , (i) the Borrowers shall pay on the settlement date of each such purchase all accrued and unpaid interest (except to the extent otherwise set forth in the relevant offering documents), if any, on the purchased Loans or Other Term Loans of the applicable Class or Classes up to the settlement date of such purchase, and upon such payment, such Loans or other Term Loans and related Obligations shall no longer be outstanding, and (ii) such purchases (and the payments made by the Borrowers and the cancellation of the purchased Loans or Other Term Loans, in each case in connection therewith) shall not constitute voluntary or mandatory payments or prepayments for purposes of Section 4.01 , Section 4.02 or Section 7.22(d) hereof.
(c)            The Administrative Agent and the Lenders hereby consent to any purchase of Loans or Other Term Loans effected pursuant to and in accordance with the terms of this Section 2.13 ( provided that no Lender shall have an obligation to assign or sell its Loans or Other Term Loans pursuant this Section 2.13 ).  For the avoidance of doubt, it is understood and agreed that the provisions of Sections 4.08 , 10.04 and 10.06 will not apply to the purchases of Loans or Other Term Loans made pursuant to and in accordance with the provisions of this Section 2.13 .
2.14            Extension Offers .
(a)            The Borrowers may at any time and from time to time (so long as no Default or Event of Default has occurred or is continuing) following the Closing Date request that all or a portion of the Term Loans or Other Term Loans existing at the time of such request (each, an " Existing Loan ") be converted to extend the termination date thereof and the scheduled maturity date(s) of any payment of principal with respect to all or a portion of any principal amount of Existing Loans (any Loans which have been so extended, " Extended Loans ") and to provide for other terms consistent with this Section 2.14 .  Prior to entering into any Extension Amendment (as defined below) with respect to any Extended Loans, the Borrowers shall provide a notice to the Administrative Agent (who shall provide a copy of such notice to each of the Lenders of the applicable Existing Loans and which such request shall be offered equally to all
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such Lenders) (an " Extension Request ") setting forth the proposed terms of the Extended Loans to be established thereunder, which terms shall be substantially similar to those applicable to the Existing Loans from which they are to be extended (the " Specified Existing Loan Class ") except that (i) all or any of the final maturity dates of such Extended Loans may be delayed to later dates than the final maturity dates of the Existing Loans of the Specified Existing Loan Class, (ii)(x) the interest rates, interest margins, rate floors, upfront fees, funding discounts, original issue discounts and premiums with respect to the Extended Loans may be different from those for the Existing Loans of the Specified Existing Loan Class and/or (y) additional fees and/or premiums may be payable to the Lenders providing such Extended Loans in addition to or in lieu of any of the items contemplated by the preceding clause (x), (iii) the Extension Amendment may provide for other covenants and terms that apply to any period after the Term Maturity Date (as such date is set forth on the date of any determination); provided that, notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Section 2.14 or otherwise, (A) the repayment of the Extended Loans shall be made on a pro rata basis or on a less than pro rata basis with any repayments of the Existing Loans of the Specified Existing Loan Class (the mechanics for which may be implemented through the applicable Extension Amendment (as defined below) and may include technical changes related to the borrowing and replacement procedures of the Specified Existing Loan Class) and (B) assignments and participations of Extended Loans shall be governed by the assignment and participation provisions set forth in Section 10.04 .  No Lender shall have any obligation to agree to have any of its Loans converted into Extended Loans pursuant to any Extension Request.  Any Extended Loans shall constitute a separate class of Loans from Existing Loans of the Specified Existing Loan Class and from any other Existing Loans.  No Extension Amendment shall provide for any extension of any Specified Existing Loan Class in an aggregate principal amount that is less than 25% of such Specified Existing Loan Class then outstanding or committed, as the case may be.
(b)            The Borrowers shall provide the applicable Extension Request at least three (3) Business Days (or such shorter period as the Administrative Agent may determine in its reasonable discretion) prior to the date on which Lenders holding Existing Loans are requested to respond, and shall agree to such procedures, if any, as may be established by, or acceptable to, the Administrative Agent, in each case acting reasonably, to accomplish the purpose of this Section 2.14 .  Any Lender (an " Extending Lender ") wishing to have all or a portion of its Loans (or any earlier Extended Loans) subject to such Extension Request converted into Extended Loans shall notify the Administrative Agent (an " Extension Election ") on or prior to the date specified in such Extension Request of the amount of its Loans (and/or any earlier Extended Loans) which it has elected to convert into Extended Loans.  In the event that the aggregate amount of Loans (and any earlier Extended Loans) subject to Extension Elections exceeds the amount of Extended Loans requested pursuant to the Extension Request, Loans (and any earlier Extended Loans) subject to Extension Elections shall be converted to Extended Loans on a pro rata basis based on the amount of Loans (and any earlier Extended Loans) included in each such Extension Election or as may be otherwise agreed to in the applicable Extension Amendment.
(c)            Extended Loans shall be established pursuant to an amendment (an " Extension Amendment ") to this Agreement (which, notwithstanding anything to the contrary set forth in Section 10.12 , shall not require the consent of any Lender other than the Extending Lenders with respect to the Extended Loans established thereby) executed by the Loan Parties, the Administrative Agent and the Extending Lenders.  It is understood and agreed that each
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Lender hereunder has consented, and shall at the effective time thereof be deemed to consent to each amendment to this Agreement and the other Loan Documents authorized by this Section 2.14 and the arrangements described above in connection therewith.  Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Section 2.14(c) and without limiting the generality or applicability of Section 10.12 to any Section 2.14 Additional Amendments (as defined below), any Extension Amendment may provide for additional terms and/or additional amendments other than those referred to or contemplated above (any such additional amendment, a " Section 2.14 Additional Amendment ") to this Agreement and the other Loan Documents; provided that such Section 2.14 Additional Amendments are within the requirements of Section 2.14(a) and do not become effective prior to the time that such Section 2.14 Additional Amendments have been consented to (including, without limitation, pursuant to consents applicable to holders of any Extended Loans provided for in any Extension Amendment) by such of the Lenders, Loan Parties and other parties (if any) as may be required in order for such Section 2.14 Additional Amendments to become effective in accordance with Section 10.12 .
(d)            Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in this Agreement, (i) on any date on which any class of Existing Loans is converted to extend the related scheduled maturity date(s) in accordance with paragraph (a) above (an " Extension Date "), in the case of the Existing Loans of each Extending Lender under any Specified Existing Loan Class, the aggregate principal amount of such Existing Loans shall be deemed reduced by an amount equal to the aggregate principal amount of Extended Loans so converted by such Lender on such date, and such Extended Loans shall be established as a separate class of Loans from the Specified Existing Loan Class and from any other Existing Loans (together with any other Extended Loans so established on such date) and (ii) if, on any Extension Date, any Existing Loans of any Extending Lender are outstanding under the Specified Existing Loan Class, such Existing Loans (and any related participations) shall be deemed to be allocated as Extended Loans (and related participations) in the same proportion as such Extending Lender's Specified Existing Loan Class to Extended Loans.
(e)            No exchange of Loans pursuant to any Extension Amendment in accordance with this Section 2.14 shall constitute a voluntary or mandatory payment or prepayment for purposes of this Agreement.
2.15            Term Loan Refinancing Protection .  In the event that the Borrower (w) repays, prepays, refinances, substitutes or replaces all or any portion of the Loans in connection with a Repricing Transaction, (x) effects any amendment or waiver of this Agreement resulting in a Repricing Transaction by assigning the Loans pursuant to Section 2.11 of Lenders that do not consent to such amendment or waiver, (y) makes a mandatory prepayment of all or any portion of the Term Loans pursuant to Section 4.02(b) (whether or not in connection with a Repricing Transaction) or (z) makes a voluntary prepayment of the Loans pursuant to 4.01 (including pursuant to any Permitted Refinancing Indebtedness), then, in each case, solely to the extent such repayment, prepayment, refinancing, substitution, replacement, amendment, waiver or Repricing Transaction is made or occurs on or prior to the date that is twelve months after the Closing Date, the Borrowers shall pay to the Administrative Agent, for the ratable account of each of the applicable Lenders, in addition to the principal amount of, and accrued but unpaid interest on, such repaid, prepaid, refinanced, substituted, replaced or assigned Loans, an amount equal to 1.0% of the principal amount of such Loans.  All such amounts shall be due and payable on the
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effective date of the applicable Repricing Transaction or date of repayment, prepayment, refinancing, substitution, replacement or assignment, as applicable.
SECTION 3.            Fees .
3.01            Fees .  The Borrowers agree to pay the fees set forth in the Fee Letters.  Such fees shall be in all respects fully earned, due and payable on the Closing Date and non-refundable and non-creditable thereafter.
3.02            General .  All Fees payable hereunder shall be paid on the dates due, in immediately available funds, to the Administrative Agent for distribution to the Lenders entitled thereto.  Fees paid hereunder shall not be refundable under any circumstances.  The fees paid hereunder shall not be subject to reduction by way of set-off or counterclaim and shall be payable free and clear of and without deduction for any and all present and future applicable taxes, levies, imposts, deductions, charges or withholdings, and all liabilities with respect thereto (with appropriate gross-up for withholding taxes).
SECTION 4.            Prepayments; Payments; Taxes .
4.01            Voluntary Prepayments .
The Borrowers shall have the right to prepay the Loans, without premium or penalty (except, if applicable, pursuant to Section 2.15 or as set forth in the applicable Incremental Assumption Agreement) in whole or in part, at any time and from time to time on the following terms and conditions:
(a)            an Authorized Representative of the Borrowers shall give the Administrative Agent prior to 11:00 a.m. (New York time) at the Notice Office at least three (3) Business Days prior written notice (or telephonic notice promptly confirmed in writing) of its intent to prepay such Loans;
(b)            voluntary prepayments of any Class of Loans made by the Borrowers pursuant to this Section 4.01 shall be allocated among such Class of Loans and applied as directed by the Borrowers and, in the absence of any such direction of the Borrower, pro rata to all Classes of Loans and, within any such Class of Loans, pro rata to the remaining scheduled installments of principal of such Class of Loans;
(c)            partial prepayments shall be in an aggregate amount of $5,000,000 or a whole multiple of $1,000,000 in excess thereof, with respect to Eurodollar Rate Loans, and, $1,000,000 or an integral multiple of $500,000 in excess thereof, with respect to Base Rate Loans;
(d)            any notice of prepayment pursuant to this Section 4.01 shall specify (1) the amount of such prepayment, (2) the prepayment date, (3) the Class of Loans to be prepaid and (4) the allocation of the amount specified pursuant to clause (1) among the Loans specified pursuant to clause (3) and which notice the Administrative Agent shall promptly transmit to each of the Lenders;
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(e)            at the time of any prepayment of the Loans pursuant to this Section 4.01 on any date other than the last day of the Interest Period applicable thereto, the Borrowers shall pay the amounts required to be paid pursuant to Section 2.09 ; and
(f)            all such prepayments of principal shall be accompanied with (i) accrued and unpaid interest on the principal amount to be prepaid to but excluding the date of such prepayment as set forth in Section 2.06 and (ii) any premium or other amounts required by Section 2.15 .
(g)            Notwithstanding the foregoing (and as provided in clause (A) of the proviso to Section 2.14(a) ), the Borrowers may not prepay Extended Loans of any Extension Series unless such prepayment is accompanied by a pro rata repayment of Existing Loans of the Specified Existing Loan Class of the Existing Loans from which such Extended Loans were converted (or such Existing Loans have otherwise been repaid and terminated in full).
4.02            Mandatory Prepayment .
(a)            (i) Upon the occurrence or happening of any Event of Loss, and the receipt of Net Cash Proceeds in respect thereof, the Borrower shall cause all such Net Cash Proceeds to be deposited into a deposit account controlled by the Collateral Agent upon the receipt thereof and held as Collateral subject to a Lien under the Collateral Agreements pending the application of such funds in accordance with the terms of this Section 4.02 ; provided that, notwithstanding any other provision of this Section 4.02 to the contrary, upon an Event of Total Loss, the Borrower shall, within the earlier of (A) 180 days of such event and (B) the date on which the Borrower receives any Net Cash Proceeds from such Event of Total Loss, prepay the principal of the Loans in an amount equal to the greater of (x) $100,000,000 and (y) the Relevant Percentage of the Loans (in each case, with Net Cash Proceeds from such Event of Loss, any other cash available to the Borrower (including the proceeds of cash equity contributions to the Borrower) or any combination thereof).
(ii)            Within 180 days (subject to extension as provided in Section 4.02(a)(iii) ) after the receipt of any Net Cash Proceeds from an Event of Loss (other than an Event of Total Loss), the Borrower or the applicable Borrower Subsidiary Guarantor, as the case may be, shall apply such Net Cash Proceeds at its option to any combination of the following:
(A)            provided that no Default or Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing, to substitute one or more Substitute Vessels and Related Assets, or all of the Capital Stock of any Person owning one or more Substitute Vessels (and to make any Permitted Repairs with respect thereto) for the affected Collateral Vessel and make each such Substitute Vessel subject to a Ship Mortgage pursuant to which the Collateral Agent shall obtain a Lien, on a first-priority basis, on such Substitute Vessel for the benefit of itself, the Administrative Agent, the Lenders and the holders of other Pari Passu Obligations;
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(B)            provided that no Default or Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing, to make any Permitted Repairs with respect to the affected Collateral Vessel; or
(C)            to prepay Loans in accordance with Section 4.03 .
(iii)            A binding commitment to apply Net Cash Proceeds from an Event of Loss (other than an Event of Total Loss) in accordance with Sections 4.02(a)(ii)(A) or (B) above shall toll the 180-day period in respect of such Net Cash Proceeds for a period not to exceed 180 days from the expiration of the aforementioned 180-day period so long as such Net Cash Proceeds are actually used within the later of 180 days from their receipt from such Event of Loss and 180 days from the date of such binding commitment.
(iv)            Any Net Cash Proceeds that have not been previously applied or invested as provided in Section 4.02(a)(ii) will constitute " Excess Loss Proceeds ".  When the aggregate amount of Excess Loss Proceeds exceeds $10,000,000, the Borrower shall, or shall cause the applicable Borrower Subsidiary Guarantor to, within five Business Days thereof, prepay the Loans in an amount equal to such Excess Loss Proceeds.
(b)            No later than the second Business Day following the date of receipt by the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries of any Net Cash Proceeds from the Incurrence of any Indebtedness of the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries (other than with respect to any Permitted Debt), the Borrower shall prepay the Loans in an amount equal to 100% of the Net Cash Proceeds of such Indebtedness in accordance with Section 4.03 .
(c)            The Borrower shall, or shall cause the applicable Borrower Subsidiary Guarantor to, prepay the Loans in an amount equal to 100% of Excess Asset Sale Proceeds in accordance with Section 7.22(d) .
(d)            All prepayments pursuant to this Section 4.02 shall be without premium or penalty except as provided in Section 2.15.
4.03            Application of Mandatory Prepayments .
(a)            Any amount required to be paid pursuant to Sections 4.02 and 7.22(d) shall be applied to prepay the Term Loans on a pro rata basis as among the various Classes thereof (in accordance with the respective outstanding principal amounts thereof), applied to each such Class to reduce the scheduled remaining installments of principal on a pro rata basis; provided that any Extended Loans or Permitted Refinancing Indebtedness may be prepaid on a less (but not greater) than pro rata basis if agreed to by the Lenders holding such Loans.  All such prepayments of principal shall be accompanied with (i) accrued and unpaid interest on the principal amount to be prepaid to but excluding the date of such prepayment as set forth in Section 2.06 and (ii) any premium or other amounts required by Section 2.15 .
(b)            Considering each Class of Loans being prepaid separately, any prepayment thereof shall be applied first to Base Rate Loans to the full extent thereof before application to Eurodollar Rate Loans, in each case in a manner which minimizes the amount of any payments required to be made by Borrower pursuant to Section 2.09 .
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(c)            At the time of any prepayment of the Loans pursuant to this Section 4.03 on any date other than the last day of the Interest Period applicable thereto, the Borrowers shall pay the amounts required to be paid pursuant to Section 2.09 .
4.04            Termination of Commitments .  The Term Loan Commitments shall be automatically and permanently terminated on the Closing Date upon the funding of the Term Loans.  The Incremental Commitments of any Class shall automatically terminate upon the making of the Other Term Loans of such Class and, if any such Incremental Commitment is not drawn on the date that such Incremental Commitment is required to be drawn pursuant to the applicable Incremental Assumption Agreement, the undrawn amount thereof shall automatically terminate on the Maturity Date specified therefor.
4.05            Repayment of the Loans .
(a)            The principal amount of the Term Loans (excluding Other Term Loans) of each Lender shall be repaid (i) on the last Business Day of each March, June, September and December, commencing with the last Business Day of September 2017, in aggregate principal amounts, which amounts shall be reduced as a result of the application of prepayments in accordance with Section 4.01 and Section 4.03 (such amounts, as adjusted from time to time pursuant to Section 4.01 and Section 4.03 , the " Term Loan Repayment Amount ") equal to 0.25% of the aggregate principal amount of such Term Loans outstanding on the Closing Date and (ii) on the Term Loan Maturity Date, in an amount equal to the aggregate principal amount outstanding on such date.
(b)            The Borrowers shall pay to the Administrative Agent, for the account of the applicable Incremental Lenders, on each Incremental Repayment Date, including the Incremental Maturity Date, a principal amount of the Other Term Loans equal to the amount set forth for such date in the applicable Incremental Assumption Agreement, which amounts shall be reduced as a result of the application of prepayments in accordance with Section 4.01 and Section 4.03 (such amounts, as adjusted from time to time pursuant to Sections 4.01 and 4.03, the " Incremental Repayment Amount ").
(c)            All repayments pursuant to this Section 4.05 shall be accompanied by accrued and unpaid interest on the principal amount paid to but excluding the date of payment, but shall otherwise be without premium or penalty.  In the event that any Loans are purchased or acquired by the Borrowers under Section 2.13 or any portion of any Loans are converted into a new Extension Series pursuant to an Extension Amendment effected pursuant to Section 2.14 , then the Term Loan Repayment Amount and the Incremental Repayment Amount attributable to each Term Loan or Other Term Loan of each Class or Extension Series, as applicable, that was outstanding prior to and remains outstanding after a purchase offer by the Borrower or Extension Amendment, as the case may be, will not be reduced or otherwise affected by such transaction.
4.06            Method and Place of Payment .  Except as otherwise specifically provided herein, all payments under this Agreement and under any Note shall be made to the Administrative Agent for the account of the Lender or Lenders entitled thereto not later than 1:00 p.m. (New York time) on the date when due and shall be made in Dollars in immediately available funds at the Payment Office.  Any payments under this Agreement or under any Note which are made
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later than 1:00 p.m. (New York time) on any day shall be deemed to have been made on the next succeeding Business Day.  Whenever any payment to be made hereunder or under any Note shall be stated to be due on a day which is not a Business Day, the due date thereof shall be extended to the next succeeding Business Day and, with respect to payments of principal, interest shall be payable at the applicable rate during such extension.
4.07            Net Payments; Taxes .
(a)            All payments made by or on account of any Loan Party hereunder or under any other Loan Document will be made without setoff, counterclaim or other defense.
(b)            Any and all payments by or on account of any obligation of any Loan Party under any Loan Document shall be made without deduction or withholding for any Taxes, except as required by applicable law.  If any applicable law (as determined in the good faith discretion of an applicable withholding agent) requires the deduction or withholding of any Tax from any such payment by a withholding agent, then the applicable withholding agent shall be entitled to make such deduction or withholding and shall timely pay the full amount deducted or withheld to the relevant Governmental Authority in accordance with applicable law and, if such Tax is an Indemnified Tax, then the sum payable by the applicable Loan Party shall be increased as necessary so that after such deduction or withholding has been made (including such deductions and withholdings applicable to additional sums payable under this Section 4.07 ) the applicable Recipient receives an amount equal to the sum it would have received had no such deduction or withholding been made.
(c)            The Borrowers and Guarantors shall timely pay to the relevant Governmental Authority in accordance with applicable law, or at the option of the Administrative Agent timely reimburse it for the payment of, any Other Taxes.
(d)            The Borrowers and Guarantors shall jointly and severally indemnify each Recipient, within 10 days after demand therefor, for the full amount of any Indemnified Taxes (including Indemnified Taxes imposed or asserted on or attributable to amounts payable under this Section 4.07 ) payable or paid by such Recipient or required to be withheld or deducted from a payment to such Recipient and any reasonable expenses arising therefrom or with respect thereto, whether or not such Indemnified Taxes were correctly or legally imposed or asserted by the relevant Governmental Authority.  A certificate as to the amount of such payment or liability delivered to the Borrowers by a Lender (with a copy to the Administrative Agent), or by the Administrative Agent on its own behalf or on behalf of a Lender, shall be conclusive absent manifest error.
(e)            Each Lender shall severally indemnify the Administrative Agent, within 10 days after demand therefor, for (i) any Indemnified Taxes attributable to such Lender (but only to the extent that any Loan Party has not already indemnified the Administrative Agent for such Indemnified Taxes and without limiting the obligation of the Loan Parties to do so), (ii) any Taxes attributable to such Lender's failure to comply with the provisions of Section 10.04(c) relating to the maintenance of a Participant Register and (iii) any Excluded Taxes attributable to such Lender, in each case, that are payable or paid by the Administrative Agent in connection with any Loan Document, and any reasonable expenses arising therefrom or with respect thereto,
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whether or not such Taxes were correctly or legally imposed or asserted by the relevant Governmental Authority.  A certificate as to the amount of such payment or liability delivered to any Lender by the Administrative Agent shall be conclusive absent manifest error.  Each Lender hereby authorizes the Administrative Agent to set off and apply any and all amounts at any time owing to such Lender under any Loan Document or otherwise payable by the Administrative Agent to the Lender from any other source against any amount due to the Administrative Agent under this paragraph (e) .
(f)            As soon as practicable after any payment of Taxes by any Loan Party to a Governmental Authority pursuant to this Section 4.07 , such Loan Party shall deliver to the Administrative Agent the original or a certified copy of a receipt issued by such Governmental Authority evidencing such payment, a copy of the return reporting such payment or other evidence of such payment reasonably satisfactory to the Administrative Agent.
(g)            If required to establish that such Lender is exempt from United States backup withholding taxes, each Lender shall deliver to the Administrative Agent on or before it becomes a party to this Agreement and from time to time as may be necessary thereafter, duly completed copies of IRS Form W-8BEN, W-8BEN-E, W-8ECI, W-8IMY, W-EXP or W-9, as may be applicable, together with any required attachments.
(h)            If a payment made under any Loan Document would be subject to U.S. federal withholding Tax imposed by FATCA if any party hereto were to fail to comply with the applicable reporting requirements of FATCA (including those contained in Section 1471(b) or 1472(b) of the Code, as applicable), such party shall deliver to the Administrative Agent and relevant other parties at the time or times prescribed by law and at such time or times reasonably requested by the Administrative Agent or such other parties such documentation prescribed by applicable law (including as prescribed by Section 1471(b)(3)(C)(i) of the Code) and such additional documentation reasonably requested by the Administrative Agent or other parties as may be necessary for the Administrative Agent or other parties to comply with their obligations under FATCA and to determine that such party has complied with such party's obligations under FATCA or to determine the amount to deduct and withhold from such payment.  Solely for purposes of this paragraph (h), "FATCA" shall include any amendments made to FATCA after the date of this Agreement.
(i)            If any party determines, in its sole discretion exercised in good faith, that it has received a refund of any Taxes as to which it has been indemnified pursuant to this Section 4.07 (including by the payment of additional amounts pursuant to this Section 4.07 ), it shall pay to the indemnifying party an amount equal to such refund (but only to the extent of indemnity payments made under this Section 4.07 with respect to the Taxes giving rise to such refund), net of all out-of-pocket expenses (including Taxes) of such indemnified party and without interest (other than any interest paid by the relevant Governmental Authority with respect to such refund).  Such indemnifying party, upon the request of such indemnified party, shall repay to such indemnified party the amount paid over pursuant to this paragraph (i) (plus any penalties, interest or other charges imposed by the relevant Governmental Authority) in the event that such indemnified party is required to repay such refund to such Governmental Authority.  Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this paragraph (i), in no event will the indemnified party be required to pay any amount to an indemnifying party pursuant to this
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paragraph (i) the payment of which would place the indemnified party in a less favorable net after-Tax position than the indemnified party would have been in if the Tax subject to indemnification and giving rise to such refund had not been deducted, withheld or otherwise imposed and the indemnification payments or additional amounts with respect to such Tax had never been paid.  This paragraph shall not be construed to require any indemnified party to make available its Tax returns (or any other information relating to its Taxes that it deems confidential) to the indemnifying party or any other Person.
(j)            Each party's obligations under this Section 4.07 shall survive the resignation or replacement of the Administrative Agent or any assignment of rights by, or the replacement of, a Lender, the termination of the Commitments and the repayment, satisfaction or discharge of all Loan Document Obligations under any Loan Document.
(k)            For purposes of this Section 4.07 , the term "applicable law" includes FATCA.
4.08            Application of Proceeds .  All monies collected by the Administrative Agent (whether received from the Collateral Agent or otherwise) upon any sale or other disposition of the Collateral of each Loan Party, together with all other monies received by the Administrative Agent (whether received from the Collateral Agent or otherwise) under and in accordance with this Agreement and the other Loan Documents (including, without limitation, as a result of any distribution in respect of the Collateral in any bankruptcy, insolvency or similar proceeding) (except to the extent released in accordance with the applicable provisions of this Agreement or any other Loan Document), shall be applied to the payment of the Secured Obligations, subject to the terms of the Intercreditor Agreement, if applicable, as follows:
First , ratably to the payment of all costs and expenses incurred by the Collateral Agent, the Administrative Agent and any similar agents under the Pari Passu Documents in connection with such collection or sale or otherwise in connection with this Agreement, any other Pari Passu Document or any of the Pari Passu Obligations, including all court costs and the fees and expenses of its agents, professional advisors and legal counsel, the repayment of all advances made by the Collateral Agent, the Administrative Agent and any similar agents under the Pari Passu Documents hereunder or under any other Pari Passu Document on behalf of any Grantor and any other costs or expenses incurred in connection with the exercise of any right or remedy hereunder or under any other Pari Passu Document;
Second , to the payment in full of the Pari Passu Obligations (the amounts so applied to be distributed among the Secured Parties pro rata in accordance with the amounts of the Pari Passu Obligations owed to them on the date of any such distribution); and
Third , to the Grantors, their successors or assigns, or as a court of competent jurisdiction may otherwise direct.
The Collateral Agent shall promptly apply any such proceeds, moneys or balances in accordance with this Section 4.08 .  Upon any sale of Collateral by the Collateral Agent (including pursuant to a power of sale granted by statute or under a judicial proceeding), the receipt by the Collateral Agent or of the officer making the sale of any such proceeds shall be a sufficient
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discharge to the purchaser or purchasers of the Collateral so sold and such purchaser or purchasers shall not be obligated to see to the application of any part of the purchase money paid over to the Collateral Agent or such officer or be answerable in any way for the misapplication thereof.
SECTION 5.            Conditions Precedent .
5.01            Conditions Precedent to Closing Date .  The obligation of each Lender to make its Loans shall become effective on and as of the first date (the " Closing Date ") on which the following conditions have been satisfied or waived in accordance with Section 10.12 .
(a)            Loan Documents .  The Joint Global Coordinators shall have received duly authorized, executed and delivered counterparts of (i) this Agreement, (ii) Notes executed by the Borrowers, for the account of each of the Lenders that has requested the same, in each case in the amount, maturity and as otherwise provided herein and (iii) each other applicable Loan Document, in each case in form reasonably satisfactory to the Joint Global Coordinators.
(b)            Fees, etc .  The Parent and the Borrowers shall have paid all accrued costs, fees and expenses that are due and payable hereunder and under the other Loan Documents and any other compensation, if any, payable to the Administrative Agent, the Collateral Agent, the Joint Global Coordinators and the Lenders, which costs, fees and expenses may be offset against the proceeds of the Loans.
(c)            Officer's Certificate .  The Joint Global Coordinators shall have received a certificate, dated the Closing Date and signed on behalf of the Borrowers by an Authorized Representative of the Borrowers, certifying on behalf of the Borrowers that all of the conditions set forth in clauses (i), (r), (s), (t) and (u) of this Section 5.01 have been satisfied on such date.
(d)            Collateral and Guarantee Requirement .  The Collateral and Guarantee Requirement shall have been satisfied, and each Loan Document shall be in full force and effect.  The Collateral Agent shall have received a completed Perfection Certificate, dated the Closing Date and signed by a Financial Officer of the Parent, together with all attachments contemplated thereby.
(e)            Consummation of Certain Transactions .  The Joint Global Coordinators shall have received satisfactory evidence that the following Transactions have been, or substantially simultaneously with the Closing Date will be, consummated:
(i)            the ABN Amro Refinancing, and all security interests in respect of, and Liens securing, the Indebtedness under the Existing ABN Amro Credit Agreement pursuant to the security documentation relating thereto and all guarantees of such Indebtedness shall have been terminated and released (or releases in respect of such Liens shall have been delivered to the Joint Global Coordinators in escrow to be released immediately upon the receipt of funds by the applicable agents for the Existing ABN Amro Credit Agreement); and
(ii)            the CS Refinancing, and all security interests in respect of, and Liens securing, the Indebtedness under the Existing CS Loan Agreement pursuant to the security documentation relating thereto and all guarantees of such Indebtedness shall have been
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terminated and released (or releases in respect of such Liens shall have been delivered to the Joint Global Coordinators in escrow to be released immediately upon the receipt of funds by the applicable agents for the Existing CS Loan Agreement),
and, in each case, the Joint Global Coordinators shall have received all such releases as may have been reasonably requested by the Joint Global Coordinators, which releases shall be in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Joint Global Coordinators, including without limitation Form UCC-3 Termination Statements (or such other termination statements pursuant to local law, as applicable), terminations or releases of all mortgages and reassignments of insurances and charter hire payments, revenues and earnings, as applicable, all of which shall be in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Joint Global Coordinators.
(f)            Borrower Subsidiary Guarantors .  The Joint Global Coordinators shall have received satisfactory evidence that substantially contemporaneously with the Closing Date, the Borrowers or a Borrower Subsidiary Guarantor shall own all Equity Interests in each of (a) the Arctic River Subsidiary, and the Arctic River Subsidiary shall own Vessel A, (b) the Amur River Subsidiary, and the Amur River Subsidiary shall own Vessel B, (c) the Clean Energy Subsidiary, and the Clean Energy Subsidiary shall own Vessel C, (d) the Lena River Subsidiary, and the Lena River Subsidiary shall own Vessel D, (e) the Ob River Subsidiary, and the Ob River Subsidiary shall own Vessel E, and (f) the Yenisei River Subsidiary, and the Yenisei River Subsidiary shall own Vessel F, in each case, free and clear of any Liens other than the Liens under the Loan Documents and Permitted Collateral Liens.
(g)            Financial Statements .  The Joint Global Coordinators shall have received (unless such information is publicly available on the SEC's EDGAR website) (i) GAAP audited consolidated balance sheets and related statements of income, stockholders' equity and cash flows of the Parent for the 2015 and 2016 fiscal years (and, to the extent available, the related unaudited consolidating financial statements), (ii) GAAP unaudited consolidated and (to the extent available) consolidating balance sheets and related statements of income, stockholders' equity and cash flows of the Parent for each subsequent fiscal quarter ended at least 90 days before the Closing Date and (iii) a management-prepared pro forma consolidated balance sheet and related pro forma consolidated statements of income and cash flows of the Parent as of and for the twelve-month period ending on the last day of the most recently completed four-fiscal quarter period for which financial statements have been delivered pursuant to clauses (i) and (ii) above, prepared after giving effect to the Transactions (including, without limitation, the Refinancings) as if the Transactions had occurred as of such date (in the case of such balance sheet) or at the beginning of such period (in the case of such other financial statements), which financial statements shall not be materially inconsistent with the forecasts previously provided to the Joint Global Coordinators.
(h)            Business Plan .  The Joint Global Coordinators shall have received a detailed business plan of the Parent, the Borrowers and the other Borrower Group Parties for the fiscal years 2017 through 2023 (including but not limited to quarterly projections for the first eight fiscal quarters ending after the Closing Date).
(i)            Approvals .  All necessary governmental (domestic and foreign) and third party approvals and/or consents in connection with the transactions contemplated hereby and by
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the other Loan Documents shall have been obtained and remain in effect, and all applicable waiting periods with respect thereto shall have expired without any action being taken by any competent authority which, in the reasonable judgment of the Joint Global Coordinators, restrains, prevents or imposes materially adverse conditions upon the consummation of the Transactions or the other transactions contemplated by the Loan Documents or otherwise referred to herein or therein.  On the Closing Date, there shall not exist any judgment, order, injunction or other restraint issued or filed or a hearing seeking injunctive relief or other restraint pending or notified prohibiting or imposing materially adverse conditions upon the Transactions or the other transactions contemplated by the Loan Documents or otherwise referred to herein or therein.
(j)            Solvency .  The Joint Global Coordinators shall have received a certificate from the chief financial officer of the Parent in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Joint Global Coordinators, addressed to the Administrative Agent and each of the Lenders and dated the Closing Date, certifying that (a) the Borrowers and their respective Subsidiaries, on a consolidated basis after giving effect to the Transactions, are solvent and (b) the Parent and its Subsidiaries, on a consolidated basis after giving effect to the Transactions, are solvent.
(k)            Ratings .  Each of the Parent and the Borrowers shall have received a public corporate credit rating by S&P and a public corporate family rating by Moody's, and the Borrowers shall have delivered evidence of such ratings to the Joint Global Coordinators.  The Loans shall have received a public rating by S&P and Moody's, and the Borrowers shall have delivered evidence of such ratings to the Joint Global Coordinators.  Each of the foregoing ratings shall be in effect as of the Closing Date.
(l)            Appraisal .  The Joint Global Coordinators shall have received two appraisals, reasonably acceptable to the Joint Global Coordinators, of each Vessel, each by a Qualified Appraiser.
(m)            Agent of Process .  The Joint Global Coordinators shall have received evidence, reasonably satisfactory to the Joint Global Coordinators, of the appointment of a process agent for the Borrowers and each Guarantor.
(n)            Secretary's or Assistant Secretary's Certificates .  The Joint Global Coordinators shall have received a certificate, dated the Closing Date and reasonably acceptable to the Joint Global Coordinators, signed by an Authorized Representative of each Loan Party, certifying (i) as to the incumbency and genuineness of the signature of each Loan Party executing Loan Documents to which it is a party and (ii) that attached thereto are true, correct and complete copies of (1) the articles or certificate of incorporation, formation or other organizational document, as applicable, of such Loan Party, and all amendments thereto, certified as of a recent date by the appropriate governmental officials in its jurisdiction of incorporation or formation, as applicable, (2) the bylaws or other governing documents, as applicable, of such Loan Party as in effect on the Closing Date and (3) resolutions duly authorized by the board of directors (or other governing body) of such Loan Party authorizing and approving the execution and delivery of, and performance under, this Agreement and the other Loan Documents to which such Loan Party is a party.
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(o)            Certificates of Good Standing .  The Joint Global Coordinators shall have received certificates as of a recent date of the good standing (or similar status) of each Loan Party under the laws of its jurisdiction of organization.
(p)            Opinions of Counsel .  The Joint Global Coordinators shall have received from (i) New York counsel to the Loan Parties (which shall be Seward & Kissel LLP or another law firm reasonably acceptable to the Joint Global Coordinators), an opinion covering such matters as the Joint Global Coordinators may reasonably request, (ii) Marshall Islands counsel to the Loan Parties (which shall be Seward & Kissel LLP or another law firm qualified to render an opinion as to Marshall Islands law reasonably acceptable to the Joint Global Coordinators), an opinion covering such matters as the Joint Global Coordinators may reasonably request, (iii) Liberian counsel to the Loan Parties (which shall be Seward & Kissel LLP or another law firm qualified to render an opinion as to the law of Liberia reasonably acceptable to the Joint Global Coordinators), an opinion covering such matters as the Joint Global Coordinators may reasonably request, (iv) Maltese counsel to the Loan Parties (which shall be Ganado Advocates or another law firm qualified to render an opinion as to the law of Malta reasonably acceptable to the Joint Global Coordinators), (v) Dutch counsel to the Joint Global Coordinators (which shall be NautaDutilh New York P.C. or another law firm qualified to render an opinion as to the law of the Netherlands reasonably acceptable to the Joint Global Coordinators), an opinion covering such matters as the Joint Global Coordinators may reasonably request, (vi) Swiss counsel to the Joint Global Coordinators (which shall be Homburger AG or another law firm qualified to render an opinion as to the law of Switzerland reasonably acceptable to the Joint Global Coordinators), an opinion covering such matters as the Joint Global Coordinators may reasonably request and (vii) England and Wales counsel to the Loan Parties (which shall be Holman Fenwick Willan LLP or another law firm qualified to render an opinion as to the law of England and Wales reasonably acceptable to the Joint Global Coordinators), an opinion covering such matters as the Joint Global Coordinators may reasonably request, each such opinion to be addressed to the Collateral Agent, the Administrative Agent and the Lenders (and expressly permitting reliance by permitted successors and assigns of the addressees thereof) and dated as of the Closing Date.
(q)            PATRIOT Act .  Each Loan Party shall have provided the documentation and other information to the Joint Global Coordinators and the Lenders that are required by regulatory authorities under the applicable "know your customer" and anti-money laundering rules and regulations, including the PATRIOT Act, at least five (5) Business Days in advance of the Closing Date.
(r)            Representations and Warranties .  The representations and warranties set forth in Section 6 hereof and in the other Loan Documents shall be true and correct in all material respects on and as of the Closing Date with the same effect as though made on and as of such date, except to the extent that such representations and warranties expressly relate to an earlier date, in which case they shall be true and correct in all material respects as of such earlier date; provided that any representation and warranty that is qualified as to "materiality," "Material Adverse Effect" or similar language shall be true and correct (after giving effect to any qualification therein) in all respects on such respective dates.
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(s)            No Default or Event of Default .  On the Closing Date, at the time of and immediately after giving effect to the Borrowing, no Default or Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing.
(t)            No Outstanding Indebtedness .  After giving effect to the Transactions, the Borrower and its Subsidiaries shall have outstanding no Indebtedness or Preferred Stock other than (i) the Loans made hereunder and (ii) other Permitted Debt.
(u)            Material Contracts .  The Joint Global Coordinators shall have received true and correct certified copies (together with any amendments) of all Material Contracts entered into by the Borrowers and the other Borrower Group Parties, including, but not limited to, the Existing Charters and any other Collateral Vessel Contracts.
(v)            Lien Searches .  The Joint Global Coordinators and the Collateral Agent shall have received the results of a recent lien search in each of the jurisdictions where the Loan Parties are organized or where assets of the Loan Parties are located (except with respect to any jurisdiction the laws of which do not provide for lien searches), and such search shall reveal no Liens on any of the assets of the Loan Parties except for Liens permitted by Section 7.13 or discharged on or prior to the Closing Date pursuant to documentation reasonably satisfactory to the Joint Global Coordinators.
(w)            Evidence of Insurance .  The Joint Global Coordinators shall have received an insurance consultant's report in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Joint Global Coordinators, a notice of assignment of insurance and a letter of undertaking from the Owner's Insurance Broker (which may be delivered within 30-days of the Closing Date) or, if such certificate cannot be obtained without undue effort, other evidence reasonably satisfactory to the Joint Global Coordinators that the insurance required to be maintained pursuant to Section 7.01 is in full force and effect.
(x)            Notice of Borrowing .  The Administrative Agent shall have received a Notice of Borrowing from the applicable Borrower in accordance with the terms hereof.
(y)            Compliance Certificate .  The Joint Global Coordinators shall have received a certificate, dated the Closing Date and signed by an Authorized Representative of the Parent, demonstrating that the Loan To Value Ratio as of the Closing Date does not exceed 65% (based on the appraisals delivered pursuant to Section 5.01(l)) .
SECTION 6.            Representations, Warranties and Agreements .
In order to induce the Lenders to enter into this Agreement and to make the Loans as provided herein, the Borrower and each other Borrower Group Party makes the following representations, warranties and agreements, in each case on the Closing Date, all of which shall survive the execution and delivery of this Agreement and the Notes and the making of the Loans.
6.01            Corporate/Limited Liability Company/Limited Partnership Status .  Each Borrower Group Party (a) is a duly organized or incorporated and validly existing corporation, limited liability company, limited partnership, company or other business entity, as the case may be, in good standing (or, if applicable in a foreign jurisdiction, enjoys the equivalent status under
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the laws of such jurisdiction of organization outside the United States) under the laws of the jurisdiction of its organization or incorporation, (b) has the corporate or other applicable power and authority to own, lease and operate its properties and assets and to transact the business in which it is engaged and presently proposes to engage in all material respects and (c) is duly qualified and is authorized to do business and is in good standing in each jurisdiction where the ownership, leasing or operation of its properties or the conduct of its business requires such qualifications, except for failures to be so qualified or in good standing which, either individually or in the aggregate, would not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.  Except to the extent permitted by this Agreement, no Borrower Group Party has taken any corporate action nor have any other steps been taken or legal proceedings been started or (to the best of its knowledge and belief) threatened in writing against any of them for winding up, or dissolution or for the appointment of a liquidator, administrator, receiver, administrative receiver, trustee or similar officer of any of them or any or all of their assets or revenues nor have they sought any other relief under any applicable insolvency or bankruptcy law.
6.02            Corporate Power and Authority .  Each Borrower Group Party has the corporate or other applicable power and authority to execute, deliver and perform its obligations under each of the Loan Documents to which it is party and has taken all necessary corporate or other applicable action to authorize the execution, delivery and performance by it of each such Loan Documents.  Each Borrower Group Party has duly executed and delivered each of the Loan Documents to which it is party, and each of such Loan Documents constitutes its legal, valid and binding obligation enforceable in accordance with its terms, except to the extent that the enforceability thereof may be limited by applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, fraudulent conveyance, reorganization, moratorium or other similar laws generally affecting creditors' rights and by equitable principles (regardless of whether enforcement is sought in equity or at law).
6.03            No Violation .  The Transactions, including the entrance into each applicable Loan Document and the performance of obligations thereunder, (a) will not contravene in any material respect any applicable provision of any law, statute, rule or regulation or any order, writ, injunction or decree of any court or governmental instrumentality, (b) will not conflict with or result in any breach of any terms, covenants, conditions or provisions of, or constitute a default under (nor would it, with notice or passage of time or both, constitute a violation of or default under), or result in the creation or imposition of (or the obligation to create or impose) any Lien (except pursuant to the Collateral Agreements) upon any of the properties or assets of the Borrower Group Parties pursuant to the terms of any indenture, mortgage, deed of trust, credit agreement or loan agreement, or any other agreement, contract or instrument, in each case to which a Borrower Group Party is a party or by which it or any of its properties or assets is bound or to which it may be subject other than, solely with respect to this Clause (b), any violation, default or Lien which would not, individually or in the aggregate, have a Material Adverse Effect or (c) will not violate any provision of the certificate or articles of incorporation or by-laws (or equivalent organizational documents) of any Borrower Group Party.
6.04            Governmental Approvals .  No order, consent, approval, license, authorization or validation of, or filing, recording, qualification or registration with (except for those that have otherwise been obtained or made on or prior to the Closing Date and are in full force and effect), or exemption by, any governmental or public body or authority, or any subdivision thereof, is
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required to be obtained or made by, or on behalf of, any Borrower Group Party to authorize, or is required to be obtained or made by, or on behalf of, any Borrower Group Party in connection with the execution, delivery and performance of any Loan Document other than any such order, consent, approval, license, authorization or valuation of, or filing, recording, qualification or registration where the failure to so obtain would, individually or in the aggregate, have a Material Adverse Effect.
6.05            Financial Statements; Financial Condition; Undisclosed Liabilities; etc .
(a)            The unaudited pro forma consolidated balance sheet of the Parent and its consolidated Subsidiaries as at December 31, 2016 (including the notes thereto) (the " Pro Forma Balance Sheet "), a copy of which has heretofore been furnished to each Lender, has been prepared giving effect (as if such events had occurred on such date) pursuant to Section 5.01(g)(iii) to (i) the Transactions, (ii) the Loans to be made on the Closing Date and the use of proceeds thereof and (iii) the payment of fees and expenses in connection with the foregoing.  The Pro Forma Balance Sheet has been prepared based on the best information available to the Parent as of the date of delivery thereof, and presents fairly, on a pro forma basis the estimated financial position of the Parent and its consolidated Subsidiaries as at December 31, 2016, assuming that the events specified in the preceding sentence had actually occurred at such date.
(b)            The audited and unaudited financial statements delivered pursuant to Section 5.01(g)(i) and (ii) present fairly in all material respects the consolidated financial position and the results of operations and cash flows of the Parent at the dates and for the periods to which they relate.  All of the foregoing historical financial statements have been prepared in accordance with GAAP, consistently applied throughout the periods involved, except as otherwise discussed therein and all adjustments necessary for a fair presentation of results for such periods have been made (except, in the case of the aforementioned quarterly financial statements, for normal year-end audit adjustments and the absence of footnotes).
(c)            On and as of the Closing Date, and after giving effect to the Transactions and the Liens created by the Borrower Group Parties in connection therewith, (i) the sum of the assets, at a fair valuation, of the Borrower Group Parties on a consolidated basis will exceed the sum of the stated liabilities and identified contingent liabilities, of the Borrower Group Parties on a consolidated basis, (ii) the sum of the assets, at a fair valuation, of the Borrower Group Parties on a consolidated basis will be greater than the amount that will be required to the liability of the Borrower Group Parties on their respective debts as such debts become obsolete and matured, (iii) the Borrower Group Parties on a consolidated basis will not have unreasonably small capital with which to conduct the businesses in which they are engaged as such businesses are now conducted and are proposed to be conducted following the Closing Date, (iv) the Borrower Group Parties will be able to pay their respective debts (contingent or otherwise) as they mature and (v) the Borrower Group Parties, taken as a whole, are not otherwise insolvent under the standards set forth in applicable law.
(d)            On and as of the Closing Date, and after giving effect to the Transactions and the Liens created by the applicable Loan Parties in connection therewith, (i) the sum of the assets, at a fair valuation, of the Parent and its Subsidiaries on a consolidated basis will exceed the sum of the stated liabilities and identified contingent liabilities, of the Parent and its
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Subsidiaries on a consolidated basis, (ii) the sum of the assets, at a fair valuation, of the Parent and its Subsidiaries on a consolidated basis will be greater than the amount that will be required to the liability of the Parent and its Subsidiaries on their respective debts as such debts become obsolete and matured, (iii) the Parent and its Subsidiaries on a consolidated basis will not have unreasonably small capital with which to conduct the businesses in which they are engaged as such businesses are now conducted and are proposed to be conducted following the Closing Date, (iv) the Parent and its Subsidiaries will be able to pay their respective debts (contingent or otherwise) as they mature and (v) the Parent and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, are not otherwise insolvent under the standards set forth in applicable law.
(e)            Except as fully disclosed in the financial statements referred to in Section 6.05(b) , there were as of the Closing Date no liabilities or obligations with respect to the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries of any nature whatsoever (whether absolute, accrued, contingent or otherwise and whether or not due) which, either individually or in the aggregate, could reasonably be expected to be material to the Borrower and its Subsidiaries taken as a whole.  As of the Closing Date, the Borrower does not know of any reasonable basis for the assertion against it or any of its Subsidiaries of any liability or obligation of any nature whatsoever that is not fully disclosed in the financial statements referred to in Section 6.05(b) which, either individually or in the aggregate, could reasonably be expected to be material to the Borrower and its Subsidiaries taken as a whole.
(f)            Except as fully disclosed in the financial statements referred to in Section 6.05(b) , there were as of the Closing Date no liabilities or obligations with respect to the Parent or any of its Subsidiaries of any nature whatsoever (whether absolute, accrued, contingent or otherwise and whether or not due) which, either individually or in the aggregate, could reasonably be expected to be material to the Parent and its Subsidiaries taken as a whole.  As of the Closing Date, the Borrower does not know of any reasonable basis for the assertion against the Parent or any of its Subsidiaries of any liability or obligation of any nature whatsoever that is not fully disclosed in the financial statements referred to in Section 6.05(b) which, either individually or in the aggregate, could reasonably be expected to be material to the Parent and its Subsidiaries taken as a whole.
(g)            On and as of the Closing Date, the Projections which have been delivered to the Lenders and the Agents on or prior to the Closing Date have been prepared in good faith based upon accounting principles consistent with the historical audited financial statements of the Parent and upon assumptions that were reasonable at the time made and at the time the related Projections were made available to the Lenders and the Agents, and there are no statements or conclusions in any of the Projections which are based upon or include information known to the Borrowers to be misleading in any material respect or which fail to take into account material information known to the Borrowers regarding the matters reported therein; it being recognized by the Lenders and Agents, however, that projections as to future events are not to be viewed as facts and that the actual results during the period or periods covered by the Projections may differ from the projected results.
(h)            Since December 31, 2016, there has been no change in the operations, business, properties, or financial condition of the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries taken as a
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whole that, individually or in the aggregate, has had, or would reasonably be expected to have, a Material Adverse Effect.
6.06            True and Complete Disclosure .  All information (taken as a whole), other than the Projections, furnished by or on behalf of the Parent or any of its Subsidiaries or any of their respective representatives to any Agent or Lender (including, without limitation, all information contained in the Loan Documents, the confidential information memorandum or any other document, certificate or statement) for purposes of or in connection with this Agreement, the other Loan Documents or any transaction contemplated herein or therein, and all other such factual information hereafter furnished by or on behalf of the Parent or any of its Subsidiaries to any Agent or Lender, when taken as a whole, is or will be, when furnished, complete and correct in all material respects, and does not or will not, when furnished, contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make such information not materially misleading in light of the circumstances under which such information was provided.
6.07            Use of Proceeds; Margin Regulations .
(a)            All proceeds of all Loans will be either used (i) to consummate the Refinancings; (ii) to pay fees and expenses incurred in connection with the Transactions; and (iii) with respect to the remaining proceeds of the Loans after giving effect to the foregoing applications, for general corporate purposes of the Parent, the Borrowers and the Borrower Subsidiary Guarantors.
(b)            Neither the Borrowers nor any of their Subsidiaries is engaged principally, or as one of its important activities, in the business of extending credit for the purpose of buying or carrying Margin Stock.  No proceeds of any Loan will be used for any purpose which will violate or be inconsistent with the provisions of the Margin Regulations.
6.08            Tax Returns; Payments; Tax Treatment .  The Borrowers and each of their respective Subsidiaries has timely filed with the appropriate taxing authority all material returns, statements, forms and reports for taxes or an extension therefor (the "Returns") required to be filed by, or with respect to the income, properties or operations of, the Borrower and/or any of its Subsidiaries.  The Returns accurately reflect in all material respects all liability for taxes of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries as a whole for the periods covered thereby.  Each of the Loan Parties and their respective Subsidiaries have paid all taxes and assessments required to be paid by it (including any Tax liabilities imposed under Section 887 of the Code), other than those that are being contested in good faith and for which an adequate reserve for accrual has been established in accordance with GAAP.  All tax liabilities of each of the Loan Parties and their respective Subsidiaries have been adequately provided for in the financial statements of the Parent and neither of the Borrowers know of any actual or proposed additional material tax assessments.  There is no action, suit, proceeding, investigation, audit or claim now pending or, to the knowledge of the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries, threatened by any authority regarding any taxes relating to the Loan Parties or any of their Subsidiaries that, if determined adversely to the Loan Parties or their Subsidiaries would, individually or in the aggregate, have, a Material Adverse Effect.  Borrower is treated as a corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes.  Each of the Borrower and Finco is treated as an entity disregarded from its owner for U.S. federal income tax purposes, and each of their regarded owners shall not be a U.S. Person
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and Finco and its regarded owner shall not engage in a U.S. trade or business for U.S. tax purposes.  No payment by or on account of any obligation of any Loan Party under any Loan Document shall be treated as income from sources within the United States for U.S. federal income tax purposes by reason of Section 884(f) of the Code or the Treasury Regulations promulgated thereunder.
6.09            Compliance with ERISA .
(a)            No ERISA Event has occurred which would reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect, nor has any event, condition or underfunding occurred with respect to any (i) Plan (whether or not terminated), (ii) "Multiemployer Plan" or (iii) plan or arrangement, whether or not terminated, which provides medical, health, life insurance or other welfare-type benefits to any retiree or other former employee (except for continued medical benefit coverage required to be provided under Section 4980B of the Code or as required under applicable state, local or other law) which, in any case, would reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.  Neither the Borrower nor any of its Subsidiaries is an entity whose underlying assets are "plan assets" (as defined in Section 3(42) of ERISA) subject to ERISA; no "reportable event" (as defined in ERISA) has occurred with respect to any Plan for which the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries would have any liability which would reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect; neither the Borrower nor any of its Subsidiaries has incurred, nor expects to incur, liability under Sections 412 or 4971 of the Code which would reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect; and each Plan for which the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries would have any liability that is intended to be qualified under Section 401(a) of the Code is so qualified in all material respects and nothing has occurred, whether by action or by failure to act, which would reasonably be expected to cause the loss of such qualification resulting in a Material Adverse Effect.
(b)            Each Foreign Pension Plan has been maintained in compliance in all material respects with its terms and with the requirements of any and all applicable laws, statutes, rules, regulations and orders and has been maintained, where required, in good standing with applicable regulatory authorities except for any noncompliance which would not reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect.  No liability to any applicable governmental authority in respect of any Foreign Pension Plan or to any Foreign Pension Plan or any related trust has been or is expected to be incurred by the Borrower, any Subsidiary of the Borrower or any ERISA Affiliate.  All contributions required to be made with respect to a Foreign Pension Plan have been timely made except for any noncompliance which would not reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect.  Neither the Borrower nor any of its Subsidiaries have incurred any obligation in connection with the termination of, or withdrawal from, any Foreign Pension Plan, except that which would not reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect.  The present value of the accrued benefit liabilities (whether or not vested) under each Foreign Pension Plan, determined as of the end of the Borrower's most recently ended fiscal year on the basis of then current actuarial assumptions, each of which is reasonable, did not (i) materially exceed the current value of the assets of such Foreign Pension Plan (other than a severance plan or similar arrangement providing for payments on termination of employment) allocable to such benefit liabilities or (ii) exceed the current value of the assets of a Foreign Pension Plan that is a severance plan or similar arrangement providing for payments on
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termination of employment, except that would not reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect.
6.10            Collateral; the Collateral Agreements .
(a)            The Borrower and each other Grantor owns the Collateral pledged by it, as applicable, under the Collateral Agreements, free and clear of any security interest, mortgage, pledge, lien, encumbrance or claim, other than Permitted Collateral Liens.  The Collateral Agreements, when duly executed and delivered in accordance with their terms by the parties thereto, will represent all of the collateral agreements, security agreements, guarantee agreements, pledge agreements and other similar agreements necessary to grant a valid, legally binding and enforceable first-priority security interest in the Collateral, subject to Permitted Collateral Liens and the terms of any Intercreditor Agreement, in favor of the Collateral Agent, for the benefit of the Lender Creditors.
(b)            The Collateral Documents are effective to create in favor of the Collateral Agent for the benefit of the Lender Creditors legal, valid and enforceable Liens on, and security interests in, the Collateral governed thereby and, when financing statements are filed in the offices specified on Schedule 6.10 , the Liens created by the Collateral Documents shall constitute fully perfected first-priority Liens on, and security interests in, all right, title and interest of the grantors in such Collateral (other than such Collateral in which a security interest cannot be perfected under the UCC as in effect at the relevant time in the relevant jurisdiction by the filing of a financing statement or by possession or control by the Collateral Agent), in each case subject to no Liens other than Permitted Collateral Liens.
(c)            Upon proper filing in the appropriate filing offices or recording at the Marshall Islands Shipping Registry and the Malta Shipping Registry, as applicable, the Ship Mortgages will create valid, perfected and enforceable first preferred mortgages on Vessel A, Vessel B, Vessel C, Vessel D, Vessel E and Vessel F securing the payment of the Secured Obligations in accordance with the terms thereof and upon such filing, Vessel A, Vessel B, Vessel C, Vessel D, Vessel E and Vessel F will be free and clear of all security interests, mortgages, pledges, liens, encumbrances and claims of record, except for the Ship Mortgages and Permitted Collateral Liens.
(d)            Each other Collateral Agreement delivered on the Closing Date or pursuant to Section 7.07 will, upon execution and delivery thereof, be effective to create in favor of the Collateral Agent for the benefit of the Lender Creditors legal, valid and enforceable first-priority Liens on, and security interests in all of the Borrower and each other Grantors' right, title and interest in and to the Collateral governed thereby, subject to Permitted Collateral Liens, and (i) when all appropriate filings or recordings are made in the appropriate offices as may be required under applicable law and (ii) upon the taking of possession or control by the Collateral Agent of such Collateral with respect to which a security interest may be perfected only by possession or control (which possession or control shall be given to the Collateral Agent, to the extent required by any Collateral Agreements), in each case as and to the extent required by the Collateral Agreements, the Liens created by such Collateral Agreements will constitute fully perfected first-priority Liens on, and security interests in, all right, title and interest of the Borrower and each other Grantor in such Collateral (other than such Collateral in which a
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security interest cannot be perfected under the UCC as in effect at the relevant time in the relevant jurisdiction by the filing of a financing statement or by possession or control by the Collateral Agent), in each case subject to no Liens other than the applicable Permitted Collateral Liens.
6.11            Capitalization .  As of the Closing Date, all of the Capital Stock of each Loan Party (other than the Parent) is legally and Beneficially Owned as set forth on Schedule 6.11 .  Except as set forth on Schedule 6.11 , all such outstanding Equity Interests of the Borrowers and its Subsidiaries have been duly and validly issued, are fully paid and non-assessable and have been issued free of preemptive rights.
6.12            Subsidiaries .  On the Closing Date, (a) the Borrower shall have no Subsidiaries other than the Subsidiaries listed on Schedule 6.12 (which Schedule identifies the correct legal name, direct owner, percentage ownership and jurisdiction of organization of each such Subsidiary of the Borrower on the Closing Date) and (b) all of the Borrowers' Subsidiaries are Borrower Subsidiary Guarantors.
6.13            Compliance with Statutes, etc .  Each of the Borrower Group Parties is in compliance with all applicable material statutes, regulations, judgments, international treaties or conventions and orders of, and all applicable restrictions imposed by, all governmental bodies, domestic or foreign, in respect of the conduct of its business and the ownership of its property.
6.14            Investment Company Act .  None of the Loan Parties is an "investment company" or a company "controlled" by an "investment company," within the meaning of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended and the rules and regulations thereunder.
6.15            Legal Names; Type of Organization (and Whether a Registered Organization); Jurisdiction of Organization; etc Schedule 6.15 sets forth, as of the Closing Date, the legal name of the Loan Parties, the type of organization of the Loan Parties, whether or not each Loan Party is a registered organization, the jurisdiction of organization of each Loan Party and the organizational identification number (if any) of each Loan Party.
6.16            Environmental Matters .
(a)            Except for instances that would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect, (i) each Borrower Group Party is and has been in compliance with all Environmental Laws and has obtained and complied with all the permits, licenses, registrations and approvals required under Environmental Laws, (ii) there are no pending or, to the knowledge of any Borrower Group Party, threatened Environmental Claims against or affecting any Borrower Group Party or any Vessel, Real Property or other facility owned, leased or operated by any Borrower Group Party (including any such claim to the extent known by any Borrower Group Party to exist and arising out of the ownership, lease or operation by any Borrower Group Party of any Vessel, Real Property or other facility formerly owned, leased or operated by any Borrower Group Party but no longer owned, leased or operated by the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries), (iii) no Borrower Group Party has become subject to any liability, obligation or cost pursuant to Environmental Law and (iv) there are no facts, circumstances, conditions or occurrences in respect of the business or operations of any
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Borrower Group Party as currently conducted or planned (or, to the knowledge of any Borrower Group Party, any of their respective predecessors) or any Vessel, Real Property or other facility currently owned or operated by any Borrower Group Party (or, to the knowledge of any Borrower Group Party, any Borrower Group Parties' formerly owned or operated Vessel, Real Property or other facility) that could form the basis of an Environmental Claim against any Borrower Group with respect to any Borrower Group Party or any Vessel, Real Property or other facility owned or operated by any Borrower Group Party, or to cause such Vessel, Real Property or other facility owned or operated by any Borrower Group Party to be subject to any restrictions on its ownership, occupancy, use or transferability under any Environmental Law.
(b)            Hazardous Materials have at all times been generated, used, treated or stored on, or transported to or from, or Released on, under, to or from, any Vessel, Real Property or other facility owned, leased or operated by any Borrower Group Party in a manner so as not to result in liability under Environmental Laws applicable to the country in which each Vessel operates against any Borrower Group Party, except where such liability, either individually or in the aggregate, would not reasonably be likely to have a Material Adverse Effect.
(c)            All of the Vessels comply with all Environmental Laws, and no cost is required to maintain such compliance or, to the knowledge of any Borrower Group Party, to achieve compliance with pending requirements under Environmental Laws except such noncompliance or costs as would not reasonably be expected, individually or in the aggregate, to have a Material Adverse Effect.  Each Borrower Group Party has made all required payments to statutory environmental insurance schemes required under Environmental Law and other environmental insurance schemes applicable to such Borrower Group Party except such failure to make payments as would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.
6.17            No Default or Event of Default .  None of the Borrower Group Parties is in default under or with respect to any indenture, mortgage, deed of trust, charter, credit agreement or loan agreement, or any other agreement, permit, contract or instrument, in each case to which such Borrower Group Party is a party or by which it or any of its property or assets is bound or to which it may be subject, except for such defaults as would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.  No Default or Event of Default has occurred and is continuing.
6.18            Patents, Licenses, Franchises and Formulas .  The Borrower and its Subsidiaries own, or have the right to use, all patents, trademarks, trade secrets, service marks, trade names, copyrights, licenses, franchises, know-how (including trade secrets and other unpatented and unpatentable proprietary or confidential information, systems or procedures) and other intellectual property rights necessary to carry on their business in all material respects; the Borrower has not received any written communications alleging that the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries has violated, infringed or conflicted with or, by conducting its business as currently conducted would violate, infringe or conflict with, any intellectual property of any other person or entity.
6.19            Anti-Corruption Laws .  None of the Loan Parties or any director, officer, or employee of a Loan Party, or, to the Borrower's knowledge, any affiliate or agent of a Loan
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Party, has taken any action, directly or indirectly, that would result in a violation by any such Persons of Anti-Corruption Laws, including, without limitation, making use of the mails or any means or instrumentality of interstate commerce corruptly in furtherance of an offer, payment, promise to pay or authorization of the payment of any money, or other property, gift, promise to give, or authorization of the giving of anything of value to any "foreign official" (as such term is defined in the FCPA) or any non-U.S. political party or official thereof or any candidate for non-U.S. political office, in contravention of any Anti-Corruption Law and the Loan Parties and their affiliates have conducted their businesses in compliance with Anti-Corruption Laws and have instituted and maintain policies and procedures designed to promote and achieve, and which are reasonably expected to continue to promote and achieve, continued compliance therewith.
6.20            Insurance .  The Borrower and each of its Subsidiaries carry, or are covered by, insurance (which term as used herein shall include membership in Protection & Indemnity clubs) in such amounts and covering such risks as is adequate for the conduct of their respective businesses and the value of their respective Vessels and properties and as is customary for companies engaged in similar businesses, and all such insurance is in full force and effect.  There are no material claims by the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries under any insurance policy or instrument as to which any insurance company is denying liability or defending under a reservation of rights clause.  Neither the Borrower nor any of its Subsidiaries has received written notice from any insurer or agent of such insurer that any material capital improvements or other material expenditures are required or necessary to be made in order to continue such insurance.  The Borrower has no reason to believe that any insurer providing coverage to the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries is not financially sound or that it or any of its Subsidiaries will not be able (i) to renew its existing insurance coverage as and when such policies expire, or (ii) to obtain comparable coverage from similar institutions as may be necessary or appropriate to conduct its business as now conducted and at a cost that would not result in a Material Adverse Effect.  Neither the Borrower nor any of its Subsidiaries has been denied any insurance coverage which it has sought or for which it has applied in any material respect.
6.21            Collateral Vessels .
(a)            The name, registered owner and official number, and jurisdiction of registration and flag of each Collateral Vessel are set forth on Schedule 6.21 .  Each Collateral Vessel is operated in all material respects in compliance with all applicable laws, rules and regulations.  Each Collateral Vessel has been duly registered under the laws and regulation and flag of the jurisdiction set forth opposite its name on Schedule 6.21 , and no other action is necessary to establish and perfect such entity's title to and interest in such vessel as against any employment contractor or third party.  Each Collateral Vessel is covered by all such insurance as is required in accordance with the requirements of the respective Ship Mortgage and Section 7.01 .
(b)            Each Borrower Group Party which owns or operates or which will own or operate one or more Collateral Vessels is qualified to own and operate such Collateral Vessel under the laws of its jurisdiction of incorporation and its relevant flag state.  Each Collateral Vessel is classed by any of Lloyd's Register of Shipping, American Bureau of Shipping, Det Norske Veritas, Bureau Veritas or a classification society that is a full member of the
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International Association of Classification Societies and each Collateral Vessel is in class with valid class and trading certificates, without any overdue recommendations.
6.22            Properties .  Except as described on Schedule 6.22 , each Borrower Group Party has good and marketable title to all the properties and assets owned by it, including any leasehold interests in such property are subject to no Lien except Permitted Liens (or, in the case of any Lien on Collateral, Permitted Collateral Liens).  All of the leases, subleases, employment contracts, charters, newbuilding contracts and options to acquire additional contracts that are material to the business of the Borrower Group Parties, and under which the Borrower Group Parties hold properties reflected in the financial statements are valid, enforceable and in full force and effect, and none of the Borrower Group Parties has any notice of any material claim of any sort that has been asserted by anyone adverse to the rights of the Borrower Group Parties under any of the leases or contracts mentioned above, or affecting or questioning the rights of the Borrower Group Parties to the continued possession of the lease, subleased or contracted property under any such lease, sublease, employment contract, charter, newbuilding contract or option to acquire additional contracts.
6.23            Anti-Terrorism .
(a)            The operations of the Loan Parties are and have been conducted at all times in compliance with all applicable financial recordkeeping and reporting requirements, including those of the Currency and Foreign Transactions Reporting Act of 1970, as amended, the Bank Secrecy Act, as amended by the PATRIOT Act, and the applicable anti-money laundering statutes of jurisdictions where the Loan Parties conduct business, the rules and regulations thereunder and any related or similar rules, regulations or guidelines, issued, administered or enforced by any governmental agency (collectively, the " Anti-Money Laundering Laws "), and no action, suit or proceeding by or before any court or governmental agency, authority or body or any arbitrator involving the Loan Parties with respect to the Anti-Money Laundering Laws is pending or, to the best knowledge of the Borrower, threatened.
(b)            (i) None of the Loan Parties or, to the Borrower's knowledge, any director, officer, employee, affiliate, agent or representative of the Loan Parties, is a Person that is, or is owned 50 percent or more in the aggregate or controlled by or acting on behalf of a Person that is:
(A)            the subject of any trade, economic or sectoral sanctions administered or enforced by the United States (including but not limited to those administered or enforced by the U.S. Department of Treasury's Office of Foreign Assets Control or the U.S, Department of State), the United Nations Security Council, the European Union, Her Majesty's Treasury or other relevant sanctions authority (collectively, " Sanctions "), or
(B)            located, organized or resident in a country or territory that is the subject of Sanctions (including, without limitation, Cuba, Iran, North Korea, Sudan, Syria, and the Crimea region of Ukraine)(collectively, " Sanctioned Country ").
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(ii)            The Borrower represents and covenants that it has not engaged in, is not now engaged in and will not engage in any dealings or transactions, directly or indirectly, with any Person, or in any country or territory, that at the time of the dealing or transaction was, to the Borrower's knowledge, the subject of Sanctions.
(iii)            The Borrower will maintain in effect and enforce policies and procedures designed to ensure compliance by the Borrower, its Subsidiaries and their respective directors, officers, employees and agents with Anti-Corruption Laws and applicable Sanctions.
(iv)            The Borrower will not request any Borrowing, and the Borrower shall not use, and shall procure that its Subsidiaries and its or their respective directors, officers, employees and agents shall not use, the proceeds of any Borrowing (a) in furtherance of an offer, payment, promise to pay, or authorization of the payment or giving of money, or anything else of value, to any Person in violation of any Anti-Corruption Laws in any material respect, (b) for the purpose of funding, financing or facilitating any activities, business or transaction of or with any Person that is the subject of Sanctions or in any Sanctioned Country to the extent such activities, business or transaction would be prohibited by Sanctions if conducted by a corporation incorporated in the United States or in a European member state, or (c) in any manner that would result in the violation of any Sanctions applicable to any party hereto.
6.24            Form of Documentation .  Each of the Loan Documents is or, when executed, will be in proper legal form under the laws of the jurisdiction which governs such documents for the enforcement thereof under such laws, as applicable, subject only to such matters which may affect enforceability arising under the law of the State of New York.  To ensure the legality, validity, enforceability or admissibility in evidence of each such Loan Document under the laws of the jurisdiction which governs such document, it is not necessary that any Loan Document or any other document be filed or recorded with any court or other authority in such applicable permitted jurisdiction, except as have been made, or will be made.
6.25            Place of Business .  None of the Borrower Group Parties has a place of business in any jurisdiction which requires any of the Collateral Agreements to be filed or registered in that jurisdiction to ensure the validity of the Collateral Agreements to which it is a party unless all such filings and registrations have been made or will be made.
6.26            No Immunity .  None of the Borrower Group Parties is a sovereign entity or has immunity on the grounds of sovereignty or otherwise has any immunity from the jurisdiction of any court or from any legal process under the laws of the United States, the Republic of the Marshall Islands or the Republic of Malta or any political subdivisions thereof.  A final and conclusive judgment for a sum of money obtained in a court in any jurisdiction inside or outside the United States arising out of or in connection with any Loan Document would be enforceable against the relevant Borrower Group Party in the courts of the Republic of the Marshall Islands or the Republic of Malta.
6.27            Labor Matters .  No labor dispute with the employees of any Borrower Group Party exists or, to the knowledge of any Borrower Group Party, is imminent, and no Borrower Group Party is aware of any existing or imminent labor disturbance by the employees of any
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Borrower Group Parties' principal suppliers, manufacturers, customers or contractors, which, in either case, would result in a Material Adverse Effect.
6.28            Existence .  (a) Each of the Borrower Group Parties, that is incorporated under the laws of the Republic of the Marshall Islands is a "non-resident corporation" under the laws of the Republic of the Marshall Islands, as such term is utilized in The Business Corporations Act and the Secured Transactions Act of 2007 and (b) the Borrower Group Party which is organized and existing under the laws of Malta is domiciled in the Republic of Malta with a registered office situated in the Republic of Malta as defined in the Companies Act (Chapter 386 Laws of Malta).
6.29            Litigation .  There is no action, suit, claim, investigation or proceeding pending or, to the knowledge of any Borrower Group Party, threatened against any Borrower Group Party or to which any of the properties or assets of any Borrower Group Party is subject before any court, arbitrator or administrative or governmental agency that, if determined adversely to any Borrower Group Party, would, individually or in the aggregate, have a Material Adverse Effect.
6.30            Agreements .  Set forth on Schedule 6.30 is a true and complete list of all Material Contracts of the Borrower Group Parties in effect on the Closing Date.  Except as otherwise set forth on Schedule 6.30 , as of the Closing Date, to the knowledge of the Borrower Group Parties, each such Material Contract is in full force and effect and none of the parties thereto is in default in the performance, observance or fulfillment of any of the obligations, covenants or conditions contained in any such Material Contract, and no condition exists that, with the giving of notice or the lapse of time or both, could constitute such a default.  No Borrower Group Party is a party to any agreement or instrument that, individually or in the aggregate, has had or would reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.
SECTION 7.            Covenants .  The Borrower and each of its Subsidiaries covenant and agree that from and after the Closing Date and until all Loans, together with interest, Fees and all other Loan Document Obligations (other than indemnities described in Section 10.13 which are not then due and payable) incurred hereunder and thereunder, are paid in full:
7.01            Maintenance of Property; Insurance .
(a)            The Borrower will, and will cause each of its Subsidiaries to, (i) keep all material property necessary to the business of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries in good working order and condition (ordinary wear and tear and loss or damage by casualty or condemnation excepted) with such exceptions as would not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect and (ii) furnish to the Administrative Agent, at the written request of the Administrative Agent, copies of the insurance carried on the Collateral Vessels.
(b)            The Borrower will, and will cause each of its Subsidiaries to:
(i)            insure and keep each Collateral Vessel insured or cause or procure each Collateral Vessel to be insured and to be kept insured at no expense to the Administrative Agent or the Collateral Agent in regard to (collectively, the " Insurances "):
(A)            hull and machinery (including increased value insurance and freight interest insurances, if any);
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(B)            war risks (including common conditions and exclusions);
(C)            protection and indemnity risks (including vessel pollution risks);
(D)            mortgagee's interest risks (including additional perils pollution); and
(E)            such other insurances as a prudent owner of similar vessels of the same age and type would obtain or would legally be required to obtain when operating in the same trade and geographic area as such Collateral Vessel, as well as any insurances required to meet the requirements of the jurisdiction where such Collateral Vessel is employed;
provided that neither the Borrower nor any of its Subsidiaries shall be required to procure or maintain any insurance otherwise required to be procured or maintained under this clause (i), if such insurance is not commercially available in the commercial insurance market; provided further that the Insurances referred to in Section 7.01(b)(i)(A) shall not be required to exceed, in the aggregate for all Collateral Vessels, 110% of the outstanding amount of the Loans (i.e. the Insurances referred to in Section 7.01(b)(i)(A) for any Collateral Vessel shall not be required to exceed an amount that is equal to the quotient of (x) 110% of the outstanding amount of the Loans, divided by (y) the number of Collateral Vessels at the time of determination); provided   further that the Insurances referred to in Sections 7.01(b)(i) shall be maintained in a manner consistent with the applicable Insurances in place on the Closing Date and consistent with insurance obtained by similarly situated vessel owners engaged in the same or similar business;
(ii)            effect the Insurances or cause or procure the same to be effected:
(A)            in such amounts and upon such terms and with such deductibles as shipowners engaged in the same or similar business and similarly situated would deem commercially prudent under the circumstances; and
(B)            through the owner's approved broker (the " Owner's Insurance Broker ") and reputable independent insurance companies and/or underwriters carrying insurer financial strength ratings of no less than B+ from Standard & Poor's or a similar ratings from another recognized ratings agency (including mutual insurance schemes and /or captive insurance schemes) in Europe, North America, the Far East and other established insurance markets except that the insurances against protection and indemnity risks may be effected by the entry of the Collateral Vessels with protection and indemnity associations which are members of the IGA or, if the IGA has disbanded and there is no successor or replacement body of associations, other leading protection and indemnity associations and the insurances against war risks may be effected by the entry of the Collateral Vessel with leading war risks associations (hereinafter called the " Insurers ");
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(iii)            renew or replace all such Insurances or cause or procure the same to be renewed or replaced before the relevant policies or contracts expire and to procure that the Owner's Insurance Broker and/or the relevant protection and indemnity association or war risks association shall promptly confirm in writing to the Collateral Agent, upon its request, as and when each such renewal or replacement is effected;
(iv)            duly and punctually pay, or cause duly and punctually to be paid, all premiums, calls, contributions or other sums payable in respect of all such Insurances, to produce or to cause to be produced all relevant receipts when so required by the Collateral Agent and duly and punctually to perform and observe or to cause duly and punctually to be performed and observed any other obligations and conditions under all such Insurances.  In the event that the Borrower does not procure insurance required herein, the Collateral Agent may procure the required insurance and invoice the Borrower for amounts due;
(v)            require the insurers to notify the Collateral Agent no less than 30 days prior to the event of cancellation or 7 days if cancellation is due to non-payment of premium;
(vi)            procure that all policies, binders, cover notes or other instruments of the Insurances referred to in Section 7.01(b)(i)(A) , (B) and (C) above shall be taken out in the name of the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries, with the Collateral Agent being covered under such policies as a co-assured, and shall incorporate a loss payable clause naming the Collateral Agent as loss payee prepared in compliance with the terms of the Insurance Assignment;
(vii)            procure that, upon request of the Collateral Agent, copies of such instruments of Insurances shall be from time to time delivered to the Collateral Agent after receipt by the Borrower or a Subsidiary thereof;
(viii)            not employ any Collateral Vessel or suffer any Collateral Vessel to be employed otherwise than in conformity with the terms of all policies, bindings, cover notes or other instruments of the Insurances (including any warranties express or implied therein) without first obtaining the written consent of the Insurers to such employment (if required by such Insurers) and complying with such requirements as to extra premiums or otherwise as the Insurers may prescribe;
(ix)            cause any proceeds in respect of the Insurances referred to in paragraph (i) above (except clause (D) and, if an Event of Default has occurred and is continuing, clause (C) and, as applicable, (F) of such paragraph) to be paid to the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries that then owns the Collateral Vessel (subject to provisions as to named insureds, additional insureds and loss payees in favor of the Collateral Agent as required by this Section 7.01(b) ); and
(x)            upon the request of the Collateral Agent, do all reasonable things necessary and execute and deliver all documents and instruments, to enable the Collateral Agent to collect or recover any moneys to become due in respect of the Insurances.
7.02            Existence; Conduct of Business .  The Borrower shall, and shall cause each of its Subsidiaries to, do or cause to be done all things necessary to preserve and keep in full force and
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effect its legal existence and the rights, licenses, permits, privileges, franchises, patents, copyrights, trademarks and trade names material to the conduct of the business of (a) the Borrower and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole or (b) the Borrower and the Borrower Subsidiary Guarantors, taken as a whole; provided that the foregoing shall not prohibit any merger, consolidation, liquidation or dissolution permitted under Section 7.14 .
7.03            Operation of Collateral Vessels .  The Borrower shall cause each of its Subsidiaries that owns or operates, or will own or operate, one or more Collateral Vessels to, at all times while owning or operating such Collateral Vessels, operate or cause such Collateral Vessel to be operated in a manner consistent with prudent industry practices.
7.04            Payment of Obligations .  The Borrower shall, and shall cause each of its Subsidiaries to, pay its material obligations (other than Indebtedness and any Hedging Obligations), including Tax liabilities (including any Tax liabilities imposed under Section 887 of the Code), before the same shall become delinquent or in default, except where (a) the validity or amount thereof is being contested in good faith by appropriate proceedings, (b) the Borrower or such Subsidiary has set aside on its books adequate reserves with respect thereto in accordance with GAAP, (c) such contest effectively suspends collection of the contested obligation and the enforcement of any Lien securing such obligation and (d) the failure to make payment pending such contest could not reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect.  The Borrower Group Parties shall maintain the status of Finco as an entity disregarded from its owner for U.S. federal income tax purposes and the status of its regarded owner as not a U.S. Person and shall ensure Finco and its regarded owner are not engaged in a U.S. trade or business for U.S. tax purposes.  The Borrower Group Parties shall ensure that no payment by or on account of any obligation of any Loan Party under any Loan Document shall be treated as income from sources within the United States for U.S. federal income tax purposes by reason of Section 884(f) of the Code or the Treasury Regulations promulgated thereunder.
7.05            Reports .
(a)            The Borrower shall furnish to the Administrative Agent for distribution to the Lenders, or, in the case of clause (iv), to the relevant Lender, so long as any Loans are outstanding:
(i)            within 90 days after the end of each of the first three fiscal quarters in each fiscal year, quarterly reports on Form 6-K (or any successor form) of the Parent containing the Parent's unaudited quarterly consolidated financial statements (including a balance sheet and statement of income, changes in stockholders' equity and cash flow) and a Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (the "MD&A ") (or equivalent disclosure) as of the end of such fiscal quarter (on a cumulative year-to-date basis) (with comparable financial statements for the corresponding year-to-date period of the immediately preceding fiscal year) commencing with the quarterly period ending June 30, 2017;
(ii)            within 120 days after the end of each fiscal year, commencing with the fiscal year ending December 31, 2017, an annual report on Form 20-F (or any successor form) of the Parent containing the information required to be contained therein (including the
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Parent's audited consolidated financial statements, a report thereon by the Parent's certified independent accountants and an MD&A) for such fiscal year, which report shall be prepared in accordance with generally accepted auditing standards and shall not be subject to any "going concern" or like qualification or exception or any qualification or exception as to the scope of such audit other than as may be required solely as a result of the current maturity of any Indebtedness;
(iii)            promptly following any Lender's request therefor (such request to be made through the Administrative Agent), all documentation and other information that such Lender reasonably requests in order to comply with its ongoing obligations under applicable "know your customer" and anti-money laundering or terrorist financing rules and regulations, including the Patriot Act;
(iv)            as promptly as reasonably practicable from time to time following the Administrative Agent's request therefor or from any Lender through the Administrative Agent, such other information regarding the operations, business affairs and financial condition of any Loan Party, or compliance with the terms of any Loan Document, as the Administrative Agent may reasonably request; and
(v)            at or prior to such times as would be required to be filed or furnished to the SEC if the Parent was then a "foreign private issuer" subject to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Exchange Act (whether or not the Parent is then subject to such requirements), all such other reports and information that the Parent would have been required to file or furnish pursuant thereto.
(b)            All such reports will be prepared in all material respects in accordance with all of the rules and regulations applicable to such reports.  The quarterly and annual reports will include a reasonably detailed presentation (consistent with such information provided in the confidential information memorandum provided in connection with the syndication of the Term Loans), either in the MD&A or otherwise, including consolidated information with respect to the total assets, total debt, total cash, total adjusted EBITDA (to be calculated in accordance with the methodology used in the annual report on Form 20-F filed by the Parent with the SEC for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2016), revenues and net income of the Borrowers and the other Borrower Group Parties, separate from the financial condition and results of operations of the Parent and its Subsidiaries.  In addition, the Borrower shall cause the Parent to electronically file or furnish, as the case may be, a copy of all such information and reports referred to in clauses (i) and (ii) of Section 7.05(a) with the SEC for public availability within the time periods specified therein at any time the Parent is then subject to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Exchange Act and make such information available to the Lenders upon request.  The Borrower shall be deemed to have furnished such reports referred to above to the Administrative Agent and the Lenders if the Parent has filed such reports with the SEC via the EDGAR filing system and such reports are publicly available.  If, notwithstanding the foregoing, the SEC will not accept the Parent's filings for any reason, the Borrower shall cause the Parent to post the reports referred to in Section 7.05(a)(i) on its website within the time periods that would apply to non-accelerated filers if the Parent were required to file those reports with the SEC, provided that the Administrative Agent will have no responsibility to monitor whether such posting has occurred.  The Borrower agrees that, for so long as any Loans remain outstanding, the Parent will hold and
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participate in quarterly conference calls (by way of the Parent's quarterly earnings calls) relating to the financial condition and results of operations of the Parent and the Borrower Group Parties.
7.06            Notices of Material Events .  The Borrower shall furnish to the Administrative Agent, which shall furnish to each Lender and Secured Counterparty, to the extent applicable, prompt written notice of the following:
(a)            within 5 Business Days of any of its Authorized Representatives becoming aware of any Default or Event of Default, with a written statement specifying such Default or Event of Default and what action the Borrower is taking or proposes to take with respect thereto;
(b)            the filing or commencement of any action, suit or proceeding by or before any arbitrator or Governmental Authority against or, to the knowledge of a Financial Officer or another executive officer of the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries, affecting any Borrower Group Party, Parent or any other Guarantor, or any adverse development in any such pending action, suit or proceeding affecting any Borrower Group Party, Parent or any other Guarantor not previously disclosed in writing by the Borrower to the Administrative Agent, that in each case could reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect or that in any manner questions the validity of this Agreement or any other Loan Document;
(c)            the occurrence or, or upon any of its Authorized Representatives becoming aware of the forthcoming occurrence of, one or more ERISA Events which could, individually or in the aggregate reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect;
(d)            any change in the ratings of the credit facilities made available under this Agreement by S&P or Moody's, or any notice from either such agency indicating it has placed the Parent, the Borrowers or such credit facilities on a "CreditWatch" or "WatchList" or any similar list, in each case with negative implications, or its cessation of, or its intent to cease, rating such credit facilities;
(e)            any casualty or other damage to any material portion of the Collateral or the commencement of any action or proceeding for the taking of any material portion of or any material interest in the Collateral under power of eminent domain or by condemnation or by arrest or similar proceeding;
(f)            (i) any counterparty to any Material Contract notifies the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries that the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries has breached or failed to comply with any of its covenants and obligations under any Material Contract, to the extent such breach or failure to comply would reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect, or (ii) any Material Contract is entered into by the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries, and, in the case of clause (i), with an explanation of any actions being taken by the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries with respect thereto and, in the case of clause (ii), with a copy of such Material Contract (to the extent the delivery thereof is not prohibited under the terms of such Material Contract (other than any such prohibition that shall have been agreed to by the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries with the intent of avoiding compliance with this Section 7.06(f)); and
(g)            any development (including notice of any Environmental Liability) that has resulted, or would reasonably be expected to result, in a Material Adverse Effect.
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Each notice delivered under this Section 7.06 shall be accompanied by a written statement of a Financial Officer or other executive officer of the Borrower setting forth the details of the event or development requiring such notice and any action taken or proposed to be taken with respect thereto.
7.07            Filings; Additional Guarantors; Further Assurances .
(a)            The Borrower and its Subsidiaries hereby authorize the Collateral Agent to file one or more financing or continuation statements under the UCC (or any non-U.S. equivalent thereto), and amendments thereto, relative to all or any part of the Collateral, at the sole cost and expense of the Loan Parties, without the signature of the Borrower or any other Loan Party, where permitted by law.  The Collateral Agent will promptly send the Borrower a copy of any financing or continuation statements that it may file without the signature of the Borrower or any other Loan Party and the filing or recordation information with respect thereto.  None of the Loan Parties will take any action or omit to take any action, which action or omission could reasonably be expected to have the result of materially impairing the security interest with respect to the Collateral for the benefit of the Lender Creditors except as expressly set forth herein or in any Collateral Agreement.
(b)            If, after the Closing Date, any Subsidiary of the Borrower is formed, acquired or otherwise becomes subject to the Collateral and Guarantee Requirement, the Borrower will take all steps necessary, within 30 days of the date on which such Subsidiary is formed, acquired or otherwise becomes subject to the requirements of the Collateral and Guarantee Requirement, to cause the Collateral and Guarantee Requirement in respect of such Subsidiary to be and remain satisfied at all times, including the execution and delivery of supplements to the Guarantee Agreement and the delivery of legal opinions reasonably requested by the Administrative Agent or the Collateral Agent, as applicable.
(c)            If property constituting Collateral is acquired by any Grantor, the Borrower or any other Borrower Group Party and such property is not automatically subject to a first-priority perfected Lien in favor of the Collateral Agent under the Collateral Agreements, then such Grantor, the Borrower or such other Borrower Group Party will, as soon as practicable after the acquisition of such property (and, in any event, within 30 days thereafter), (i) grant to the Collateral Agent a first-priority perfected Lien over such property subject to Permitted Collateral Liens, (ii) take all other necessary steps to perfect the first-priority perfected Lien in favor of the Collateral Agent as and to the extent required by the Collateral Agreements subject to Permitted Collateral Liens.
(d)            The Borrower shall furnish to the Administrative Agent and the Collateral Agent prompt written notice of any change (i) in the legal name of any Borrower Group Party and any other Grantor, as set forth in its organizational documents, (ii) in the jurisdiction of organization or the form of organization of any Borrower Group Party and any other Grantor (including as a result of any merger or consolidation), or (iii) in the organizational identification number, if any, or, with respect to a Borrower Group Party and any other Grantor organized under the laws of a jurisdiction that requires such information to be set forth on the face of a UCC financing statement, the Federal Taxpayer Identification Number of such Person.  The Borrower shall not, and shall not permit any Borrower Group Party or any other Grantor to,
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effect or permit any change referred to in the preceding sentence unless all filings have been made under the UCC or otherwise that are required in order for the Collateral Agent to continue at all times following such change to have a valid, legal and perfected security interest in all the Collateral and the conditions set forth in Section 7.28(a) have been satisfied (if applicable).
(e)            None of the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries shall enter into any agreement that requires the proceeds received from any sale of Collateral to be applied to repay, redeem, defease or otherwise acquire or retire any Indebtedness of any Person, other than (i) the Loans, (ii) solely with respect to the sale of Collateral subject to a Permitted Equipment Lien, the agreements governing Indebtedness secured by such Permitted Equipment Lien, (iii) any other Pari Passu Obligations or (iv) otherwise as may be permitted or required by this Agreement, the Intercreditor Agreement, or the Collateral Agreements, including with respect to any Permitted Collateral Liens; provided that, for the avoidance of doubt, any such agreement may be entered into to the extent that such agreement permits such proceeds to be applied to Pari Passu Obligations prior to or instead of such other Indebtedness.
(f)            If any Borrower Group Party or any other Grantor becomes organized, through a merger or otherwise, in a jurisdiction other than a Permitted Jurisdiction, then the Borrower Group Parties, as applicable, shall take (and shall cause each other Grantor to take) all further action to continue and maintain the Collateral Agent's first-priority perfected security interest in the Collateral subject to Permitted Collateral Liens.
7.08            Compliance Certificate .  The Borrower shall deliver to the Administrative Agent, within 120 days after the end of each fiscal year ending after the Closing Date, a Compliance Certificate.
7.09            Books and Records; Inspection and Audit Rights .  The Borrower will, and will cause each of its Subsidiaries to, keep proper books of record and account in which full, true and correct entries in conformity with GAAP and all Requirements of Law are made of all dealings and transactions in relation to its business and activities.  The Borrower will, and will cause each of its Subsidiaries to, permit any representatives designated by the Administrative Agent or any Lender, upon reasonable prior notice, to visit and inspect its properties, to examine and make extracts from its books and records, and to discuss its affairs, finances and condition with its officers and independent accountants, all at such reasonable times and no more than once per calendar year (unless there is an Event of Default that is continuing); provided that the foregoing rights of the Administrative Agent and the Lenders shall not interfere in any material respect with the conduct of the business of the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries.
7.10            Compliance with Laws .  The Borrower will, and will cause each other Borrower Group Party to, comply with all Requirements of Law (including Environmental Laws) with respect to it or its property, except where the failure to do so, individually or in the aggregate, could not reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect.
7.11            Rated Credit Facilities .  The Borrower will use commercially reasonable efforts to cause the credit facilities made available under this Agreement to be continuously rated by S&P and Moody's and, in respect of the Borrower and the Parent, will use commercially reasonable
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efforts to maintain (and to cause the Parent to maintain) a public corporate rating from S&P and a public corporate family rating from Moody's.
7.12            Transactions with Affiliates .
(a)            The Borrower will not, and will not permit any of its Subsidiaries to, make any payment to, or sell, lease, transfer or otherwise dispose of any of its properties or assets to, or purchase any property or assets from, or enter into or make or amend any transaction, contract, agreement, understanding, loan, advance or guarantee with, or for the benefit of, any Affiliate of the Borrower and any of its Subsidiaries (each, an " Affiliate Transaction ") involving, with respect to any such transaction or series of related transactions, payments or consideration in excess of $10,000,000, unless:
(i)            the Affiliate Transaction is on terms that are either (a) no less favorable to the Borrower or the relevant Subsidiary than those that could have been obtained in a comparable arm's-length transaction by the Borrower or such Subsidiary with a Person that is not an Affiliate of the Borrower and any of its Subsidiaries or (b) if in the good faith judgment of a Financial Officer, no comparable transaction is available with which to compare such Affiliate Transaction, such Affiliate Transaction is otherwise fair to the Borrower or the relevant Subsidiary from a financial point of view; and
(ii)            the Borrower obtains and, at the request of the Administrative Agent, delivers to the Administrative Agent:
(A)            with respect to any Affiliate Transaction or series of related Affiliate Transactions involving aggregate consideration in excess of $10,000,000, a resolution of the Board of Directors of the Parent that such Affiliate Transaction or series of related Affiliate Transactions complies with this Section 7.12 and that such Affiliate Transaction or series of related Affiliate Transactions has been approved by the conflicts committee of the Board of Directors of the Parent or a majority of the disinterested members of the Board of Directors of the Parent;
(B)            with respect to any Affiliate Transaction or series of related Affiliate Transactions involving aggregate consideration in excess of $25,000,000 (including any such transaction described in clause (C) below), an opinion issued to the Board of Directors of the Parent by an accounting, appraisal, investment banking or other firm generally recognized in the shipping industry as qualified to perform the tasks for which such firm has been engaged as to the fairness to the Borrower or such Subsidiary of such Affiliate Transaction from a financial point of view or that the terms of such Affiliate Transaction are no less favorable to the Borrower or the relevant Subsidiary than those that could have been obtained in a comparable arm's-length transaction by the Borrower or such Subsidiary with a Person that is not an Affiliate of the Borrower and any of its Subsidiaries; and
(C)            with respect to the acquisition by the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries of Additional Collateral Vessels and Related Assets, if any, selected
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by the Borrower with respect to thereof from an Affiliate of the Borrower or such Subsidiary (and in addition to the requirements of clause (a)(ii)(B) above with respect to any such Affiliate Transactions involving aggregate consideration in excess of $25,000,000), a resolution of the Board of Directors of the Parent that such Affiliate Transaction or series of related Affiliate Transactions complies with this Section 7.12 and that such Affiliate Transaction or series of related Affiliate Transactions has been approved by the conflicts committee of the Board of Directors of the Parent or a majority of the disinterested member of the Board of Directors of the Parent.
(b)            For the avoidance of doubt, with respect to any Affiliate Transaction or series of related Affiliate Transactions involving aggregate consideration of $10,000,000 or less, the determination that such Affiliate Transaction or series of Affiliate Transactions complies with this Section 7.12 may be made by a Financial Officer.
(c)            The following items will not be deemed to be Affiliate Transactions, as applicable, and, therefore, will not be subject to Section 7.12(a) :
(i)            any existing or future vessel management agreements, administrative services agreements or executive services agreements or other agreements entered into with Dynagas Ltd., Dynagas Holdings and their respective Affiliates in the ordinary course of business that are approved in good faith by a majority of the conflicts committee of the Board of Directors of the Parent;
(ii)            any employment agreement, employee benefit plan, compensation plan or arrangement, officer or director indemnification agreement or any similar arrangement entered into by the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries in the ordinary course of business and payments pursuant thereto;
(iii)            payment of reasonable directors' fees to directors of the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries;
(iv)            transactions solely between or among the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries;
(v)            subject to the Collateral and Guarantee Requirements and Section 7.07 , the issuance or sale of Equity Interests (other than Disqualified Stock) of the Borrower to, or receipt of capital contributions from, Affiliates of the Borrower;
(vi)            loans or advances to employees of the Borrower (including of any of its Subsidiaries) in the ordinary course of business not to exceed $1,000,000 in the aggregate at any one time outstanding;
(vii)            Restricted Payments (including as Permitted Investments) that do not violate Section 7.15 ;
(viii)            transactions between the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries and any Person that would not otherwise constitute an Affiliate Transaction except for the fact that
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one director of such other Person is also a director of the Borrower or such Subsidiary, as applicable; provided that such director abstains from voting as a director of the Borrower or such Subsidiary, as applicable, on any matter involving such other Person;
(ix)            any agreement as in effect on the Closing Date or any amendments, renewals or extensions of any such agreement (so long as such amendments, renewals or extensions are not less favorable to the Lenders) as set forth on Schedule 7.12(c)(ix);
(x)            the Transactions on the Closing Date and all fees and expenses paid or payable in connection therewith; and
(xi)            transactions with customers, clients, suppliers, or purchasers or sellers of goods or services, in each case in the ordinary course of business and otherwise in compliance with the terms of this Agreement that are fair to the Borrower or its Subsidiaries or are on terms at least as favorable as would reasonably have been obtained at such time from an unaffiliated Person, in each case, as determined in good faith by the Board of Directors of the Parent or a member of the senior management of the Parent.
7.13            Limitations on Liens .
The Borrower will not, and will not permit any of its Subsidiaries to, directly or indirectly, create, Incur or assume (i) any Lien of any kind on any Collateral, except for Permitted Collateral Liens, or (ii) subject to Section 7.27 , any Lien of any kind on its Capital Stock or any of its property or assets that are not Collateral (including the Capital Stock of its Subsidiaries), except for Permitted Liens.
7.14            Limitations on Merger, Consolidation or Sale of Assets .
(a)            The Borrower will not, directly or indirectly: (1) amalgamate, consolidate or merge with or into another Person (whether or not the Borrower is the Person formed by or surviving any such amalgamation, consolidation or merger); or (2) sell, assign, transfer, convey or otherwise dispose of all or substantially all of the properties or assets of the Borrower and the Borrower Subsidiary Guarantors taken as a whole, in each case, in one transaction or a series of related transactions, including by way of liquidation or dissolution, to another Person, unless:
(i)            either the Person formed by or surviving any such amalgamation, consolidation or merger or to which such sale, assignment, transfer, conveyance or other disposition has been made (the " Successor Borrower ") is (if other than the Borrower) a Person organized or existing under the laws of a Permitted Jurisdiction;
(ii)            the Successor Borrower (if other than the Borrower) assumes all the Secured Obligations of the Borrower under this Agreement and any Collateral Agreements to which the Borrower is a party, and agrees to be bound by all the provisions of this Agreement and such Collateral Agreements pursuant to an amendment or supplement thereto or other documents and instruments, as applicable, in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Administrative Agent; provided that, if such Person is a limited liability company or a limited partnership, then the Borrower or such Person shall have the Loans assumed, to the extent not
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already the case, on a joint and several basis, with a corporation in which it owns 100% of the Equity Interests;
(iii)            immediately before and after giving effect to such transaction, no Default or Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing;
(iv)            in the event that the Successor Borrower is organized in a jurisdiction that is different from the jurisdiction in which the Borrower was organized immediately before giving effect to such transaction, the Successor Borrower has delivered to the Administrative Agent an opinion of counsel satisfactory to the Administrative Agent stating that the obligations of the Successor Borrower under the Loans, this Agreement and the Collateral Agreements are enforceable under the laws of such Permitted Jurisdiction, subject to customary exceptions;
(v)            Finco (unless it is party to the transactions described above, in which case Section 7.14(d)(iii) shall apply), shall have by documentation reasonably satisfactory to the Administrative Agent confirmed that it continues to be a co-borrower of the Loans; and
(vi)            the Borrower or Successor Borrower (if other than the Borrower) delivers to the Administrative Agent an Officer's Certificate and opinion of counsel, in each case stating that such amalgamation, consolidation, merger or transfer and each such amendment and supplement or other documents or instruments comply with this Section 7.14 .
(b)            Upon any amalgamation, consolidation or merger, or any sale, assignment, transfer, conveyance or other disposition of all or substantially all of the properties or assets of the Borrower in accordance with the paragraph above in which the Borrower is not the surviving entity, the Successor Borrower shall succeed to, and be substituted for, and may exercise every right and power of the Borrower under the Loan Documents with the same effect as if the Successor Borrower had been named as the Borrower in the Loan Documents, and thereafter the Borrower will be relieved of all obligations and covenants under the Loans and the Loan Documents.
(c)            The Borrower will not permit any Subsidiary to sell or otherwise dispose of all or substantially all its assets to, or amalgamate, consolidate with or merge with or into (whether or not such Borrower Subsidiary Guarantor is the surviving Person), another Person other than the Borrower or another Borrower Subsidiary Guarantor (other than in connection with a transaction expressly permitted herein, including Section 7.22), unless:
(i)            immediately after giving effect to such transaction or series of related transactions, no Default or Event of Default exists; and
(ii)            either:
(A)            (a)(x) such Borrower Subsidiary Guarantor is the surviving Person or (y) the Person formed by or surviving any such amalgamation, consolidation or merger or to which such sale or disposition has been made is a Person organized or existing under the laws of a Permitted Jurisdiction and such Person expressly assumes all the Secured Obligations of such Borrower
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Subsidiary Guarantor under this Agreement and its Loan Guarantee pursuant to an amendment or supplement thereto or other documents or instruments in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Administrative Agent; or
(B)            such amalgamation, consolidation, merger or disposition does not violate the provisions in Section 7.22 ;
(iii)            the Borrower delivers to the Administrative Agent an Officer's Certificate and an opinion of counsel, in each case stating that such amalgamation, consolidation, merger or transfer and each such amendment and supplement or other documents or instruments comply with this Section 7.14 ;
(iv)            if applicable, the successor Borrower Subsidiary Guarantor causes such amendments, supplements or other instruments with respect to the Collateral Agreements to be executed, delivered, filed and recorded, as applicable, in such jurisdictions as may be required by applicable law to preserve and protect the Lien of the Collateral Agent on any Collateral owned by or transferred to such successor Borrower Subsidiary Guarantor and deliver an opinion of counsel as to the enforceability thereof and such other matters as the Administrative Agent may reasonably request; and
(v)            if applicable, any Collateral owned by or transferred to such successor Borrower Subsidiary Guarantor shall (a) continue to constitute Collateral under this Agreement and the Collateral Agreements to which it is a party, (b) be subject to the Lien in favor of the Collateral Agent for the benefit of the holders of the Pari Passu Obligations and (c) not be subject to any Lien other than Permitted Collateral Liens.
(d)            Finco will not, directly or indirectly: (1) amalgamate, consolidate or merge with or into another Person (whether or not Finco is the Person formed by or surviving any such amalgamation, consolidation or merger); or (2) sell, assign, transfer, convey or otherwise dispose of all or substantially all of its properties or assets, in each case, in one transaction or a series of related transactions, including by way of liquidation or dissolution, to another Person, unless:
(i)            (a) concurrently therewith, a corporate wholly owned subsidiary that is a Subsidiary of the Borrower organized and validly existing under the laws of the United States, any state thereof, the District of Columbia or any territory thereof (which may be the continuing Person as a result of such transaction) expressly assumes all the obligations of Finco under the Loans and the Loan Documents, pursuant to an amendment or supplement thereto or other documents and instruments, as applicable, in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Administrative Agent or (b) after giving effect thereto, at least one borrower of the Loans shall be a corporation or limited liability company organized and validly existing under the laws of the United States, any state thereof, the District of Columbia or any territory thereof;
(ii)            immediately before and after giving effect to such transaction, no Default or Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing; and
(iii)            Finco or such successor Person (if other than Finco) delivers to the Administrative Agent an Officer's Certificate and an opinion of counsel, in each case stating that
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such amalgamation, consolidation, merger or transfer and such supplemental indenture, documents and instrument comply with this Section 7.14 .
(e)            For purposes of the foregoing, entry into one or more Collateral Vessel Contracts or other charters or pool agreements with respect to any Vessels will be deemed not to be a sale, assignment, transfer, conveyance or other disposition subject to this Section 7.14.
7.15            Limitations on Restricted Payments .
(a)            The Borrower will not, and will not permit any of its Subsidiaries to, directly or indirectly:
(i)            declare or pay any dividend or make any other payment or distribution on account of Equity Interests of the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries (including, without limitation, any payment in connection with any merger, consolidation or amalgamation involving the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries) or to the direct or indirect holders of the Borrower's or any of its Subsidiaries' Equity Interests in their capacity as such (other than dividends or distributions payable in Equity Interests (other than Disqualified Stock) of the Borrower and other than dividends or distributions payable to the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries);
(ii)            purchase, repurchase, redeem, retire or otherwise acquire for value (including, without limitation, in connection with any merger, consolidation or amalgamation involving) any Equity Interests of the Borrower or any direct or indirect parent of the Borrower held by any Person (other than Equity Interests held by the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries) or any Equity Interests of any Subsidiary of the Borrower held by an affiliate of the Borrower (other than Equity Interests held by the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries) (in each case other than in exchange for Equity Interests of the Borrower that is not Disqualified Stock);
(iii)            make any principal payment on or with respect to, or purchase, redeem, defease or otherwise acquire or retire for value any Subordinated Debt, except the purchase, repurchase, redemption, defeasance or other acquisition of Subordinated Debt in anticipation of satisfying a sinking fund obligation, principal installment or final maturity, in each case due within one year after the date of purchase, repurchase, redemption, defeasance or acquisition, and the payment of principal of Subordinated Debt at the Stated Maturity thereof; or
(iv)            make any Restricted Investment (together with all such payments and other actions set forth in clauses (i) through (iii) above, collectively, " Restricted Payments "), unless, at the time of and after giving effect to such Restricted Payment:
(A)            no Default or Event of Default has occurred and is continuing or would occur as a consequence of such Restricted Payment;
(B)            such Restricted Payment, together with the aggregate amount of all other Restricted Payments made by the Borrower and its Subsidiaries (excluding Restricted Payments permitted by clauses (ii) and (iii) of Section 7.15(b)) with respect to the quarter for which such Restricted Payment is made is less than the amount of Available Cash of the Borrower with respect to
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the Borrower's most recently ended fiscal quarter for which internal financial statements are available; and
(C)            the Borrower is in compliance with the covenants set forth in Section 7.18 and Section 7.19 .
(b)            The preceding paragraph (a) will not prohibit:
(i)            the payment of any dividend or distribution or the consummation of any irrevocable redemption within sixty (60) days after the date of declaration of the dividend or distribution or giving of the redemption notice, as the case may be, if at the date of declaration or notice, the dividend, distribution or redemption payment would have complied with the provisions of this Agreement;
(ii)            the making of any Restricted Payment in exchange for, or out of the net cash proceeds of the substantially concurrent sale (other than to a Subsidiary of the Borrower) of, Equity Interests of the Borrower (other than Disqualified Stock) or from the substantially concurrent contribution of common equity capital to the Borrower, in each case, to the extent permitted by this Agreement, provided that the amount of any such net cash proceeds that are utilized for any such Restricted Payment will be excluded from (a) Section 7.15(a)(iv)(B) and (b) the calculation of Available Cash of the Borrower; and
(iii)            the repurchase, redemption, defeasance or other acquisition or retirement for value of Subordinated Debt with the net cash proceeds from a substantially concurrent Incurrence of Permitted Refinancing Indebtedness.
(c)            The amount of all Restricted Payments (other than cash) will be the Fair Market Value on the date of the Restricted Payment of the asset(s) or securities proposed to be transferred or issued by the Borrower or such Subsidiary, as the case may be, pursuant to the Restricted Payment.  For purposes of determining compliance with this Section 7.15 , in the event that a Restricted Payment meets the criteria of more than one of the applicable categories of Restricted Payments in Sections 7.15(a) or clauses (i) through (iii) of Section 7.15(b) or as a Permitted Investment, the Borrower will be permitted to divide or classify (or later divide, classify or reclassify in whole or in part in its sole discretion) such Restricted Payment in any manner that complies with this Section 7.15 .
7.16            Limitations on Indebtedness and Issuance of Preferred Stock .
(a)            The Borrower will not, and will not permit any of its Subsidiaries to, directly or indirectly, create, incur, issue, assume, guarantee or otherwise become directly or indirectly liable, contingently or otherwise, with respect to (collectively, " Incur ," " Incurrence ," " Incurred " and " Incurring " shall have meanings correlative to the foregoing), any Indebtedness or issue any Disqualified Stock, and the Borrower will not permit any of its Subsidiaries to issue any shares of Preferred Stock (other than to the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries that is a holder of its Equity Interests), other than the Incurrence of any of the following items of Indebtedness (collectively, " Permitted Debt "):
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(i)            the Incurrence by the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries of Indebtedness represented by Capital Lease Obligations or purchase money obligations, in each case, incurred for the purpose of acquiring assets or a business that is a Permitted Business or financing all or any part of the purchase price, lease expense, charter expense, rental payments or cost of design, construction, installation or improvement of property, plant or equipment (other than Vessels) used in a Permitted Business (whether through the direct purchase of such property, plant or equipment or the Capital Stock of any Person owning such property, plant or equipment), and Permitted Refinancing Indebtedness in respect thereof, in an aggregate amount not to exceed at any time outstanding the greater of $10,000,000;
(ii)            the Incurrence by any Loan Party of Indebtedness represented by the Loans (including any Other Term Loans) and the related Loan Guarantees;
(iii)            the Incurrence by the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries of Permitted Refinancing Indebtedness in exchange for, or the Net Cash Proceeds of which are used to renew, refund, refinance, replace, defease or discharge, any Indebtedness (other than intercompany Indebtedness) that was permitted to be Incurred under clause (ii) or this clause (iii) of this Section 7.16(a) ; provided that, at the time of and after giving effect to the incurrence of such Indebtedness, the Borrower Group Parties shall be in compliance with Section 7.18 and Section 7.19 ;
(iv)            the Incurrence by the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries of intercompany Indebtedness between or among the Borrower and any of its Subsidiaries or the Incurrence by the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries of intercompany Indebtedness from the Parent; provided, however, that:
(A)            such Indebtedness must be expressly subordinated (on terms reasonably acceptable to the Administrative Agent) to the prior payment in full in cash of all Loan Document Obligations then due with respect to the Loans or the relevant Loan Guarantee, as applicable; and
(B)            upon any (i) subsequent issuance or transfer of Equity Interests that results in any such Indebtedness being held by a Person other than the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries, or (ii) sale or other transfer of any such Indebtedness to a Person that is not the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries, the exception provided by this clause (iv) shall no longer be applicable to such Indebtedness and such Indebtedness will be deemed to have been Incurred at the time of any such issuance or transfer;
(v)            the Incurrence by the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries of Hedging Obligations or cash management obligations in the ordinary course of business and not for speculative purposes;
(vi)            the guarantee by the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries of Indebtedness of the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries that was permitted to be Incurred by another provision of this Section 7.16 ; provided that if the Indebtedness being guaranteed is
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subordinated to or pari passu with the Loans or a Loan Guarantee, then the guarantee shall be subordinated or pari passu, as applicable, to the same extent as the Indebtedness guaranteed;
(vii)            the Incurrence by the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries of Indebtedness in respect of workers' compensation claims, self-insurance obligations, bankers' acceptances, and performance and surety bonds or other Indebtedness of a like nature, in each case in the ordinary course of business;
(viii)            the Incurrence by the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries of Indebtedness arising from the honoring by a bank or other financial institution of a check, draft or similar instrument inadvertently drawn against insufficient funds, so long as such Indebtedness is covered within five Business Days after becoming aware of such event;
(ix)            the Incurrence by the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries of Indebtedness arising from agreements providing for indemnification, earn-outs, adjustment of purchase price or similar obligations, or guarantees or letters of credit, surety bonds or performance bonds securing any obligations of the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries pursuant to such agreements, in each case, Incurred in connection with the acquisition or disposition of any business, assets or the Capital Stock of a Subsidiary, other than guarantees of Indebtedness Incurred by any Person acquiring all or any portion of such business, assets or the Capital Stock of a Subsidiary for the purpose of financing such acquisition; provided , however , that, in the case of a disposition, the maximum assumable liability in respect of all such Indebtedness shall at no time exceed the gross proceeds (including non-cash proceeds (the Fair Market Value of such non-cash proceeds being measured at the time received and without giving effect to any subsequent changes in value)) actually received by the Borrower and its Subsidiaries in connection with such disposition;
(x)            the Incurrence by the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries of Indebtedness through the provision of bonds, guarantees, letters of credit or similar instruments required by the United States Federal Maritime Commission or any other governmental or regulatory agencies, foreign or domestic, including, without limitation, customs authorities; in each case, for Vessels owned, operated or chartered by, or in the ordinary course of business of, the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries;
(xi)            the Incurrence by the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries of Indebtedness in the form of customer deposits and advance payments received in the ordinary course of business from customers for services purchased in the ordinary course of business;
(xii)            the Incurrence by the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries of Indebtedness constituting reimbursement obligations that relate to (A) trade payables and (B) other obligations that are not themselves Indebtedness entered into in the ordinary course of business of such Person to the extent such reimbursement obligations relating to such other obligations are satisfied within 90 days following payment on the letter of credit, bankers' acceptance or similar instrument; and
(xiii)            the Incurrence by the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries of unsecured Indebtedness not otherwise permitted pursuant to clauses (i) through (xii) above that,
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together with any other Indebtedness Incurred pursuant to this clause (xiii) and then outstanding, has an aggregate principal amount (or accreted value, as applicable) not to exceed $30,000,000.
(b)            For purposes of determining compliance with this Section 7.16 , in the event that an item of proposed Indebtedness meets the criteria of more than one of the categories of Permitted Debt described in clauses (i) through (xiii) of Section 7.16(a) , or is entitled to be Incurred pursuant to Section 7.16(a) , the Borrower or the applicable Subsidiary will be permitted to classify such item of Indebtedness (or any portion thereof) on the date of its Incurrence, or later reclassify all or a portion of such item of Indebtedness, in any manner that complies with this Section 7.16 .  The accrual of interest or Preferred Stock dividends, the accretion or amortization of original issue discount, the payment of interest on any Indebtedness in the form of additional Indebtedness with the same terms, the reclassification of Preferred Stock as Indebtedness due to a change in accounting principles, and the payment of dividends on Preferred Stock or Disqualified Stock in the form of additional shares of the same class of Preferred Stock or Disqualified Stock will not be deemed to be an Incurrence of Indebtedness or an issuance of Preferred Stock or Disqualified Stock for purposes of this Section 7.16 .  Further, the reclassification of any lease or other liability of the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries as Indebtedness due to a change of accounting principles after the Closing Date will not be deemed an incurrence of Indebtedness for purposes of this Section 7.16 .
(c)            For purposes of determining compliance with this Section 7.16 , the amount of any Indebtedness outstanding as of any date will be: (i) the accreted value of the Indebtedness, in the case of any Indebtedness issued with original issue discount; (ii) the principal amount of the Indebtedness, in the case of any other Indebtedness; and (iii) in respect of Indebtedness of another Person secured by a Lien on the assets of the specified Person, the lesser of (x) the Fair Market Value of such assets at the date of determination and (y) the amount of the Indebtedness of the other Person.
(d)            For purposes of determining compliance with any dollar-denominated restriction on the Incurrence of Indebtedness, the Dollar Equivalent of the principal amount of Indebtedness denominated in another currency will be utilized, calculated based on the relevant currency exchange rate in effect on the date such Indebtedness was Incurred, in the case of term Indebtedness, or first committed, in the case of Indebtedness Incurred under any revolving credit facility; provided that (1) if such Indebtedness is Incurred to refinance other Indebtedness denominated in a currency other than dollars, and such refinancing would cause the applicable dollar-denominated restriction to be exceeded if calculated at the relevant currency exchange rate in effect on the date of such refinancing, such dollar-denominated restriction will be deemed not to have been exceeded so long as the principal amount of such refinancing Indebtedness does not exceed the principal amount of such Indebtedness being refinanced and (2) the Dollar Equivalent of the principal amount of any such Indebtedness outstanding on the Closing Date will be calculated based on the relevant currency exchange rate in effect on the Closing Date.
(e)            Notwithstanding any other provision of this Section 7.16 , the maximum amount of Indebtedness that the Borrowers or the applicable Subsidiary may Incur pursuant to this Section 7.16 shall not be deemed to be exceeded solely as a result of fluctuations in exchange rates or currency values.
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7.17            Limitations on Dividends and Other Payment Restrictions Affecting Subsidiaries .
(a)            The Borrower will not, and will not permit any of its Subsidiaries to, directly or indirectly, create or permit to become effective any consensual encumbrance or restriction on the ability of any of such Subsidiaries to:
(i)            pay dividends or make any other distributions on its Capital Stock to the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries, or with respect to any other interest or participation in, or measured by, its profits, or pay any Indebtedness owed to the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries;
(ii)            make loans or advances to the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries;
(iii)            sell, lease or transfer any of its properties or assets to the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries; or
(iv)            create, incur, assume or suffer to exist any Lien upon any of its properties or revenues, whether now owned or hereafter acquired, to secure the Loan Document Obligations.
(b)            However, Section 7.17(a) will not apply to encumbrances or restrictions existing under or by reason of:
(i)            restrictions contained in, or in respect of, Hedging Obligations permitted to be Incurred by this Agreement;
(ii)            the Loan Documents, the Collateral Agreements and the other Pari Passu Documents;
(iii)            applicable law, rule, regulation or order;
(iv)            any instrument governing Indebtedness or Capital Stock of a Person acquired by the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries as in effect at the time of such acquisition (except to the extent such Indebtedness or Capital Stock was Incurred in connection with or in contemplation of such acquisition), which encumbrance or restriction is not applicable to any Person, or the properties or assets of any Person, other than the Person, or the property or assets of the Person, so acquired; provided that, in the case of Indebtedness, such Indebtedness was permitted by the terms of this Agreement to be Incurred;
(v)            customary non-assignment provisions in contracts and licenses entered into in the ordinary course of business;
(vi)            purchase money obligations for property acquired in the ordinary course of business, mortgage financings and Capital Lease Obligations that impose restrictions on the transfer or sale of the property purchased or mortgaged or leased, which limitation is applicable only to the assets that are the subject of such agreements;
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(vii)            without duplication of subclause (ix) below, any agreement for the sale or other disposition of the Capital Stock or all or substantially all of the assets of any Subsidiary that restricts distributions by that Subsidiary pending the sale or other disposition;
(viii)            Liens permitted to be Incurred under Section 7.13 that limit the right of the debtor to dispose of the assets subject to such Liens;
(ix)            without duplication of subclause (vii) above, provisions limiting the disposition or distribution of assets or property in joint venture agreements, partnership agreements, asset sale agreements, sale-leaseback agreements, stock sale agreements and other similar agreements, which limitation is applicable only to the assets that are the subject of such agreements;
(x)            restrictions on cash or other deposits or net worth imposed by customers or suppliers or required by insurance, surety or bonding companies, in each case, under contracts entered into in the ordinary course of business;
(xi)            any amendments, modifications, restatements, renewals, increases, supplements, refundings, replacements or refinancings of the contracts, instruments or obligations referred to in clauses (ii), (iv) and (vi) above; provided that such amendments, modifications, restatements, renewals, increases, supplements, refundings, replacements or refinancings are, in the good faith judgment of the Borrower, not materially more restrictive with respect to such encumbrance and other restrictions taken as a whole than those prior to such amendment, modification, restatement, renewal, increase, supplement, refunding, replacement or refinancing;
(xii)            any encumbrance or restriction contained in the terms of any Indebtedness that is permitted to be Incurred subsequent to the Closing Date pursuant to Section 7.16 or any agreement pursuant to which such Indebtedness was issued; provided that, at the time such Indebtedness is Incurred, either (1) such encumbrance or restriction is customary for financings of the same type, and such restrictions would not reasonably be expected to materially impair the Borrowers' ability to make scheduled payments of interest and principal on the Loans when due as determined in good faith by a Financial Officer or (2) restrictions therein are not materially more restrictive, taken as a whole, than those contained in the Loan Documents as in effect on the Closing Date, as determined in good faith by a Financial Officer; and
(xiii)            encumbrances or restrictions of the nature described in Section 7.17(a)(iii) with respect to property under any Collateral Vessel Contract or any other charter, lease or other agreement that has been entered into in the ordinary course for the employment, charter or other hire of such property.
7.18            Debt Service Coverage Ratio .
(a)            The Borrowers will not permit the Debt Service Coverage Ratio as of the end of any fiscal quarter (commencing with the fiscal quarter during which the Closing Date occurs) to be less than 1.1 to 1.0.  Not later than 90 days following the last day of each fiscal quarter, the Borrower shall deliver to the Administrative Agent a Compliance Certificate
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demonstrating its calculation of the Debt Service Coverage Ratio and certifying as to compliance with this Section 7.18 .
(b)            Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in Section 7.18(a) , if the Borrower fails to comply with the requirements of the covenant set forth in Section 7.18(a) (the "DSCR Covenant"), then at any time until the 10th Business Day after the date on which the Compliance Certificate is required to be delivered pursuant to Section 7.18(a) (the " DSCR Cure Expiration Date "), the Borrower shall have the right to receive cash capital contributions (which shall be common equity or otherwise in a form reasonably satisfactory to the Administrative Agent) from Dynagas Equity in an aggregate amount equal to the amount that, if included in Operating Cash Flow Available for Debt Service for the relevant measurement period, would have been sufficient to cause compliance with the DSCR Covenant for such measurement period (a " DSCR Cure "); provided that (I) in each consecutive four fiscal quarter period, there shall be at least two fiscal quarters in which no DSCR Cure or LTV Cure is made, (II) the Borrower may exercise the right to make a DSCR Cure and LTV Cure not more than five times in the aggregate for all such cures after the Closing Date and (III) the amount of any DSCR Cure shall be no greater than the amount required to cause compliance with the DSCR Covenant (it being understood this clause (III) shall not prohibit any LTV Cure that is otherwise permitted by Section 7.19).
(c)            The Borrower shall give the Administrative Agent written notice (the " DSCR Cure Notice ") of a DSCR Cure on or before the earlier of (A) the day the DSCR Cure is consummated and (B) the DSCR Cure Expiration Date.
(d)            In the event of a failure by the Borrower to comply with the DSCR Covenant for any specified fiscal quarter, upon the delivery by the Borrower of a DSCR Cure Notice as provided in clause (c) above, but subject to the immediately succeeding sentence, no Default or Event of Default shall be deemed to exist pursuant to the DSCR Covenant (and any such Default or Event of Default shall be retroactively considered not to have existed or occurred) for such fiscal quarter and none of the Administrative Agent, any Lender Creditor or any other Secured Party shall have any right to exercise or enforce any rights or remedies with respect to such failure to comply with the DSCR Covenant (subject to the immediately succeeding sentence).  If the DSCR Cure is not consummated on or prior to the DSCR Cure Expiration Date, or if the Administrative Agent receives written notice from the Borrower that the DSCR Cure will not be exercised with respect to such failure to comply with the DSCR Covenant, each such Default or Event of Default, and the Administrative Agent and the other Secured Parties' (acting through the Administrative Agent) rights to exercise or enforce rights or remedies in connection therewith, shall be automatically and immediately reinstated, without any further action by, or notice to, any Person.
(e)            The cash amount received by the Borrower pursuant to an exercise of the right to make a DSCR Cure shall be deemed included in Operating Cash Flow Available for Debt Service for the fiscal quarter to which such DSCR Cure relates solely for purposes of recalculating compliance with the DSCR Covenant for such fiscal quarter and of calculating the Debt Service Coverage Ratio as of the end of the next three following fiscal quarters.  The DSCR Cure shall not be taken into account for purposes of calculating the DSCR Covenant in order to determine pro forma compliance with the DSCR Covenant for any other purpose hereunder, for
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determining compliance with any other covenant hereunder or under the Loan Documents and may not be used to make a Restricted Payment or for any other purpose.  For the avoidance of doubt, a DSCR Cure shall be deemed to be made on the last Business Day of the relevant fiscal quarter even if such DSCR Cure is made after such date.
7.19            Loan To Value Ratio .
(a)            The Borrower will not permit the Loan To Value Ratio as of any Semi-Annual Date to exceed 65%.  Not later than 90 days following the last day of each Semi-Annual Date, the Borrower shall deliver to the Administrative Agent a Compliance Certificate demonstrating its calculation of the Loan to Value Ratio and certifying as to compliance with this Section 7.19 .
(b)            Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in Section 7.19(a) , if the Borrower fails to comply with the requirements of the covenant set forth in Section 7.19(a) (the " LTV Covenant "), then at any time until the 10th Business Day in the case of a cure pursuant to clause (b)(i) and the 45th calendar day in the case of a cure pursuant to clause (b)(ii) , in each case, after the date on which the Compliance Certificate is required to be delivered pursuant to Section 7.19(a) (the applicable date, the " LTV Cure Expiration Date "), the Borrower shall have the right to receive (i) cash capital contributions (which shall be common equity or otherwise in a form reasonably satisfactory to the Administrative Agent) from Dynagas Equity in an aggregate amount equal to the amount that, if included in clause (b) of the definition of Loan to Value Ratio for the relevant measurement period, would have been sufficient to cause compliance with the LTV Covenant for such measurement period or (ii) one or more additional Vessels (x) that are owned by an Affiliate of the Parent and (y) in respect of which there is no Indebtedness for borrowed money outstanding, in each case, as of the date of such drop-down or contribution to the Borrower if the Fair Market Value of such additional Vessels, if included in clause (b) of the definition of Loan to Value Ratio for the relevant measurement period, would have been sufficient to cause compliance with the LTV Covenant for such measurement period; provided that the Collateral and Guarantee Requirement shall be satisfied in respect of such additional Vessels and the Borrower or the Subsidiary of the Borrower acquiring such additional Vessels and, in the case of any contribution of cash collateral pursuant to Section 7.19(b)(i), such cash contribution shall be deposited into a deposit account (the " LTV Cash Account ") maintained at a U.S. financial institution and controlled by the Collateral Agent pursuant to an Account Pledge/Control Agreement and held as Collateral subject to a Lien under the Collateral Agreements (any such contribution meeting the requirements described in this Section 7.19(b), an " LTV Cure "); provided further that (I) the LTV Cure may not be made in respect of consecutive Semi-Annual Dates, (II) in each consecutive four fiscal quarter period, there shall be at least two fiscal quarters in which no LTV Cure or DSCR Cure is made, (III) the Borrower may exercise the right to make a LTV Cure and DSCR Cure not more than five times in the aggregate for all such cures after the Closing Date and (IV) the amount of any LTV Cure made pursuant to Section 7.19(b)(i) shall be no greater than the amount required to cause compliance with the LTV Covenant (it being understood this clause (IV) shall not prohibit any DSCR Cure that is otherwise permitted by Section 7.18).
(c)            The Borrower shall give the Administrative Agent written notice (the " LTV Cure Notice ") of an LTV Cure on or before the 10th Business Day (or in the case of a cure
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pursuant to Section 7.19(b)(i) , the day the LTV Cure is consummated, if earlier) after the date on which the Compliance Certificate is required to be delivered pursuant to Section 7.19(a) , which LTV Cure Notice shall either (i) be accompanied by the cure described in Section 7.19(b)(i) or (ii) identify by name any Vessels to be contributed to the Borrower or its Subsidiaries pursuant to Section 7.19(b)(ii) and certify that such Vessel is owned by an Affiliate of the Parent free and clear of Indebtedness for borrowed money.
(d)            In the event of a failure by the Borrower to comply with the LTV Covenant for any specified measurement period, upon the delivery by the Borrower of a LTV Cure Notice as provided in clause (c) above, but subject to the immediately succeeding sentence, no Default or Event of Default shall be deemed to exist pursuant to the LTV Covenant (and any such Default or Event of Default shall be retroactively considered not to have existed or occurred) for such Semi-Annual Date and none of the Administrative Agent, any Lender Creditor or any other Secured Party shall have any right to exercise or enforce any rights or remedies with respect to such failure to comply with the LTV Covenant (subject to the immediately succeeding sentence).  If the LTV Cure (including the requirements specified in the first proviso in Section 7.19(b) ) is not consummated on or prior to the applicable LTV Cure Expiration Date, or if the Administrative Agent receives written notice from the Borrower that the LTV Cure will not be exercised with respect to such failure to comply with the LTV Covenant, each such Default or Event of Default, and the Administrative Agent and the other Secured Parties' (acting through the Administrative Agent) rights to exercise or enforce rights or remedies in connection therewith, shall be automatically and immediately reinstated, without any further action by, or notice to, any Person.
(e)            The amount of cash collateral or the Fair Market Value of any Vessels, as applicable, that are contributed to the Borrower pursuant to Section 7.19(b) shall be included in the calculation of the Loan to Value Ratio for the relevant measurement period for purposes of recalculating compliance with the LTV Covenant for such period.  Any LTV Cure made pursuant to Section 7.19(b)(i) shall not be taken into account for purposes of calculating the LTV Covenant in order to determine pro forma compliance with the LTV Covenant for any other purpose hereunder, for determining compliance with any other covenant hereunder or under the Loan Documents and may not be used to make a Restricted Payment or for any other purpose; provided that cash on deposit in the LTV Cash Account may be included in the calculation of Available Cash for a fiscal quarter following the date on which such LTV Cure was made (and may be released from the LTV Cash Account by the Collateral Agent without any further consent from the Lenders) so long as (x) the Borrower has delivered to the Administrative Agent a Compliance Certificate demonstrating its calculation of the Loan to Value Ratio and certifying as to compliance with the LTV Covenant for the semi-annual period ending on the last day of such fiscal quarter (which shall be no earlier than the end of the semi-annual period following the Semi-Annual Date in respect of which the LTV Cure was made) and (y) the Restricted Payment is otherwise permitted by Section 7.15(a) for such fiscal quarter, in each case, without giving effect to any LTV Cure or DSCR Cure applied or applicable to such fiscal quarter or semi-annual period.  For the avoidance of doubt, an LTV Cure shall be deemed to be made on the last Business Day of the relevant semi-annual period even if such LTV Cure is made after such date.  Any additional Vessel contributed to the Borrower pursuant to Section 7.19(b)(ii) shall be a Collateral Vessel under this Agreement.
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7.20            Business Activities .  The Borrower will not, and will not permit any of its Subsidiaries to, engage in any business other than Permitted Businesses, except to such extent as would not be material to the Borrower and its Subsidiaries taken as a whole.
7.21            Earnings Accounts; Other Collateral Accounts .
(a)            The Borrower shall, and shall cause the other Borrower Group Parties to, at all times maintain the Earnings Accounts, and each Earnings Account shall at all times be in the name of the Borrower or a Borrower Subsidiary Guarantor and be subject to an Account Pledge/Control Agreement.
(b)            The Borrower shall, and shall cause each of its Subsidiaries to, subject all deposit accounts and securities accounts to Account Pledge/Control Agreements other than (A) accounts of the Borrower or its Subsidiaries on which a Lien is permitted pursuant to Section 7.13 (other than any such Lien that shall have been agreed by the Borrower or its Subsidiaries with the intent of avoiding compliance with this Section 7.21 ) or (B) any other payroll account, trust account, escrow account, zero balance account or substantially similar account, in each case to the extent remaining such type of account.
(c)            With respect to any Account Pledge/Control Agreement governing any deposit accounts or securities accounts of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries that does not, upon a termination of such Account Pledge/Control Agreement by the financial institution or securities intermediary party thereto, provide for a transfer of all amounts on deposit in, or credited to, such accounts on the effective date of termination thereof, the Collateral Agent shall be entitled, upon receipt of notice of any such termination by the Collateral Agent, no earlier than five Business Days prior to the effective date of such termination (and notwithstanding the absence of an Event of Default) to (A) issue instructions, entitlement orders or directions to such securities intermediary with respect to any such securities accounts (or securities entitlements) and (B) issue any instructions to any financial institution maintaining any deposit account in each case to liquidate such account and transfer all amounts on deposit in, or credited to, such accounts on the date of such termination to an account of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries subject to an Account Pledge/Control Agreement, if reasonably available, or, if such an account is not reasonably available, to the Collateral Agent.
7.22            Limitation on Asset Sales .
(a)            The Borrower will not, and will not permit any of its Subsidiaries to, directly or indirectly, consummate any Asset Sale unless:
(i)            the Borrower or the applicable Borrower Subsidiary Guarantor, as the case may be, receives consideration at the time of consummation of such Asset Sale at least equal to the Fair Market Value of the assets or Equity Interests issued or sold or otherwise disposed of;
(ii)            such Asset Sale is either of (1) the Borrower's or the applicable Borrower Subsidiary Guarantor's entire interest in a Collateral Vessel (the " Sold Collateral Vessel ") together with the applicable Related Assets; provided that the Borrower or the applicable Borrower Subsidiary Guarantor, as applicable, may elect to sell only the Sold
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Collateral Vessel and retain all or any portion of the Related Assets or (2) all the Capital Stock of the Borrower Subsidiary Guarantor that owns such Collateral Vessel and Related Assets;
(iii)            100% of the consideration received in such Asset Sale by the Borrower or such Borrower Subsidiary Guarantor is in the form of cash or Cash Equivalents; provided that the Borrower shall cause all Net Cash Proceeds received in respect of such Asset Sale to be deposited into a deposit account controlled by the Collateral Agent upon the receipt thereof and held as Collateral subject to a Lien under the Collateral Agreements pending the application of such funds in accordance with the terms of this Section 7.22 ; provided , however , the non-cash consideration described in clauses (b)(ii) and (b)(iii) below received is pledged as Collateral under the Collateral Agreements within 20 Business Days, in accordance with the requirements set forth in this Agreement;
(iv)            no Default or Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing unless such Default or Event of Default will be cured by the consummation of such Asset Sale; and
(v)            after consummating such Asset Sale, at least three Collateral Vessels, with an average remaining Collateral Vessel Contract duration with respect to all such Collateral Vessels' full capacity of at least 6 years (calculated as of the time of such Asset Sale) (i) are owned by the Borrowers and the Borrower Subsidiary Guarantors, (ii) constitute Collateral pledged to the Collateral Agent for the benefit of the Secured Parties and (iii) are not subject to any sale, disposition or Event of Total Loss.
(b)            For purposes of this provision, each of the following will be deemed to be cash:
(i)            any Indebtedness or other liabilities of the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries (other than contingent liabilities and liabilities that are by their terms subordinated to the Loan Document Obligations) that are assumed, repaid or retired by the transferee of any such assets so long as the Borrower or such Subsidiary is released from further liability;
(ii)            any securities, notes or other obligations received by the Borrower or any such Subsidiary from such transferee that are, subject to ordinary settlement periods, converted by the Borrower or such Subsidiary into cash or Cash Equivalents within three months following the closing of such Asset Sale, to the extent of the cash or Cash Equivalents received in that conversion; and
(iii)            any stock or assets of the kind referred to in Section 7.22(c)(i) .
(c)            Within 180 days after the receipt of any Net Cash Proceeds from an Asset Sale, the Borrower or the applicable Borrower Subsidiary Guarantor, as the case may be, may apply such Net Cash Proceeds at its option to any combination of the following (provided that, in the case of clause (i) below, no Default or Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing):
(i)            to acquire one or more Substitute Vessels and Related Assets, or all of the Capital Stock of any Person owning one or more Substitute Vessels, and to make any
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Permitted Repairs with respect to such Substitute Vessels, in substitute for such Sold Collateral Vessel; provided that (x) in the case of any such acquisition of the Capital Stock of any such Person, such Person is or becomes a Borrower Subsidiary Guarantor after giving effect to such acquisition and complies with Section 7.07 and the Collateral and Guarantee Requirements and (y) such Substitute Vessel shall be subject to a Ship Mortgage pursuant to which the Collateral Agent shall obtain a Lien, on a first-priority basis subject to Permitted Collateral Liens, on such Substitute Vessel for the benefit of the Secured Parties; or
(ii)            prepay Loans in accordance with Section 4.03,
provided that a binding commitment made within the 180-day period described above by the Borrower or the applicable Borrower Subsidiary Guarantor to apply Net Cash Proceeds from an Asset Sale in accordance with clause (i) above shall toll the 180-day period in respect of such Net Cash Proceeds for a period not to exceed 180 days from the expiration of the aforementioned 180-day period, provided that such Net Cash Proceeds are actually used within the later of 180 days from their receipt from such Asset Sale and 180 days from the date of such binding commitment.
(d)            If the Borrower elects to apply the Net Cash Proceeds from any Asset Sale pursuant to Section 7.22(c) , any excess amounts that are not applied or invested as provided in Section 7.22(c) will constitute " Excess Asset Sale Proceeds ", and the Borrower will, or will cause the applicable Borrower Subsidiary Guarantor to, within five Business Days thereof, prepay the Loans in an amount equal to such Excess Asset Sale Proceeds in accordance with Section 4.03 .  If the Borrower elects not to apply the Net Cash Proceeds from any Asset Sale pursuant to Section 7.22(c) , the Borrower shall prepay the principal of the Loans in an amount equal to the greater of (x) $100,000,000 and (y) the Relevant Percentage of the Loans (in each case, with Net Cash Proceeds from such Asset Sale, any other cash available to the Borrower (including the proceeds of cash equity contributions to the Borrower) or any combination thereof).
(e)            Pending the final application of any Net Cash Proceeds from Asset Sales, the Borrower Group Parties may invest such Net Cash Proceeds in cash and Cash Equivalents.
(f)            Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in this Section 7.22 with respect to any Asset Sale that is an Event of Loss, such Event of Loss and the Net Cash Proceeds in respect thereof will be governed by Section 4.02(a) and not this Section 7.22 .
7.23            Subsidiaries .  The Borrower will not, and will not permit any of its Subsidiaries to, (a) become a general partner in any general or limited partnership or joint venture or (b) create any Subsidiary or cause, in any manner, any Person to become a Subsidiary other than (i) those Subsidiaries of the Borrower existing as of the Closing Date and (ii) a Person that will hold an Additional Collateral Vessel and related Assets, if any, selected by the Borrower in respect thereof, subject to compliance with Section 7.07 and the Collateral and Guarantee Requirement in respect of such Person and such Additional Collateral Vessel and Related Assets.
7.24            Activities of Finco .  Finco may not hold assets, become liable for any obligations or engage in any business activities; provided that it may be a co-borrower or co-issuer with
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respect to the Loan Document Obligations or any other Indebtedness issued or Incurred by the Borrower and may engage in any activities directly related thereto or in connection therewith.  Finco shall be a wholly owned Subsidiary of the Borrower at all times.
7.25            Use of Proceeds .  The Borrowers shall use the proceeds of the Term Loans on the Closing Date (a) to consummate the Refinancings; (b) to pay fees and expenses incurred in connection with the Transactions; and (c) with respect to the remaining proceeds of the Loans after giving effect to the foregoing applications, for general corporate purposes of the Parent, the Borrowers and the Borrower Subsidiary Guarantors.  No part of the proceeds of the Term Loans will be used, directly or indirectly, in violation of any Anti-Corruption Laws.
7.26            Consents to Assignment .  The Borrower shall, and shall cause each applicable Borrower Subsidiary Guarantor to, (i) execute and deliver Charter Assignments covering each Collateral Vessel Contract to the extent required under the Collateral and Guarantee Requirements and (ii) use commercially reasonable efforts to obtain Consents to Assignments substantially in the form attached to the Charter Assignment (or another form reasonably acceptable to the Administrative Agent) with respect to each Collateral Vessel Contract entered into after the Closing Date, in the case of this clause (ii), having a term (excluding possible extensions) exceeding fifteen months, within 90 days following execution and delivery thereof.
7.27            [Intentionally Omitted] .
7.28            Limitations on Certain Amendments .  The Borrower shall not, and shall not permit or cause any of its Subsidiaries to, (a) amend, modify or change any provision of their respective organizational documents, provided that (i) the Borrower and/or any of its Subsidiaries may effect a change to its organizational form and/or consummate any other transaction that is permitted under Section 7.14 and (ii) any Borrower Subsidiary Guarantor may change its jurisdiction of organization to the jurisdiction of a different Permitted Jurisdiction as may be required or advisable in connection with its performance under the Collateral Vessel Contracts so long as such Borrower Subsidiary Guarantor shall have caused such documents, amendments, supplements or other instruments with respect to the Collateral Agreements to be executed, delivered, filed and recorded, as applicable, in such jurisdiction to preserve and protect the Lien of the Collateral Agent on any Collateral relating to such Borrower Subsidiary Guarantor and has delivered an opinion of counsel as to the enforceability thereof, the enforceability of the obligations of such Borrower Subsidiary Guarantor under the Loans, this Agreement and the other Loan Documents and such other matters as the Administrative Agent may reasonably request, (b) amend, modify or change, or permit the amendment, modification or changing of any documents evidencing any Subordinated Debt other than, in the case of clauses (a) and (b), in a manner that is not materially adverse to the Lenders, provided that the foregoing limitation shall not otherwise prohibit any Permitted Refinancing Indebtedness or any other replacement, refinancing, amendment, supplement, modification, extension, renewal, restatement or refunding of any such Indebtedness that is permitted under this Agreement in respect thereof or (c) cancel or terminate any Collateral Vessel Contract or consent to any cancellation or termination thereof, or amend, modify or change any term or condition of any Collateral Vessel Contract or give any consent, waiver or approval thereunder, waive any default under or any breach of any term or condition of any Material Contract or cause or allow the assignment of the rights or obligations of the Borrower (or its Subsidiaries) to any Material Contract; provided that,
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in the case of this clause (c), the Borrower and its Subsidiaries may enter into amendments of any Collateral Vessel Contract and give consents, waivers or approvals thereunder, and waive any default under or breach of any term or condition of any Material Contract, so long as any such amendment, consent, waiver or approval is entered into in the ordinary course of business and is not material or adverse to the Lenders; provided , further that any reduction in the rate or term of any Collateral Vessel Contract (including any Existing Charter) shall be deemed to be a material amendment, consent, waiver or approval, as applicable, unless such reduction in rate or term, together with any other reductions in rate or term made to such Collateral Vessel Contract since the Closing Date, (i) is less than 15% of the rate of such Collateral Vessel Contract as of the Closing Date or the remaining term of such Collateral Vessel Contract, as applicable, and (ii) does not result, after taking into effect any other amendments made to such Collateral Vessel Contract (or any Existing Charters or Collateral Vessel Contract entered into after the Closing Date) in accordance with the Loan Documents, in a decrease in the present value of the aggregate charter hire payments of the Existing Charters or any other Collateral Vessel Contracts entered into after the Closing Date except as otherwise permitted herein or in any other Loan Document.
7.29            Intentionally Omitted .
7.30            Substitute Vessel under Yamal Charters .  Notwithstanding Section 7.3 of the Lena River Yamal Charter and Section 7.3 of the Yenisei River Yamal Charter, the Borrowers, the Lena River Subsidiary and the Yenisei River Subsidiary shall not permit an alternative Vessel to replace Vessel D or Vessel F, as applicable, under the Lena River Yamal Charter or the Yenisei River Yamal Charter, respectively.
SECTION 8.            Events of Default and Remedies .
(a)            Each of the following specified events shall constitute an " Event of Default ":
(i)            default in any payment of interest with respect to Loan Document Obligations, any Loan or Note when due and continued for five days;
(ii)            default in the payment when due (at maturity, upon redemption or required repurchase, upon declaration of acceleration or otherwise) of the principal of, or premium, if any, on, any Loan or Note or any other amounts owing hereunder or under any other Loan Document;
(iii)            failure by the Borrower, Finco or any Borrower Subsidiary Guarantor, to the extent applicable to such Person, to observe and perform any covenant, condition or agreement contained in Sections 7.02 , 7.05(a)(i) , 7.05(a)(ii) , 7.06(a) , 7.08 , 7.12 , 7.13 , 7.14 , 7.15 , 7.16 , 7.17 , 7.18 , 7.19, , 7.20, 7.21, 7.22, 7.23, 7.24, 7.25, 7.26 and 7.27 ;
(iv)            failure by any Loan Party to comply with any covenant or agreement contained in this Agreement or in any other Loan Document (other than a default referred to in clauses (i), (ii) and (iii) above), which failure shall remain unremedied for 30 days after the date on which written notice thereof shall have been given to the Borrower by the Administrative Agent or any Lender (provided that the Borrower has complied with the covenant
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set forth in Section 7.06(a) ; otherwise, 30 days after any officer of any Loan Party becomes aware of such failure);
(v)            default under any mortgage, indenture or instrument under which there is issued or by which there is secured or evidenced any Indebtedness for money borrowed by any Loan Party (or the payment of which is guaranteed by any Loan Party), whether such Indebtedness or guarantee now exists or is created after the Closing Date, if that default:
(A)            is caused by a failure to pay principal of, or interest or premium, if any, on, such Indebtedness prior to the expiration of the grace period provided in such Indebtedness on the date of such default (a " Payment Default "); or
(B)            results in the acceleration of such Indebtedness prior to its Stated Maturity,
and, in either case, the principal amount of any such Indebtedness, together with the principal amount of any other such Indebtedness under which there has been a Payment Default or the maturity of which has been so accelerated, aggregates $30,000,000 or more;
(vi)            failure by any Loan Party to pay final judgments entered by a court or courts of competent jurisdiction aggregating in excess of $30,000,000, which judgments are not paid, discharged or stayed for a period of 60 days after the due date thereof;
(vii) (i) breach by any Loan Party of any material representation or warranty or agreement in the Collateral Agreements, the repudiation by any Loan Party of any of its obligations under the Collateral Agreements or the unenforceability of the Collateral Agreements against any Loan Party for any reason; (ii) the Collateral Agreements shall for any reason cease to create a valid and perfected first-priority Lien on any portion of the Collateral having a Fair Market Value in excess of $20,000,000 (in each case, other than in accordance with the terms of this Agreement or the terms of the Collateral Agreements) or (iii) any Loan Party or any of their respective Affiliates asserts in writing that any Loan Documents, Loan Guarantee or Lien created under the Collateral Agreements is invalid or unenforceable;
(viii)            except as permitted by this Agreement or any Loan Guarantee, any Loan Guarantee is held in any judicial proceeding to be unenforceable or invalid or ceases for any reason to be in full force and effect, or any Guarantor denies or disaffirms its obligations under its Loan Guarantee;
(ix)            any of the Loan Parties takes any of the following actions, pursuant to or within the meaning of any Bankruptcy Law:
(A)            commences a voluntary case;
(B)            consents in writing to the entry of an order for relief against it in an involuntary case;
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(C)            consents in writing to the appointment of a Custodian of it or for all or substantially all of its property;
(D)            makes a general assignment for the benefit of its creditors;
(E)            admits in writing it generally is not paying its debts as they become due; or
(F)            a court of competent jurisdiction enters an order or decree under any Bankruptcy Law, which order or decree remains unstayed and in effect for 60 consecutive days, that:
(a)            is for relief against such Loan Party in an involuntary case;
(b)            appoints a Custodian (1) of such Loan Party, or (2) for all or substantially all of the property of such Loan Party; or
(c)            orders the liquidation of such Loan Party;
(x)            any representation, warranty or statement made by or on behalf of a Loan Party in any Loan Document or in any report, certificate or financial statement provided pursuant to or in connection with any Loan Document or any amendment or modification thereof or waiver thereunder shall prove to have been untrue in any material respect on the date made;
(xi)            the occurrence of one or more ERISA Events that could, either individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect;
(xii)            a Change of Control shall occur; or
(xiii)            the termination of, or the receipt by any Loan Party of notice of the termination of, any Material Contract (in each case, other than as a result of the expiration of its term in accordance with the terms thereof) or the occurrence of any event of default (however defined, but after any applicable grace or cure period set forth in such Material Contract has passed) or other event or condition under any Material Contract which would entitle the counterparty thereof to immediately terminate such Material Contract, except to the extent that the applicable Loan Party enters into a Replacement Project Contract within 180 days thereafter; provided that such 180-day period shall be extended for an additional 180 days (to a total period of 360 days) so long as (A) the applicable Loan Party has notified the Administrative Agent that it intends to replace such Material Contract and is diligently pursuing such replacement and (B) such additional cure period could not reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect.
(b)            In the case of an Event of Default described in clause (ix) above, with respect to any Loan Party, all outstanding Loan Document Obligations will become due and payable immediately without further action or notice.  If any other Event of Default occurs and is continuing, the Administrative Agent or the Required Lenders may (and the Administrative Agent will, if directed by the Required Lenders) declare all the Loans to be due and payable
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immediately (and thereupon the principal of the Loans so declared to be due and payable, together with accrued interest thereon and all fees and other obligations of the Borrowers under the Loan Documents shall become due and payable).
(c)            After the exercise of remedies (including rights of setoff) provided for in clause (a) above (or after the Loans have automatically become immediately due and payable), any amounts received on account of the Secured Obligations (whether as a result of a payment under a Guarantee Agreement, any realization on the Collateral, any setoff rights, any distribution in connection with any proceedings or other action of any Loan Party in respect of Bankruptcy Laws or otherwise and whether received in cash or otherwise) shall be applied by the Administrative Agent and/or the Collateral Agent, without duplication, in the following order:
First, to payment of that portion of the Secured Obligations constituting fees, indemnities, expenses and other amounts (other than principal and interest) payable to the Administrative Agent and the Collateral Agent in their respective capacities as such;
Second, to payment of that portion of the Secured Obligations constituting indemnities, expenses and other similar amounts (other than principal and interest and commitment, closing, upfront and similar fees) payable to the applicable Secured Parties, ratably among them in proportion to the amounts described in this clause Second payable to them;
Third, to payment of that portion of the Secured Obligations constituting fees and accrued and unpaid interest on the Term Loans, the Secured Hedging Obligations, the Secured Cash Management Obligations, ratably among the applicable Secured Parties in proportion to the respective amounts described in this clause Third payable to them;
Fourth, to payment of that portion of the Secured Obligations constituting unpaid principal of, or the termination or close-out amount or similar amount of, the Term Loans, the Secured Hedging Obligations and the Secured Cash Management Obligations all other due and payable unpaid Secured Obligations, ratably among the applicable Secured Parties in proportion to the respective amounts described in this clause Fourth held by them; and
Last, the balance, if any, after all of the Secured Obligations have been indefeasibly paid in full, to the Borrowers or as otherwise required by applicable law.
SECTION 9.            The Administrative Agent .
9.01            Appointment .  The Lenders in their capacities as Lenders hereby irrevocably designate and appoint Credit Suisse, as Administrative Agent and Collateral Agent to act as specified herein and in the other Loan Documents (including executing and delivering such Loan Documents on the Lenders' behalf).  Each Lender hereby irrevocably authorizes the Administrative Agent and the Collateral Agent to take such action on its behalf under the provisions of this Agreement, the other Loan Documents and any other instruments and agreements referred to herein or therein and to exercise such powers and to perform such duties hereunder and thereunder as are specifically delegated to or required of the Administrative Agent or the Collateral Agent, as the case may be, by the terms hereof and thereof and such other powers as are reasonably incidental thereto.  The Administrative Agent and the Collateral Agent may perform any of its respective duties hereunder by or through its officers, directors, agents,
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employees or affiliates.  For purpose of this Section 9 , the term "Administrative Agent" shall be deemed to also refer to the Collateral Agent.  In performing its functions and duties hereunder, the Administrative Agent shall act solely as an agent of the Lenders and does not assume and shall not be deemed to have assumed any obligations towards or relationship of agency or trust with or for the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries.  The provisions of this Section 9 are solely for the benefit of the Agents and the Lenders, and neither the Borrowers nor any other Loan Party shall have rights as a third-party beneficiary of any of such provisions.
9.02            Nature of Duties .
(a)            The Administrative Agent shall not have any duties or responsibilities except those expressly set forth in this Agreement and in the other Loan Documents.  Neither the Administrative Agent nor any of its officers, directors, agents, employees or affiliates shall be liable for any action taken or omitted by it or them hereunder or under any other Loan Document or in connection herewith or therewith, unless caused by its or their gross negligence or willful misconduct (as determined by a court of competent jurisdiction in a final and non–appealable decision).  The duties of the Administrative Agent shall be mechanical and administrative in nature; the Administrative Agent shall not have by reason of this Agreement or any other Loan Document a fiduciary relationship in respect of any Lender, and nothing in this Agreement or in any other Loan Document, expressed or implied, is intended to or shall be so construed as to impose upon the Administrative Agent any obligations in respect of this Agreement or any other Loan Document except as expressly set forth herein or therein.
(b)            It is understood and agreed that the use of the term "agent" herein or in any other Loan Documents (or any other similar term) with reference to the Administrative Agent in such capacity is not intended to connote any fiduciary or other implied (or express) obligations arising under agency doctrine of any applicable law.  Instead such term is used as a matter of market custom, and is intended to create or reflect only an administrative relationship between contracting parties.
(c)            The Administrative Agent, in such capacity, shall not have any duties or obligations except those expressly set forth herein and in the other Loan Documents, and its duties hereunder shall be administrative in nature.  Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the Administrative Agent:
(i)            shall not be subject to any fiduciary or other implied duties, regardless of whether a Default or an Event of Default has occurred and is continuing;
(ii)            shall not have any duty to take any discretionary action or exercise any discretionary powers, except discretionary rights and powers expressly contemplated hereby or by the other Loan Documents that the Administrative Agent is required to exercise as directed in writing by the Required Lenders (or such other number or percentage of the Lenders as shall be expressly provided for herein or in the other Loan Documents); provided that the Administrative Agent shall not be required to take any action that, in its opinion or the opinion of its counsel, may expose the Administrative Agent to liability or that is contrary to any Loan Document or applicable law;
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(iii)            shall not, except as expressly set forth herein and in the other Loan Documents, have any duty to disclose, and shall not be liable for the failure to disclose, any information relating to the Parent or any of its Affiliates that is communicated to or obtained by the Person serving as the Administrative Agent or any of its Affiliates in any capacity; and
(iv)            shall not be responsible or have any liability for, or have any duty to ascertain, inquire into, monitor or enforce, compliance with the provisions hereof relating to Disqualified Institutions.  Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the Administrative Agent shall not (x) be obligated to ascertain, monitor or inquire as to whether any Lender or Participant or prospective Lender or Participant is a Disqualified Institution or (y) have any liability with respect to or arising out of any assignment or participation of Loans, or disclosure of confidential information, to any Disqualified Institution.
(d)            The Administrative Agent shall not be liable for any action taken or not taken by it (i) with the consent or at the request of the Required Lenders (or such other number or percentage of the Lenders as shall be necessary, or as the Administrative Agent shall believe in good faith shall be necessary, under the circumstances as provided in Section 10.12 and Section 8), or (ii) in the absence of its own gross negligence or willful misconduct as determined by a court of competent jurisdiction by final and nonappealable judgment.  The Administrative Agent shall be deemed not to have knowledge of any Default unless and until notice describing such Default is given to the Administrative Agent in writing by the Borrowers or a Lender.
9.03            Lack of Reliance on the Administrative Agent .  Independently and without reliance upon the Administrative Agent, each Lender, to the extent it deems appropriate, has made and shall continue to make (a) its own independent investigation of the financial condition and affairs of the Parent and its Subsidiaries in connection with the making and the continuance of the Loans and the taking or not taking of any action in connection herewith and (b) its own appraisal of the creditworthiness of the Parent and its Subsidiaries and, except as expressly provided in this Agreement, the Administrative Agent shall not have any duty or responsibility, either initially or on a continuing basis, to provide any Lender with any credit or other information with respect thereto, whether coming into its possession before the making of the Loans or at any time or times thereafter.  The Administrative Agent shall not be responsible to any Lender for any recitals, statements, information, representations or warranties herein or in any document, certificate or other writing delivered in connection herewith or for the execution, effectiveness, genuineness, validity, enforceability, perfection, collectability, priority or sufficiency of this Agreement or any other Loan Document or the financial condition of the Parent and their Subsidiaries or be required to make any inquiry concerning either the performance or observance of any of the terms, provisions or conditions of this Agreement or any other Loan Document, or the financial condition of the Parent and their Subsidiaries or the existence or possible existence of any Default or Event of Default.
9.04            Certain Rights of the Administrative Agent .  If the Administrative Agent requests instructions from the Required Lenders with respect to any act or action (including failure to act) in connection with this Agreement or any other Loan Document, the Administrative Agent shall be entitled to refrain from such act or taking such action unless and until the Administrative Agent shall have received instructions from the Required Lenders; and the Administrative Agent shall not incur liability to any Lender by reason of so refraining.  Without limiting the foregoing,
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no Lender shall have any right of action whatsoever against the Administrative Agent as a result of the Administrative Agent acting or refraining from acting hereunder or under any other Loan Document in accordance with the instructions of the Required Lenders.
9.05            Reliance .  The Administrative Agent shall be entitled to rely, and shall be fully protected in relying, upon any note, writing, resolution, notice, statement, certificate, telex, teletype or telecopier message, cablegram, radiogram, order or other document or telephone message signed, sent or made by any Person that the Administrative Agent believed to be the proper Person, and, with respect to all legal matters pertaining to this Agreement and any other Loan Document and its duties hereunder and thereunder, upon advice of counsel selected by the Administrative Agent.  The Administrative Agent also may rely upon any statement made to it orally or by telephone and believed by it to have been made by the proper Person, and shall not incur any liability for relying thereon.  In determining compliance with any condition hereunder to the making of a Loan, that by its terms must be fulfilled to the satisfaction of a Lender, the Administrative Agent may presume that such condition is satisfactory to such Lender unless the Administrative Agent shall have received notice to the contrary from such Lender prior to the making of such Loan.  The Administrative Agent may consult with legal counsel (who may be counsel for the Borrower), independent accountants and other experts selected by it, and shall not be liable for any action taken or not taken by it in accordance with the advice of any such counsel, accountants or experts.
9.06            Indemnification .  To the extent the Administrative Agent (or any affiliate thereof) is not reimbursed and indemnified by the Borrowers or the Guarantors, the Lenders will reimburse and indemnify the Administrative Agent (and its Affiliates and their respective partners, members, directors, officers, agents, employees and controlling persons (if any)) in proportion to their respective Percentages (without duplication, in respect of all Classes of unsecured unterminated Commitments and Loans, in each case, on a combined basis at such time), for and against any and all liabilities, obligations, losses, damages, penalties, claims, actions, judgments, costs, expenses or disbursements of whatsoever kind or nature which may be imposed on, asserted against or incurred by the Administrative Agent (or any affiliate thereof) in performing its duties hereunder or under any other Loan Document, or in any way relating to or arising out of this Agreement or any other Loan Document; provided that no Lender shall be liable for any portion of such liabilities, obligations, losses, damages, penalties, claims, actions, judgments, suits, costs, expenses or disbursements resulting from the Administrative Agent's (or such affiliate's) gross negligence or willful misconduct (as determined by a court of competent jurisdiction in a final and non-appealable decision); provided, further, that nothing in this Section 9.06 shall serve to relieve any Loan Party of its indemnification obligations under this Agreement and the other Loan Documents.
9.07            The Administrative Agent in its Individual Capacity .  With respect to its obligation to make Loans under this Agreement, Credit Suisse AG shall have the rights and powers specified herein for a "Lender" and may exercise the same rights and powers as though it were not performing the Administrative Agent duties specified herein; and the term "Lender," "Required Lenders" or any similar terms shall, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, include Credit Suisse AG in its respective individual capacities.  The Administrative Agent and its Affiliates may accept deposits from, lend money to, and generally engage in any kind of banking, investment banking, trust or other business with, or provide debt financing, equity
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capital or other services (including financial advisory services) to any Loan Party or any Affiliate of any Loan Party (or any Person engaged in a similar business with any Loan Party or any Affiliate thereof) as if they were not performing the duties specified herein, and may accept fees and other consideration from any Loan Party or any Affiliate of any Loan Party for services in connection with this Agreement and otherwise without having to account for the same to the Lenders.
9.08            Resignation by the Administrative Agent .
(a)            The Administrative Agent may resign from the performance of all its respective functions and duties hereunder and/or under the other Loan Documents at any time by giving written notice to the Lenders and, unless a Default or an Event of Default under Section 8(a)(ix) then exists, the Borrowers.  Such resignation shall take effect upon the appointment of a successor Administrative Agent pursuant to clauses (b) and (c) below or as otherwise provided below.
(b)            Upon any such notice of resignation by the Administrative Agent, the Required Lenders shall appoint a successor Administrative Agent hereunder or thereunder who shall be a commercial bank or trust company reasonably acceptable to the Borrowers, which acceptance shall not be unreasonably withheld or delayed ( provided that the Borrowers' approval shall not be required if an Event of Default then exists).  In no event shall any such successor Administrative Agent be an Affiliated Lender or a Disqualified Institution.
(c)            If a successor Administrative Agent shall not have been so appointed within 15 days of the date of the applicable notice of resignation, the Administrative Agent may then (but is not obligated to) appoint a successor Administrative Agent who shall serve as Administrative Agent hereunder or thereunder until such time, if any, as the Required Lenders appoint a successor Administrative Agent as provided above.
(d)            The Administrative Agent's resignation will, to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, be effective on the earlier of (i) the date a replacement Administrative Agent is appointed and (ii) the date 30 days after the giving of such notice of resignation by the Administrative Agent (regardless of whether a replacement Administrative Agent has been appointed pursuant to clauses (b) and (c) above).  If no successor Administrative Agent has been appointed pursuant to clause (b) or (c) by the date on which the Administrative Agent's resignation becomes effective, the Required Lenders shall thereafter perform all the duties of the Administrative Agent hereunder and/or under any other Loan Document until such time, if any, as the Required Lenders appoint a successor Administrative Agent as provided above.  With respect to the Security Trustee, its resignation will, to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, only become effective on the date a replacement Security Trustee is appointed and such replacement Security Trustee has accepted such appointment.
(e)            With effect from the date that the Administrative Agent's resignation is effective (i) the retiring Administrative Agent shall be discharged from its duties and obligations hereunder and under the other Loan Documents and (ii) except for any indemnity payments owed to the retiring Administrative Agent, all payments, communications and determinations provided to be made by, to or through the Administrative Agent shall instead be made by or to
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each Lender directly, until such time, if any, as the Required Lenders appoint a successor Administrative Agent as provided for above.  Upon the acceptance of a successor's appointment as Administrative Agent hereunder, such successor shall succeed to and become vested with all of the rights, powers, privileges and duties of the retiring Administrative Agent (other than any rights to indemnity payments owed to the retiring or removed Administrative Agent), and the retiring Administrative Agent shall be discharged from all of its duties and obligations hereunder or under the other Loan Documents.  The fees payable by the Borrowers to a successor Administrative Agent shall be the same as those payable to its predecessor unless otherwise agreed between the Borrowers and such successor.  After the retiring Administrative Agent's resignation hereunder and under the other Loan Documents, the provisions of this Section 9 shall continue in effect for the benefit of such retiring Administrative Agent, its sub-agents and their respective Related Parties in respect of any actions taken or omitted to be taken by any of them while the retiring Administrative Agent was acting as Administrative Agent.  The parties hereto acknowledge and agree that any resignation by the Administrative Agent is not effective with respect to its rights and obligations under the Parallel Debt (as defined in any Collateral Agreement) expressed to be governed by the laws of the Netherlands until such rights and obligations have been assigned to and assumed by the successor Administrative Agent.  The Administrative Agent will reasonably cooperate in assigning its rights under the Parallel Debt (as defined in any Collateral Agreement) expressed to be governed by the laws of the Netherlands to any such successor Administrative Agent and will reasonably cooperate in transferring all rights under any Collateral Agreement expressed to be governed by the laws of the Netherlands to such successor Administrative Agent.
9.09            Delegation of Duties .  The Administrative Agent and the Collateral Agent may perform any and all of their respective duties and exercise their respective rights and powers hereunder or under any other Loan Document by or through any one or more sub-agents or co-agents appointed by the Administrative Agent or the Collateral Agent, as applicable.  The Administrative Agent, the Collateral Agent and any such sub-agent or co-agent may perform any and all of their respective duties and exercise their respective rights and powers by or through their respective Related Parties.  The exculpatory provisions of this Section 9 shall apply to any such sub-agent or co-agent and to the Related Parties of the Administrative Agent, the Collateral Agent and any such sub-agent or co-agent, as applicable, and shall apply to their respective activities in connection with the syndication of the Loans as well as activities as Administrative Agent, Collateral Agent, sub-agent or co-agent, as applicable.  The Administrative Agent and the Collateral Agent shall not be responsible for the negligence or misconduct of any sub-agents or co-agents except to the extent that a court of competent jurisdiction determines in a final and nonappealable judgment that the Administrative Agent or the Collateral Agent, as applicable, acted with gross negligence or willful misconduct in the selection of such sub-agents or co-agents.
9.11            Other Agents .  Notwithstanding any provision to the contrary contained elsewhere in this Agreement or in any other Loan Document, none of the Joint Global Coordinators or Joint Bookrunners (collectively, the " Other Agents ") shall have any powers, duties or responsibilities, nor shall the Other Agents have or be deemed to have any fiduciary relationship with any Lender, and no implied covenants, functions, responsibilities, duties, obligations or liabilities shall be read into this Agreement or any other Loan Document or otherwise exist against any Other Agent.
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9.12            Security Trustee .  The Lenders in their capacities as Lenders and the counterparties (other than the Borrower or any Subsidiary of the Borrower) to any agreement the obligations under which constitute Secured Cash Management Obligations or Secured Hedging Obligations in their capacities as such (the " Secured Counterparties ") hereby irrevocably designate and appoint Credit Suisse AG, as security trustee (in such capacity, the " Security Trustee ") to act as specified herein and in the Ship Mortgages and other Loan Documents.  For purposes of Maltese law, the Administrative Agent will act as security trustee for the benefit of the Lenders and each of the Lenders authorizes the Administrative Agent to act as Security Trustee for the benefit of the Lenders with respect to the execution and registration in favor of the Administrative Agent as Security Trustee of the Ship Mortgage relating to Vessel A and for the purposes of the Civil Code (Chapter 16 Laws of Malta), the Merchant Shipping Act (Chapter 234 Laws of Malta) and the laws of Malta generally.  Each Lender and each Agent (on behalf of itself any of its Affiliates that is a Secured Counterparty) and hereby irrevocably authorizes, each holder of any Note by the acceptance of such Note shall be deemed irrevocably to authorize or to have authorized, as the case may be, and each Secured Counterparty by the entrance into the applicable hedging agreement or agreement to provide cash management services shall be deemed irrevocably to authorize or to have authorized, the Security Trustee to take such action on its behalf under the provisions of this Agreement, the Ship Mortgages, the other Loan Documents and any other instruments and agreements referred to herein or therein and to exercise such powers and to perform such duties hereunder and thereunder as are specifically delegated to or required of the Security Trustee, as the case may be, by the terms hereof and thereof and such other powers as are reasonably incidental thereto.  The Security Trustee hereby declares that it will hold as such trustee in trust for the benefit of the Secured Parties those of the Ship Mortgages and other Loan Documents to be executed and delivered in favor of the Security Trustee, from and after the execution and delivery thereof, and the Security Trustee hereby accepts its appointment as trustee and agrees to hold, receive, administer and enforce the Ship Mortgages and other Loan Documents and the Collateral covered thereby, which Ship Mortgages and the other Loan Documents and Collateral shall constitute the corpus of the trust, for the benefit of the Secured Counterparties in accordance with the terms hereof and thereof, but the Security Trustee shall have no obligations hereunder or under any of the Ship Mortgages and the other Loan Documents except those obligations of the Security Trustee expressly set forth herein or therein.  The Security Trustee may perform any of its respective duties hereunder by or through its officers, directors, agents, employees or affiliates.  For purposes of the duties, reliance, rights, indemnification, expense reimbursement, individual capacity, holders, resignation and co-agents provisions in this Section 9 and Section 10.01 , the term "Administrative Agent" shall be deemed to also refer to the Security Trustee.
SECTION 10.            Miscellaneous .
10.01            Payment of Expenses, etc .  The Borrowers hereby agree to: (a) pay all reasonable and documented out-of-pocket costs and expenses of the Administrative Agent and the Collateral Agent (including the reasonable fees and disbursements of Latham & Watkins LLP and maritime counsel and a single local counsel in each appropriate jurisdiction, and, in the case of a conflict of interest, one additional counsel in each jurisdiction to such affected parties similarly situated) in connection with the administration of this Agreement and the other Loan Documents and the documents and instruments referred to herein and therein and in connection with the preparation, negotiation, execution, delivery and administration of any amendment,
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waiver or consent relating hereto or thereto, and each of the Agents and Lenders in connection with the enforcement of this Agreement and the other Loan Documents and the documents and instruments referred to herein and therein or protection of their rights hereunder or thereunder or in connection with any refinancing or restructuring of the credit arrangements provided under this Agreement in the nature of a "work-out" or pursuant to any insolvency or bankruptcy proceedings; (b) pay and hold the Administrative Agent, the Collateral Agent and each of the Lenders harmless from and against any and all present and future stamp, documentary, transfer, sales and use, value added, excise and other similar taxes with respect to the foregoing matters, the performance of any obligation under this Agreement or any other Loan Document or any payment thereunder, and save the Administrative Agent, the Collateral Agent and each of the Lenders harmless from and against any and all liabilities with respect to or resulting from any delay or omission (other than to the extent attributable to the Administrative Agent, the Collateral Agent or such Lender) to pay such taxes; and (c) indemnify the Agents, the Collateral Agent and each Lender, and each of their respective Affiliates and Related Parties (each, an "Indemnified Party") from and hold each of them harmless against any and all liabilities, obligations (including removal or remedial actions), losses, damages, penalties, claims, actions, judgments, suits, costs, expenses and disbursements (including, without limitation, the fees, charges and disbursements of one firm of counsel for all such Indemnified Parties, taken as a whole (other than the Collateral Agent which shall be entitled to separate counsel), and, if necessary, of a single firm of maritime counsel and a single firm of local counsel in each applicable jurisdiction (which may include a single firm of special counsel acting in multiple jurisdictions) for all such Indemnified Parties, taken as a whole (and, in the case of an actual or perceived conflict of interest where the Indemnified Party affected by such conflict informs the Borrowers of such conflict and thereafter retains its own counsel, of another firm of counsel for such affected Indemnified Party and, if necessary, of a single firm of maritime counsel and a single firm of local counsel in each applicable jurisdiction (which may include a single firm of special counsel acting in multiple jurisdictions) for such affected Indemnified Party)) incurred by, imposed on or assessed against any of them as a result of, or arising out of, or in any way related to, or by reason of, any claim, investigation, litigation or other proceeding (whether or not any Indemnified Party is a party thereto and whether or not such investigation, litigation or other proceeding is brought by or on behalf of any Loan Party or any third party) related to the entering into and/or performance of this Agreement or any other Loan Document or the proceeds of any Loans hereunder or the consummation of the Transactions or any other transactions contemplated herein or in any other Loan Document or the exercise of any of their rights or remedies provided herein or in the other Loan Documents, or (ii) the actual or alleged presence or Release of Hazardous Materials in the air, surface water or groundwater or on the surface or subsurface of any Vessel or Real Property at any time owned, leased or operated by any of the Borrowers or any of their Subsidiaries, the generation, storage, transportation, handling, disposal or Release of Hazardous Materials by any of the Borrowers or any of their Subsidiaries at any location, whether or not owned, leased or operated by any of the Borrowers or any of their Subsidiaries, the noncompliance with Environmental Law (including applicable permits thereunder) applicable to any Vessel or Real Property at any time owned, leased, operated or occupied by any of the Borrowers or any of their Subsidiaries, or any Environmental Claim related to the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries, or any Vessel or Real Property at any time owned, leased, operated or occupied by any of the Borrowers or any of their Subsidiaries, including, in each case, the reasonable fees and disbursements of counsel and other consultants
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incurred in connection with any such investigation, litigation, claim or other proceeding, or any other liability or obligation under Environmental Law relating in any way to the Borrower or its Subsidiaries; provided that no such Indemnified Party will be indemnified for costs, expenses, losses, claims, damages, penalties or liabilities (a) to the extent determined by a final, non-appealable judgment of a court of competent jurisdiction to have resulted from the fraud, gross negligence or willful misconduct of such Indemnified Party, (b) to the extent resulting from a claim brought by any Loan Party or any of its Subsidiaries against such Indemnified Party for material breach in bad faith of such Indemnified Party's obligations hereunder, if such Loan Party or such Subsidiary has obtained a final and non-appealable judgment in its or its Subsidiary's favor on such claim, as determined by a court of competent jurisdiction or (c) to the extent resulting from a proceeding that does not involve an act or omission by the Borrower or any of its Affiliates and that is brought by an Indemnified Party against any other Indemnified Party (other than claims against any Joint Global Coordinator, Joint Bookrunner, arranger, bookrunner or agent in its capacity as, or in fulfilling its role as, Joint Global Coordinator, Joint Bookrunner, arranger, bookrunner or agent, or any similar role, under this Agreement).  To the extent that the undertaking to indemnify, pay or hold harmless any Indemnified Party set forth in the preceding sentence may be unenforceable because it is violative of any law or public policy, the Borrowers shall make the maximum contribution to the payment and satisfaction of each of the indemnified liabilities which is permissible under applicable law.
Without limiting the Borrowers' reimbursement, indemnification and contribution obligations set forth in this Section 10.01 , in no event will such Indemnified Party have any liability for any indirect, consequential, special or punitive damages in connection with or as a result of such Indemnified Party's activities related to this Agreement or the other Loan Documents.  In no event will the Borrowers have any liability to the Indemnified Parties for any indirect, consequential, special or punitive damages in connection with or as a result of the Borrowers' activities relating to this Agreement or the other Loan Documents, other than reimbursement, indemnity and contribution obligations set forth in this Section 10.01 relating to indirect, consequential, special or punitive damages for which an Indemnified Party is liable.
10.02            Right of Setoff .  In addition to any rights now or hereafter granted under applicable law or otherwise, and not by way of limitation of any such rights, upon the occurrence and during the continuance of an Event of Default, the Administrative Agent, the Collateral Agent and each Lender is hereby authorized at any time or from time to time, without presentment, demand, protest or other notice of any kind to the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries or to any other Person, any such notice being hereby expressly waived, to set off and to appropriate and apply any and all deposits (general or special) and any other Indebtedness at any time held or owing by the Administrative Agent, the Collateral Agent or such Lender (including, without limitation, by branches and agencies of the Administrative Agent, the Collateral Agent or such Lender wherever located) to or for the credit or the account of the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries against and on account of the Loan Document Obligations and liabilities of the Loan Parties to the Administrative Agent, the Collateral Agent or such Lender under this Agreement or under any of the other Loan Documents, including, without limitation, all interests in the Loan Document Obligations purchased by such Lender pursuant to Section 10.06(b) , and all other claims of any nature or description arising out of or connected with this Agreement or any other Loan Document, irrespective of whether or not the Administrative Agent, the Collateral Agent or such Lender shall have made any demand
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hereunder and although said Loan Document Obligations, liabilities or claims, or any of them, shall be contingent or unmatured.
10.03            Notices .
(a)            Notices Generally .  Except in the case of notices and other communications expressly permitted to be given by telephone (and except as provided in Section 10.03(b) ), all notices and other communications provided for herein shall be in writing and shall be delivered by hand or overnight courier service, mailed by certified or registered mail or sent by facsimile as follows: if to the Borrowers, at the addresses specified opposite their signatures below or in the other relevant Loan Documents; if to any Lender, at the address it last provided to the Administrative Agent, if any, and if to the Administrative Agent, at the Notice Office; or, as to the Borrowers or the Administrative Agent, at such other address as shall be designated by such party in a written notice to the other parties hereto and, as to each Lender, at such other address as shall be designated by such Lender in a written notice to the Borrowers and the Administrative Agent.
Notices sent by hand or overnight courier service, or mailed by certified or registered mail, shall be deemed to have been given when received; notices sent by facsimile shall be deemed to have been given when sent (except that, if not given during normal business hours for the recipient, shall be deemed to have been given at the opening of business on the next business day for the recipient).  Notices delivered through electronic communications, to the extent provided in Section 10.03(b) , shall be effective as provided in such Section.
(b)            Electronic Communications .  Notices and other communications to the Lenders hereunder may be delivered or furnished by electronic communication (including e-mail and Internet or intranet websites) pursuant to procedures approved by the Administrative Agent, provided that the foregoing shall not apply to notices to any Lender pursuant to Section 2 if such Lender has notified the Administrative Agent that it is incapable of receiving notices under Section 2 by electronic communication.  Each of the Administrative Agent and the Borrowers may, in its discretion, agree to accept notices and other communications to it hereunder by electronic communications pursuant to procedures approved by it; provided that approval of such procedures may be limited to particular notices or communications.
Unless the Administrative Agent otherwise prescribes, (i) notices and other communications sent to an e-mail address shall be deemed received upon the sender's receipt of an acknowledgement from the intended recipient (such as by the "return receipt requested" function, as available, return e-mail or other written acknowledgement), and (ii) notices or communications posted to an Internet or intranet website shall be deemed received upon the deemed receipt by the intended recipient, at its e-mail address as described in the foregoing clause (i), of notification that such notice or communication is available and identifying the website address therefor; provided that, for both clauses (i) and (ii) above, if such notice, email or other communication is not sent during the normal business hours of the recipient, such notice or communication shall be deemed to have been sent at the opening of business on the next business day for the recipient.
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(c)            Change of Address, etc .  Any party hereto may change its address or facsimile number for notices and other communications hereunder by notice to the other parties hereto.
(d)            Platform .
(i)            Each of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries agrees that the Administrative Agent may, but shall not be obligated to, make the Communications (as defined below) available to the other Lenders by posting the Communications on Debt Domain, Intralinks, Syndtrak or a substantially similar electronic transmission system (the "Platform").  Each of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries acknowledges and agrees that the DQ List shall be deemed suitable for posting and may be posted by the Administrative Agent on the Platform, including the portion of the Platform that is designated for "public side" Lenders.
(ii)            The Platform is provided "as is" and "as available." Neither the Administrative Agent nor any of its Affiliates warrants the adequacy of the Platform and each of the Administrative Agent and its Affiliates expressly disclaim liability for errors or omissions in the Communications.  No warranty of any kind, express, implied or statutory, including, without limitation, any warranty of merchantability, fitness for a particular purpose, non-infringement of third-party rights or freedom from viruses or other code defects, is made by any Administrative Agent or any of its Affiliates in connection with the Communications or the Platform.  In no event shall the Administrative Agent or any of its Affiliates have any liability to the Borrowers or the other Loan Parties, any Lender or any other Person or entity for damages of any kind, including, without limitation, direct or indirect, special, incidental or consequential damages, losses or expenses (whether in tort, contract or otherwise) arising out of the Borrowers', any Loan Party's or the Administrative Agent's transmission of communications through the Platform.  " Communications " means, collectively, any notice, demand, communication, information, document or other material provided by or on behalf of any Loan Party pursuant to any Loan Document or the transactions contemplated therein which is distributed to the Administrative Agent or any Lender by means of electronic communications pursuant to this Section, including through the Platform.
10.04            Benefit of Agreement; Assignments; Participations .
(a)            This Agreement shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of and be enforceable by the respective successors and assigns of the parties hereto; provided , however , that none of the Borrowers may assign, delegate or otherwise transfer any of its rights, obligations or interest hereunder or under any other Loan Document without the prior written consent of the Administrative Agent and each Lender (and any attempted assignment, delegation or transfer by the Borrowers without such consent shall be null and void), and provided, further, that, no Lender may assign, delegate or otherwise transfer its rights or obligations hereunder except in accordance with this Section 10.04 .  Nothing in this Agreement, expressed or implied, shall be construed to confer upon any Person (other than the parties hereto, their respective successors and assigns permitted hereby, Participants (to the extent provided in Section 10.04(c)) , the Joint Global Coordinators and, to the extent expressly contemplated hereby, the sub-agents of the Administrative Agent and the related parties of the Administrative
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Agent, the Joint Global Coordinators and any Lender) any legal or equitable right, remedy or claim under or by reason of this Agreement.
(b)            (i) Subject to the conditions set forth in Section 10.04(b)(ii) , any Lender (or any Lender together with one or more other Lenders) may assign and delegate to one or more Eligible Transferees all or a portion of its rights and obligations under this Agreement (including all or a portion of its Commitment and the Loans at the time owing to it) with (A) the prior written consent (such consent not to be unreasonably withheld or delayed) of the Administrative Agent; provided that no consent of the Administrative Agent shall be required for an assignment and delegation of all or any portion of a Loan to a Lender or an Affiliate of a Lender or to a Borrower or Subsidiary pursuant to Section 2.13 or Approved Fund and (B) prior written notice to the Borrowers, provided that no such notice will be required if an Event of Default has occurred and is continuing.
(ii)            Assignments and delegations shall be subject to the following additional conditions: (A) except in the case of an assignment and delegation to a Lender or an Affiliate of a Lender or an assignment and delegation of the entire remaining amount of the assigning Lender's Commitment or Loans of any Class, the amount of the Commitment or Loans of the assigning Lender subject to each such assignment and delegation (determined as of the trade date specified in the Assignment and Assumption Agreement with respect to such assignment and delegation or, if no trade date is so specified, as of the date the Assignment and Assumption Agreement with respect to such assignment and delegation is delivered to the Administrative Agent) shall not be less than $1,000,000, unless the Administrative Agent otherwise consents (such consent not to be unreasonably withheld or delayed); provided that simultaneous assignment by or to two or more Approved Funds shall be aggregated for purposes of determining such minimum transfer amount, (B) the parties to each assignment and delegation shall (x) execute and deliver to the Administrative Agent an Assignment and Assumption Agreement via an electronic settlement system acceptable to the Administrative Agent or (y) if previously agreed with the Administrative Agent, manually execute and deliver to the Administrative Agent an Assignment and Assumption, in each case, together with a processing and recordation fee of $3,500; provided that the Administrative Agent may, in its sole discretion, elect to waive or reduce such processing and recordation fee in the case of any assignment and only one such fee shall be payable for contemporaneous assignments by or to two or more Approved Funds, (C) the assignee, if it shall not be a Lender, shall deliver to the Administrative Agent any tax forms required by Section 4.07(g) , (D) no such transfer or assignment will be effective until recorded by the Administrative Agent on the Register pursuant to Section 10.15 ; (E) Annex I shall be deemed modified to reflect the outstanding Loans of such new Lender and of the existing Lenders; and (F) upon the surrender of the relevant Notes by the assigning Lender, new Notes will be issued, at the Borrowers' expense, to such new Lender and to the assigning Lender upon the request of such new Lender or assigning Lender, such new Notes to be in conformity with the requirements of Section 2.04 (with appropriate modifications) to the extent needed to reflect the revised outstanding Loans.
(iii)            To the extent of any assignment pursuant to this Section 10.04 , from and after the effective date specified in each Assignment and Assumption Agreement, (A) the assignee thereunder shall be a party hereto and, to the extent of the interest assigned and delegated by such Assignment and Assumption Agreement, have the rights and obligations of a
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Lender under this Agreement and (B) the assigning Lender thereunder shall, to the extent of the interest assigned and delegated by such Assignment and Assumption Agreement, be released from its obligations under this Agreement (and, in the case of an Assignment and Assumption Agreement covering all the assigning Lender's rights and obligations under this Agreement, such Lender shall cease to be a party hereto but shall continue to be entitled to the benefits of (and subject to the obligations and limitations of) Sections 2.07 , 2.08 , 4.07 , 9.06 and 10.01 and to any fees payable hereunder that have accrued for such Lender's account but have not yet been paid).  Any assignment, delegation or other transfer by a Lender of rights or obligations under this Agreement that does not comply with this Section shall be treated for purposes of this Agreement as a sale by such Lender of a participation in such rights and obligations in accordance with Section 10.04(c) .
(iv)            Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained herein, to the extent such assignment would, at the time of such assignment, result in increased costs under Section 2.07, 2.08 or 4.07 in excess of those being charged by the assigning Lender immediately prior to such assignment, then the Borrowers shall not be obligated to pay such increased costs to the assignee Lender the extent of such excess (although the Borrowers shall be obligated to jointly and severally pay any other increased costs of the type described above resulting from changes after the date of the respective assignment).
(c)            Any Lender may, without the consent of the Borrowers or the Administrative Agent, sell participations to one or more Eligible Transferee (each, a " Participant ") in all or a portion of such Lender's rights and obligations under this Agreement (including all or a portion of its Commitments and Loans of any Class); provided that (A) such Lender's obligations under this Agreement shall remain unchanged, (B) such Lender shall remain solely responsible to the other parties hereto for the performance of such obligations and (C) the Borrowers, the Administrative Agent and the Lenders shall continue to deal solely and directly with such Lender in connection with such Lender's rights and obligations under this Agreement.  Any agreement or instrument pursuant to which a Lender sells such a participation shall provide that such Lender shall retain the sole right to enforce this Agreement and to approve any amendment, modification or waiver of any provision of this Agreement or any other Loan Document; provided that such agreement or instrument may provide that such Lender will not, without the consent of the Participant, agree to any amendment, modification or waiver that requires the approval of all the Lenders, or that requires the approval of all affected Lenders and the Participant is affected thereby.  In the case of any such participation, the participant shall not have any rights under this Agreement or any of the other Loan Documents (the participant's rights against such Lender in respect of such participation to be those set forth in this Agreement executed by such Lender in favor of the participant relating thereto), except as provided in this Section 10.04(c) .  The Borrowers agree that each participant shall be entitled to the benefits of Sections 2.08 , 2.09 and 4.07 (subject to the requirements and limitations therein) to the same extent as if it were a Lender and had acquired its interest by assignment pursuant to paragraph (b) of this Section; provided that such participant (1) agrees to be subject to the provisions of Sections 2.10 and 2.11 as if it were an assignee under paragraph (b) of this Section; and (2) shall not be entitled to receive any greater payment under Sections 2.08 or 4.07 with respect to any participation, than its participating Lender would have been entitled to receive, except to the extent such entitlement to receive a greater payment results from a change in law, rule, regulation, treaty, order, guideline, or directive (or in the interpretation or administration
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thereof) that occurs after the participant acquired the applicable participation.  Each Lender that sells a participation agrees, at the Borrowers' request and expense, to use reasonable efforts to cooperate with the Borrowers to effectuate the provisions of Section 2.11 with respect to any participant.  Each Lender that sells a participation shall, acting solely for this purpose as an agent of the Borrowers, maintain a register on which it enters the name and address of each Participant and the principal amounts (and stated interest) of each Participant's interest in the Loans or other obligations under this Agreement or any other Loan Document (the " Participant Register "); provided that no Lender shall have any obligation to disclose all or any portion of the Participant Register (including the identity of any Participant or any information relating to a Participant's interest in any Loans or its other obligations under this Agreement or any other Loan Document) to any Person except to the extent that such disclosure is necessary to establish that such Commitment, Loan or other obligation is in registered form under Section 5f.103-1(c) of the United States Treasury Regulations.  The entries in the Participant Register shall be conclusive absent manifest error, and such Lender shall treat each Person whose name is recorded in the Participant Register as the owner of such participation for all purposes of this Agreement notwithstanding any notice to the contrary.  For the avoidance of doubt, the Administrative Agent (in its capacity as Administrative Agent) shall have no responsibility for maintaining a Participant Register.
(d)            Notwithstanding anything in this Agreement to the contrary, any Lender may, at any time, assign all or a portion of its Loans on a non-pro rata basis to an Affiliated Lender, subject to the following limitations:
(i)            In connection with an assignment to a Non-Debt Fund Affiliate, (A) the Non-Debt Fund Affiliate shall have identified itself in writing as an Affiliated Lender to the assigning Lender and the Administrative Agent prior to the execution of such assignment and (B) the Non-Debt Fund Affiliate shall be deemed to have represented and warranted to the assigning Lender and the Administrative Agent that the requirements set forth in this Section 10.04(d)(i) and Section 10.04(d)(iv) below shall have been satisfied upon consummation of the applicable assignment;
(ii)            Non-Debt Fund Affiliates will not (A) have the right to receive information, reports or other materials provided solely to Lenders by the Administrative Agent and/or the Collateral Agent or any other Lender, except to the extent made available to the Borrower, (B) attend or participate in meetings attended solely by the Lenders and the Administrative Agent and/or the Collateral Agent or (C) access any electronic site established for the Lenders or confidential communications from counsel to or financial advisors of the Administrative Agent, the Collateral Agent or the Lenders;
(iii)            (A) for purposes of any consent to any amendment, waiver or modification of, or any action under, and for the purpose of any direction to the Administrative Agent, the Collateral Agent or any Lender to undertake any action (or refrain from taking any action) under, this Agreement or any other Loan Document, each Affiliated Lender will be deemed to have consented in the same proportion as the Lenders that are not Affiliated Lenders consented to such matter, unless such matter requires the consent of all or all affected Lenders and adversely affects such Affiliated Lender more than other Lenders in any material respect, (B) for purposes of voting on any plan of reorganization or plan of liquidation pursuant to any
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Bankruptcy Law (a " Bankruptcy Plan "), each Affiliated Lender hereby agrees (x) not to vote on such Bankruptcy Plan, (y) if such Affiliated Lender does vote on such Bankruptcy Plan notwithstanding the restriction in the foregoing clause (x), such vote will be deemed not to be in good faith and shall be "designated" pursuant to Section 1126(e) of the Bankruptcy Code (or any similar provision in any other Bankruptcy Laws), and such vote shall not be counted in determining whether the applicable class has accepted or rejected such Bankruptcy Plan in accordance with Section 1126(c) of the Bankruptcy Code (or any similar provision in any other Bankruptcy Laws) and (z) not to contest any request by any party for a determination by a court of competent jurisdiction effectuating the foregoing clause (y), in each case under this clause (B) unless such Bankruptcy Plan adversely affects such Affiliated Lender more than other Lenders in any material respect and (C) each Affiliated Lender hereby irrevocably appoints the Administrative Agent (such appointment being coupled with an interest) as such Affiliated Lender's attorney-in-fact, with full authority in the place and stead of such Affiliated Lender and in the name of such Affiliated Lender (solely in respect of Loans held by such Affiliated Lender and not in respect of any other claim or status such Affiliated Lender may otherwise have), from time to time in the Administrative Agent's discretion to take any action and to execute any instrument that the Administrative Agent may deem reasonably necessary or appropriate to carry out the provisions of this Section 10.04(d)(iii) , including to ensure that any vote of such Affiliated Lender on any Bankruptcy Plan is withdrawn or otherwise not counted;
(iv)            the aggregate principal amount of any Class of Loans held at any one time by Non-Debt Fund Affiliates may not exceed 25% of the aggregate outstanding principal amount of any Class Loans; and
(v)            the Affiliated Lender will not be entitled to bring actions against the Administrative Agent or the Collateral Agent, in its role as such, or receive advice of counsel or other advisors to the Administrative Agent, the Collateral Agent or any Lender or challenge the attorney-client privilege of their respective counsel.
Each Affiliated Lender that is a Lender hereunder agrees to comply with the terms of this Section 10.04(d) (notwithstanding that it may be granted access to the Platform or any other electronic site established for the Lenders by the Administrative Agent), and each Non-Debt Fund Affiliate agrees that in any subsequent assignment of all or any portion of its Loans it shall identify itself in writing to the assignee as an Affiliated Lender prior to the execution of such assignment.
(e)            Nothing in this Agreement shall prevent or prohibit any Lender from pledging its Loans and Notes hereunder to a Federal Reserve Bank or any central bank having jurisdiction over such Lender in support of borrowings made by such Lender from such Federal Reserve Bank or central bank and, without prior notification to or consent of the Administrative Agent or the Borrowers, any Lender which is a fund may pledge all or any portion of its Loans and Notes to its trustee or to a collateral agent providing credit or credit support to such Lender in support of its obligations to such trustee, such collateral agent or a holder of such obligations, as the case may be.  No pledge pursuant to this clause (e) shall release the transferor Lender from any of its obligations hereunder.
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(f)            (i) No assignment or participation shall be made to any Person that was a Disqualified Institution as of the date (the " Trade Date ") on which the assigning Lender entered into a binding agreement to sell and assign all or a portion of its rights and obligations under this Agreement to such Person (unless the Borrower has consented to such assignment in writing in its sole and absolute discretion, in which case such Person will not be considered a Disqualified Institution for the purpose of such assignment or participation).  For the avoidance of doubt, with respect to any assignee that becomes a Disqualified Institution after the applicable Trade Date (including as a result of the delivery of a notice pursuant to, and/or the expiration of the notice period referred to in, the definition of "Disqualified Institution"), (x) such assignee shall not retroactively be disqualified from becoming a Lender and (y) the execution by the Borrower of an Assignment and Assumption Agreement with respect to such assignee will not by itself result in such assignee no longer being considered a Disqualified Institution.  Any assignment in violation of this clause (f)(i) shall not be void, but the other provisions of this clause (f) shall apply.
(ii)            If any assignment or participation is made to any Disqualified Institution without the Borrower's prior written consent in violation of clause (i) above, or if any Person becomes a Disqualified Institution after the applicable Trade Date, the Borrower may, at its sole expense and effort, upon notice to the applicable Disqualified Institution and the Administrative Agent, (A) in the case of outstanding Loans held by Disqualified Institutions, purchase or prepay such Loan by paying the principal amount thereof plus accrued interest, accrued fees and all other amounts (other than principal amounts) payable to it hereunder and/or (B) require such Disqualified Institution to assign, without recourse (in accordance with and subject to the restrictions contained in this Section 10.04), all of its interest, rights and obligations under this Agreement to one or more Eligible Transferees at the principal amount thereof plus accrued interest, accrued fees and all other amounts (other than principal amounts) payable to it hereunder.
(iii)            Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in this Agreement, Disqualified Institutions (A) will not (x) have the right to receive information, reports or other materials provided to Lenders by the Borrower, the Administrative Agent or any other Lender, (y) attend or participate in meetings attended by the Lenders and the Administrative Agent, or (z) access any electronic site established for the Lenders or confidential communications from counsel to or financial advisors of the Administrative Agent or the Lenders and (B) (x) for purposes of any consent to any amendment, waiver or modification of, or any action under, and for the purpose of any direction to the Administrative Agent or any Lender to undertake any action (or refrain from taking any action) under this Agreement or any other Loan Document, each Disqualified Institution will be deemed to have consented in the same proportion as the Lenders that are not Disqualified Institutions consented to such matter, and (y) for purposes of voting on any Bankruptcy Plan, each Disqualified Institution party hereto hereby agrees (1) not to vote on such Bankruptcy Plan, (2) if such Disqualified Institution does vote on such Bankruptcy Plan notwithstanding the restriction in the foregoing clause (1), such vote will be deemed not to be in good faith and shall be "designated" pursuant to Section 1126(e) of the Bankruptcy Code (or any similar provision in any other Bankruptcy Laws), and such vote shall not be counted in determining whether the applicable class has accepted or rejected such Bankruptcy Plan in accordance with Section 1126(c) of the Bankruptcy Code (or any similar provision in any other Bankruptcy Laws) and (3) not to contest any request by any party for a
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determination by the Bankruptcy Court (or other applicable court of competent jurisdiction) effectuating the foregoing clause (2).
(iv)            The Administrative Agent shall have the right, and the Borrower hereby expressly authorizes the Administrative Agent, to (A) post the list of Disqualified Institutions provided by the Borrower and any updates thereto from time to time (collectively, the " DQ List ") on the Platform, including that portion of the Platform that is designated for "public side" Lenders and/or (B) provide the DQ List to each Lender requesting the same.
10.05            No Waiver; Remedies Cumulative .  No failure or delay on the part of the Administrative Agent, the Collateral Agent or any Lender in exercising any right, power or privilege hereunder or under any other Loan Document and no course of dealing between the Borrowers or any other Loan Party and the Administrative Agent, the Collateral Agent or any Lender shall operate as a waiver thereof; nor shall any single or partial exercise of any right, power or privilege hereunder or under any other Loan Document preclude any other or further exercise thereof or the exercise of any other right, power or privilege hereunder or thereunder.  The rights, powers and remedies herein or in any other Loan Document expressly provided are cumulative and not exclusive of any rights, powers or remedies which the Administrative Agent, the Collateral Agent or any Lender would otherwise have.  No notice to or demand on any Loan Party in any case shall entitle any Loan Party to any other or further notice or demand in similar or other circumstances or constitute a waiver of the rights of the Administrative Agent, the Collateral Agent or any Lender to any other or further action in any circumstances without notice or demand.
10.06            Payments Pro Rata .
(a)            Except as otherwise provided in this Agreement, the Administrative Agent agrees that promptly after its receipt of each payment from or on behalf of the Borrowers in respect of any Loan Document Obligations or Class of Loans hereunder, the Administrative Agent shall distribute such payment to the Lenders entitled thereto (other than any Lender that has consented in writing to waive its pro   rata share of any such payment) pro   rata based upon their respective shares, if any, of the Loan Document Obligations or Class of Loans with respect to which such payment was received.
(b)            Each of the Lenders agrees that, except as otherwise provided in this Agreement, if it should receive any amount hereunder (whether by voluntary payment, by realization upon security, by the exercise of the right of setoff or banker's Lien, by counterclaim or cross action, by the enforcement of any right under the Loan Documents, or otherwise), which is applicable to the payment of the principal of, or interest on, the Loans or Fees, of a sum which with respect to the related sum or sums received by other Lenders is in a greater proportion than the total of such Loan Document Obligation then owed and due to such Lender bears to the total of such Loan Document Obligation then owed and due to all of the Lenders immediately prior to such receipt, then such Lender receiving such excess payment shall purchase for cash without recourse or warranty from the other Lenders an interest in the Loan Document Obligations of the respective Loan Party to such Lenders in such amount as shall result in a proportional participation by all the Lenders in such amount; provided that (i) if all or any portion of such excess amount is thereafter recovered from such Lenders, such purchase shall be rescinded and
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the purchase price restored to the extent of such recovery, but without interest and (ii) any payment received in consideration for an assignment of participation permitted pursuant to Section 10.04 shall not be subject to this Section 10.06(b) .
10.07            Calculations; Computations .
(a)            Subject to the provisions of Section 1.02(b) , the financial statements to be furnished to the Lenders pursuant hereto shall be made and prepared in accordance with GAAP in the United States consistently applied throughout the periods involved (except as set forth in the notes thereto or as otherwise disclosed in writing by the Borrowers to the Lenders to the extent, in each case, permitted by the terms of this Agreement).
(b)            All computations of interest and Fees hereunder shall be made on the basis of a year of 360 days (except for computations of interest with respect to Base Rate Loans, which at all times shall be calculated on the basis of a year of 365 or 366 days) for the actual number of days (including the first day but excluding the last day) occurring in the period for which such interest is payable.
10.08            GOVERNING LAW; SUBMISSION TO JURISDICTION; VENUE; WAIVER OF JURY TRIAL .
(a)            THIS AGREEMENT AND THE OTHER LOAN DOCUMENTS AND ANY CLAIMS, CONTROVERSY, DISPUTE OR CAUSE OF ACTION, AND THE RIGHTS AND OBLIGATIONS OF THE PARTIES HEREUNDER AND THEREUNDER SHALL, EXCEPT AS OTHERWISE PROVIDED IN CERTAIN OF THE SHIP MORTGAGES AND OTHER COLLATERAL AGREEMENTS, BE CONSTRUED IN ACCORDANCE WITH AND BE GOVERNED BY THE LAW OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK.  ANY LEGAL ACTION OR PROCEEDING WITH RESPECT TO THIS AGREEMENT OR ANY OTHER LOAN DOCUMENT SHALL BE BROUGHT IN THE COURTS OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK OR OF THE UNITED STATES FOR THE SOUTHERN DISTRICT OF NEW YORK, IN EACH CASE WHICH ARE LOCATED IN THE COUNTY OF NEW YORK, AND, BY EXECUTION AND DELIVERY OF THIS AGREEMENT OR ANY OTHER LOAN DOCUMENT, EACH PARTY HEREUNDER HEREBY IRREVOCABLY ACCEPTS FOR ITSELF AND IN RESPECT OF ITS PROPERTY, GENERALLY AND UNCONDITIONALLY, THE EXCLUSIVE JURISDICTION OF THE AFORESAID COURTS EXCEPT AS SET FORTH IN THE LAST SENTENCE OF THIS CLAUSE (a).  EACH OF THE PARTIES HEREUNDER HEREBY FURTHER IRREVOCABLY WAIVES ANY CLAIM THAT ANY SUCH COURTS LACK PERSONAL JURISDICTION OVER ANY PARTY HEREUNDER, AND AGREES NOT TO PLEAD OR CLAIM, IN ANY LEGAL ACTION PROCEEDING WITH RESPECT TO THIS AGREEMENT OR ANY OTHER LOAN DOCUMENTS BROUGHT IN ANY OF THE AFOREMENTIONED COURTS, THAT SUCH COURTS LACK PERSONAL JURISDICTION OVER ANY PARTY HEREUNDER.  EACH OF THE PARTIES HEREUNDER FURTHER IRREVOCABLY CONSENTS TO THE SERVICE OF PROCESS OUT OF ANY OF THE AFOREMENTIONED COURTS IN ANY SUCH ACTION OR PROCEEDING BY THE MAILING OF COPIES THEREOF BY REGISTERED OR CERTIFIED MAIL, POSTAGE PREPAID, IN THE MANNER
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PROVIDED FOR NOTICES IN SECTION 10.03 , SUCH SERVICE TO BECOME EFFECTIVE 30 DAYS AFTER SUCH DELIVERY.  EACH OF THE PARTIES HEREUNDER HEREBY IRREVOCABLY WAIVES ANY OBJECTION TO SUCH SERVICE OF PROCESS AND FURTHER IRREVOCABLY WAIVES AND AGREES NOT TO PLEAD OR CLAIM IN ANY ACTION OR PROCEEDING COMMENCED HEREUNDER OR UNDER ANY OTHER LOAN DOCUMENT THAT SERVICE OF PROCESS WAS IN ANY WAY INVALID OR INEFFECTIVE.  NOTHING HEREIN SHALL AFFECT THE RIGHT OF THE ADMINISTRATIVE AGENT, THE COLLATERAL AGENT, ANY LENDER OR THE HOLDER OF ANY NOTE TO SERVE PROCESS IN ANY OTHER MANNER PERMITTED BY LAW OR TO COMMENCE LEGAL PROCEEDINGS OR OTHERWISE PROCEED AGAINST ANY PARTY HEREUNDER IN ANY OTHER JURISDICTION IRREVOCABLY WITHOUT LIMITATION IN CONNECTION WITH THE ENFORCEMENT OF ANY JUDGMENT.
(b)            EACH OF THE PARTIES HERETO HEREBY IRREVOCABLY WAIVES ANY OBJECTION WHICH IT MAY NOW OR HEREAFTER HAVE TO THE LAYING OF VENUE OF ANY OF THE AFORESAID ACTIONS OR PROCEEDINGS ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THIS AGREEMENT OR ANY OTHER LOAN DOCUMENT BROUGHT IN THE COURTS REFERRED TO IN CLAUSE (a) ABOVE AND HEREBY FURTHER IRREVOCABLY WAIVES AND AGREES NOT TO PLEAD OR CLAIM IN ANY SUCH COURT THAT ANY SUCH ACTION OR PROCEEDING BROUGHT IN ANY SUCH COURT HAS BEEN BROUGHT IN AN INCONVENIENT FORUM.
(c)            EACH OF THE PARTIES HERETO HEREBY IRREVOCABLY WAIVES ALL RIGHT TO A TRIAL BY JURY IN ANY ACTION, PROCEEDING OR COUNTERCLAIM ARISING OUT OF OR RELATING TO THIS AGREEMENT, THE OTHER LOAN DOCUMENTS OR THE TRANSACTIONS CONTEMPLATED HEREBY OR THEREBY (WHETHER BASED ON CONTRACT, TORT OR ANY OTHER THEORY).  EACH PARTY HERETO (A) CERTIFIES THAT NO REPRESENTATIVE, AGENT OR ATTORNEY OF ANY OTHER PERSON HAS REPRESENTED, EXPRESSLY OR OTHERWISE, THAT SUCH OTHER PERSON WOULD NOT, IN THE EVENT OF LITIGATION, SEEK TO ENFORCE THE FOREGOING WAIVER AND (B) ACKNOWLEDGES THAT IT AND THE OTHER PARTIES HERETO HAVE BEEN INDUCED TO ENTER INTO THIS AGREEMENT AND THE OTHER LOAN DOCUMENTS BY, AMONG OTHER THINGS, THE MUTUAL WAIVERS AND CERTIFICATIONS IN THIS SECTION.
10.09            Counterparts .
(a)            Counterparts; Integration .  This Agreement may be executed in counterparts (and by different parties hereto in different counterparts), each of which shall constitute an original, but all of which when taken together shall constitute a single contract.  This Agreement and the other Loan Documents, and any separate letter agreements with respect to fees payable to the Administrative Agent, constitute the entire contract among the parties relating to the subject matter hereof and supersede any and all previous agreements and understandings, oral or written, relating to the subject matter hereof.  Delivery of an executed
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counterpart of a signature page of this Agreement by facsimile or in electronic (i.e., "pdf" or "tif") format shall be effective as delivery of a manually executed counterpart of this Agreement.
(b)            Electronic Execution of Assignments .  The words "execution," "signed," "signature," and words of like import in any Assignment and Assumption Agreement shall be deemed to include electronic signatures or the keeping of records in electronic form, each of which shall be of the same legal effect, validity or enforceability as a manually executed signature or the use of a paper-based recordkeeping system, as the case may be, to the extent and as provided for in any applicable law, including the Federal Electronic Signatures in Global and National Commerce Act, the New York State Electronic Signatures and Records Act, or any other similar state laws based on the Uniform Electronic Transactions Act.
10.10            Effectiveness .  This Agreement shall become effective on the date on which it shall have been executed by the Administrative Agent and when the Administrative Agent shall have received counterparts hereof that, when taken together, bear the signatures of each of the other parties hereto.
10.11            Headings Descriptive .  The headings of the several sections and subsections of this Agreement are inserted for convenience only and shall not in any way affect the meaning or construction of any provision of this Agreement.
10.12            Amendment or Waiver; etc .
(a)            Neither this Agreement nor any other Loan Document nor any terms hereof or thereof may be changed, waived, discharged or terminated unless such change, waiver, discharge or termination is in writing signed by (x) the Borrower, Finco and the Administrative Agent to cure any immaterial ambiguity, omission, defect or inconsistency, so long as, in each case, the Lenders shall have received at least five (5) Business Days' prior written notice thereof and the Administrative Agent shall not have received, within five Business Days of the date of such notice to the Lenders, a written notice from the Required Lenders stating that the Required Lenders object to such amendment or (y) the respective Loan Parties party hereto or thereto and the Required Lenders, provided that:
(i)            additional parties may be added to (and annexes may be modified to reflect such additions), and the Loan Parties may be released from, the Loan Guarantees and the Collateral Agreements in accordance with the provisions hereof and thereof without the consent of the other Loan Parties party thereto or the Required Lenders;
(ii)            no such change, waiver, discharge or termination shall, without the consent of each Lender (with Loan Document Obligations being adversely affected in the case of the following clause (a) and (d), to the extent (in the case of the following clause (d)) that any such Lender would be required to make a Loan in excess of its pro rata portion provided for in this Agreement or would receive a payment or prepayment of Loans or a commitment reduction that (in any case) is less than its pro rata portion provided for in this Agreement, in each case, as a result of any such amendment, modification or waiver referred to in the following clause (d)):
(a)            extend the final scheduled maturity of any Loan or Note held by such Lender, or reduce the rate or extend the time of
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payment of interest thereon, or reduce the amount, or extend the time of payment, of any Fees thereon (except in connection with the waiver of applicability of any post-default increase in interest rates), or extend the timing of repayment of any such Loan, or reduce the principal amount of any such Loan thereof, or increase the Commitment of any Lender,
(b)            amend, modify or waive any provision of this Section 10.12 (except for technical amendments with respect to additional extensions of credit pursuant to this Agreement which afford the protections to such additional extensions of credit of the type provided to the Commitments on the Closing Date) or any other Section which expressly requires the consent of all Lenders or all Lenders adversely affected thereby,
(c)            reduce the percentage specified in the definition of Required Lenders,
(d)            amend, modify or waive (x) Section 2.05 or (y) any provision in this Agreement to the extent providing for payments or prepayments of Loans to be applied pro   rata among the Lenders entitled to such payments or prepayments of Loans (it being understood that the waiver of any mandatory prepayment of Loans by the Required Lenders shall not constitute an amendment, modification or waiver for purposes of this clause (d)),
(e)            consent to the assignment or transfer by the Borrowers of any of their rights and obligations under this Agreement, or
(f)            substitute, replace or release any Guarantor from a Loan Guarantee (other than as permitted by the Loan Documents) or release substantially all the value of the Loan Guarantees (except as expressly provided in the Loan Documents);
(iii)            no such change, waiver, discharge or termination shall change the provisions of any Loan Document in a manner that by its terms adversely affects the rights in respect of payments due to Lenders holding Loans of one Class differently from the rights of Lenders holding Loans of any other Class without the prior written consent of Lenders holding a majority in interest of the outstanding Loans and unused Commitments of each adversely affected Class;
(iv)            no such change, waiver, discharge or termination shall (1) increase the Commitments of any Lender without the consent of such Lender or (2) without the consent of the Administrative Agent, amend, modify or waive any provision of Section 9 or any other provision as same relates to the rights or obligations of the Administrative Agent;
(v)            no such change, waiver, discharge or termination shall, without the consent of each Lender and each Secured Counterparty:
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(a)            release any Ship Mortgage or all or substantially all of the Collateral (except as expressly provided in the Loan Documents) under the Collateral Agreements or permit any sale, lease, transfer or other disposition of any Collateral Vessel (it being understood that a Collateral Vessel Contract shall not constitute any such sale, lease, transfer or other disposition) not otherwise permitted under this Agreement and the Collateral Agreements; and
(b)            amend, modify or waive any provision of this Section 10.12(a)(v) .
(b)            If, in connection with any proposed change, waiver, discharge or termination of any of the provisions of this Agreement as contemplated by clauses (i) through (iv), inclusive, of Section 10.12(a) , the consent of the Required Lenders is obtained but the consent of one or more of such other Lenders whose consent is required is not obtained, then the Borrowers shall have the right to replace each such non-consenting Lender or Lenders with one or more Replacement Lenders pursuant to Section 2.11 so long as at the time of such replacement, each such Replacement Lender consents to the proposed change, waiver, discharge or termination, provided that in any event the Borrowers shall not have the right to replace a Lender or repay its Loans solely as a result of the exercise of such Lender's rights (and the withholding of any required consent by such Lender) pursuant to Section 10.12(a)(iii) .
10.13            Survival .  All indemnities set forth herein including, without limitation, in Sections 2.08 , 2.09 , 4.07 , 9.06 and 10.01 shall survive the execution, delivery and termination of this Agreement and the Notes and the making and repayment of the Loan Document Obligations.
10.14            Domicile of Loans .  Each Lender may transfer and carry its Loans at, to or for the account of any office, Subsidiary or Affiliate of such Lender.  Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained herein, to the extent that a transfer of Loans pursuant to this Section 10.14 would, at the time of such transfer, result in increased costs under Section 2.07 , 2.08 or 4.07 in excess of those being charged by the respective Lender immediately prior to such transfer, then the Borrowers shall not be obligated to pay such increased costs to the extent of such excess (although the Borrowers shall be obligated to jointly and severally pay any other increased costs of the type described above resulting from changes after the date of the respective transfer).
10.15            Register .  The Borrowers hereby designate the Administrative Agent to serve as their non-fiduciary agent, solely for purposes of this Section 10.15 , to maintain a register (the "Register") on which it will record the Commitments of each of the Lenders, the Loans made by each of the Lenders, the principal amount (and stated interest) of such Loans, and each repayment in respect of the principal amount of the Loans of each Lender.  Failure to make any such recordation, or any error in such recordation, shall not affect the Borrowers' obligations in respect of such Loans.  With respect to any Lender, the transfer of the Commitments of such Lender and the rights to the principal of, and interest on, any Loan made pursuant to such Commitments shall not be effective until such transfer is recorded on the Register maintained by the Administrative Agent with respect to ownership of such Commitments and Loans and prior to such recordation all amounts owing to the transferor with respect to such Commitments and Loans shall remain owing to the transferor.  The registration of assignment or transfer of all or
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part of any Commitments and Loans shall be recorded by the Administrative Agent on the Register upon the acceptance by the Administrative Agent of a properly executed and delivered Assignment and Assumption Agreement pursuant to Section 10.04(b) .  Coincident with the delivery of such an Assignment and Assumption Agreement to the Administrative Agent for acceptance and registration of assignment or transfer of all or part of a Loan, or as soon thereafter as practicable, the assigning or transferor Lender shall surrender the Note (if any) evidencing such Loan, and thereupon one or more new Notes in the same aggregate principal amount shall be issued to the assigning or transferor Lender and/or the new Lender at the request of any such Lender.
10.16            Confidentiality .  Each of the Administrative Agent and the Lenders agrees to maintain the confidentiality of the Information (as defined below), except that Information may be disclosed (a) to its Affiliates and to its and its Affiliates' respective managers, administrators, trustees, partners, directors, officers, employees, agents, advisors and other representatives (it being understood that the Persons to whom such disclosure is made will be informed of the confidential nature of such Information and instructed to keep such Information confidential), (b) to the extent requested by any regulatory authority purporting to have jurisdiction over it (including any self-regulatory authority, such as the National Association of Insurance Commissioners), (c) to the extent required by applicable laws or regulations or by any subpoena or similar legal process, (d) to any other party hereto, (e) in connection with the exercise of any remedies hereunder or under any other Loan Document or any action or proceeding relating to this Agreement or any other Loan Document or the enforcement of rights hereunder or thereunder, (f) subject to an agreement containing provisions substantially the same as those of this Section, to (i) any assignee of or participant in, or any prospective assignee of or participant in, any of its rights or obligations under this Agreement or (ii) any actual or prospective party (or its managers, administrators, trustees, partners, directors, officers, employees, agents, advisors and other representatives) to any swap, derivative or other transaction under which payments are to be made by reference to the Loan Parties and their respective obligations, this Agreement or payments hereunder, (iii) any rating agency, or (iv) the CUSIP Service Bureau or any similar organization, (g) with the consent of the Borrowers or the Parent or (h) to the extent such Information (i) becomes publicly available other than as a result of a breach of this Section or (ii) becomes available to the Administrative Agent, any Lender or any of their respective Affiliates on a nonconfidential basis from a source other than the Borrowers.  In addition, the Administrative Agent and the Lenders may disclose the existence of this Agreement and information about this Agreement to market data collectors, similar service providers to the lending industry and service providers to the Agents and the Lenders in connection with the administration of this Agreement, the other Loan Documents, and the Commitments.
For purposes of this Section, " Information " means all information received from the Borrowers or any of their Subsidiaries relating to the Loan Parties or any of their Subsidiaries or any of their respective businesses, other than any such information that is available to the Administrative Agent or any Lender on a nonconfidential basis prior to disclosure by the Loan Parties or any of their Subsidiaries, provided that, in the case of information received from the Loan Parties or any of their Subsidiaries after the Closing Date, such information is clearly identified at the time of delivery as confidential.  Any Person required to maintain the confidentiality of Information as provided in this Section shall be considered to have complied with its obligation to do so if such Person has exercised the same degree of care to maintain the
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confidentiality of such Information as such Person would accord to its own confidential information.
10.17            Intercreditor Agreement .  In the event the Intercreditor Agreement is required hereunder, each of the Loan Parties, the Administrative Agent and the Lenders (on their own behalf and on behalf of their Affiliates that are Secured Counterparties) (a) consents to and ratifies the execution by the Administrative Agent and the Collateral Agent of the Intercreditor Agreement in connection with the Incurrence of Other Pari Passu Obligations and any amendments or supplements expressly contemplated thereby, (b) hereby agrees that it will be bound by and will take no actions contrary to the provisions of the Intercreditor Agreement following its execution and (c) acknowledges that it has received a copy of the Intercreditor Agreement and that the exercise of certain of the Collateral Agent's or the Administrative Agent's rights and remedies hereunder may be subject to, and restricted by, the provisions of the Intercreditor Agreement following its execution.  NOTWITHSTANDING ANY OTHER PROVISION CONTAINED IN THIS AGREEMENT, IN THE EVENT OF ANY CONFLICT OR INCONSISTENCY BETWEEN THE PROVISIONS OF THIS AGREEMENT OR ANY OTHER LOAN DOCUMENT AND THE INTERCREDITOR AGREEMENT, THE INTERCREDITOR AGREEMENT SHALL CONTROL.
10.18            Currency Conversion Shortfall .
(a)            If, for the purposes of obtaining judgment in any court, it is necessary to convert a sum due hereunder or under any other Loan Document in Dollars into another currency, the rate of exchange used shall be that at which, in accordance with normal, reasonable banking procedures, the Administrative Agent could purchase Dollars with such other currency in New York City on the Business Day preceding that on which final judgment is given.
(b)            The Loan Document Obligations of the Loan Parties in respect of any sum due to the Administrative Agent or any Lender hereunder or under any other Loan Document shall, notwithstanding any judgment in a currency other than Dollars, be discharged only to the extent that on the Business Day following receipt by the Administrative Agent of any sum adjudged to be so due in such currency, the Administrative Agent may, in accordance with normal, reasonable banking procedures, purchase Dollars with such other currency.  If the amount of Dollars so purchased is less than the sum originally due, in Dollars, the Borrowers agree, to the fullest extent that it may effectively do so, as a separate obligation and notwithstanding any such judgment, to indemnify the Administrative Agent or the Person to whom such Loan Document Obligation was owing against such loss.  If the amount of Dollars so purchased is greater than the sum originally due, the Administrative Agent agrees to return the amount of any excess to the Borrowers (or to any other Person who may be entitled thereto under applicable law).
10.19            Releases .  Subject to the Intercreditor Agreement, without further written consent or authorization from any Lender Creditor, the Administrative Agent or Collateral Agent, as applicable, may (a) execute any documents or instruments necessary in connection with an Asset Sale permitted by this Agreement, (b) release any Lien encumbering any item of Collateral that is the subject of such Asset Sale permitted by this Agreement or with respect to which Required Lenders (or such other Lenders as may be required to give such consent under Section 10.12 )
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have otherwise consented or (c) release any Borrower Subsidiary Guarantor that is the subject of such Asset Sale permitted by this Agreement from its obligations under the Loan Documents or with respect to which Required Lenders (or such other Lenders as may be required to give such consent under Section 10.12 ) have otherwise consented.
10.20            Release of Guarantees .  The Loan Guarantee of a Guarantor shall be automatically released:
(a)            in connection with any sale or other disposition of all or substantially all of the assets of that Guarantor (including by way of merger, consolidation or amalgamation) to a Person that is not (either immediately before or after giving effect to such transaction) the Borrower or a Subsidiary of the Borrower, if the sale or other disposition does not violate Section 7.22 , Section 7.14 or any other applicable restriction in the Loan Documents, as applicable, and complies with the Loan Documents;
(b)            in connection with any sale or other disposition of Capital Stock of such Guarantor following which such Guarantor is no longer a Subsidiary of the Parent or the Borrower, as the case may be, if the sale or other disposition does not violate Section 7.22 , Section 7.14 or any other applicable restriction in the Loan Documents, as applicable, and complies with the Loan Documents;
(c)            upon discharge of the Loan Document Obligations in accordance with the terms of this Agreement; or
(d)            unless an Event of Default has occurred and is continuing, upon the dissolution or liquidation of the Guarantor in compliance with Section 7.14 .
10.21            Joint and Several Liability .  Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Agreement or in any Loan Document, the obligations of the Borrowers hereunder and under the other Loan Documents with respect to any Loans and all other Loan Document Obligations (including any interest, fees and other amounts in respect thereof) and the repayment or prepayment thereof shall be joint and several.
10.22            Enforcement of Remedies .  Anything to the contrary in any of the Loan Documents notwithstanding, the parties hereto (and each Secured Party) agree that no Lender or other Secured Party shall have any right individually to take or institute any actions or proceedings, judicial or otherwise, for any right or remedy against any Loan Party or any other obligor under any of the Loan Documents, or to institute any actions or proceedings, or otherwise commence any remedial procedures, with respect to any Collateral or any other property of any such Loan Party, it being understood and agreed that all powers, rights and remedies under or with respect to the Loan Documents or the amounts due thereunder may be exercised solely by the Administrative Agent, the Collateral Agent and the Security Trustee (or their applicable designees or sub-agents) on behalf of the Lenders and the other Secured Parties as the Administrative Agent, the Collateral Agent and the Security Trustee may be directed by the Required Lenders and in accordance with the terms hereof and thereof and applicable law.  No Lender or other Secured Party shall instruct the Administrative Agent, the Collateral Agent or the Security Trustee to commence any judicial or non-judicial foreclosure proceedings with
136


respect to, seek to have a trustee, receiver, liquidator or similar official appointed for or over, attempt any action to take possession of, exercise any right, remedy or power with respect to, or otherwise take any action to enforce its security interest in or realize upon, or take any other action available to it in respect of, any Collateral, whether under any Loan Document, applicable law or otherwise, it being agreed that only the Collateral Agent, acting at the direction of the Required Lenders or as otherwise authorized herein, shall be entitled to take any such actions or exercise any remedies with respect to any Collateral at such time.  Notwithstanding the foregoing, if so directed by the Required Lenders, each of the Administrative Agent, the Collateral Agent and the Security Trustee is irrevocably authorized, in connection with an Event of Default under Section 8(a) resulting from the failure to pay Secured Obligations owing to the Lenders, to sue for payment of, or to initiate any suit, action or proceedings against any Loan Party to enforce payment of or to collect such Secured Obligations.  The provisions of this Section 10.22 are for the sole benefit of the Lenders and shall not afford any right to, or constitute a defense available to, any Loan Party.
10.23            Keepwell .  Each of the Qualified ECP Guarantors hereby jointly and severally absolutely, unconditionally and irrevocably undertakes to provide such funds or other support as may be needed from time to time by each other Loan Party to honor all of its obligations under its Loan Guarantee and the other Loan Documents in respect of Swap Obligations (provided, however, that each Qualified ECP Guarantor shall only be liable under this Section 10.23 for the maximum amount of such liability that can be hereby incurred without rendering its obligations and undertakings under this Section 10.23, or otherwise under the Loan Guarantee, voidable under applicable law relating to fraudulent conveyance or fraudulent transfer, and not for any greater amount).  The obligations and undertakings of each Qualified ECP Guarantor under this Section 10.23 shall remain in full force and effect until the Secured Obligations have been paid in full.  Each Qualified ECP Guarantor intends that this Section 10.23 constitute, and this Section 10.23 shall be deemed to constitute, a "keepwell, support, or other agreement" for the benefit of each other Loan Party for all purposes of Section 1a(18)(A)(v)(II) of the Commodity Exchange Act.
10.24            Acknowledgement and Consent to Bail-In of EEA Financial Institutions .  Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in any Loan Document or in any other agreement, arrangement or understanding among any such parties, each party hereto acknowledges that any liability of any EEA Financial Institution arising under any Loan Document, to the extent such liability is unsecured, may be subject to the write-down and conversion powers of an EEA Resolution Authority and agrees and consents to, and acknowledges and agrees to be bound by:
(a)            the application of any Write-Down and Conversion Powers by an EEA Resolution Authority to any such liabilities arising hereunder which may be payable to it by any party hereto that is an EEA Financial Institution; and
(b)            the effects of any Bail-in Action on any such liability, including, if applicable:
(i)            a reduction in full or in part or cancellation of any such liability;
137


(ii)            a conversion of all, or a portion of, such liability into shares or other instruments of ownership in such EEA Financial Institution, its parent undertaking, or a bridge institution that may be issued to it or otherwise conferred on it, and that such shares or other instruments of ownership will be accepted by it in lieu of any rights with respect to any such liability under this Agreement or any other Loan Document; or
(iii)            the variation of the terms of such liability in connection with the exercise of the write-down and conversion powers of any EEA Resolution Authority.
*            *           *
138


IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Agreement to be duly executed and delivered by their proper and duly authorized officers as of the day and year first above written.

 
ARCTIC LNG CARRIERS LTD.,
as Borrower
   
   
 
By:
/s/ Daniel Avezbaki
   
Name:
Daniel Avezbaki
   
Title:
Attorney-in-fact


 
DYNAGAS FINANCE LLC,
as Finco
   
   
 
By:
/s/ Daniel Avezbaki
   
Name:
Daniel Avezbaki
   
Title:
Attorney-in-fact

Credit Agreement


 
BORROWER SUBSIDIARY GUARANTORS:
 
SEACROWN MARITIME LTD.
SOLANA HOLDING LTD.
NAVAJO MARINE LIMITED
FAREASTERN SHIPPING LIMITED
PEGASUS SHIPHOLDING S.A.
LANCE SHIPPING S.A.
 
   
 
By:
/s/ Daniel Avezbaki
   
Name:
Daniel Avezbaki
   
Title:
Attorney-in-fact

Credit Agreement


 
CREDIT SUISSE AG, CAYMAN ISLANDS BRANCH, as Administrative Agent, Collateral Agent and Lender
   
 
By:
/s/ Nupur Kumar
   
Name:
Nupur Kumar
   
Title:
Authorized Signatory

   
   
 
By:
/s/ Lea Baerlocher
   
Name:
Lea Baerlocher
   
Title:
Authorized Signatory

Credit Agreement


ANNEX I
TO CREDIT AGREEMENT
COMMITMENTS

Lender
Term Loan Commitment
   
   
Credit Suisse AG, Cayman Islands Branch
$480,000,000
   
   
Total
$480,000,000


SCHEDULE A
Borrower Subsidiary Guarantors
1.
Lance Shipping S.A., a Marshall Islands corporation
2.
Pegasus Shipholding S.A., a Marshall Islands corporation
3.
Seacrown Maritime Ltd., a Marshall Islands corporation
4.
Fareastern Shipping Limited, a Malta private limited liability company
5.
Navajo Marine Limited, a Marshall Islands corporation
6.
Solana Holding Ltd., a Marshall Islands corporation


SCHEDULE 6.10
UCC-1 Filing Offices
Debtor
Filing
Filing Office
Arctic LNG Carriers Ltd.
UCC-1
Washington D.C. Recorder of Deeds
Seacrown Maritime Ltd.
UCC-1
Washington D.C. Recorder of Deeds
Solana Holding Ltd.
UCC-1
Washington D.C. Recorder of Deeds
Navajo Marine Limited
UCC-1
Washington D.C. Recorder of Deeds
Lance Shipping S.A.
UCC-1
Washington D.C. Recorder of Deeds
Pegasus Shipholding S.A.
UCC-1
Washington D.C. Recorder of Deeds
Fareastern Shipping Limited
UCC-1
Washington D.C. Recorder of Deeds


SCHEDULE 6.11
Capital Stock of each Loan Party (other than the Parent)
Loan Party
Number of Certificate
Registered Owner
Number and Class of Equity Interest
Percentage Ownership
Arctic LNG Carriers Ltd.
1
Dynagas Equity Holding Limited
500
100%
Dynagas Finance LLC
N/A
Arctic LNG Carriers Ltd.
Uncertificated limited liability company membership interests
100%
Seacrown Maritime Ltd.
3
Arctic LNG Carriers Ltd.
500
100%
Solana Holding Ltd.
4
Arctic LNG Carriers Ltd.
500
100%
Navajo Marine Limited
4
Arctic LNG Carriers Ltd.
500
100%
Lance Shipping S.A.
3
Arctic LNG Carriers Ltd.
500
100%
Pegasus Shipholding S.A.
3
Arctic LNG Carriers Ltd.
500
100%
Fareastern Shipping
Limited
3
Arctic LNG Carriers Ltd.
1,200
100%
Dynagas Operating GP LLC
N/A
Dynagas LNG Partners LP
Uncertificated limited liability company membership interests
100%
Dynagas Operating LP
N/A
Dynagas LNG Partners LP
 
 
Dynagas Operating GP LLC
Uncertificated limited partnership interests
 
Uncertificated non-economic
100% LP Interest
 



       general partnership interests  100% GP Interest
Dynagas Equity Holding Limited
11
Dynagas Operating LP
500
100%


SCHEDULE 6.12
Subsidiaries of the Borrower
Subsidiary
Jurisdiction of Organization
Registered Owner
Percentage of Equity Interests
Dynagas Finance LLC
Delaware
Arctic LNG Carriers Ltd.
100%
Seacrown Maritime Ltd.
Marshall Islands
Arctic LNG Carriers Ltd.
100%
Solana Holding Ltd.
Marshall Islands
Arctic LNG Carriers Ltd.
100%
Navajo Marine Limited
Marshall Islands
Arctic LNG Carriers Ltd.
100%
Lance Shipping S.A.
Marshall Islands
Arctic LNG Carriers Ltd.
100%
Pegasus Shipholding S.A.
Marshall Islands
Arctic LNG Carriers Ltd.
100%
Fareastern Shipping Limited
Malta
Arctic LNG Carriers Ltd.
100%


SCHEDULE 6.15
Legal Name, Type of Organization, Jurisdiction of each Loan Party
Full and Exact Legal
Name of Loan Party
Type of Organization
Jurisdiction of
Organization
Organizational
Identification
Number
(Jurisdiction)
Dynagas LNG Partners LP
Publicly traded limited partnership
Marshall Islands
950060
Dynagas Operating LP
Limited partnership
Marshall Islands
950059
Dynagas Operating GP LLC
Limited liability company
Marshall Islands
962418
Dynagas Equity Holding Limited
Corporation
Liberia
C-115521
Arctic LNG Carriers Ltd.
Corporation
Marshall Islands
77480
Dynagas Finance LLC
Limited liability company
Delaware
N/A
Seacrown Maritime Ltd
Corporation
Marshall Islands
10628
Solana Holding Ltd
Corporation
Marshall Islands
47644
Navajo Marine Limited
Corporation
Marshall Islands
47650
Lance Shipping S.A.
Corporation
Marshall Islands
10149
Pegasus Shipholding S.A.
Corporation
Marshall Islands
10748
Fareastern Shipping Limited, a Malta private limited liability company
Private limited liability company
Malta
C 52103


SCHEDULE 6.21
Collateral Vessels

Vessel
Registered Owner
Flag
Official Number
Amur River
Seacrown Maritime Ltd.
Marshall Islands
3001
Lena River
Solana Holding Ltd.
Marshall Islands
5073
Yenisei River
Navajo Marine Limited
Marshall Islands
5072
Ob River
Lance Shipping S.A.
Marshall Islands
2846
Clean Energy
Pegasus Shipholding S.A.
Marshall Islands
2742
Arctic Aurora
Fareastern Shipping Limited
Malta
9645970


SCHEDULE 6.22
Properties
None.


SCHEDULE 6.30
Material Contracts
1.
Time Charter Agreement, dated as of June 19, 2013, by and between the Arctic Aurora Subsidiary and Statoil ASA with respect to Vessel A
2.
LNG Carrier Time Charter Agreement, dated as of April 17, 2014, by and between the Amur River Subsidiary and Gazprom Marketing and Trading Singapore PTE. LTD with respect to Vessel B
3.
LNG Carrier Time Charter Agreement, dated as of October 31, 2016, by and between the Clean Energy Subsidiary and Gazprom Marketing and Trading Singapore PTE. LTD with respect to Vessel C
4.
LNG Carrier Time Charterparty, dated as of August 2, 2011, by and between the Lena River Subsidiary and Gazprom Global LNG Limited with respect to Vessel D
5.
the Lena River Yamal Charter
6.
LNG Carrier Time Charterparty, dated as of August 2, 2011, by and between the Ob River Subsidiary and Gazprom Global LNG Limited with respect to Vessel E
7.
LNG Carrier Time Charterparty, dated as of March 24, 2016, by and between the Ob River Subsidiary and Gazprom Marketing and Trading Singapore PTE. LTD with respect to Vessel E
8.
LNG Carrier Time Charterparty, dated as of August 2, 2011, by and between the Yenisei River Subsidiary and Gazprom Global LNG Limited with respect to Vessel F
9.
the Yenisei River Yamal Charter


SCHEDULE 7.12(c)(ix)
Transactions with Affiliates
1.
Ship Management Agreement, dated December 21, 2012, by and between the Manager and the Clean Energy Subsidiary, relating to Vessel C
2.
Ship Management Agreement, dated December 21, 2012, by and between the Manager and the Ob River Subsidiary, relating to Vessel E
3.
Ship Management Agreement, dated December 21, 2012, by and between the Manager and the Amur River Subsidiary, relating to Vessel B
4.
Ship Management Agreement, dated December 16, 2013, by and between the Manager and the Arctic Aurora Subsidiary, relating to Vessel A
5.
Ship Management Agreement, dated December 17, 2013, by and between the Manager and the Yenisei River Subsidiary, relating to Vessel F
6.
Ship Management Agreement, dated December 17, 2013, by and between the Manager and the Lena River Subsidiary, relating to Vessel D


SCHEDULE 7.13
Existing Liens
None.


SCHEDULE 7.15(a)(iv)


Existing Investments

None.


EXHIBIT A
TO CREDIT AGREEMENT
[FORM OF] ASSIGNMENT AND ASSUMPTION AGREEMENT
This Assignment and Assumption Agreement (this " Assignment and Assumption ") is dated as of the Effective Date set forth below and is entered into by and between the Assignor (as defined below) and the Assignee (as defined below).  Capitalized terms used but not defined herein shall have the meanings given to them in the Credit Agreement identified below (the " Credit Agreement "), receipt of a copy of which is hereby acknowledged by the Assignee.  The Standard Terms and Conditions set forth in Annex I attached hereto are hereby agreed to and incorporated herein by reference and made a part of this Assignment and Assumption as if set forth herein in full.
For an agreed consideration, the Assignor hereby irrevocably sells and assigns to the Assignee, and the Assignee hereby irrevocably purchases and assumes from the Assignor, subject to and in accordance with the Standard Terms and Conditions referred to below and the Credit Agreement, as of the Effective Date inserted by the Administrative Agent as contemplated below, (a) all the Assignor's rights and obligations in its capacity as a Lender under the Credit Agreement and any other documents or instruments delivered pursuant thereto to the extent related to the amount and percentage interest identified below of all of such outstanding rights and obligations of the Assignor under the respective facilities identified below (including any Loan Guarantees included in such facilities) and (b) to the extent permitted to be assigned under applicable law, all claims, suits, causes of action and any other right of the Assignor (in its capacity as a Lender) against any Person, whether known or unknown, arising under or in connection with the Credit Agreement, any other documents or instruments delivered pursuant thereto or the loan transactions governed thereby or in any way based on or related to any of the foregoing, including contract claims, tort claims, malpractice claims, statutory claims and all other claims at law or in equity related to the rights and obligations sold and assigned pursuant to clause (a) above (the rights and obligations sold and assigned pursuant to clauses (a) and (b) above being referred to herein collectively as the " Assigned Interest ").  Such sale and assignment is without recourse to the Assignor and, except as expressly provided in this Assignment and Assumption, without representation or warranty by the Assignor.
 
1.
Assignor:
 
       
 
2.
Assignee:
 
     
[and is [a Lender] [an Affiliate of [Identify Lender]]] 1
       
 
3.
Borrowers: Arctic LNG Carriers LTD. and Dynagas Finance LLC
     
 
4.
Administrative Agent: Credit Suisse AG, Cayman Islands Branch, as the Administrative Agent under the Credit Agreement
     




1            Select as applicable.
A-1


5.
Credit Agreement: The Credit Agreement dated as of May 18, 2017, among Arctic LNG Carriers LTD., Dynagas Finance LLC, the Borrower Subsidiary Guarantors party thereto from time to time, the Lenders party thereto from time to time, and Credit Suisse AG, Cayman Islands Branch, as Administrative Agent.
6.
Assigned Interest: 2

Facility Assigned
 
Aggregate Amount
of
Commitments/Loans
of the applicable
Class of all Lenders
   
Amount of the
Commitments/Loans
of the applicable
Class Assigned
   
Percentage Assigned
of Aggregate
Amount of
Commitments/Loans
of the applicable
Class of all Lenders 3
 
Term Loans
 
$
 
   
$
 
     
 
%
[         ] 4
 
$
 
   
$
 
     
 
%
                         

Effective Date :  ___________, 20___ [TO BE INSERTED BY THE ADMINISTRATIVE AGENT AND WHICH SHALL BE THE EFFECTIVE DATE OF RECORDATION OF TRANSFER IN THE REGISTER THEREFOR]
The Assignee, if not already a Lender, agrees to deliver to the Administrative Agent any tax forms required by Section 4.07(g) of the Credit Agreement and to designate one or more credit contacts to whom all syndicate-level information (which may contain Parent Restricted Information) will be made available and who may receive such information in accordance with the Assignee's compliance procedures and applicable laws, including Federal and State securities laws.



2            Must comply with the minimum assignment amounts set forth in Section 10.04(b)(ii)(A) of the Credit Agreement, to the extent such minimum assignment amounts are applicable.
3            Set forth, to at least 9 decimals, as a percentage of the Commitments/Loans of all Term Lenders or Incremental Lenders of any Class, as applicable.
4            In the event Other Term Loans of any Class are established under Section 2.12 of the Credit Agreement, refer to the Class of such Loans assigned.
A-2



The terms set forth above are hereby agreed to:
 
[Consented to and 5 Accepted:
___________________________, as Assignor,
 
CREDIT SUISSE AG, CAYMAN ISLANDS BRANCH,
   
as Administrative Agent,
     
by
   
by
 
 
Name:
   
Name:
 
Title:
   
Title:]
         
___________________________, as Assignee,
     
         
         
by
       
 
Name:
     
 
Title:
     
         




5            No consent of the Administrative Agent is required for an assignment to a Lender or an Affiliate of a Lender.
A-3


ANNEX 1 TO
[FORM OF] ASSIGNMENT AND ASSUMPTION AGREEMENT
STANDARD TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR
ASSIGNMENT AND ASSUMPTION
1.            Representations and Warranties .
1.1            Assignor .  The Assignor (a) represents and warrants that (i) it is the legal and beneficial owner of the Assigned Interest, (ii) the Assigned Interest is free and clear of any lien, encumbrance or other adverse claim and (iii) it has full power and authority, and has taken all action necessary, to execute and deliver this Assignment and Assumption and to consummate the transactions contemplated hereby; and (b) assumes no responsibility with respect to (i) any statements, warranties or representations made in or in connection with the Credit Agreement or any other Loan Document, other than statements made by it herein, (ii) the execution, legality, validity, enforceability, genuineness, sufficiency or value of the Loan Documents or any collateral thereunder, (iii) the financial condition of the Parent, the Borrowers, any Subsidiary or any other Affiliate of the Parent or any other Person obligated in respect of any Loan Document or (iv) the performance or observance by the Parent, the Borrowers, any Subsidiary or any other Affiliate of the Parent or any other Person of any of their respective obligations under any Loan Document.
1.2            Assignee .  The Assignee (a) represents and warrants that (i) it has full power and authority, and has taken all action necessary, to execute and deliver this Assignment and Assumption, to consummate the transactions contemplated hereby and to become a Lender under the Credit Agreement, (ii) it satisfies the requirements, if any, specified in the Credit Agreement that are required to be satisfied by it in order to acquire the Assigned Interest and become a Lender, (iii) from and after the Effective Date, it shall be bound by the provisions of the Credit Agreement as a Lender thereunder and, to the extent of the Assigned Interest, shall have the obligations of a Lender thereunder, (iv) it has received a copy of the Credit Agreement, together with copies of the most recent financial statements delivered pursuant to Section 7.05 thereof (or, prior to the first such delivery, the financial statements referred to in Sections 5.01(g) and 5.01(h) thereof), and such other documents and information as it has deemed appropriate to make its own credit analysis and decision to enter into this Assignment and Assumption and to purchase the Assigned Interest on the basis of which it has made such analysis and decision independently and without reliance on the Administrative Agent, the Assignor or any other Lender, (v) if it is a Lender that is a U.S. Person, attached hereto is an executed original of IRS Form W-9 certifying that such Lender is exempt from U.S. Federal backup withholding tax and (vi) if it is a foreign Lender, attached hereto is any documentation required to be delivered by it pursuant to the terms of the Credit Agreement (including Section 4.07(g) thereof), duly completed and executed by the Assignee, and (b) agrees that (i) it will, independently and without reliance on the Administrative Agent, the Assignor or any other Lender or Agent, and based on such documents and information as it shall deem appropriate at the time, continue to make its own credit decisions in taking or not taking action under the Loan Documents and (ii) it will perform in accordance with their terms all of the obligations which by the terms of the Loan Documents are required to be performed by it as a Lender.
A-4


2.            Payments .  From and after the Effective Date, the Administrative Agent shall make all payments in respect of the Assigned Interest (including payments of principal, interest, fees and other amounts) to the Assignee whether such amounts have accrued prior to or on or after the Effective Date.  The Assignor and the Assignee shall make all appropriate adjustments in payments by the Administrative Agent for periods prior to the Effective Date or with respect to the making of this assignment directly between themselves.
3.            General Provisions .  This Assignment and Assumption shall be binding upon, and inure to the benefit of, the parties hereto and their respective successors and assigns.  This Assignment and Assumption may be executed in any number of counterparts (and by different parties hereto on different counterparts), each of which shall constitute an original, but all of which when taken together shall constitute a single contract.  Delivery of an executed counterpart of a signature page of this Assignment and Assumption by facsimile or other electronic imaging shall be effective as delivery of a manually executed counterpart of this Assignment and Assumption.  This Assignment and Assumption shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of New York.
A-5


EXHIBIT B
Form of Guarantee Agreement
See Attached


 

 
EXECUTION VERSION
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
GUARANTEE AGREEMENT
 
dated as of
 
May 18, 2017
 
among
 
ARCTIC LNG CARRIERS LTD.,
as Borrower
 
DYNAGAS FINANCE LLC,
as Finco
 
DYNAGAS LNG PARTNERS LP,
as the Parent
 
THE OTHER GUARANTORS
IDENTIFIED HEREIN
 
and
 
CREDIT SUISSE AG,
as Administrative Agent and Collateral Agent
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 



TABLE OF CONTENTS
ARTICLE I

Definitions

SECTION 1.01.
Defined Terms
1
SECTION 1.02.
Other Defined Terms
1

ARTICLE II

Guarantee

SECTION 2.01.
Guarantee
7
SECTION 2.02.
Guarantee of Payment; Continuing Guarantee
8
SECTION 2.03.
No Limitations
8
SECTION 2.04.
Limitation on Obligations Guaranteed
9
SECTION 2.05.
Reinstatement
9
SECTION 2.06.
Agreement to Pay; Subrogation
10
SECTION 2.07.
Information
10
SECTION 2.08.
Payments
10
SECTION 2.09.
Bankruptcy, Etc
10
SECTION 2.10.
Subordination of Other Obligations
10
SECTION 2.11.
Keepwell
11

ARTICLE III

Rights of Reimbursement, Contribution and Subrogation

SECTION 3.01.
Rights of Reimbursement, Contribution and Subrogation
11

ARTICLE IV

Representations, Warranties and Agreements

SECTION 4.01.
Corporate/Limited Liability Company/Limited Partnership Status
13
SECTION 4.02.
Corporate Power and Authority
13
SECTION 4.03.
No Violation
13
SECTION 4.04.
Governmental Approvals
14
SECTION 4.05.
Financial Statements; Financial Condition; Undisclosed Liabilities; etc.
14
SECTION 4.06.
True and Complete Disclosure
15
SECTION 4.07.
Intentionally Omitted.
15
SECTION 4.08.
Capitalization
15
SECTION 4.09.
Compliance with Statutes, etc.
15
SECTION 4.10.
Investment Company Act
16

i


SECTION 4.11.
Legal Names; Type of Organization (and Whether a Registered Organization); Jurisdiction of Organization; etc
16
SECTION 4.12.
No Default or Event of Default
16
SECTION 4.13.
Anti-Corruption Laws
16
SECTION 4.14.
Anti-Terrorism
16
SECTION 4.15.
No Immunity
17
SECTION 4.16.
Existence
18
SECTION 4.17.
Litigation
18

ARTICLE V

Covenants.

SECTION 5.01.
Existence; Conduct of Business
18
SECTION 5.02.
Payment of Obligations
18
SECTION 5.03.
Compliance with Laws
19
SECTION 5.04.
Credit Ratings
19
SECTION 5.05.
Limitations on Pledge of Capital Stock and Liens
19
SECTION 5.06.
Limitations on Restricted Payments
19
SECTION 5.07.
No Liquidation, Merger or Consolidation
21

ARTICLE VI

Miscellaneous

SECTION 6.01.
Notices
22
SECTION 6.02.
Waivers; Amendment
22
SECTION 6.03.
Administrative Agent's and Collateral Agent's Fees and Expenses; Indemnification
23
SECTION 6.04.
Survival
23
SECTION 6.05.
Counterparts; Effectiveness, Successors and Assigns
24
SECTION 6.06.
Severability
24
SECTION 6.07.
Right of Set-Off
24
SECTION 6.08.
Governing Law; Jurisdiction; Consent to Service of Process
25
SECTION 6.09.
WAIVER OF JURY TRIAL
26
SECTION 6.10.
Headings
26
SECTION 6.11.
Termination or Release
26
SECTION 6.12.
Additional Guarantors
27
SECTION 6.13.
Further Assurances
27
SECTION 6.14.
Collateral Agent Appointed Attorney-in-Fact
27
SECTION 6.15.
Certain Acknowledgments and Agreements
27
SECTION 6.16.
Joinder Agreements
27
SECTION 6.17.
INTERCREDITOR AGREEMENT GOVERNS
28

ii

Exhibits
Exhibit I
Form of Supplement
Exhibit II
Form of Joinder
iii


GUARANTEE AGREEMENT dated as of May 18, 2017 (this " Agreement "), among Dynagas LNG Partners LP, a publicly traded Marshall Islands limited partnership (the " Parent "), Arctic LNG Carriers LTD., a Marshall Islands corporation (the " Borrower "), Dynagas Finance LLC, a newly-formed Delaware limited liability company (" Finco " and, together with the Borrower, the " Borrowers "), the other Guarantors from time to time party hereto and Credit Suisse AG, Cayman Islands Branch (" Credit Suisse "), as Administrative Agent and Collateral Agent.
Reference is made to that certain Credit Agreement dated as of May 18, 2017 (as amended, amended and restated, supplemented or otherwise modified and in effect from time to time, the " Credit Agreement "), among the Borrower, Finco, the other Subsidiaries of the Borrower from time to time party thereto, the lenders from time to time party thereto and Credit Suisse, as Administrative Agent and Collateral Agent, which provides for the incurrence of the Loans and permits the Borrower to incur other Pari Passu Obligations subject to certain terms and conditions (the trustee or agent of which shall, upon the execution of a Joinder Agreement, become party hereto on behalf of the holders or lenders of such other Pari Passu Obligations). The Lenders have agreed to extend credit to the Borrowers subject to the terms and conditions set forth in the Credit Agreement. The obligations of the Lenders to extend such credit are conditioned upon, among other things, the execution and delivery of this Agreement. The Parent and the other Guarantors (as defined below) are Affiliates of the Borrowers, will derive substantial benefits from the extension of credit to the Borrowers pursuant to the Credit Agreement and are willing to execute and deliver this Agreement in order to induce the Lenders to extend such credit. Accordingly, the parties hereto agree as follows:
ARTICLE I

Definitions

SECTION 1.01. Defined Terms .  (a) Each capitalized term used but not defined herein shall have the meaning specified in the Credit Agreement.
(b)            The rules of construction specified in Section 1.02 of the Credit Agreement also apply to this Agreement, mutatis mutandis .
SECTION 1.02. Other Defined Terms . As used in this Agreement, the following terms have the meanings specified below:
" Agreement " has the meaning assigned to such term in the preamble hereto.
" Borrower " has the meaning assigned to such term in the preamble hereto.
" Borrowers " has the meaning assigned to such term in the preamble hereto.
" Consolidated Adjusted EBITDA " shall mean, in respect of the Parent with respect to any period, Consolidated Net Income of such Person for such period plus , without duplication:
1

(1)            provision for taxes and taxes accrued based on income or profits of such Person and its Subsidiaries for such period, to the extent that such provision for taxes and taxes accrued was deducted in computing such Consolidated Net Income; plus
(2)            the Consolidated Net Interest Expense of such Person and its Subsidiaries to the extent that such Consolidated Net Interest Expenses were deducted in computing such Consolidated Net Income; plus
(3)            depreciation, amortization (including amortization of intangibles, amortization and write-down (if any) of fair value of acquired time charters and charter hire amortization but excluding amortization of prepaid cash expenses that were paid in a prior period) and other non-cash expenses (excluding any such non-cash expense to the extent that it represents an accrual of or reserve for cash expenses in any future period or amortization of a prepaid cash expense that was paid in a prior period, but including, for the avoidance of doubt, any write-off or write-down of capitalized debt issuance costs) of such Person and its Subsidiaries for such period to the extent that such depreciation, amortization and other non-cash expenses were deducted in computing such Consolidated Net Income; plus
(4)            to the extent Attributable Indebtedness is outstanding and is not a Capital Lease Obligation, the amount of any payments therefor; minus
(5)            non-cash items increasing such Consolidated Net Income for such period, other than the accrual of revenue in the ordinary course of business, in each case, on a consolidated basis and determined in accordance with GAAP.
For purposes of determining Consolidated Adjusted EBITDA for any period that includes the quarterly periods ending on the last day of September 2016 and December 2016, the Consolidated Adjusted EBITDA of the Parent for each such quarterly period shall be deemed to be $35,136,000 and $33,525,000, respectively.
" Consolidated Interest Coverage Ratio " shall mean, in respect of the Parent, for any period, the ratio of the Consolidated Adjusted EBITDA of such Person for such period to the Consolidated Net Interest Expense of such Person for such period; provided , however , that:
(1)            if such Person or any of its Subsidiaries has Incurred any Indebtedness since the beginning of such period that remains outstanding on the date a determination of the Consolidated Interest Coverage Ratio is to be made, or if the transaction giving rise to the need to calculate the Consolidated Interest Coverage Ratio is an Incurrence of Indebtedness, or both, Consolidated Adjusted EBITDA and Consolidated Net Interest Expense for such period shall be calculated after giving effect on a pro forma basis to such Indebtedness as if such Indebtedness had been Incurred on the first day of such period;
(2)            if such Person or any of its Subsidiaries has repaid, repurchased, defeased or otherwise discharged any Indebtedness since the beginning of such period, or if any Indebtedness is to be repaid, repurchased, defeased or otherwise discharged (in each case other than Indebtedness Incurred under any revolving credit facility unless such Indebtedness has been permanently repaid and has not been replaced) on the date of the transaction giving rise to the need to calculate the Consolidated Interest Coverage Ratio, Consolidated Adjusted EBITDA and
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Consolidated Net Interest Expense for such period shall be calculated on a pro forma basis as if such repayment, repurchase, defeasance or discharge had occurred on the first day of such period;
(3)            if, since the beginning of such period, such Person or any of its Subsidiaries shall have made any asset sale, Consolidated Adjusted EBITDA for such period shall be reduced by an amount equal to the Consolidated Adjusted EBITDA (if positive) directly attributable to the assets which are the subject of such disposition for such period, or increased by an amount equal to the Consolidated Adjusted EBITDA (if negative) directly attributable thereto for such period, and Consolidated Net Interest Expense for such period shall be reduced by an amount equal to the Consolidated Net Interest Expense directly attributable to any Indebtedness of such Person or any of its Subsidiaries repaid, repurchased, defeased or otherwise discharged with respect to such Person and its Subsidiaries in connection with such disposition for such period (or, if the Capital Stock of any Subsidiary is sold, the Consolidated Net Interest Expense for such period directly attributable to the Indebtedness of such Subsidiary to the extent such Person and its remaining Subsidiaries are no longer liable for such Indebtedness after such sale);
(4)            if, since the beginning of such period, any other Person that subsequently became a Subsidiary of such Person or was merged with or into such Person or any of its Subsidiaries since the beginning of such period shall have made any asset sale, any Investment or acquisition of assets that would have required an adjustment pursuant to clause (3) above or (6) below if made by the specified Person or a Subsidiary thereof during such period, Consolidated Adjusted EBITDA and Consolidated Net Interest Expense for such period shall be calculated after giving pro forma effect thereto as if such asset sale, Investment or acquisition had occurred on the first day of such period;
(5)            Consolidated Adjusted EBITDA and Consolidated Net Interest Expense of discontinued operations recorded on or after the date such operations are classified as discontinued in accordance with GAAP shall be excluded but, with respect to Consolidated Net Interest Expense, only to the extent that the obligations giving rise to such Consolidated Net Interest Expense will not be obligations of such Person or any of its Subsidiaries following such classification; and
(6)            if, since the beginning of such period, such Person or any of its Subsidiaries shall have (i) by merger or otherwise, made an Investment in any Subsidiary of such Person (or any Person which becomes a Subsidiary of such Person), or (ii) acquired assets constituting all or substantially all of an operating unit of a business or, in the case of the Parent or any of its Subsidiaries that are not the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries, acquired an additional vessel, or, in the case of the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries, acquired an Additional Collateral Vessel, Consolidated Adjusted EBITDA and Consolidated Net Interest Expense for such period shall be calculated after giving pro forma effect thereto (including, without limitation, the Incurrence of any Indebtedness) as if such Investment or acquisition had occurred on the first day of such period.
" Consolidated Net Interest Expense " shall mean, with respect to the Parent for any period,
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(A) the sum, without duplication, of:
(1)            the consolidated interest expense of such Person and its Subsidiaries for such period, whether paid or accrued, including, without limitation, non-cash interest payments, the interest component of any deferred payment obligations, the interest component of all payments associated with Capital Lease Obligations, commissions, discounts and other fees and charges Incurred in respect of letter of credit or bankers' acceptance financings, but excluding:
(a)
amortization of debt issuance costs and original issue discount; and
(b)
any nonrecurring charges relating to any premium or penalty paid (including prepayment fees), write-off of deferred finance costs or original issue discount or other charges in connection with redeeming or otherwise retiring any Indebtedness prior to its Stated Maturity, to the extent that any of such nonrecurring charges constitute interest expense;
(c)
net payments (if any) pursuant to Hedging Obligations;
(2)            the consolidated interest expense of such Person and any of its Subsidiaries that was capitalized during such period; and
(3)            to the extent any Attributable Indebtedness is outstanding and is not a Capital Lease Obligation, the amount of interest implicit in any payments related to such Attributable Indebtedness during such period,
minus
(B) interest income (if any);
For purposes of determining Consolidated Net Interest Expense for any period that includes the quarterly periods ending on the last day of September 2016, December 2016, March 2017 and June 2017, the Consolidated Net Interest Expense of the Parent for each such quarterly period shall be deemed to be $10,552,000, $10,535,000, $10,458,000 and $10,608,000, respectively.
" Consolidated Net Income " shall mean, with respect to any specified Person for any period, the aggregate of the Net Income of such specified Person and its Subsidiaries for such period; provided that, without duplication:
(1)            the Net Income (but not loss) of any Person that is not a Subsidiary of such Person or that is accounted for by the equity method of accounting will be included only to the extent of the amount of dividends or similar distributions paid in cash to the specified Person or a Subsidiary of such Person during such period;
(2)            the Net Income (but not loss) of any Subsidiary of such Person will be excluded to the extent that the declaration or payment of dividends or similar distributions by that Subsidiary of that Net Income is not at the date of determination permitted without any prior governmental approval (that has not been obtained) or, directly or indirectly, by operation of the terms of its charter or any agreement, instrument, judgment, decree, order, statute, rule or
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governmental regulation applicable to that Subsidiary or its stockholders (in each case other than as a result of restrictions contained in this Agreement or the Pari Passu Documents, in each case as in effect on the Closing Date); provided that Consolidated Net Income of the referenced Person will be increased by the amount of dividends or other distributions or other payments paid in cash to the referenced Person or a Subsidiary thereof during such period, to the extent not already included therein;
(3)            the cumulative effect of a change in accounting principles will be excluded;
(4)            non-cash gains and losses due solely to fluctuations in currency values will be excluded;
(5)            the case of a successor to the referenced Person by consolidation or merger or as a transferee of the referenced Person's assets, any earnings (or losses) of the successor corporation prior to such consolidation, merger or transfer of assets will be excluded;
(6)            the effects resulting from the application of purchase accounting in relation to any acquisition that is consummated after the Closing Date will be excluded;
(7)            any unrealized gain (or loss) in respect of Hedging Obligations will be excluded;
(8)            non-cash charges or expenses with respect to the grant of stock options, restricted stock or other equity compensation awards will be excluded;
(9)            goodwill write-downs or other non-cash impairments of assets, or restructuring charges or severance costs associated with acquisitions or dispositions will be excluded;
(10)            drydock, shipyard stay and special survey expenses will be excluded; and
(11)            non-recurring charges and gains will be excluded.
" Credit Agreement " has the meaning assigned to such term in the first paragraph hereto.
" Finco " has the meaning assigned to such term in the preamble hereto.
" Guarantors " shall mean (a) the Parent Guarantors, (b) the Borrowers, (c) the Subsidiaries of the Borrower identified on the signature pages hereto under the heading "Borrower Subsidiary Guarantors" and (d) each other Subsidiary of the Borrower that becomes a party to this Agreement after the Closing Date in accordance with Section 6.12 and the terms of the Credit Agreement.
" Joinder Agreement " shall mean an instrument, substantially in the form of Exhibit II hereto, by which holders of other Pari Passu Obligations become party to this Agreement.
" Net Income " shall mean, with respect to any specified Person for any period, the aggregate net income (loss) of such Person and its Subsidiaries for such period, determined in
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accordance with GAAP and before any reduction in respect of preferred stock dividends, excluding (without duplication), however:
(1)            any gain or loss, together with any related provision for taxes on such gain or loss, realized in connection with (a) any asset sale or other asset dispositions (other than in the ordinary course of business) or (b) the disposition of any securities by such specified Person or any of its Subsidiaries or the extinguishment of any Indebtedness of such specified Person or any of its Subsidiaries; and
(2)            any extraordinary gain or loss, together with any related provision for taxes on such extraordinary gain or loss.
" Obligee Guarantor " has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 2.10.
" Parent Guarantors " shall mean (a) the Parent, (b) the Subsidiaries of the Parent identified on the signature pages hereto under the heading "Parent Subsidiary Guarantors" and (c) each other Subsidiary of the Parent that directly or indirectly owns any Capital Stock of the Borrower and becomes a party to this Agreement after the Closing Date in accordance with Section 6.12 and the terms of the Credit Agreement.
" Pari Passu Documents " shall mean, collectively, the Loan Documents and any document or instrument evidencing or governing any Other Pari Passu Obligations (solely to the extent a Joinder Agreement in respect of such Other Pari Passu Obligations has been duly executed and delivered).
" Pari Passu Obligations " shall mean (a) the Secured Obligations, (b) all Other Pari Passu Obligations and, (c) all other obligations of the Borrowers and the other Guarantors in respect of, or arising under, the applicable Pari Passu Documents, in respect of the obligations described in clauses (a) through (c) of this definition (solely, in the case of clauses (b) and (c) of this definition, to the extent a Joinder Agreement in respect of such Pari Passu Obligations has been duly executed and delivered), (including, all principal, premium, interest, penalties, fees, charges, expenses, indemnifications, reimbursement obligations, damages, guarantees, and other liabilities or amounts payable or arising thereunder), whether direct or indirect (including those acquired by assumption), absolute or contingent, due or to become due, now existing or hereafter arising and including interest and fees that accrue after the commencement by or against the Borrowers or any other Guarantor of an Insolvency or Liquidation Proceeding naming such Person as the debtor in such proceeding, regardless of whether such interest and fees are allowed claims in such Insolvency or Liquidation Proceeding. The Pari Passu Obligations shall be subject to the terms of the Intercreditor Agreement
" Parent " has the meaning assigned to such term in the preamble hereto.
" Parent LPA " means the Third Amended and Restated Agreement of Limited Partnership of the Parent, as it may be amended, supplemented or restated from time to time.
" Qualified ECP Guarantor " means, in respect of any Swap Obligation, each Loan Party that has total assets exceeding $10,000,000 at the time the relevant guarantee or grant of the relevant security interest becomes effective with respect to such Swap Obligation or such
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other person as constitutes an "eligible contract participant" under the Commodity Exchange Act or any regulations promulgated thereunder and can cause another person to qualify as an "eligible contract participant" at such time by entering into a keepwell under Section 1a(18)(A)(v)(II) of the Commodity Exchange Act.
" Restricted Payment " has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 5.06(a).
" Secured Parties " shall mean, collectively, (a) the Lenders, (b) the Administrative Agent, (c) the Collateral Agent, (d) each holder of other Pari Passu Obligations that has executed, or has caused to be executed on its behalf, a Joinder Agreement, (e) each provider of cash management services the obligations under which constitute Secured Cash Management Obligations that has executed, or has caused to be executed on its behalf, a Joinder Agreement, (f) each counterparty to any hedging agreement the obligations under which constitute Secured Hedging Obligations that has executed, or has caused to be executed on its behalf, a Joinder Agreement, (g) the beneficiaries of each indemnification obligation undertaken by any Loan Party under any Pari Passu Document and (h) the successors and assigns of each of the foregoing.
" Supplement " shall mean an instrument in the form of Exhibit I hereto, or any other form approved by the Collateral Agent, and in each case reasonably satisfactory to the Collateral Agent.
" Voidable Transfer " has the meaning assigned to such term in Section 2.05.
ARTICLE II

Guarantee

SECTION 2.01. Guarantee . Each Guarantor irrevocably and unconditionally guarantees, jointly with the other Guarantors and severally, as a primary obligor and not merely as a surety, the due and punctual payment and performance by the Borrowers and each other Guarantor when due (whether at the stated maturity, by acceleration or otherwise) of the Pari Passu Obligations. Each Guarantor further agrees that the Pari Passu Obligations may be extended, renewed or increased, in whole or in part, or amended or modified, without notice to or further assent from it, and that it will remain bound upon its guarantee hereunder notwithstanding any extension, renewal, increase, amendment or modification of any Pari Passu Obligation. Each Guarantor waives presentment to, demand of payment from and protest to the Borrowers or any other Loan Party of any of the Pari Passu Obligations, and also waives notice of acceptance of its guarantee hereunder and notice of protest for nonpayment. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, each Guarantor's liability shall extend to all Pari Passu Obligations (including, without limitation, interest, fees, costs and expenses) that would be owed by any other obligor on the Pari Passu Obligations but for the fact that they are unenforceable or not allowable due to the existence of an Insolvency or Liquidation Proceeding involving such other obligor because it is the intention of the Guarantors and Secured Parties that the Pari Passu Obligations which are guaranteed by the Guarantors pursuant hereto should be determined without regard to any rule of law or order which may relieve the Borrower, Finco or any other Guarantor of any portion of such Pari Passu Obligations.
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SECTION 2.02. Guarantee of Payment; Continuing Guarantee .  Each Guarantor further agrees that its guarantee hereunder constitutes a guarantee of payment when due (whether or not any Insolvency or Liquidation Proceeding shall have stayed the accrual or collection of any of the Pari Passu Obligations or operated as a discharge thereof) and not merely of collection, and waives any right to require that any resort be had by the Administrative Agent, the Collateral Agent or any other Secured Party to any security held for the payment of the Pari Passu Obligations, to any other guarantee, to any right of offset, to any other rights or remedies, or to any balance of any deposit account or credit on the books of the Administrative Agent, the Collateral Agent or any other Secured Party in favor of the Borrowers, any other Loan Party, or any other Person. Each Guarantor agrees that its guarantee hereunder is continuing in nature and applies to all Pari Passu Obligations, whether currently existing or hereafter incurred.
SECTION 2.03. No Limitations . (a) Except for termination of a Guarantor's obligations hereunder as expressly provided in Section 6.11, the obligations of each Guarantor hereunder shall not be subject to any reduction, limitation, impairment or termination for any reason, including any claim of waiver, release, surrender, alteration or compromise, and shall not be subject to any defense or set-off, counterclaim, recoupment or termination whatsoever by reason of the invalidity, illegality or unenforceability of the Pari Passu Obligations, any impossibility in the performance of the Pari Passu Obligations, or otherwise. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the obligations of each Guarantor hereunder shall not be discharged or impaired or otherwise affected by (i) the failure of the Administrative Agent, the Collateral Agent or any other Secured Party to assert any claim or demand or to enforce any right or remedy under the provisions of any Pari Passu Document or otherwise; (ii) any rescission, waiver, amendment or modification of, or any release from any of the terms or provisions of, any Pari Passu Document or any other agreement, including with respect to any other Guarantor under this Agreement; (iii) the release of any security held by the Collateral Agent or any other Secured Party for any of the Pari Passu Obligations; (iv) any default, failure or delay, willful or otherwise, in the performance of any of the Pari Passu Obligations; or (v) any other act or omission that may or might in any manner or to any extent vary the risk of any Guarantor or otherwise operate as a discharge of any Guarantor as a matter of law or equity (other than the indefeasible payment in full in cash of all the Pari Passu Obligations). Each Guarantor expressly authorizes the Secured Parties to take and hold security for the payment and performance of the Pari Passu Obligations, to exchange, waive or release any or all such security (with or without consideration), to enforce or apply such security and direct the order and manner of any sale thereof in their sole discretion or to release or substitute any one or more other guarantors or obligors upon or in respect of the Pari Passu Obligations, all without affecting the obligations of any Guarantor hereunder.
(b)            To the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, each Guarantor waives any defense based on or arising out of any defense of the Borrower, Finco or any other Loan Party or the unenforceability of the Pari Passu Obligations or any part thereof from any cause, or the cessation from any cause of the liability of the Borrower, Finco or any other Loan Party, other than the indefeasible payment in full in cash of all the Pari Passu Obligations. The Collateral Agent and the other Secured Parties may, at their election, foreclose on any security held by one or more of them by one or more judicial or nonjudicial sales, accept an assignment of any such security in lieu of foreclosure, compromise or adjust any part of the Pari Passu Obligations, make any other accommodation with the Borrower, Finco or any other Loan Party
 
8

or exercise any other right or remedy available to them against the Borrower, Finco or any other Loan Party, without affecting or impairing in any way the liability of any Guarantor hereunder except to the extent the Pari Passu Obligations have been fully and indefeasibly paid in full in cash. To the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, each Guarantor waives any defense arising out of any such election even though such election operates, pursuant to applicable law, to impair or to extinguish any right of reimbursement or subrogation or other right or remedy of such Guarantor against the Borrower, Finco or any other Loan Party, as the case may be, or any security.
SECTION 2.04. Limitation on Obligations Guaranteed . (a) Notwithstanding any other provision hereof, the right of recovery against each Guarantor under Section 2 hereof shall not exceed $1.00 less than the lowest amount which would render such Guarantor's obligations under Section 2 hereof void or voidable under applicable law, including, without limitation, the Uniform Fraudulent Conveyance Act, Uniform Fraudulent Transfer Act or any similar foreign, federal or state law to the extent applicable to the guaranty set forth herein and the obligations of each Guarantor hereunder. To effectuate the foregoing, the Administrative Agent, the Collateral Agent and the Guarantors hereby irrevocably agree that the Pari Passu Obligations of each Guarantor in respect of the guarantee set forth in Section 2 hereof at any time shall be limited to the maximum amount as will result in the Pari Passu Obligations of such Guarantor with respect thereto hereof not constituting a fraudulent transfer or conveyance after giving full effect to the liability under such guarantee set forth in Section 2 hereof and its related contribution rights but before taking into account any liabilities under any other guarantee by such Guarantor. For purposes of the foregoing, all guarantees of such Guarantor other than the guarantee under Section 2 hereof will be deemed to be enforceable and payable after the guaranty under Section 2 hereof. To the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, this Section 2.04(a) shall be for the benefit solely of creditors and representatives of creditors of each Guarantor and not for the benefit of such Guarantor or the holders of any Equity Interest in such Guarantor.
(b)            Each Guarantor agrees that Pari Passu Obligations may at any time and from time to time be incurred or permitted in an amount exceeding the maximum liability of such Guarantor under Section 2.04(a) without impairing the guarantee contained in this Section 2 or affecting the rights and remedies of any Secured Party hereunder.
SECTION 2.05. Reinstatement . If at any time payment of any of the Pari Passu Obligations or any portion thereof is rescinded, disgorged or must otherwise be restored or returned by any Secured Party upon the insolvency, bankruptcy, dissolution, liquidation or reorganization of any Borrower or any other Guarantor, or upon or as a result of the appointment of a receiver, intervenor or conservator of, or trustee or similar officer for, any Borrower or any other Guarantor or any substantial part of its property, or otherwise, or if any Secured Party repays, restores, or returns, in whole or in part, any payment or property previously paid or transferred to such Secured Party in full or partial satisfaction of any Pari Passu Obligation, because the payment or transfer or the incurrence of the obligation is so satisfied, is declared to be void, voidable, or otherwise recoverable under any state or federal law (collectively a " Voidable Transfer "), or because such Secured Party elects to do so on the reasonable advice of its counsel in connection with an assertion that the payment, transfer, or incurrence is a Voidable Transfer, then, as to any such Voidable Transfer, and as to all reasonable costs, expenses and
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attorney's fees of such Secured Party related thereto, the liability of each Guarantor hereunder will automatically and immediately be revived, reinstated, and restored and will exist as though the Voidable Transfer had never been made.
SECTION 2.06. Agreement to Pay; Subrogation .  In furtherance of the foregoing and not in limitation of any other right that the Administrative Agent, the Collateral Agent or any other Secured Party has at law or in equity against any Guarantor by virtue hereof, upon the failure of the Borrower, Finco or any other Loan Party to pay any Pari Passu Obligation when and as the same shall become due, whether at maturity, by acceleration, after notice of prepayment or otherwise, each Guarantor hereby promises to and will forthwith pay, or cause to be paid, to the Collateral Agent for distribution to the applicable Secured Parties in cash the amount of such unpaid Pari Passu Obligation. Upon payment by any Guarantor of any sums to the Collateral Agent as provided above, all rights of such Guarantor against the Borrower, Finco or any other Loan Party arising as a result thereof by way of right of subrogation, contribution, reimbursement, indemnity or otherwise shall in all respects be subject to Article III.
SECTION 2.07. Information . Each Guarantor (a) assumes all responsibility for being and keeping itself informed of the Borrower's, Finco's and each other Loan Party's financial condition and assets, and of all other circumstances bearing upon the risk of nonpayment of the Pari Passu Obligations and the nature, scope and extent of the risks that such Guarantor assumes and incurs hereunder, and (b) agrees that none of the Administrative Agent, the Collateral Agent or the other Secured Parties will have any duty to advise such Guarantor of information known to it or any of them regarding such circumstances or risks.
SECTION 2.08. Payments .  Each Guarantor hereby guarantees that payments hereunder will be paid to the Collateral Agent without set-off or counterclaim in U.S. Dollars in immediately available funds at the office of the Collateral Agent specified from time to time to the Loan Parties for payments hereunder.
SECTION 2.09. Bankruptcy, Etc.  The obligations of the Guarantors hereunder shall not be reduced, limited, impaired, discharged, deferred, suspended or terminated by any case or Insolvency or Liquidation Proceeding, voluntary or involuntary, involving any Borrower or any other Guarantor or by any defense which any Borrower or any Guarantor may have by reason of the order, decree or decision of any court or administrative body resulting from any such proceeding. To the fullest extent permitted by law, the Guarantors will permit any trustee in bankruptcy, receiver, debtor in possession, assignee for the benefit of creditors or similar person to pay the Agents, or allow the claim of the Agents in respect of, any interest, fees, costs, expenses or other Pari Passu Obligations accruing or arising after the date on which such case or proceeding is commenced.
SECTION 2.10. Subordination of Other Obligations . Any Indebtedness of any Borrower or any other Guarantor now or hereafter held by any other Guarantor (the " Obligee  Guarantor "), whether as original creditor, assignee, or by way of subrogation, restitution or otherwise, is hereby subordinated in right of payment to the Pari Passu Obligations, and any such Indebtedness collected or received by the Obligee Guarantor after an Event of Default has occurred and is continuing or in breach of any Pari Passu Documents shall be held in trust for the Collateral Agent on behalf of the Secured Parties and shall forthwith be paid over to the
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Collateral Agent for the benefit of the Secured Parties to be credited and applied against the Secured Obligations but without affecting, impairing or limiting in any manner the liability of the Obligee Guarantor under any other provision hereof.
SECTION 2.11. Keepwell . Each Qualified ECP Guarantor hereby jointly and severally absolutely, unconditionally and irrevocably undertakes to provide such funds or other support as may be needed from time to time by each other Loan Party to honor all of its obligations under this Agreement and the other Loan Documents in respect of Swap Obligations (provided, however, that each Qualified ECP Guarantor shall only be liable under this Section 2.11 for the maximum amount of such liability that can be hereby incurred without rendering its obligations and undertakings under this Section 2.11, or otherwise under this Agreement, voidable under applicable law relating to fraudulent conveyance or fraudulent transfer, and not for any greater amount). The obligations and undertakings of each Qualified ECP Guarantor under this Section 2.11 shall remain in full force and effect until the Secured Obligations have been paid in full. Each Qualified ECP Guarantor intends that this Section 2.11 constitute, and this Section 2.11 shall be deemed to constitute, a "keepwell, support, or other agreement" for the benefit of each other Loan Party for all purposes of Section 1a(18)(A)(v)(II) of the Commodity Exchange Act.
ARTICLE III

Rights of Reimbursement, Contribution and Subrogation

SECTION 3.01. Rights of Reimbursement, Contribution and Subrogation . In case any payment is made on account of the Pari Passu Obligations by any Guarantor or is received or collected on account of the Pari Passu Obligations from any Guarantor or its property:
(a)            If such payment is made by a Guarantor (including the Borrowers) or from its property in respect of the Pari Passu Obligations of another Guarantor, such Guarantor shall be entitled, subject to and upon (but not before) the indefeasible payment in full in cash of all the Pari Passu Obligations, (i) to demand and enforce reimbursement for the full amount of such payment from such other Guarantor, and (ii) to demand and enforce contribution in respect of such payment from each other Guarantor which has not paid its fair share of such payment, as necessary to ensure that (after giving effect to any enforcement of reimbursement rights provided hereby) each Guarantor pays its fair share of the unreimbursed portion of such payment. For this purpose, the fair share of each Guarantor as to any unreimbursed payment shall be determined based on an equitable apportionment of such unreimbursed payment among all Guarantors (other than the Guarantor whose primary obligations were so guaranteed by the other Guarantors) based on the relative value of their assets and any other equitable considerations deemed appropriate by the court. For purposes of the foregoing, all guarantees of such Guarantor other than the guarantee under Section 2 hereof will be deemed to be enforceable and payable after the guaranty under Section 2 hereof.
(b)            If and whenever any right of reimbursement or contribution becomes enforceable by any Guarantor (including the Borrowers) against any other Guarantor (including the Borrowers) whether under Section 3.01(a) or otherwise, such Guarantor shall be entitled,
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subject to and upon (but not before) the indefeasible payment in full in cash of all the Pari Passu Obligations, to be subrogated (equally and ratably with all other Guarantors entitled to reimbursement or contribution from any other Guarantor as set forth in this Section 3.01) to any security interest that may then be held by the Collateral Agent upon any collateral securing or purporting to secure any of the Pari Passu Obligations. Any right of subrogation of any Guarantor (including the Borrowers) shall be enforceable solely after the indefeasible payment in full in cash of all the Pari Passu Obligations and solely against the Guarantors, and not against the Secured Parties, and neither the Collateral Agent nor any other Secured Party shall have any duty whatsoever to warrant, ensure or protect any such right of subrogation or to obtain, perfect, maintain, hold, enforce or retain any collateral securing or purporting to secure any of the Pari Passu Obligations for any purpose related to any such right of subrogation. If subrogation is demanded by any Guarantor, then, after the indefeasible payment in full in cash of all the Pari Passu Obligations, the Collateral Agent shall deliver to the Guarantors making such demand, or to a representative of such Guarantors or of the Guarantors generally, an instrument satisfactory to the Collateral Agent transferring, on a quitclaim basis without any recourse, representation, warranty or any other obligation whatsoever, whatever security interest the Collateral Agent may then hold in whatever collateral securing or purporting to secure any of the Pari Passu Obligations that may then exist that was not previously released or disposed of or acquired by the Collateral Agent.
(c)            All rights and claims arising under this Section 3.01 or based upon or relating to any other right of reimbursement, indemnification, contribution or subrogation that may at any time arise or exist in favor of any Guarantor (including the Borrowers) as to any payment on account of either (x) the Pari Passu Obligations or (y) any other obligation that is secured by any collateral that also secures or purports to secure any of the Pari Passu Obligations, in each case made by it or received or collected from its property shall be fully subordinated to the Pari Passu Obligations in all respects prior to the indefeasible payment in full in cash of all the Pari Passu Obligations. Until the indefeasible payment in full in cash of all the Pari Passu Obligations, no Guarantor may demand or receive any collateral security, payment or distribution whatsoever (whether in cash, property or securities or otherwise) on account of any such right or claim. If any such payment or distribution is made or becomes available to any Guarantor in any bankruptcy case, receivership, or insolvency or liquidation proceeding, such payment or distribution shall be delivered by the person making such payment or distribution directly to the Collateral Agent, for application to the payment of the Pari Passu Obligations. If any such payment or distribution is received by any Guarantor, it shall be held by such Guarantor in trust, as trustee of an express trust for the benefit of the Secured Parties, and shall forthwith be transferred and delivered by such Guarantor to the Collateral Agent, in the exact form received and, if necessary, duly endorsed.
(d)            The obligations of the Guarantors under this Agreement and the other Pari Passu Documents, including their liability for the Pari Passu Obligations and the enforceability of the security interests granted thereby, are not contingent upon the validity, legality, enforceability, collectability or sufficiency of any right of reimbursement, contribution or subrogation arising under this Section 3.01 or otherwise. The invalidity, insufficiency, unenforceability or uncollectability of any such right shall not in any respect diminish, affect or impair any such obligation or any other claim, interest, right or remedy at any time held by any Secured Party against any Guarantor or its property. The Secured Parties make no
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representations or warranties in respect of any such right and shall have no duty to assure, protect, enforce or ensure any such right or otherwise relating to any such right.
ARTICLE IV

Representations, Warranties and Agreements In order to induce the Lenders to enter into the Credit Agreement and to make the Loans as provided in the Credit Agreement, the Parent and each other Parent Guarantor makes the following representations, warranties and agreements, in each case on the Closing Date, all of which shall survive the execution and delivery of this Agreement and the making of the Loans.
SECTION 4.01. Corporate/Limited Liability Company/Limited Partnership Status . Each Parent Guarantor (a) is a duly organized or incorporated and validly existing corporation, limited liability company, limited partnership, company or other business entity, as the case may be, in good standing (or, if applicable in a foreign jurisdiction, enjoys the equivalent status under the laws of such jurisdiction of organization outside the United States) under the laws of the jurisdiction of its organization or incorporation, (b) has the corporate or other applicable power and authority to own, lease and operate its properties and assets and to transact the business in which it is engaged and presently proposes to engage in all material respects and (c) is duly qualified and is authorized to do business and is in good standing in each jurisdiction where the ownership, leasing or operation of its properties or the conduct of its business requires such qualifications, except for failures to be so qualified or in good standing which, either individually or in the aggregate, would not reasonably be expected to have a material adverse effect on the ability of the Parent Guarantors to perform their obligations hereunder and under the other applicable Loan Documents. Except to the extent permitted by this Agreement, no Parent Guarantor has taken any corporate action nor have any other steps been taken or legal proceedings been started or (to the best of its knowledge and belief) threatened in writing against any of them for winding up, or dissolution or for the appointment of a liquidator, administrator, receiver, administrative receiver, trustee or similar officer of any of them or any or all of their assets or revenues nor have they sought any other relief under any applicable insolvency or bankruptcy law.
SECTION 4.02. Corporate Power and Authority . Each Parent Guarantor has the corporate or other applicable power and authority to execute, deliver and perform its obligations under each of the Loan Documents to which it is party and has taken all necessary corporate or other applicable action to authorize the execution, delivery and performance by it of each such Loan Documents. Each Parent Guarantor has duly executed and delivered each of the Loan Documents to which it is party, and each of such Loan Documents constitutes its legal, valid and binding obligation enforceable in accordance with its terms, except to the extent that the enforceability thereof may be limited by applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, fraudulent conveyance, reorganization, moratorium or other similar laws generally affecting creditors' rights and by equitable principles (regardless of whether enforcement is sought in equity or at law).
SECTION 4.03. No Violation . The Transactions, including the entrance into each applicable Loan Document and the performance of obligations thereunder, (a) will not contravene in any material respect any applicable provision of any law, statute, rule or regulation
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or any order, writ, injunction or decree of any court or governmental instrumentality, (b) will not conflict with or result in any breach of any terms, covenants, conditions or provisions of, or constitute a default under (nor would it, with notice or passage of time or both, constitute a violation of or default under), or result in the creation or imposition of (or the obligation to create or impose) any Lien (except pursuant to the Collateral Agreements) upon any of the properties or assets of the Parent Guarantors pursuant to the terms of any indenture, mortgage, deed of trust, credit agreement or loan agreement, or any other agreement, contract or instrument, in each case to which a Parent Guarantor is a party or by which it or any of its properties or assets is bound or to which it may be subject other than, solely with respect to this clause (b), any violation, default or Lien which would not, individually or in the aggregate, have a material adverse effect on the ability of the Parent Guarantors to perform their obligations hereunder and under the other applicable Loan Documents or (c) will not violate any provision of the certificate or articles of incorporation or by-laws (or equivalent organizational documents) of any Parent Guarantor.
SECTION 4.04. Governmental Approvals . No order, consent, approval, license, authorization or validation of, or filing, recording, qualification or registration with (except for those that have otherwise been obtained or made on or prior to the Closing Date and are in full force and effect), or exemption by, any governmental or public body or authority, or any subdivision thereof, is required to be obtained or made by, or on behalf of, any Parent Guarantor to authorize, or is required to be obtained or made by, or on behalf of, any Parent Guarantor in connection with the execution, delivery and performance of any Loan Document other than any such order, consent, approval, license, authorization or valuation of, or filing, recording, qualification or registration where the failure to so obtain would, individually or in the aggregate, have a material adverse effect on the ability of the Parent Guarantors to perform their obligations hereunder and under the other applicable Loan Documents.
SECTION 4.05. Financial Statements; Financial Condition; Undisclosed Liabilities; etc.
(a)            On and as of the Closing Date, and after giving effect to the Transactions and the Liens created by the Loan Parties in connection therewith, (i) the sum of the assets, at a fair valuation, of the Parent and its Subsidiaries on a consolidated basis will exceed the sum of the stated liabilities and identified contingent liabilities, of the Parent and its Subsidiaries on a consolidated basis, (ii) the sum of the assets, at a fair valuation, of the Parent and its Subsidiaries on a consolidated basis will be greater than the amount that will be required to pay the liability of the Parent and its Subsidiaries on their respective debts as such debts become obsolete and matured, (iii) the Parent and its Subsidiaries on a consolidated basis will not have unreasonably small capital with which to conduct the businesses in which they are engaged as such businesses are now conducted and are proposed to be conducted following the Closing Date, (iv) the Parent and its Subsidiaries will be able to pay their respective debts (contingent or otherwise) as they mature and (v) the Parent and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, are not otherwise insolvent under the standards set forth in applicable law.
(b)            Except as fully disclosed in the financial statements delivered by the Borrower pursuant to Section 5.01(g)(i) and (ii) of the Credit Agreement, there were as of the Closing Date no liabilities or obligations with respect to the Parent or any of its Subsidiaries of any nature whatsoever (whether absolute, accrued, contingent or otherwise and whether or not
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due) which, either individually or in the aggregate, would reasonably be expected to be material to the Parent and its Subsidiaries taken as a whole. As of the Closing Date, the Parent Guarantors do not know of any reasonable basis for the assertion against the Parent or any of its Subsidiaries of any liability or obligation of any nature whatsoever that is not fully disclosed in the financial statements delivered by the Borrower pursuant to Section 5.01(g)(i) and (ii) of the Credit Agreement which, either individually or in the aggregate, would reasonably be expected to be material to the Parent and its Subsidiaries taken as a whole.
(c)            On and as of the Closing Date, the Projections which have been delivered to the Lenders and the Agents on or prior to the Closing Date have been prepared in good faith based upon accounting principles consistent with the historical audited financial statements of the Parent and upon assumptions that were reasonable at the time made and at the time the related Projections were made available to the Lenders and the Agents, and there are no statements or conclusions in any of the Projections which are based upon or include information known to the Parent to be misleading in any material respect or which fail to take into account material information known to the Parent regarding the matters reported therein; it being recognized by the Lenders and Agents, however, that projections as to future events are not to be viewed as facts and that the actual results during the period or periods covered by the Projections may differ from the projected results.
SECTION 4.06. True and Complete Disclosure . All information (taken as a whole), other than the Projections, furnished by or on behalf of the Parent or any of its Subsidiaries or any of their respective representatives to any Agent or any Lender (including, without limitation, all information contained in the Loan Documents, the confidential information memorandum or any other document, certificate or statement) for purposes of or in connection with this Agreement, the other Loan Documents or any transaction contemplated herein or therein is, and all other such factual information hereafter furnished by or on behalf of the Parent or any of its Subsidiaries to any Agent or Lender, when taken as a whole, is or will be, when furnished, complete and correct in all material respects, and does not or will not, when furnished, contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make such information not materially misleading in light of the circumstances under which such information was provided.
SECTION 4.07. Intentionally Omitted.
SECTION 4.08. Capitalization . As of the Closing Date, all of the Capital Stock of each Loan Party (other than the Parent) is legally and Beneficially Owned as set forth on Schedule 6.11 of the Credit Agreement. Except as set forth on Schedule 6.11 of the Credit Agreement, all such outstanding Equity Interests of the Loan Parties have been duly and validly issued, are fully paid and non-assessable and have been issued free of preemptive rights.
SECTION 4.09. Compliance with Statutes, etc. Each of the Parent Guarantors is in compliance with all applicable material statutes, regulations, judgments, international treaties or conventions and orders of, and all applicable restrictions imposed by, all governmental bodies, domestic or foreign, in respect of the conduct of its business and the ownership of its property.
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SECTION 4.10. Investment Company Act . None of the Parent Guarantors is an "investment company" or a company "controlled" by an "investment company," within the meaning of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended and the rules and regulations thereunder.
SECTION 4.11. Legal Names; Type of Organization (and Whether a Registered Organization); Jurisdiction of Organization; etc. Schedule 6.15 of the Credit Agreement sets forth, as of the Closing Date, the legal name of the Parent Guarantors, the type of organization of the Parent Guarantors, whether or not each Parent Guarantor is a registered organization, the jurisdiction of organization of each Parent Guarantor and the organizational identification number (if any) of each Parent Guarantor.
SECTION 4.12. No Default or Event of Default . None of the Parent Guarantors is in default under or with respect to any indenture, mortgage, deed of trust, charter, credit agreement or loan agreement, or any other agreement, permit, contract or instrument, in each case to which such Parent Guarantor is a party or by which it or any of its property or assets is bound or to which it may be subject, except for such defaults as would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a material adverse effect on the ability of the Parent Guarantors to perform their obligations hereunder and under the other applicable Loan Documents. No Default or Event of Default has occurred and is continuing.
SECTION 4.13. Anti-Corruption Laws . None of the Loan Parties or, to the Parent's knowledge, any director, officer, employee, affiliate or agent of a Loan Party, has taken any action, directly or indirectly, that would result in a violation by any such Persons of the FCPA, including, without limitation, making use of the mails or any means or instrumentality of interstate commerce corruptly in furtherance of an offer, payment, promise to pay or authorization of the payment of any money, or other property, gift, promise to give, or authorization of the giving of anything of value to any "foreign official" (as such term is defined in the FCPA) or any non-U.S. political party or official thereof or any candidate for non-U.S. political office, in contravention of the FCPA and the Loan Parties and their affiliates have conducted their businesses in compliance with the FCPA and have instituted and maintain policies and procedures designed to promote and achieve, and which are reasonably expected to continue to promote and achieve, continued compliance therewith.
SECTION 4.14. Anti-Terrorism .
(a)            The operations of the Loan Parties are and have been conducted at all times in compliance with all applicable financial recordkeeping and reporting requirements, of all applicable Anti-Money Laundering Laws, and no action, suit or proceeding by or before any court or governmental agency, authority or body or any arbitrator involving the Loan Parties with respect to the Anti-Money Laundering Laws is pending or, to the best knowledge of the Parent, threatened.
(b)            (i) None of the Loan Parties or, to the Parent's knowledge, any director, officer, employee, affiliate, agent or representative of the Parent Guarantors, is a Person that is, or is owned 50 percent or more in the aggregate or controlled or acting on behalf of by a Person that is:
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(1)
the subject of any Sanctions, or
(2)
located, organized or resident in a Sanctioned Country.
(ii)            Each Parent Guarantor represents and covenants that it has not engaged in, is not now engaged in and will not engage in any dealings or transactions , directly or indirectly, with any Person, or in any country or territory, that at the time of the dealing or transaction was, to the Parent Guarantor's knowledge, the subject of Sanctions.
(iii)            Each Parent Guarantor will maintain in effect and enforce policies and procedures designed to ensure compliance by the Parent Guarantors, their Subsidiaries and their respective directors, officers, employees and agents with Anti-Corruption Laws and applicable Sanctions.
(iv)            Each Borrower Subsidiary Guarantor will maintain in effect and enforce policies and procedures designed to ensure compliance by the Borrower Subsidiary Guarantors, their Subsidiaries and their respective directors, officers, employees and agents with Anti-Corruption Laws and applicable Sanctions.
(v)            The Parent Guarantors and Borrower Subsidiary Guarantors shall not use, and shall procure that their Subsidiaries and their respective directors, officers, employees and agents shall not use, the proceeds of any Borrowing (a) in furtherance of an offer, payment, promise to pay, or authorization of the payment or giving of money, or anything else of value, to any Person in violation of any Anti-Corruption Laws in any material respect, (b) for the purpose of funding, financing or facilitating any activities, business or transaction of or with any Person that is the subject of Sanctions or in any Sanctioned Country to the extent such activities, business or transaction would be prohibited by Sanctions if conducted by a corporation incorporated in the United States or in a European member state, or (c) in any manner that would result in the violation of any Sanctions applicable to any party hereto.
(vi)            No Borrower or Borrower Subsidiary Guarantor will (a) engage in any transaction or dealing with respect to the Charter that would result in the violation of any Sanctions by the Security Trustee or (b) pay over to the Security Trustee any moneys or other property derived directly or indirectly from a party subject to comprehensive Sanctions or a party who is otherwise blocked or subject to an asset freeze under Sanctions, which for the avoidance of doubt excludes a party identified on the OFAC Sectoral Sanctions Identifications List, or identified in Annexes III, V or VI of, or otherwise covered by Article 5 of, Council Regulation (EU) No. 833/2014 (as amended), or a party owned fifty percent or more in the aggregate by one or more parties on the Sectoral Sanctions Identifications list.
SECTION 4.15. No Immunity . None of the Parent Guarantors is a sovereign entity or has immunity on the grounds of sovereignty or otherwise has any immunity from the jurisdiction of any court or from any legal process under the laws of the United States, the Republic of the Marshall Islands, or the Republic of Liberia or any political subdivisions thereof. A final and conclusive judgment for a sum of money obtained in a court in any jurisdiction
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inside or outside the United States arising out of or in connection with any Loan Document would be enforceable against the relevant Parent Guarantor in the courts of the Republic of the Marshall Islands or the Republic of Liberia.
SECTION 4.16. Existence .  (a) Each of the Parent Guarantors that is incorporated under the laws of the Republic of the Marshall Islands is a "non-resident corporation" under the laws of the Republic of the Marshall Islands, as such term is utilized in The Business Corporations Act and the Secured Transactions Act of 2007 and (b) each of the Parent Guarantors that is incorporated under the laws of the Republic of Liberia is a non-resident domestic corporation incorporated pursuant to the laws of the Republic of Liberia with the registered agent's address for such a company being 80 Broad Street, Monrovia, Liberia.
SECTION 4.17. Litigation . There is no action, suit, claim, investigation or proceeding pending or, to the knowledge of any Parent Guarantor, threatened against any Parent Guarantor or to which any of the properties or assets of any Parent Guarantor is subject before any court, arbitrator or administrative or governmental agency that, if determined adversely to any Parent Guarantor, would, individually or in the aggregate, have a material adverse effect on the ability of the Parent Guarantors to perform their obligations hereunder and under the other applicable Loan Documents.
ARTICLE V

Covenants.

Each Parent Guarantor covenants and agrees that from and after the Closing Date and until all Loans, together with interest, Fees and all other Loan Document Obligations (other than indemnities described in Section 10.13 of the Credit Agreement which are not then due and payable) incurred hereunder and thereunder, are paid in full:
SECTION 5.01. Existence; Conduct of Business . Each Parent Guarantor shall do or cause to be done all things necessary to preserve and keep in full force and effect its legal existence and the rights, licenses, permits, privileges, franchises, patents, copyrights, trademarks and trade names material to the conduct of its business; provided that the foregoing shall not prohibit any merger, consolidation, liquidation or dissolution permitted under Section 5 . 07 .
SECTION 5.02. Payment of Obligations . Each Parent Guarantor shall pay its material obligations (other than Indebtedness and any Hedging Obligations), including all taxes and assessments required to be paid by it (including any Tax liabilities imposed under Section 887 of the Code), except where (a) the validity or amount thereof are being contested in good faith and in respect of which an adequate reserve for accrual has been established in accordance with GAAP and (b) the failure to make payment pending such contest could not reasonably be expected to result in a material adverse effect on the ability of such Parent Guarantor to perform its obligations hereunder and under the other applicable Loan Documents. The Parent Guarantors shall ensure that no payment by or on account of any obligation of any Parent Guarantor under any Loan Document shall be treated as income from sources within the United States for U.S. federal income tax purposes by reason of Section 884(f) of the Code or the Treasury Regulations promulgated thereunder.
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SECTION 5.03. Compliance with Laws . Each Parent Guarantor shall comply with all Requirements of Law (including Environmental Laws) with respect to it or its property, except where the failure to do so, individually or in the aggregate, could not reasonably be expected to result in a material adverse effect on the ability of such Parent Guarantor to perform its obligations hereunder and under the other applicable Loan Documents.
SECTION 5.04. Credit Ratings . The Parent will use commercially reasonable efforts to maintain a public corporate rating from S&P and a public corporate family rating from Moody's.
SECTION 5.05. Limitations on Pledge of Capital Stock and Liens . Dynagas Equity will not (a) pledge the Capital Stock of the Borrower in favor of any Person or (b) directly or indirectly, create, Incur or assume any Lien of any kind on the Capital Stock of the Borrower, except for Permitted Liens.
SECTION 5.06. Limitations on Restricted Payments .
(a)            The Parent shall not, and shall not permit any of its Subsidiaries that are Parent Guarantors to, directly or indirectly:
(i)            declare or pay any dividend or make any other payment or distribution on account of Equity Interests of the Parent or any of its Subsidiaries that are Parent Guarantors (including, without limitation, any payment in connection with any merger, consolidation or amalgamation involving the Parent or any of its Subsidiaries that are Parent Guarantors) or to the direct or indirect holders of the Parent's or any of its Subsidiaries that are Parent Guarantors' Equity Interests in their capacity as such (other than dividends or distributions payable in Equity Interests (other than Disqualified Stock) of the Parent and other than dividends or distributions payable to the Parent or any of its Subsidiaries that are Parent Guarantors);
(ii)            purchase, repurchase, redeem, retire or otherwise acquire for value (including, without limitation, in connection with any merger, consolidation or amalgamation involving) any Equity Interests of the Parent or any direct or indirect parent of the Parent held by any Person (other than Equity Interests held by the Parent or any of its Subsidiaries) or any Equity Interest of any Subsidiary of the Parent held by an Affiliate of the Parent (other than Equity Interests held by the Parent or any of its Subsidiaries) (in each case other than in exchange for Equity Interests of the Parent that are not Disqualified Stock); or
(iii)            make any principal payment on or with respect to, or purchase, redeem, defease or otherwise acquire or retire for value any Indebtedness of any Borrower or any other Guarantor that is contractually subordinated to the Loans or to any Loan Guarantee, except the purchase, repurchase, redemption, defeasance or other acquisition of such Indebtedness in anticipation of satisfying a sinking fund obligation, principal installment or final maturity, in each case due within one year after the date of purchase, repurchase, redemption, defeasance or acquisition, and the payment of principal of such Indebtedness at the Stated Maturity thereof (together with all such payments and other actions set forth
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in clauses (i) and (ii) above, collectively, " Restricted Payments "), unless, at the time of and after giving effect to such Restricted Payment:
(1)
no Default or Event of Default has occurred and is continuing or would occur as a consequence of such Restricted Payment; and
(2)
the Parent's Consolidated Interest Coverage Ratio for the most recently ended four full fiscal quarters for which internal financial statements are available at the time of such Restricted Payment is not less than 1.10 to 1.00.
(b)            The preceding paragraph (a) will not prohibit:
(i)            the payment of any dividend or distribution or the consummation of any irrevocable redemption within sixty (60) days after the date of declaration of the dividend or distribution or giving of the redemption notice, as the case may be, if at the date of declaration or notice, the dividend, distribution or redemption payment would have complied with the provisions of this Agreement;
(ii)            the repurchase, redemption, defeasance or other acquisition or retirement for value of Indebtedness of the Borrower or any Borrower Subsidiary Guarantor that is contractually subordinated to the Loan Document Obligations with the net cash proceeds from a substantially concurrent Incurrence of Permitted Refinancing Indebtedness;
(iii)            the payment of any dividend (or, in the case of any partnership or limited liability company, any similar distribution) by a Subsidiary that is not a wholly owned Subsidiary of the Parent to the holders of minority interests in its Equity Interests on a pro rata basis or on a basis more favorable to the Parent or its Subsidiaries;
(iv)            cash payments in lieu of the issuance of fractional shares, or payments to dissenting stockholders (x) pursuant to applicable law or (y) in connection with the settlement or other satisfaction of legal claims made pursuant to or in connection with a consolidation, merger or transfer of assets in connection with a transaction that is not prohibited by this Agreement;
(v)            so long as no Event of Default has occurred and is continuing, the repurchase, redemption or other acquisition or retirement for value of any Equity Interests of the Parent held by any current or former officer, director or employee of the Parent pursuant to any equity subscription agreement, employee stock ownership plan or similar trust, shareholders' agreement or similar agreement; provided that the aggregate price paid for all such repurchased, redeemed, acquired or retired Equity Interests may not exceed $1,000,000 in any calendar year (with any portion of such $1,000,000 amount that is unused in any calendar year to be carried forward to successive calendar years and added to such amount); and
(vi)            the purchase, redemption or other acquisition or retirement for value of Equity Interests deemed to occur upon the exercise or conversion of stock options, warrants, rights to acquire Equity Interests or other convertible securities, to the extent
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such Equity Interests represent a portion of the exercise or conversion price thereof or the purchase, redemption or other acquisition or retirement for value of Equity Interests of the Parent held by any current or former officers, directors or employees of the Parent in connection with the exercise or vesting of any equity compensation (including, without limitation, stock options, restricted stock and phantom stock) in order to satisfy any tax withholding obligation with respect to such exercise or vesting.
SECTION 5.07. No Liquidation, Merger or Consolidation . None of the Parent Guarantors shall (a) liquidate, windup or dissolve or (b) combine, merge or consolidate with or into any other Person, unless (i) the transferee or surviving Person assumes all of its obligations hereunder and under the other applicable Loan Documents by operation of law or otherwise and (ii) no Default or Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing before or after giving effect to such liquidation, windup or dissolution, combination, merger or consolidation.
SECTION 5.08 No Restrictions on Vessel Purchase, Capital Contribution, Etc . Nothing in this Agreement or the other Loan Documents restricts or shall be construed to restrict the ability of (i) the Parent or any of its Subsidiaries that are not Borrowers or Borrower Subsidiary Guarantors to (A) acquire vessels (which may be financed), (B) incur any Indebtedness (whether secured or unsecured and including by way of a guarantee) and (C) receive dividends or other distributions on account of the Equity Interests owned by it so long as, in the case of any such dividends or other distributions made by any Borrower or Borrower Subsidiary Guarantor, such dividends or other distributions are permitted by, and made in accordance with, the Loan Documents and (ii) the Parent or any of its Subsidiaries (that are not Borrowers or Borrower Subsidiary Guarantors) to make capital contributions, directly or indirectly, to the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries so long as any such capital contributions are made in accordance with the Loan Documents.
SECTION 5.09 Compliance with Sanctions . Each Borrower and Borrower Subsidiary Guarantor covenants with the Security Trustee that each payment that such Borrower or Borrower Subsidiary Guarantor makes in accordance with the Guarantee Agreement or any other Loan Document shall comply with Sanctions.
SECTION 5.10 Amendments and Notices in respect of Collateral Vessel Contracts.
(a)            Each Borrower and Borrower Subsidiary Guarantor covenants to provide the Security Trustee prompt notice of any amendment to any Collateral Vessel Contract proposed by Yamal Trade PTE. LTD., Gazprom Marketing and Trading Singapore PTE. LTD., Gazprom Global LNG Limited or any of their respective Affiliates.
(b)            Each Borrower and Borrower Subsidiary Guarantor covenants that it will not propose or agree to any amendment to any Collateral Vessel Contract which could reasonably be expected to cause Security Trustee to be in breach of any Sanctions.
(c)            Each Borrower Subsidiary Guarantor covenants that it will not agree to any amendment or modification of any Collateral Vessel Contract other than immaterial amendments or modifications permitted pursuant to Section 7.28 of the Credit Agreement;
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provided that any amendment or modification that could reasonably be expected to cause the Security Trustee to be in breach of any Sanctions shall be deemed to be a material amendment or modification.
(d)            Each Borrower and Borrower Subsidiary Guarantor covenants that it will (i) furnish the Administrative Agent with copies of any notices received by it from Yamal Trade PTE. LTD. or any of its Affiliates or joint venture partners relating to the exercise of the purchase option under Section 70.7 of the Lena River Yamal Charter or the Yenisei River Yamal Charter, as applicable, promptly upon receipt by such Borrower or Borrower Subsidiary Guarantor of any such notice and (ii) provide to the Administrative Agent prompt written notice (and in any event no later than 5 Business Days prior to the expected date of any such payment) of any impending payment to be made in connection with an exercise of the purchase option set forth in Section 70.7 of the Lena River Yamal Charter or the Yenisei River Yamal Charter, as applicable.
ARTICLE VI

Miscellaneous

SECTION 6.01. Notices . All communications and notices hereunder shall (except as otherwise expressly permitted herein) be in writing and given in the manner provided in Section 10.03 of the Credit Agreement (and, in the case of any parties hereto that are not parties to the Credit Agreement, in the manner provided by the relevant "Notices" section of the applicable Pari Passu Document). All communications and notices hereunder to any Guarantor shall be given to it in care of the Borrower in the manner provided in Section 10.03 of the Credit Agreement.
SECTION 6.02. Waivers; Amendment . (a) No failure or delay by the Administrative Agent, the Collateral Agent, any Lender, or any holder of other Pari Passu Obligations in exercising any right or power hereunder or under any other Pari Passu Document shall operate as a waiver thereof, nor shall any single or partial exercise of any such right or power, or any abandonment or discontinuance of steps to enforce such a right or power, preclude any other or further exercise thereof or the exercise of any other right or power. The rights and remedies of the Administrative Agent, the Collateral Agent, the Lenders and the holders of other Pari Passu Obligations hereunder and under the other Pari Passu Documents are cumulative and are not exclusive of any rights or remedies that they would otherwise have. No waiver of any provision of this Agreement or consent to any departure by any Loan Party therefrom shall in any event be effective unless the same shall be permitted by paragraph (b) of this Section, and then such waiver or consent shall be effective only in the specific instance and for the purpose for which given. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the execution and delivery of this Agreement or the extension of credit under any Pari Passu Document shall not be construed as a waiver of any Default, regardless of whether the Administrative Agent, the Collateral Agent, any Lender or the holders of other Pari Passu Obligations may have had notice or knowledge of such Default at the time. No notice or demand on any Loan Party in any case shall entitle any Loan Party to any other or further notice or demand in similar or other circumstances.
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(b)            Neither this Agreement nor any provision hereof may be waived, amended or modified except pursuant to an agreement or agreements in writing entered into by the Administrative Agent, the Collateral Agent and the Loan Party or Loan Parties with respect to which such waiver, amendment or modification is to apply, subject to any consent required in accordance with Section 10.12 of the Credit Agreement (and, as applicable, any similar section in any other Pari Passu Document); provided that the Administrative Agent and the Collateral Agent may, without the consent of any other Secured Party, consent to a departure by any Loan Party from any covenant of such Loan Party set forth herein to the extent such departure is consistent with the authority of the Administrative Agent or the Collateral Agent set forth in the Credit Agreement.
(c)            This Agreement shall be construed as a separate agreement with respect to each Loan Party and may be amended, modified, supplemented, waived or released with respect to any Loan Party without the approval of any other Loan Party and without affecting the obligations of any other Loan Party hereunder.
SECTION 6.03. Administrative Agent's and Collateral Agent's Fees and Expenses; Indemnification . (a) The Guarantors jointly and severally agree to reimburse the Administrative Agent and the Collateral Agent for their fees and expenses incurred hereunder as provided in Section 10.01 of the Credit Agreement and in any comparable provision of any other Pari Passu Document; provided that each reference therein to the "Borrower" or the "Borrowers" (and any other comparable term) shall be deemed to be a reference to the "Guarantors".
(b)            The Guarantors jointly and severally agree to indemnify the Administrative Agent, the Collateral Agent and the other Indemnified Parties as provided in Section 10.01 of the Credit Agreement and in any comparable provision of any other Pari Passu Document; provided that each reference therein to the "Borrower" or "Borrowers" (and any other comparable term) shall be deemed to be a reference to the "Guarantors".
(c)            Any such amounts payable as provided hereunder shall be additional Pari Passu Obligations secured by the Collateral Agreements. The provisions of this Section shall survive and remain in full force and effect regardless of the termination of this Agreement or any other Pari Passu Document, the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby or thereby, the repayment of any of the Pari Passu Obligations, the invalidity or unenforceability of any term or provision of this Agreement or any other Pari Passu Document or any investigation made by or on behalf of the Administrative Agent, the Collateral Agent or any other Secured Party.
(d)            All amounts due under this Section shall be payable promptly after written demand therefore.
SECTION 6.04. Survival . All covenants, agreements, representations and warranties made by the Loan Parties in the Pari Passu Documents and in the certificates or other instruments delivered in connection with or pursuant to this Agreement or any other Pari Passu Document shall be considered to have been relied upon by the Administrative Agent, the Collateral Agent, the Lenders and the holders of other Pari Passu Obligations and shall survive the execution and delivery of the Pari Passu Documents and the extensions of credit under the
23

Pari Passu Documents, regardless of any investigation made by or on behalf of the Administrative Agent, the Collateral Agent, any Lender, any holder of other Pari Passu Obligations or any other Person and notwithstanding that the Administrative Agent, the Collateral Agent, any Lender, any holder of other Pari Passu Obligations or any other Person may have had notice or knowledge of any Default or incorrect representation or warranty at the time any Pari Passu Document is executed and delivered or any credit is extended under any Pari Passu Document, and shall continue in full force and effect as long as the principal of or any accrued interest on any Loan or other form of credit issued under a Pari Passu Document or any fee or any other amount payable under any Pari Passu Document is outstanding and so long as the Commitments have not expired or terminated.
SECTION 6.05. Counterparts; Effectiveness, Successors and Assigns . This Agreement may be executed in counterparts (and by different parties hereto on different counterparts), each of which shall constitute an original but all of which when taken together shall constitute a single contract. This Agreement shall become effective as to any Loan Party when a counterpart hereof executed on behalf of such Loan Party shall have been delivered to the Administrative Agent and a counterpart hereof shall have been executed on behalf of the Administrative Agent and the Collateral Agent and thereafter shall be binding upon such Loan Party, the Administrative Agent, the Collateral Agent and each of their respective successors and assigns, and shall inure to the benefit of such Loan Party, the Administrative Agent, the Collateral Agent and the other Secured Parties and each of their respective successors and assigns, except that no Loan Party may assign or otherwise transfer any of its rights or obligations hereunder or any interest herein or in the Collateral (and any attempted assignment or transfer by any Loan Party shall be null and void), except as expressly contemplated by this Agreement, the Credit Agreement and any other Pari Passu Document. Delivery of an executed counterpart of a signature page of this Agreement by facsimile or other electronic imaging shall be effective as delivery of a manually executed counterpart of this Agreement.
SECTION 6.06. Severability . Any provision of this Agreement held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable in any jurisdiction shall, as to such jurisdiction, be ineffective to the extent of such invalidity, illegality or unenforceability without affecting the validity, legality and enforceability of the remaining provisions hereof; and the invalidity of a particular provision in a particular jurisdiction shall not invalidate such provision in any other jurisdiction.
SECTION 6.07. Right of Set-Off . In addition to any rights now or hereafter granted under applicable law or otherwise, and not by way of limitation of any such rights, upon the occurrence and during the continuance of an Event of Default, each Agent, each Lender, each holder of other Pari Passu Obligations and each Affiliate of any of the foregoing, is hereby authorized at any time and from time to time, to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law and without presentment, demand, protest or other notice of any kind to any Loan Party or to any other Person, any such notice being hereby expressly waived, to set off and apply any and all deposits (general or special) or other amounts at any time held and other obligations (in whatever currency) at any time owing by such Lender, holder of other Pari Passu Obligations or by such an Affiliate (including, without limitation, by branches and agencies of any of the foregoing wherever located), to or for the credit or the account of any Loan Party against any of and all the obligations then due of such Loan Party now or hereafter existing under this Agreement held by such Lender or holder of other Pari Passu Obligations, irrespective of whether or not such Lender
24

or such holder shall have made any demand under this Agreement or any other Pari Passu Document and although Pari Passu Obligations, liabilities or claims, or any of them, shall be contingent or unmatured. The rights of each Lender, holder of Pari Passu Obligations and each Affiliate of any of the foregoing, under this Section are in addition to other rights and remedies (including other rights of setoff) that such Lender, holder of Pari Passu Obligations or such Affiliate may have.
SECTION 6.08. Governing Law; Jurisdiction; Consent to Service of Process.
(a)            THIS AGREEMENT AND ANY CLAIMS, CONTROVERSY, DISPUTE OR CAUSE OF ACTION, AND THE RIGHTS AND OBLIGATIONS OF THE PARTIES HEREUNDER SHALL BE CONSTRUED IN ACCORDANCE WITH AND BE GOVERNED BY THE LAW OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK. ANY LEGAL ACTION OR PROCEEDING WITH RESPECT TO THIS AGREEMENT SHALL BE BROUGHT IN THE COURTS OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK OR OF THE UNITED STATES FOR THE SOUTHERN DISTRICT OF NEW YORK, IN EACH CASE WHICH ARE LOCATED IN THE COUNTY OF NEW YORK, AND, BY EXECUTION AND DELIVERY OF THIS AGREEMENT, EACH PARTY HEREUNDER HEREBY IRREVOCABLY ACCEPTS FOR ITSELF AND IN RESPECT OF ITS PROPERTY, GENERALLY AND UNCONDITIONALLY, THE EXCLUSIVE JURISDICTION OF THE AFORESAID COURTS, EXCEPT AS SET FORTH IN THE LAST SENTENCE OF THIS CLAUSE (a). EACH OF THE PARTIES HEREUNDER HEREBY FURTHER IRREVOCABLY WAIVES ANY CLAIM THAT ANY SUCH COURTS LACK PERSONAL JURISDICTION OVER ANY PARTY HEREUNDER, AND AGREES NOT TO PLEAD OR CLAIM, IN ANY LEGAL ACTION OR PROCEEDING WITH RESPECT TO THIS AGREEMENT BROUGHT IN ANY OF THE AFOREMENTIONED COURTS, THAT SUCH COURTS LACK PERSONAL JURISDICTION OVER ANY PARTY HEREUNDER. EACH OF THE PARTIES HEREUNDER FURTHER IRREVOCABLY CONSENTS TO THE SERVICE OF PROCESS OUT OF ANY OF THE AFOREMENTIONED COURTS IN ANY SUCH ACTION OR PROCEEDING BY THE MAILING OF COPIES THEREOF BY REGISTERED OR CERTIFIED MAIL, POSTAGE PREPAID, IN THE MANNER PROVIDED FOR NOTICES IN SECTION 6.01, SUCH SERVICE TO BECOME EFFECTIVE 30 DAYS AFTER SUCH DELIVERY. EACH OF THE PARTIES HEREUNDER HEREBY IRREVOCABLY WAIVES ANY OBJECTION TO SUCH SERVICE OF PROCESS AND FURTHER IRREVOCABLY WAIVES AND AGREES NOT TO PLEAD OR CLAIM IN ANY ACTION OR PROCEEDING COMMENCED HEREUNDER THAT SERVICE OF PROCESS WAS IN ANY WAY INVALID OR INEFFECTIVE. NOTHING HEREIN SHALL AFFECT THE RIGHT OF THE ADMINISTRATIVE AGENT, THE COLLATERAL AGENT, ANY LENDER OR THE HOLDERS OF OTHER PARI PASSU OBLIGATIONS OR ANY NOTE TO SERVE PROCESS IN ANY OTHER MANNER PERMITTED BY LAW OR TO COMMENCE LEGAL PROCEEDINGS OR OTHERWISE PROCEED AGAINST ANY PARTY HEREUNDER IN ANY OTHER JURISDICTION, INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, IN CONNECTION WITH THE ENFORCEMENT OF ANY JUDGMENT.
(b)            EACH OF THE PARTIES HERETO HEREBY IRREVOCABLY WAIVES ANY OBJECTION WHICH IT MAY NOW OR HEREAFTER HAVE TO THE LAYING OF VENUE OF ANY OF THE AFORESAID ACTIONS OR PROCEEDINGS
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ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THIS AGREEMENT BROUGHT IN THE COURTS REFERRED TO IN CLAUSE (a) ABOVE AND HEREBY FURTHER IRREVOCABLY WAIVES AND AGREES NOT TO PLEAD OR CLAIM IN ANY SUCH COURT THAT ANY SUCH ACTION OR PROCEEDING BROUGHT IN ANY SUCH COURT HAS BEEN BROUGHT IN AN INCONVENIENT FORUM.
SECTION 6.09. WAIVER OF JURY TRIAL . EACH OF THE PARTIES HERETO HEREBY IRREVOCABLY WAIVES ALL RIGHT TO A TRIAL BY JURY IN ANY ACTION, PROCEEDING OR COUNTERCLAIM ARISING OUT OF OR RELATING TO THIS AGREEMENT OR THE TRANSACTIONS CONTEMPLATED HEREBY (WHETHER BASED ON CONTRACT, TORT OR ANY OTHER THEORY). EACH PARTY HERETO (A) CERTIFIES THAT NO REPRESENTATIVE, AGENT OR ATTORNEY OF ANY OTHER PARTY HAS REPRESENTED, EXPRESSLY OR OTHERWISE, THAT SUCH OTHER PARTY WOULD NOT, IN THE EVENT OF LITIGATION, SEEK TO ENFORCE THE FOREGOING WAIVER AND (B) ACKNOWLEDGES THAT IT AND THE OTHER PARTIES HERETO HAVE BEEN INDUCED TO ENTER INTO THIS AGREEMENT BY, AMONG OTHER THINGS, THE MUTUAL WAIVERS AND CERTIFICATIONS IN THIS SECTION 6.09.
SECTION 6.10. Headings . Article and Section headings and the Table of Contents used herein are for convenience of reference only, are not part of this Agreement and shall not affect the construction of, or be taken into consideration in interpreting, this Agreement.
SECTION 6.11. Termination or Release . (a) This Agreement and the guarantees made herein shall terminate when all the Pari Passu Obligations have been paid in full and the Lenders and the holders of any other Pari Passu Obligations have no further commitment to extend credit under any Pari Passu Document.
(b)            A Guarantor (other than the Parent or the Borrowers) shall be automatically released from its obligations hereunder upon the consummation of any sale or other disposition of all or substantially all of the assets of that Guarantor (including by way of merger, consolidation or amalgamation) to a Person that is not (either immediately before or after giving effect to such transactions) the Parent or another Loan Party, if the sale or other disposition does not violate the Credit Agreement or the other Pari Passu Documents and otherwise complies with the other Pari Passu Documents.
(c)            In the case of any Guarantor (other than the Parent) that is not a Borrower Group Party, such Guarantor shall be automatically released from its obligations hereunder upon the contemporaneous release or discharge of all guarantees and pledges by such Guarantor that would have required such Guarantor to become a Guarantor pursuant to the definition of "Collateral and Guarantee Requirement" in the Credit Agreement, Section 7.07 of the Credit Agreement and any other applicable requirement in the Pari Passu Documents or release by or as a result of payment in full by such Guarantor under such guarantee or pledge in compliance with the Credit Agreement and the other Pari Passu Documents.
(d)            In connection with any termination or release pursuant to paragraph (a) through (c) of this Section 6.11, the Administrative Agent and the Collateral Agent shall execute
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and deliver to any Guarantor, at such Guarantor's expense, all documents that such Guarantor shall reasonably request to evidence such termination or release. Any execution and delivery of documents pursuant to this Section 6.11 shall be without recourse to or warranty by the Administrative Agent or the Collateral Agent.
SECTION 6.12. Additional Guarantors . Pursuant to the Credit Agreement and other Pari Passu Documents, certain Subsidiaries of the Parent that are not a party hereto on the Closing Date are required to enter into this Agreement. Upon the execution and delivery by the Administrative Agent, the Collateral Agent and any such Subsidiary of a Supplement, such Subsidiary shall become a Guarantor hereunder, with the same force and effect as if originally named as such herein. The execution and delivery of any Supplement shall not require the consent of any other Loan Party. The rights and obligations of each Loan Party hereunder shall remain in full force and effect notwithstanding the addition of, or failure to add, any such Subsidiary as a party to this Agreement.
SECTION 6.13. Further Assurances . Each Guarantor agrees that from time to time, at the expense of such Guarantor, it shall promptly execute and deliver all further instruments and documents and take all further action that may be necessary or desirable, or that the Collateral Agent may reasonably request, in order to ensure that the Secured Parties receive the intended benefits hereof or to enable the Collateral Agent to exercise and enforce its rights and remedies hereunder.
SECTION 6.14. Collateral Agent Appointed Attorney-in-Fact . Each Guarantor hereby appoints the Collateral Agent the attorney-in-fact of such Guarantor for the purpose of carrying out the provisions of this Agreement and taking any action and executing any instrument that the Collateral Agent may deem necessary for the purpose of carrying out the provisions of this Agreement and taking any action and executing any instrument that the Collateral Agent may deem necessary or advisable to accomplish the purposes hereof, which appointment is irrevocable and coupled with an interest until the repayment in full of the Pari Passu Obligations. The Collateral Agent and the other Secured Parties shall be accountable only for amounts actually received as a result of the exercise of the powers granted to them herein, and neither they nor their officers, directors, employees or agents shall be responsible to any Guarantor for any act or failure to act hereunder, except for their own gross negligence or willful misconduct.
SECTION 6.15. Certain Acknowledgments and Agreements . Each Guarantor hereby acknowledges the provisions of Section 4.07 of the Credit Agreement and of any comparable provision of any other Pari Passu Document and agrees to be bound by such provisions with the same force and effect, and to the same extent, as if such Guarantor were a party to the Credit Agreement or such other Pari Passu Document.
SECTION 6.16. Joinder Agreements . If at any time holders of Pari Passu Obligations wish to become a party hereto, such holders (or their applicable representatives or agents) shall execute a Joinder Agreement and shall thereafter for all purposes be Secured Parties hereunder and have the same rights, benefits and obligations as if they had been Secured Parties on the Closing Date.
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SECTION 6.17. INTERCREDITOR AGREEMENT GOVERNS.  NOTWITHSTANDING ANYTHING HEREIN TO THE CONTRARY, IN THE EVENT THAT THE INTERCREDITOR AGREEMENT IS ENTERED INTO, THE GUARANTEES HEREUNDER, AND THE EXERCISE OF ANY RIGHT OR REMEDY BY THE ADMINISTRATIVE AGENT, THE COLLATERAL AGENT OR THE OTHER SECURED PARTIES HEREUNDER, WILL BE SUBJECT TO THE PROVISIONS OF THE INTERCREDITOR AGREEMENT, AND IN THE EVENT OF ANY CONFLICT OR INCONSISTENCY BETWEEN THE PROVISIONS OF THE INTERCREDITOR AGREEMENT AND THIS AGREEMENT, THE PROVISIONS OF THE INTERCREDITOR AGREEMENT SHALL CONTROL.
[Signature Pages Follow]
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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have duly executed this Agreement as of the day and year first above written.
   
ARCTIC LNG CARRIERS LTD.,
as the Borrower,
     
   
By:
 
     
Name:
     
Title:
     
     
   
DYNAGAS FINANCE LLC,
as Finco,
     
   
by:
 
     
Name:
     
Title:
     
     
   
DYNAGAS LNG PARTNERS LP,
as the Parent
     
   
by:
 
     
Name:
     
Title:

29


   
PARENT SUBSIDIARY GUARANTORS:
     
   
DYNAGAS OPERATING LP
     
   
by:
 
     
Name:
     
Title:
     
     
   
DYNAGAS OPERATING GP LLC
     
   
by:
 
     
Name:
     
Title:
     
     
   
DYNAGAS EQUITY HOLDING LTD.
     
   
by:
 
     
Name:
     
Title:

30


   
BORROWER SUBSIDIARY GUARANTORS:
     
   
FAREASTERN SHIPPING LIMITED
     
   
by:
 
     
Name:
     
Title:
     
   
LANCE SHIPPING S.A.
     
   
by:
 
     
Name:
     
Title:
     
   
NAVAJO MARINE LIMITED
     
   
by:
 
     
Name:
     
Title:
       
   
PEGASUS SHIPHOLDING S.A.
     
   
by:
 
     
Name:
     
Title:
     
   
SEACROWN MARITIME LTD.
     
   
by:
 
     
Name:
     
Title:
     
   
SOLANA HOLDING LTD.
     
   
by:
 
     
Name:
     
Title:



31


   
CREDIT SUISSE AG, Cayman Islands Branch
as Administrative Agent and Collateral Agent
     
   
by:
 
     
Name:
     
Title:
     
32


Exhibit I to the
Guarantee Agreement

SUPPLEMENT NO. __ dated as of [ ] (this " Supplement "), to the Guarantee Agreement dated as of May 18, 2017 (the " Guarantee Agreement "), among Dynagas LNG Partners LP, a publicly traded Marshall Islands limited partnership (" Parent "), Arctic LNG Carriers LTD., a Marshall Islands corporation (the " Borrower "), Dynagas Finance LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (" Finco "), each other Guarantor from time to time party thereto and Credit Suisse AG (" Credit Suisse " ), as Administrative Agent and Collateral Agent.
A.            Reference is made to that certain Credit Agreement dated as of May 18, 2017 (as amended, amended and restated, supplemented or otherwise modified and in effect from time to time, the " Credit Agreement "), among the Parent, the Borrower, Finco, the lenders party thereto and Credit Suisse, as Administrative Agent and Collateral Agent, which provides for the incurrence of the Loans and permits the Borrowers to incur other Pari Passu Obligations subject to certain terms and conditions (the trustee or agent of which shall, upon the execution of a Joinder Agreement, become party thereto on behalf of the holders or lenders of such other Pari Passu Obligations).
B.            Capitalized terms used herein and not otherwise defined herein shall have the meanings assigned to such terms in the Credit Agreement and the Guarantee Agreement, as applicable.
C.            The Guarantors have entered into the Guarantee Agreement in order to induce the Lenders to make the Loans. Section 6.12 of the Guarantee Agreement provides that additional Subsidiaries of the [Parent][Borrower] may become Guarantors under the Guarantee Agreement by execution and delivery of an instrument in the form of this Supplement. The undersigned Subsidiary (the " New Subsidiary ") is executing this Supplement in accordance with the requirements of the Credit Agreement or such other applicable Pari Passu Document to become a Guarantor under the Guarantee Agreement in order to induce the holders of Pari Passu Obligations to extend additional credit and as consideration for credit previously extended.
Accordingly, the Administrative Agent, the Collateral Agent and the New Subsidiary agree as follows:
SECTION 1. In accordance with Section 6.12 of the Guarantee Agreement, the New Subsidiary by its signature below becomes a Guarantor under the Guarantee Agreement with the same force and effect as if originally named therein as a Guarantor and the New Subsidiary hereby agrees to all the terms and provisions of the Guarantee Agreement applicable to it as a Guarantor thereunder. Each reference to a "Guarantor" in the Guarantee Agreement shall be deemed to include the New Subsidiary. The Guarantee Agreement is hereby incorporated herein by reference.
SECTION 2. The New Subsidiary represents and warrants to the Administrative Agent, the Collateral Agent and the other Secured Parties that (a) this Supplement has been duly authorized, executed and delivered by it and constitutes its legal, valid and binding obligation, enforceable against it in accordance with its terms (b) as to itself, that the representations and
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warranties in Sections 4.01, 4.02, 4.03, 4.04, 4.05(a), 4.07 (if applicable), 4.08 (provided that, for purposes of this Section 4.08, Schedule 6.11 of the Credit Agreement shall be deemed to be supplemented with respect to such New Subsidiary with the information on Schedule I to this Supplement) 4.09, 4.10, 4.11 (provided that, for purposes of this Section 4.11, Schedule 6.15 of the Credit Agreement shall be deemed to be supplemented with respect to such New Subsidiary with the information on Schedule I to this Supplement), 4.12, 4.13, 4.14, 4.15, 4.16 (if applicable) and 4.17 are true and correct as of the date of this Supplement (with all references to "Closing Date" in such Sections instead being deemed to refer to the date of this Supplement).
SECTION 3. This Supplement may be executed in counterparts (and by different parties hereto on different counterparts), each of which shall constitute an original, but all of which when taken together shall constitute a single contract. This Supplement shall become effective when the Administrative Agent shall have received a counterpart of this Supplement that bears the signature of the New Subsidiary, the Collateral Agent and the Administrative Agent and the Collateral Agent have executed a counterpart hereof. Delivery of an executed signature page to this Supplement by facsimile or electronic transmission shall be effective as delivery of a manually signed counterpart of this Supplement.
SECTION 4. Except as expressly supplemented hereby, the Guarantee Agreement shall remain in full force and effect.
SECTION 5. THIS SUPPLEMENT SHALL BE GOVERNED BY, AND CONSTRUED IN ACCORDANCE WITH, THE LAWS OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK.
SECTION 6. Any provision of this Supplement held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable in any jurisdiction shall, as to such jurisdiction, be ineffective to the extent of such invalidity, illegality or unenforceability without affecting the validity, legality and enforceability of the remaining provisions hereof; and the invalidity of a particular provision in a particular jurisdiction shall not invalidate such provision in any other jurisdiction.
SECTION 7. All communications and notices hereunder shall be in writing and given as provided in Section 6.01 of the Guarantee Agreement.
SECTION 8. The New Subsidiary agrees to reimburse the Administrative Agent and the Collateral Agent for their reasonable out-of-pocket expenses in connection with this Supplement, including the reasonable fees, other charges and disbursements of counsel for the Administrative Agent and the Collateral Agent.
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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the New Subsidiary, the Administrative Agent and the Collateral Agent have duly executed this Supplement to the Guarantee Agreement as of the day and year first above written.
   
[NAME OF NEW SUBSIDIARY], by
     
   
by:
 
     
Name:
     
Title:
       
     
Legal Name:
     
Jurisdiction of Formation:
     
Location of Chief Executive office:
     
     
   
CREDIT SUISSE AG, Cayman Islands Branch
as Administrative Agent and Collateral Agent
     
   
by:
 
     
Name:
     
Title:
     
35


Schedule I to Supplement
[to be updated]
36


Exhibit II to the
Guarantee Agreement

JOINDER AGREEMENT dated as of [ · ], 20[ · ] (this " Joinder Agreement ") is delivered pursuant to that certain GUARANTEE AGREEMENT dated as of May 18, 2017 (as amended, amended and restated, supplemented or otherwise modified and in effect from time to time, the " Guarantee "), among Dynagas LNG Partners LP, a publicly traded Marshall Islands limited partnership, Arctic LNG Carriers LTD., a Marshall Islands corporation, Dynagas Finance LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, the other Loan Parties from time to time party thereto and Credit Suisse AG, Cayman Islands Branch, as Administrative Agent and Collateral Agent. Capitalized terms used herein but not otherwise defined herein shall have the meanings assigned to such terms in the Guarantee.
WHEREAS, Section 6.16 of the Guarantee provides that holders of Pari Passu Obligations may, by execution of a joinder agreement in the form of this Joinder Agreement, become parties to the Guarantee and, thereafter, for all purposes be Secured Parties under the Guarantee and have the same rights, benefits and obligations as if they had been Secured Parties on the Closing Date.
WHEREAS, [ insert parties to new Pari Passu Obligations agreement ] have entered into that certain [ insert title of the new Pari Passu Obligations agreement ] dated as of [ · ], 20[ · ] (as it may be amended, amended and restated, replaced, refinanced, supplemented or otherwise modified and in effect from time to time, the " New Pari Passu Obligations Agreement ").
WHEREAS, in accordance with the foregoing, by execution and delivery hereof by [ insert the name of the agent for the secured parties under the New Pari Passu Obligations Agreement ] (the " New Pari Passu Obligations Agent "), for itself and as agent for the other [[Secured Parties][ insert appropriate defined term ]] under and as defined in the New Pari Passu Obligations Agreement (the New Pari Passu Obligations Agent, together with such [[Secured Parties][ insert appropriate defined term ]], the " New Pari Passu Obligations Secured Parties "), the New Pari Passu Obligations Secured Parties shall become bound by the terms of the Guarantee in the same capacity and to the same extent as the Secured Parties (as such term is defined in the Guarantee) immediately prior to giving effect to this Joinder Agreement.
NOW THEREFORE, in consideration of the premises, and for other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which are hereby acknowledged, the undersigned hereby agree as follows:
SECTION 1.
(a)            Pursuant to Section 6.16 of the Guarantee, the New Pari Passu Obligations Agent hereby binds itself and each of the other New Pari Passu Obligations Secured Parties to the terms of the Guarantee. The Guarantee is hereby incorporated by reference. This Joinder Agreement shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of the parties hereto and their respective successors and assigns.
37

(b)            The New Pari Passu Obligations Agent, the Borrowers and the Collateral Agent, by their execution of this Joinder Agreement, hereby certify, acknowledge, agree and confirm that, effective as of the date first written above:
(a)            the New Pari Passu Obligations Secured Parties shall be "Secured Parties" for all purposes of the Guarantee from and after the date hereof;
(b)            the New Pari Passu Obligations Agreement, together with the [[Loan Documents] [ insert appropriate defined term ]] as defined in the New Pari Passu Obligations Agreement, shall be "Pari Passu Documents" for all purposes of the Guarantee from and after the date hereof; and
(c)            the [[Obligations][ insert appropriate defined term ]] under and as defined in the New Pari Passu Obligations Agreement shall be "Pari Passu Obligations" for all purposes of the Guarantee from and after the date hereof.
SECTION 2.
(a)            The New Pari Passu Obligations Agent hereby represents and warrants to the Borrowers and the Collateral Agent that (i) it is duly organized, validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the jurisdiction of its organization and has all requisite power and authority to enter into and perform its obligations under this Joinder Agreement, (ii) this Joinder Agreement has been duly executed and delivered by it and constitutes a legal, valid and binding obligation of it, enforceable in accordance with its terms and (iii) it is authorized under the New Pari Passu Obligations Agreement to enter into this Joinder Agreement.
(b)            Each Loan Party hereby represents and warrants to the Collateral Agent and the New Pari Passu Obligations Agent that (i) it is duly organized, validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the jurisdiction of its organization and has all requisite power and authority to enter into and perform its obligations under this Joinder Agreement, (ii) this Joinder Agreement has been duly executed and delivered by it and constitutes a legal, valid and binding obligation of it, enforceable in accordance with its terms and (iii) the execution, delivery and performance by it of this Joinder Agreement (A) do not require any consent or approval of, registration or filing with or any other action by any governmental authority and (B) will not violate any applicable law or regulation or its charter, by-laws or other organizational documents or any order of any governmental authority or any indenture, agreement or other instrument binding upon it.
SECTION 3. The New Pari Passu Obligations Agent, on behalf of itself and the other New Pari Passu Obligations Secured Parties, hereby appoints Credit Suisse AG, Cayman Islands Branch to act as Collateral Agent on behalf of the New Pari Passu Obligations Secured Parties under the Guarantee. [Each party hereto hereby agrees that the Collateral Agent shall be entitled to all of the rights and indemnities granted to it under the Intercreditor Agreement.]
SECTION 4. This Joinder Agreement shall become effective when it shall have been duly executed by the New Pari Passu Obligations Agent and each Borrower and acknowledged by the Collateral Agent. This Joinder Agreement may be executed in counterparts, each of which shall constitute an original, but all of which when taken together
38

shall constitute a single contract. Delivery of an executed signature page to this Joinder Agreement by facsimile transmission or other electronic method shall be effective as delivery of a manually signed counterpart of this Joinder Agreement.
SECTION 5. Except as expressly modified hereby, the Guarantee shall remain in full force and effect.
SECTION 6. THIS JOINDER AGREEMENT AND THE RIGHTS AND OBLIGATIONS OF THE PARTIES HEREUNDER SHALL BE CONSTRUED IN ACCORDANCE WITH AND BE GOVERNED BY THE LAWS OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK.
[Signature Pages Follow]
39


IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have duly executed this Joinder Agreement as of the day and year first above written.
 
 
[                                                       ],
as New Pari Passu Obligations Agent
 
 
 
 
 
By:
 
 
 
 
Name:
 
 
 
Title:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ARCTIC LNG CARRIERS LTD.,
as the Borrower,
 
 
 
 
 
by:
 
 
 
 
Name:
 
 
 
Title:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
DYNAGAS FINANCE LLC,
as Finco,
 
 
 
 
 
by:
 
 
 
 
Name:
 
 
 
Title:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
DYNAGAS LNG PARTNERS LP,
as the Parent,
 
 
 
 
 
by:
 
 
 
 
Name:
 
 
 
Title:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

40


   
PARENT SUBSIDIARY GUARANTORS:
     
   
DYNAGAS OPERATING LP
     
   
by:
 
     
Name:
     
Title:
     
     
   
DYNAGAS OPERATING GP LLC
     
   
by:
 
     
Name:
     
Title:
     
     
   
DYNAGAS EQUITY HOLDING LTD.
     
   
by:
 
     
Name:
     
Title:

41


   
BORROWER SUBSIDIARY GUARANTORS:
     
   
FAREASTERN SHIPPING LIMITED
     
   
by:
 
     
Name:
     
Title:
     
   
LANCE SHIPPING S.A.
     
   
by:
 
     
Name:
     
Title:
     
   
NAVAJO MARINE LIMITED
     
   
by:
 
     
Name:
     
Title:
       
   
PEGASUS SHIPHOLDING S.A.
     
   
by:
 
     
Name:
     
Title:
     
   
SEACROWN MARITIME LTD.
     
   
by:
 
     
Name:
     
Title:
     
   
SOLANA HOLDING LTD.
     
   
by:
 
     
Name:
     
Title:

42


Acknowledged and Agreed by:
   
     
CREDIT SUISSE AG, Cayman Islands Branch
as Collateral Agent
   
     
By:
       
 
Name:
     
 
Title:
     
     
     



43

EXHIBIT C

Intentionally Omitted

EXHIBIT D

Form of Insurance Assignment

See Attached


EXECUTION VERSION
 
 
 
 
 
[FORM OF] ASSIGNMENT OF INSURANCES
 
 
given by
 
 
[ASSIGNOR],
as Assignor
 
 
in favor of
 
 
CREDIT SUISSE AG, CAYMAN ISLANDS BRANCH
as Collateral Agent,
as Assignee
 
 
 
 
 
May 18, 2017
 
[VESSEL]

D-1

ASSIGNMENT OF INSURANCES
[VESSEL]
THIS ASSIGNMENT OF INSURANCES (this " Assignment "), dated as of [ DATE ], is made by [ASSIGNOR], a [TYPE OF ORGANIZATION] organized and existing under the laws of [JURISDICTION], with its registered offices at [ADDRESS] (the " Assignor "), in favor of CREDIT SUISSE AG, CAYMAN ISLANDS BRANCH, as Collateral Agent (together with its successors and assigns, in such capacity, the " Assignee "), for and on behalf of the Secured Parties.
W I T N E S S E T H  T H A T :
WHEREAS:
(A)            [OWNER] is the sole owner of the whole of the [JURISDICTION] registered vessel [NAME] (the " Vessel "), Official No. [NUMBER][, and [ASSIGNOR] is [the direct] [an indirect] [parent company] [subsidiary] of [OWNER] and holds rights to Insurances (as defined below) in respect of the Vessel];
(B)            Reference is made to that certain Credit Agreement dated as of May 18, 2017 (as amended, amended and restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time, the " Credit Agreement ") among, inter alios , Arctic LNG Carriers LTD., a Marshall Islands corporation (the " Borrower "), Dynagas Finance LLC, a Delaware limited liability company and a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Borrower (" Finco " and, together with the Borrower, the " Borrowers "), the Borrower Subsidiary Guarantors party thereto from time to time, the Lenders party thereto from time to time, and Credit Suisse AG, Cayman Islands Branch as Administrative Agent and Collateral Agent, which provides for the incurrence of the Loans and permits the Borrowers to incur other Pari Passu Obligations subject to certain terms and conditions (the trustee or agent of which shall, upon the execution of a Joinder Agreement, become a party hereto on behalf of the holders or lenders of such other Pari Passu Obligations);
(C)            Pursuant to the Pari Passu Documents, the Assignor has, jointly and severally with certain other Borrower Subsidiary Guarantors, guaranteed the punctual payment, performance and observance when due of the obligations of the Borrowers under and in connection with the Pari Passu Obligations, including, but not limited to, the Borrowers' obligation to pay the principal of, and premium and interest on, the Loans, as provided in the Credit Agreement and the other Pari Passu Obligations as provided in the other Pari Passu Documents and has agreed to execute an insurances assignment in favor of the Assignee as security for the payment or performance, as the case may be, of the Pari Passu Obligations;
(D)            As a condition precedent to the making of the Loans by the Lenders, each Guarantor has executed and delivered that certain Guarantee Agreement dated May [ · ], 2017 among the Borrowers, the Guarantors party thereto and the Assignee (as amended, amended and restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time, the " Guarantee Agreement "); and
D-2

(E)            The Assignor is [a [direct] wholly-owned subsidiary] [the direct parent][of the Borrower, will derive substantial direct and indirect benefits from the transactions contemplated by the Pari Passu Documents, as applicable, and is willing to execute and deliver this Assignment in accordance with the terms of the Pari Passu Documents, as applicable.
NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the premises and other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and adequacy of which is hereby acknowledged by the Assignor, the Assignor hereby agrees as follows:
SECTION 1. Defined Terms . Except as otherwise defined herein, terms defined in the Credit Agreement or the Guarantee Agreement shall have the same meanings when used herein.
SECTION 2. Grant of Security . As security for the payment and performance of the Pari Passu Obligations, the Assignor, as legal and beneficial owner, does hereby assign, transfer and set over unto the Assignee, for the benefit of the Secured Parties, and does hereby grant the Assignee a security interest in, all of the Assignor's right, title and interest in, to and under all policies and contracts of insurance required of the Assignor in the Credit Agreement, including the Assignor's rights under all entries in any Protection and Indemnity or War Risks Association or Club, which are from time to time taken out by or for the Assignor in respect of the Vessel, her hull, machinery, freights, disbursements, profits or otherwise, and all the benefits thereof including, without limitation, all claims of whatsoever nature, as well as return premiums (all of which are herein collectively called the " Insurances "), and in and to all moneys, claims for moneys and all other sums whatsoever due or to become due in connection therewith and all other rights of the Assignor under or in respect of said Insurances and all proceeds of all of the foregoing.
SECTION 3. Loss Payable Clauses . The Assignor shall ensure that: (1) all Insurances, except entries in Protection and Indemnity Associations or Clubs or insurances effected in lieu of such entries, relating to the Vessel shall contain a loss payable and notice of cancellation clause in substantially the form annexed hereto as Exhibit 1.
(2) All entries in Protection and Indemnity Associations or Clubs or insurances effected in lieu of such entries relating to the Vessel shall contain a loss payable and notice of cancellation clause in substantially the form annexed hereto as Exhibit 2.
SECTION 4. Covenants and Undertakings; Notices . The Assignor hereby covenants with the Assignee that: (1) It shall do or permit to be done each and every act or thing which (as reasonably determined by the Assignee) is necessary for the purpose of enforcing the Assignee's rights under this Assignment and shall allow its name to be used as and when required by the Assignee for that purpose; and
(2) It shall forthwith give notice in the form annexed hereto as Exhibit 3, or cause its insurance brokers to give notice, of this Assignment to all insurers, underwriters, clubs and associations providing insurance in connection with the Vessel and her earnings and ensure that such notice is endorsed on all the policies and entries of insurances in respect of the Vessel and her earnings.
D-3


SECTION 5. Concerning the Assignee .
5.1            The provisions of Section 9 of the Credit Agreement are incorporated herein by reference as if fully restated herein and shall inure to the benefit of the Assignee in respect of this Assignment and shall be binding upon the parties to the Pari Passu Documents in such respect.
5.2            The Assignee is authorized to take all such action as is provided to be taken by it as Assignee hereunder and under any other Collateral Agreement and all other action incidental thereto.
5.3            The Assignee shall not be responsible for the existence, genuineness or value of any of the property hereby assigned or for the validity, perfection, continuation, priority or enforceability of the lien of this Assignment on any of the property hereby assigned, including without limitation the filing, form, content or renewal of UCC financing statements, this Assignment or similar documents or instruments, whether impaired by operation of law or by reason of any action or omission to act on its part hereunder. The Assignee shall have no duty to ascertain or inquire as to the performance or observance of any of the terms of this Assignment by the Assignor.
5.4            The Assignee will be entitled to rely on information from (A) its own records for information as to the holders of the Pari Passu Obligations, their holdings in the Pari Passu Obligations and actions taken by them, (B) any holder of Pari Passu Obligations for information as to its holdings in the Pari Passu Obligations and actions taken by it, to the extent that the Assignee has not obtained such information from the foregoing sources, and (C) Assignor, to the extent that the Assignee has not obtained information from the foregoing sources.
5.5            With prior written notice to the Assignor, to the extent practicable, any time or times, in order to comply with any legal requirement, the Assignee may appoint another bank or trust company or one or more other Persons, either to act as co-agent or co agents, jointly with the Assignee, or to act as separate agent or agents on behalf of the Secured Parties with such power and authority as may be necessary for the effectual operation of the provisions hereof and may be specified in the instrument of appointment (which may, in the discretion of the Assignee, include provisions for the protection of such co-agent or separate agent similar to the provisions of this Section 5).
SECTION 6. No Duty of Inquiry . The Assignee shall not be obliged to make any inquiry as to the nature or sufficiency of any payment received by it hereunder or to make any claim or take any other action to collect any moneys or to enforce any rights and benefits hereby assigned to the Assignee or to which the Assignee may at any time be entitled hereunder except such reasonable action as may be requested by any lender, underwriter, association or club. The Assignor shall remain liable to perform all of its obligations in relation to the property hereby assigned and the Assignee shall be under no obligation of any kind whatsoever in respect thereof or be under any liability whatsoever (including, without limitation, any obligation or liability with respect to the payment of premiums, calls, assessments or any other sums at any
D-4

time due and owing in respect of the Insurances) in the event of any failure by the Assignor to perform such obligations.
SECTION 7. Requisition . The Assignor shall promptly notify the Assignee in writing of the commencement and termination of any period during which the Vessel may be requisitioned.
SECTION 8. Employment of Vessel . The Assignor hereby further covenants and undertakes to furnish promptly to the Assignee all such information as it may from time to time reasonably request regarding the employment, position and engagements of the Vessel.
SECTION 9. Negative Pledge . The Assignor does hereby warrant and represent that it has not transferred, assigned, pledged or otherwise disposed of, and hereby covenants that it shall not transfer, assign, pledge or otherwise dispose of, so long as this Assignment shall remain in effect, any of its right, title or interest in whole or in part to the moneys and claims hereby assigned to anyone other than the Assignee, and it shall not take or omit to take any action, the taking or omission of which might result in an alteration or impairment of the rights hereby assigned or any of the rights created in this Assignment.
SECTION 10. Power of Attorney . The Assignor does hereby irrevocably appoint and constitute the Assignee as the Assignor's true and lawful attorney-in-fact with full power (in the name of the Assignor or otherwise) should an Event of Default have occurred and be continuing to ask, require, demand, receive, compound and give acquittance for any and all moneys and claims for moneys assigned hereby, to endorse any checks or other instruments or orders in connection therewith, to file any claims or take any action or institute any proceedings which may be necessary or advisable and otherwise to do any and all things which the Assignor itself could do in relation to the property hereby assigned.
SECTION 11. UCC Filings . The Assignor does hereby authorize the Assignee to do all things which may be necessary or advisable in order to perfect or maintain the security interest granted by this Assignment including, but not limited to, filing any and all Uniform Commercial Code financing statements or continuations thereof. For the avoidance of doubt, nothing herein shall require the Assignee to file Uniform Commercial Code financing statements or continuations thereof or be responsible for maintaining the security interests purported to be created as described herein (except for the accounting of moneys actually received by it hereunder and under any other Pari Passu Document) and such responsibility shall be solely that of the Assignor.
SECTION 12. Application of Proceeds . All moneys collected or received from time to time by the Assignee pursuant to this Assignment shall be applied as provided in the Credit Agreement.
SECTION 13. Continuing Security . The security created by this Assignment (i) shall be held by the Assignee as a continuing security for the payment in full of the Pari Passu Obligations, (ii) shall not be satisfied by an intermediate payment or satisfaction of any part of the amount hereby secured and (iii) shall be in addition to and shall not in any way be prejudiced
D-5

or affected by any collateral or other security now or hereafter held by the Assignee (for the benefit of the Secured Parties) for all or any part of the moneys hereby secured.
SECTION 14. Miscellaneous .
14.1 Further Assurances . The Assignor agrees that if this Assignment shall be, for any reason (including in the reasonable opinion of the Assignee based on the advice of counsel), insufficient in whole or in part to carry out the true intent and spirit hereof, it shall execute or cause to be executed such other documents or deliver or cause to be delivered such further instruments and documents as the Assignee may reasonably request or as may be necessary to obtain the full benefits of this Assignment and of the rights and powers herein granted to the Assignee including, without limitation, an alternative assignment.
14.2 Remedies Cumulative and Not Exclusive; No Waiver . Each and every right, power and remedy herein given to the Assignee shall be cumulative and shall be in addition to every other right, power and remedy of the Assignee now or hereafter existing at law, in equity or by statute, and each and every right, power and remedy, whether herein given or otherwise existing, may be exercised from time to time, in whole or in part, and as often and in such order as may be deemed expedient by the Assignee, and the exercise or the beginning of the exercise of any right, power or remedy shall not be construed to be a waiver of the right to exercise at the same time or thereafter any other right, power or remedy. No failure, delay or omission by the Assignee (on behalf of the Secured Parties) in the exercise of any right or power or in the pursuance of any remedy accruing upon any breach or default under any Pari Passu Document by the Assignor, the Borrowers or any other Borrower Subsidiary Grantor shall impair any such right, power or remedy or be construed to be a waiver of any such right, power or remedy or to be an acquiescence therein; nor shall the acceptance by the Assignee (on behalf of the Secured Parties) of any security or of any payment of or on account of any of the amounts due from the Assignor to the Assignee and maturing after any breach or default or of any payment on account of any past breach or default be construed to be a waiver of any right with respect to any future breach or default or of any past breach or default not completely cured thereby. In addition to the rights and remedies granted to it in this Assignment, the Assignee shall have rights and remedies of a secured party under the UCC.
14.3 Successors and Assigns . This Assignment and all obligations of the Assignor hereunder shall be binding upon the successors and assigns of the Assignor and shall, together with the rights and remedies of the Assignee hereunder, inure to the benefit of the Assignee, its respective successors and assigns.
14.4 Waiver; Amendment . None of the terms and conditions of this Assignment may be changed, waived, modified or varied in any manner whatsoever unless in writing duly signed by the Assignor and the Assignee.
14.5 Invalidity . If any provision of this Assignment shall at any time, for any reason, be declared invalid, void or otherwise inoperative by a court of competent jurisdiction, such declaration or decision shall not affect the validity of any other provision or provisions of this Assignment, or the validity of this Assignment as a whole and, to the fullest extent permitted by law, the other provisions hereof shall remain in full force and effect in such jurisdiction and
D-6


shall be liberally construed in favor of the Assignee in order to carry out the intentions of the parties hereto as nearly as may be possible. The invalidity and unenforceability of any provision hereof in any jurisdiction shall not affect the validity or enforceability of such provision in any other jurisdiction.
14.6 Notices . All notices, requests, demands and other communications to any party hereunder shall be in writing (including prepaid overnight courier, facsimile transmission, electronic transmission or similar writing) and shall be given to such party at the address, facsimile number or email address set forth below or at such other address or facsimile numbers as such party may hereafter specify for the purpose by notice to each other party hereto. Any notice sent by facsimile or electronic transmission shall be confirmed by letter dispatched as soon as practicable thereafter.
If to the Assignor:
 
 
[ASSIGNOR]
 
[ · ]
   
   
If to the Assignee:
CREDIT SUISSE AG, CAYMAN ISLANDS BRANCH
Eleven Madison Avenue, 9th Floor
New York, NY 10010
Attention:    Loan Operations – Boutique Management
Phone:          212-538-3525
Facsimile:   (212) 325-8315
Email:           list.ops-collateral@credit-suisse.com
 
Every notice or other communication shall, except so far as otherwise expressly provided by this Assignment, be deemed to have been received (provided that it is received prior to 5 p.m. New York City time; otherwise it shall be deemed to have been received on the next following Business Day) (i) if given by facsimile or electronic transmission, on the date of dispatch thereof (provided further that if the date of dispatch is not a Business Day in the locality of the party to whom such notice or demand is sent, it shall be deemed to have been received on the next following Business Day in such locality) or (ii) if given by mail, prepaid overnight courier or any other means, when received at the address specified in this Section or when delivery at such address is refused.
14.7 Electronic Delivery . Delivery of an executed copy of this Assignment by facsimile or electronic transmission shall be deemed as effective as delivery of an originally executed copy. In the event that the Assignor delivers an executed copy of this Assignment by facsimile or electronic transmission, the Assignor shall also deliver an originally executed copy as soon as practicable, but the failure of the Assignor to deliver an originally executed copy of this Assignment shall not affect the validity or effectiveness of this Assignment.
D-7


14.8 References . References herein to Sections, Exhibits and Schedules are to be construed as references to sections of, exhibits to, and schedules to, this Assignment, unless the context otherwise requires.
14.9 Headings . In this Assignment, Section headings are inserted for convenience of reference only and shall not be taken into account in the interpretation of this Assignment.
14.10 Termination . This Assignment and the security interests granted herein shall terminate when all the Pari Passu Obligations (other than contingent indemnification obligations and obligations in respect of secured cash management services (including Secured Cash Management Obligations), to the extent such obligations expressly survive the termination of the Pari Passu Obligations) have been paid in full.
SECTION 15. Applicable Law, Jurisdiction, Waivers, Joinders and Intercreditor Arrangements .
15.1 Governing Law; Jurisdiction; Consent to Service of Process . THIS ASSIGNMENT AND THE RIGHTS AND OBLIGATIONS OF THE PARTIES HEREUNDER SHALL BE CONSTRUED IN ACCORDANCE WITH AND BE GOVERNED BY THE LAW OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK. ANY LEGAL ACTION OR PROCEEDING WITH RESPECT TO THIS ASSIGNMENT SHALL BE BROUGHT IN THE COURTS OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK OR OF THE UNITED STATES FOR THE SOUTHERN DISTRICT OF NEW YORK, IN EACH CASE WHICH ARE LOCATED IN THE COUNTY OF NEW YORK, AND, BY EXECUTION AND DELIVERY OF THIS ASSIGNMENT, EACH PARTY HEREUNDER HEREBY IRREVOCABLY ACCEPTS FOR ITSELF AND IN RESPECT OF ITS PROPERTY, GENERALLY AND UNCONDITIONALLY, THE EXCLUSIVE JURISDICTION OF THE AFORESAID COURTS. EACH OF THE PARTIES HEREUNDER HEREBY FURTHER IRREVOCABLY WAIVES ANY CLAIM THAT ANY SUCH COURTS LACK PERSONAL JURISDICTION OVER ANY PARTY HEREUNDER, AND AGREES NOT TO PLEAD OR CLAIM, IN ANY LEGAL ACTION PROCEEDING WITH RESPECT TO THIS ASSIGNMENT BROUGHT IN ANY OF THE AFOREMENTIONED COURTS, THAT SUCH COURTS LACK PERSONAL JURISDICTION OVER ANY PARTY HEREUNDER. EACH OF THE PARTIES HEREUNDER FURTHER IRREVOCABLY CONSENTS TO THE SERVICE OF PROCESS OUT OF ANY OF THE AFOREMENTIONED COURTS IN ANY SUCH ACTION OR PROCEEDING BY THE MAILING OF COPIES THEREOF BY REGISTERED OR CERTIFIED MAIL, POSTAGE PREPAID, IN THE MANNER PROVIDED FOR NOTICES IN SECTION 14.6, SUCH SERVICE TO BECOME EFFECTIVE 30 DAYS AFTER SUCH DELIVERY. EACH OF THE PARTIES HEREUNDER HEREBY IRREVOCABLY WAIVES ANY OBJECTION TO SUCH SERVICE OF PROCESS AND FURTHER IRREVOCABLY WAIVES AND AGREES NOT TO PLEAD OR CLAIM IN ANY ACTION OR PROCEEDING COMMENCED HEREUNDER THAT SERVICE OF PROCESS WAS IN ANY WAY INVALID OR INEFFECTIVE. NOTHING HEREIN SHALL AFFECT THE RIGHT OF THE ADMINISTRATIVE AGENT, THE COLLATERAL AGENT, ANY LENDER OR THE HOLDERS OF THE OTHER PARI PASSU OBLIGATIONS TO SERVE PROCESS IN ANY OTHER MANNER PERMITTED BY LAW OR TO COMMENCE
D-8


LEGAL PROCEEDINGS OR OTHERWISE PROCEED AGAINST ANY PARTY HEREUNDER IN ANY OTHER JURISDICTION.
15.2 WAIVER OF IMMUNITY . TO THE EXTENT THAT THE ASSIGNOR HAS OR HEREAFTER MAY ACQUIRE ANY IMMUNITY, ON THE GROUNDS OF SOVEREIGNTY OR OTHERWISE, FROM ANY LEGAL ACTION, SUIT OR PROCEEDING, FROM SET-OFF OR COUNTERCLAIM, FROM THE COMPETENT JURISDICTION OF ANY COURT, FROM SERVICE OF PROCESS, FROM ATTACHMENT PRIOR TO JUDGMENT, ATTACHMENT IN AID OF EXECUTION, EXECUTION OF A JUDGMENT, OR FROM ANY OTHER LEGAL PROCESS OR REMEDY) WITH RESPECT TO ITSELF OR ITS PROPERTY, THE ASSIGNOR HEREBY IRREVOCABLY WAIVES SUCH IMMUNITY IN RESPECT OF ITS OBLIGATIONS UNDER THIS ASSIGNMENT.
15.3 WAIVER OF JURY TRIAL . EACH OF THE ASSIGNOR AND THE ASSIGNEE HEREBY WAIVES TRIAL BY JURY IN ANY ACTION, PROCEEDING OR COUNTERCLAIM BROUGHT BY ANY PARTY HERETO OR ANY BENEFICIARY HEREOF ON ANY MATTER WHATSOEVER ARISING OUT OF OR IN ANY WAY CONNECTED WITH THIS ASSIGNMENT. EACH PARTY HERETO (A) CERTIFIES THAT NO REPRESENTATIVE, AGENT OR ATTORNEY OF ANY OTHER PARTY HAS REPRESENTED, EXPRESSLY OR OTHERWISE, THAT SUCH OTHER PARTY WOULD NOT, IN THE EVENT OF LITIGATION, SEEK TO ENFORCE THE FOREGOING WAIVER AND (B) ACKNOWLEDGES THAT IT AND THE OTHER PARTIES HERETO HAVE SEEN INDUCED TO ENTER INTO THIS AGREEMENT BY, AMONG OTHER THINGS, THE MUTUAL WAIVERS AND CERTIFICATIONS IN THIS SECTION 15.3.
15.4 Joinder Agreements . If at any time holders of Pari Passu Obligations wish to become a party hereto, such holders (or their applicable representatives or agents) shall execute a Joinder Agreement, substantially in the form of Exhibit 4 hereto, and shall thereafter for all purposes be Secured Parties hereunder and have the same rights, benefits and obligations as if they had been a Secured Party on the Effective Date.
15.5 INTERCREDITOR AGREEMENT GOVERNS . NOTWITHSTANDING ANYTHING HEREIN TO THE CONTRARY, IN THE EVENT THAT THE INTERCREDITOR AGREEMENT IS ENTERED INTO, THE SECURITY INTERESTS CREATED HEREUNDER AND THE EXERCISE OF ANY RIGHT OR REMEDY (INCLUDING THE DISPOSITION OF ANY COLLATERAL) BY THE COLLATERAL AGENT OR THE OTHER SECURED PARTIES HEREUNDER, WILL BE SUBJECT TO THE PROVISIONS OF THE INTERCREDITOR AGREEMENT, AND IN THE EVENT OF ANY CONFLICT OR INCONSISTENCY BETWEEN THE PROVISIONS OF THE INTERCREDITOR AGREEMENT AND THIS ASSIGNMENT, THE PROVISIONS OF THE INTERCREDITOR AGREEMENT SHALL CONTROL.
[Signature page follows]
D-9


IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Assignor has caused this Assignment to be executed and delivered on the day and year first above written.
   
[ASSIGNOR]
     
   
By:
 
     
Name:
     
Title:
     
     
     
Acknowledged and Accepted by:
   
     
   
CREDIT SUISSE AG, CAYMAN ISLANDS BRANCH
as Assignee
     
     
   
By:
 
     
Name:
     
Title:
     
     
     
     

D-10


EXHIBIT 1
LOSS PAYABLE CLAUSE
Hull and Machinery (Marine & War Risks)
All claims, unless and until the insurers have received notice from Credit Suisse AG, Cayman Islands Branch as Collateral Agent (the " Mortgagee ") of an Event of Default that is unremedied under the Credit Agreement in which event all claims shall be payable to the Mortgagee for the benefit of the Secured Parties, shall be released directly for the repair, salvage or other charges involved or to the Assignor (as the case may be) as reimbursement if the insurer has determined that the Assignor has fully repaired the damage and paid all of the salvage or other charges or otherwise in respect of the Assignor's actual costs in connection with repair, salvage and/or other charges. Any amounts paid to the Assignor directly shall be paid to the following account: [EARNINGS ACCOUNT].
The Mortgagee shall be advised by the insurers:
(1)            Immediately of any material changes which are proposed to be made in terms of the insurances or if the underwriters cease to be underwriters for any purposes connected with the insurances;
(2)            Not later than fourteen (14) days or prior to the expiry of any of the insurances if instructions have not been received for the renewal or further renewal thereof and in the event of instructions being received to renew or further to renew of the details thereof; and
(3)            Immediately of any instructions or notices received by the insurer with regard to the cancellation or invalidity of any of the insurances.
D-11

EXHIBIT 2
LOSS PAYABLE CLAUSE
Protection and Indemnity
It is noted that Credit Suisse AG, Cayman Islands Branch, as Collateral Agent is interested as first preferred Mortgagee in the vessel and that by an assignment in writing all benefits under the Policy have been assigned to the Mortgagee. Claims payable hereunder shall be payable to the Owner or to its order until such time as notice in writing is received from the Mortgagee that an Event of Default that is unremedied under the Credit Agreement. All recoveries thereafter shall be payable to the Mortgagee, or to its order, provided always that the insurer is free to make payments in discharge of any guarantee issued in favor of third parties and further to make payments directly to a third party in discharge of a claim against the Owner and/or the Association.
The Mortgagee shall be advised by the insurers:
(1)            Immediately of any material changes which are proposed to be made in terms of the insurances or if the underwriters cease to be underwriters for any purposes connected with the insurances;
(2)            Not later than fourteen (14) days or prior to the expiry of any of the insurances if instructions have not been received for the renewal or further renewal thereof and in the event of instructions being received to renew or further to renew of the details thereof; and
(3)            Immediately of any instructions or notices received by the insurer with regard to the cancellation or invalidity of any of the insurances.
D-12

EXHIBIT 3
NOTICE OF ASSIGNMENT OF INSURANCES
TO:
TAKE NOTICE:
(a)
that by an Assignment of Insurances dated as of [ · ], made by us to Credit Suisse AG, Cayman Islands Branch as Collateral Agent (the " Assignee "), a copy of which is attached hereto, we have assigned to the Assignee from and including the date hereof, inter alia, all our right, title and interest in, to and under all policies and contracts of insurance, including our rights under all entries in any Protection and Indemnity or War Risk Association or Club, which are from time to time taken out by us in respect of the [JURISDICTION] registered vessel [NAME] (the " Vessel "), Official No. [NUMBER], and its earnings and all the benefits thereof including all claims of whatsoever nature (all of which together are hereinafter called the " Insurances ").
(b)
All claims, unless and until the insurers have received notice from the Assignee of an Event of Default that is unremedied under the Credit Agreement in which event all claims shall be payable to the Assignee for the benefit of the Secured Parties, shall be released directly for the repair, salvage or other charges involved or to the Assignor (as the case may be) as reimbursement if it has fully repaired the damage and paid all of the salvage or other charges or otherwise in respect of the Assignor's actual costs in connection with repair, salvage and/or other charges. Any payments made directly to the Assignor shall be paid to the following account: [EARNINGS ACCOUNT].
(c)
that you are hereby irrevocably authorized and instructed to pay as from the date hereof all payments under
(i)
all Insurances, except entries in Protection and Indemnity Associations or Clubs or insurances effected in lieu of such entries, relating to the Vessel in accordance with the loss payable clause in Exhibit 1 of the Assignment of Insurances; and
(ii)
all entries in Protection and Indemnity Associations or Clubs or insurances affected in lieu of such entries relating to the Vessel in accordance with the loss payable clause in Exhibit 2 of the Assignment of Insurances.
(d)
that you are hereby instructed to endorse the assignment, notice of which is given to you herein, on all policies or entries relating to the Vessel.
[Signature page follows]
D-13


DATED: [ · ]
 
[ASSIGNOR]
     
   
By:
 
     
Name:
     
Title:
     
     

D-14


We hereby acknowledge receipt of the foregoing Notice of Assignment and agree to act in accordance with the terms thereof:
     
By:
       
 
Name:
     
 
Title:
     
     
     
D-15

EXHIBIT 4
[FORM OF] JOINDER AGREEMENT
JOINDER AGREEMENT dated as of May [ · ], 2017 (this " Joinder Agreement ") is delivered pursuant to that certain ASSIGNMENT OF INSURANCES dated as of [ · ], 2017 (as amended, restated, amended and restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time, the " Assignment "), given by [ Assignor ], as Assignor, in favor of Credit Suisse AG, Cayman Islands Branch, as Collateral Agent, as Assignee, with respect to [ Vessel ]. Capitalized terms used herein but not otherwise defined herein shall have the meanings assigned to such terms in the Assignment.
WHEREAS, Section 15.4 of the Assignment provides that holders of Pari Passu Obligations may, by execution of a joinder agreement in the form of this Joinder Agreement, become parties to the Assignment and, thereafter, for all purposes be Secured Parties under the Assignment and have the same rights, benefits and obligations as if they had been Secured Parties on the Effective Date.
WHEREAS, [ insert parties to new Pari Passu Obligations agreement ] have entered into that certain [ insert title of the new Pari Passu Obligations agreement ] dated as of [ · ] (as it may be amended, restated, amended and restated, replaced, refinanced, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time, the " New Pari Passu Obligations Agreement ").
WHEREAS, in accordance with the foregoing, by execution and delivery hereof by [ insert the name of the agent for the secured parties under the New Pari Passu Obligations Agreement ] (the " New Pari Passu Obligations Agent "), for itself and as agent for the other [[Secured Parties] [ insert appropriate defined term ]] under and as defined in the New Pari Passu Obligations Agreement (the New Pari Passu Obligations Agent, together with such [[Secured Parties][ insert appropriate defined term ]], the " New Pari Passu Obligations Secured Parties "),   the New Pari Passu Obligations Secured Parties shall become bound by the terms of the Assignment in the same capacity and to the same extent as the Secured Parties (as such term is used in the Assignment) immediately prior to giving effect to this Joinder Agreement.
NOW THEREFORE, in consideration of the premises, and for other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which are hereby acknowledged, the undersigned hereby agree as follows:
SECTION 1 .
(a)            Pursuant to Section 15.4 of the Assignment, the New Pari Passu Obligations Agent hereby binds itself and each of the other New Pari Passu Obligations Secured Parties to the terms of the Assignment. The Assignment is hereby incorporated by reference. This Joinder Agreement shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of the parties hereto and their respective successors and assigns.
(b)            The New Pari Passu Obligations Agent, the Assignee and the Assignor, by their execution of this Joinder Agreement, hereby certify, acknowledge, agree and confirm that, effective as of the date first written above:
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(i)            the New Pari Passu Obligations Secured Parties shall be "Secured Parties" for all purposes of the Assignment from and after the date hereof;
(ii)            the New Pari Passu Obligations Agreement, together with the [[Loan Documents][ insert appropriate defined term ]] as defined in the New Pari Passu Obligations Agreement, shall be "Pari Passu Documents" for all purposes of the Assignment from and after the date hereof; and
(iii)            the [[Obligations][ insert appropriate defined term ]] under and as defined in the New Pari Passu Obligations Agreement shall be "Pari Passu Obligations" for all purposes of the Assignment from and after the date hereof.
SECTION 2 .
(a)            The New Pari Passu Obligations Agent hereby represents and warrants to the Assignor and the Assignee that (i) it is duly organized, validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the jurisdiction of its organization and has all requisite power and authority to enter into and perform its obligations under this Joinder Agreement, (ii) this Joinder Agreement has been duly executed and delivered by it and constitutes a legal, valid and binding obligation of it, enforceable in accordance with its terms and (iii) it is authorized under the New Pari Passu Obligations Agreement to enter into this Joinder Agreement.
(b)            The Assignor hereby represents and warrants to the Assignee and the New Pari Passu Obligations Agent that (i) it is duly organized, validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the jurisdiction of its organization and has all requisite power and authority to enter into and perform its obligations under this Joinder Agreement, (ii) this Joinder Agreement has been duly executed and delivered by it and constitutes a legal, valid and binding obligation of it, enforceable in accordance with its terms and (iii) the execution, delivery and performance by it of this Joinder Agreement (A) do not require any consent or approval of, registration or filing with or any other action by any governmental authority and (B) will not violate any applicable law or regulation or its charter, by-laws or other organizational documents or any order of any governmental authority or any indenture, agreement or other instrument binding upon it.
SECTION 3 . The New Pari Passu Obligations Agent, on behalf of itself and the other New Pari Passu Obligations Secured Parties, hereby appoints Credit Suisse AG, Cayman Islands Branch, to act as Collateral Agent on behalf of the New Pari Passu Obligations Secured Parties under the Assignment.
SECTION 4 . This Joinder Agreement shall become effective when it shall have been duly executed by the New Pari Passu Obligations Agent and the Assignor and acknowledged by the Assignee. This Joinder Agreement may be executed in counterparts, each of which shall constitute an original, but all of which when taken together shall constitute a single contract. Delivery of an executed signature page to this Joinder Agreement by facsimile transmission or other electronic method shall be effective as delivery of a manually signed counterpart of this Joinder Agreement.
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SECTION 5 . Except as expressly modified hereby, the Assignment shall remain in full force and effect.
SECTION 6 . THIS JOINDER AGREEMENT AND THE RIGHTS AND OBLIGATIONS OF THE PARTIES HEREUNDER SHALL BE CONSTRUED IN ACCORDANCE WITH AND BE GOVERNED BY THE LAWS OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK.
[Signature Pages Follow]
D-18

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have duly executed this Joinder Agreement as of the day and year first above written.
   
[                                                ],
as New Pari Passu Obligations Agent
     
   
By:
 
     
Name:
     
Title:
     
     
     
   
[                                                ],
as Assignor
     
   
By:
 
     
Name:
     
Title:
     
     
     
Acknowledged and Accepted by:
   
     
   
CREDIT SUISSE AG, CAYMAN ISLANDS BRANCH
as Assignee
     
     
   
By:
 
     
Name:
     
Title:
     
     
     
     

EXHIBIT E
Form of Earnings Assignment
See Attached

 
EXECUTION VERSION




[FORM OF] ASSIGNMENTS OF EARNINGS




given by


[ASSIGNOR],
as Assignor




in favor of




CREDIT SUISSE AG, CAYMAN ISLANDS BRANCH
as Collateral Agent,
as Assignee
 





May 18, 2017


[VESSEL]
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ASSIGNMENT OF EARNINGS


[VESSEL]

THIS ASSIGNMENT OF EARNINGS (this " Assignment "), dated as of May 18, 2017, is made by [ASSIGNOR], a [TYPE OF ORGANIZATION] organized and existing under the laws of [JURISDICTION], with its registered offices at [ADDRESS] (the " Assignor "), in favor of CREDIT SUISSE AG, CAYMAN ISLANDS BRANCH, as Collateral Agent (together with its successors and assigns, in such capacity, the " Assignee "), for and on behalf of the Secured Parties.
W I T N E S S E T H T H A T:
WHEREAS:
(A)            The Assignor is the sole owner of the whole of the [JURISDICTION] registered vessel [NAME] (the " Vessel "), Official No. [NUMBER];
(B)            Reference is made to that certain Credit Agreement dated as of May 18, 2017 (as amended, amended and restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time, the " Credit   Agreement ") among, inter alios, Arctic LNG Carriers LTD., a Marshall Islands corporation (the " Borrower "), Dynagas Finance LLC, a Delaware limited liability company and a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Borrower (" Finco " and, together with the Borrower, the " Borrowers "), the Borrower Subsidiary Guarantors party thereto from time to time, the Lenders party thereto from time to time, and Credit Suisse AG, Cayman Islands Branch, as Administrative Agent and Collateral Agent, which provides for the incurrence of the Loans and permits the Borrowers to incur other Pari Passu Obligations subject to certain terms and conditions (the trustee or agent of which shall, upon the execution of a Joinder Agreement, become a party hereto on behalf of the holders or lenders of such other Pari Passu Obligations);
(C)            Pursuant to the Pari Passu Documents, the Assignor has, jointly and severally with certain other Borrower Subsidiary Guarantors, guaranteed the punctual payment, performance and observance when due of the obligations of the Borrowers under and in connection with the Pari Passu Obligations, including, but not limited to, the Borrowers' obligation to pay the principal of, and premium and interest on, the Loans, as provided in the Credit Agreement and the other Pari Passu Obligations as provided in the other Pari Passu Documents and has agreed to execute an earnings assignment in favor of the Assignee as security for the payment or performance, as the case may be, of the Pari Passu Obligations;
(D)            As a condition precedent to the making of the Loans by the Lenders, each Guarantor has executed and delivered that certain Guarantee Agreement dated May 18, 2017 among the Borrowers, the Guarantors party thereto and the Assignee (as amended, amended and restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time, the " Guarantee   Agreement "); and
(E)            The Assignor is a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Borrower, will derive substantial direct and indirect benefits from the transactions contemplated by the Pari Passu
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Documents, as applicable, and is willing to execute and deliver this Assignment in accordance with the terms of the Pari Passu Documents, as applicable.
NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the premises and other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and adequacy of which is hereby acknowledged by the Assignor, the Assignor hereby agrees as follows:
SECTION 1. Defined   Terms .   Except as otherwise defined herein, terms defined in the Credit Agreement or the Guarantee Agreement shall have the same meanings when used herein.
SECTION 2. Grant   of   Security .  As security for the payment and performance of the Pari Passu Obligations, the Assignor, as legal and beneficial owner, does hereby assign, transfer and set over unto the Assignee, for the benefit of the Secured Parties, and does hereby grant the Assignee a security interest in, all of the Assignor's right, title and interest in and to the Earnings of the Vessel.
SECTION 3. Payment . The Assignor shall cause all sums payable to the Assignor and assigned hereby to be paid directly to the applicable Earnings Account. The Assignor shall cause all charterparties, contracts of affreightment or any such other contracts of employment of the Vessel to specify that payments due to the Assignor be made to the above referenced account. The Assignor does hereby confirm its pledge, assignment and grant to the Assignee of a security interest in all right, title and interest of the Assignor in and to the above referenced account. The Assignor does hereby confirm that an Account Pledge/Control Agreement in respective of the Earnings Account has been executed by all requisite parties and remains in full force and effect.
SECTION 4. Concerning  the  Assignee .
4.1. The provisions of Section 9 of the Credit Agreement are incorporated herein by reference as if fully restated herein and shall inure to the benefit of the Assignee in respect of this Assignment and shall be binding upon the parties to the Pari Passu Documents in such respect.
4.2. The Assignee is authorized to take all such action as is provided to be taken by it as Assignee hereunder and under any other Collateral Agreement and all other action incidental thereto.
4.3. The Assignee shall not be responsible for the existence, genuineness or value of any of the property hereby assigned or for the validity, perfection, continuation, priority or enforceability of the lien of this Assignment on any of the property hereby assigned, including without limitation the filing, form, content or renewal of UCC financing statements, this Assignment or similar documents or instruments, whether impaired by operation of law or by reason of any action or omission to act on its part hereunder. The Assignee shall have no duty to ascertain or inquire as to the performance or observance of any of the terms of this Assignment by the Assignor.
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4.4. The Assignee will be entitled to rely on information from (A) its own records for information as to the holders of the Pari Passu Obligations, their holdings in the Pari Passu Obligations and actions taken by them, (B) any holder of Pari Passu Obligations for information as to its holdings in the Pari Passu Obligations and actions taken by it, to the extent that the Assignee has not obtained such information from the foregoing sources, and (C) Assignor, to the extent that the Assignee has not obtained information from the foregoing sources.
4.5. With prior written notice to the Assignor, to the extent practicable, any time or times, in order to comply with any legal requirement, the Assignee may appoint another bank or trust company or one or more other Persons, either to act as co-agent or co agents, jointly with the Assignee, or to act as separate agent or agents on behalf of the Secured Parties with such power and authority as may be necessary for the effectual operation of the provisions hereof and may be specified in the instrument of appointment (which may, in the discretion of the Assignee, include provisions for the protection of such co-agent or separate agent similar to the provisions of this Section 4).
SECTION 5. Performance under Charters; No Duty of Inquiry . The Assignor hereby undertakes that, notwithstanding the assignment herein contained, it shall punctually perform all its obligations under all charters and contracts pertaining to the Vessel to which it is a party. It is hereby expressly agreed that, anything contained herein to the contrary notwithstanding, the Assignor shall remain liable under all charters and contracts pertaining to the Vessel to which it is a party and shall perform its obligations thereunder, and the Assignee shall have no obligation or liability under any such charter or contract by reason of or arising out of the assignment contained herein, nor shall the Assignee be required to assume or be obligated in any manner to perform or fulfill any obligation of the Assignor under or pursuant to any such charter or contract or to make any payment or make any inquiry as to the nature or sufficiency of any payment received by the Assignee, or to present or file any claim or to take any other action to collect or enforce the payment of any amounts which may have been assigned to it or to which it may be entitled hereunder or pursuant hereto at any time or times.
SECTION 6. Requisition . The Assignor shall promptly notify the Assignee in writing of the commencement and termination of any period during which the Vessel may be requisitioned.
SECTION 7. Employment of Vessel . The Assignor hereby further covenants and undertakes to furnish promptly to the Assignee all such information as it may from time to time reasonably request regarding the employment, position and engagements of the Vessel.
SECTION 8. Negative Pledge . The Assignor does hereby warrant and represent that it has not transferred, assigned, pledged or otherwise disposed of, and hereby covenants that it shall not transfer, assign, pledge or otherwise dispose of, so long as this Assignment shall remain in effect, any of its right, title or interest in whole or in part to the moneys and claims hereby assigned to anyone other than the Assignee, and it shall not take or omit to take any action, the taking or omission of which might result in an alteration or impairment of the rights hereby assigned or any of the rights created in this Assignment.
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SECTION 9. Power of Attorney . The Assignor does hereby irrevocably appoint and constitute the Assignee as the Assignor's true and lawful attorney-in-fact with full power (in the name of the Assignor or otherwise) should an Event of Default have occurred and be continuing to ask, require, demand, receive, compound and give acquittance for any and all moneys and claims for moneys assigned hereby, to endorse any checks or other instruments or orders in connection therewith, to file any claims or take any action or institute any proceedings which may be necessary or advisable and otherwise to do any and all things which the Assignor itself could do in relation to the property hereby assigned.
SECTION 10. UCC Filings . The Assignor does hereby authorize the Assignee to do all things which may be necessary or advisable in order to perfect or maintain the security interest granted by this Assignment including, but not limited to, filing any and all Uniform Commercial Code financing statements or continuations thereof. For the avoidance of doubt, nothing herein shall require the Assignee to file Uniform Commercial Code financing statements or continuations thereof or be responsible for maintaining the security interests purported to be created as described herein (except for the accounting of moneys actually received by it hereunder and under any other Pari Passu Document) and such responsibility shall be solely that of the Assignor.
SECTION 11. Application of Proceeds . All moneys collected or received from time to time by the Assignee pursuant to this Assignment shall be applied as provided in the Credit Agreement.
SECTION 12. Continuing Security . The security created by this Assignment (i) shall be held by the Assignee as a continuing security for the payment in full of the Pari Passu Obligations, (ii) shall not be satisfied by an intermediate payment or satisfaction of any part of the amount hereby secured and (iii) shall be in addition to and shall not in any way be prejudiced or affected by any collateral or other security now or hereafter held by the Assignee or any other Secured Party for all or any part of the moneys hereby secured.
SECTION 13. Miscellaneous.
13.1. Further Assurances . The Assignor agrees that if this Assignment shall be, for any reason (including in the reasonable opinion of the Assignee based on the advice of counsel), insufficient in whole or in part to carry out the true intent and spirit hereof, it shall execute or cause to be executed such other documents or deliver or cause to be delivered such further instruments and documents as the Assignee may reasonably request or as may be necessary to obtain the full benefits of this Assignment and of the rights and powers herein granted to the Assignee including, without limitation, an alternative assignment.
13.2. Remedies Cumulative and Not Exclusive; No Waiver . Each and every right, power and remedy herein given to the Assignee shall be cumulative and shall be in addition to every other right, power and remedy of the Assignee now or hereafter existing at law, in equity or by statute, and each and every right, power and remedy, whether herein given or otherwise existing, may be exercised from time to time, in whole or in part, and as often and in such order as may be deemed expedient by the Assignee, and the exercise or the beginning of the exercise of any right, power or remedy shall not be construed to be a waiver of the right to
E-5


exercise at the same time or thereafter any other right, power or remedy. No failure, delay or omission by the Assignee or any of the other Secured Parties in the exercise of any right or power or in the pursuance of any remedy accruing upon any breach or default under any Pari Passu Document by the Assignor, the Borrowers or any other Borrower Subsidiary Grantor shall impair any such right, power or remedy or be construed to be a waiver of any such right, power or remedy or to be an acquiescence therein; nor shall the acceptance by the Assignee or any of the other Secured Parties of any security or of any payment of or on account of any of the amounts due from the Assignor to the Assignee and maturing after any breach or default or of any payment on account of any past breach or default be construed to be a waiver of any right with respect to any future breach or default or of any past breach or default not completely cured thereby. In addition to the rights and remedies granted to it in this Assignment, the Assignee shall have rights and remedies of a secured party under the UCC.
13.3. Successors and Assigns . This Assignment and all obligations of the Assignor hereunder shall be binding upon the successors and assigns of the Assignor and shall, together with the rights and remedies of the Assignee hereunder, inure to the benefit of the Assignee, its respective successors and assigns.
13.4. Waiver; Amendment . None of the terms and conditions of this Assignment may be changed, waived, modified or varied in any manner whatsoever unless in writing duly signed by the Assignor and the Assignee.
13.5. Invalidity. If any provision of this Assignment shall at any time, for any reason, be declared invalid, void or otherwise inoperative by a court of competent jurisdiction, such declaration or decision shall not affect the validity of any other provision or provisions of this Assignment, or the validity of this Assignment as a whole and, to the fullest extent permitted by law, the other provisions hereof shall remain in full force and effect in such jurisdiction and shall be liberally construed in favor of the Assignee in order to carry out the intentions of the parties hereto as nearly as may be possible. The invalidity and unenforceability of any provision hereof in any jurisdiction shall not affect the validity or enforceability of such provision in any other jurisdiction.
13.6. Notices. All notices, requests, demands and other communications to any party hereunder shall be in writing (including prepaid overnight courier, facsimile transmission, electronic transmission or similar writing) and shall be given to such party at the address, facsimile number or email address set forth below or at such other address or facsimile numbers as such party may hereafter specify for the purpose by notice to each other party hereto. Any notice sent by facsimile or electronic transmission shall be confirmed by letter dispatched as soon as practicable thereafter.
If to the Assignor:
 
 
[ASSIGNOR]
 
[ · ]
   
If to the Assignee: 
 
 
CREDIT SUISSE AG, CAYMAN ISLANDS BRANCH
E-6


 
Eleven Madison Avenue, 9th Floor
New York, NY 10010
Attention:     Loan Operations – Boutique Management
Phone:           212-538-3525
Facsimile:    (212) 325-8315
Email:             list.ops-collateral@credit-suisse.com

Every notice or other communication shall, except so far as otherwise expressly provided by this Assignment, be deemed to have been received (provided that it is received prior to 5 p.m. New York City time; otherwise it shall be deemed to have been received on the next following Business Day) (i) if given by facsimile or electronic transmission, on the date of dispatch thereof (provided further that if the date of dispatch is not a Business Day in the locality of the party to whom such notice or demand is sent, it shall be deemed to have been received on the next following Business Day in such locality) or (ii) if given by mail, prepaid overnight courier or any other means, when received at the address specified in this Section or when delivery at such address is refused.
13.7. Electronic Delivery .  Delivery of an executed copy of this Assignment by facsimile or electronic transmission shall be deemed as effective as delivery of an originally executed copy. In the event that the Assignor delivers an executed copy of this Assignment by facsimile or electronic transmission, the Assignor shall also deliver an originally executed copy as soon as practicable, but the failure of the Assignor to deliver an originally executed copy of this Assignment shall not affect the validity or effectiveness of this Assignment.
13.8. References .   References herein to Sections, Exhibits and Schedules are to be construed as references to sections of, exhibits to, and schedules to, this Assignment, unless the context otherwise requires.
13.9. Headings .    In this Assignment, Section headings are inserted for convenience of reference only and shall not be taken into account in the interpretation of this Assignment.
13.10. Termination . This Assignment and the security interests granted herein shall terminate when all the Pari Passu Obligations (other than contingent indemnification obligations and obligations in respect of secured cash management services (including Secured Cash Management Obligations), to the extent such obligations expressly survive the termination of the Pari Passu Obligations) have been paid in full.
SECTION 14. Applicable Law, Jurisdiction, Waivers, Joinders and Intercreditor Arrangements .
14.1. Governing Law; Jurisdiction; Consent to Service of Process . THIS ASSIGNMENT AND THE RIGHTS AND OBLIGATIONS OF THE PARTIES HEREUNDER SHALL BE CONSTRUED IN ACCORDANCE WITH AND BE GOVERNED BY THE LAW OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK. ANY LEGAL ACTION OR PROCEEDING WITH RESPECT TO THIS ASSIGNMENT SHALL BE BROUGHT IN THE COURTS OF THE
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STATE OF NEW YORK OR OF THE UNITED STATES FOR THE SOUTHERN DISTRICT OF NEW YORK, IN EACH CASE WHICH ARE LOCATED IN THE COUNTY OF NEW YORK, AND, BY EXECUTION AND DELIVERY OF THIS ASSIGNMENT, EACH PARTY HEREUNDER HEREBY IRREVOCABLY ACCEPTS FOR ITSELF AND IN RESPECT OF ITS PROPERTY, GENERALLY AND UNCONDITIONALLY, THE EXCLUSIVE JURISDICTION OF THE AFORESAID COURTS. EACH OF THE PARTIES HEREUNDER HEREBY FURTHER IRREVOCABLY WAIVES ANY CLAIM THAT ANY SUCH COURTS LACK PERSONAL JURISDICTION OVER ANY PARTY HEREUNDER, AND AGREES NOT TO PLEAD OR CLAIM, IN ANY LEGAL ACTION PROCEEDING WITH RESPECT TO THIS ASSIGNMENT BROUGHT IN ANY OF THE AFOREMENTIONED COURTS, THAT SUCH COURTS LACK PERSONAL JURISDICTION OVER ANY PARTY HEREUNDER. EACH OF THE PARTIES HEREUNDER FURTHER IRREVOCABLY CONSENTS TO THE SERVICE OF PROCESS OUT OF ANY OF THE AFOREMENTIONED COURTS IN ANY SUCH ACTION OR PROCEEDING BY THE MAILING OF COPIES THEREOF BY REGISTERED OR CERTIFIED MAIL, POSTAGE PREPAID, IN THE MANNER PROVIDED FOR NOTICES IN SECTION 13.6, SUCH SERVICE TO BECOME EFFECTIVE 30 DAYS AFTER SUCH DELIVERY. EACH OF THE PARTIES HEREUNDER HEREBY IRREVOCABLY WAIVES ANY OBJECTION TO SUCH SERVICE OF PROCESS AND FURTHER IRREVOCABLY WAIVES AND AGREES NOT TO PLEAD OR CLAIM IN ANY ACTION OR PROCEEDING COMMENCED HEREUNDER THAT SERVICE OF PROCESS WAS IN ANY WAY INVALID OR INEFFECTIVE. NOTHING HEREIN SHALL AFFECT THE RIGHT OF THE ADMINISTRATIVE AGENT, THE COLLATERAL AGENT, ANY LENDER OR THE HOLDERS OF THE OTHER PARI PASSU OBLIGATIONS TO SERVE PROCESS IN ANY OTHER MANNER PERMITTED BY LAW OR TO COMMENCE LEGAL PROCEEDINGS OR OTHERWISE PROCEED AGAINST ANY PARTY HEREUNDER IN ANY OTHER JURISDICTION.
14.2. WAIVER OF IMMUNITY . TO THE EXTENT THAT THE ASSIGNOR HAS OR HEREAFTER MAY ACQUIRE ANY IMMUNITY, ON THE GROUNDS OF SOVEREIGNTY OR OTHERWISE, FROM ANY LEGAL ACTION, SUIT OR PROCEEDING, FROM SET-OFF OR COUNTERCLAIM, FROM THE COMPETENT JURISDICTION OF ANY COURT, FROM SERVICE OF PROCESS, FROM ATTACHMENT PRIOR TO JUDGMENT, ATTACHMENT IN AID OF EXECUTION, EXECUTION OF A JUDGMENT, OR FROM ANY OTHER LEGAL PROCESS OR REMEDY) WITH RESPECT TO ITSELF OR ITS PROPERTY, THE ASSIGNOR HEREBY IRREVOCABLY WAIVES SUCH IMMUNITY IN RESPECT OF ITS OBLIGATIONS UNDER THIS ASSIGNMENT.
14.3. WAIVER OF JURY TRIAL . EACH OF THE ASSIGNOR AND THE ASSIGNEE HEREBY WAIVES TRIAL BY JURY IN ANY ACTION, PROCEEDING OR COUNTERCLAIM BROUGHT BY ANY PARTY HERETO OR ANY BENEFICIARY HEREOF ON ANY MATTER WHATSOEVER ARISING OUT OF OR IN ANY WAY CONNECTED WITH THIS ASSIGNMENT. EACH PARTY HERETO (A) CERTIFIES THAT NO REPRESENTATIVE, AGENT OR ATTORNEY OF ANY OTHER PARTY HAS REPRESENTED, EXPRESSLY OR OTHERWISE, THAT SUCH OTHER PARTY WOULD NOT, IN THE EVENT OF LITIGATION, SEEK TO ENFORCE THE FOREGOING WAIVER AND (B) ACKNOWLEDGES THAT IT AND THE OTHER PARTIES HERETO HAVE SEEN
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INDUCED TO ENTER INTO THIS AGREEMENT BY, AMONG OTHER THINGS, THE MUTUAL WAIVERS AND CERTIFICATIONS IN THIS SECTION 14.3.
14.4. Joinder   Agreements . If at any time holders of Pari Passu Obligations wish to become a party hereto, such holders (or their applicable representatives or agents) shall execute a Joinder Agreement, substantially in the form of Exhibit 1 hereto, and shall thereafter for all purposes be Secured Parties hereunder and have the same rights, benefits and obligations as if they had been a Secured Party on the Effective Date.
14.5. INTERCREDITOR   AGREEMENT   GOVERNS . NOTWITHSTANDING ANYTHING HEREIN TO THE CONTRARY, IN THE EVENT THAT THE INTERCREDITOR AGREEMENT IS ENTERED INTO, THE SECURITY INTERESTS CREATED HEREUNDER AND THE EXERCISE OF ANY RIGHT OR REMEDY (INCLUDING THE DISPOSITION OF ANY COLLATERAL) BY THE COLLATERAL AGENT OR THE OTHER SECURED PARTIES HEREUNDER, WILL BE SUBJECT TO THE PROVISIONS OF THE INTERCREDITOR AGREEMENT, AND IN THE EVENT OF ANY CONFLICT OR INCONSISTENCY BETWEEN THE PROVISIONS OF THE INTERCREDITOR AGREEMENT AND THIS ASSIGNMENT, THE PROVISIONS OF THE INTERCREDITOR AGREEMENT SHALL CONTROL.
[Signature page follows]
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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Assignor has caused this Assignment to be executed and delivered on the day and year first above written.
   
[ASSIGNOR]
     
   
By:
 
     
Name:
     
Title:
     
Acknowledged and Accepted by:
   
     
   
CREDIT SUISSE AG, CAYMAN ISLANDS BRANCH
as Assignee
     
   
By:
 
     
Name:
     
Title:

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EXHIBIT 1
[FORM OF] JOINDER AGREEMENT
JOINDER AGREEMENT dated as of May, [ · ] 2017 (this " Joinder   Agreement " ) is delivered pursuant to that certain ASSIGNMENT OF EARNINGS dated as of May [ · ], 2017 (as amended, restated, amended and restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time, the " Assignment "), given by [ Assignor ], as Assignor, in favor of CREDIT SUISSE AG, CAYMAN ISLANDS BRANCH as Collateral Agent, as Assignee, with respect to [ Vessel ] . Capitalized terms used herein but not otherwise defined herein shall have the meanings assigned to such terms in the Assignment.
WHEREAS, Section 14.4 of the Assignment provides that holders of Pari Passu Obligations may, by execution of a joinder agreement in the form of this Joinder Agreement, become parties to the Assignment and, thereafter, for all purposes be Secured Parties under the Assignment and have the same rights, benefits and obligations as if they had been Secured Parties on the Effective Date.
WHEREAS, [ insert parties to new Pari Passu Obligations agreement ] have entered into that certain [ insert title of the new Pari Passu Obligations agreement ] dated as of [ · ] (as it may be amended, restated, amended and restated, replaced, refinanced, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time, the " New Pari Passu Obligations Agreement ").
WHEREAS, in accordance with the foregoing, by execution and delivery hereof by [ insert the name of the agent for the secured parties under the New Pari Passu Obligations Agreement ] (the " New Pari Passu Obligations Agent "), for itself and as agent for the other [[Secured Parties] [ insert appropriate defined term ]] under and as defined in the New Pari Passu Obligations Agreement (the New Pari Passu Obligations Agent, together with such [[Secured Parties][ insert appropriate defined term ]], the " New Pari Passu Obligations Secured Parties "), the New Pari Passu Obligations Secured Parties shall become bound by the terms of the Assignment in the same capacity and to the same extent as the Secured Parties (as such term is used in the Assignment) immediately prior to giving effect to this Joinder Agreement.
NOW THEREFORE, in consideration of the premises, and for other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which are hereby acknowledged, the undersigned hereby agree as follows:
SECTION 1 .
(a)            Pursuant to Section 13.4 of the Assignment, the New Pari Passu Obligations Agent hereby binds itself and each of the other New Pari Passu Obligations Secured Parties to the terms of the Assignment. The Assignment is hereby incorporated by reference. This Joinder Agreement shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of the parties hereto and their respective successors and assigns.
(b)            The New Pari Passu Obligations Agent, the Assignee and the Assignor, by their execution of this Joinder Agreement, hereby certify, acknowledge, agree and confirm that, effective as of the date first written above:
E-11



 (i)            the New Pari Passu Obligations Secured Parties shall be "Secured Parties" for all purposes of the Assignment from and after the date hereof;
(ii)            the New Pari Passu Obligations Agreement, together with the [[Loan Documents] [ insert appropriate defined term ]] as defined in the New Pari Passu Obligations Agreement, shall be "Pari Passu Documents" for all purposes of the Assignment from and after the date hereof; and
(iii)            the [[Obligations][ insert appropriate defined term ]] under and as defined in the New Pari Passu Obligations Agreement shall be "Pari Passu Obligations" for all purposes of the Assignment from and after the date hereof.
SECTION 2 .
(a)            The New Pari Passu Obligations Agent hereby represents and warrants to the Assignor and the Assignee that (i) it is duly organized, validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the jurisdiction of its organization and has all requisite power and authority to enter into and perform its obligations under this Joinder Agreement, (ii) this Joinder Agreement has been duly executed and delivered by it and constitutes a legal, valid and binding obligation of it, enforceable in accordance with its terms and (iii) it is authorized under the New Pari Passu Obligations Agreement to enter into this Joinder Agreement.
(b)            The Assignor hereby represents and warrants to the Assignee and the New Pari Passu Obligations Agent that (i) it is duly organized, validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the jurisdiction of its organization and has all requisite power and authority to enter into and perform its obligations under this Joinder Agreement, (ii) this Joinder Agreement has been duly executed and delivered by it and constitutes a legal, valid and binding obligation of it, enforceable in accordance with its terms and (iii) the execution, delivery and performance by it of this Joinder Agreement (A) do not require any consent or approval of, registration or filing with or any other action by any governmental authority and (B) will not violate any applicable law or regulation or its charter, by-laws or other organizational documents or any order of any governmental authority or any indenture, agreement or other instrument binding upon it.
SECTION 3 . The New Pari Passu Obligations Agent, on behalf of itself and the other New Pari Passu Obligations Secured Parties, hereby appoints Credit Suisse AG, Cayman Islands Branch, to act as Collateral Agent on behalf of the New Pari Passu Obligations Secured Parties under the Assignment.
SECTION 4 . This Joinder Agreement shall become effective when it shall have been duly executed by the New Pari Passu Obligations Agent and the Assignor and acknowledged by the Assignee. This Joinder Agreement may be executed in counterparts, each of which shall constitute an original, but all of which when taken together shall constitute a single contract. Delivery of an executed signature page to this Joinder Agreement by facsimile transmission or other electronic method shall be effective as delivery of a manually signed counterpart of this Joinder Agreement.
E-12



SECTION 5 . Except as expressly modified hereby, the Assignment shall remain in full force and effect.
SECTION 6 . THIS JOINDER AGREEMENT AND THE RIGHTS AND OBLIGATIONS OF THE PARTIES HEREUNDER SHALL BE CONSTRUED IN ACCORDANCE WITH AND BE GOVERNED BY THE LAWS OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK.
[Signature Pages Follow]
E-13



IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have duly executed this Joinder Agreement as of the day and year first above written.
   
[                                              ],
   
as New Pari Passu Obligations Agent
     
   
By:
 
     
Name:
     
Title:
     
     
   
[                                              ],
   
as Assignor
     
   
By:
 
     
Name:
     
Title:
       
       
Acknowledged and Accepted by:
     
CREDIT SUISSE AG, CAYMAN ISLANDS BRANCH,
as Assignee
     
       
       
By:
       
 
Name:
     
 
Title:
     


 
 
E-14

 
 
EXHIBIT F
Form of Perfection Certificate
See Attached


PERFECTION CERTIFICATE
Reference is made to that certain Credit Agreement dated as of May 18, 2017 (as amended, amended and restated, supplemented or otherwise modified and in effect from time to time, the " Credit Agreement "), among Arctic LNG Carriers LTD., a Marshall Islands corporation (the " Borrower "), Dynagas Finance LLC, a newly formed Delaware limited liability company (" Finco " and, together with the Borrower, the " Borrowers "), the lenders from time to time party thereto and Credit Suisse AG, as administrative agent (in such capacity, the " Administrative Agent ") and as collateral agent (in such capacity, the " Collateral Agent ").
Capitalized terms used but not defined herein have the meanings assigned thereto in the Credit Agreement. In addition, as used herein, (a) " Grantors " shall mean the Borrower and each of the Subsidiaries of the Borrower and (b) " Loan Parties " shall mean each of the Grantors, the Parent, Dynagas Equity, Dynagas Operating, Dynagas Operating GP, LLC and each other Subsidiary of the Parent that directly or indirectly owns any Capital Stock of the Borrowers.
The undersigned, a Financial Officer of the Parent, hereby certifies to the Collateral Agent, the Administrative Agent and the Lenders as follows:
1.            Names . (a) The full and exact legal name of each Loan Party (as it appears in each respective certificate or articles of incorporation, limited liability membership agreement or similar organizational documents, in each case as amended to date), (b) the type of organization, (c) the jurisdiction of organization (or formation, as applicable) and (d) the organizational identification number (not tax i.d. number), if any, issued by the jurisdiction of formation of each Loan Party that is a registered organization, in each case, are as follows:
Full and Exact Legal Name of Loan Party
Type of Organization
Jurisdiction of Organization
Organizational Identification Number (Jurisdiction)
Dynagas LNG Partners LP, a publicly traded Marshall Islands limited partnership
Publicly traded limited partnership
Marshall Islands
950060
Dynagas Operating LP, a Marshall Islands limited partnership
Limited partnership
Marshall Islands
950059
Dynagas Operating GP LLC, a Marshall Islands limited liability company
Limited liability
company
Marshall Islands
962418
Dynagas Equity Holding Limited, a Liberian corporation
Corporation
Liberia
C-115521
Arctic LNG Carriers LTD., a Marshall Islands corporation
Corporation
Marshall Islands
77480
Dynagas Finance LLC, a Delaware limited liability company
Limited liability
company
Delaware
None.





Seacrown Maritime Ltd., a Marshall Islands Corporation
Corporation
Marshall Islands
10628
Solana Holding Ltd., a Marshall Islands Corporation
Corporation
Marshall Islands
47644
Navajo Marine Limited, a Marshall Islands Corporation
Corporation
Marshall Islands
47650
Lance Shipping S.A., a Marshall Islands Corporation
Corporation
Marshall Islands
10149
Pegasus Shipholding S.A., a Marshall Islands Corporation
Corporation
Marshall Islands
10748
Fareastern Shipping Limited, a Malta private limited liability company
Private limited liability company
Malta
C 52103

(b)            Set forth below is each other legal name each Loan Party has had in the past five years, together with the date of the relevant change and date range of use thereof:
Name of Loan Party
Date of Change and Date Range of Use
Other Legal Name
     
     
(c)            Except as set forth below, no Loan Party has changed its name, identity or corporate structure in
any way within the past five years. Changes in name, identity or corporate structure would include mergers, consolidations and acquisitions, as well as any change in the form, nature or jurisdiction of organization. If any such change has occurred, please include in Schedule 1 the information required by the other requirements of Sections 1 and 2 of this certificate as to each acquiree or constituent party to a merger or consolidation.
Name of Loan Party
Date of Change
Description of Change
     
     

 (d)            The following is a list of all other names (including trade names, assumed names or similar appellations) used by each Loan Party or any of its divisions or other business units or by which such Loan Party is known in connection with the conduct of its business or the ownership of its properties at any time during the past five years:
2

Name of Loan Party
Trade Name and other Names
   
   


(e)            Attached as Schedule lE hereto is a true and correct chart showing the ownership relationship of the Loan Parties.
2.            Locations . (a) Prior Addresses. Except as set forth below, no Loan Party has changed its chief executive office within the past five (5) years:
Name of Loan Party
Date of Change
Description of Change
     
Dynagas LNG Partners LP, a publicly traded Marshall Islands limited partnership
July 2015
23, Rue Basse, 9800 Monaco
from 97 Poseidonos Avenue & 2,
Foivis Street, Glyfada, 166 74
Athens, Greece
Dynagas Operating LP, a Marshall Islands limited partnership
July 2015
23, Rue Basse, 9800 Monaco
from 97 Poseidonos Avenue & 2,
Foivis Street, Glyfada, 166 74
Athens, Greece
Dynagas Operating GP LLC, a Marshall Islands limited liability company
July 2015
23, Rue Basse, 9800 Monaco
from 97 Poseidonos Avenue & 2,
Foivis Street, Glyfada, 166 74
Athens, Greece
Dynagas Equity Holding Limited, a Liberian corporation
July 2015
23, Rue Basse, 9800 Monaco
from 97 Poseidonos Avenue & 2,
Foivis Street, Glyfada, 166 74
Athens, Greece
Seacrown Maritime Ltd., a Marshall Islands Corporation
July 2015
23, Rue Basse, 9800 Monaco
from 97 Poseidonos Avenue & 2,
Foivis Street, Glyfada, 166 74
Athens, Greece
Solana Holding Ltd., a Marshall Islands Corporation
July 2015
23, Rue Basse, 9800 Monaco
from 97 Poseidonos Avenue & 2,
Foivis Street, Glyfada, 166 74
Athens, Greece
Navajo Marine Limited, a Marshall Islands Corporation
July 2015
23, Rue Basse, 9800 Monaco
from 97 Poseidonos Avenue & 2,
Foivis Street, Glyfada, 166 74
Athens, Greece
Pelta Holdings S.A., a Nevis Corporation
July 2015
23, Rue Basse, 9800 Monaco from
97 Poseidonos Avenue & 2,
Foivis Street, Glyfada, 166 74
Athens, Greece
Lance Shipping S.A., a Marshall
July 2015
23, Rue Basse, 9800 Monaco

3



 Islands Corporation   from 97 Poseidonos Avenue & 2,
Foivis Street, Glyfada, 166 74
Athens, Greece
Quinta Group Corp., a Nevis Corporation
July 2015
23, Rue Basse, 9800 Monaco
from 97 Poseidonos Avenue & 2,
Foivis Street, Glyfada, 166 74
Athens, Greece
Pegasus Shipholding S.A., a Marshall Islands Corporation
July 2015
23, Rue Basse, 9800 Monaco
from 97 Poseidonos Avenue & 2,
Foivis Street, Glyfada, 166 74
Athens, Greece
Fareastern Shipping Limited, a Malta private limited liability company
July 2015
23, Rue Basse, 9800 Monaco from
97 Poseidonos Avenue & 2,
Foivis Street, Glyfada, 166 74
Athens, Greece

(b)            Current Addresses. None of the Loan Parties have a chief executive office located within the United States or in a jurisdiction whose law generally requires information concerning the existence of a non-possessory security interest to be made generally available in a filing, recording, or registration system as a condition or result of the security interest's obtaining priority over the rights of a lien creditor with respect to collateral (except as set forth below). Set forth opposite each Loan Parties' name below is the chief executive office for such Loan Party and the preferred mailing address (if different than the chief executive office of such Loan Party):
Name of Loan Party
Address of Chief Executive Office
Preferred Mailing Address (if different than Chief Executive Office
Dynagas LNG Partners LP, a publicly traded Marshall Islands limited partnership
23, Rue Basse, 9800 Monaco
Poseidonos Avenue & 2
Foivis Street, Glyfada
166 74 Athens, Greece
Dynagas Operating LP, a Marshall Islands limited partnership
23, Rue Basse, 9800 Monaco
Poseidonos Avenue & 2
Foivis Street, Glyfada
166 74 Athens, Greece
Dynagas Operating GP LLC, a Marshall Islands limited liability company
23, Rue Basse, 9800 Monaco
Poseidonos Avenue & 2
Foivis Street, Glyfada
166 74 Athens, Greece
Dynagas Equity Holding Limited, a Liberian corporation
23, Rue Basse, 9800 Monaco
Poseidonos Avenue & 2
Foivis Street, Glyfada
166 74 Athens, Greece
Arctic LNG Carriers LTD., a Marshall Islands corporation
23, Rue Basse, 9800 Monaco
Poseidonos Avenue & 2
Foivis Street, Glyfada
166 74 Athens, Greece
Dynagas Finance LLC, a Delaware limited liability company
23, Rue Basse, 9800 Monaco
Poseidonos Avenue & 2
Foivis Street, Glyfada
166 74 Athens, Greece
Seacrown Maritime Ltd., a Marshall Islands Corporation
23, Rue Basse, 9800 Monaco
Poseidonos Avenue & 2
Foivis Street, Glyfada
166 74 Athens, Greece

4



Solana Holding Ltd., a Marshall Islands Corporation
23, Rue Basse, 9800 Monaco
Poseidonos Avenue & 2
Foivis Street, Glyfada
166 74 Athens, Greece
Navajo Marine Limited, a Marshall Islands Corporation
23, Rue Basse, 9800 Monaco
Poseidonos Avenue & 2
Foivis Street, Glyfada
166 74 Athens, Greece
Lance Shipping S.A., a Marshall Islands Corporation
23, Rue Basse, 9800 Monaco
Poseidonos Avenue & 2
Foivis Street, Glyfada
166 74 Athens, Greece
Pegasus Shipholding S.A., a Marshall Islands Corporation
23, Rue Basse, 9800 Monaco
Poseidonos Avenue & 2
Foivis Street, Glyfada
166 74 Athens, Greece
Fareastern Shipping Limited, a Malta private limited liability company
23, Rue Basse, 9800 Monaco
Poseidonos Avenue & 2
Foivis Street, Glyfada
166 74 Athens, Greece

3.            File Search Reports . File search reports have been obtained from the District of Columbia with respect to each Loan Party in Section 2 hereof, and such search reports reflect no liens against any of the Collateral other than those permitted under the Credit Agreement.
4.            UCC Filings . Financing statements in substantially the form of Schedule 4 hereto have been prepared for filing in the proper UCC filing office in the jurisdiction in which each Grantor is located (or such other applicable jurisdiction) and, to the extent any of the collateral is comprised of fixtures, in the proper local jurisdiction, in each case as set forth with respect to such Grantor in Section 2 hereof. The undersigned, on behalf of the Borrower and each other Grantor, hereby authorizes the Administrative Agent to file such financing statements, any other financing or continuation statements, and amendments thereto, in all jurisdictions and with all filing offices as the Administrative Agent may reasonably determine, in its sole discretion, are necessary or advisable to perfect the security interest granted or to be granted to the Collateral Agent under the Loan Documents. Such financing statements may describe the collateral in the same manner as described in the Collateral Documents, Schedule 4 thereto or may contain an indication or description of collateral that describes such property in any other manner as the Administrative Agent may reasonably determine, in its sole discretion, is necessary, advisable or prudent to ensure the perfection of the security interest in the collateral granted to the Collateral Agent.
5.            Schedule of Filings . Attached hereto as Schedule 5 is a schedule setting forth, with respect to the filings described in Section 4 above, each filing and the filing office in which such filing is to be made.
6.            Stock Ownership and other Equity Interests . Attached hereto as Schedule 6 is a true and correct list of all the issued and outstanding stock, partnership interests, limited liability company membership interests or other equity interest of the Loan Parties (other than the Parent) and the record and beneficial owners of such stock, partnership interests, limited liability company membership interests or other equity interests. Also set forth on Schedule 6 is each equity investment of the Borrower or any other Borrower Subsidiary Guarantor that represents 50% or more of the equity of the entity in which such investment was made.
7.            Mortgage Filings . Attached hereto as Schedule 7 is a schedule setting forth, with respect to each Collateral Vessel, (a) the exact name of the Person that owns such property as such name appears in its certificate of incorporation or other organizational document, and (b) the filing office in which a
5


Mortgage with respect to such property must be filed or recorded in order for the Security Trustee and/or the Collateral Agent to obtain a perfected security interest therein.
8.            Deposit Accounts , Securities Accounts and Similar Accounts . Attached hereto as Schedule 8 is a true and correct list of each Earnings Account, deposit account, securities account or similar account in each case of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries, including the name and address of the depositary institution, the type of account and the account number.
6



SCHEDULE 1
NAMES AND ORGANIZATIONAL INFORMATION
 
 



SCHEDULE 1E
ORGANIZATIONAL CHART OF THE LOAN PARTIES
 
 
9



SCHEDULE 4


UCC Filings


[See attached.]
 
 


SCHEDULE 5

Debtor
Filing
Filing Office
Arctic LNG Carriers LTD., a Marshall Islands corporation
UCC-1
Washington D.C. Recorder of Deeds
Seacrown Maritime Ltd., a Marshall Islands Corporation
UCC-1
Washington D.C. Recorder of Deeds
Solana Holding Ltd., a Marshall Islands Corporation
UCC-1
Washington D.C. Recorder of Deeds
Navajo Marine Limited, a Marshall Islands Corporation
UCC-1
Washington D.C. Recorder of Deeds
Lance Shipping S.A., a Marshall Islands Corporation
UCC-1
Washington D.C. Recorder of Deeds
Pegasus Shipholding S.A., a Marshall
Islands Corporation
UCC-1
Washington D.C. Recorder of Deeds
Fareastern Shipping Limited, a Malta private limited liability company
UCC-1
Washington D.C. Recorder of Deeds



SCHEDULE 6
Stock Ownership and Equity Interests
Issuer
Number of Certificate
Registered Owner
Number and Class of Equity Interest
Percentage of Equity Interests
Dynagas Operating LP, a Marshall Islands limited partnership
N/A
 
Dynagas LNG Partners LP
 
Uncertificated limited partnership interests
100% LP Interest
 
N/A
Dynagas Operating GP LLC
Uncertificated non- economic general partnership interests
100% GP Interest 
Dynagas Operating GP LLC, a Marshall Islands limited liability company
N/A
Dynagas LNG Partners LP
Uncertificated limited liability company membership interests
100%
Dynagas Equity Holding Limited, a Liberian corporation
11
Dynagas Operating LP
500
100%
Arctic LNG Carriers LTD., a Marshall Islands corporation
1
Dynagas Equity Holding Limited
500
100%
Dynagas Finance LLC, a Delaware limited liability company
N/A
Arctic LNG Carriers LTD.
Uncertificated limited liability company membership interests
100%
Seacrown Maritime Ltd., a Marshall Islands Corporation
3
Arctic LNG Carriers LTD.
500
100%
Solana Holding Ltd., a Marshall Islands Corporation
4
Arctic LNG Carriers LTD.
500
100%
Navajo Marine Limited, a Marshall Islands Corporation
4
Arctic LNG Carriers LTD.
500
100%
Lance Shipping S.A., a Marshall Islands Corporation
3
Arctic LNG Carriers LTD.
500
100%
Pegasus Shipholding S.A., a Marshall Islands Corporation
3
Arctic LNG Carriers LTD.
500
100%
Fareastern Shipping Limited, a Malta Private Limited Liability Company
3
Arctic LNG Carriers LTD.
1,200
100%




SCHEDULE 7
Mortgage Filings
Owner
Vessel
Filing Office
Seacrown Maritime Ltd., a Marshall Islands Corporation
Amur River
Maritime Administrator of the Marshall Islands.
Solana Holding Ltd., a Marshall Islands Corporation
Lena River
Maritime Administrator of the Marshall Islands.
Navajo Marine Ltd, a Marshall Islands Corporation
Yenisei River
Maritime Administrator of the Marshall Islands.
Lance Shipping S.A., a Marshall Islands Corporation
Ob River
Maritime Administrator of the Marshall Islands.
Pegasus Shipholding S.A., a Marshall Islands Corporation
Clean Energy
Maritime Administrator of the Marshall Islands.
Fareastern Shipping Limited, a Malta private limited liability company
Arctic Aurora
Malta Ship Registry
Registrar of Ships
Merchant Shipping Directorate
Malta Transport Centre
Marsa, Malta
 

 



SCHEDULE 8
Deposit Accounts , Securities Accounts and Similar Accounts
Account Holder
Deposit Bank
Account Type
Account No.
Solana Holding Ltd.
ABN Amro NV
Debt Service Account
[_____]
Navajo Marine Limited
ABN Amro NV
Debt Service Account
[_____]
Solana Holding Ltd.
ABN Amro NV
Retention Account
[_____]
Navajo Marine Limited
ABN Amro NV
Retention Account
[_____]
Pegasus Shipholding S.A.
Credit Suisse
Earnings Account
[_____]
Lance Shipping S.A.
Credit Suisse
Earnings Account
[_____]
Seacrown Maritime Ltd.
Credit Suisse
Earnings Account
[_____]
Fareastern Shipping Limited
Credit Suisse
Earnings Account
[_____]
Solana Holding Ltd.
ABN Amro NV
Earnings Account
[_____]
Navajo Marine Limited
ABN Amro NV
Earnings Account
[_____]
Navajo Marine Limited
DNB
Operating Account
[_____]
Arctic LNG Carriers LTD.
DNB
Operating Account
[_____]




 
 
 
 

 
EXHIBIT G
TO CREDIT AGREEMENT


FORM OF NOTICE OF BORROWING




[FORM OF] NOTICE OF BORROWING
[Date]

Credit Suisse AG, Cayman Islands Branch
    as Administrative Agent for the Lenders party
    to the Credit Agreement
    referred to below
Eleven Madison Avenue, 9th Floor
New York, NY 10010
Attention:     Loan Operations — Boutique Management
Phone:           212-538-3525
Facsimile:    (212) 325-8315
Email:             list.ops-collateral@credit-suisse.com

Ladies and Gentlemen:
The undersigned, Arctic LNG Carriers LTD., a Marshall Islands corporation (the " Borrower "), and Dynagas Finance LLC, a Delaware limited liability company and a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Borrower (" Finco " and, together with the Borrower, the " Borrowers "), refer to the Credit Agreement dated as of May 18, 2017 (as amended, restated, modified and/or supplemented from time to time, the " Credit Agreement "; the terms defined therein being used herein as therein defined), among the Borrowers, the Borrower Subsidiary Guarantors party thereto from time to time, the lenders party thereto from time to time (the " Lenders ") and Credit Suisse AG, Cayman Islands Branch, as Administrative Agent for such Lenders, and hereby give you notice, irrevocably (except as otherwise provided in Section 2.08 of the Credit Agreement), pursuant to Section 2.02(a) of the Credit Agreement, that the undersigned hereby requests a Borrowing under the Credit Agreement, and in that connection set forth below is the information relating to such Borrowing (the " Proposed Borrowing ") as required by Section 2.02(a) of the Credit Agreement:
(i)            The aggregate principal amount of the Proposed Borrowing is $ ________________.
G-1



 (ii)            The Business Day of the Proposed Borrowing is ___________________. 1
(iii)            The Type of Loan comprising the Proposed Borrowing is ___________________. 2
(iv)            The proceeds of the Proposed Borrowing shall be deposited in the following account: Account No. [________________], Account Name [__________________].
(v)            [The initial Interest Period for the Proposed Borrowing is [ month(s)].] 3
The undersigned hereby certifies on behalf of the Borrowers that the following statements are true on the date hereof, and will be true on the date of the Proposed Borrowing:
(A)            the representations and warranties made by each Loan Party in or pursuant to the Loan Documents are and will be true and correct in all material respects, on and as of such date of the Proposed Borrowing with the same effect as though made on and as of the date of the Proposed Borrowing, except to the extent that such representations and warranties expressly relate to an earlier date, in which case they shall be true and correct in all material respects as of such earlier date; provided that any representation and warranty that is qualified as to "materiality", "Material Adverse Effect" or similar language shall be true and correct (after giving effect to any qualification therein) in all respects on such respective dates; and
(B)            no Default or Event of Default has occurred and is continuing on the date of the Proposed Borrowing or would result after giving effect to the Proposed Borrowing made on such date.
[Signature Pages Follow]



1            Shall be a Business Day at least three Business Days after the date hereof, provided that any such notice shall be deemed to have been given on a certain day only if given before 11:00 a.m. (New York time) on such day.
2            If the Type of Loan is not specified, the Loan shall be made as a Base Rate Loan.
3            Insert if the Proposed Borrowing is a Eurodollar Rate Loan.
G-2


   
Very truly yours,
     
   
ARCTIC LNG CARRIERS LTD.
     
   
By:
 
     
Name:
     
Title:
     
     
   
DYNAGAS FINANCE LLC
     
     
   
By:
 
     
Name:
     
Title:
       
       



G-3

 
EXHIBIT H
TO CREDIT AGREEMENT


FORM OF NOTE


[FORM OF] NOTE

$ ____________
New York, New York
 
___________ ___, 20_

FOR VALUE RECEIVED, ARCTIC LNG CARRIERS LTD., a Marshall Islands corporation (the " Borrower ") and DYNAGAS FINANCE LLC, a Delaware limited liability company and a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Borrower (" Finco " and, together with the Borrower, the " Borrowers "), hereby promise to pay to ________________________ or its registered assigns (the " Lender "), in lawful money of the United States of America in immediately available funds, at the office of Credit Suisse AG, Cayman Islands Branch (the " Administrative Agent "), located at Eleven Madison Avenue, 9th Floor, New York, NY 10010, on the Maturity Date (as defined in the Credit Agreement referred to below) the principal sum of ____________________  DOLLARS ($____________) or, if less, the unpaid principal amount of all Loans (as defined in the Credit Agreement) made by the Lender pursuant to the Credit Agreement, payable at such times and in such amounts as are specified in the Credit Agreement.
The Borrowers also promise to pay interest on the unpaid principal amount of each Loan made by the Lender in like money at said office from the date hereof until paid at the rates and at the times provided in Section 2.06 of the Credit Agreement.
This Note is one of the Notes referred to in the Credit Agreement dated as of May 18, 2017, among, inter alios, the Borrowers, the Borrower Subsidiary Guarantors from time to time party thereto, the lenders from time to time party thereto (including the Lender) and the Administrative Agent (as amended, restated, modified and/or supplemented from time to time, the " Credit Agreement ") and is entitled to the benefits thereof and of the other Loan Documents (as defined in the Credit Agreement). This Note is secured by the Collateral Agreements (as defined in the Credit Agreement) and is entitled to the benefits of the Loan Guarantees (as defined in the Credit Agreement). This Note is subject to voluntary prepayment and mandatory repayment prior to the Maturity Date, in whole or in part, as provided in the Credit Agreement.
If an Event of Default (as defined in the Credit Agreement) shall occur and be continuing, the principal of and accrued interest on this Note may be declared to be due and payable in the manner and with the effect provided in the Credit Agreement.
The Borrowers hereby waive presentment, demand, protest or notice of any kind in connection with this Note.
 
H-1

The loans issued pursuant to the Credit Agreement were issued with original issue discount for purposes of section 1271 et seq. of the United States Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended from time to time. Beginning no later than 10 days after the issue date, the Lender may obtain the issue price, amount of original issue discount, issue date and yield to maturity of the loans by submitting a written request for such information to the Borrowers at the following address: [ ], attention: [ ].
H-2



THIS NOTE SHALL BE CONSTRUED IN ACCORDANCE WITH AND BE GOVERNED BY THE LAW OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK.
   
ARCTIC LNG CARRIERS LTD.
     
     
   
By:
 
     
Name:
     
Title:
     
     
   
DYNAGAS FINANCE LLC
     
     
   
By:
 
     
Name:
     
Title:
       
       

H-3

 
EXHIBIT I
TO CREDIT AGREEMENT


AUCTION PROCEDURES
AUCTION PROCEDURES
This Exhibit I is intended to summarize certain basic terms of the modified Dutch auction procedures pursuant to and in accordance with the terms and conditions of Section 2 . 13 of the Credit Agreement dated as of May 18, 2017, among Arctic LNG Carriers LTD., a Marshall Islands corporation (the " Borrower " ) , Dynagas Finance LLC, a Delaware limited liability company and a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Borrower (" Finco " and, together with the Borrower, the " Borrowers " ), the Borrower Subsidiary Guarantors party thereto from time to time, the Lenders party thereto from time to time, and Credit Suisse AG, Cayman Islands Branch, as Administrative Agent, of which this Exhibit I is a part. It is not intended to be a definitive statement of all of the terms and conditions of a modified Dutch auction, the definitive terms and conditions for which shall be set forth in the applicable Auction Notice. None of the Administrative Agent, the Auction Manager, any of their respective Affiliates, any of the Borrowers or any of their respective Affiliates makes any recommendation pursuant to the applicable Auction Notice as to whether or not any Lender should sell its Loans to a Borrower or a Subsidiary of a Borrower pursuant to the applicable Auction Notice, nor shall the decision by the Administrative Agent or the Auction Manager (or any of their respective Affiliates) in its capacity as a Lender to sell its Loans to a Borrower or a Subsidiary of a Borrower be deemed to constitute such a recommendation. Each Lender should make its own decision as to whether to sell any of its Loans and as to the price to be sought for such Loans. In addition, each Lender should consult its own attorney, business advisor or tax advisor as to legal, business, tax and related matters concerning each Purchase Offer and the applicable Auction Notice. Capitalized terms not otherwise defined in this Exhibit I have the meanings assigned to them in the Credit Agreement.
Notice Procedures . In connection with each Purchase Offer, a Borrower or Subsidiary of a Borrower will provide notification to the Auction Manager (for distribution to the Lenders) of the Class of Loans (as determined by such Borrower or Subsidiary of a Borrower in its sole discretion) that will be the subject of such Purchase Offer (each, an " Auction Notice "). Each Auction Notice shall contain (i) the maximum principal amount (calculated on the face amount thereof) of Loans of each Class that the applicable Borrower or Subsidiary of a Borrower offers to purchase in such Purchase Offer (the " Auction Amount ") ; (ii) the range of discounts to par (the " Discount Range "), expressed as a range of prices (in increments of $25) per $1,000, at which such Borrower or Subsidiary of a Borrower would be willing to purchase Loans of such Class in such Purchase Offer; and (iii) the date on which such Purchase Offer will conclude (which date shall not be less than three Business Days following the distribution of the Auction Notice to the Lenders), on which date Return Bids (as defined below) will be due by 1:00 p.m., New York City time (as such date and time may be extended by the Auction Manager, the
I-1


" Expiration Time "). Such Expiration Time may be extended for a period not exceeding three Business Days upon notice by the applicable Borrower or Subsidiary of a Borrower to the Auction Manager received not less than 24 hours before the original Expiration Time; provided that only one extension per Purchase Offer shall be permitted. A Purchase Offer shall be regarded as a "failed Purchase Offer" in the event that either (x) the applicable Borrower or Subsidiary of a Borrower withdraws such Purchase Offer in accordance with the terms hereof or (y) the Expiration Time occurs with no Qualifying Bids (as defined below) having been received. In the event of a failed Purchase Offer, no Borrower or Subsidiary of a Borrower shall be permitted to deliver a new Auction Notice prior to the date occurring three Business Days after such withdrawal or Expiration Time, as the case may be. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained herein, (i) the applicable Borrower or Subsidiary of a Borrower shall not initiate any Purchase Offer by delivering an Auction Notice to the Auction Manager until after the conclusion (whether successful or failed) of the previous Purchase Offer (if any), whether such conclusion occurs by withdrawal of such previous Purchase Offer or the occurrence of the Expiration Time of such previous Purchase Offer and (ii) no more than four Purchase Offers may be made in any one year.
Reply Procedures . In connection with any Purchase Offer, each Lender of Loans of the applicable Class wishing to participate in such Purchase Offer shall, prior to the Expiration Time, provide the Auction Manager with a notice of participation, in the form included in the applicable offering document (each, a " Return Bid "), which shall specify (i) a discount to par that must be expressed as a price (in increments of $25) per $1,000 in principal amount of Loans of the applicable Class (the " Reply Price ") within the Discount Range and (ii) the principal amount of Loans of the applicable Class that such Lender offers for sale at its Reply Price (the " Reply Amount "). Lenders may only submit one Return Bid per Purchase Offer, but each Return Bid may contain up to three component bids, each of which may result in a separate Qualifying Bid (as defined below) and each of which will not be contingent on any other component bid submitted by such Lender resulting in a Qualifying Bid. In addition to the Return Bid, the participating Lender must execute and deliver, to be held in escrow by the Auction Manager, an Affiliated Lender Assignment and Assumption Agreement in the form attached to this Exhibit I as Annex I. No Borrower or Subsidiary of a Borrower will purchase any Loans at a price that is outside of the applicable Discount Range, nor will any Return Bids (including any component bids specified therein) submitted at a price that is outside such applicable Discount Range be considered in any calculation of the Applicable Threshold Price (as defined below).
Acceptance Procedures . Based on the Reply Prices and Reply Amounts received by the Auction Manager, the Auction Manager, in consultation with the applicable Borrower or Subsidiary of a Borrower, will determine the applicable discounted price (the " Applicable Discounted Price ") for the Auction, which will be (i) the lowest Reply Price for which such Borrower or Subsidiary of a Borrower can complete the Purchase Offer at the Auction Amount or (ii) in the event that the aggregate amount of the Reply Amounts relating to such Auction Notice is insufficient to allow such Borrower or Subsidiary of a Borrower to purchase the entire Auction Amount, the highest Reply Price that is within the Discounted Range so that such Borrower or Subsidiary of a Borrower can complete the purchase at such aggregate amount of Reply Amounts. Subject to the conditions contained in the Auction Notice, the applicable Borrower or Subsidiary of a Borrower shall purchase the Loans of the applicable Class (or the respective portions thereof) from each Lender with a Reply Price that is equal to or less than the Applicable Discounted Price
I-2


 (" Qualifying Bids ") at the Applicable Discounted Price; provided that if the aggregate amount required to pay the Qualifying Bids would exceed the Auction Amount for such Purchase Offer, such Borrower or Subsidiary of a Borrower shall pay such Qualifying Bids at the Applicable Discounted Price ratably based on the respective principal amounts of such Qualifying Bids (subject to rounding requirements specified by the Auction Manager) in an aggregate amount not to exceed the Auction Amount. Each participating Lender shall be given notice as to whether its bid is a Qualifying Bid as soon as reasonably practicable but in no case later than five Business Days from the date the Return Bid was due.
Notification Procedures . The Auction Manager will calculate the Applicable Discounted Price and will cause the Administrative Agent to post the Applicable Discounted Price and proration factor onto an internet or intranet site (including an IntraLinks, SyndTrak or other electronic workspace) in accordance with the Auction Manager's standard dissemination practices by 4:00 p.m., New York City time, on the Business Day during which the Expiration Time occurs. The Auction Manager will insert the principal amount of Loans of the applicable Class to be assigned and the applicable settlement date into each applicable Affiliated Lender Assignment and Assumption Agreement received in connection with a Qualifying Bid. Upon the request of the submitting Lender, the Auction Manager will promptly return any Affiliated Lender Assignment and Assumption Agreement received in connection with a Return Bid that is not a Qualifying Bid.
Additional Procedures . Once initiated by an Auction Notice, the applicable Borrower or Subsidiary of a Borrower may withdraw a Purchase Offer only if no Qualifying Bid has been received by the Auction Manager at the time of withdrawal. Any Return Bid (including any component bid thereof) delivered to the Auction Manager may not be withdrawn, modified, revoked, terminated or cancelled by a Lender. However, a Purchase Offer may become void if the conditions to the purchase set forth in Section 2 . 13 of the Credit Agreement are not met. The purchase price in respect of each Qualifying Bid for which purchase by the applicable Borrower or Subsidiary of a Borrower is required in accordance with the foregoing provisions shall be paid directly by such Borrower or Subsidiary of a Borrower to the respective assigning Lender on a settlement date as determined jointly by such Borrower or Subsidiary of a Borrower and the Auction Manager (which shall be not later than ten Business Days after the date Return Bids are due). The applicable Borrower or Subsidiary of a Borrower shall execute each applicable Affiliated Lender Assignment and Assumption Agreement received in connection with a Qualifying Bid. All questions as to the form of documents and eligibility of Loans that are the subject of a Purchase Offer will be determined by the Auction Manager, in consultation with the applicable Borrower or Subsidiary of a Borrower, and their determination will be final and binding so long as such determination is not inconsistent with the terms of Section 2 . 13 of the Credit Agreement or this Exhibit I . The Auction Manager's interpretation of the terms and conditions of the Auction Notice, in consultation with the applicable Borrower or Subsidiary of a Borrower, will be final and binding so long as such interpretation is not inconsistent with the terms of Section 2 . 13 of the Credit Agreement or this Exhibit I . None of the Administrative Agent, the Auction Manager or any of their respective Affiliates assumes any responsibility for the accuracy or completeness of the information concerning the applicable Borrower or Subsidiary of a Borrower, the Loan Parties or any of their respective Affiliates (whether contained in an offering document or otherwise) or for any failure to disclose events that may have occurred and may affect the significance or accuracy of such information. Notwithstanding
I-3


anything to the contrary contained herein or in any other Loan Document, this Exhibit I shall not require any Borrower or Subsidiary of a Borrower to initiate any Purchase Offer.
I-4



ANNEX I TO
AUCTION PROCEDURES


[FORM OF] AFFILIATED LENDER ASSIGNMENT AND ASSUMPTION AGREEMENT
This Affiliated Lender Assignment and Assumption Agreement (this " Assignment and Assumption ") is dated as of the Effective Date set forth below and is entered into by and between the Assignor (as defined below) and the Assignee (as defined below). Capitalized terms used but not defined herein shall have the meanings given to them in the Credit Agreement identified below (the " Credit Agreement "), receipt of a copy of which is hereby acknowledged by the Assignee. The Standard Terms and Conditions set forth in Annex II attached hereto are hereby agreed to and incorporated herein by reference and made a part of this Assignment and Assumption as if set forth herein in full.
For an agreed consideration, the Assignor hereby irrevocably sells and assigns to the Assignee, and the Assignee hereby irrevocably purchases and assumes from the Assignor, subject to and in accordance with the Standard Terms and Conditions referred to below and the Credit Agreement, as of the Effective Date inserted by the Administrative Agent as contemplated below, (a) all the Assignor's rights and obligations in its capacity as a Lender under the Credit Agreement and any other documents or instruments delivered pursuant thereto to the extent related to the amount and percentage interest identified below of all of such outstanding rights and obligations of the Assignor under the respective facilities identified below (including any Loan Guarantees included in such facilities) and (b) to the extent permitted to be assigned under applicable law, all claims, suits, causes of action and any other right of the Assignor (in its capacity as a Lender) against any Person, whether known or unknown, arising under or in connection with the Credit Agreement, any other documents or instruments delivered pursuant thereto or the loan transactions governed thereby or in any way based on or related to any of the foregoing, including contract claims, tort claims, malpractice claims, statutory claims and all other claims at law or in equity related to the rights and obligations sold and assigned pursuant to clause (a) above (the rights and obligations sold and assigned pursuant to clauses (a) and (b) above being referred to herein collectively as the " Assigned Interest "). Such sale and assignment is without recourse to the Assignor and, except as expressly provided in this Assignment and Assumption, without representation or warranty by the Assignor.
 
1.
Assignor:
 
       
 
2.
Assignee:
 
     
[and is [a Lender] [an Affiliate of [Identify Lender]]] 1
       
 
3.
Borrowers: Arctic LNG Carriers LTD. and Dynagas Finance LLC
     
 
4.
Administrative Agent: Credit Suisse AG, Cayman Islands Branch, as the Administrative Agent under the Credit Agreement
     




1            Select as applicable.
I-5

 
5.
Credit Agreement: The Credit Agreement dated as of May 18, 2017, among Arctic LNG Carriers LTD., Dynagas Finance LLC, the Borrower Subsidiary Guarantors party thereto from time to time, the Lenders party thereto from time to time, and Credit Suisse AG, Cayman Islands Branch, as Administrative Agent.
     
   6.
Assigned Interest: 
Facility Assigned
 
Aggregate Amount of
Commitments/Loans
of the applicable
Class of all Lenders
   
Amount of the Commitments/Loans of the applicable Class Assigned
   
Percentage Assigned
of Aggregate Amount
of
Commitments/Loans
of the applicable
Class of all Lenders 2
 
Term Loans
 
$
 
   
$
 
     
 
%
[         ] 3
 
$
 
   
$
 
     
 
%
                         

Effective Date:   __________________ , 20__ [TO BE INSERTED BY THE ADMINISTRATIVE AGENT AND WHICH SHALL BE THE EFFECTIVE DATE OF RECORDATION OF TRANSFER IN THE REGISTER THEREFOR]
The Assignee, if not already a Lender, agrees to deliver to the Administrative Agent any tax forms required by Section 4.07(g) of the Credit Agreement and to designate one or more credit contacts to whom all syndicate-level information (which may contain material non-public information with respect to the Parent or its Subsidiaries or with respect to the securities of any such Person (" Parent Restricted Information ")) will be made available and who may receive such information in accordance with the Assignee's compliance procedures and applicable laws, including Federal and State securities laws.



2            Set forth, to at least 9 decimals, as a percentage of the Commitments/Loans of all Term Lenders or Incremental Lenders of any Class, as applicable.
3            In the event Other Term Loans of any Class are established under Section 2.12 of the Credit Agreement, refer to the Class of such Loans assigned.
I-6


The terms set forth above are hereby agreed to:
 
[Consented to and Accepted:
___________________________, as Assignor,
 
CREDIT SUISSE AG, CAYMAN ISLANDS BRANCH,
   
as Administrative Agent,
     
by
   
by
 
 
Name:
   
Name:
 
Title:
   
Title:]
         
___________________________, as Assignee,
   
Consented to:
         
       
ARCTIC LNG CARRIERS LTD.,
         
by
   
by
 
 
Name:
   
Name:
 
Title:
   
Title:]
         
         
       
DYNAGAS FINANCE LLC,
         
     
by
 
       
Name:
       
Title:] 4
         





4            Select as applicable.
I-7




ANNEX I TO
AFFILIATED LENDER
ASSIGNMENT AND ASSUMPTION AGREEMENT


STANDARD TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR
ASSIGNMENT AND ASSUMPTION
1.            Representations and Warranties .
1.1            Assignor . The Assignor (a) represents and warrants that (i) it is the legal and beneficial owner of the Assigned Interest, (ii) the Assigned Interest is free and clear of any lien, encumbrance or other adverse claim and (iii) it has full power and authority, and has taken all action necessary, to execute and deliver this Assignment and Assumption and to consummate the transactions contemplated hereby; (b) assumes no responsibility with respect to (i) any statements, warranties or representations made in or in connection with the Credit Agreement or any other Loan Document, other than statements made by it herein, (ii) the execution, legality, validity, enforceability, genuineness, sufficiency or value of the Loan Documents or any collateral thereunder, (iii) the financial condition of the Parent, the Borrowers, any Subsidiary or any other Affiliate of the Parent or any other Person obligated in respect of any Loan Document or (iv) the performance or observance by the Parent, the Borrowers, any Subsidiary or any other Affiliate of the Parent or any other Person of any of their respective obligations under any Loan Document; and (c) acknowledges that the Assignee is a Borrower or a Subsidiary of the Borrower.
1.2            Assignee . The Assignee (a) represents and warrants that (i) it has full power and authority, and has taken all action necessary, to execute and deliver this Assignment and Assumption, to consummate the transactions contemplated hereby and to become a Lender under the Credit Agreement, (ii) it satisfies the requirements, if any, specified in the Credit Agreement that are required to be satisfied by it in order to acquire the Assigned Interest and become a Lender, (iii) it is a Borrower or a Subsidiary of the Borrower, (iv) as of the date hereof no Loan Party has any Parent Restricted Information that (1) has not been previously disclosed in writing to the Administrative Agent and the Lenders (other than because such Lender does not wish to receive such Parent Restricted Information) and (2) could reasonably be expected to have a material effect upon, or otherwise be material to, a Lender's decision to participate in the Purchase Offer, (v) it has delivered to the Auction Manager an officer's certificate of an Authorized Representative of the Assignee certifying as to compliance with the preceding clause (iv), (vi) from and after the Effective Date hereof, it shall be bound by the provisions of the Credit Agreement as a Lender thereunder and, to the extent of the Assigned Interest, shall have the obligations of a Lender thereunder, (vii) it has received a copy of the Credit Agreement, together with copies of the most recent financial statements delivered pursuant to Section 7.05 thereof (or, prior to the first such delivery, the financial statements referred to in Sections 5.01(g) and 5.01(h) thereof), and such other documents and information as it has deemed appropriate to make its own credit analysis and decision to enter into this Assignment and Assumption and to purchase the Assigned Interest on the basis of which it has made such analysis and decision independently and without reliance on the Administrative Agent, the Assignor or any other Lender, (viii) if it is a Lender that is a U.S. Person, attached hereto is an executed original of IRS Form W-9 certifying that such Lender is exempt from U.S. Federal backup withholding tax and
I-8


 (ix) if it is a foreign Lender, attached hereto is any documentation required to be delivered by it pursuant to the terms of the Credit Agreement (including Section 4.07(g) thereof), duly completed and executed by the Assignee and (b) agrees that (i) it will, independently and without reliance on the Administrative Agent, the Assignor or any other Lender, and based on such documents and information as it shall deem appropriate at the time, continue to make its own credit decisions in taking or not taking action under the Loan Documents and (ii) it will perform in accordance with their terms all of the obligations which by the terms of the Loan Documents are required to be performed by it as a Lender.
2.            Payments . From and after the Effective Date, the Administrative Agent shall make all payments in respect of the Assigned Interest (including payments of principal, interest, fees and other amounts) to the Assignee whether such amounts have accrued prior to or on or after the Effective Date. The Assignor and the Assignee shall make all appropriate adjustments in payments by the Administrative Agent for periods prior to the Effective Date or with respect to the making of this assignment directly between themselves.
3.            General Provisions . This Assignment and Assumption shall be binding upon, and inure to the benefit of, the parties hereto and their respective successors and assigns. This Assignment and Assumption may be executed in any number of counterparts (and by different parties hereto on different counterparts), each of which shall constitute an original, but all of which when taken together shall constitute a single contract. Delivery of an executed counterpart of a signature page of this Assignment and Assumption by facsimile or other electronic imaging shall be effective as delivery of a manually executed counterpart of this Assignment and Assumption. This Assignment and Assumption shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of New York.
I-9


EXHIBIT J
Intentionally Omitted
 
 
 
 
 
 

 
EXHIBIT K


Form of Ship Mortgage


See Attached


 


 
FIRST PREFERRED MARSHALL ISLANDS MORTGAGE


granted by




Solana Holding Ltd.,
as Owner




in favor of




CREDIT SUISSE AG, Cayman Islands,
as Security Trustee,
as Mortgagee







May 18, 2017


LENA RIVER




FIRST PREFERRED MORTGAGE


LENA RIVER
THIS FIRST PREFERRED MORTGAGE (this " Mortgage ") is made and given this 18 th day of May, 2017 by Solana Holding Ltd., a corporation incorporated and existing under the laws of the Republic of the Marshall Islands (the " Owner ") in favor of Credit Suisse AG, Cayman Islands with offices at 11 Madison Avenue, 9 th Floor, New York, NY 10010, as security trustee (the " Mortgagee ") for and on behalf of the Creditors (as defined below).
WHEREAS:
(A)            The Owner is the sole owner of the whole of the vessel LENA RIVER Official No. 5073, of 100236 gross tons and 33759 net tons, built in 2013, and registered and documented in the name of the Owner under the laws and flag of the Republic of the Marshall Islands;
(B)            Pursuant to that certain Credit Agreement dated as of May 18, 2017 (as the same may be amended, amended and restated, supplemented or otherwise modified and in effect from time to time, the " Credit Agreement ", a copy of which, without schedules or exhibits other than Annex I thereto is annexed hereto as Exhibit A) made by and among Arctic LNG Carriers Ltd., a Marshall Islands corporation (the " Borrower "), Dynagas Finance LLC, a newly-formed Delaware limited liability company and a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Borrower (" Finco " and, together with the Borrower, the " Borrowers "), each of the Borrower Subsidiary Guarantors party thereto, the Lenders party thereto from time to time and CREDIT SUISSE AG, Cayman Islands, as administrative agent (in such capacity, the " Administrative Agent ") and collateral agent (in such capacity, the " Collateral Agent "), the Administrative Agent and the Collateral Agent have agreed to serve in their respective capacities under the terms of the Credit Agreement and the Lenders have agreed to provide to the Borrowers term loans in an aggregate principal amount equal to $480,000,000.00 (collectively, the " Facility ").
(C)            The Owner has guaranteed, pursuant to that certain Guarantee Agreement dated as of May 18, 2017 (the " Guarantee Agreement ", a copy of which is annexed hereto as Exhibit B) by the Owner and certain other Affiliates (as defined in the Credit Agreement) of the Owner in favor of the Administrative Agent and the Collateral Agent, the obligations of the Borrowers under the Credit Agreement;
(D)            The Owner is a wholly-owned Subsidiary (as defined in the Credit Agreement) of the Borrower;
(E)            Pursuant to the Credit Agreement, each of the Secured Parties (as defined below) have appointed (or may from time to time appoint) the Mortgagee as security trustee on its behalf with regard to, inter alia , the security interest conferred on the Secured Parties with respect to this Mortgage and certain other rights, powers, and remedies of the Secured Parties in respect of this Mortgage and the Collateral;
(F)            It is a condition precedent under the Credit Agreement that the Owner execute and deliver to the Mortgagee, as security for the Secured Obligations of the Owner to the


Administrative Agent, Collateral Agent, Lenders and other Secured Parties (collectively, the " Creditors ") under or in connection with the Guarantee Agreement, this Mortgage and otherwise agree to be bound by the terms of this Mortgage and the Owner has agreed to grant this Mortgage to secure its obligations under the Guarantee Agreement; and
(G)            The Owner, in order to secure the payment of the Secured Obligations and to secure the performance and observance of and compliance with all the covenants, terms and conditions contained in the Credit Agreement, the Guarantee Agreement, this Mortgage, and the other Loan Documents, expressed or implied, to be performed, observed and complied with by and on the part of the Owner, has duly authorized the execution and delivery and recordation of this first preferred mortgage under and pursuant to the Maritime Law.
NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the premises and for other valuable consideration, the receipt and adequacy of which the parties hereby acknowledge, the Owner hereby agrees as follows:
SECTION 1.            Defined Terms .
1.1            Defined Terms . In this Mortgage, except as otherwise defined herein, terms defined in the Credit Agreement shall have the same meaning when used herein. In addition, unless the context otherwise requires the following terms shall have the following meanings:
(a)            " Administrative Agent " shall have the meaning provided in the Recitals;
(b)            " Borrower " shall have the meaning provided in the Recitals;
(c)            " Borrowers " shall have the meaning provided in the Recitals;
(d)            " Classification Society " shall mean the member of the International Association of Classification Societies with whom the Vessel is entered and who conducts periodic physical surveys and/or inspections of the Vessel;
(e)            " Collateral Agent " shall have the meaning provided in the Recitals;
(f)            " Credit Agreement " shall have the meaning provided in the Recitals;
(g)            " Creditors " shall have the meaning provided in the Recitals;
(h)            " Earnings " shall mean all freight, hire and passage moneys, compensation payable in event of requisition of the Vessel for hire, remuneration for salvage and towage services, demurrage and detention moneys and any other earnings or money whatsoever payable and belonging to the Owner due or to become due in respect of the Vessel at any time during the Security Period;
(i)            " Event of Default " shall have the meaning provided in Section 7.1;
(j)            " Facility " shall have the meaning provided in the Recitals;
2



(k)            " Finco' shall have the meaning provided in the Recitals;
(l)             " Guarantee Agreement " shall have the meaning provided in the Recitals;
(m)            " Insurances " shall mean all policies and contracts of insurance and all entries of the Vessel in a protection and indemnity or War Risks association or club which are from time to time taken out or entered into pursuant to this Mortgage in respect of the Vessel and its Earnings or otherwise howsoever in connection with the Vessel;
(n)            " Maritime Law " shall mean Chapter 3 of the Maritime Act 1990 of the Republic of the Marshall Islands, as amended;
(o)            " Mortgage " shall have the meaning provided in the preamble;
(p)            " Mortgagee " shall have the meaning provided in the preamble;
(q)            " Owner " shall have the meaning provided in the preamble;
(r)            " Requisition Compensation " shall mean all moneys or other compensation payable and belonging to the Owner during the Security Period by reason of requisition for title or other compulsory acquisition of the Vessel or otherwise than by requisition for hire;
(s)            " Secured Obligations " shall have the meaning provided to the term "Secured Obligations" in the Credit Agreement;
(t)            " Secured Parties " shall mean collectively, (a) the Lenders, (b) the Agents, (c) each holder of other Pari Passu Obligations that has executed, or has caused to be executed on its behalf, a joinder agreement to the Intercreditor Agreement, (d) each provider of cash management services the obligations under which constitute Secured Cash Management Obligations that has executed, or has caused to be executed on its behalf, a joinder agreement to the Intercreditor Agreement, (e) each counterparty to any hedging agreement the obligations under which constitute Secured Hedging Obligations that has executed, or has caused to be executed on its behalf, a joinder agreement to the Intercreditor Agreement, (f) the beneficiaries of each indemnification obligation undertaken by any Credit Party under any Pari Passu Document and (g) the successors and assigns of each of the foregoing;
(u)            " Security Period " shall mean the period commencing on the date hereof and terminating upon discharge of the security created by this Mortgage by payment in full of the Secured Obligations;
(v)            " Vessel " shall mean the whole of the vessel described in Recital A hereof and includes its engines, machinery, boats, boilers, masts, rigging, anchors, chains, cables, apparel, tackle, outfit, spare gear, fuel, consumable or other stores, freights, belongings and appurtenances, whether on board or ashore, whether now owned or hereafter acquired, and all additions, improvements and replacements hereafter made in or to said vessel, or any part
3


thereof, or in or to the stores, belongings and appurtenances aforesaid except such equipment or stores which, when placed aboard said vessel, do not become the property of the Owner; and
(w)            " War Risks " shall mean all war risks covered by the Vessel's war risks insurances as per the Norwegian Marine Insurance Plan 1996 (Version 2010) and any subsequent amendments thereto.
1.2            Rules of Construction . The rules of construction specified in Section 1.02 of the Credit Agreement also apply to this Mortgage, mutatis mutandis.
1.3            Prevailing Agreements; Conflicts . This Mortgage shall be read together with the Credit Agreement but in case of any inconsistency or conflict between the Credit Agreement and this Mortgage, the provisions of the Credit Agreement shall prevail over this Mortgage, to the extent the Credit Agreement does not conflict with the laws of the Republic of the Marshall Islands.
SECTION 2.            Grant of Mortgage . In consideration of the premises and of other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and adequacy whereof are hereby acknowledged, and in order to secure the due and punctual payment of the Secured Obligations and to secure the performance and observance of and compliance with the covenants, terms and conditions contained in the Credit Agreement, this Mortgage, and the other Loan Documents, the Owner does by these presents grant, convey and mortgage by way of first preferred mortgage to and in favor of the Mortgagee, its successors and assigns, the whole of the Vessel TO   HAVE   AND   TO   HOLD the same unto the Mortgagee, its successors and assigns upon the terms set forth in this Mortgage for the enforcement of the payment of the Secured Obligations and to secure the performance and observance of and compliance with the covenants, terms and conditions contained in the Credit Agreement, this Mortgage, and the other Loan Documents;
PROVIDED, ONLY, and the conditions of these presents are such that, if the Owner and/or its successors or assigns shall pay or cause to be paid to the Creditors, their respective successors and assigns, the Secured Obligations as and when the same shall become due and payable in accordance with the terms of this Mortgage, the Credit Agreement and the other Loan Documents and shall perform, observe and comply with all and singular of the covenants, terms and conditions contained in the Credit Agreement, this Mortgage and the other Loan Documents, expressed or implied, to be performed, observed or complied with by and on the part of the Owner or its successors or assigns, all without delay or fraud and according to the true intent and meaning hereof and thereof, then, these presents and the rights of the Mortgagee under this Mortgage shall cease and determine and, in such event, the Mortgagee agrees by accepting this Mortgage, at the expense of the Owner, to execute all such documents as the Owner may reasonably require to discharge this Mortgage under the laws of the Republic of the Marshall Islands.
SECTION 3.            Representations and Warranties . The Owner hereby represents and warrants to the Mortgagee that:
3.1            Corporate Existence . the Owner is a corporation duly incorporated, validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the Republic of the Marshall Islands with its
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registered agent's address at Trust Company Complex, Ajeltake Road, Ajeltake Island, Majuro, Marshall Islands MH96960;
3.2            No Encumbrances . the Owner lawfully owns the whole of the Vessel free from any security interest, debt, lien, mortgage, charge, encumbrance or other adverse interest, other than the encumbrance of this Mortgage and except as permitted by Section 5.13 hereof and the Vessel is not under arrest or in the possession of any person (other than her master and crew) who may be entitled to assert a maritime or possessory lien on her;
3.3            Vessel Seaworthy . the Vessel is tight, staunch and strong and well and sufficiently tackled, appareled, furnished and equipped and in all respects seaworthy;
3.4            Filings . it is not necessary to ensure the legality, validity, enforceability or admissibility in evidence of this Mortgage that it be filed, recorded or enrolled with any governmental authority or agency or stamped with any stamp or similar transaction tax, except for its registration with the Office of the Maritime Administrator of the Marshall Islands;
3.5            Insurances . the Vessel is classed and insured in accordance with the requirements of the Credit Agreement and this Mortgage; and
3.6            Security Interests . this Mortgage creates those security interests it purports to create and is not liable to be amended or otherwise set aside on the liquidation or administration of the Owner or otherwise.
SECTION 4.            Certain Covenants .
4.1            Payment of Secured Obligations . The Owner hereby covenants and agrees to pay the Secured Obligations when due to the Mortgagee or its successors or assigns in the manner provided for in the Credit Agreement and the other Loan Documents.
4.2            Covenants Regarding Security Granted Hereunder . It is declared and agreed that:
(a)            Continuing Security . The security created by this Mortgage shall be held by the Mortgagee as a continuing security for the payment of the Secured Obligations and that the security so created shall not be satisfied by any intermediate payment or satisfaction of any part of the amount hereby secured.
(b)            Settlement Conditional . Any settlement or discharge under this Mortgage between the Mortgagee and the Owner shall be conditional upon no security or payment to the Mortgagee or the other Creditors, related to or which reduces the obligations secured hereby, by the Owner or any other Person being avoided or set-aside or ordered to be refunded or reduced by virtue of any provision or enactment relating to bankruptcy, insolvency or liquidation for the time being in force, and if such condition is not satisfied, the Mortgagee shall be entitled to recover from the Owner on demand the value of such security or the amount of any such payment as if such settlement or discharge had not occurred.
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(c)            Rights Not Affected . The rights of the Mortgagee under this Mortgage and the security hereby constituted shall not be affected by any act, omission, matter or thing which, but for this provision, might operate to impair, affect or discharge such rights and security, including without limitation, and whether or not known to or discoverable by the Owner, the Mortgagee or any other Person:
(i)            any time or waiver granted to, or composition with, the Owner or any other Person; or
(ii)            the taking, variation, compromise, renewal or release of or refusal or neglect to perfect or enforce any rights, remedies or securities against the Owner or any other Person; or
(iii)            any legal limitation, lack of power, authority or legal personality or change in the members or status, disability, dissolution, incapacity or other circumstances relating to the Owner or any other Person; or
(iv)            any amendment or supplement to the Credit Agreement or any of the other Loan Documents; or
(v)            the unenforceability, invalidity or frustration of any obligations of the Owner or any other Person under the Credit Agreement or any of the other Loan Documents; or
(vi)            any release of any Person under the terms of any composition or arrangement.
(d)            No Security Received by Owner . The Owner acknowledges and agrees that it has not received any security from any Person for the granting of this Mortgage and it will not take any such security without the prior written consent of the Mortgagee, and the Owner will hold any security taken in breach of this provision in trust for the Mortgagee.
(e)            No Right of Contribution, Set-Off, Etc . Until the Secured Obligations have been unconditionally and irrevocably paid and discharged in full to the satisfaction of the Mortgagee, the Owner shall not by virtue of any payment made under the Credit Agreement, this Mortgage, or any other Loan Document on account of such moneys and liabilities or by virtue of any enforcement by the Mortgagee of its right under or the security constituted by this Mortgage:
(i)            be entitled to exercise any right of contribution or indemnity from any co-surety liable in respect of such moneys and liabilities under any other guarantee, security or agreement; or
(ii)            exercise any right of set-off or counterclaim against any such co-surety; or
(iii)            receive, claim or have the benefit of any payment, distribution, security or indemnity from any such co-surety; or
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(iv)            unless so directed by the Mortgagee (which the Owner shall prove in accordance with such directions), claim as a creditor of any such co-surety in competition with the Mortgagee (or any trustee or agent on its behalf).
The Owner shall hold in trust for the Mortgagee and forthwith pay or transfer (as appropriate) to the Mortgagee any such payment (including an amount equal to any such set-off), distribution or benefit of such security, indemnity or claim in fact received by it.
(f)            Rights of Subrogation Subordinated . The Owner hereby irrevocably subordinates all of its rights of subrogation (whether contractual, statutory, under common law or otherwise) to the claims of the Mortgagee against any Person and all contractual, statutory or common law rights of contribution, reimbursement indemnification and similar rights and claims against any Person which arise in connection with, or as a result of, the Credit Agreement, this Mortgage, any agreement the obligations under which constitute Secured Hedging Obligations or Secured Cash Management Obligations or any other Loan Document until full and final payment of all of the Secured Obligations.
SECTION 5.            Affirmative Covenants and Insurances . The Owner further covenants with the Mortgagee and undertakes at all times throughout the Security Period:
5.1            Corporate Existence .
(a)            to maintain its existence as a corporation under the laws of the Republic of the Marshall Islands;
(b)            to remain in good standing under the laws of the Republic of the Marshall Islands; and
(c)            to maintain a registered office as required by the laws of the Republic of the Marshall Islands;
5.2            Insurances . to insure and keep the Vessel insured or cause or procure the Vessel to be insured and to be kept insured (including renewals thereof) as provided in and as require by the Credit Agreement, including, without limitation Section 7.01 of the Credit Agreement;
5.3            Vessel Maintenance . (a) to keep and to cause to be kept the Vessel in a good and efficient state of repair, seaworthy and in efficient operating condition so as to maintain her present class with its Classification Society (free of all overdue requirements and overdue recommendations of the Classification Society) and so as to comply with the provisions of all laws, regulations and requirements (statutory or otherwise) from time to time applicable to vessels registered under the laws of the Republic of the Marshall Islands, (b) to procure that the Vessel's Classification Society make available to the Mortgagee, upon its request, such information and documents in respect of the Vessel as are maintained in the records of such Classification Society, (c) to procure that all repairs to or replacements of any damaged, worn or lost parts or equipment be effected in such manner (both as regards workmanship and quality of materials) as not to diminish the value of the Vessel, (d) to not remove any material part of the Vessel, any part or any other material item of equipment installed on the Vessel unless the part or
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item so removed is forthwith replaced by a suitable part or item which is in the same condition as or better condition than the part or item removed, is free from any security interest or encumbrance (other than a Permitted Collateral Lien), and becomes on installation on the Vessel the property of the Owner and subject to the security interest granted hereunder; provided that, for the avoidance of doubt, the Owner may install and remove equipment owned by a third party if the equipment can be removed without any risk of damage to the Vessel and does not affect the class or flag of the Vessel and (e) without limiting the foregoing, to not, without the prior written consent of the Mortgagee (such consent not to be unreasonably withheld), cause or permit to be made any substantial change in the structure, machinery, equipment, control systems, type or performance characteristics of the Vessel other than modifications required by the Classification Society or applicable law;
5.4            Surveys . to submit or to cause the Vessel to be submitted on a timely basis to such periodic or other surveys as may be required for classification purposes and, if requested by the Mortgagee, to supply or to cause to be supplied to the Mortgagee copies of all survey and inspection reports and confirmations of class issued in respect thereof;
5.5            Permitted Access to Vessel . to permit the Mortgagee, by surveyors or other Persons appointed by it on its behalf, to board the Vessel at all reasonable times for the purpose of inspecting her condition or for the purpose of satisfying themselves in regard to proposed or executed repairs and to afford or to cause to be afforded all proper facilities for such inspections, provided that such inspections will cause no undue delay to the Vessel;
5.6            Payment of Debts; Release from Arrest .
(a)            to pay and discharge or to cause to be paid and discharged all debts, damages and liabilities whatsoever which have given or may give rise to maritime or possessory liens on or claims enforceable against the Vessel except to the extent permitted by Section 5.13 hereof;
(b)            to pay and discharge or to cause to be paid and discharged when due all dues, taxes, assessments, governmental charges, fines, penalties and other obligations and liabilities lawfully imposed on or in respect of the Vessel except those that are being disputed in good faith by appropriate proceedings (and for the payment of which adequate reserves are at the relevant time maintained or provided in accordance with the requirements in the Credit Agreement or for which indemnity or liability insurance cover for at least the full amount in dispute has been obtained by the Owner from underwriters or insurance companies approved by the Mortgagee) and provided that the continued existence of such dues, taxes, assessments, governmental charges, fines or penalties, obligations or liabilities does not give rise to any reasonable degree of likelihood that the Vessel would be liable to arrest, requisition, confiscation, forfeiture, seizure, destruction or condemnation as prize;
5.7            No Illicit Activities or Goods . not to employ the Vessel or suffer her employment in any trade or business which is forbidden by any applicable laws or is otherwise illicit or in carrying illicit or prohibited goods or in any manner whatsoever which may render her liable to condemnation or to destruction, seizure or confiscation and in event of hostilities in any part of the world (whether war be declared or not), not to employ the Vessel or suffer her
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employment in carrying any contraband goods or to enter or trade to any zone which is declared a war zone by any government or by the Vessel's War Risks insurers or in which her safety may be imperiled by exposure to terrorism unless the required extra War Risk insurance cover has been obtained for the Vessel and not to charter the Vessel with any foreign country or national of any foreign country which is the subject of sanctions imposed by the United Nations or is specified by legislation or regulations of the Republic of the Marshall Islands such that, if the Earnings or any part of the Earnings were derived from such charter, that fact would render any Loan Document or the security conferred by this Mortgage or the other Loan Documents, unlawful;
5.8            Information Regarding Vessel Employment . to promptly furnish or to use its best efforts to cause promptly to be furnished to the Mortgagee all such information as the Mortgagee may from time to time reasonably request regarding the Vessel, her employment, position and engagements, and copies of all charters and other contracts for her employment or otherwise howsoever pertaining to the Vessel;
5.9            Notification of Significant Events . to promptly after learning of the same to notify or cause to be notified the Mortgagee (who shall then notify or cause to be notified the Creditors) forthwith in writing of:
(a)            any accident to the Vessel or onboard the Vessel involving repairs the cost whereof will or is likely to exceed Five Million Dollars ($5,000,000) (or the equivalent in any other currency);
(b)            any occurrence of an Event of Loss;
(c)            any material requirement or recommendation made by any insurer or Classification Society or by any competent authority which is not complied with in accordance with reasonable commercial practices or if the Classification Society or any such competent authority refuses to issue any trading certification;
(d)            any levy or other distress on the Vessel or the arrest of the Vessel or the exercise or purported exercise of any lien on the Vessel or her Earnings;
(e)            any occurrence of circumstances forming the basis of an Environmental Claim;
(f)            any material breach of the ISM Code or ISPS Code being made in connection with the Vessel or its operation; and
(g)            the detention of the Vessel by any port, governmental or quasi-governmental authority.
5.10            Vessel's Accounts . to keep or to cause to be kept proper books of account of the Owner in respect of the Vessel and her Earnings and, if requested by the Mortgagee, to make or to cause to be made such books available for inspection on behalf of the Mortgagee and furnish or cause to be furnished satisfactory evidence that the wages and allotments and the insurance and pension contributions of the Master and crew are being regularly paid and that all
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deductions from crew's wages in respect of any tax liability are being properly accounted for and that the Master has no claim for disbursements other than those incurred by him in the ordinary course of trading on the voyage then in progress;
5.11            Requisition Compensation . to assign and provide that Requisition Compensation is applied in accordance with Section 8 hereof as if received in respect of the sale of the Vessel;
5.12            Vessel Registration . to keep the Vessel duly registered and flagged under the laws and regulations of the Republic of the Marshall Islands;
5.13            No Encumbrances . to keep and to cause the Vessel to be kept free and clear of all liens, charges, mortgages and encumbrances except in favor of the Mortgagee and except for Permitted Collateral Liens, and not, except in favor of the Mortgagee and except for Permitted Collateral Liens, to pledge, charge, assign or otherwise encumber (in favor of any Person other than the Mortgagee) her Insurances, Earnings or Requisition Compensation or to suffer the creation of any such pledge, charge, assignment or encumbrance as aforesaid to or in favor of any Person other than the Mortgagee and except for Permitted Collateral Liens;
5.14            No Sale of Vessel . not to sell, abandon or otherwise dispose of the Vessel or any interest therein, except as permitted by the Credit Agreement;
5.15            Payment of Enforcement Expenses . to pay promptly to the Mortgagee all moneys (including reasonable fees of counsel) whatsoever which the Mortgagee shall or may expend, be put to or become liable for, in or about the protection, maintenance or enforcement of the security created by this Mortgage or in or about the exercise by the Mortgagee of any of the powers vested in it hereunder and to pay interest thereon at the rate set forth in the Credit Agreement from the date whereon such expense or liability was incurred by the Mortgagee;
5.16            Perfection of Mortgage . to comply with and satisfy all the requisites and formalities established by the laws of the Republic of the Marshall Islands to perfect this Mortgage as a legal, valid and enforceable first preferred lien upon the Vessel and to furnish to the Mortgagee from time to time such proof as the Mortgagee may request with respect to the compliance by the Owner with the provisions of this Section 5.16;
5.17            Notice of Mortgage . to place or to cause to be placed and at all times and places to retain or to cause to be retained a copy of this Mortgage on board the Vessel with her papers and cause this Mortgage to be exhibited to any and all Persons having business with the Vessel which might give rise to any lien thereon other than liens for crew's wages and salvage, and to any representative of the Mortgagee on demand; and to place and keep or to cause to be placed and kept prominently displayed in the chart room and in the Master's cabin of the Vessel a framed printed notice in plain type in English of such size that the paragraph of reading matter shall cover a space not less than six inches wide by nine inches high, reading as follows:
" NOTICE OF MORTGAGE
This Vessel is owned by Solana Holding Ltd., and is subject to a first preferred mortgage (the "First Mortgage") in favor of Credit Suisse AG, Cayman Islands, as
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security trustee, under the authority of Chapter 3 of the Maritime Act 1990 of the Republic of the Marshall Islands, as amended. Under the terms of the said First Mortgage, neither the Owner nor any charterer nor the Master of this Vessel nor any other Person has any power, right or authority whatever to create, incur or permit to be imposed upon this Vessel any lien or encumbrance except for crew's wages and salvage."; and
5.18            Compliance with ISM Code and ISPS Code . to procure that the operator of the Vessel will comply with and ensure that the Vessel will comply with the requirements of the ISM Code and ISPS Code.
SECTION 6.            Mortgagee's Right to Cure . Without prejudice to any other rights of the Mortgagee hereunder:
6.1            Maintenance of Insurances . in the event that the provisions of Section 5.2 hereof or any of them shall not be complied with, the Mortgagee shall be at liberty, but not obligated, to effect and thereafter to replace, maintain and renew all such Insurances upon the Vessel;
6.2            Repairs and Surveys . in the event that the provisions of Section 5.3 and/or 5.4 hereof or any of them shall not be complied with, the Mortgagee shall be at liberty, but not obligated, to arrange for the carrying out of such repairs and/or surveys; and
6.3            Discharge of Debts; Release of Vessel . in the event that the provisions of Section 5.6 hereof or any of them shall not be complied with, the Mortgagee shall be at liberty, but not obligated, to pay and discharge all such debts, damages and liabilities as are therein mentioned and/or to take any such measures necessary for the purpose of securing the release of the Vessel.
Any and all expenses incurred by the Mortgagee (including fees of counsel) in respect of its performances under the foregoing subsections 6.1, 6.2 and 6.3 shall be paid by the Owner on demand, with interest thereon at the rate set forth in the Credit Agreement from the date when such expenses were incurred by the Mortgagee.
SECTION 7.            Events of Default and Remedies .
7.1            Events of Default . Each of the following events or circumstances shall constitute and be defined as an "Event of Default":
(a)            a default in the payment when due of all or any part of the Secured Obligations;
(b)            an Event of Default (as defined in the Credit Agreement) stipulated in Section 8(a) of the Credit Agreement;
(c)            a default by the Owner occurs in the due and punctual observance of any of the covenants contained in subsections 5.1 or 5.2 of this Mortgage and such default continues unremedied for a period of thirty (30) days; or
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(d)            it becomes impossible or unlawful for the Owner to fulfill any of the covenants and obligations contained in this Mortgage and the Mortgagee determines that such impossibility or illegality will have a material adverse effect on its rights under this Mortgage or the enforcement thereof.
7.2            Remedies . If an Event of Default shall occur and be continuing and after a notice has been served under Section 8(b) of the Credit Agreement, the Mortgagee shall be entitled to exercise all or any of the following rights, powers, discretions and remedies vested in the Mortgagee by this Section 7.2 without any requirement for any court order:
(a)            to demand payment by written notice of the Secured Obligations, whereupon such payment shall be immediately due and payable, anything contained in the Credit Agreement, the Notes (if any), this Mortgage or any of the other Loan Documents to the contrary notwithstanding and without prejudice to any other rights and remedies of the Mortgagee under the Credit Agreement, the Notes (if any), this Mortgage or any of the other Loan Documents, provided, however, that if, before any sale of the Vessel, all defaults shall have been remedied in a manner satisfactory to the Mortgagee, the Mortgagee may waive such defaults by written notice to the Owner; but no such waiver shall extend to or affect any subsequent or other default or impair any rights and remedies consequent thereon;
(b)            at any time and as often as may be necessary to take any such action as the Mortgagee may in its discretion deem advisable for the purpose of protecting the security created by this Mortgage and each and every expense or liability (including reasonable fees of counsel) so incurred by the Mortgagee in or about the protection of such security shall be repayable to it by the Owner promptly after demand, together with interest thereon at the rate set forth in the Credit Agreement from the date when such expense or liability was incurred by the Mortgagee. The Owner shall promptly execute and deliver to the Mortgagee such documents or cause promptly to be executed and delivered to the Mortgagee such documents, if any, and shall promptly do and perform such acts, if any, as in the opinion of the Mortgagee or its counsel may be necessary or advisable to facilitate or expedite the protection, maintenance and enforcement of the security created by this Mortgage;
(c)            to exercise all the rights and remedies in foreclosure and otherwise given to the Mortgagee by any applicable law, including those under the provisions of the Maritime Law;
(d)            to take possession of the Vessel, wherever the same may be, without prior demand and without legal process (when permissible under applicable law) and cause the Owner or other Person in possession thereof forthwith upon demand of the Mortgagee to surrender to the Mortgagee possession thereof as demanded by the Mortgagee;
(e)            to require that all policies, contracts and other records relating to the Insurances (including details of and correspondence concerning outstanding claims) be forthwith delivered to such adjusters, brokers or other insurers as the Mortgagee may nominate;
(f)            to collect, recover, compromise and give a good discharge for all claims then outstanding or thereafter arising under the Insurances or any of them and to take over
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or institute (if necessary using the name of the Owner) all such proceedings in connection therewith as the Mortgagee in its absolute discretion deems advisable and to permit the brokers through whom collection or recovery is effected to charge the usual brokerage therefor;
(g)            to discharge, compound, release or compromise claims against the Owner in respect of the Vessel which have given or may give rise to any charge or lien thereon or which are or may be enforceable by proceedings thereagainst;
(h)            to take appropriate judicial proceedings for the foreclosure of this Mortgage and/or for the enforcement of the Mortgagee's rights hereunder or otherwise, recover judgment for any amount due in respect of the Credit Agreement, the Notes (if any), this Mortgage or any of the other Loan Documents and collect the same out of any property of the Owner;
(i)            to sell the Vessel at public auction, free from any claim of or by the Owner of any nature whatsoever by first giving notice of the time and place of sale with a general description of the property in the following manner:
(i)            by publishing such notice for ten (10) consecutive days in a daily newspaper of general circulation published in New York City;
(ii)            if the place of sale should not be New York City, then also by publication of a similar notice in a daily newspaper, if any, published at the place of sale; and
(iii)            by sending a similar notice by facsimile confirmed by registered mail to the Owner at its address hereinafter set forth at least fourteen (14) days prior to the date of sale.
Such sale of the Vessel may be held at such place as the Mortgagee in such notices may have specified, or such sale may be adjourned by the Mortgagee from time to time by announcement at the time and place appointed for such sale or for such adjourned sale and without further notice or publication the Mortgagee may make such sale at the time and place to which the same shall be so adjourned; and such sale may be conducted without bringing the Vessel to the place designated for such sale and in such manner as the Mortgagee may deem to be for its best advantage, and the Mortgagee may become the purchaser at such sale;
(j)            pending sale of the Vessel (either directly or indirectly) to manage, charter, lease, insure, maintain and repair the Vessel and to employ or lay up the Vessel upon such terms, in such manner and for such period as the Mortgagee in its absolute discretion deems expedient and for the purpose aforesaid the Mortgagee shall be entitled to do all acts and things incidental or conducive thereto and in particular to enter into such arrangements respecting the Vessel, her insurance, management, maintenance, repair, classification and employment in all respects as if the Mortgagee were the owner of the Vessel and without being responsible for any loss thereby incurred;
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(k)            to recover from the Owner on demand any such losses as may be incurred by the Mortgagee in or about the exercise of the powers vested in the Mortgagee under Section 7.2(j) above with interest thereon at the rate set forth in the Credit Agreement from the date when such losses were incurred by the Mortgagee;
(l) to recover from the Owner on demand all expenses, payments and disbursements (including fees and expenses of counsel) incurred by the Mortgagee in or about or incidental to the exercise by it of any of the powers vested in it hereunder together with interest thereon at the rate set forth in the Credit Agreement from the date when such expenses, payments or disbursements were incurred by it;
(m)            to discharge the master and crew of the Vessel and employ a new master and crew; and
(n)            to employ agents, servants and others on such terms as the Mortgagee may in its discretion determine;
PROVIDED, ALWAYS, that (a) any sale of the Vessel or any interest therein by the Mortgagee pursuant to Section 7.2(i) above shall operate to divest all right, title and interest of the Owner, its successors and assigns, in or to the Vessel so sold and upon such sale the purchaser shall not be bound to see or inquire whether the Mortgagee's power of sale has arisen in the manner herein provided and the sale shall be deemed to be within the power of the Mortgagee and the receipt of the Mortgagee for the purchase money shall effectively discharge the purchaser who shall not be concerned with the manner of application of the proceeds of sale or be in any way answerable therefor and (b) neither the Mortgagee (nor any receiver, agent or trustee of the Mortgagee) will, in the absence of gross negligence or willful misconduct (as determined by a court of competent jurisdiction in a final and non-appealable judgment), be liable, by reason of entering into possession of the Vessel, to account as mortgagee in possession or for any loss on realization or for any default or omission for which a mortgagee in possession might be liable.
If at any time after an Event of Default and prior to the actual sale of the Vessel by the Mortgagee pursuant to Section 7.2(i) above or prior to any foreclosure proceedings, the Owner cures all defaults and pays all expenses, advances and damages to the Mortgagee consequent on such Event of Default, with interest for each day at a rate per annum equal to the rate applicable to overdue amounts set forth in Section 2.06(b)(ii) of the Credit Agreement, then the Mortgagee may accept such cure and payment and restore the Owner to its former position, but such action shall not affect any subsequent default or impair any rights consequent thereon.
In case the Mortgagee shall have proceeded to enforce any right, power or remedy under this Mortgage by foreclosure, entry or otherwise, and such proceedings shall have been discontinued or abandoned for any reason or shall have been determined adversely to the Mortgagee, then and in every such case the Owner and the Mortgagee shall be restored to their former positions and rights hereunder with respect to the property, subject or intended to be subject to this Mortgage, and all rights, remedies and powers of the Mortgagee shall continue as if no such proceedings had been taken.
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The Mortgagee's right to exercise those rights, powers, discretions and remedies set forth in this Section shall be in addition to and without prejudice to all other rights, powers, discretions and remedies to which it may be entitled, whether by statute or otherwise including, without limitation, those conferred on the Mortgagee by Title 47, Chapter 3 of the Maritime Act 1990 of the Republic of the Marshall Islands (as amended). The Mortgagee shall be entitled to exercise its rights, powers, discretions and remedies whether or not any previous default shall have been waived, and in particular without the limitations imposed by the law of any relevant jurisdiction.
SECTION 8.            Application of Proceeds . The proceeds of any sale made either under the power of sale hereby granted to the Mortgagee or under a judgment or decree in any judicial proceedings for the foreclosure of this Mortgage or for the enforcement of any remedy granted to the Mortgagee hereunder, any net earnings arising from the management, charter or other use of the Vessel by the Mortgagee under any of the powers herein contained or by law provided and the proceeds of any and all Insurances and any claims for damages on account of the Vessel or the Owner of any nature whatsoever and any Requisition Compensation, shall be applied in accordance with the terms of the Credit Agreement.
SECTION 9.            Indemnity . Without prejudice to any other rights and remedies of the Mortgagee under the Credit Agreement, this Mortgage or any of the other Loan Documents, the Owner hereby agrees and undertakes to indemnify the Mortgagee against all obligations and liabilities whatsoever and whensoever arising which the Mortgagee may incur in good faith in respect of, in relation to or in connection with the Vessel or otherwise howsoever in relation to or in connection with the enforcement of the Mortgagee's rights hereunder or under any of the other Loan Documents to which the Owner is a party.
SECTION 10.            Power of Attorney .
10.1            Mortgagee as Attorney-in-Fact . The Owner hereby irrevocably appoints the Mortgagee as its attorney-in-fact for the duration of the Security Period to do in its name or in the name of the Owner all acts which the Owner, or its successors or assigns, could do in relation to the Vessel, including without limitation, to demand, collect, receive, compromise, settle and sue for (insofar as the Mortgagee lawfully may) all freights, hire, earnings, issues, revenues, income and profits of the Vessel, and all amounts due from underwriters under the Insurances as payment of losses or as return premiums or otherwise, salvage awards and recoveries, recoveries in general average or otherwise, and all other sums due or to become due to the Owner or in respect of the Vessel, and to make, give and execute in the name of the Owner, acquittance, receipts, releases or other discharges for the same, whether under seal or otherwise, to take possession of, sell or otherwise dispose of or manage or employ, the Vessel, to execute and deliver charters and a bill of sale with respect to the Vessel, and to endorse and accept in the name of the Owner all checks, notes, drafts, warrants, agreements and all other instruments in writing with respect to the foregoing; PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that, unless the context otherwise permits under this Mortgage, such power shall not be exercisable by or on behalf of the Mortgagee unless and until any Event of Default shall occur and be continuing and shall not be exercisable after all defaults have been cured.
10.2            Exercise of Power Conclusive of Right . The exercise of the power granted in this Section 10 by or on behalf of the Mortgagee shall not require any Person dealing with the
15


Mortgagee to conduct any inquiry as to whether any such Event of Default has occurred and is continuing, nor shall such Person be in any way affected by notice that any such Event of Default has not occurred nor is continuing, and the exercise by the Mortgagee of such power shall be conclusive evidence of its right to exercise the same.
SECTION 11.            Appointment of Receiver . If any legal proceedings shall be taken to enforce any right under this Mortgage, the Mortgagee shall be entitled as a matter of right to the appointment of a receiver of the Vessel and of the freights, hire, earnings, issues, revenues, income and profits due or to become due and arising from the operation thereof.
SECTION 12.            Commencement of Proceedings . The Mortgagee shall have the right to commence proceedings in the courts of any country having competent jurisdiction and in particular the Mortgagee shall have the right to arrest and take action against the Vessel at whatever place the Vessel shall be found lying and for the purpose of any action which the Mortgagee may bring before the local court for the jurisdiction of such court or other judicial authority and the Owner agrees that for the purpose of proceedings against the Vessel any writ, notice, judgment or other legal process or documents may be served upon the Master of the Vessel (or upon anyone acting as the Master) and that such service shall be deemed good service on the Owner for all purposes.
SECTION 13.            Rights of Owner . Unless one or more Events of Default shall have occurred and be continuing and subject to the terms of the Credit Agreement and the other Loan Documents, the Owner (a) shall be suffered and permitted to retain actual possession and use of the Vessel and (b) shall have the right, from time to time in its discretion, and without application to the Mortgagee, and without obtaining a release thereof by the Mortgagee, to dispose of, free from the lien hereof, any boilers, engines, machinery, masts, spars, sails, rigging, boats, anchors, cables, chains, tackle, apparel, furniture, fittings, equipment or any other appurtenances of the Vessel that are no longer useful, necessary, profitable or advantageous in the operation of the Vessel, first or simultaneously replacing the same by new boilers, engines, machinery, masts, spars, sails, rigging, boats, anchors, cables, chains, tackle, apparel, furniture, fittings, equipment or any other appurtenances of substantially equal value to the Owner, which shall forthwith become subject to the lien of this Mortgage.
SECTION 14.            Recordation of Mortgage . For the purpose of recording this First Preferred Mortgage as required by the Maritime Law, the total amount is Four Hundred and Eighty Million United States Dollars ($480,000,000), plus interest, expenses, fees and performance of mortgage covenants. The discharge amount is the same as the total amount. The date of maturity is on demand. It is not intended that this Mortgage shall include property other than the Vessel and it shall not include property other than the Vessel as the term "vessel" is used in the Maritime Law. Notwithstanding the foregoing, for property other than the Vessel, if any should be determined to be covered by this Mortgage, the discharge amount is zero point zero one percent (0.01%) of the total amount.
SECTION 15.            No Waiver of Preferred Status . Anything herein to the contrary notwithstanding, it is intended that nothing herein shall waive the preferred status of this Mortgage under the Maritime Law or under the corresponding provisions of any other jurisdiction in which it is sought to be enforced and that, if any provision or portion thereof
16


herein shall be construed to waive the preferred status of this Mortgage, then such provision to such extent shall be void and of no effect.
SECTION 16.            Miscellaneous .
16.1            Further Assurances . The Owner agrees that if this Mortgage shall, in the reasonable opinion of the Mortgagee, at any time be deemed by the Mortgagee, for any reason, insufficient in whole or in part to carry out the true intent and spirit hereof, it shall execute or cause to be executed such other documents or deliver or cause to be delivered such further assurances as in the opinion of the Mortgagee may be required in order to more effectively accomplish the purposes of this Mortgage including, without limitation, an alternative assignment or such other alternative security as the Mortgagee shall require.
16.2            Remedies Cumulative and Not Exclusive; No Waiver . Each and every right, power and remedy herein given to the Mortgagee shall be cumulative and shall be in addition to every other right, power and remedy of the Mortgagee now or hereafter existing at law, in equity or by statute, and each and every right, power and remedy, whether herein given or otherwise existing, may be exercised from time to time, in whole or in part, and as often and in such order as may be deemed expedient by the Mortgagee, and the exercise or the beginning of the exercise of any right, power or remedy shall not be construed to be a waiver of the right to exercise at the same time or thereafter any other right, power or remedy. No failure, delay or omission by the Mortgagee or any of the Creditors in the exercise of any right or power or in the pursuance of any remedy accruing upon any breach or default by the Owner shall impair any such right, power or remedy or be construed to be a waiver of any such right, power or remedy or to be an acquiescence therein; nor shall the acceptance by the Mortgagee or any of the Creditors of any security or of any payment of or on account of any of the amounts due from the Owner to the Mortgagee and maturing after any breach or default or of any payment on account of any past breach or default be construed to be a waiver of any right with respect to any future breach or default or of any past breach or default not completely cured thereby.
16.3            Successors and Assigns . This Mortgage and all obligations of the Owner hereunder shall be binding upon the successors and assigns of the Owner and shall, together with the rights and remedies of the Mortgagee hereunder, inure to the benefit of the Mortgagee, its respective successors and assigns. The Owner shall not be entitled to assign or transfer its rights or obligations under this Mortgage.
16.4            Delegation of Power . The Mortgagee shall be entitled at any time and as often as may be expedient to delegate all or any of the powers and discretions vested in it by this Mortgage (including the power vested in it by virtue of Section 10 hereof) in such manner and upon such terms and to such Persons as the Mortgagee in its absolute discretion may deem advisable.
16.5            Waiver; Amendment . None of the terms and conditions of this Mortgage may be changed, waived, modified or varied in any manner whatsoever unless in writing duly signed by the Owner and the Mortgagee.
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16.6            Invalidity . If any provision of this Mortgage shall at any time, for any reason, be declared invalid, void or otherwise inoperative by a court of competent jurisdiction, such declaration or decision shall not affect the validity of any other provision or provisions of this Mortgage, or the validity of this Mortgage as a whole and, to the fullest extent permitted by law, the other provisions hereof shall remain in full force and effect in such jurisdiction and shall be liberally construed in favor of the Mortgagee in order to carry out the intentions of the parties hereto as nearly as may be possible. The invalidity and unenforceability of any provision hereof in any jurisdiction shall not affect the validity or enforceability of such provision in any other jurisdiction.
16.7            Notices . All notices, requests, demands and other communications to any party hereunder shall be in writing (including prepaid overnight courier, facsimile transmission, electronic transmission or similar writing) and shall be given to such party at the address, facsimile number or email address set forth below or at such other address or facsimile numbers as such party may hereafter specify for the purpose by notice to each other party hereto. Any notice sent by facsimile or electronic transmission shall be confirmed by letter dispatched as soon as practicable thereafter.
If to the Owner:
 
 
Solana Holding Ltd.
97 poseidonos ave. & foivis 2 str.
16674, Glyfada
Athens, Greece
E-Mail: finance@dynagasparnters.com
Telephone No.: +30 210 8917960
Attention: Dynagas LNG Partners - Finance
   
If to the Mortgagee:
 
 
Credit Suisse AG, Cayman Islands,
as Administrative Agent, Collateral Agent,
Security Trustee and Mortgagee
11 Madison Avenue, 9 th Floor
New York, NY 10010
Facsimile No.: (212) 325-8315
Telephone No.: (212)-538-3525
Email: list.ops-collateral@credit-suisse.com
Attention: Loan Operations - Boutique Management


Every notice or other communication shall, except so far as otherwise expressly provided by this Mortgage, be deemed to have been received (provided that it is received prior to 2 p.m. local time; otherwise it shall be deemed to have been received on the next following Business Day) (i) if given by facsimile or electronic transmission, on the date of dispatch thereof (provided further that if the date of dispatch is not a Business Day in the locality of the party to whom such notice or demand is sent, it shall be deemed to have been received on the next following Business Day in such locality) or (ii) if given by mail, prepaid overnight courier or any other means, when received at the address specified in this Section or when delivery at such address is refused.
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16.8            References . References herein to Sections, Exhibits and Schedules are to be construed as references to sections of, exhibits to, and schedules to, this Mortgage, unless the context otherwise requires.
16.9            Headings . In this Mortgage, Section headings are inserted for convenience of reference only and shall not be taken into account in the interpretation of this Mortgage.
16.10            Termination . If the Owner shall pay and discharge all of Loan Document Obligations or is otherwise released from its obligations under the Credit Agreement and other Loan Documents in accordance with the terms thereof, all of the right, title and interest herein assigned all revert to the Owner and this Mortgage shall terminate.
SECTION 17.            Applicable Law, Jurisdiction and Waivers .
17.1            Governing Law . This Mortgage shall be governed by, and construed in accordance with, the laws of the Republic of the Marshall Islands.
17.2            Submission to Jurisdiction . The Owner hereby irrevocably submits to the exclusive jurisdiction of the courts of the State of New York and of the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York in any action or proceeding brought against it by the Mortgagee under this Mortgage or under any document delivered hereunder and hereby irrevocably agrees that valid service of summons or other legal process on it may be effected by serving a copy of the summons and other legal process in any such action or proceeding on the Owner by mailing or delivering the same by hand to the Owner at the address indicated for notices in this Mortgage. The service, as herein provided, of such summons or other legal process in any such action or proceeding shall be deemed personal service and accepted by the Owner as such, and shall be legal and binding upon the Owner for all the purposes of any such action or proceeding. Final judgment (a certified or exemplified copy of which shall be conclusive evidence of the fact and of the amount of any indebtedness of the Owner to the Mortgagee) against the Owner in any such legal action or proceeding shall be conclusive and may be, notwithstanding the first sentence of this Section 17.2, enforced in other jurisdictions by suit on the judgment. The Owner shall advise the Mortgagee promptly of any change of address for the purpose of service of process. Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, the Mortgagee may bring any legal action or proceeding in any other appropriate jurisdiction and nothing shall affect the right of the Mortgagee to serve process in any other manner permitted by applicable law.
17.3            WAIVER OF IMMUNITY . TO THE EXTENT THAT THE OWNER HAS OR HEREAFTER MAY ACQUIRE ANY IMMUNITY FROM SUIT, JURISDICTION OF ANY COURT OR ANY LEGAL PROCESS (WHETHER THROUGH ATTACHMENT PRIOR TO JUDGMENT, ATTACHMENT IN AID OF EXECUTION, EXECUTION OF A JUDGMENT, OR FROM ANY OTHER LEGAL PROCESS OR REMEDY) WITH RESPECT TO ITSELF OR ITS PROPERTY, THE OWNER HEREBY IRREVOCABLY WAIVES SUCH IMMUNITY IN RESPECT OF ITS OBLIGATIONS UNDER THIS MORTGAGE.
17.4            WAIVER OF JURY TRIAL . EACH OF THE OWNER AND THE MORTGAGEE HEREBY WAIVES TRIAL BY JURY IN ANY ACTION, PROCEEDING OR
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COUNTERCLAIM BROUGHT BY ANY PARTY HERETO OR ANY BENEFICIARY HEREOF ON ANY MATTER WHATSOEVER ARISING OUT OF OR IN ANY WAY CONNECTED WITH THIS MORTGAGE. EACH PARTY HERETO (A) CERTIFIES THAT NO REPRESENTATIVE, AGENT OR ATTORNEY OF ANY OTHER PARTY HAS REPRESENTED, EXPRESSLY OR OTHERWISE, THAT SUCH OTHER PARTY WOULD NOT, IN THE EVENT OF LITIGATION, SEEK TO ENFORCE THE FOREGOING WAIVER AND (B) ACKNOWLEDGES THAT IT AND THE OTHER PARTIES HERETO HAVE BEN INDUCED TO ENTER INTO THIS AGREEMENT BY, AMONG OTHER THINGS, THE MUTUAL WAIVERS AND CERTIFICATIONS IN THIS SECTION 17.4.
[Signature page to follow]
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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Owner has caused this Mortgage to be executed on the day and year first above written.
 
Solana Holding Ltd.
   
   
 
By:
   
 
Name:
   
 
Title:
   
       





ACKNOWLEDGMENT OF MORTGAGE

Republic of Greece
)
 
 
:SS
 
City of Piraeus
)
 


On this 18 th day of May, 2017, before me personally appeared _________________________, to me known, who being by me duly sworn deposes and says that he resides at _________________________ , that he is the Attorney-in-Fact of Solana Holding Ltd., the corporation described in and which executed the foregoing instrument and that he signed his name thereto pursuant to authority from the Board of Directors of said corporation.
   
   
MARSHALL ISLANDS SPECIAL AGENT
 





EXHIBIT A
Credit Agreement



EXHIBIT B
Guarantee Agreement


 

 
EXHIBIT L
Form of Charter Assignments
See Attached


EXECUTION VERSION
Dated [ · ], 2017
[ · ]
as Owner
and
CREDIT SUISSE AG, CAYMAN ISLANDS BRANCH
as Security Trustee
CHARTERPARTY ASSIGNMENT
relating to m.v. "[ · ]"


CONTENTS
Clause
 
Page
1.
DEFINITIONS AND INTERPRETATION
3
2.
COVENANT TO PAY AND PERFORM
5
3.
ASSIGNMENT
5
4.
REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES
7
5.
COVENANTS
8
6.
PROTECTION OF SECURITY
11
7.
ENFORCEABILITY AND SECURITY TRUSTEE'S POWERS
11
8.
APPLICATION OF MONEYS
14
9.
FURTHER ASSURANCES
14
10.
POWER OF ATTORNEY
17
11.
INCORPORATION OF LOAN AGREEMENT PROVISIONS
18
12.
TRANSFER
18
13.
SUPPLEMENTAL
18
14.
LAW AND JURISDICTION
19
APPENDIX 1
22



THIS DEED is made on ______________________ 2017
PARTIES
(1)
[ · ], a corporation organised and existing under the laws of [ · ] whose registered office is at [ · ] (the "Owner"); and
(2)
CREDIT SUISSE AG, CAYMAN ISLANDS BRANCH , having its registered office at Eleven Madison Avenue, 9 th Floor, New York, New York 10010, as security trustee (the " Security Trustee " , which expression includes its successors and assigns).
BACKGROUND
(A)
By a credit agreement dated [ · ], 2017 (the " Loan Agreement ")   and made among (i) the Owner and others, as borrower subsidiary guarantors (the " Borrower Subsidiary Guarantors "),   (ii) Arctic LNG Carriers Ltd., as borrower (the " Borrower "),   and Dynagas Finance LLC (" Finco "   and together with the Borrower, the " Borrowers ")   and (iii) Credit Suisse AG, Cayman Islands Branch, as Administrative Agent and Collateral Agent, it was agreed that the Lenders would make available to the Borrowers a facility of up to US$480,000,000.
(B)
By the Loan Agreement, it was agreed that the Security Trustee would hold the Assigned Property on trust for the Lenders and the other Secured Parties.
(C)
It is one of the conditions precedent to the availability of the facility under the Loan Agreement that the Owner enters into this Deed as security for the Secured Obligations.
(D)
This Deed supplements the Loan Agreement and is a Charter Assignment as referred to in the Loan Agreement.
IT IS AGREED as follows:
1.
DEFINITIONS AND INTERPRETATION
1.1
Defined expressions
Capitalised words and expressions used in this Deed but not defined herein shall have the same meanings as in the Loan Agreement unless the context otherwise requires.
1.2
Definitions
In this Deed, unless the contrary intention appears:
" Assigned Contracts " means:
(a)
the Charter; and
(b)
the Charter Guarantee;
" Assigned Property "   means all rights and interests of every kind which the Owner now or at any later time has to, in or in connection with each of the Assigned Contracts or in relation to any matter arising out of or in connection with any Assigned Contract, including, but without in any way limiting the generality of the preceding words:


(a)
all rights and interests relating to hire or any other amount of any kind payable under the terms of any Assigned Contract;
(b)
all rights to have the Charterer take the Ship on charter pursuant to the Charter or to withdraw the Ship from the Charterer;
(c)
all rights to commence, conduct, defend, compromise or abandon any legal or arbitration proceedings relating to any Assigned Contract or to any matter arising out of or in connection with an Assigned Contract; and
(d)
all rights to damages, interest, costs or other sums payable under any judgment or order of any court, or any arbitration award, relating to any Assigned Contract or to any matter arising out of or in connection with an Assigned Contract;
" Charter "   means a time charter dated [ · ] and made between the Owner and the Charterer in respect of the Ship;
" Charterer "   means [ · ];
" Charter Guarantee "   means any guarantee made or to be made between the Owner and the Charter Guarantor in respect of the Charterer's obligations under the Charter;
" Charter Guarantor "   means any company who has granted or shall grant a guarantee in respect of the Charterer's obligations under the Charter;
" Loan Agreement "   means the loan agreement referred to in Recital (A), as may be amended, supplemented, varied, extended or replaced from time to time;
" Receiver "   means any receiver and/or manager (or joint receivers and/or managers) appointed under Clause 7.3;
" Security Period "   means the period beginning on the date of this Deed and ending on the date on which all of the Secured Obligations have been unconditionally and irrevocably paid and discharged in full; and
" Ship "   means the vessel "[ · ]" documented in the name of the Owner under the laws and flag of [ · ] under IMO Number [ · ] and includes any share or interest in that vessel and its engines, machinery, boats, tackle, outfit, spare gear, fuel, consumable or other stores, belongings and appurtenances whether on board or ashore and whether now owned or hereafter acquired.
1.3
[Reserved].
1.4
Application of construction and interpretation provisions of Loan Agreement
Clause 1.02 of the Loan Agreement applies, with any necessary modifications, to this Deed.
1.5
Inconsistency between Loan Agreement provisions and this Deed
This Deed shall be read together with the other Loan Documents, but in case of any conflict between the Loan Agreement and this Deed, the provisions of the Loan Agreement shall prevail.
4


1.6
Deed
The parties hereto intend that this document shall take effect as a deed notwithstanding that any party may only execute this document under hand.
1.7
Declaration of trust
(a)
The Security Trustee hereby accepts its appointment as agent and trustee by the Secured Parties and declares (and the Owner hereby acknowledges) that the Assigned Property is held by the Security Trustee as a trustee for and on behalf of the Secured Parties on the basis of the duties, obligations and responsibilities set out in the Loan Agreement.
(b)
Section 1 of the Trustee Act 2000 shall not apply to the duties of the Security Trustee in relation to the trusts created by this Deed or any other Loan Document.  In performing its duties, obligations and responsibilities, the Security Trustee shall be considered to be acting only in a mechanical and administrative capacity or as expressly provided in this Deed and the other Loan Documents.
(c)
In acting as trustee for the Secured Parties under this Deed, the Security Trustee shall be regarded as acting through its trustee division which shall be treated as a separate entity from any other of its divisions or departments.  Any information received by some other division or department of the Security Trustee may be treated as confidential and shall not be regarded as having been given to the Security Trustee's trustee division.
2.
COVENANT TO PAY AND PERFORM
2.1
Covenant to pay and perform
The Owner covenants with the Security Trustee:
(a)
to duly and punctually pay the Secured Obligations; and
(b)
to observe and perform all of the Owner's other obligations to the Security Trustee and the other Secured Parties or any of them under the Loan Documents;
provided that every payment which the Owner makes in accordance with the Guarantee Agreement shall pro tanto satisfy the Owner's liabilities under Clause 2.1(a).
3.
ASSIGNMENT
3.1
General
Each of the Liens created by this Deed is a continuing security for the due and punctual payment of the Secured Obligations and the observation and performance by the Owner of all of its obligations under Clause 2.1(b).
3.2
Assignment
The Owner, with full title guarantee, assigns to the Security Trustee absolutely (subject to a proviso for re-assignment on redemption) all rights and interests which now or at any later time it has to, in or in connection with, the Assigned Property.
5


Provided that, until the occurrence of an Event of Default that is continuing the Owner shall be entitled, subject to the other provisions of this Deed and the other Loan Documents, to exercise its rights under the Assigned Contracts and to receive all moneys paid under the Assigned Contracts.
3.3
Continuing security
This Deed shall remain in force until the end of the Security Period as a continuing security and, in particular:
(a)
the Liens created by Clause 3.2 shall not be satisfied by any intermediate payment or satisfaction of the Secured Obligations;
(b)
the Liens created by Clause 3.2, and the rights of the Security Trustee under this Deed, are only capable of being extinguished, limited or otherwise adversely affected by an express and specific term in a document signed by or on behalf of the Security Trustee;
(c)
no failure or delay by or on behalf of the Security Trustee to enforce or exercise a Lien created by Clause 3.2 or a right of the Security Trustee under this Deed, and no act, course of conduct, acquiescence or failure to act (or to prevent the Owner from taking certain action) which is inconsistent with such a Lien or such a right or with such a Lien being a fixed security shall preclude or estop the Security Trustee (either permanently or temporarily) from enforcing or exercising it or result in a Lien expressed to be a fixed security taking effect as a floating security; and
(d)
this Deed shall be additional to, and shall not in any way impair or be impaired by:
(i)
any other Lien whether in relation to property of the Owner or that of a third party (including any Borrower or other Guarantor); or
(ii)
any other right of recourse as against the Owner or any third party (including any Borrower or other Guarantor),
which the Security Trustee or any other Secured Party now or subsequently has in respect of any of the Secured Obligations.
3.4
No obligations imposed on Security Trustee
The Owner shall remain liable to perform all obligations connected with the Assigned Property and the Security Trustee shall not, in any circumstances, have or incur any obligation of any kind in connection with the Assigned Property.
3.5
Notice of assignment
Promptly after the execution of this Deed the Owner shall give to the Charterer and the Charter Guarantor (if any) notice of the assignments contained in Clause 3.2 in the forms set out in Appendix 1 and shall use commercially reasonable efforts to obtain from them signed acknowledgements in the forms set out in that Appendix.
3.6
Negative pledge; disposal of assets
6


The Owner shall not sell, create any Lien not exclusively securing the Secured Obligations over (except for Permitted Liens) or otherwise dispose of any Assigned Property or any right relating to any Assigned Property.
3.7
Qualifying floating charge
If any charge created by this Deed is a floating charge, paragraph 14 of Schedule B1 of the Insolvency Act 1986 shall apply to it.
3.8
Release of security
At the end of the Security Period, the Security Trustee will, at the request and cost of the Owner, re-assign (without any warranty, representation, covenant or other recourse) to the Owner such rights as the Security Trustee then has to, or in connection with, the Assigned Property.
4.
REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES
4.1
General
The Owner represents and warrants to the Security Trustee as follows.
4.2
Repetition of Loan Agreement representations and warranties
The representations and warranties in clause 6 of the Loan Agreement which relate to the Owner remain true and not misleading if repeated on the date of this Deed with reference to the circumstances now existing.
4.3
Compliance with Environmental Laws
All Environmental Laws relating to the ownership, operation and management of the Ship and the business of the Owner (as now conducted and as reasonably anticipated to be conducted in the future) have been complied with except such noncompliance as would not reasonably be expected, individually or in the aggregate, to have a Material Adverse Effect.
4.4
No Environmental Claim
No Environmental Claim has been made or threatened against the Owner or otherwise in connection with the Ship except for instances that would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.
4.5
No Environmental Liability
No Environmental Liability exists and no person has claimed that an Environmental Liability exists except for instances that would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.
4.6
Title to Assigned Property
The Owner is the sole legal and beneficial owner of all rights and interests which each of the Assigned Contracts creates in favour of the Owner.
7


4.7
No restrictions on right to assign
The Owner has the right, without requiring the concurrence, consent or authority of any other person, to create, in respect of all the Assigned Property, the Liens which Clause 3 purports to create other than those consents that have been obtained.
4.8
No third party Liens
No third party has any Lien or any other right, interest or claim over, in or in relation to any Assigned Contract.
4.9
Validity and completeness of Assigned Contracts
(a)
The copies of the Assigned Contracts delivered to the Security Trustee in connection with this Deed are true and complete copies, and there does not exist any addendum, supplemental agreement or other document of any kind which has the effect of varying the terms of any Assigned Contract or of excluding, restricting or qualifying any right or interest which an Assigned Contract creates in favour of the Owner;
(b)
each Assigned Contract is in full force and is binding on and enforceable against each of the parties to it, and no event has occurred or matter arisen as a result of which any party to an Assigned Contract is, may be or may later become entitled to rescind or terminate any Assigned Contract or to refuse or suspend performance of its obligations thereunder, or to raise any set-off or other defence in respect of such obligations; and
(c)
without limiting the generality of paragraph (b), the Charterer is in compliance with its obligations under the Assigned Contracts.
4.10
Delivery and acceptance of Ship under Assigned Contracts
The Ship has been delivered to, and accepted by, the Charterer and complies with all requirements of and relating to the Charter.
5.
COVENANTS
5.1
General
The Owner shall comply with the following provisions of this Clause 5 at all times during the Security Period except as the Security Trustee may otherwise expressly permit in writing.
5.2
Performance of obligations under Assigned Contracts
The Owner shall:
(a)
observe and perform all of its obligations and meet all of its liabilities under or in connection with each Assigned Contract to which it is a party;
(b)
use all reasonable endeavours to ensure performance and observance by the other parties of their obligations and liabilities under each Assigned Contract to which it is a party; and
8


(c)
take any action, or refrain from taking any action, which the Security Trustee may specify in connection with any breach, or possible future breach, of an Assigned Contract to which it is a party by it or any other party or with any other matter which arises or may later arise out of or in connection with an Assigned Contract to which it is a party.
5.3
No variation, release etc. of Assigned Contracts
The Owner shall not, whether by a document, by conduct, by acquiescence or in any other way:
(a)
vary any Assigned Contract to which it is a party including (but not limited to) reducing the tenor of the Charter and/or rate of hire and/or agreeing any change in the charterer;
(b)
release, waive, suspend or subordinate or permit to be lost or impaired any interest or right forming part of or relating to any Assigned Property;
(c)
waive any person's breach of any Assigned Contract to which it is a party;
(d)
rescind or terminate any Assigned Contract to which it is a party or treat itself as discharged or relieved from further performance of any of its obligations or liabilities under an Assigned Contract to which it is a party; or
(e)
purport to vary or revoke any notice or instruction relating to this Deed which it has given or may later give to any person;
except, with respect to each of the foregoing, the Owner may enter into amendments of any Assigned Contract and give consents, waivers or approvals thereunder, and waive any default under or breach of any term or condition of any Assigned Contract, so long as any amendment, consent, waiver or approval is entered into in the ordinary course of business and not material or adverse to the Lenders.
5.4
Payment of monies received under Assigned Contracts
After the occurrence of an Event of Default that is continuing, the Owner shall forthwith, upon receipt by it (or by any person acting on its behalf), pay over or transfer to the Security Trustee (or as the Security Trustee may direct) any moneys or other property which the Owner (or any person acting on its behalf) may receive or recover in connection with any Assigned Contract to which it is a party and all property which may, directly or indirectly, represent, accrue on or be derived from any such moneys or property.
5.5
Action to protect validity of Assigned Contracts
The Owner shall:
(a)
use all reasonable endeavours to ensure that all interests and rights conferred by each Assigned Contract to which it is a party remain valid and enforceable in all respects and retain the priority which they were intended to have; and
(b)
without prejudice to its obligations under paragraph (a) above, take any action which the Security Trustee may specify with a view to ensuring or protecting the validity, enforceability and/or priority of any such interest or right.
9


5.6
Action to enforce Assigned Contracts
The Owner shall at any time after the occurrence of an Event of Default that is continuing:
(a)
take any action which the Security Trustee may direct for the purpose of enforcing (through legal process, arbitration or otherwise) any right which is part of, or which relates to, the Assigned Property; and
(b)
in the absence of any such direction, not take any such action.
5.7
Termination of, and proceedings relating to, Assigned Contracts
Without limiting its generality, Clause 5.6 applies to:
(a)
the termination of any Assigned Contract or the withdrawal of the Ship from the Charterer; and
(b)
the commencement of, or any other action relating to, any legal proceedings or arbitration relating to any Assigned Property or to any matter arising out of or in connection with any Assigned Property.
5.8
Provision of information relating to Assigned Contracts
The Owner shall forthwith:
(a)
inform the Security Trustee if any breach of any Assigned Contract to which it is a party occurs or a material risk of such a breach arises and of any other event or matter affecting an Assigned Contract to which it is a party which is material to the Security Trustee;
(b)
provide the Security Trustee, promptly after service, with copies of all notices served on or by it under or in connection with any Assigned Contract;
(c)
provide the Security Trustee with any information which it requests in writing about any Assigned Property or any matter relating to or affecting any Assigned Property; and
(d)
generally provide the Security Trustee and its officers and representatives with full and prompt co-operation and assistance relating to any Assigned Property.
5.9
Provision of copies of Assigned Contracts
The Owner shall forthwith upon the Security Trustee's request:
(a)
deliver to the Security Trustee an original of any Assigned Contract to which it is a party (if available); and
(b)
provide the Security Trustee with a certified copy of any other Assigned Contract.
5.10
No action to jeopardise security
10


The Owner shall not do or fail to do or cause or permit another person to do or omit to do anything which is liable to jeopardise the effectiveness or priority, in relation to any Assigned Property, of any Lien created by this Deed.
6.
PROTECTION OF SECURITY
6.1
Security Trustee's right to protect or maintain security
The Security Trustee may take any reasonable action which it may think fit for the purpose of protecting or maintaining the security created by this Deed or for any similar or related purpose.
7.
ENFORCEABILITY AND SECURITY TRUSTEE'S POWERS
7.1
Right to enforce security
(a)
For the purpose of all rights and powers implied or granted by statute, the Secured Obligations are deemed to have fallen due on the date of this Deed.  The power of sale and other powers conferred by section 101 of the Law of Property Act 1925 and all other enforcement powers conferred by this Deed shall be immediately exercisable at any time after an Event of Default has occurred and is continuing.
(b)
If an Event of Default has occurred and is continuing, subject to the service of notice pursuant to clause 8(b) of the Loan Agreement (if required), without the necessity for the Security Trustee to serve any other notice or take any other action nor for any court order in any jurisdiction to the effect that an Event of Default has occurred and is continuing or that the security constituted by this Deed has become enforceable:
(i)
the security constituted by this Deed shall immediately become enforceable for all purposes; and
(ii)
the Security Trustee shall (subject only to any of the express restrictions or conditions contained in any of the following provisions of this Clause 7) be entitled then or at any later time or times to exercise the powers set out in this Clause 7 and in any other Loan Document.
7.2
Right to take possession, sell etc.
If the security constituted by this Deed has become enforceable, the Security Trustee shall be entitled then or at any later time or times:
(a)
to exercise the powers possessed by it as assignee of the Assigned Property conferred by the law of any country or territory in which the Assigned Property is physically present or deemed to be sited the courts of which have or claim any jurisdiction in respect of the Owner, the Ship or any item of Assigned Property;
(b)
to exercise any right forming part of the Assigned Property, including any right to terminate an Assigned Contract or to withdraw the Ship from the Charterer;
(c)
to require that all policies and other documents relating to the Insurances (including details of and correspondence concerning outstanding claims) be forthwith delivered to or to the order of the Security Trustee;
11


(d)
to collect, recover and give a good discharge for any moneys or claims forming part of, or arising in relation to, any Assigned Property and to permit any brokers through whom collection or recovery is effected to charge the usual brokerage therefor;
(e)
to collect and require payment of any amount payable under, or the right to which is assigned or charged by, any Assigned Contract or which otherwise forms part of the Assigned Property, and to take possession of any other Assigned Property;
(f)
to vary the terms of any Assigned Contract, to enter into any arrangement of any kind connected with an Assigned Contract, to replace, novate or terminate any Assigned Contract and to release any person liable under any Assigned Contract and/or any Lien relating to any person's obligations or liabilities under an Assigned Contract;
(g)
to sell, mortgage, exchange, invest or in any other way deal with any Assigned Property in any manner and for any consideration (including shares, notes or other securities);
(h)
to petition or apply for, or prove or claim in, any winding up, administration, bankruptcy or similar procedure in respect of any person having any liability under any Assigned Contract;
(i)
to vote for or against and participate in, any composition, voluntary arrangement, scheme of arrangement or reorganisation of any person having a liability under any Assigned Contract;
(j)
to enter into all kinds of transactions for the purpose of hedging risks which have arisen or which the Security Trustee considers may arise in respect of any Assigned Property out of movements in exchange rates, interest rates or other risks of any kind;
(k)
to employ the services of any lawyers, ship-brokers or other experts or advisers of any type or description whether or not similar to the foregoing;
(1)
to appoint all kinds of agents, whether to enforce or exercise any right under or in connection with any Assigned Contract or for any other purpose;
(m)
to take over or commence or defend (if necessary using the name of the Owner) any claims or legal or arbitration proceedings relating to, or affecting, any Assigned Property which the Security Trustee may think fit and to abandon, release or settle in any way any such claims or proceedings; and
(n)
generally, to enter into any transaction or arrangement of any kind and to do anything in relation to any Assigned Property which the Security Trustee may think fit.
7.3
Right to appoint Receiver
Subject to paragraph (b) below, if the security constituted by this Deed has become enforceable, the Security Trustee may appoint a receiver and/or manager (or joint receivers and/or managers) of the Assigned Property, and the following shall apply:
(a)
Section 109(1) of the Law of Property Act 1925 shall not apply to this Deed;
12


(b)
the Security Trustee shall be entitled to appoint a Receiver save to the extent prohibited by section 72A Insolvency Act 1986;
(c)
the Security Trustee may exercise any of the powers conferred by this Deed while a Receiver is in office and is acting;
(d)
an appointment of a Receiver shall be by deed or, at the Security Trustee's option, by a document signed by any of its officers; and an appointment in respect of some only of the Assigned Property may later be extended to all or any part of the remaining Assigned Property;
(e)
the remuneration of a Receiver shall be fixed by the Security Trustee;
(f)
to the fullest extent permitted by law, a Receiver shall be the Owner's agent, and the Owner shall be responsible, to the exclusion of any liability on the part of the Security Trustee and the other Secured Parties, for his remuneration and for his contracts, acts and defaults;
(g)
a Receiver shall have all the powers conferred by Clause 7.2 as if the reference to the Security Trustee in Clause 7.2 were a reference to the Receiver, and all the powers conferred on a Receiver by the Law of Property Act 1925 and the Insolvency Act 1986;
(h)
the Owner irrevocably and by way of security appoints every Receiver its attorney on its behalf and in its name or otherwise to execute or sign any document and do any act or thing which that Receiver considers necessary or desirable with a view to or in connection with any exercise or proposed exercise of any of his powers;
(i)
a Receiver may delegate to any person or persons of any of the powers (including the discretions) conferred on him by, or pursuant to, this Deed and may do so on terms authorising successive sub-delegations;
(j)
in the case of joint Receivers any of the powers (including the discretions) conferred by this Deed or by the general law (including the Insolvency Act 1986) may be exercised by any one or more of them, unless their appointment specifically states the contrary;
(k)
the Security Trustee may remove a Receiver (subject to the provisions of section 45 of the Insolvency Act 1986 in the case of an administrative receivership), with or without appointing another Receiver; such a removal may be effected by a document signed by any of the Security Trustee's officers;
(1)
the Security Trustee may appoint a Receiver to replace a Receiver who has resigned or for any other reason ceased to hold office; and
(m)
a Receiver shall be entitled to retain out of any money received by him such amounts in respect of his expenses (or to cover estimated future expenses) as he may from time to time agree with the Security Trustee.
7.4
Administrator
The Security Trustee shall have full power to appoint an administrator of the Owner or, at the option of the Security Trustee, to apply to court for an administration order in respect of the
13


Owner, when or at any time after, the security created by this Deed has become enforceable and notice has been served pursuant to clause 8(b) of the Loan Agreement (if required).
7.5
Law of Property Act 1925 not applicable
(a)
The Owner hereby waives the entitlement conferred by section 93 of the Law of Property Act 1925 and agrees that section 103 of that Act shall not apply to the security created by this Deed.
(b)
Sections 109(6) and (8) of the Law of Property Act 1925 shall not apply to a Receiver appointed under this Deed.
7.6
No liability of Security Trustee or Receiver.
Neither the Security Trustee nor any Receiver shall be obliged to check the nature or sufficiency of any payment received by it or him under this Deed or to preserve, exercise or enforce any right forming part of, or relating to, any Assigned Property.
7.7
No requirement to commence proceedings
The Security Trustee will not need to commence any proceedings under, or enforce any Lien created by, the Loan Agreement or any other Loan Document before commencing proceedings under, or enforcing any Lien created by, this Deed.
7.8
Suspense account
The Security Trustee may, for the purpose of claiming or proving in a bankruptcy of the Owner or any other Borrower Group Party, place any sum received or recovered under or by virtue of this Deed or any Lien connected with it on a separate suspense or other nominal account without applying it in satisfaction of the Secured Obligations.
8.
APPLICATION OF MONEYS
8.1
General
All sums received by the Security Trustee or by a Receiver in respect of any Assigned Property shall be held by the Security Trustee or the Receiver upon trust in the first place to pay or discharge any expenses or liabilities (including any interest) which have been paid or incurred by the Security Trustee or any Receiver in or in connection with the exercise of their respective powers and to pay the balance over to the Administrative Agent for application in accordance with Section 7.25 of the Loan Agreement.
9.
FURTHER ASSURANCES
9.1
Obligation to execute further documents etc.
The Owner shall:
(a)
execute and deliver to the Security Trustee (or as it may direct) any assignment, mortgage, power of attorney, proxy or other document, governed by the law of England or such other country as the Security Trustee may, in any particular case, specify; and
14


(b)
effect any registration or notarisation, give any notice or take any other step, which the Security Trustee may, by notice to the Owner, specify for any of the purposes described in Clause 9.2 or for any similar or related purpose.
9.2
Purposes of further assurances
Those purposes are:
(a)
validly and effectively to create any Lien or right of any kind which the Security Trustee intended should be created by or pursuant to this Deed or any other Loan Document;
(b)
to create a specific mortgage or assignment of any particular Assigned Property or otherwise to vest in the Security Trustee the title to any particular Assigned Property;
(c)
to protect the priority, or increase the effectiveness, in any jurisdiction of any Lien which is created, or which the Security Trustee intended should be created, by or pursuant to this Deed or any other Loan Document;
(d)
to enable or assist the Security Trustee or a Receiver to sell or otherwise deal with any Assigned Property, to transfer title to, or grant any interest of right relating to, any Assigned Property or to exercise any power which is referred to in Clause 7.1 above or which is conferred by any Loan Document;
(e)
to enable or assist the Security Trustee to enter into any transaction to commence, defend or conduct any proceedings and/or to take any other action relating to any Assigned Property in any country or under the law of any country.
9.3
Terms of further assurances
The Security Trustee may specify the terms of any document to be executed by the Owner under Clause 9.1, and those terms may include any covenants, powers and provisions which the Security Trustee considers appropriate to protect its, any other Secured Party's or a Receiver's interests.
9.4
Obligation to comply with notice
The Owner shall comply with a notice under Clause 9.1 by the date specified in the notice.
9.5
Additional corporate action
At the same time as the Owner delivers to the Security Trustee any document executed under Clause 9.1(a), the Owner shall also deliver to the Security Trustee a certificate signed by 1 of the Owner's officers which shall:
(a)
set out the text of a resolution of the Owner's directors specifically authorising the execution of the document specified by the Security Trustee; and
(b)
state that the resolution was duly adopted by the Owner and is in accordance with, and is valid under, the Owner's articles of incorporation or other constitutional documents.
9.6
Waiver of defences
15


The obligations of the Owner under this Deed will not be affected by an act, omission, matter or thing which, but for this this Deed, would reduce, release or prejudice any of its obligations under this this Deed (without limitation and whether or not known to it or any Secured Party) including:
(a)
any time, waiver or consent granted to, or composition with, any Borrower Group Party or other person;
(b)
the release of any other Borrower Group Party or any other person under the terms of any composition or arrangement with any creditor of any member of the Borrower's group;
(c)
the taking, variation, compromise, exchange, renewal or release of, or refusal or neglect to perfect, take up or enforce, any rights against, or security over assets of, any Borrower Group Party or other person or any non-presentation or non-observance of any formality or other requirement in respect of any instrument or any failure to realise the full value of any security;
(d)
any incapacity or lack of power, authority or legal personality of or dissolution or change in the members or status of an Borrower Group Party or any other person;
(e)
any amendment, novation, supplement, extension restatement (however fundamental and whether or not more onerous) or replacement of a Loan Document or any other document or security including, without limitation, any change in the purpose of, any extension of or increase in any facility or the addition of any new facility under any Loan Document or other document or security;
(f)
any unenforceability, illegality or invalidity of any obligation of any person under any Loan Document or any other document or security; or
(g)
any insolvency or similar proceedings.
9.7
Deferral of Owner's rights
(a)
Unless the Security Period has expired or the Security Trustee otherwise directs, the Owner will not exercise any rights which it may have by reason of performance by it of its obligations under this Deed or by reason of any amount being payable, or liability arising under this Deed:
(i)
to be indemnified by a Borrower Group Party;
(ii)
to claim any contribution from any Borrower Group Party of any Borrower Group Party's obligations under the Loan Documents;
(iii)
to take the benefit (in whole or in part and whether by way of subrogation or otherwise) of any rights of the Secured Parties under the Loan Documents or of any other guarantee or security taken pursuant to, or in connection with, the Loan Documents by any Secured Party;
(iv)
to bring legal or other proceedings for an order requiring any Borrower Group Party to make any payment, or perform any obligation, in respect of which the Owner has granted security under this Deed;
16


(v)
to exercise any right of set-off against any Borrower Group Party; and/or
(vi)
to claim or prove as a creditor of any Borrower Group Party in competition with any Secured Party.
(b)
If the Owner receives any benefit, payment or distribution in relation to such rights it must hold that benefit, payment or distribution to the extent necessary to enable all amounts which may be or become payable to the Secured Parties by each Borrower Group Party under or in connection with the Loan Documents to be repaid in full on trust for the Secured Parties and must promptly pay or transfer them to the Security Trustee or as the Security Trustee may direct for application in accordance with this Deed.
10.
POWER OF ATTORNEY
10.1
Appointment
By way of security, and in order more fully to secure the Owner's obligations to the Security Trustee under this Deed and every other Loan Document to which the Owner is or is to be a party, the Owner hereby irrevocably appoints the Security Trustee (with full powers of delegation, sub-delegation and substitution) for the duration of the Security Period as its attorney-in-fact in its name or otherwise:
(a)
to do all acts and execute all deeds and documents which the Owner itself can do in relation to any Assigned Property provided that the power constituted by this Clause 10.1(a) shall not be exercised until the occurrence of an Event of Default that is continuing; and
(b)
to do all acts and execute all deeds and documents which the Owner, by the terms of this Deed and any other Loan Document, is obliged to do or execute and which it has failed so to do or execute promptly upon the Security Trustee's first written demand.
10.2
Ratification
The power of attorney constituted by Clause 10.1 shall be a general power of attorney and the Owner ratifies and confirms, and agrees to ratify and confirm, any act, deed or document which the Security Trustee (or any delegate or substitute) may do or execute pursuant to its terms.  For the avoidance of doubt and without limiting the generality of Clause 10.1, the Owner confirms that it authorises the Security Trustee to execute on behalf of the Owner a document ratifying by the Owner any transaction or action which the Security Trustee and/or a Receiver has purported to enter into or to take and which the Security Trustee considers was or might have been outside his powers or otherwise invalid.
10.3
Conclusiveness of exercise
The exercise of the power of attorney constituted by Clause 10.1 shall not put any person dealing with the Security Trustee (or any delegate or substitute) on enquiry whether, by its terms, the power of attorney is exercisable and the exercise by the Security Trustee (or any delegate or substitute) of its powers shall, as between the Security Trustee (or any delegate or substitute) and any third party, be conclusive evidence of the Security Trustee's right (or the right of any delegate or substitute) to exercise the same.
17


11.
INCORPORATION OF LOAN AGREEMENT PROVISIONS
11.1
Incorporation of specific provisions
The following provisions of the Loan Agreement apply to this Deed as if they were expressly incorporated therein with any necessary modifications:
clause 4.07, Net Payments; Taxes;
clause 10.12, Amendment or Waiver; etc.;
clause 10.03, Notices; and
clause 10.05, No Waiver; Remedies Cumulative.
11.2
Incorporation of general provisions
Clause 11.1 is without prejudice to the application to this Deed of any provision of the Loan Agreement which, by its terms, applies or relates to the Loan Documents generally.
12.
TRANSFER
12.1
Transfer by the Security Trustee
The Security Trustee may transfer its rights under or in connection with this Deed to the same extent as it may transfer its rights under the Loan Agreement and the other Loan Documents.
13.
SUPPLEMENTAL
13.1
No restriction on other rights
Nothing in this Deed shall be taken to exclude or restrict any power, right or remedy which the Security Trustee or any other Secured Party may at any time have under:
(a)
any other Loan Document; or
(b)
the law of any country or territory the courts of which have or claim any jurisdiction in respect of the Owner, the Ship or any Assigned Property.
13.2
Exercise of other rights
The Security Trustee may exercise any right under this Deed before it or any other Secured Party has exercised any right referred to in Clause 13.1(a) or (b) above.
13.3
Settlement or discharge conditional
Any settlement or discharge under this Deed between the Security Trustee or any other Secured Party and the Owner shall be conditional upon no security or payment to the Security Trustee or any other Secured Party by the Owner or any other person being set aside, adjusted or ordered to be repaid, whether under any insolvency law or otherwise.
13.4
Severability of Provisions
18


If any provision of this Deed is or subsequently becomes void, unenforceable or illegal, that shall not affect the validity, enforceability or legality of the other provisions of this Deed or of the provisions of any other Loan Documents.
13.5
Third party rights
A person who is not a party to this Deed has no right under the Contracts (Rights of Third Parties) Act 1999 to enforce or to enjoy the benefit of any term of this Deed.
13.6
Counterparts
This Deed may be executed in any number of counterparts, and this has the same effect as if the signatures on the counterparts were on a single copy of this Deed.
14.
LAW AND JURISDICTION
14.1
English law
This Deed and any non-contractual obligations arising out of or in connection with it shall be governed by, and construed in accordance with, English law.
14.2
Exclusive English jurisdiction
Subject to Clause 14.3, the courts of England shall have exclusive jurisdiction to settle any Dispute.
14.3
Choice of forum for the exclusive benefit of the Security Trustee
Clause 14.2 is for the exclusive benefit of the Security Trustee, which reserves the rights:
(a)
to commence proceedings in relation to any Dispute in the courts of any country other than England and which have or claim jurisdiction to that Dispute; and
(b)
to commence such proceedings in the courts of any such country or countries concurrently with or in addition to proceedings in England or without commencing proceedings in England.
The Owner shall not commence any proceedings in any country other than England in relation to a Dispute.
14.4
Process agent
The Owner irrevocably appoints [ · ] at their office for the time being, presently at [ · ], England, to act as its agent to receive and accept on its behalf any process or other document relating to any proceedings in the English courts which are connected with a Dispute.
14.5
Secured Parties' rights unaffected
Nothing in this Clause 14 shall exclude or limit any right which any Secured Party may have (whether under the law of any country, an international convention or otherwise) with regard to
19


the bringing of proceedings, the service of process, the recognition or enforcement of a judgment or any similar or related matter in any jurisdiction.
14.6
Meaning of " proceedings " .
In this Clause 14, " proceedings "   means proceedings of any kind, including an application for a provisional or protective measure and a "Dispute" means any dispute arising out of or in connection with this Deed (including a dispute relating to the existence, validity or termination of this Deed) or any non-contractual obligation arising out of or in connection with this Deed.
THIS DEED has been executed by or on behalf of the parties and has, on the date stated at the beginning of this Deed, been delivered as a Deed.
20


EXECUTION PAGE
OWNER
Executed AND DELIVERED
as a deed by
 
[ ]
acting by
expressly authorised in accordance with
the laws of [ ]
[by virtue of a power of attorney granted
by[ ]
on [ ]]
such execution being witnessed by:
 
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
 

Signature of witness
 
 
 
SECURITY TRUSTEE
Executed AND DELIVERED
as a deed by CREDIT SUISSE AG,
CAYMAN ISLANDS BRANCH
acting by
expressly authorised in accordance with
the laws of [ ]
by virtue of a power of attorney granted
by CREDIT SUISSE AG, CAYMAN
ISLANDS BRANCH
on [ ]
such execution being witnessed by:
 
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
 

Signature of witness
21


APPENDIX 1
Part 1
NOTICE OF ASSIGNMENT TO CHARTERER
To:            [ · ] (the " Charterer ")
[ Date ]
Dear Sirs
m.v. " [ · ] "
We refer to the time charter dated [ · ] (the " Charter ")   made between us and you, the Charterer whereby we agreed to let and you agreed to take on time charter for the period and upon the terms and conditions therein mentioned the motor vessel "[ · ]" registered in our name under [ · ] flag.
NOW WE HEREBY GIVE YOU NOTICE:
1.
That, by a Charterparty Assignment dated [ · ] made between (inter alia) us and Credit Suisse AG, Cayman Islands Branch (the " Assignee "),   we have assigned to the Assignee all our rights title and interest to and in any moneys whatsoever payable to us under the Charter and all other rights and benefits whatsoever accruing to us under the Charter including (but without prejudice to the generality of the foregoing) all claims for damages in respect of any breach by you of the Charter (the " Assignment ");
2.
That you are hereby irrevocably authorised and instructed to pay such moneys as aforesaid to our account at Credit Suisse AG, Cayman Islands Branch designated "Earnings Account" or to such account as the Assignee may from time to time direct;
3.
That the Assignment includes provisions that no variation (other than immaterial variations) shall be made to the Charter (nor shall you be released from your obligations thereunder) without the previous written consent of the Assignee and we shall remain liable to perform all our obligations under the Charter and the Assignee shall be under no obligation of any kind whatsoever in respect hereof; and
4.
That all rights, powers, authorities, discretions and remedies (including any right, power, authority or discretion to make a determination or give an opinion) which (apart from our assignment to the Assignee) we would now or at any later time have under or in connection with the Charter is vested in the Assignee absolutely and shall be exercisable and enforceable by the Assignee in accordance with the terms of the Assignment.
The authority and instructions herein contained cannot be revoked or varied by us without the consent of the Assignee.
Please acknowledge receipt of this notice and confirm your agreement to the matters stated above by signing the enclosed acknowledgment and returning it direct to the Assignee at the address shown, with a copy to us.
22


This notice and any non-contractual obligations arising out of or in connection with it shall be governed by, and construed in accordance with, English law.
For and on behalf of
[ · ]

__________________________
[ · ]


Dated ________________
23


Part 2
CHARTERER'S ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

To:
CREDIT SUISSE AG, CAYMAN ISLANDS BRANCH
Eleven Madison Avenue, 9th Floor
New York, New York 10010


[ Date ]
Dear Sirs
We, the undersigned, the Charterers of m.v. "[ · ]" under the Charter hereby acknowledge receipt of the notice set out above and in consideration of US$10 and other good and valuable consideration (the receipt and adequacy of which we hereby acknowledge), we hereby:
1.1.1
confirm that we have not previously received notice of any assignment of the Owner's rights to money due under the Charter;
1.1.2
consent to the assignment referred to in such notice;
1.1.3
agree that we will make payment of all such moneys to the account referred to in such notice under reference "Earnings Account" or to such other account as you may direct;
1.1.4
acknowledge and agree that the Owner's entry into the Loan Documents shall not constitute a breach of the Charter; and
For and on behalf of

[ · ]
________________________


Dated ___________________
24


Part 3
NOTICE OF ASSIGNMENT TO CHARTER GUARANTOR

To:
[Name and address of Charter
 
Guarantor]
 
[ · ]


Dear Sirs
m.v. "[ · ]"

Please note that, by a Charterparty Assignment dated [ · ], we have assigned to CREDIT SUISSE AG, CAYMAN ISLANDS BRANCH (the " Assignee ")   absolutely all interests and rights which now or at any later time we have under, in or in connection with a guarantee dated [ · ]and given by you to ourselves in connection with a time charter dated [ · ] and entered into by us with [ · ] in respect of m.v. "[ · ]", as that guarantee may from time to time be varied, supplemented or replaced (the "Contract").

We request you to issue to the Assignee a letter in the attached form.

We irrevocably undertake not to give any instructions or send any communications which would be in any way inconsistent with the terms of your letter to the Assignee; and you are irrevocably instructed to disregard any instruction or communication which you or the Assignee consider to be inconsistent with the terms of that letter.

A copy of this letter is being sent to the Assignee.

This letter and any non-contractual obligations arising out of or in connection with it shall be governed by, and construed in accordance with, English law.

Yours faithfully

………………………………….

for and on behalf of
[ · ]

25


Part 4
CHARTER GUARANTOR'S ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
To:
CREDIT SUISSE AG, CAYMAN ISLANDS BRANCH
 
and its successors and assigns
 
[ · ]

Dear Sirs
[ · ] (the " Company ") and m.v. " [ · ] "
We refer to a letter from the Company dated [ · ] regarding an assignment to you of a guarantee dated [ · ] issued by us in respect of a time charter entered into by the Company with [ · ] in respect of m.v. " [ · ] ", which guarantee as from time to time varied, supplemented or replaced is referred to below as the " Contract " .
1.
We confirm that we have no notice of any assignment of, or charge over, the Contract or any sums payable thereunder.
2.
We shall, as soon as reasonably practicable, notify you if at any later time such an assignment or charge is expressly notified to us in writing.
3.
We confirm that no addendum, supplemental agreement or other document of any kind has been signed or issued by or on behalf of ourselves or the Company which has the effect of varying the terms of the Contract or of excluding, restricting or qualifying any right or interest which the Contract creates in favour of the Company.
4.
We acknowledge that all rights, powers, authorities, discretions and remedies (including any right, power, authority or discretion to make a determination or give an opinion) which (apart from the Company's assignment to you) the Company would now or at any later time have under or in connection with the Contract is vested in you absolutely and shall be exercisable and enforceable by you Provided that, until you notify us in writing of the occurrence of an Event of Default under the Loan Documents that is continuing, the Company shall be entitled to exercise its rights under the Contract and to receive all moneys paid under the Contract.
5.
Without in any way limiting the generality of paragraph 4 above, we confirm that, in accordance with the terms of the Assignment, you shall be fully entitled in your name and/or (at your option) in the name of the Company:
(a)
to sign and serve any demand under the Contract; and
(b)
to commence any proceedings or arbitration relating to the Contract or any matter arising out of or in connection with the Contract or to take over and conduct any such proceedings or arbitration which may have been commenced by the Company.
26


6.
We agree that you shall not have or incur any liability to us in connection with the Contract and/or any sum which may be paid to you or otherwise recovered by you under or in connection with the Contract.
7.
We agree that without your specific written consent:
(a)
the Contract cannot be varied;
(b)
no interest which arises under or in connection with the Contract and which is assigned to you can be released, waived, lost, suspended or subordinated; and
(c)
no breach by us of the Contract can be waived;
and, we shall not rescind or terminate the Contract or treating ourselves as discharged or from relieved further performance of any of our obligations under the Contract unless we have given you 14 days prior written notice and you have not presented written proposals to us to remedy the situation to our reasonable satisfaction.
8.
We shall pay to you or as you may from time to time direct any sums which become payable by us under or in connection with the Contract; and we acknowledge that any payment to, or receipt issued by, the Company will not be a good discharge.
9.
We shall pay such sums free of any set-off, cross-claim or other deduction and without regard to any defence or equity which we might have as against the Company.
10.
Any person, including yourself, for whom you hold on trust the rights under the Contract may set off any amount due from us under or in respect of the Contract against any balance on any current, deposit or other account which we have with that person, and for that purpose may break a deposit and/or convert the balance into US Dollars.
11.
Reference in this letter to yourselves includes references to your successors and assigns.

Yours faithfully

…………………………………

for and on behalf of
[Name of Charter Guarantor]
27


EXHIBIT M
APPROVED MANAGER'S UNDERTAKING
To : Credit Suisse AG, Cayman Islands Branch
Eleven Madison Avenue, 9th Floor
New York, NY 10010
Attention: Loan Operations — Boutique Management
Phone: 212-538-3525
Facsimile: (212) 325-8315
Email: list.ops-collateral@credit-suisse.com

From:
Dynagas Ltd.
Poseidonos Ave. & 2 Folvis Street
166-74 Glyfada, Athens, Greece
 
Dated: May [ · ] , 2017

Dear Sirs,

m.v. " [ · ] " (the " Ship ")

1
BACKGROUND
1.1
Entry into Credit Agreement.  We refer to the credit agreement dated May [ · ] , 2017 (as the same may be amended and/or supplemented from time to time, the " Credit Agreement ")   and made among, inter alios, [ · ]   (the " Owner "),   Arctic LNG Carriers LTD. (the " Borrower "),   Dynagas Finance LLC ( " Finco "   and, together with the Borrower, the " Borrowers "),   the Borrower Subsidiary Guarantors party thereto from time to time, the Lenders party thereto from time to time (the " Lenders "),   and Credit Suisse AG, Cayman Islands Branch, as Administrative Agent, Collateral Agent and security trustee, pursuant to which it was agreed that the Lenders would make available to the Borrowers a loan of up to $480,000,000 (the " Loan ").
1.2
Entry into Letter of Undertaking.  We have been further advised by the Owner that one of the conditions to the advance of the Loan is that we enter into this Letter of Undertaking in favour of the Security Trustee in respect of the Ship.
2
INTERPRETATION
2.1
Defined expressions.  Words and expressions defined in the Credit Agreement shall have the same meanings when used in this Letter of Undertaking unless the context otherwise requires.
3
CONFIRMATION OF APPOINTMENT, ETC.
3.1
Confirmation of appointment.  We confirm that we have been appointed by the Owner as the manager of the Ship on the terms of a management agreement dated [ · ] (the " Management Agreement ")   a copy of which is attached to this Letter of Undertaking.
3.2
Certification.  We certify that the attached Management Agreement is a true and complete copy of such document and that no addenda or supplements to it exist as at the date of this Letter of Undertaking.


4
UNDERTAKINGS
4.1
Undertakings.  In consideration of the Security Trustee granting its approval to our appointment as manager of the Ship, we irrevocably and unconditionally undertake with the Security Trustee as follows:
(a)
that all claims of whatsoever nature which we have or may at any time after the date of this Letter of Undertaking have against or in connection with the Ship, its Earnings, Insurances or requisition compensation or against the Owner shall rank after and be in all respects subordinate to all of the rights and claims of all the Secured Parties;
(b)
that we shall not take any step to exercise or enforce any right or remedy which we now or at any later time have under any applicable law against the Owner or the Ship, its Earnings, Insurances or requisition compensation;
(c)
that we shall not institute any legal or administration action or any quasi-legal proceedings under any applicable law at any time after the date of this Letter of Undertaking against the Ship, its Earnings, Insurances or requisition compensation or against the Owner in any capacity;
(d)
that we shall not compete with any of the Secured Parties in a liquidation or other winding-up or bankruptcy of the Owner or in any legal or administration action or any quasi legal proceedings in connection with the Ship, its Earnings, Insurances or requisition compensation;
(e)
that we shall upon the Security Trustee's reasonable written request deliver to the Security Trustee, all documents of whatever nature which we hold (in our capacity as manager) in connection with the Owner, the Ship, its Earnings, Insurances and requisition compensation;
(f)
that we shall not enter into any addendum or supplement to the Management Agreement without the Security Trustee's prior written consent except, we may enter into any addendum or supplement, so long as such addendum or supplement is entered into in the ordinary course of business and not material or adverse to the Lenders;
(g)
that we shall continue to act as manager of the Ship pursuant to the terms and conditions of the Management Agreement for as long as the Ship remains in the ownership of the Owner and any Secured Obligations remain outstanding pursuant to the Loan Documents unless (i) we have given you 30 days' prior written notice and (ii) a replacement manager has executed a replacement management agreement that has terms that are substantially similar to the terms of the Management Agreement; and
(h)
that we shall not do or omit to do or cause anything to be done or omitted which might be contrary to or incompatible with the obligations undertaken by the Owner under the Credit Agreement and the Loan Documents.
5
GOVERNING LAW AND JURISDICTION
5.1
New York law.  This Letter of Undertaking shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of New York.
5.2
Exclusive New York jurisdiction.  Subject to Clause 5.3 below, the courts of the State of New York or of the United States for the Southern District of New York shall have exclusive jurisdiction in relation to all matters which may arise out of or in connection with this Letter of Undertaking.
5.3
Choice of forum for the benefit of the Security Trustee.  Clause 5.2 is for the exclusive benefit of the Security Trustee, which reserves the right:
2


(a)
to commence proceedings in relation to any matter which arises out of or in connection with this Letter of Undertaking in the courts of any state or country other than the State of New York and which have or claim jurisdiction to that matter; and
(b)
to commence proceedings in the courts of any state, country or countries concurrently with or in addition to proceedings in the State of New York or without commencing proceedings in the State of New York.
We shall not commence any proceedings in any country or state other than the State of New York in relation to a matter which arises out of or in connection with this Letter of Undertaking.
5.4
Process Agent.  We irrevocably appoint Seward & Kissel LLP at their office for the time being, presently One Battery Park Plaza, New York, NY 10004, to act as our agent to receive and accept on our behalf any process or other document relating to any proceedings in the courts of the State of New York or of the United States for the Southern District of New York which are connected with this Letter of Undertaking.
5.5
Security Trustee's rights unaffected.  Nothing in this Clause 5 shall exclude or limit any right which the Security Trustee may have (whether under the law of any country, an international convention or otherwise) with regard to the bringing of proceedings, the service of process, the recognition or enforcement of a judgment or any similar or related matter in any jurisdiction.
5.6
Meaning of " proceedings " In this paragraph " proceedings "   means proceedings of any kind, including an application for a provisional or protective measure.
________________________
[ · ]
For and on behalf of
[MANAGER]
3



EXHIBIT N
TO CREDIT AGREEMENT
FORM OF COMPLIANCE CERTIFICATE
THE UNDERSIGNED HEREBY CERTIFIES, IN SUCH PERSON'S CAPACITY AS [ insert title of applicable Authorized Representative ] AND NOT IN SUCH PERSON'S INDIVIDUAL CAPACITY, ON BEHALF OF THE PARENT (AS DEFINED BELOW) AS FOLLOWS:
1.            I am the [ insert title of applicable Authorized Representative ] and authorized signatory of Dynagas LNG Partners LP, a publicly traded Marshall Islands limited partnership (the " Parent ").
2.            I have reviewed the terms of (i) that certain Credit Agreement, dated as of May 18, 2017 (as amended, restated, amended and restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time, the " Credit Agreement "), by and among, inter alios, the Borrowers, certain subsidiaries of the Borrower, as guarantors, the various lenders from time to time party thereto (the " Lenders "), Credit Suisse AG, Cayman Islands Branch, as administrative agent (in such capacity, the " Administrative Agent ") and as collateral agent (in such capacity, the " Collateral Agent "), with Credit Suisse Securities (USA) LLC and Barclays Bank Plc, as joint global coordinators, joint lead arrangers and joint bookrunners and (ii) of that certain Guarantee Agreement, dated as of May 18, 2017 (as amended, restated, amended and restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time, the " Guarantee Agreement ") by and among, inter alios, the Parent, the Borrowers, the other guarantors from time to time party thereto and the Administrative Agent and the Collateral Agent [, and I have made, or have caused to be made under my supervision, a review in reasonable detail of the transactions, activities and condition of the Parent and its Subsidiaries during the relevant [fiscal quarter] / [semi-annual period] / [fiscal year] with a view to determining whether the Parent and its Subsidiaries have kept, observed, performed and fulfilled their obligations under the Credit Agreement, the Guarantee Agreement and the other Loan Documents.  Capitalized terms used but not defined herein have the meanings assigned in the Credit Agreement.
3.            [Attached as Annex A are reasonably detailed calculations demonstrating that the Loan To Value Ratio as of the most recent Semi-Annual Date does not exceed 65% and that the Borrower is in compliance with the requirements of Section 7.19 of the Credit Agreement.] 1
4.            [Attached as Annex B are reasonably detailed calculations demonstrating that the Debt Service Coverage Ratio as of the last day of the preceding fiscal quarter is not less than 1.1 to 1.0 and that the Borrower is in compliance with the requirements of Section 7.18 of the Credit Agreement.] 2
5.            [To the best of my knowledge, the Parent and its Subsidiaries have kept, observed, performed and fulfilled each covenant contained in the Credit Agreement and the other Loan Documents applicable to them and are not in default in the performance or observance of any of the terms, provisions or conditions thereof during the preceding fiscal year and as of the date of this Compliance Certificate, except as set forth in a separate attachment, if any, to this Compliance Certificate, describing the nature of



1            Include in any Compliance Certificate delivered pursuant to Section 7.19 of the Credit Agreement, to be delivered within 90 days following the last day of each Semi-Annual Date.
2            Include in any Compliance Certificate delivered pursuant to Section 7.18 of the Credit Agreement, to be delivered within 90 days following the last day of each fiscal quarter.







the condition or event, the period during which it has existed and the action which the Borrower has taken, is taking, or proposes to take with respect to each such condition or event.] 3
6.            [There has been no change in any information contained in [the Perfection Certificate delivered on the Closing Date] / [the Perfection Certificate delivered on the Closing Date since the date of the most recently completed Compliance Certificate delivered to the Administrative Agent.]] / [Attached as Annex C is a description of the changes to the information contained in [the Perfection Certificate delivered on the Closing Date] / [the Perfection Certificate delivered on the Closing Date since the most recently completed Compliance Certificate delivered to the Administrative Agent.]] 4
7.            [The Restricted Payments made by the Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries (if any) during the most recently ended fiscal quarter have been made in compliance with the requirements of Section 7.15 of the Credit Agreement, including the conditions under Section 7.15(a)(iv) of the Credit Agreement.  The Restricted Payments made by the Parent or any of its Subsidiaries that are Parent Guarantors (if any) during the most recently ended fiscal quarter have been made in compliance with the requirements of Section 5.06 of the Guarantee Agreement, including the conditions under Section 5.06(a)(iii) of the Guarantee Agreement.] 5
8.            This Compliance Certificate is made and delivered as of [________], 20[__ ] pursuant to Section [7.08]/[7.18]/[7.19] of the Credit Agreement [and for purposes of certifying to compliance with Section 7.15 of the Credit Agreement and Section 5.06 of the Guarantee Agreement]. 6
9.            In the event of any conflict between the terms of this Compliance Certificate and the Credit Agreement or the Guarantee Agreement, as applicable, the Credit Agreement or the Guarantee Agreement, as applicable, shall control.
[SIGNATURE PAGE FOLLOWS]





3            Insert for any Compliance Certificate delivered pursuant to Section 7.08 of the Credit Agreement, to be delivered within 120 days after the end of each fiscal year ending after the Closing Date.
4            Insert, as applicable, for any Compliance Certificate delivered pursuant to Section 7.08 of the Credit Agreement, to be delivered within 120 days after the end of each fiscal year ending after the Closing Date.
5            These certifications shall be made on a quarterly basis.
6            Include if the certification above regarding Restricted Payments is being made.
 
 
 
 

 
 


DYNAGAS LNG PARTNERS LP,
a publicly traded Marshall Islands limited partnership
 
   
   
By:
   
Name:
   
Title:
   


Exhibit 4.10
 

CONTRIBUTION AND CONVEYANCE AGREEMENT
This contribution and conveyance agreement (this " Agreement ") is entered into as of May 18, 2017, among Dynagas LNG Partners LP, a Marshall Islands limited partnership (the " Partnership "), Dynagas Operating LP, a Marshall Islands limited partnership (" Dynagas Operating "), Dynagas Equity Holding Limited, a Liberian corporation (" Dynagas Equity "), Arctic LNG Carriers Ltd., a Marshall Islands corporation (" Arctic ," and together with the Partnership, Dynagas Operation and Dynagas Equity, the " Partnership Entities "), Quinta Group Corp., a Nevis corporation (" Quinta ") and Pelta Holdings S.A., a Nevis corporation (" Pelta ," and together with Quinta, the " Nevis Entities "). The foregoing shall be referred to individually as a " Party " and collectively as the " Parties ."
RECITALS
WHEREAS, the Partnership owns a 100% limited partnership interest in Dynagas Operating, which in turn owns 100% of the issued and outstanding share capital in Dynagas Equity.
WHEREAS, Dynagas Equity owns 100% of the issued and outstanding share capital of each of the following:
(a)
Arctic;
(b)
Quinta, which owns all of the issued and outstanding share capital of Pegasus Shipholding S.A., a Marshall Islands corporation, (" Pegasus "), which owns the LNG carrier the Clean Energy ;
(c)
Pelta, which owns all of the issued and outstanding share capital of Lance Shipping S.A., a Marshall Islands corporation (" Lance "), which owns the LNG carrier, the Ob River ,
(d)
Seacrown Maritime Ltd., a Marshall Islands corporation (" Seacrown "), which owns the LNG carrier, the Amur River ;
(e)
Fareastern Shipping Limited, a Malta private limited liability company (" Fareastern "), which owns the LNG carrier, the Arctic Aurora ;
(f)
Solana Holding Ltd., a Marshall Islands corporation (" Solana "), which owns the LNG carrier, the Lena River ; and
(g)
Navajo Marine Limited, a Marshall Islands corporation (" Navajo "), which owns the LNG carrier, the Yenisei River ;
(Seacrown, Fareastern, Solana and Navajo, each, a " Contribution Subsidiary ," and collectively, the " Contribution Subsidiaries ," Pegasus and Lance, each, a " Nevis Contribution Subsidiary ," and together, the " Nevis Contribution Subsidiaries ," the issued and outstanding share capital of each Contribution Subsidiary, in the aggregate, the " Contribution Subsidiary Shares ," the issued and outstanding share capital of each Nevis Contribution Subsidiary, in the aggregate, the " Nevis Contribution Subsidiary Shares ," and the Clean Energy , Ob River , Amur River , Arctic Aurora , Lena River , and Yenisei River , each a " Vessel ," and collectively, the " Vessels .")


WHEREAS, the Partnership and certain of its subsidiaries have entered into the following debt facilities: (i) a senior secured credit facility, by and among Pegasus, Lance, Fareastern, and Seacrown, as joint and several borrowers, the banks and financial institutions named therein, as lenders, and Credit Suisse AG, as agent and security trustee, dated June 19, 2014, which is guaranteed by the Partnership, Dynagas Operating and Dynagas Equity (the " Existing CS Credit Agreement "), and (ii) a senior secured term loan facility by and among Solana and Navajo, as borrowers, ABN Amro NV, KFW IPEX- Bank GMBH and DNB Bank ASA. as lenders, and ABN AMRO NV, as agent, dated December 17, 2015 (the " Existing ABN Amro Credit Agreement ," and together with the Existing CS Credit Agreement, the " Existing Credit Agreements ").
WHEREAS, the Partnership intends to refinance the Existing Credit Agreements (the " Refinancing ") with a new credit agreement, by and among Arctic and Dynagas Finance LLC, a Delaware limited liability company and wholly-owned subsidiary of Arctic, as borrowers (the " Borrowers "), and the lenders specified in Annex I thereto, which shall be guaranteed by the Partnership and certain of its subsidiaries (the " New   Credit Agreement ").
WHEREAS , to accomplish the objectives and purposes of the Refinancing, including entry into the New Credit Agreement and the ancillary financing documents, the Partnership and certain of its subsidiaries desire to cause (i) Dynagas Equity to contribute all of the Contribution Subsidiary Shares to Arctic, and (ii) the Nevis Entities to contribute all of the Nevis Contribution Subsidiary Shares to Arctic.
WHEREAS , upon the consummation of the Contribution and Conveyance (as defined herein), the Nevis Entities will no longer serve the business purpose for which each was formed or have any assets and the Partnership and certain of its subsidiaries therefore desire to cause the Nevis Entities to be dissolved.
WHEREAS, each of the Parties have been, prior to the date of this Agreement, authorized to effect the transactions contemplated herein, effective as of the date hereof.
AGREEMENT
NOW, THEREFORE , in consideration of the mutual covenants contained herein, and for such other good and valuable consideration, the receipt of which is hereby acknowledged, the Parties hereto hereby agree as follows: ARTICLE I
ARTICLE I
CONTRIBUTIONS AND CONVEYANCE
1.1            Contribution and Specific Conveyance . The Parties acknowledge and agree that the following actions hereby occur effective on the date of this Agreement:
(a)
contribution by Dynagas Equity of the Contribution Subsidiary Shares to Arctic as a capital contribution, the receipt of which Arctic hereby acknowledges (the " Dynagas Equity Contribution ");


(b)
contribution by each of the Nevis Entities of their respective interest in the Nevis Contribution Subsidiary Shares to Arctic as a capital contribution, the receipt of which Arctic hereby acknowledges (the " Nevis Entity Contribution , and together with the Dynagas Equity Contribution, the " Contributions ");
(c)
execution and delivery to Arctic, by both Dynagas Equity and the Nevis Entities, respectively, as further evidence of the  Contributions, certain conveyance and stock transfer forms with respect to each Contribution Subsidiary and Nevis Contribution Subsidiary, as applicable (the " Specific Conveyances ," and together with the Contributions, the " Contribution and Conveyance "). The Specific Conveyances shall evidence and perfect such transfers to Arctic made by this Agreement and shall not constitute a second conveyance of any assets or interests therein and shall be subject to the terms of this Agreement;
(d)
execution and filing with the Nevis Registrar of Corporations, by Dynagas Equity, as sole shareholder of each Nevis Entity, articles of dissolution with respect to each Nevis Entity, which dissolution shall be effective upon such filing; and
(e)
ratification, approval and adoption by Artic of all prior resolutions entered into and prior actions taken by each of Dynagas Equity and the Nevis Entities with respect to the transactions contemplated herein.
1.2            Closing . The foregoing transactions shall be consummated without any further action on the part of the Parties hereto substantially simultaneously with the execution of the New Credit Agreement on the Closing Date, as defined in the New Credit Agreement.
ARTICLE II
REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF DYNAGAS EQUITY HOLDING; DISCLAIMER
2.1            Representations and Warranties .  Each of the Parties hereby represents and warrants that:
(a)            Each Contribution Subsidiary and each Nevis Contribution Subsidiary has been duly formed or incorporated and is validly existing in good standing under the laws of its respective jurisdiction of formation or incorporation and has all requisite power and authority to operate its assets, including the applicable owned Vessel, and conduct its business.
(b)            Correct and complete copies of the articles of association, articles of incorporation, bylaws, other organizational documents and all material agreements (as amended to the date of this Agreement) of Dynagas Equity, the Nevis Entities, each of the Contribution Subsidiaries and each of the Nevis Contribution Subsidiaries have been made available to Arctic;
(c)            The execution and delivery of this Agreement and all documents, instruments and agreements required to be executed and delivered by it pursuant to this Agreement in connection with the completion of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, have been duly authorized by all necessary actions by each Party, and this Agreement has been duly executed and delivered by each Party and constitutes a legal, valid and binding obligation of each Party enforceable in accordance with its terms, except as may be limited by bankruptcy, insolvency, liquidation, reorganization, reconstruction and other similar laws of general application affecting the enforceability of remedies and rights of creditors and except that equitable remedies such as specific performance and injunction are in the discretion of a court;


(d)            The execution, delivery and performance by it of this Agreement will not conflict with or result in any violation of or constitute a breach of any of the terms or provisions of, or result in the acceleration of any obligation under, or constitute a default under any provision of: (i) any of the Parties' articles of association, articles of incorporation or bylaws or other organizational documents; (ii) any lien, encumbrance, security interest, pledge, mortgage, charge, other claim, bond, indenture, agreement, contract, franchise license, permit or other instrument or obligation to which any Party is a party or is subject or by which any of such Parties' assets or properties may be bound; (iii) any applicable laws, statutes, ordinances, rules or regulations promulgated by a governmental authority, orders of a governmental authority, judicial decisions, decisions of arbitrators or determinations of any governmental authority or court (" Laws "); or (iv) any charter or vessel management agreement to which any Contribution Subsidiary or Nevis Contribution Subsidiary is a party or any material provision of any material contract to which a Party is a party or by which a Party's properties are bound;
(e)            Except as have already been obtained or that will be obtained in the ordinary course of business, no consent, permit, approval or authorization of, notice or declaration to or filing with any governmental authority or any other person, including those related to any environmental laws or regulations or the charters or vessel management agreements related to the vessels owned by the Contribution Subsidiaries and the Nevis Contribution Subsidiaries, is required in connection with the execution and delivery by any Party of this Agreement or the consummation by any Party of the transactions contemplated hereunder;
(f)            The Contribution Subsidiary Shares and the Nevis Contribution Subsidiary Shares, when conveyed to Arctic, are validly issued in accordance with each Contribution Subsidiary's and each Nevis Contribution Subsidiary's respective articles of association and are fully paid validly issued, and non-assessable;
(g)            Dynagas Equity is the sole owner of the entire beneficial interest in the Contribution Subsidiary Shares and has good legal title to the same, free and clear of all liens, encumbrances, security interests, pledges, mortgages, charges or other claims;
(h)            Quinta is the sole owner of the entire beneficial interest in the issued and outstanding share capital of Pegasus and has good legal title to the same, free and clear of all liens, encumbrances, security interests, pledges, mortgages, charges or other claims;
(i)            Pelta is the sole owner of the entire beneficial interest in the issued and outstanding share capital of Lance and has good legal title to the same, free and clear of all liens, encumbrances, security interests, pledges, mortgages, charges or other claims;
(j)            There is no outstanding agreement, contract, option, commitment or other right or understanding in favor of, or held by, any person other than Arctic to acquire the Contribution Subsidiary Shares, the Nevis Contribution Subsidiary Shares, the Contribution Subsidiaries, the Nevis Contribution Subsidiaries or their respective property or assets, including the Vessels, that has not been terminated or otherwise waived;
(k)            Each of the charters and the vessel management agreements to which each respective Contribution Subsidiary or Nevis Contribution Subsidiary is a party (as amended to the date of this Agreement) has been made available to Arctic;
(l)            Each of the charters, and any addenda thereto, to which each Contribution Subsidiary and each Nevis Contribution Subsidiary is a party, as listed on Schedule I hereto, is a

valid and binding agreement of each applicable Contribution Subsidiary or Nevis Contribution Subsidiary, as applicable, enforceable in accordance with its terms and, to the knowledge of the applicable Contribution Subsidiary, of all other parties thereto enforceable in accordance with its terms.
(m)            The Contribution Subsidiaries and Nevis Contribution Subsidiaries have fulfilled all material obligations required pursuant to the charters listed on Schedule I hereto and the vessel management agreements to have been performed by them prior to the date of this Agreement and have not waived any material rights thereunder; and no material default or breach exists in respect thereof on their part or, to their knowledge, any of the other parties thereto and, to their knowledge, no event has occurred which, after giving of notice or the lapse of time, or both, would constitute such a material default or breach;
(n)            Except for such liabilities, debts obligations, encumbrances, defects, restrictions or claims of a general nature and magnitude that would arise in connection with the operation of vessels of the same type as the Vessels in the ordinary course of business, there are no liabilities, debts or obligations of, encumbrances, defects or restrictions with respect to, or claims against the Contribution Subsidiaries or the Nevis Contribution Subsidiaries or any of the assets owned by each of them, including the Vessels, other than those arising under the Existing Credit Agreements; and
(o) The Vessels   are (i) adequate and suitable for use by the Contribution Subsidiaries and the Nevis Contribution Subsidiaries in their respective businesses as presently conducted by them in all material respects, ordinary wear and tear excepted; (ii) seaworthy in all material respects for hull and machinery insurance warranty purposes and is in good running order and repair; (iii) insured against all risks, and in amounts, consistent with common industry practices; (iv) in compliance with maritime laws and regulations; (v) duly registered under the flag of the Republic of the Marshall Islands or Malta, as applicable; and (vi) in compliance in all material respects with the requirements of its present class and classification society; and all class certificates of each of the Vessels, are clean and valid and free of recommendations affecting class.
2.2            Disclaimer of Warranties .  EXCEPT TO THE EXTENT PROVIDED IN THIS AGREEMENT OR IN ANY OTHER DOCUMENT EXECUTED OR DELIVERED IN CONNECTION WITH THIS AGREEMENT, THE PARTIES ACKNOWLEDGE AND AGREE THAT NONE OF THE PARTIES HAS MADE, DOES NOT MAKE, AND EACH SUCH PARTY SPECIFICALLY NEGATES AND DISCLAIMS, ANY REPRESENTATIONS, WARRANTIES, PROMISES, COVENANTS, AGREEMENTS OR GUARANTIES OF ANY KIND OR CHARACTER WHATSOEVER, WHETHER EXPRESS, IMPLIED OR STATUTORY, ORAL OR WRITTEN, PAST OR PRESENT, REGARDING (A) THE VALUE, NATURE, QUALITY OR CONDITION OF THE ASSETS OWNED BY THE CONTRIBUTION SUBSIDIARIES, INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, THE ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITION OF THE ASSETS GENERALLY, INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, THE PRESENCE OR LACK OF HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES OR OTHER MATTERS ON SUCH ASSETS, (B) THE INCOME TO BE DERIVED FROM SUCH ASSETS, (C) THE SUITABILITY OF SUCH ASSETS FOR ANY AND ALL ACTIVITIES AND USES THAT MAY BE CONDUCTED THEREON OR THEREWITH, (D) THE COMPLIANCE OF OR BY SUCH ASSETS OR THEIR OPERATION WITH ANY LAWS (INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION ANY ZONING, ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION, POLLUTION OR LAND USE LAWS, RULES, REGULATIONS, ORDERS OR REQUIREMENTS), OR (E) THE HABITABILITY, MERCHANTABILITY, MARKETABILITY, PROFITABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE OF

SUCH ASSETS.  EXCEPT TO THE EXTENT PROVIDED IN ANY OTHER DOCUMENT EXECUTED OR DELIVERED IN CONNECTION WITH THIS AGREEMENT, EACH PARTY ACKNOWLEDGES AND AGREES THAT SUCH PARTY HAS HAD THE OPPORTUNITY TO INSPECT THE ASSETS OF THE CONTRIBUTION SUBSIDIARIES AND THE NEVIS CONTRIBUTION SUBSIDIARIES, AND SUCH PARTY IS RELYING SOLELY ON ITS OWN INVESTIGATION OF THE ASSETS OF THE CONTRIBUTION SUBSIDIARIES AND NOT ON ANY INFORMATION PROVIDED OR TO BE PROVIDED BY ANY OF THE OTHER PARTIES.  EXCEPT TO THE EXTENT PROVIDED IN ANY OTHER DOCUMENT EXECUTED OR DELIVERED IN CONNECTION WITH THIS AGREEMENT, NONE OF THE PARTIES IS LIABLE OR BOUND IN ANY MANNER BY ANY VERBAL OR WRITTEN STATEMENTS, REPRESENTATIONS OR INFORMATION PERTAINING TO THE ASSETS OF THE CONTRIBUTION SUBSIDIARIES AND THE NEVIS CONTRIBUTION SUBSIDIARIES FURNISHED BY ANY AGENT, EMPLOYEE, SERVANT OR THIRD PARTY.  THIS SECTION SHALL SURVIVE THE CONTRIBUTION AND CONVEYANCE OF THE INTERESTS OR THE TERMINATION OF THIS AGREEMENT.  THE PROVISIONS OF THIS SECTION HAVE BEEN NEGOTIATED BY THE PARTIES AFTER DUE CONSIDERATION AND ARE INTENDED TO BE A COMPLETE EXCLUSION AND NEGATION OF ANY REPRESENTATIONS OR WARRANTIES, WHETHER EXPRESS, IMPLIED OR STATUTORY, WITH RESPECT TO THE ASSETS OF THE CONTRIBUTION SUBSIDIARIES THAT MAY ARISE PURSUANT TO ANY LAW NOW OR HEREAFTER IN EFFECT, OR OTHERWISE, EXCEPT AS SET FORTH IN THIS AGREEMENT OR ANY OTHER DOCUMENT EXECUTED OR DELIVERED IN CONNECTION WITH THIS AGREEMENT.
ARTICLE III
FURTHER ASSURANCES
3.1            Further Assurances .  From time to time after the date of this Agreement, and without any further consideration, the Parties agree to execute, acknowledge and deliver all such additional deeds, assignments, bills of sale, conveyances, instruments, notices, releases, acquittances and other documents, and will do all such other acts and things, all in accordance with applicable Law, as may be necessary or appropriate to (a) more fully to assure that the applicable Parties own all of the properties, rights, titles, interests, estates, remedies, powers and privileges granted by this Agreement, or which are intended to be so granted, (b) more fully and effectively to vest in the applicable Parties and their respective successors and assigns beneficial and record title to the interests contributed and assigned by this Agreement or intended so to be and (c) to more fully and effectively carry out the purposes and intent of this Agreement.
3.2            Power of Attorney .
(a)            Each of Dynagas Equity, Pelta and Quinta hereby constitutes and appoints each of Dimitrios Lampropoulos, Ioannis Edipidis, Konstantinos Lampsias, Christos Kehayas and Angelos Hardouvelis, each of 97 Poseidonos Ave & 2 Foivis Str. 166 74, Glyfada, Athens, Greece, and Michael Timpone, Keith Billotti, Hoyoon Nam, Kurt Plankl, Daniel Avezbaki, Eliza Murray and Juan Cañas, each of Seward & Kissel LLP, One Battery Park Plaza, New York, NY 10004 (each an " Attorney-in-Fact ") its true and lawful attorney-in-fact with full power of substitution for it and in its name, place and stead or otherwise on behalf of each of Dynagas Equity, Pelta and Quinta and its successors and assigns, and for the benefit of the Attorney-in-Fact to demand and receive from time to time the interests contributed and conveyed by this Agreement (or intended so to be) and to execute in the name of each of Dynagas Equity, Pelta and Quinta and its successors and assigns instruments of conveyance, instruments of further assurance and to give receipts and releases in respect of the

same, and from time to time to institute and prosecute in the name of Dynagas Equity, Pelta and Quinta for the benefit of the Attorney-in-Fact, any and all proceedings at law, in equity or otherwise which the Attorney-in-Fact may deem proper in order to (a) collect, assert or enforce any claims, rights or titles of any kind in and to the interests contributed and conveyed by this Agreement, (b) defend and compromise any and all actions, suits or proceedings in respect of any of the interests contributed and conveyed by this Agreement, and (c) do any and all such acts and things in furtherance of this Agreement as the Attorney-in-Fact shall deem advisable.  Dynagas Equity, Quinta and Pelta each hereby declare that the appointment hereby made and the powers hereby granted are coupled with an interest and are and shall be irrevocable and perpetual and shall not be terminated by any act of either of Dynagas Equity, Quinta or Pelta or its respective successors or assigns or by operation of law.
ARTICLE IV
MISCELLANEOUS
4.1            Survival of Representations and Warranties .  The representations and warranties of the Parties in this Agreement and in or under any documents, instruments and agreements delivered pursuant to this Agreement, will survive the completion of the transactions contemplated hereby regardless of any independent investigations that Arctic may make or cause to be made, or knowledge it may have, prior to the date of this Agreement and will continue in full force and effect for a period of six (6) months from the date of this Agreement.  At the end of such period, such representations and warranties will terminate, and no claim may be brought by Arctic against Dynagas Equity thereafter in respect of such representations and warranties, except for claims that have been asserted by Arctic prior to the date of this Agreement.
4.2            Costs .  The Partnership shall pay any and all sales, use and similar taxes arising out of the contributions, conveyances and deliveries to be made hereunder, and shall pay all documentary, filing, recording, transfer, deed, and conveyance taxes and fees required in connection with the transactions contemplated by this Agreement.
4.3            U.S. Federal Income Tax Treatment .  Arctic LNG Carriers is treated as a disregarded entity for United States federal income tax purpose and has filed IRS Form 8832 to elect such treatment, and shall not file a United States federal income tax return in a manner that is inconsistent with such treatment.
4.4            Headings; References; Interpretation .  All Article and Section headings in this Agreement are for convenience only and shall not be deemed to control or affect the meaning or construction of any of the provisions hereof.  The words "hereof," "herein" and "hereunder" and words of similar import, when used in this Agreement, shall refer to this Agreement as a whole and not to any particular provision of this Agreement.  All references herein to Articles and Sections shall, unless the context requires a different construction, be deemed to be references to the Articles and Sections of this Agreement, respectively.  All personal pronouns used in this Agreement, whether used in the masculine, feminine or neuter gender, shall include all other genders, and the singular shall include the plural and vice versa.  The use herein of the word "including" following any general statement, term or matter shall not be construed to limit such statement, term or matter to the specific items or matters set forth immediately following such word or to similar items or matters, whether or not non-limiting language (such as "without limitation," "but not limited to," or words of similar import) is used with reference thereto, but rather shall be deemed to refer to all other items or matters that could reasonably fall within the broadest possible scope of such general statement, term or matter.


4.5            Successors and Assigns .  The Agreement shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of the Parties and their respective successors and assigns.
4.6            No Third Party Rights .  The provisions of this Agreement are intended to bind the Parties as to each other and are not intended to and do not create rights in any other person or confer upon any other person any benefits, rights or remedies and no person is or is intended to be a third party beneficiary of any of the provisions of this Agreement.
4.7            Counterparts .  This Agreement may be executed in any number of counterparts, all of which together shall constitute one agreement binding on the parties hereto.
4.8            Governing Law .  This Agreement shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of New York without giving effect to any choice of law rules or provisions (whether of the State of New York or any other jurisdiction) that would cause the application of the laws of any jurisdiction other than the State of New York.  Each of the parties hereto submits to the exclusive jurisdiction of the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York (or, if jurisdiction in that court is not available, then any state court located within the Borough of Manhattan, City of New York) for any and all legal actions arising out of or in connection with this Agreement .
4.9            Severability .  If any of the provisions of this Agreement are held by any court of competent jurisdiction to contravene, or to be invalid under, the laws of any governmental body having jurisdiction over the subject matter hereof, such contravention or invalidity shall not invalidate the entire Agreement.  Instead, this Agreement shall be construed as if it did not contain the particular provision or provisions held to be invalid, and an equitable adjustment shall be made and necessary provision added so as to give effect, as nearly as possible, to the intention of the Parties as expressed in this Agreement at the time of execution of this Agreement.
4.10            Deed; Bill of Sale; Assignment .  To the extent required and permitted by applicable Law, this Agreement shall also constitute a "deed," "bill of sale" or "assignment" of the Interests.
4.11            Amendment or Modification .  This Agreement may be amended or modified from time to time only by the written agreement of all the Parties hereto.
4.12              Entire Agreement . This Agreement constitutes the entire agreement by the parties hereto and supersedes any other agreement, whether written or oral, that may have been made or entered into between them relating to the matters contemplated hereby.
4.13            Integration .  This Agreement and the instruments referenced herein supersede all previous understandings or agreements among the Parties, whether oral or written, with respect to its subject matter hereof.  This Agreement and such instruments contain the entire understanding of the Parties with respect to the subject matter hereof and thereof.  No understanding, representation, promise or agreement, whether oral or written, is intended to be or shall be included in or form part of this Agreement unless it is contained in a written amendment hereto executed by the Parties hereto after the date of this Agreement.
[ Remainder of Page Intentionally Left Blank ]

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, this Contribution and Conveyance Agreement has been duly executed by the parties set forth below.
 
DYNAGAS LNG PARTNERS LP
   
   
 
By:
/s/ Michael Gregos
 
Name:
Michael Gregos
 
Title:
Chief Financial Officer
   
 
DYNAGAS OPERATING LP
   
 
By:
/s/ Michael Gregos
 
Name:
Michael Gregos
 
Title:
Chief Financial Officer of Dynagas Operating GP LLC, the general partner of the Dynagas Operating LP
     
     
 
DYNAGAS EQUITY HOLDING LIMITED
   
 
By:
/s/ Konstantinos Lampsias
 
Name:
Konstantinos Lampsias
 
Title:
Attorney-In-Fact
     
     
 
ARCTIC LNG CARRIERS LTD.
   
 
By:
/s/ Konstantinos Lampsias
 
Name:
Konstantinos Lampsias
 
Title:
Attorney-in-fact
     
     
 
QUINTA GROUP CORP.
   
 
By:
/s/ Konstantinos Lampsias
 
Name:
Konstantinos Lampsias
 
Title:
Attorney-in-fact
     
     
 
PELTA HOLDINGS S.A.
   
 
By:
/s/ Konstantinos Lampsias
 
Name:
Konstantinos Lampsias
 
Title:
Attorney-in-fact
     
     



(Signature page to the Contribution and Conveyance Agreement)


Schedule I

Existing Time Charters

·
LNG Carrier Time Charter Agreement dated as of June 19, 2013, by and between Fareastern and Statoil ASA with respect to the Arctic Aurora .
·
LNG Carrier Time Charter Agreement, dated as of April 17, 2014, by and between Seacrown and Gazprom Marketing and Trading Singapore PTE. LTD with respect to the Amur River .
·
LNG Carrier Time Charter Agreement, dated as of October 31, 2016, by and between Pegasus and Gazprom Marketing and Trading Singapore PTE. LTD with respect to the Clean Energy .
·
LNG Carrier Time Charterparty, dated as of August 2, 2011, by and between Solana and Gazprom Global LNG Limited with respect to the Lena River .
·
LNG Carrier Time Charterparty, dated as of January 14, 2016, by and between Solana and Yamal Trade PTE. LTD. with respect to the Lena River .
·
LNG Carrier Time Charterparty, dated as of August 2, 2011, by and between Lance and Gazprom Global LNG Limited with respect to the Ob River .
·
LNG Carrier Time Charterparty, dated as of March 24, 2016, by and between Lance and Gazprom Marketing and Trading Singapore PTE. LTD with respect to the Ob River.
·
LNG Carrier Time Charterparty, dated as of August 2, 2011, by and between Navajo and Gazprom Global LNG Limited with respect to the Yenisei River .
·
LNG Carrier Time Charterparty, dated as of January 14, 2016, by and between Navajo and Yamal Trade PTE. LTD. with respect to the Yenisei River .

Exhibit 8.1
 
Subsidiaries


Name
Jurisdiction of Formation
Description
Percentage ownership
(direct or indirect)
Dynagas Operating LP
Marshall Islands
Holding Company
100%
 
 
 
 
Dynagas Operating GP LLC
Marshall Islands
General Partner of Dynagas Operating LP
100%
 
 
 
 
Dynagas Equity Holding Ltd.
Liberia
Holding Company
100%
 
 
 
 
Dynagas Finance Inc.
Marshall Islands
Finance Company
100%
 
 
 
 
Dynagas Finance LLC  Delaware Finance Company 100%
       
Pegasus Shipholding S.A.
Marshall Islands
Vessel Company
100%
 
 
 
 
Seacrown Maritime Ltd.
Marshall Islands
Vessel Company
100%
 
 
 
 
Lance Shipping S.A.
Marshall Islands
Vessel Company
100%
 
 
 
 
Fareastern Shipping Limited
Malta
Vessel Company
100%
 
 
 
 
Navajo Marine Limited
Marshall Islands
Vessel Company
100%
       
Solana Holding Limited
Marshall Islands
Vessel Company
100% 
       
Arctic LNG Carriers Ltd. Marshall Islands Holding Company  100%

 



Exhibit 12.1

CERTIFICATION OF THE PRINCIPAL EXECUTIVE OFFICER


I, Tony Lauritzen, certify that:

1. I have reviewed this annual report on Form 20-F of Dynagas LNG Partners LP;

2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the Partnership as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4. The Partnership's other certifying officers and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the Partnership and have:

(a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the Partnership, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

(b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

(c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the Partnership's disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

(d) Disclosed in this report any change in the Partnership's internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the period covered by the annual report that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the Partnership's internal control over financial reporting.

5. The Partnership's other certifying officers and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the Partnership's auditors and the audit committee of the Partnership's board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

(a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the Partnership's ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

(b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the Partnership's internal control over financial reporting.

Date: March 9, 2018

/s/ Tony Lauritzen
   
Tony Lauritzen
   
Chief Executive Officer and Director
   
Exhibit 12.2

CERTIFICATION OF THE PRINCIPAL FINANCIAL OFFICER


I, Michael Gregos, certify that:

1. I have reviewed this annual report on Form 20-F of Dynagas LNG Partners LP;

2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the Partnership as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4. The Partnership's other certifying officers and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f)) and 15d-15(f) for the Partnership and have:

(a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the Partnership, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

(b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

(c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the Partnership's disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

(d) Disclosed in this report any change in the Partnership's internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the period covered by the annual report that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the Partnership's internal control over financial reporting.

5. The Partnership's other certifying officers and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the Partnership's auditors and the audit committee of the Partnership's board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

(a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the Partnership's ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

(b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the Partnership's internal control over financial reporting.

Date: March 9, 2018



/s/ Michael Gregos
   
Michael Gregos
   
Chief Financial Officer
   


Exhibit 13.1

PRINCIPAL EXECUTIVE OFFICER CERTIFICATION
PURSUANT TO 18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350


In connection with this Annual Report of Dynagas LNG Partners LP (the "Partnership") on Form 20-F for the year ended December 31, 2017 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "SEC") on or about the date hereof (the "Report"), I, Tony Lauritzen, Chief Executive Officer of the Partnership, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that:
 
(1)
The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and

(2)
The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Partnership.
 
A signed original of this written statement has been provided to the Partnership and will be retained by the Partnership and furnished to the SEC or its staff upon request.
 
Date:  March 9, 2018
 
/s/ Tony Lauritzen
   
Tony Lauritzen
   
Chief Executive Officer and Director
   

Exhibit 13.2

PRINCIPAL FINANCIAL OFFICER CERTIFICATION
PURSUANT TO 18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350


In connection with this Annual Report of Dynagas LNG Partners LP (the "Partnership") on Form 20-F for the year ended December 31, 2017 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "SEC") on or about the date hereof (the "Report"), I, Michael Gregos, Chief Financial Officer of the Partnership, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that:

(1)
The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and

(2)
The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Partnership.

A signed original of this written statement has been provided to the Partnership and will be retained by the Partnership and furnished to the SEC or its staff upon request.

Date: March 9, 2018

/s/ Michael Gregos
   
Michael Gregos
   
Chief Financial Officer
   



Exhibit 15.1


CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

We consent to the incorporation by reference in the Registration Statement (Form F-3 No. 333-222237) of Dynagas LNG Partners LP and in the related Prospectus of our report dated March 9, 2018, with respect to the consolidated financial statements of Dynagas LNG Partners LP included in this Annual Report (Form 20-F) for the year ended December 31, 2017.


/s/ Ernst & Young (Hellas) Certified Auditors Accountants S.A.

Athens, Greece
March 9, 2018


Exhibit 15.2
 
 
 




March 9 th , 2018


 
Dear Sir/Madam:

Reference is made to the annual report on Form 20-F of Dynagas LNG Partners LP (the "Partnership") for the year ended December 31, 2017 (the "Annual Report") and the registration statement on Form F-3 (Registration No. 333-222237) of the Partnership, as may be amended, including the prospectus contained therein and any prospectus supplement related thereto (the "Registration Statement"). We hereby consent to the incorporation by reference in the Registration Statement of all references to our name in the Annual Report, to the references to our firm in the Annual Report, and to the use of the statistical information supplied by us set forth in the Annual Report.  We further advise the Company that our role has been limited to the provision of such statistical data supplied by us.  With respect to such statistical data, we advise you that:
 
(1)  W e have accurately described the international liquefied natural gas (LNG) industry; and
 
(2) Our methodologies for collecting information and data may differ from those of other sources and do not reflect all or even necessarily a comprehensive set of the actual transactions occurring in the containership industry.
 
 
We hereby consent to the filing of this letter as an exhibit to the Annual Report, which is incorporated by reference into the Registration Statement and any related prospectus.
 

Yours faithfully,


/s/ Nigel Gardiner

Nigel Gardiner
Managing Director
Drewry Shipping Consultants Ltd
 
 
 
LONDON  |  DELHI  |  SINGAPORE  |  SHANGHAI
Drewry Shipping Consultants, 15-17 Christopher Street, London EC2A 2BS, United Kingdom
t : +44 (0) 20 7538 0191    f : +44 (0) 20 7987 9396    e : enquiries@drewry.co.uk
Registered in England No. 3289135   Registered VAT No. 830 3017 77
www.drewry.co.uk