As filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission on February 7, 2020.

 

Registration Statement No. 333-235998

 

 

 

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

 

Amendment No. 1 to

FORM S-1

 

REGISTRATION STATEMENT

UNDER

THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933

 

DIGITAL ALLY, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

 

Nevada   3663   20-0064269

(State or other jurisdiction of

incorporation or organization)

 

(Primary Standard Industrial

Classification Code Number)

 

(I.R.S. Employer

Identification Number)

 

Digital Ally, Inc.

9705 Loiret Blvd.

Lenexa, KS 66219

(913) 814-7774

(Address, including zip code, and telephone number, including area code, of registrant’s principal executive offices)

 

Stanton E. Ross

Chief Executive Officer

Digital Ally, Inc.

9705 Loiret Blvd.

Lenexa, KS 66219

(913) 814-7774

(Name, address, including zip code, and telephone number, including area code, of agent for service)

 

Copies to:

 

David E. Danovitch, Esq.

Scott M. Miller, Esq.

Michael DeDonato, Esq.

Sullivan & Worcester LLP

1633 Broadway

New York, NY 10019

(212) 660-3060

 

Christian J. Hoffmann, III

9705 Loiret Blvd.

Lenexa, KS 66219

(913) 814-7774

 

M. Ali Panjwani, Esq.

Michael Brito-Stamm, Esq.

Pryor Cashman LLP

7 Times Square

New York, New York 10036

(212) 421-4100

 

Approximate date of commencement of proposed sale to the public: From time to time after this registration statement becomes effective.

 

If any of the securities being registered on this Form are to be offered on a delayed or continuous basis pursuant to Rule 415 under the Securities Act of 1933, check the following box: [X]

 

If this Form is filed to register additional securities for an offering pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act, please check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. [  ]

 

If this Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(c) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. [  ]

 

If this Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(d) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. [  ]

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

 

Large accelerated filer [  ] Accelerated filer [  ]
Non-accelerated filer [X] Smaller reporting company [X]
    Emerging growth company [  ]

 

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 7(a)(2)(B) of the Securities Act. [  ]

 

CALCULATION OF REGISTRATION FEE

 

Title of Each Class of Securities to be Registered (1)   Proposed Maximum Aggregate Offering Price (1)(2)    

Amount of

Registration

Fee (2)

 
Class A Units consisting of (3):   $ 9,200,000     $ 1,194.16  
(i) Common stock, par value $0.001 per share (4)            
(ii) Common stock purchase warrants to purchase common stock (4)            
Class B Units consisting of (3):   $ 8,000,000     $

1,038.40

 
(i) Pre-funded common stock purchase warrants (4)            
(ii) Common stock purchase warrants to purchase common stock (4)            
Common stock issuable upon exercise of the common stock purchase warrants (5)   $ 12,900,000     $ 1,674.47  
Common stock issuable upon exercise of the pre-funded common stock purchase warrants (3)    

     

 
Total   $ 30,100,000     $ 3,906.98 (6)

 

(1) Estimated solely for the purpose of computing the registration fee pursuant to Rule 457(o) under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”). Pursuant to Rule 416 under the Securities Act, this registration statement also covers such indeterminate number of additional shares of the registrant’s common stock, par value $0.001 per share (the “Common Stock”), issued to prevent dilution resulting from stock splits, stock dividends or similar events. No additional consideration will be received for such additional number of shares of Common Stock, and therefore no registration fee is required pursuant to Rule 457(i) under the Securities Act. This registration statement covers the offering price of additional units that the underwriters have the option to purchase.
   
(2) Calculated pursuant to Rule 457(o) based on an estimate of the proposed maximum aggregate offering price of all securities being registered.
   

(3)

The proposed maximum offering price of the Class A Units proposed to be sold in the offering will be reduced on a dollar-for-dollar basis based on the offering price of any Class B units offered and sold in the offering.

   
(4)

No separate fee is required pursuant to Rule 457(g) or Rule 457(i) under the Securities Act. 

   
(5) Relates to shares of Common Stock underlying the Common Stock purchase warrants, if such Common Stock purchase warrants are exercised for cash. If such Common Stock purchase warrants are exercised on a cashless basis, then the underlying shares of Common Stock shall be covered by the registration fee in respect of the Class A Units and Class B Units, as applicable.
   
(6) A filing fee of $4,581.94 was previously paid.

 

The registrant hereby amends this Registration Statement on such date or dates as may be necessary to delay its effective date until the registrant shall file a further amendment which specifically states that this Registration Statement shall thereafter become effective in accordance with section 8(A) of the Securities Act or until the Registration Statement shall become effective on such date as the Commission, acting pursuant to said section 8(A), may determine.

 

 

 

     
 

 

The information in this prospectus is not complete and may be changed. We may not sell these securities until the registration statement filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission is effective. This prospectus is not an offer to sell these securities and it is not soliciting offers to buy these securities in any jurisdiction where the offer or sale is not permitted.

 

PRELIMINARY PROSPECTUS   SUBJECT TO COMPLETION   DATED FEBRUARY 7, 2020​

 

Digital Ally, Inc.

 

Up to $8,000,000 of Class A Units consisting of shares of Common Stock and Common Stock Purchase Warrants; and

Class B Units consisting of Pre-funded Warrants (and shares of Common Stock underlying the Pre-funded Warrants) and Common Stock Purchase Warrants

 

Digital Ally, Inc. (the “Company”, “our”, “we” and “us”) is offering up to $8,000,000 of Class A Units, with each Class A Unit consisting of one share of common stock, par value $0.001 per share (the “Common Stock”), and one Common Stock purchase warrant to purchase 0.75 shares of our Common Stock (the “Warrants”) (together with the shares of Common Stock underlying such Warrants, the “Class A Units”) at a public offering price of $   per Class A Unit. Warrants included in the Class A Units have an exercise price of $   per whole share.

 

We are also offering up to $8,000,000 of Class B Units to purchasers who prefer to avoid beneficially owning more than 4.99% (or, at the election of the purchaser, 9.99%) of our outstanding Common Stock following the consummation of this offering. Each Class B Unit will consist of one Pre-funded Warrant to purchase one share of our Common Stock (the “Pre-Funded Warrant”) and one Warrant (the “Class B Units” and, together with the Class A Units, the “Units”). The purchase price of each Class B Unit will equal the price at which each Class A Unit is being sold to the public in this offering, minus $0.001, and the exercise price of each Pre-Funded Warrant will be $0.001 per share. This prospectus also relates to the shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of any Pre-Funded Warrants sold in this offering. For each Class B Unit that we sell, the number of Class A Units that we are offering will be decreased on a one-for-one basis.

 

The Class A Units and Class B Units will not be certificated and the shares of Common Stock, Pre-Funded Warrants and Warrants comprising such Units are immediately separable and will be issued separately in this offering.

 

Our Common Stock is listed on The Nasdaq Capital Market (“Nasdaq”) under the symbol “DGLY.” The last reported sale price for our Common Stock on Nasdaq on February 6, 2020 was $1.19 per share. The actual number of securities, the offering prices of the Units, and the exercise price for the Warrants will be as determined between us and the underwriters at the time of pricing, and may be at a discount to the current market price of our Common Stock. The price of our Common Stock on Nasdaq during recent periods will only be one of many factors in determining the public offering prices of the Units. Other factors to be considered in determining the public offering prices include our history, our prospects, the industry in which we operate, our past and present operating results, the previous experience of our executive officers, the general condition of the securities markets at the time of this offering and discussions between the underwriters and prospective investors.

 

We do not intend to list the Class A Units, the Class B Units, the Pre-Funded Warrants or the Warrants to be sold in this offering on any stock exchange or other trading market.

 

Investing in our securities involves a high degree of risk. Before making any investment in our securities, you should read and carefully consider the risks described in this prospectus under “Risk Factors” beginning on page 12 of this prospectus.

 

     
 

 

   

Per Class A

Unit (1)

   

Per Class B

Unit (1)

    Total  
Public offering price   $     $     $        
Underwriting discounts and commissions (2)   $     $     $  
Offering proceeds to us, before expenses   $           $           $  

 

(1) The public offering price and underwriting discount corresponds to (x) in respect of the Class A Units (i) a public offering price per share of Common Stock of $       and (ii) a public offering price per Warrant of $      and (y) in respect of the Class B Units (i) a public offering price per share of Pre-Funded Warrant of $     and (ii) a public offering price per Warrant of $    .
   
(2) We have agreed to pay certain expenses of the underwriters in this offering. We refer you to “Underwriting” on page 51 for additional information regarding underwriting compensation.

 

We have granted the underwriters an over-allotment option to purchase up to an additional         shares of Common Stock and/or Warrants to purchase up to         shares of Common Stock, in any combinations thereof, from us at the public offering price per security, less the underwriting discounts and commissions, to cover over-allotments, if any. The underwriters may exercise such option at any time during the 45-day period from the date of this prospectus. We refer you to “Underwriting” on page 51 of this prospectus for a description of the underwriters’ over-allotment option.

 

You should rely only on the information contained in this prospectus or any prospectus supplement or amendment hereto. We have not authorized anyone to provide you with different information.

 

Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved of these securities or determined if this prospectus is truthful or complete. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.

 

The underwriters expect to deliver the Units to the purchasers on or about February     , 2020.

 

Joint Book-Running Managers

Roth Capital Partners Lake Street

 

The date of this Prospectus is _________, 2020

 

     
 

 

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

  Page
Prospectus  
About this Prospectus 4
Prospectus Summary 5
The Offering 10
Risk Factors 12
Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements 29
Use of Proceeds 30
Market Price for Common Equity and Related Stockholder Matters 31
Capitalization 32
Dilution 33
Executive Compensation 34
Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management 43
Certain Relationships and Related Transactions 45
Description of Securities That We Are Offering 46
Underwriting 51
Material U.S. Federal Income Tax Considerations 58
Legal Matters 63
Experts 63
Where You Can Find More Information 63
Incorporation of Certain Information By Reference 64

 

You should rely only on the information contained in this prospectus and any free-writing prospectus that we authorize to be distributed to you. We have not, and the underwriters have not, authorized anyone to provide you with information different from or in addition to that contained in this prospectus or any related free-writing prospectus. If anyone provides you with different or inconsistent information, you should not rely on it. We are offering to sell, and are seeking offers to buy, the securities offered by this prospectus only in jurisdictions where offers and sales are permitted. The information contained in this prospectus is accurate only as of the date of this prospectus, regardless of the time of delivery of this prospectus or of any sale of the securities. Our business, financial conditions, results of operations and prospects may have changed since that date. You should also read and consider the information in the documents to which we have referred you under the caption “Where You Can Find More Information” in this prospectus.

 

  3  
 

 

ABOUT THIS PROSPECTUS

 

The registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part that we have filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”), includes exhibits that provide more detail of the matters discussed in this prospectus. You should read this prospectus and the related exhibits filed with the SEC, together with the additional information described under the headings “Where You Can Find More Information” and “Incorporation of Certain Information by Reference” before making your investment decision.

 

You should rely only on the information provided in this prospectus or in any prospectus supplement or any free writing prospectuses or amendments thereto. Neither we nor the underwriters have authorized anyone else to provide you with different information. If anyone provides you with different or inconsistent information, you should not rely on it. You should assume that the information in this prospectus is accurate only as of the date hereof. Our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects may have changed since that date.

 

Neither we nor the underwriters are offering to sell or seeking offers to purchase these securities in any jurisdiction where the offer or sale is not permitted. Neither we, nor the underwriters, have done anything that would permit this offering or possession or distribution of this prospectus in any jurisdiction where action for that purpose is required, other than in the United States. Persons outside the United States who come into possession of this prospectus must inform themselves about, and observe any restrictions relating to, the offering of the securities as to distribution of the prospectus outside of the United States.

 

Solely for convenience, our trademarks and tradenames referred to in this registration statement, may appear without the ® or ™ symbols, but such references are not intended to indicate in any way that we will not assert, to the fullest extent under applicable law, our rights to these trademarks and tradenames.

 

Information contained in, and that can be accessed through our website, www.digitalallyinc.com, does not constitute part of this prospectus.

 

This prospectus includes market and industry data that has been obtained from third party sources, including industry publications, as well as industry data prepared by our management on the basis of its knowledge of and experience in the industries in which we operate (including our management’s estimates and assumptions relating to such industries based on that knowledge). Management’s knowledge of such industries has been developed through its experience and participation in these industries. While our management believes the third-party sources referred to in this prospectus are reliable, neither we nor our management have independently verified any of the data from such sources referred to in this prospectus or ascertained the underlying economic assumptions relied upon by such sources. Internally prepared and third-party market forecasts, in particular, are estimates only and may be inaccurate, especially over long periods of time. In addition, the underwriters have not independently verified any of the industry data prepared by management or ascertained the underlying estimates and assumptions relied upon by management. Furthermore, references in this prospectus to any publications, reports, surveys or articles prepared by third parties should not be construed as depicting the complete findings of the entire publication, report, survey or article. The information in any such publication, report, survey or article is not incorporated by reference in this prospectus.

 

  4  
 

 

PROSPECTUS SUMMARY

 

This summary highlights certain information about us, this offering and selected information contained elsewhere in or incorporated by reference into this prospectus. This summary is not complete and does not contain all the information that you should consider before deciding whether to invest in the securities covered by this prospectus. For a more complete understanding of Digital Ally, Inc. and this offering, we encourage you to read and consider carefully the more detailed information in this prospectus, including the information in any free writing prospectus that we have authorized for use in connection with this offering, including the information set forth in the section titled “Risk Factors” in this prospectus beginning on page 12. Unless the context provides otherwise, all references herein to “Digital Ally”, “the “Company”, “we”, “our” and “us” refer to Digital Ally, Inc.

 

Company Overview

 

We produce digital video imaging and storage products for use in law enforcement, security and commercial applications. Our current products are an in-car digital video/audio recorder contained in a rear-view mirror for use in law enforcement and commercial fleets; a system that provides its law enforcement customers with audio/video surveillance from multiple vantage points and hands-free automatic activation of body-worn cameras and in-car video systems; a miniature digital video system designed to be worn on an individual’s body; and cloud storage solutions. We have active research and development programs to adapt our technologies to other applications. We can integrate electronic, radio, computer, mechanical, and multi-media technologies to create unique solutions to address needs in a variety of other industries and markets, including mass transit, school bus, taxicab and the military. We sell our products to law enforcement agencies, private security customers and organizations and consumer and commercial fleet operators through direct sales domestically and third-party distributors internationally.

 

Our Products

 

We supply technology-based products utilizing our portable digital video and audio recording capabilities for the law enforcement and security industries and for the commercial fleet and mass transit markets. We have the ability to integrate electronic, radio, computer, mechanical, and multi-media technologies to create positive solutions to our customers’ requests. Our products include: the DVM-800 and DVM-800 Lite, in-car digital video mirror systems for law enforcement; the FirstVU and the FirstVU HD, body-worn cameras, our patented and revolutionary VuLink product, which integrates our body-worn cameras with our in-car systems by providing hands-free automatic activation for both law enforcement and commercial markets; the DVM-250 and DVM-250 Plus, a commercial line of digital video mirrors that serve as “event recorders” for the commercial fleet and mass transit markets; and FleetVU and VuLink, our cloud-based evidence management systems. We introduced the EVO-HD product in the second quarter of 2019 and began full-scale deliveries in the third quarter 2019. The EVO-HD is designed and built on a new and highly advanced technology platform that we expect to become the platform for a new family of in-car video solution products for the law enforcement and commercial markets. We believe that the launch of these new products will help to reinvigorate our in-car and body-worn systems revenues while diversifying and broadening the market for our product offerings. The following describes our product portfolio.

 

In-Car Digital Video Mirror System for law enforcement – EVO-HD, DVM-800 and DVM-800 Lite

 

In-car video systems for patrol cars are now a necessity and have generally become standard. Current systems are primarily digital based systems with cameras mounted on the windshield and the recording device generally in the trunk, headliner, dashboard, console or under the seat of the vehicle. Most manufacturers have already developed and transitioned completely to digital video, and some have offered full high definition (“HD”) level recordings which is currently state-of-art for the industry.

 

Our digital video rear-view mirror unit is a self-contained video recorder, microphone and digital storage system that is integrated into a rear-view mirror, with a monitor, global positioning system (“GPS”) and 900 megahertz (“MHz”) audio transceiver. Our system is more compact and unobtrusive than certain of our competitors because it requires no recording equipment to be located in other parts of the vehicle.

 

  5  
 

 

Our in-car digital video rear-view mirror has the following features:

 

  wide angle zoom color camera;
     
  standards-based video and audio compression and recording;
     
  system is concealed in the rear-view mirror, replacing factory rear-view mirror;
     
  monitor in rear-view mirror is invisible when not activated;
     
  eliminates need for analog tapes to store and catalogue;
     
  easily installs in any vehicle;
     
  ability to integrate with body-worn cameras including auto-activation of either system;
     
  archives audio/video data to the cloud, computers (wirelessly) and to compact flash memory, or file servers;
     
  900 MHz audio transceiver with automatic activation;
     
  marks exact location of incident with integrated GPS;
     
  playback using Windows Media Player;
     
  optional wireless download of stored video evidence;
     
  proprietary software protects the chain of custody; and
     
  records to rugged and durable solid-state memory.

 

The Company has completed development of a new in-car digital video platform under the name EVO-HD which it launched during the second quarter of 2019. The EVO-HD is a next generation system that offers a multiple HD in-car camera solution system with built-in patented VuLink auto-activation technology. The EVO-HD is built on an entirely new and highly advanced technology platform that enables many new and revolutionary features, including auto activation beyond the car and body camera. No other provider can offer built-in patented VuLink auto-activation technology. The EVO-HD provides law enforcement officers with an easier to use, faster and more advanced system for capturing video evidence and uploading than similar products sold by the Company’s competitors. Additional features include:

 

  a remote cloud trigger feature that allows dispatchers to remotely start recordings;
     
  simultaneous audio/video play back;
     
  cloud connectivity via cell modem, including the planned deployment of the new 5G network;
     
  near real-time mapping and system health monitoring;
     
  body-camera connectivity with built-in auto activation technology; and
     
  128 gigabyte internal storage, up to 2 terabyte external solid-state drive storage.

 

The EVO-HD is designed and built on a new and highly advanced technology platform that will become the platform for a whole new family of in-car video solution products for the law enforcement. The innovative EVO-HD technology replaces the current in-car mirror-based systems with a miniaturized system that can be custom-mounted in the vehicle while offering numerous hardware configurations to meet the varied needs and requirements of its law enforcement customers. The EVO-HD can support up to four HD cameras, with two cameras having pre-event and evidence capture assurance (“ECA”) capabilities to allow agencies to review entire shifts. An internal cell modem will allow for connectivity to the VuVault.net cloud, powered by Amazon Web Services (“AWS”) and real time metadata when in the field.

 

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In-Car Digital Video “Event Recorder” System – DVM-250 Plus for Commercial Fleets

 

Digital Ally provides commercial fleets and commercial fleet managers with the digital video tools that they need to increase driver safety and track assets in real-time and minimize the company’s liability risk, all while enabling fleet managers to operate the fleet at an optimal level. We market a product designed to address these commercial fleet markets with our DVM-250 Plus event recorders that provide all types of commercial fleets with features and capabilities which are fully-customizable, consistent with their specific application and inherent risks. The DVM-250 Plus is a rear-view mirror based digital audio and video recording system with many, but not all of, the features of our DVM-800 law enforcement mirror systems, which we sell at a lower price point. The DVM-250 Plus is designed to capture “events,” such as wrecks and erratic driving or other abnormal occurrences, for evidentiary or training purposes. The commercial fleet markets may find our units attractive from both a feature and a cost perspective compared to other providers. We believe that due to our marketing efforts, commercial fleets are adopting this technology, in particular the ambulance and taxi-cab markets.

 

Digital Ally offers a suite of data management web-based tools to assist fleet managers in the organization, archival, and management of videos and telematics information. Within the suite, there are powerful mapping and reporting tools that are intended to optimize efficiency, serve as excellent training tools for teams on safety and ultimately generate a significant return on investment for the organization.

 

The EVO-HD described above will also become the platform for a whole new family of in-car video solution products for the commercial markets. The innovative EVO-HD technology will replace the current in-car mirror-based systems with a miniaturized system that can be custom-mounted in the vehicle while offering numerous hardware configurations to meet the varied needs and requirements of its commercial customers. In its commercial market application, the EVO-HD can support up to four HD cameras, with two cameras having pre-event and ECA capabilities to allow customers to review entire shifts. An internal cell modem will allow for connectivity to the FleetVU Manager cloud-based system for commercial fleet tracking and monitoring, powered by AWS and real time metadata when in the field.

 

Miniature Body-Worn Digital Video System – FirstVU HD for law enforcement and private security

 

This system is also a derivative of our in-car video systems, but is much smaller and lighter and more rugged and water-resistant to handle a hostile outdoor environment. These systems can be used in many applications in addition to law enforcement and private security and are designed specifically to be clipped to an individual’s pocket or other outer clothing. The unit is self-contained and requires no external battery or storage devices. Current systems offered by competitors are digital based, but generally require a battery pack and/or storage device to be connected to the camera by wire or other means. We believe that our FirstVU HD product is more desirable for potential users than our competitors’ offerings because of its video quality, small size, shape and lightweight characteristics. Our FirstVU HD integrates with our in-car video systems through our patented VuLink system allowing for automatic activation of both systems.

 

Auto-activation and Interconnectivity between in-car video systems and FirstVU HD body worn camera products – VuLink for law enforcement applications

 

Recognizing a critical limitation in law enforcement camera technology, we pioneered the development of our VuLink ecosystem that provides intuitive auto-activation functionality as well as coordination between multiple recording devices. The United States Patent and Trademark Office (the “USPTO”) has recognized these pioneering efforts by granting us multiple patents with claims covering numerous features, such as automatically activating an officer’s cameras when the light bar is activated or when a data-recording device such as a smart weapon is activated. Additionally, the awarded patent claims cover automatic coordination between multiple recording devices. Prior to this work, officers were forced to manually activate each device while responding to emergency scenarios, a requirement that both decreased the usefulness of the existing camera systems and diverted officers’ attention during critical moments. Our FirstVU HD integrates with our in-car video systems through our patented VuLink system allowing for automatic activation of both systems.

 

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This feature is becoming a standard feature required by many law agencies. Unfortunately, certain of our competitors have chosen to infringe our patent and develop products that provide the same or similar features as our VuLink system. We filed lawsuits against two competitors – Axon Enterprises, Inc. (“Axon,” formerly known as Taser International, Inc.) and Enforcement Video, LLC d/b/a WatchGuard Video (“WatchGuard”) – which challenge Axon’s and WatchGuard’s infringing products. On May 13, 2019, WatchGuard and the Company resolved the dispute and executed a settlement agreement in the form of a Release and License Agreement. The litigation has been dismissed as a result of this settlement.

 

Axon On June 17, 2019, the U.S. District Court for the District of Kansas granted Axon’s motion for summary judgment that Axon did not infringe on the Company’s patent and dismissed the case. Importantly, the Court’s ruling did not find that Digital’s ’452 Patent was invalid. It also did not address any other issue, such as whether the Company’s requested damages were appropriate, and it does not impact the Company’s ability to file additional lawsuits to hold other competitors accountable for patent infringement. This ruling solely related to an interpretation of the Company’s claims as they relate to Axon and was unrelated to the supplemental briefing the Company recently filed on its damages claim and the WatchGuard settlement. Those issues are separate and the judge’s ruling on summary judgment had nothing to do with the Company’s damages request. The Company has filed an appeal to this ruling and has asked the appellate court to reverse this decision. The Company filed its Opening Appeal Brief on August 26, 2019 and Axon filed its Responsive Brief on November 6, 2019. The Company filed its Reply Brief responding to Axon on November 27, 2019. The Company expects oral arguments to occur in February 2020 and a decision later in the first or second quarter 2020.

 

WatchGuard On May 27, 2016, the Company filed suit against WatchGuard alleging patent infringement based on WatchGuard’s VISTA Wifi and 4RE In-Car product lines. On May 13, 2019, the parties resolved the dispute and executed a settlement agreement in the form of a Release and License Agreement. The litigation has been dismissed as a result of this settlement. The Release and License Agreement contains the following key terms:

 

  WatchGuard paid Digital Ally a one-time, lump settlement payment of $6,000,000.
     
  Digital Ally has granted WatchGuard a perpetual covenant not to sue if WatchGuard’s products incorporate agreed-upon modified recording functionality. Digital Ally has also granted WatchGuard a license to the ’292 Patent and the ’452 Patent (and related patents, now existing and yet-to-issue) through December 31, 2023. The parties have agreed to negotiate in good faith to attempt to resolve any alleged infringement that occurs after the license period expires.
     
  The parties have further agreed to release each other from all claims or liabilities pre-existing the settlement.
     
  As part of the settlement, the parties agreed that WatchGuard is making no admission that it has infringed any of Digital Ally’s patents.

 

Upon receipt of the $6,000,000, the parties filed a joint motion to dismiss the lawsuit which the Judge granted.

 

We believe that the outcome of the Axon lawsuit will largely define the competitive landscape for the body-worn and in-car video market for the foreseeable future. We expect that our VuLink product and its related patents will be recognized as the revolutionary and pioneering invention by the U.S. courts.

 

VuVault.net and FleetVU Manager

 

VuVault.net is a cost-effective, fully expandable, law enforcement cloud storage solution powered by AWS that provides redundant and security-enhanced storage of all uploaded videos that comply with the United States Federal Bureau of Investigation’s Criminal Justice Information Services Division requirements.

 

FleetVU Manager is our web-based software for commercial fleet tracking and monitoring that features and manages video captured by our video event data recorders of incidents requiring attention, such as accidents. This software solution features our cloud-based web portal that utilizes many of the features of our VuVault.net law-enforcement cloud-based storage solution.

 

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Other Products

 

During the last year, we focused our research and development efforts to meet the varying needs of our customers, enhance our existing products and commence development of new products and product categories. Our research and development efforts are intended to maintain and enhance our competitiveness in the market niche we have carved out, as well as positioning us to compete in diverse markets outside of law enforcement. In December 2019, the Company announced a partnership with Pivot International for design and manufacture of a new and innovative Breathalyzer Device utilizing the Company’s recently issued patent. With this new technology, when an officer is conducting a field sobriety test and the breathalyzer is activated, the digital video recording device will automatically start a recording, later embedding the meta-data captured onto the recorded video. The ‘732 Patent was granted by the U.S. Patent Office in August of 2019 and is an expansion of Digital Ally’s patented VuLink automatic activation technology.

 

Corporate Information

 

We were incorporated in Nevada on December 13, 2000 as Vegas Petra, Inc. From that date until November 30, 2004, when we entered into a Plan of Merger with Digital Ally, Inc., a Nevada corporation, which was formerly known as Trophy Tech Corporation (the “Acquired Company”), we had not conducted any operations and were a closely-held company. In conjunction with the merger, we were renamed Digital Ally, Inc.

 

The Acquired Company, which was incorporated on May 16, 2003, engaged in the design, development, marketing and sale of bow hunting-related products. Its principal product was a digital video recording system for use in the bow hunting industry. It changed its business plan in 2004 to adapt its digital video recording system for use in the law enforcement and security markets. We began shipments of our in-car digital video rear view mirrors in March 2006.

 

On January 2, 2008, we commenced trading on Nasdaq under the symbol “DGLY.” We conduct our business from 9705 Loiret Boulevard, Lenexa, Kansas 66219. Our website address is www.digitalallyinc.com. Information contained on our website does not form part of this prospectus and is intended for informational purposes only.

 

  9  
 

 

THE OFFERING

 

Class A Units Offered   We are offering      Class A Units. Each Class A Unit consists of one share of Common Stock and a Warrant to purchase 0.75 shares of our Common Stock (together with the shares of Common Stock underlying such Warrants).
     
Offering Price per Class A Unit   $    combined price for each Class A Unit.
     
Class B Units Offered   We are also offering       Class B Units to purchasers who prefer to avoid beneficially owning more than 4.99% (or, at the election of the purchaser, 9.99%) of our outstanding Common Stock following the consummation of this offering. Each Class B Unit will consist of one Pre-Funded Warrant to purchase one share of Common Stock and a Warrant to purchase 0.75 shares of our Common Stock (together with the shares of Common Stock underlying such Pre-Funded Warrants and such Warrants).
     
Offering Price per Class B Unit   $      combined price for each Class B Unit.
     
Description of Warrants   The Warrants will be exercisable beginning on the closing date and expire on the fifth anniversary of the closing date and have an initial exercise price per share equal to $     per share, subject to appropriate adjustment in the event of recapitalization events, stock dividends, stock splits, stock combinations, reclassifications, reorganizations or similar events affecting our Common Stock.
     
Description of Pre-Funded Warrants   Each Pre-Funded Warrant is exercisable at any time at the holder’s option into one share of Common Stock at an initial exercise price of $0.001 per share. Notwithstanding the foregoing, we shall not effect any exercise of a Pre-Funded Warrant, with certain exceptions, to the extent that, after giving effect to an attempted exercise, the holder of shares of such Pre-Funded Warrant (together with such holder’s affiliates, and any persons acting as a group together with such holder or any of such holder’s affiliates) would beneficially own a number of shares of our Common Stock in excess of 4.99% (or, upon election by a holder prior to the issuance of any Pre-Funded Warrant, 9.99%) of the shares of our Common Stock then outstanding after giving effect to such exercise. For additional information, see “Description of Securities That We Are Offering — Pre-Funded Warrants” on page 48 of this prospectus.
     
Shares of Common Stock underlying the Warrants         shares.
     
Common Stock outstanding before this offering (1)   13,367,172 shares of Common Stock as of February 6, 2020.

 

  10  
 

 

Common Stock to be outstanding after this offering (1)         shares of Common Stock (assuming the sale of       shares of Common Stock, no sale of any Pre-Funded Warrants, no exercise of any of the Pre-Funded Warrants or Warrants issued in this offering, and no exercise of the underwriters’ over-allotment option).
     
Over-allotment option   We have granted the representative an option to purchase additional shares of Common Stock equal to 15% of the shares of Common Stock (including shares of Common Stock underlying the Pre-Funded Warrants) sold in the offering and/or Warrants equal to 15% of the Warrants in the offering at the public offering price per share of Common Stock and the public offering price per Warrant set forth on the cover page hereto less the underwriting discounts and commission. This option is exercisable, in whole or in part, for a period of 45 days from the date of this prospectus.
     
Use of proceeds   We intend to use the net proceeds of this offering for the repayment of debt as well as for general corporate purposes, including for continued investments in our commercialization efforts. See “Use of Proceeds” herein.
     
Risk factors   Investing in our securities involves a high degree of risk. You should read the “Risk Factors” section on page 12 of this prospectus for a discussion of factors to consider before deciding to invest in the units.
     
Nasdaq symbol   DGLY.
     
No Listing of Units   We do not intend to apply for listing of the Class A Units or the Class B Units on any securities exchange or trading system.
     
No listing of Warrants   We do not intend to apply for listing of the Warrants on any securities exchange or trading system.
     
No listing of Pre-Funded Warrants   We do not intend to apply for listing of the Pre-Funded Warrants on any securities exchange or trading system.

 

  (1) The number of shares of our Common Stock outstanding prior to and to be outstanding immediately after this offering, as set forth in the table above, is based on 13,367,172 outstanding as of February 6, 2020, and includes or excludes the following as of such date:

 

  excludes 589,125 shares of our Common Stock issuable upon exercise of outstanding options with a weighted average exercise price of $3.74 per share as of February 6, 2020;
     
  includes 770,000 shares of our Common Stock subject to forfeiture pursuant to outstanding non-vested Restricted Stock grants as of February 6, 2020;
     
  excludes 99,136 shares of our Common Stock as of February 6, 2020 reserved for future issuance pursuant to our existing stock incentive plans;
     
  excludes 4,860,323 shares of our Common Stock issuable upon exercise of warrants outstanding as of February 6, 2020 having a weighted average exercise price of $5.12 per share;
     
  excludes the issuance of up to 541,284 shares of our Common Stock issuable from time to time upon conversion of $757,797 principal balance as of February 6, 2020 of outstanding 8% Senior Secured Convertible Promissory Notes issued on August 5, 2019; and
     
  excludes 63,518 shares of our Common Stock held as treasury stock as of February 6, 2020.

 

  11  
 

 

RISK FACTORS

 

Investing in our securities involves a high degree of risk. You should carefully consider and evaluate all of the information contained in this prospectus and in the documents that we incorporate by reference into this prospectus before you decide to purchase our securities. In particular, you should carefully consider and evaluate the risks and uncertainties described under the heading “Risk Factors” in this prospectus. Any of the risks and uncertainties set forth in this prospectus, as updated by annual, quarterly and other reports and documents that we file with the SEC and incorporate by reference into this prospectus could materially and adversely affect our business, results of operations and financial condition, which in turn could materially and adversely affect the value of our securities. As a result, you could lose all or part of your investment.

 

Risks Related to this Offering of Securities

 

Our insiders and affiliated parties beneficially own a significant portion of our Common Stock.

 

As of the date of this prospectus, our executive officers, directors, and affiliated parties beneficially own approximately 21.2% of our Common Stock, including options vested or to vest within sixty (60) days. As a result, our executive officers, directors and affiliated parties will have significant influence to:

 

  elect or defeat the election of our directors;
     
  amend or prevent amendment of our articles of incorporation or bylaws;
     
  effect or prevent a merger, sale of assets, change of control or other corporate transaction; and
     
  affect the outcome of any other matter submitted to the stockholders for vote.

 

In addition, any sale of a significant amount of our Common Stock held by our directors and executive officers, or the possibility of such sales, could adversely affect the market price of our Common Stock. Management’s stock ownership may discourage a potential acquirer from making a tender offer or otherwise attempting to obtain control of us, which in turn could reduce our stock price or prevent our stockholders from realizing any gains from our Common Stock. Furthermore, the interests of this concentration of ownership may not always coincide with our interests or the interests of other stockholders. Accordingly, these stockholders could cause us to enter into transactions or agreements that we would not otherwise consider.

 

The market price for our Common Stock is particularly volatile given our status as a relatively unknown company with a small and thinly traded public float, and lack of profits, which could lead to wide fluctuations in the share price of our Common Stock. You may be unable to sell any shares of Common Stock that you hold at or above your purchase price, which may result in substantial losses to you.

 

The market for our Common Stock is characterized by significant price volatility when compared to the shares of larger, more established companies that trade on a national securities exchange and have large public floats, and we expect that the share price of our Common Stock will continue to be more volatile than the shares of such larger, more established companies for the indefinite future. The volatility in the share price of our Common Stock is attributable to a number of factors. First, as noted above, our Common Stock is, compared to the shares of such larger, more established companies, sporadically and thinly traded. The price for our shares of share price of our Common Stock could, for example, decline precipitously in the event that a large number of shares of our Common Stock is sold on the market without commensurate demand. Secondly, an investment in our securities is a speculative or “risky” investment due to our lack of profits to date. As a consequence of this enhanced risk, more risk-adverse investors may, under the fear of losing all or most of their investment in the event of negative news or lack of progress, be more inclined to sell their shares of share price of our Common Stock on the market more quickly and at greater discounts than would be the case with the stock of a larger, more established company that trades on a national securities exchange and has a large public float. Many of these factors are beyond our control and may decrease the market price of our Common Stock regardless of our operating performance.

 

  12  
 

 

The sale or availability for sale of shares of our Common Stock issuable upon exercise of the Pre-Funded Warrants or upon exercise of the Warrants may depress the price of our Common Stock and encourage short sales by third parties, which could further depress the price of our Common Stock.

 

To the extent that the purchasers of the Pre-Funded Warrant or the Warrants issued in connection with this offering sell shares of our Common Stock issued upon exercise of the Pre-Funded Warrants or upon exercise of the Warrants, the market price of such shares may decrease due to the additional selling pressure in the market. In addition, the risk of dilution from issuances of such shares may cause stockholders to sell their shares of our Common Stock, which could further contribute to any decline in the price of our Common Stock. Any downward pressure on the price of our Common Stock caused by the sale or potential sale of such shares could encourage short sales by third parties. In a short sale, a prospective seller borrows shares from a stockholder or broker and sells the borrowed shares. The prospective seller hopes that the share price will decline, at which time the seller can purchase shares at a lower price for delivery back to the lender. The seller profits when the share price declines because it is purchasing shares at a price lower than the sale price of the borrowed shares. Such sales could place downward pressure on the price of our Common Stock by increasing the number of shares of our Common Stock being sold, which could further contribute to any decline in the market price of our Common Stock.

 

In the event that the mandatory prepayment provision under our 8% Senior Secured Convertible Promissory Notes due August 4, 2020 (each, a “Note,” and, collectively, the “Notes”) is triggered, servicing such debt will require a significant amount of cash, and we may not have sufficient cash flow from our business to make payments on our debt, and such prepayment, if triggered, may adversely affect our financial condition and operating results.

 

Our ability to make scheduled payments of the principal of, to pay interest on or to refinance our indebtedness, including the Notes, depends on our future performance, which is subject to economic, financial, competitive and other factors that may be beyond our control. Our business may not continue to generate cash flow from operations in the future sufficient to service our debt and make necessary capital expenditures. If we are unable to generate such cash flow, we may be required to adopt one or more alternatives, such as selling assets, restructuring debt or obtaining additional debt financing or equity capital on terms that may be onerous or highly dilutive. Our ability to refinance our indebtedness will depend on the capital markets and our financial condition at such time. We may not be able to engage in any of these activities or engage in these activities on desirable terms, which could result in a default on our debt obligations, including the Notes. In addition, any of our future debt agreements may contain restrictive covenants that may prohibit us from adopting any of these alternatives. Our failure to comply with these covenants could result in an event of default which, if not cured or waived, could result in the acceleration of our debt.

 

If we are not able to comply with the applicable continued listing requirements or standards of Nasdaq, Nasdaq could delist our Common Stock.

 

Our Common Stock is currently listed on The Nasdaq Capital Market. In order to maintain that listing, we must satisfy minimum financial and other continued listing requirements and standards, including those regarding director independence and independent committee requirements, minimum stockholders’ equity, minimum share price, and certain corporate governance requirements. There can be no assurances that we will be able to comply with the applicable listing standards.

 

In the event that our Common Stock is delisted from The Nasdaq Capital Market and is not eligible for quotation on another market or exchange, trading of our Common Stock could be conducted in the over-the-counter market or on an electronic bulletin board established for unlisted securities such as the Pink Sheets or the OTC Bulletin Board. In such event, it could become more difficult to dispose of, or obtain accurate price quotations for, our Common Stock, and there would likely also be a reduction in our coverage by securities analysts and the news media, which could cause the price of our Common Stock to decline further. Also, it may be difficult for us to raise additional capital if we are not listed on a major exchange. On July 11, 2019, the Company was officially notified by The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC (“Nasdaq”) that, for the previous 30 consecutive business days, the minimum Market Value of Listed Securities (the “MVLS”) for our Common Stock was below the $35 million minimum MVLS requirement for continued listing on The Nasdaq Capital Market under Nasdaq Listing Rule 5550(b)(2) (the “MVLS Rule”). In accordance with Nasdaq Listing Rule 5810(c)(3)(C), we had 180 calendar days, or until January 7, 2020, to regain compliance with the MVLS Rule. To regain compliance with the MVLS Rule, the minimum MVLS for our Common Stock must have been at least $35 million for a minimum of 10 consecutive business days at any time during this 180-day period. If we failed to regain compliance with such rule by January 7, 2020, we may be delisted from The Nasdaq Capital Market. In the event of such notification, the Nasdaq rules permit us an opportunity to appeal Nasdaq’s determination. In the event we are delisted from The Nasdaq Capital Market, our Common Stock may lose liquidity, increase volatility, and lose market maker support.

 

  13  
 

 

On January 8, 2020, we received a determination letter (the “Letter”) from the staff (the “Staff”) of Nasdaq stating that the Company has not regained compliance with the MVLS Standard, since our Common Stock was below the $35 million minimum MVLS requirement for continued listing on The Nasdaq Capital Market under the MLVS Rule and had not been at least $35 million for a minimum of 10 consecutive business days at any time during the 180-day grace period granted to the Company. Pursuant to the Letter, unless the Company requests a hearing to appeal this determination by 4:00 p.m. Eastern Time on January 15, 2020, the Company’s Common Stock will be delisted from The Nasdaq Capital Market, trading of the Company’s Common Stock will be suspended at the opening of business on January 17, 2020, and a Form 25-NSE will be filed with the SEC, which will remove the Company’s securities from listing and registration on The Nasdaq Capital Market.

 

On January 13, 2020, the Company requested a hearing before the Nasdaq Hearings Panel (the “Panel”) to appeal the Letter and the Staff of Nasdaq notified the Company that a hearing is scheduled for February 20, 2020 at 11:00 a.m. Eastern Time. The Company was asked to provide the Panel with a plan to regain compliance with the minimum MLVS requirement under the MLVS Rule, which needed to include a discussion of the events that the Company believes will enable it to timely regain compliance with the minimum MLVS requirement. On January, 21, 2020, the Company submitted a compliance plan that it believes will be sufficient to permit the Company to regain compliance with the minimum MLVS requirement. Indeed, the Company anticipates that it may regain compliance with the MLVS Rule prior to such hearing.

 

While the appeal process is pending, the suspension of trading of the Company’s Common Stock is stayed, and the Company’s Common Stock will continue to trade on The Nasdaq Capital Market until the hearing process concludes and the Panel issues a written decision.

 

There can be no assurance that the Panel will grant the Company’s request for a suspension of delisting or continued listing on The Nasdaq Capital Market. However, in the event that this offering is successful and the Company is able to raise all of the proceeds associated with this offering, the Company expects that it will be in compliance with Nasdaq Listing Rule 5550(b)(1), which is the minimum stockholders’ equity standard for continued listing, which requires that companies listed on the Nasdaq Capital Market maintain a minimum of $2,500,000 in stockholder’s equity. In such event, the Company will be in compliance with Nasdaq’s continued listing standards, as required under Nasdaq Listing Rule 5550(b). However, there can be no assurance that this offering will be successful and that the Company will be able to raise adequate proceeds to enable it to regain compliance with Nasdaq’s continued listing standards. If the Company’s Common Stock ceases to be listed for trading on The Nasdaq Capital Market, the Company would expect that its Common Stock would be traded on one of the three tiered marketplaces of the OTC Markets Group.

 

In the event that our Common Stock is delisted from The Nasdaq Capital Market, U.S. broker-dealers may be discouraged from effecting transactions in shares of our Common Stock because they may be considered penny stocks and thus be subject to the penny stock rules.

 

The SEC has adopted a number of rules to regulate a “penny stock” that restricts transactions involving stock which is deemed to be a penny stock. Such rules include Rules 3a51-1, 15g-1, 15g-2, 15g-3, 15g-4, 15g-5, 15g-6, 15g-7, and 15g-9 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”). These rules may have the effect of reducing the liquidity of penny stocks. “Penny stocks” generally are equity securities with a price of less than $5.00 per share (other than securities registered on certain national securities exchanges or traded on Nasdaq if current price and volume information with respect to transactions in such securities is provided by the exchange or system). Our shares of Common Stock have in the past constituted, and may again in the future constitute, a “penny stock” within the meaning of the rules. The additional sales practice and disclosure requirements imposed upon U.S. broker-dealers may discourage such broker-dealers from effecting transactions in shares of our Common Stock, which could severely limit the market liquidity of such shares of Common Stock and impede their sale in the secondary market.

 

A U.S. broker-dealer selling a penny stock to anyone other than an established customer or “accredited investor” (generally, an individual with a net worth in excess of $1,000,000 or an annual income exceeding $200,000, or $300,000 together with his or her spouse) must make a special suitability determination for the purchaser and must receive the purchaser’s written consent to the transaction prior to sale, unless the broker-dealer or the transaction is otherwise exempt. In addition, the “penny stock” regulations require the U.S. broker-dealer to deliver, prior to any transaction involving a “penny stock”, a disclosure schedule prepared in accordance with SEC standards relating to the “penny stock” market, unless the broker-dealer or the transaction is otherwise exempt. A U.S. broker-dealer is also required to disclose commissions payable to the U.S. broker-dealer and the registered representative and current quotations for the securities. Finally, a U.S. broker-dealer is required to submit monthly statements disclosing recent price information with respect to any “penny stock” held in a customer’s account and information with respect to the limited market in “penny stocks”.

 

  14  
 

 

You should be aware that, according to the SEC, the market for “penny stocks” has suffered in recent years from patterns of fraud and abuse. Such patterns include (i) control of the market for the security by one or a few broker-dealers that are often related to the promoter or issuer; (ii) manipulation of prices through prearranged matching of purchases and sales and false and misleading press releases; (iii) “boiler room” practices involving high-pressure sales tactics and unrealistic price projections by inexperienced sales persons; (iv) excessive and undisclosed bid-ask differentials and markups by selling broker-dealers; and (v) the wholesale dumping of the same securities by promoters and broker-dealers after prices have been manipulated to a desired level, resulting in investor losses. Our management is aware of the abuses that have occurred historically in the penny stock market. Although we do not expect to be in a position to dictate the behavior of the market or of broker-dealers who participate in the market, management will strive within the confines of practical limitations to prevent the described patterns from being established with respect to our securities.

 

If and when a larger trading market for our Common Stock develops, the market price of our Common Stock is still likely to be highly volatile and subject to wide fluctuations, and you may be unable to resell your shares at or above the price at which you acquired them.

 

The market price of our Common Stock may be highly volatile and could be subject to wide fluctuations in response to a number of factors that are beyond our control, including, but not limited to:

 

  variations in our revenues and operating expenses;
     
  actual or anticipated changes in the estimates of our operating results or changes in stock market analyst recommendations regarding our Common Stock, other comparable companies or our industry generally;
     
  market conditions in our industry, the industries of our customers and the economy as a whole;
     
  actual or expected changes in our growth rates or our competitors’ growth rates;
     
  developments in the financial markets and worldwide or regional economies;
     
  announcements of innovations or new products or services by us or our competitors;
     
  announcements by the government relating to regulations that govern our industry;
     
  sales of our Common Stock or other securities by us or in the open market; and
     
  changes in the market valuations of other comparable companies.

 

In addition, if the market for technology stocks or the stock market in general experiences loss of investor confidence, the trading price of our Common Stock could decline for reasons unrelated to our business, financial condition or operating results. The trading price of our shares of Common Stock might also decline in reaction to events that affect other companies in our industry, even if these events do not directly affect us. Each of these factors, among others, could harm the value of your investment in our securities. In the past, following periods of volatility in the market, securities class-action litigation has often been instituted against companies. Such litigation, if instituted against us, could result in substantial costs and diversion of management’s attention and resources, which could materially and adversely affect our business, operating results and financial condition.

 

  15  
 

 

Our ability to use our net operating loss carry-forwards and certain other tax attributes may be limited.

 

Under Section 382 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, if a corporation undergoes an “ownership change” (generally defined as a greater than 50% change (by value) in its equity ownership over a three-year period), the corporation’s ability to use its pre-change net operating loss carry-forwards and other pre-change tax attributes (such as research tax credits) to offset its post-change income may be limited. We may experience ownership changes in the future as a result of subsequent shifts in our stock ownership, including as a result of the completion of this offering when it is taken together with other transactions we may consummate in the succeeding three-year period. As a result, if we earn net taxable income, our ability to use our pre-change net operating loss carry-forwards to offset U.S. federal taxable income may be subject to limitations, which potentially could result in increased future tax liability to us.

 

We do not anticipate paying dividends on our Common Stock in the foreseeable future; you should not buy our securities if you expect dividends.

 

The payment of dividends on our Common Stock will depend on earnings, financial condition and other business and economic factors affecting us at such time as our board of directors (the “Board of Directors”) may consider relevant. If we do not pay dividends, our Common Stock may be less valuable because a return on your investment will only occur if our stock price appreciates.

 

We currently intend to retain our future earnings to support operations and to finance expansion and, therefore, we do not anticipate paying any cash dividends on our Common Stock in the foreseeable future.

 

Exercise of options or warrants or conversion of other convertible securities may have a dilutive effect on your percentage ownership of Common Stock, including shares of Common Stock issued upon exercise of the Pre-Funded Warrants, as applicable, and may result in a dilution of your voting power and an increase in the number of shares of Common Stock eligible for future resale in the public market, which may negatively impact the trading price of our shares of Common Stock.

 

The exercise or conversion of some or all of our outstanding warrants or convertible securities could result in significant dilution in the percentage ownership interest of investors in this offering and in the percentage ownership interest of our existing common stockholders and in a significant dilution of voting rights and earnings per share.

 

As of the date of this prospectus, we have warrants outstanding to purchase 4,860,323 shares of Common Stock. The warrants have a weighted average exercise price of $5.12 and a weighted average years to maturity of approximately 2.6 years. In addition, we have options to purchase 589,125 shares of our Common Stock outstanding and exercisable at an average price of $3.74 per share.

 

In addition to the dilutive effects described above, the exercise of those securities would lead to an increase in the number of shares of Common Stock eligible for resale in the public market. Sales of substantial numbers of such shares of Common Stock in the public market could adversely affect the market price of our shares of Common Stock. Substantial dilution and/or a substantial increase in the number of shares of Common Stock available for future resale may negatively impact the trading price of our shares of Common Stock.

 

We may seek to raise additional funds, finance acquisitions or develop strategic relationships by issuing securities that would dilute the ownership of the Common Stock. Depending on the terms available to us, if these activities result in significant dilution, it may negatively impact the trading price of our shares of Common Stock.

 

We may acquire other technologies or finance strategic alliances by issuing our equity or equity-linked securities, which may result in additional dilution to our stockholders. We have financed our operations, and we expect to continue to finance our operations, acquisitions, if any, and the development of strategic relationships by issuing equity and/or convertible securities, which could significantly reduce the percentage ownership of our existing stockholders. Further, any additional financing that we secure may require the granting of rights, preferences or privileges senior to, or pari passu with, those of our Common Stock. Any issuances by us of equity securities may be at or below the prevailing market price of our Common Stock and in any event may have a dilutive impact on your ownership interest, which could cause the market price of our Common Stock to decline. We may also raise additional funds through the incurrence of debt or the issuance or sale of other securities or instruments senior to our shares of Common Stock. The holders of any securities or instruments we may issue may have rights superior to the rights of our common stockholders. If we experience dilution from issuance of additional securities and we grant superior rights to new securities over common stockholders, it may negatively impact the trading price of our shares of Common Stock.

 

  16  
 

 

Our charter documents and Nevada law could prevent a takeover that stockholders consider favorable and could also reduce the market price of our Common Stock.

 

Provisions of Nevada anti-takeover law (NRS 78.378 et seq.) could have the effect of delaying or preventing a third-party from acquiring us, even if the acquisition arguably could benefit our stockholders. Various provisions of our by-laws may delay, defer or prevent a tender offer or takeover attempt of us that a stockholder might consider in his or her best interest. Our by-laws may be adopted, amended or repealed by the affirmative vote of the holders of at least a majority of our outstanding shares of capital stock entitled to vote for the election of directors, and except as provided by Nevada law, our Board of Directors shall have the power to adopt, amend or repeal the bylaws by a vote of not less than a majority of our directors. The interests of these stockholders and directors may not be consistent with your interests, and they may make changes to the by-laws that are not in line with your concerns.

 

Subject to applicable Nasdaq rules regarding the issuance of 20% or more of our Common Stock, our authorized but unissued shares of Common Stock are available for our Board or Directors to issue without stockholder approval. We may use these additional shares for a variety of corporate purposes, however, faced with an attempt to obtain control of us by means of a proxy context, tender offer, merger or other transaction our Board of Directors acting alone and without approval of our stockholders can issue large amounts of capital stock as part of a defense to a take-over challenge.

 

The existence of the foregoing provisions and other potential anti-takeover measures could limit the price that investors might be willing to pay in the future for shares of our Common Stock. They could also deter potential acquirers of our company, thereby reducing the likelihood that you could receive a premium for your Common Stock in an acquisition.

 

If securities or industry analysts do not publish or cease publishing research or reports about us, our business or our market, or if they change their recommendations regarding our Common Stock adversely, our Common Stock price and trading volume could decline.

 

The trading market for our shares of Common Stock will be influenced by the research and reports that industry or securities analysts may publish about us, our business, our market or our competitors. If any of the analysts who may cover us change their recommendation regarding our Common Stock adversely, or provide more favorable relative recommendations about our competitors, our share price would likely decline. If any analyst who may cover us were to cease coverage of our company or fail to regularly publish reports on us, we could lose visibility in the financial markets, which in turn could cause our Common Stock price or trading volume to decline.

 

The requirements of being a U.S. public company may strain our resources and divert management’s attention.

 

As a U.S. public company, we are subject to the reporting requirements of the Exchange Act, the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, the Dodd-Frank Act, the listing requirements of Nasdaq, and other applicable securities rules and regulations. Compliance with these rules and regulations will increase our legal and financial compliance costs, make some activities more difficult, time-consuming, or costly, and increase demand on our systems and resources. The Exchange Act requires, among other things, that we file annual and current reports with respect to our business and operating results.

 

As a result of disclosure of information in this prospectus and in filings required of a public company, our business and financial condition is more visible, which we believe may result in threatened or actual litigation, including by competitors and other third parties. If such claims are successful, our business and operating results could be harmed, and even if the claims do not result in litigation or are resolved in our favor, these claims, and the time and resources necessary to resolve them, could divert resources of our management and harm our business and operating results.

 

  17  
 

 

We may not be able to maintain an active, liquid trading market for our Common Stock, which may cause our Common Stock to trade at a discount and make it difficult for you to sell the Common Stock you hold.

 

Our Common Stock is currently listed on Nasdaq. However, there can be no assurance that we will be able to maintain an active market for our Common Stock either now or in the future. If an active and liquid trading market cannot be sustained, you may have difficulty selling any of our Common Stock that you hold. The market price of our Common Stock may decline below the applicable public offering price you paid in this offering, and you may not be able to sell your shares of our Common Stock at or above the price you paid, or at all.

 

Risks Relating to this Offering

 

Because our management will have broad discretion and flexibility in how the net proceeds from this offering are used, our management may use the net proceeds in ways with which you disagree or which may not prove effective.

 

We currently intend to use the net proceeds from this offering as discussed under “Use of Proceeds” in this prospectus. We have not allocated specific amounts of the net proceeds from this offering for any of the foregoing purposes. Accordingly, our management will have significant discretion and flexibility in applying the net proceeds of this offering. You will be relying on the judgment of our management with regard to the use of these net proceeds, and you will not have the opportunity, as part of your investment decision, to assess whether the net proceeds are being used appropriately. It is possible that the net proceeds will be invested in a way that does not yield a favorable, or any, return for us. The failure of our management to use such funds effectively could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, operating results and cash flow.

 

If you purchase Units in this offering, you will incur immediate and substantial dilution in the as adjusted net tangible book value of your investment.

 

The public offering price of the Units will be substantially higher than the as adjusted net tangible book value per share of our Common Stock outstanding immediately following the completion of this offering. Therefore, if you purchase shares of Common Stock in this offering at a public offering price of $ per share, you will experience immediate and substantial dilution of $ per share, or approximately % of the public offering price of such shares, which is the difference between the price per share you pay for our Common Stock and our as adjusted net tangible book value per share as of September 30, 2019, after giving effect to the issuance of shares of Common Stock in this offering. This dilution is due in large part to the fact that our earlier investors paid substantially less than the public offering price when they purchased shares of Common Stock. In addition, purchasers of the shares of Common Stock in this offering will have contributed approximately % of the aggregate price paid by all purchasers of our Common Stock and will own approximately % of our Common Stock outstanding after this offering. See “Dilution.”

 

As a result of the dilution to investors purchasing shares in this offering, investors may receive significantly less than the purchase price paid in this offering, if anything, in the event of a liquidation of our Company.

 

The Pre-Funded Warrant and the Warrants are unlisted securities and there is no public market for them.

 

There is no established public trading market for the Pre-Funded Warrants or the Warrants, and we do not expect a market to develop. In addition, neither the Pre-Funded Warrants nor the Warrants are listed, and we do not intend to apply for listing of the Pre-Funded Warrants or the Warrants on any securities exchange or trading system. Without an active market, the liquidity of the Pre-Funded Warrants and the Warrants is limited, and investors may be unable to liquidate their investments in the Pre-Funded Warrants or the Warrants.

 

The value of our Pre-Funded Warrants is directly tied to the value of our Common Stock, and any change in the value of our Common Stock will be reflected in the value of our Pre-Funded Warrants.

 

There is no established public trading market for the Pre-Funded Warrants, and we do not expect a market to develop. In addition, we do not intend to apply for listing of the Pre-Funded Warrants on any national securities exchange or other nationally recognized trading system. As a result, because each Pre-Funded Warrant is initially exercisable into one share of our Common Stock at an exercise price of $0.001 per share, subject to certain adjustments and beneficial ownership limitations, we expect the value of the Pre-Funded Warrants to have a value directly tied to the value of our Common Stock. Accordingly, any change in the trading price of our Common stock will be reflected in the value of our Pre-Funded Warrants, and the price of our Common Stock may be volatile as described above.

 

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The Warrants may not have any value.

 

The Warrants will be exercisable for five years from the closing date at an initial exercise price of $     per share. In the event that the price of a share of our Common Stock does not exceed the exercise price of the Warrants during the period when the Warrants are exercisable, the Warrants may not have any value.

 

The Pre-Funded Warrants and the Warrants do not entitle the holder to any rights as common stockholders until the holder exercises such Pre-Funded Warrant or Warrant for shares of our Common Stock.

 

Until you acquire shares of our Common Stock upon exercise of your Pre-Funded Warrants or Warrants, such Pre-Funded Warrants and Warrants will not provide you any rights as a common stockholder, except as set forth in the Pre-Funded Warrants and the Warrants. Upon exercise of any Pre-Funded Warrants or Warrants, you will be entitled to exercise the rights of a common stockholder only as to matters for which the record date occurs on or after the exercise date.

 

Purchasers in this offering may experience additional dilution of their investment in the future.

 

Subject to lock-up provisions described under “Underwriting,” we are generally not restricted from issuing additional securities, including shares of Common Stock, securities that are convertible into or exchangeable for, or that represent the right to receive, Common Stock or substantially similar securities. The issuance of securities may cause further dilution to our stockholders, including investors in this offering. In order to raise additional capital, such securities may be at prices that are not the same as the price per share in this offering. We cannot assure you that we will be able to sell shares or other securities in any other offering at a price per share that is equal to or greater than the price per share paid by investors in this offering, and investors purchasing shares or other securities in the future could have rights superior to existing stockholders, including investors who purchase securities in this offering. The price per share at which we sell additional shares of our Common Stock or securities convertible into Common Stock in future transactions may be higher or lower than the price per share in this offering. The exercise of outstanding stock options or warrants and the vesting of outstanding restricted stock units may also result in further dilution of your investment.

 

Risks Related to our Business

 

We have incurred losses in recent years.

 

We have had net losses for several years and had an accumulated deficit of $83,961,635 at September 30, 2019, which includes our net losses of $2,985,825 for the three months ended September 30, 2019, as compared to $4,665,580 for the three months ended September 30, 2018. We have implemented several initiatives intended to improve our revenues and reduce our operating costs with a goal of restoring profitability. If we are unsuccessful in this regard, it will have a material adverse impact on our business, prospects, operating results and financial condition.

 

We do not have any revolving credit facilities and it may be difficult for us to enter into one.

 

We have no revolving credit facility to fund our operating needs should it become necessary. It will be difficult to obtain an institutional line of credit facility given our recent operating losses and the current banking environment, which may adversely affect our ability to finance our business, grow or be profitable. Further, even if we could obtain a new credit facility, in all likelihood it would not be on terms favorable to us.

 

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If we are unable to manage our current business activities, our prospects may be limited and our future profitability may be adversely affected.

 

We experienced a decline in our operating results from 2009 to 2019 and to date in 2020. Our revenues have been unpredictable, which poses significant burdens on us to be proactive in managing production, personnel levels and related costs. We will need to improve our revenues, operations, financial and other systems to manage our business effectively, and any failure to do so may lead to inefficiencies and redundancies which reduce our prospects to return to profitability.

 

There are risks related to dealing with domestic governmental entities as customers.

 

One of the principal target markets for our products is the law enforcement community. In this market, the sale of products will be subject to budget constraints of governmental agencies purchasing these products, which could result in a significant reduction in our anticipated revenues. Such governmental agencies have experienced budgetary pressures because of the recent recession and its impact on local sales, property and income taxes that provide funding for purchasing our products. These agencies also may experience political pressure that dictates the way they spend money. Thus, even if an agency wants to acquire our products, it may be unable to purchase them due to budgetary or political constraints, even if such agencies have the necessary funds, we may experience delays and relatively long sales cycles due to their internal decision-making policies and procedures.

 

There are risks related to dealing with foreign governmental entities as customers.

 

We target the law enforcement community in foreign countries for the sale of many of our products. While foreign countries vary, generally the sale of our products will be subject to political and budgetary constraints of foreign governments and agencies purchasing these products, which could result in a significant reduction in our anticipated revenues. Some foreign governments are experiencing budgetary pressures because of various reasons specific to them and their impact on taxes and tariffs that in many cases provide funding for purchasing our products. Law enforcement agencies within these countries also may experience political pressure that dictates the way they spend money. Thus, even if a foreign country or its law enforcement agencies want to acquire our products, it may be unable to purchase them due to budgetary or political constraints. We cannot assure investors that such governmental agencies will have the necessary funds to purchase our products even though they may want to do so. Further, even if such agencies have the necessary funds, we may experience delays and relatively long sales cycles due to their internal decision-making policies and procedures.

 

International law enforcement and other agencies that may consider using our products must analyze a wide range of issues before committing to purchase products like ours, including training costs, product reliability and budgetary constraints. The length of our sales cycle may range from a few months to a year or more. We may incur substantial selling costs and expend significant effort in connection with the evaluation of our products by potential customers before they place an order. Initial orders by foreign governments and agencies typically are for a small number of units that are used to evaluate the products. If these potential customers do not purchase our products, we will have expended significant resources and receive no revenue in return. In addition, we may be selected as the vendor of choice by these foreign customers but never receive the funding necessary to purchase our product due to political or economic reasons.

 

We are marketing our DVM-250, DVM-250 Plus event recorder and FirstVU HD products to commercial customers, which is a relatively new sales channel for us and we may experience problems in gaining acceptance.

 

The principal target commercial market for our event recorder products is commercial fleet operators, such as taxi cabs, limousine services, transit buses, ambulance services and a variety of delivery services. In addition, we are marketing our FirstVU HD to commercial customers. These are relatively new sales channels for us and we may experience difficulty gaining acceptance of our other products by the targeted customers. Our sales of such products will be subject to budget constraints of both the large and small prospective customers, which could result in a significant reduction in our anticipated revenues. Certain of such companies have experienced budgetary and financial pressures for various reasons specific to them or the industry in which they operate, which may negatively impact their ability to purchase our products. Thus, even if prospective customers want to acquire our products, they may be unable to do so because of such factors. Further, even if such companies have the necessary funds, we may experience delays and relatively long sales cycles due to their internal decision-making policies and procedures.

 

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We are operating in a developing market and there is uncertainty as to market acceptance of our technology and products.

 

The markets for our new and enhanced products and technology are developing and rapidly evolving. They are characterized by an increasing number of market entrants who have developed or are developing a wide variety of products and technologies, a number of which offer certain of the features that our products offer. Because of these factors, demand and market acceptance for new products are subject to a high level of uncertainty. There can be no assurance that our technology and products will become widely accepted. It is also difficult to predict with any assurance the future growth rate, if any, and size of the market. If a substantial market fails to develop, develops more slowly than expected or becomes saturated with competitors or if our products do not achieve or continue to achieve market acceptance, our business, operating results and financial condition will be materially and adversely affected.

 

Our technology may also be marketed and licensed to device manufacturers for inclusion in the products and equipment they market and sell as an embedded solution. As with other new products and technologies designed to enhance or replace existing products or technologies or change product designs, these potential partners may be reluctant to integrate our digital video recording technology into their systems unless the technology and products are proven to be both reliable and available at a competitive price. Even assuming product acceptance, our potential partners may be required to redesign their systems to effectively use our digital video recording technology. The time and costs necessary for such redesign could delay or prevent market acceptance of our technology and products. A lack of, or delay in, market acceptance of our digital video recording technology and products would adversely affect our operations. There can be no assurance that we will be able to market our technology and products successfully or that any of our technology or products will be accepted in the marketplace.

 

We expend significant resources in anticipation of a sale due to our lengthy sales cycle and may receive no revenue in return.

 

Generally, law enforcement and other agencies and commercial fleet and mass transit operators that may consider using our products must analyze a wide range of issues before committing to purchase products like ours, including training costs, product reliability and budgetary constraints. The length of our sales cycle may range from several months to a year or more. We may incur substantial selling costs and expend significant effort in connection with the evaluation of our products by potential customers before they place an order. Initial orders by agencies typically are for a small number of units that are used to evaluate the products. If these potential customers do not purchase our products, we will have expended significant resources and have received no revenue in return.

 

Our market is characterized by new products and rapid technological change.

 

The market for our products is characterized by rapidly changing technology and frequent new product introductions. Our future success will depend in part on our ability to enhance our existing technologies and products and to introduce new products and technologies to meet changing customer requirements. We are currently devoting, and intend to continue to devote, significant resources toward the development of new digital video recording technology and products both as stand-alone products and embedded solutions in third party products and systems. There can be no assurance that we will successfully complete the development of these technologies and related products in a timely fashion or that our current or future products will satisfy the needs of the digital video recording market. There can also be no assurance that digital video recording products and technologies developed by others will not adversely affect our competitive position or render our products or technologies non-competitive or obsolete.

 

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We depend on sales from our in-car video products and body-worn cameras and if these products become obsolete or not widely accepted, our growth prospects will be diminished.

 

We derived our revenues in 2018, 2019 and to date in 2020 predominantly from sales of our in-car video systems, including the DVM-800, our largest selling product, and the FirstVU HD body-worn camera, our second largest selling product. We expect to continue to depend on sales of these products during 2020, although we do expect our newly launched EVO-HD in-car system to gain traction in 2020. A decrease in the prices of, or the demand for our in-car video products, or the failure to achieve broad market acceptance of our new product offerings, would significantly harm our growth prospects, operating results and financial condition.

 

We substantially depend on our research and development activities to design new products and upgrades to existing products and if these products are not widely accepted, or we encounter difficulties and delays in launching these new products, our growth prospects will be diminished.

 

We have a number of active research and development projects underway that are intended to launch new products or upgrades to existing products. We may incur substantial costs and/or delays in completion of these activities that may not result in viable products or may not be received well by our potential customers. We incurred $517,010 and $323,981 in research and development expenses during the three months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively, which represent a substantial expense in relation to our total revenues and net losses. If we are unsuccessful in bringing these products from the engineering prototype phase to commercial production, we could incur additional expenses (in addition to those already spent) without receiving revenues from the new products. Also, these new products may fail to achieve broad market acceptance and may not generate revenue to cover expenses incurred to design, develop, produce and market the new product offerings. Substantial delays in the launch of one or more products could negatively impact our revenues and increase our costs, which could significantly harm our growth prospects, operating results and financial condition.

 

If we are unable to compete in our market, you may lose all or part of your investment.

 

The law enforcement and security surveillance markets are extremely competitive. Competitive factors in these industries include ease of use, quality, portability, versatility, reliability, accuracy and cost. There are companies with direct competitive technology and products in the law enforcement and surveillance markets for all our products and those we have in development. Many of these competitors have significant advantages over us, including greater financial, technical, marketing and manufacturing resources, more extensive distribution channels, larger customer bases and faster response times to adapt new or emerging technologies and changes in customer requirements. Our primary competitors include L-3 Mobile-Vision, Inc., Coban Technologies, Inc., WatchGuard, Kustom Signals, Panasonic System Communications Company, International Police Technologies, Inc. and a number of other competitors who sell or may in the future sell in-car video systems to law enforcement agencies. Our primary competitors in the body-worn camera market include Axon, Reveal Media and WatchGuard. We face similar and intense competitive factors for our event recorders in the mass transit markets as we do in the law enforcement and security surveillance markets. We will also compete with any company making surveillance devices for commercial use. Many of our competitors have greater financial, technical marketing, and manufacturing resources than we do. Our primary competitors in the commercial fleet sector include Lytx, Inc. (previously DriveCam, Inc.) and SmartDrive Systems.

 

There can be no assurance that we will be able to compete successfully in these markets. Further, there can be no assurance that new and existing companies will not enter the law enforcement and security surveillance markets in the future.

 

Although we believe that our products will be distinguishable from those of our competitors based on their technological features and functionality at an attractive value proposition, there can be no assurance that we will be able to penetrate any of our anticipated competitors’ portions of the market. Many of our anticipated competitors may have existing relationships with equipment or device manufacturers that may impede our ability to market our technology to those potential customers and build market share. There can be no assurance that we will be able to compete successfully against current or future competitors or that competitive pressures will not have a material adverse effect on our business, operating results and financial condition. If we are not successful in competing against our current and future competitors, you could lose your entire investment. See “Prospectus Summary” for additional information.

 

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Defects in our products could impair our ability to sell our products or could result in litigation and other significant costs.

 

Any significant defects in our products may result in, among other things, delay in time-to-market, loss of market acceptance and sales of our products, diversion of development resources, and injury to our reputation, or increased warranty costs. Because our products are technologically complex, they may contain defects that cannot be detected prior to shipment. These defects could harm our reputation and impair our ability to sell our products. The costs we may incur in correcting any product defects may be substantial and could decrease our profit margins. In 2018 and 2017, we had certain product quality issues with the DVM-800 and FirstVU HD, which adversely affected our revenues and operating results.

 

In addition, errors, defects or other performance problems could result in financial or other damages to our customers, which could result in litigation. Product liability litigation, even if we prevail, would be time consuming and costly to defend. Our product liability insurance may not be adequate to cover claims. Our product liability insurance coverage per occurrence is $1,000,000, with a $2,000,000 aggregate for our general business liability coverage and an additional $1,000,000 per occurrence. Our excess or umbrella liability coverage per occurrence and in aggregate is $5,000,000.

 

Product defects can be caused by design errors, programming bugs, or defects in component parts or raw materials. This is common to every product manufactured which is based on modern electronic and computer technology. Because of the extreme complexity of digital in-car video systems, one of the key concerns is operating software robustness. Some of the software modules are provided to us by outside vendors under license agreements, while other portions are developed by our own software engineers. As with any software-dependent product, “bugs” can occur, even with rigorous testing before release of the product. The software included in our digital video rear view mirror products is designed to be “field upgradeable” so that changes or fixes can be made by the end user by downloading new software through the internet. We intend to incorporate this technology into any future products as well, providing a quick resolution to potential software issues that may arise over time.

 

As with all electronic devices, hardware issues can arise from many sources. The component electronic parts that we utilize come from many sources around the world. We attempt to mitigate the possibility of shipping defective products by fully testing sub-assemblies and thoroughly testing assembled units before they are shipped out to our customers. Because of the nature and complexity of some of the electronic components used, such as microprocessor chips, memory systems, and zoom video camera modules, it is not technically or financially realistic to attempt to test every single aspect of every single component and their potential interactions. By using components from reputable and reliable sources, and by using professional engineering, assembly, and testing methods, we seek to limit the possibility of defects slipping through. In addition to internal testing, we now have thousands of units in the hands of law enforcement departments and in use every day. Over the past years of field use, we have addressed a number of subtle issues and made refinements requested by the end-user.

 

We are dependent on key personnel.

 

Our success will be largely dependent upon the efforts of our executive officers, Stanton E. Ross and Thomas J. Heckman. We do not have employment agreements with Messrs. Ross or Heckman, although we entered into retention agreements with such officers on December 23, 2008, which were amended in April 2018. The loss of the services of either of these individuals could have a material adverse effect on our business and prospects. There can be no assurance that we will be able to retain the services of such individuals in the future. We have not obtained key-man life insurance policies on these individuals. We are also dependent to a substantial degree on our technical, research and development staff. Our success will be dependent upon our ability to hire and retain additional qualified technical, research, management, marketing and financial personnel. We will compete with other companies with greater financial and other resources for such personnel. Although we have not had trouble in attracting qualified personnel to date, there can be no assurance that we will be able to retain our present personnel or acquire additional qualified personnel as and when needed.

 

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We are dependent on manufacturers and suppliers.

 

We purchase, and intend to continue to purchase, substantially all the components for our products and some entire products, from a limited number of manufacturers and suppliers, most of whom are located outside the United States. Our internal process is principally to assemble the various components and subassemblies manufactured by our suppliers and test the assembled product prior to shipping to our customers. We do not intend to directly manufacture any of the equipment or parts to be used in our products. Our reliance upon outside manufacturers and suppliers, including foreign suppliers, is expected to continue, increase in scope and involves several risks, including limited control over the availability of components, and products themselves and related delivery schedules, pricing and product quality. We may be subject to political and social risks associated with specific regions of the world including those that may be subject to changes in tariffs that may have substantial effects on our product costs and supply chain reliability and availability. We may experience delays, additional expenses and lost sales if we are required to locate and qualify alternative manufacturers and suppliers.

 

A few of the semiconductor chip components for our products are produced by a very small number of specialized manufacturers. Currently, we purchase one essential semiconductor chip from a single manufacturer who currently sources such chipsets from the Philippines, China, Taiwan and South Korea, among other countries. While we believe that there are alternative sources of supply, if, for any reason, we are precluded from obtaining such a semiconductor chip from this manufacturer, we may experience long delays in product delivery due to the difficulty and complexity involved in producing the required component and we may also be required to pay higher costs for our components.

 

While we do the final assembly, testing, packaging, and shipment of certain of our products in-house, a number of our component parts are manufactured by subcontractors. These subcontractors include: raw circuit board manufacturers; circuit board assembly houses; injection plastic molders; metal parts fabricators; and other custom component providers. While we are dependent upon these subcontractors to the extent that they are producing custom subassemblies and components necessary for manufacturing our products, we still own the designs and intellectual property involved. This means that the failure of any one contractor to perform may cause delays in production. However, we can mitigate potential interruptions by maintaining “buffer stocks” of critical parts and subassemblies and by using multiple sources for critical components. We also can move our subcontracting to alternate providers. Being forced to use a different subcontractor could cause production interruptions ranging from negligible, such as a few weeks, to very costly, such as four to six months. Further, the failure of a foreign manufacturer to deliver products to us timely, in sufficient quantities and with the requisite quality would have a material adverse impact on our business, operations and financial condition.

 

The only components that would require a complete redesign of our digital video electronics package are the chips manufactured by Texas Instruments Incorporated (“Texas Instruments”). While there are competitive products available, each chip has unique characteristics that would require extensive tailoring of product designs to use it. The Texas Instruments chip is the heart of our video processing system. If Texas Instruments became unwilling or unable to provide us with these chips, we would be forced to redesign our digital video encoder and decoder systems. Such a complete redesign could take substantial time (over six months) to complete. We attempt to mitigate the potential for interruption by maintaining continuous stocks of these chips to support several months’ worth of production. In addition, we regularly check on the end-of-life status of these parts to make sure that we will know well in advance of any decisions by Texas Instruments to discontinue these parts. There are other semiconductors that are integral to our product design and which could cause delays if discontinued, but not to the same scale as the Texas Instruments chips.

 

Although we have not historically had significant supply chain issues with these manufacturers, suppliers, and subcontractors, there can be no assurance that we will be able to retain our present relationships and should we lose these manufacturers, suppliers, and subcontractors, our business would be adversely affected.

 

We are uncertain of our ability to protect technology through patents.

 

Our ability to compete effectively will depend on our success in protecting our proprietary technology, both in the United States and abroad. We have filed for at least 37 patents for protection in the United States and certain other countries to cover certain design aspects of our products. We license the critical technology on which our products are based from Sasken-Ingenient, Inc. (“Sasken”) and Lead Technologies, Inc. (“Lead”) pursuant to license agreements. However, the technology licensed from Sasken and Lead is critical because it is the basis of our current product design. We may choose to use other video encoding and decoding technology in future products, thus lessening our dependence on our licenses with these companies.

 

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We have been issued at least 22 patents to date by the USPTO. In addition, we have at least 15 patent applications that are still under review by the U.S. Patent Office and, therefore, we have not yet been issued all the patents that we applied for in the United States. No assurance can be given that any patents relating to our existing technology will be issued from the United States or any foreign patent offices, that we will receive any patents in the future based on our continued development of our technology, or that our patent protection within and/or outside of the United States will be sufficient to deter others, legally or otherwise, from developing or marketing competitive products utilizing our technologies.

 

If our patents were to be denied as filed, we would seek to obtain different patents for other parts of our technology. If our main patent, which relates to the placement of the in-car video system in a rear-view mirror, were to be challenged and denied, it could potentially allow our competitors to build very similar devices. Currently, this patent is not being challenged. However, we believe that very few of our competitors would be capable of this because of the level of technical sophistication and level of miniaturization required. Even if we obtain patents, there can be no assurance that they will be enforceable to prevent others from developing and marketing competitive products or methods. If we bring an infringement action relating to any future patents, it may require the diversion of substantial funds from our operations and may require management to expend efforts that might otherwise be devoted to our operations. Furthermore, there can be no assurance that we will be successful in enforcing our patent rights.

 

Further, if any patents are issued there can be no assurance that patent infringement claims in the United States or in other countries will not be asserted against us by a competitor or others, or if asserted, that we will be successful in defending against such claims. If one of our products is adjudged to infringe patents of others with the likely consequence of a damage award, we may be enjoined from using and selling such product or be required to obtain a royalty-bearing license, if available on acceptable terms. Alternatively, if a license is not offered, we might be required, if possible, to redesign those aspects of the product held to infringe to avoid infringement liability. Any redesign efforts we undertake might be expensive, could delay the introduction or the re-introduction of our products into certain markets, or may be so significant as to be impractical.

 

We are involved in litigation relating to our intellectual property.

 

We are subject to various legal proceedings arising from normal business operations. Although there can be no assurances, based on the information currently available, management believes that it is probable that the ultimate outcome of each of the actions will not have a material adverse effect on our consolidated financial statements. However, an adverse outcome in certain of the actions could have a material adverse effect on our financial results in the period in which it is recorded.

 

Axon Enterprises, Inc. (Formerly Taser International, Inc.). The Company owns U.S. Patent No. 9,253,452 (the “’452 Patent”), which generally covers the automatic activation and coordination of multiple recording devices in response to a triggering event, such as a law enforcement officer activating the light bar on the vehicle.

 

The Company filed suit on January 15, 2016 in the U.S. District Court for the District of Kansas (Case No: 2:16-cv-02032) against Axon, alleging willful patent infringement against Axon’s body camera product line and signal auto-activation product. The Company is seeking both monetary damages and a permanent injunction against Axon for infringement of the ’452 Patent.

 

In addition to the infringement claims, the Company brought claims alleging that Axon conspired to keep the Company out of the marketplace by engaging in improper, unethical and unfair competition. The amended lawsuit alleges that Axon bribed officials and otherwise conspired to secure no-bid contracts for its products in violation of both state law and federal antitrust law. The Company’s lawsuit also seeks monetary and injunctive relief, including treble damages, for these alleged violations.

 

Axon filed an answer, which denied the Company’s patent infringement allegations on April 1, 2016. In addition, Axon filed a motion to dismiss all such allegations in the complaint on March 4, 2016, for which the Company filed an amended complaint on March 18, 2016 to address certain technical deficiencies in the pleadings. The Company amended its complaint and Axon renewed its motion to seek dismissal of the allegations that it had bribed officials and otherwise conspired to secure no-bid contracts for its products in violation of both state law and federal antitrust law on April 1, 2016. Formal discovery commenced on April 12, 2016 with respect to the patent related claims. In January 2017, the District Court granted Axon’s motion to dismiss the portion of the lawsuit regarding claims that it had bribed officials and otherwise conspired to secure no-bid contracts for its products in violation of both state law and federal antitrust law. On May 2, 2018, the Federal Circuit Court affirmed the District Court’s ruling relative to the antitrust portion of the lawsuit and on October 1, 2018 the Supreme Court denied the Company’s petition for review.

 

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In December 2016 and January 2017, Axon filed two petitions for inter partes review (“IPR”) against the ’452 Patent. The USPTO rejected both of Axon’s petitions. Axon is now statutorily precluded from filing any more IPR petitions against the ’452 Patent.

 

The District Court litigation in Kansas was temporarily stayed following the filing of the petitions for IPR. However, on November 17, 2017, the Federal District Court of Kansas rejected Axon’s request to maintain the stay. With this significant ruling, the parties will now proceed towards trial. Since litigation has resumed, the Court has issued a claim construction order (also called a Markman Order) where it sided with the Company on all disputes and denied Axon’s attempts to limit the scope of the claims. Following the Markman Order, the Court set all remaining deadlines in the case. Fact discovery closed on October 8, 2018, and a Final Pretrial Conference took place on January 16, 2019. The parties filed motions for summary judgment on January 31, 2019, and the Court granted Axon’s motion for summary judgment in June 2019. The Company has appealed this decision with the Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit. The Company filed its Opening Appeal Brief on August 26, 2019 and Axon filed its Responsive Brief on November 6, 2019. The Company filed its Reply Brief responding to Axon on November 27, 2019. The Company expects oral arguments to occur in February 2020 and a decision later in the first or second quarter 2020.

 

Enforcement Video, LLC d/b/a WatchGuard Video. On May 27, 2016, the Company filed suit against WatchGuard, in the U.S. District Court for the District of Kansas (Case No. 2:16-cv-02349-JTM-JPO) alleging patent infringement based on WatchGuard’s VISTA Wifi and 4RE In-Car product lines.

 

The USPTO has granted multiple patents to the Company with claims covering numerous features, such as automatically activating all deployed cameras in response to the activation of just one camera. Additionally, the Company’s patent claims cover automatic coordination as well as digital synchronization between multiple recording devices. The Company also has patent coverage directed to the coordination between a multi-camera system and an officer’s smartphone, which allows an officer to more readily assess an event on the scene while an event is taking place or immediately after it has occurred.

 

The Company’s lawsuit alleged that WatchGuard incorporated this patented technology into its VISTA Wifi and 4RE In-Car product lines without the Company’s permission. Specifically, the Company accused WatchGuard of infringing three patents: the U.S. Patent No. 8,781,292 (the “’292 Patent”, the ’452 Patent and U.S. Patent No. 9,325,950 (the “’950 Patent”). The Company aggressively challenged WatchGuard’s infringing conduct, seeking both monetary damages, as well as seeking a permanent injunction preventing WatchGuard from continuing to sell its VISTA Wifi and 4RE In-Car product lines using the Company’s own technology to compete against it. On May 8, 2017, WatchGuard filed a petition seeking IPR of the ’950 Patent. The Company opposed that petition and on December 4, 2017, The Patent Trial and Appeal Board (“PTAB”) rejected WatchGuard’s request to institute an IPR on the ’950 Patent. The lawsuit also involved the ’292 Patent and the ’452 Patent, the ’452 Patent being the same patent involved in the Company’s claims asserted against Axon. The ’292 Patent previously was subject to the IPR process with the USPTO, but in June 2018, the USPTO rejected Axon’s arguments and did not invalidate the ’292 Patent. WatchGuard had previously agreed to be bound by Axon’s IPRs and, as such, WatchGuard is now statutorily barred from any further IPR challenges with respect to the ’950 Patent, ’452 Patent, and ’292 Patent. Since the defeat of Axon’s ’292 Patent IPR, the Court has lifted the stay and set a schedule which had moved the case towards trial. On May 13, 2019, the parties resolved the dispute and executed a settlement agreement in the form of a Release and License Agreement. The litigation has been dismissed as a result of this settlement.

 

The resolution of the dispute centers includes the following key terms:

 

  WatchGuard will pay the Company a one-time, lump sum settlement payment of $6 million.
  The Company has granted WatchGuard a perpetual covenant not to sue if WatchGuard’s products incorporate agreed-upon modified recording functionality.

 

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  The Company has also granted WatchGuard a license to the ’292 Patent and the ’452 Patent (and related patents, now existing and yet-to-issue) through December 31, 2023. The parties have agreed to negotiate in good faith to attempt to resolve any alleged infringement that occurs after the license period expires.
  The parties have further agreed to release each other from all claims or liabilities pre-existing the settlement.
  As part of the settlement, the parties agreed that WatchGuard is making no admission that it has infringed any of the Company’s patents.

 

PGA Tour, Inc. On January 22, 2019 the PGA Tour, Inc. (the “PGA”) filed suit against the Company in the Federal District Court for the District of Kansas (Case No. 2:19-cv-0033-CM-KGG) alleging breach of contract and breach of implied covenant of good faith and fair dealing relating to the Web.com Tour Title Sponsor Agreement (the “Agreement”). The contract was executed on April 16, 2015 by and between the parties. Under the Agreement, the Company would be a title sponsor of and receive certain naming and other rights and benefits associated with the Web.com Tour for 2015 through 2019 in exchange for the Company’s payment to the PGA of annual sponsorship fees.

 

The suit has been resolved and the case has been dismissed with prejudice on April 17, 2019.

 

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The Company is also involved as a plaintiff and defendant in ordinary, routine litigation and administrative proceedings incidental to its business from time to time, including customer collections, vendor and employment-related matters. The Company believes the likely outcome of any other pending cases and proceedings will not be material to its business or its financial condition.

 

We are uncertain of our ability to protect our proprietary technology and information.

 

In addition to seeking patent protection, we rely on trade secrets, know-how and continuing technological advancement to seek to achieve and thereafter maintain a competitive advantage. Although we have entered into or intend to enter into confidentiality and invention agreements with our employees, consultants and advisors, no assurance can be given that such agreements will be honored or that we will be able to effectively protect our rights to our unpatented trade secrets and know-how. Moreover, no assurance can be given that others will not independently develop substantially equivalent proprietary information and techniques or otherwise gain access to our trade secrets and know-how.

 

Foreign currency fluctuations may affect our competitiveness and sales in foreign markets.

 

The relative change in currency values creates fluctuations in our product pricing for potential international customers. These changes in foreign end-user costs may result in lost orders and reduce the competitiveness of our products in certain foreign markets. These changes may also negatively affect the financial condition of some existing or potential foreign customers and reduce or eliminate their future orders of our products. We also import selected components which are used in the manufacturing of some of our products. Although our purchase orders are in the United States dollar, weakness in the United States dollar could lead to price increases for the components.

 

Risks related to our license arrangements.

 

We have licensing agreements with Sasken and Lead regarding certain software used as the platform for the proprietary software we have developed for use in our products. These licensing agreements have specified terms and are renewable on an annual basis unless both parties determine not to renew them and provided the parties are in compliance with the agreements. If we fail to make the payments under these licenses or if these licenses are not renewed for any reason, it would cause us significant time and expense to redevelop our software on a different software platform, which would have a material adverse effect on our business, operating results and financial condition.

 

Our revenues and operating results may fluctuate unexpectedly from quarter to quarter, which may cause our stock price to decline.

 

Our revenues and operating results have varied significantly in the past and may continue to fluctuate significantly in the future due to various factors that are both in and outside our control. Thus, we believe that period-to-period comparisons of our operating results may not be meaningful in the short-term, and our performance in a particular period may not be indicative of our performance in any future period.

 

We are a party to several lawsuits both as a plaintiff and as a defendant in which we may ultimately not prevail, resulting in losses and which may cause our stock price to decline.

 

We are involved as a plaintiff and defendant in routine litigation and administrative proceedings incidental to our business from time to time, including customer collections, vendor and employment-related matters. See “Prospectus Summary” for additional information. We believe that the likely outcome of any other pending cases and proceedings will not be material to our business or financial condition. However, there can be no assurance that we will prevail in the litigation or proceedings or that we may not have to pay damages or other awards to the other party.

 

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CAUTIONARY NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

 

This prospectus and the documents incorporated by reference herein, including the sections entitled “Risk Factors”, contain “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of Section 21(E) of the Exchange Act and Section 27A of the Securities Act. These forward-looking statements include, without limitation: statements regarding proposed new products or services; statements concerning litigation or other matters; statements concerning projections, predictions, expectations, estimates or forecasts for our business, financial and operating results and future economic performance; statements of management’s goals and objectives; statements concerning our competitive environment, availability of resources and regulation; trends affecting our financial condition, results of operations or future prospects; our financing plans or growth strategies; and other similar expressions concerning matters that are not historical facts. Words such as “may”, “will”, “should”, “could”, “would”, “predicts”, “potential”, “continue”, “expects”, “anticipates”, “future”, “intends”, “plans”, “believes” and “estimates,” and variations of such terms or similar expressions, are intended to identify such forward-looking statements.

 

Forward-looking statements should not be read as a guarantee of future performance or results and will not necessarily be accurate indications of the times at, or by which, that performance or those results will be achieved. Forward-looking statements are based on information available at the time they are made and/or management’s good faith belief as of that time with respect to future events and are subject to risks and uncertainties that could cause actual performance or results to differ materially from what is expressed in or suggested by the forward-looking statements.

 

Forward-looking statements speak only as of the date they are made. You should not put undue reliance on any forward-looking statements. We assume no obligation to update forward-looking statements to reflect actual results, changes in assumptions or changes in other factors affecting forward-looking information, except to the extent required by applicable securities laws. If we do update one or more forward-looking statements, no inference should be drawn that we will make additional updates with respect to those or other forward-looking statements. Investors should review our subsequent reports filed with the SEC described in the sections of this prospectus entitled “Where You Can Find More Information” and “Incorporation of Certain Information by Reference,” all of which are accessible on the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov.

 

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USE OF PROCEEDS

 

We estimate that the net proceeds to us from the sale of the securities offered by this prospectus in this offering will be approximately $         (or $       if the underwriters fully exercise their over-allotment option) after deducting commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us.

 

We currently intend to use the net proceeds from this offering for the repayment of debt as well as for general corporate purposes, including for continued investments in our commercialization efforts. The Company plans to use the proceeds of this offering, net of expenses, to repay approximately $1,276,797 to holders of outstanding convertible and short-term promissory notes. We may also use a portion of the net proceeds for the acquisitions of businesses, products, technologies or licenses that are complementary to our business, although we have no present commitments or agreements to do so.

 

The allocation of the net proceeds of the offering set forth above represents our estimates based upon our current plans and assumptions regarding industry and general economic conditions, our future revenues and expenditures.

 

The amounts and timing of our actual expenditures may vary significantly and will depend on numerous factors, including market conditions, cash generated or used by our operations, business developments and opportunities that may arise and related rate of growth. We may find it necessary or advisable to use portions of the proceeds from this offering for other purposes.

 

Circumstances that may give rise to a change in the use of proceeds and the alternate purposes for which the proceeds may be used include:

 

  the existence of other opportunities or the need to take advantage of changes in timing of our existing activities;
     
  the need or desire on our part to accelerate, increase or eliminate existing initiatives due to, among other things, changing market conditions and competitive developments; and/or
     
  if strategic opportunities present themselves (including acquisitions, joint ventures, licensing and other similar transactions).

 

From time to time, we evaluate these factors and other factors and we anticipate continuing to make such evaluations to determine if the existing allocation of resources, including the proceeds of this offering, is being optimized. Pending the application of the net proceeds as described above, we will hold the net proceeds from this offering in short-term, interest-bearing, securities.

 

We believe that the net proceeds of this offering, together with cash on hand, will be sufficient to fund our operations through 2020, and we believe that we will need to raise additional capital to fund our operations thereafter if warrant exercises for cash do not materialize. Additional capital may not be available on terms favorable to us, or at all. If we raise additional funds by issuing equity securities, our stockholders may experience dilution. Debt financing, if available, may involve restrictive covenants or additional security interests in our assets. Any additional debt or equity financing that we complete may contain terms that are not favorable to us or our stockholders. If we raise additional funds through collaboration and licensing arrangements with third parties, it may be necessary to relinquish some rights to our technologies or products or grant licenses on terms that are not favorable to us. If we are unable to raise adequate funds, we may have to delay, reduce the scope of, or eliminate some or all of, our development programs or liquidate some or all of our assets.

 

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MARKET FOR COMMON EQUITY AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS

 

Our Common Stock trades on Nasdaq under the symbol “DGLY.”

 

Holders

 

There were approximately 178 record holders of our Common Stock at February 6, 2020. The number of registered stockholders excludes any beneficial owners of Common Stock held in street name.

 

Dividend Policy

 

We have never declared or paid any cash dividends on our Common Stock. We intend to retain any future earnings and do not expect to pay any cash dividends in the foreseeable future.

 

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CAPITALIZATION

 

The following table sets forth our actual cash and cash equivalents and our capitalization as of September 30, 2019 and on an adjusted basis to give effect to the sale of the securities offered hereby and the use of proceeds, as described in the section entitled “Use of Proceeds.”

 

You should read this information in conjunction with “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and our consolidated financial statements and related notes appearing in our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2019, which is incorporated by reference in this prospectus. The information below has also been provided on an as adjusted basis to give further effect to this current offering.

 

The as adjusted information set forth in the table below is illustrative only and will be adjusted based on the actual public offering price and other terms of this offering determined at pricing.

 

    As of September 30, 2019  
    Actual     As
Adjusted
 
Cash and cash equivalents   $ 1,272,935     $              
Stockholders’ equity:                
                 
Common stock, par value $0.001 per share; 50,000,000 shares authorized, 12,079,095 and ______ shares issued and outstanding – actual as of September 30, 2019 and as adjusted     12,079          
Additional paid-in capital     82,748,400          
Treasury stock, 63,518 shares at cost     (2,157,226 )        
Accumulated deficit     (83,961,635 )        
Total stockholders’ equity/deficit   $ (3,358,382 )        

 

The as adjusted column above reflects our sale of Common Stock and Warrants in this offering at a public offering price of $       and a public offering price of $       per Class B Unit. The above discussion and table are based on 12,079,095 shares of Common Stock outstanding as of September 30, 2019 and includes or excludes the following as of such date:

 

  excludes 589,125 shares of our Common Stock issuable upon exercise of outstanding options with a weighted average exercise price of $3.74 per share as of September 30, 2019;
     
  includes 891,100 shares of our Common Stock subject to forfeiture pursuant to outstanding non-vested Restricted Stock grants as of September 30, 2019;
     
  excludes 629,186 shares of our Common Stock as of September 30, 2019 reserved for future issuance pursuant to our existing stock incentive plans;
     
  excludes 4,717,573 shares of our Common Stock issuable upon exercise of warrants outstanding as of September 30, 2019 having a weighted average exercise price of $5.23 per share;
     
  excludes the issuance of up to 1,521,222 shares of our Common Stock issuable from time to time upon conversion of $2,129,711 principal balance as of September 30, 2019 of outstanding 8% Senior Secured Convertible Promissory Notes issued on August 5, 2019; and
     
  excludes 63,518 shares of our Common Stock held as treasury stock, as of September 30, 2019.

 

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DILUTION

 

A purchaser of our securities in this offering will be diluted to the extent of the difference between the price you pay for each share of our Common Stock and the net tangible book value per share of our Common Stock after this offering. Our net tangible book value as of September 30, 2019 was approximately $(3,793,315), or $(0.31) per share of our Common Stock. Net tangible book value per share is equal to our total tangible assets minus total liabilities, all divided by 12,079,095 shares of Common Stock outstanding at September 30, 2019.

 

After giving effect to our sale in this offering of       Units offered by this prospectus and after deducting the estimated underwriting discount, commissions and our estimated offering expenses and excluding the proceeds, if any from the exercise of the Warrants issued pursuant to this offering, our as adjusted net tangible book value as of September 30, 2019 would have been approximately $             or approximately $         per share. This represents an immediate [increase][decrease] in net tangible book value of approximately $        per share to our existing stockholders and an immediate dilution in as adjusted net tangible book value of approximately $          per share to purchasers of our Common Stock in this offering, as illustrated by the following table:

 

Public offering price per Unit consisting of one share of Common Stock and one Warrant   $       
Historical net tangible book value per share at September 30, 2019   $ (0.31 )
Increase per share attributable to investors in this offering   $       
Net tangible book value per share, as adjusted to give effect to this offering   $       
Dilution per share to investors in this offering   $       

 

The information above is illustrative only and will change based on actual pricing and other terms of this offering determined at pricing.

 

The above discussion and table are based on 12,079,095 shares of Common Stock outstanding as of September 30, 2019 and includes or excludes the following as of such date:

 

  excludes 589,125 shares of our Common Stock issuable upon exercise of outstanding options with a weighted average exercise price of $3.74 per share as of September 30, 2019;
     
  includes 891,100 shares of our Common Stock subject to forfeiture pursuant to outstanding non-vested Restricted Stock grants as of September 30, 2019;
     
  excludes 629,186 shares of our Common Stock as of September 30, 2019 reserved for future issuance pursuant to our existing stock incentive plans;
     
  excludes 4,717,573 shares of our Common Stock issuable upon exercise of warrants outstanding as of September 30, 2019 having a weighted average exercise price of $5.23 per share;
     
  excludes the issuance of up to 1,521,222 shares of our Common Stock issuable from time to time upon conversion of $2,129,711 principal balance of outstanding 8% Senior Secured Convertible Promissory Notes issued on August 5, 2019; and
     
  excludes 63,518 shares of our Common Stock held as treasury stock, as of September 30, 2019.

 

To the extent that outstanding options or warrants are converted or exercised, you could experience further dilution. In addition, we may choose to raise additional capital due to market conditions or strategic considerations even if we believe we have sufficient funds for our current or future operating plans. To the extent that additional capital is raised through the sale of additional equity, the issuance of these shares could result in further dilution to our stockholders.

 

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EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION

 

The following table presents information concerning the total compensation of the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer (the “Named Executive Officers”) for services rendered to the Company in all capacities for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018:

 

Summary Compensation Table

 

Name and principal position   Year   Salary ($)     Bonus ($)     Stock awards ($) (1)(3)(4)(5)(6)     Option awards ($) (1)     All other compensation ($) (2)     Total
($)
 
Stanton E. Ross   2019   $ 250,000     $ 250,000     $ 727,500     $     $ 18,089     $ 1,245,589  
Chairman, CEO and President   2018   $ 250,000     $ 250,000     $ 560,000     $     $ 26,390     $ 1,086,390  
                                                     
Thomas J. Heckman Vice President, Chief Financial Officer,   2019   $ 230,000     $ 230,000     $ 436,500     $     $ 7,845     $ 904,345  
Treasurer and Secretary   2018   $ 230,000     $ 23,000     $ 347,500     $     $ 20,460     $ 620,960  

 

(1) Represents aggregate grant date fair value pursuant to ASC Topic 718 for the respective year for stock options granted. Please refer to Note 12 to the consolidated financial statements for further description of the awards and the underlying assumptions utilized to determine the amount of grant date fair value related to such grants.
   
(2) Amounts included in all other compensation include the following items: the employer contribution to the Company’s 401(k) Retirement Savings Plan (the “401(k) Plan”) on behalf of the named executive. We are required to provide a 100% matching contribution for all who elect to contribute up to 3% of their compensation to the plan and a 50% matching contribution for all employees’ elective deferral between 4% and 5%. The employee is (i) 100% vested at all times in the employee contributions and employer matching contributions; (ii) Company paid healthcare insurance; (iii) Company paid contributions to health savings accounts; and (iv) Company paid life, accident and disability insurance. See “All Other Compensation Table” below.
   
(3) Stock awards include the following restricted stock granted during 2018 to Mr. Ross: (i) 50,000 shares at $2.70 per share that vest ratably over the one-year period ending April 15, 2019; and (ii) 200,000 shares at $2.125 per share that vest ratably over the one-year period ending July 5, 2019.
   
(4) Stock awards include the following restricted stock granted during 2018 to Mr. Heckman: (i) 50,000 shares at $2.70 per share that vest ratably over the one-year period ending April 15, 2019; and (ii) 100,000 shares at $2.125 per share that vest ratably over the one-year period ending July 5, 2019.
   
(5) Stock awards include the following restricted stock granted during 2019 to Mr. Ross: 250,000 shares at $2.91 per share that vest ratably over the two-year period ending January 2, 2021.
   
(6) Stock awards include the following restricted stock granted during 2019 to Mr. Heckman: 150,000 shares at $2.91 per share that vest ratably over the two-year period ending January 2, 2021.

 

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All Other Compensation Table

 

Name   Year   401(k) Plan contribution by Company     Company paid healthcare insurance     Flexible & health savings account contributions by Company     Company paid life, accident & disability insurance     Other Contractual payments     Total  
Stanton E. Ross   2019   $ 2,558     $ 13,910     $ 1,100     $ 521     $     $ 18,089  
Chairman, CEO and President   2018   $ 8,694     $ 16,075     $ 1,100     $ 521     $     $ 26,390  
                                                     
Thomas J. Heckman   2019   $ 2,477     $ 4.347   $ 500     $ 521     $     $ 7,845  
Vice President, Chief Financial Officer, Treasurer and Secretary   2018   $ 9,000     $ 10,220     $ 719     $ 521     $     $ 20,460  

 

Compensation Policy. Our executive compensation plan is based on attracting and retaining qualified professionals who possess the skills and leadership necessary to enable us to achieve earnings and profitability growth to satisfy its stockholders. We must, therefore, create incentives for these executives to achieve both our and individual performance objectives using performance-based compensation programs. No one component is considered by itself, but all forms of the compensation package are considered in total. Wherever possible, objective measurements will be utilized to quantify performance, but many subjective factors still come into play when determining performance.

 

Compensation Components. The main elements of its compensation package consist of base salary, stock options or restricted stock awards and bonus.

 

Base Salary. The base salary for each executive officer is reviewed and compared to the prior year, with considerations given for increase or decrease. The review is generally on an annual basis, but may take place more often in the discretion of the Compensation Committee.

 

For fiscal year 2019, the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors (the “Committee”) set the annual base salaries of Stanton E. Ross, President and Chief Executive Officer, and Thomas J. Heckman, Chief Financial Officer, Treasurer and Secretary, at $250,000 and $230,000, respectively. This represents no increase or decrease from the previous year.

 

For fiscal year 2018, the Committee set the annual base salaries of Stanton E. Ross, President and Chief Executive Officer, and Thomas J. Heckman, Chief Financial Officer, Treasurer and Secretary, at $250,000 and $230,000, respectively. This represents an increase from the previous year.

 

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The Committee plans to review the base salaries for possible adjustments on an annual basis. Base salary adjustments will be based on both individual and our performance and will include both objective and subjective criteria specific to each executive’s role and responsibility with us.

 

Stock Options and Restricted Stock Awards. The Compensation Committee determined stock option and restricted stock awards based on numerous factors, some of which include responsibilities incumbent with the role of each executive with us, tenure with us, as well as our performance. The vesting period of options and restricted stock is also tied, in some instances, to our performance directly related to certain executive’s responsibilities with us. The Committee determined that Messrs. Ross and Heckman were eligible for awards of stock options or restricted stock in 2019 based on their performance. Refer to the Grants of Plan-Based Awards table below for restricted stock awards made in 2019. The Committee also determined that Messrs. Ross and Heckman would be eligible in 2020 for awards of restricted stock or stock options. On January 3, 2020, the Committee approved the award of 250,000 restricted shares to Mr. Ross and 150,000 restricted shares to Mr. Heckman, both of which vest 50% on January 2, 2021 and 50% on January 2, 2022, provided each person is employed with us at such point.

 

Bonuses. The Compensation Committee determined to award bonuses to each of the executive officers in 2019 and 2018, as set forth in the foregoing table. Refer to the section entitled “Executive Compensation” for the bonuses paid to Messrs. Ross and Heckman in 2019 and 2018. In fiscal 2019, Messrs. Ross and Heckman were eligible for, and received, bonuses of up to $250,000 and $230,000, respectively. The Compensation Committee reviews each executive officer’s performance on a quarterly basis and determines what, if any, portion of the bonus he has earned and will be paid as of such point.

 

Other. In July 2008, we amended and restated our 401(k) retirement savings plan (the “401(k) Plan”). The amended plan requires us to provide a 100% matching contribution for employees who elect to contribute up to 3% of their compensation to the plan and a 50% matching contribution for employee’s elective deferrals between 4% and 5%. We have made matching contributions for executives who elected to contribute to the 401(k) Plan during 2010. Each participant is 100% vested at all times in employee and employer matching contributions. As of December 31, 2018, a total of 76,040 shares of our common stock were held in the 401(k) Plan. Mr. Heckman, as trustee of the 401(k) Plan, holds the voting power as to the shares of our common stock held in the 401(k) Plan. We have no profit sharing plan in place for our employees. However, we may consider adding such a plan to provide yet another level of compensation to our compensation plan.

 

The following table presents information concerning the grants of Plan-based awards to the Named Executive Officers during the year ended December 31, 2019:

 

Grants of Plan-Based Awards

 

Name   Grant date   Date approved by Compensation Committee   All Other stock awards: Number of shares of stock or units:
(#) (1)
 
    Exercise or base price of option awards ($/Share)     Grant date fair value of stock awards ($) (2)  
Stanton E. Ross Chairman, CEO and President   January 3, 2019   January 3, 2019     250,000 (1)   $ 2.91     $ 727,500  
                                 
Thomas J. Heckman Vice President CFO, Treasurer and Secretary   January 3, 2019   January 3, 2019     150,000 (1)   $ 2.91     $ 436,500  

 

(1) These restricted stock awards were made under the Digital Ally, Inc. Stock Option and Restricted Stock Plans and vest over a two-year period (50% on January 2, 2020 and 50% on January 2, 2021) contingent upon whether the individual is still employed by us at that point.
   
(2) Stock awards noted represent the aggregate amount of grant date fair value as determined under ASC Topic 718. Please refer to Note 12 to the consolidated financial statements for further description of the awards and the underlying assumptions utilized to determine the amount of grant date fair value related to such grants.

 

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The following table presents information concerning the outstanding equity awards for the Named Executive Officers as of December 31, 2019:

 

Outstanding Equity Awards at Fiscal Year-End

 

    Option Awards         Stock Awards  
Name   Number of securities underlying unexercised options (#) exercisable (1)     Number of securities underlying unexercised options (#) unexercisable     Equity incentive plan awards: Number of securities underlying unexercised unearned options (#)     Option exercise price ($)     Option expiration date   Number of shares or units of stock that have not vested (1)     Market value of shares or units of stock that have not vested (2)     Equity incentive plan awards: Number of unearned shares, units or other rights that have not vested     Equity incentive plan awards: Market or Payout value of unearned shares, units or other rights that have not vested  
Stanton E. Ross Chairman, CEO and President     15,000                 $ 4.80    

January 13,

2022

    250,000     $ 255,000           $  
                                                                     
Thomas J. Heckman CFO, Treasurer and Secretary     12,500                 $ 13.20    

January 11,

2021

    150,000     $ 153,000         $  

 

(1) These stock option and restricted stock awards were made under the Digital Ally, Inc. Stock Option and Restricted Stock Plans and vest over the prescribed period contingent upon whether the individual is still employed by the Company at that point.
   
(2) Market value based upon the closing market price of $1.02 on December 31, 2019.

 

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The following table presents information concerning the stock options exercised and the vesting of restricted stock awards during 2019 for the Named Executive Officers for the year ending December 31, 2019:

 

      Option Exercises and Restricted Stock Vested  
      Option Awards       Stock Awards  
      Number of Shares acquired realized on exercise (#)      

Value

realized on exercise ($)

      Number of Shares acquired on vesting (#)       Value on vesting ($)  
Stanton E. Ross
Chairman, CEO & President
        $       395,000     $ 882,050 (1)
Thomas J. Heckman
CFO, Treasurer and Secretary
      $       245,000     $ 597,550 (1)

 

(1) Based on the closing market price of our Common Stock of $2.75 on January 22, 2019, the date of vesting for 125,000 shares of Common Stock for Mr. Ross and 75,000 shares of Common Stock for Mr. Heckman, $4.38 on April 15, 2019, the date of vesting for 50,000 shares of Common Stock for both Mr. Ross and Mr. Heckman, $1.47 on July 4, 2019, the date of vesting for 200,000 shares of Common Stock for Mr. Ross and 100,000 shares of Common Stock for Mr. Heckman, and $1.265 on October 30, 2019, the date of vesting for 20,000 shares of Common Stock for both Mr. Ross and Mr. Heckman.

 

Director Compensation

 

Our non-employee directors received the stock option grants noted in the section below entitled “Director Compensation” for their service on the Board of Directors in 2019, including on the Audit, Nominating and Governance and Compensation Committees.

 

In July 2018, we granted to Messrs. Richie, Caulfield and Hutchins each options exercisable to acquire 50,000 shares of Common Stock at an exercise price of $2.20 per share for their service on the Board of Directors until the next annual meeting of stockholders with vesting to occur on a periodic basis through May 5, 2019 provided each person has remained a director at such dates.

 

In May 2019, we granted to Messrs. Richie, Caulfield and Hutchins each options exercisable to acquire 60,000 shares of Common Stock at an exercise price of $3.01 per share for their service on the Board of Directors until the next annual meeting of stockholders with vesting to occur ratably through May 1, 2020 provided each person has remained a director at such dates.

 

Director compensation for the year ended December 31, 2019 was as follows:

 

Director Compensation

 

Name   Fees earned or paid in
cash ($)
    Stock awards
($) (2)
    Option awards
($) (2)
    Total
($)
 
Stanton E. Ross, Chairman of the Board of Directors (1)   $     $     $     $  
Leroy C. Richie   $ 75,000     $     $ 145,406     $ 220,406  
Daniel F. Hutchins   $ 65,000     $     $ 145,406     $ 210,406  
Michael J. Caulfield   $ 60,000     $     $ 145,406     $ 205,406  

 

(1) Mr. Ross’s compensation and option awards are provided in the Executive Compensation table because he did not receive compensation or stock options for his services as a director.
   
(2) Represents aggregate grant date fair value pursuant to ASC Topic 718 for stock options and restricted stock granted. Please refer to Note 12 to the consolidated financial statements for further description of the awards and the underlying assumptions utilized to determine the amount of grant date fair value related to such grants.

 

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Stock Option and Restricted Stock Grants to Directors

 

Name of Individual   Number of Restricted Shares of Common
Stock Granted
    Number of
Options Granted
   

Average per Share

Exercise Price

 
Stanton E. Ross (1)               $  
Leroy C. Richie (2)           60,000     $ 3.01  
Daniel F. Hutchins (2)           60,000     $ 3.01  
Michael J. Caulfield (2)           60,000     $ 3.01  

 

(1) Mr. Ross’s compensation and option awards are noted in the Executive Compensation table because he did not receive compensation or stock options for his services as a director.
   
(2) The stock option grants were issued on May 21, 2019 with vesting to occur ratably through May 1, 2020.

 

Equity Compensation Plan Information

 

Stock Option Plans

 

Securities Authorized for Issuance under Equity Compensation Plans

 

Our Board of Directors adopted the 2005 Stock Option and Restricted Stock Plan (the “2005 Plan”) on September 1, 2005. The 2005 Plan authorized us to reserve 312,500 shares of our Common Stock for issuance upon exercise of options and grant of restricted stock awards. The 2005 Plan terminated in 2015 with 19,678 shares reserved for awards that are now unavailable for issuance. Stock options granted under the 2005 Plan that remain unexercised and outstanding as of December 31, 2019 total 8,063.

 

On January 17, 2006, our Board of Directors adopted the 2006 Stock Option and Restricted Stock Plan (the “2006 Plan”). The 2006 Plan authorizes us to reserve 187,500 shares of Common Stock for future grants under it. The 2006 Plan terminated in 2016 with 24,662 shares of Common Stock reserved for awards that are now unavailable for issuance. Stock options granted under the 2006 Plan that remain unexercised and outstanding as of December 31, 2019 total 42,812.

 

On January 24, 2007, our Board of Directors adopted the 2007 Stock Option and Restricted Stock Plan (the “2007 Plan”). The 2007 Plan authorizes us to reserve 187,500 shares of Common Stock for future grants under it. The 2007 Plan terminated in 2017 with 88,401 shares of Common Stock reserved for awards that are now unavailable for issuance. Stock options granted under the 2007 Plan that remain unexercised and outstanding as of December 31, 2019 total 6,250.

 

On January 2, 2008, our Board of Directors adopted the 2008 Stock Option and Restricted Stock Plan (the “2008 Plan”). The 2008 Plan authorizes us to reserve 125,000 shares of Common Stock for future grants under it. The 2008 Plan terminated in 2018 with 8,249 shares of Common Stock reserved for awards that are now unavailable for issuance. Stock options granted under the 2008 Plan that remain unexercised and outstanding as of December 31, 2019 total 32,250.

 

On March 18, 2011, our Board of Directors adopted the 2011 Stock Option and Restricted Stock Plan (the “2011 Plan”). The 2011 Plan authorizes us to reserve 62,500 shares of Common Stock for future grants under it. At December 31, 2018, there were no shares of Common Stock reserved for awards available for issuance under the 2011 Plan. Stock options granted under the 2011 Plan that remain unexercised and outstanding as of December 31, 2019 total 9,750.

 

On March 22, 2013, our Board of Directors adopted the 2013 Stock Option and Restricted Stock Plan (the “2013 Plan”). The 2013 Plan was amended on March 28, 2014 and November 14, 2014 to increase the number of shares of Common Stock authorized and reserved for issuance under the 2013 Plan to a total of 300,000. At December 31, 2018, there were no shares of Common Stock reserved for awards available for issuance under the 2013 Plan. Stock options granted under the 2013 Plan that remain unexercised and outstanding as of December 31, 2019 total 20,000.

 

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On March 27, 2015, our Board of Directors adopted the 2015 Stock Option and Restricted Stock Plan (the “2015 Plan”). The 2015 Plan was amended on February 25, 2016 and May 31, 2017 to increase the number of shares of Common Stock authorized and reserved for issuance under the 2015 Plan to a total of 1,250,000. At December 31, 2019, there were 3,686 shares of Common Stock reserved for awards available for issuance under the 2015 Plan, as amended. Stock options granted under the 2015 Plan that remain unexercised and outstanding as of December 31, 2019 total 130,000.

 

On April 12, 2018, our Board of Directors adopted the 2018 Stock Option and Restricted Stock Plan (the “2018 Plan”). The 2018 Plan was amended on May 21, 2019 to increase the number of shares of Common Stock authorized and reserved for issuance under the 2018 Plan to a total of 1,750,000. At December 31, 2019, there were 625,500 shares of Common Stock reserved for awards available for issuance under the 2018 Plan. Stock options granted under the 2018 Plan that remain unexercised and outstanding as of December 31, 2019 total 340,000.

 

The 2005 Plan, 2006 Plan, 2007 Plan, 2008 Plan, 2011 Plan, 2013 Plan, 2015 Plan and 2018 Plan are referred to as the “Plans.”

 

The Plans authorize us to grant (i) to the key employees incentive stock options (except for the 2007 Plan) to purchase shares of Common Stock and non-qualified stock options to purchase shares of Common Stock and restricted stock awards, and (ii) to non-employee directors and consultants’ non-qualified stock options and restricted stock. The Compensation Committee of our Board of Directors administers the Plans by making recommendations to the Board of Directors or determinations regarding the persons to whom options or restricted stock should be granted and the amount, terms, conditions and restrictions of the awards.

 

The Plans allow for the grant of incentive stock options (except for the 2007 Plan), non-qualified stock options and restricted stock awards. Incentive stock options granted under the Plans must have an exercise price at least equal to 100% of the fair market value of the Common Stock as of the date of grant. Incentive stock options granted to any person who owns, immediately after the grant, stock possessing more than 10% of the combined voting power of all classes of our stock, or of any parent or subsidiary corporation, must have an exercise price at least equal to 110% of the fair market value of the Common Stock on the date of grant. Non-statutory stock options may have exercise prices as determined by our Compensation Committee.

 

The Compensation Committee is also authorized to grant restricted stock awards under the Plans. A restricted stock award is a grant of shares of the Common Stock that is subject to restrictions on transferability, risk of forfeiture and other restrictions and that may be forfeited in the event of certain terminations of employment or service prior to the end of a restricted period specified by the Compensation Committee.

 

We have filed various registration statements on Form S-8 and amendments to previously filed Form S-8 filings with the SEC which registered a total of 4,175,000 shares of Common Stock issued or to be issued upon exercise of the stock options underlying the various stock option plans.

 

The following table sets forth certain information regarding the stock option plans adopted by the Company as of December 31, 2019:

 

Plan category   Number of securities to be issued upon exercise of outstanding options, warrants and rights (a)     Weighted-average exercise price of outstanding options, warrants and rights (b)     Number of securities remaining available for future issuance under equity compensation plans (excluding securities reflected in column (a)) (c)  
Equity compensation plans approved by stockholders     582,875     $ 3.63       625,500  
Equity compensation plans not approved by stockholders     6,250     $ 13.71        
Total all plans     589,125     $ 3.74       625,500  

 

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The number of stock options and restricted stock awards that an employee, director, or consultant may receive under our Plans is in the discretion of the administrator and therefore cannot be determined in advance. The Board of Directors’ policy in 2019 was to grant officers an award of 250,000 restricted shares of Common Stock to our CEO/President and 230,000 restricted shares of Common Stock to our CFO/Treasurer and each non-employee director an award of options to purchase 60,000 shares of Common Stock, all subject to vesting requirements.

 

The following table sets forth (a) the aggregate number of shares of Common Stock subject to options granted under the Plans during the year-ended December 31, 2019 and (b) the average per share exercise price of such options.

 

Stock Option and Restricted Stock Grants

 

Name of Individual or Group   Number of Restricted Shares of Common Stock Granted     Number of Options Granted     Average per Share Exercise Price  
Stanton E. Ross, Chairman of the Board of Directors, CEO & President     250,000           $  
Leroy C. Richie, Director           60,000     $ 3.01  
Daniel F. Hutchins, Director           60,000     $ 3.01  
Michael J. Caulfield, Director           60,000     $ 3.01  
Thomas J. Heckman, Vice President, CFO,
Treasurer & Secretary
    150,000           $  
                         
All executive officers, as a group     400,000           $  
All directors who are not executive officers, as a group           180,000     $ 3.01  
All employees who are not executive officers, as a group     121,040           $  

 

Employment Contracts; Termination of Employment and Change-in-Control Arrangements

 

We do not have any employment agreements with any of our executive officers. However, on December 23, 2008, we entered into retention agreements with the following executive officers: Stanton E. Ross and Thomas J. Heckman. In April 2018 we amended these agreements.

 

Retention Agreements - Potential Payments upon Termination or Change of Control

 

The following table sets forth for each named executive officer potential post-employment payments and payments on a change in control and assumes that the triggering event took place on January 1, 2020 and that the amendments to the retention agreements of each person were in effect.

 

Retention Agreement Compensation

 

Name   Change in control payment due based upon successful completion of transaction    

Severance payment due based on termination after Change of

Control occurs

    Total  
Stanton E. Ross   $ 125,000     $ 500,000     $ 625,000  
Thomas J. Heckman   $ 115,000     $ 460,000     $ 575,000  
Total   $ 240,000     $ 960,000     $ 1,200,000  

 

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The retention agreements guarantee the executive officers specific payments and benefits upon a Change in Control of the Company. The retention agreements also provide for specified severance benefits if, after a Change in Control of the Company occurs, the executive officer voluntarily terminates employment for “Good Reason” or is involuntarily terminated without “Cause.”

 

Under the retention agreements, a “Change in Control” means (i) one party alone, or acting with others, has acquired or gained control over more than 50% of the voting shares of the Company; (ii) the Company merges or consolidates with or into another entity or completes any other corporate reorganization, if more than 50% of the combined voting power of the surviving entity’s securities outstanding immediately after such merger, consolidation or other reorganization is owned by persons who were not stockholders of the Company immediately prior to such merger, consolidation or other reorganization; (iii) a majority of the Board of Directors is replaced and/or dismissed by the stockholders of the Company without the recommendation of or nomination by the Company’s current Board of Directors; (iv) the Company’s Chief Executive Officer (the “CEO”) is replaced and/or dismissed by stockholders without the approval of the Board of Directors; or (v) the Company sells, transfers or otherwise disposes of all or substantially all of the consolidated assets of the Company and the Company does not own stock in the purchaser or purchasers having more than 50% of the voting power of the entity owning all or substantially all of the consolidated assets of the Company after such purchase.

 

“Good Reason” means either (i) a material adverse change in the executive’s status as an executive or other key employee of the Company, including without limitation, a material adverse change in the executive’s position, authority, or aggregate duties or responsibilities; (ii) any adverse change in the executive’s base salary, target bonus or benefits; or (iii) a request by the Company to materially change the executive’s geographic work location.

 

“Cause” means (i) the executive has acted in bad faith and to the detriment of the Company; (ii) the executive has refused or failed to act in accordance with any specific lawful and material direction or order of his or her supervisor; (iii) the executive has exhibited, in regard to employment, unfitness or unavailability for service, misconduct, dishonesty, habitual neglect, incompetence, or has committed an act of embezzlement, fraud or theft with respect to the property of the Company; (iv) the executive has abused alcohol or drugs on the job or in a manner that affects the executive’s job performance; and/or (v) the executive has been found guilty of or has plead nolo contendere to the commission of a crime involving dishonesty, breach of trust, or physical or emotional harm to any person. Prior to termination for Cause, the Company shall give the executive written notice of the reason for such potential termination and provide the executive a 30-day period to cure such conduct or act or omission alleged to provide grounds for such termination.

 

If any Change in Control occurs and the executive continues to be employed as of the completion of such Change in Control, upon completion of such Change in Control, as payment for the executive’s additional efforts during such Change in Control, the Company shall pay the executive a Change in Control benefit payment equal to three months of the his base salary at the rate in effect immediately prior to the Change in Control completion date, payable in a lump sum net of required tax withholdings. If any Change in Control occurs, and if, during the one-year period following the Change in Control, the Company terminates the executive’s employment without Cause or the executive submits a resignation for Good Reason (the effective date of such termination or resignation, the “Termination Date”), then:

 

(a) The Company shall pay the executive severance pay equal to 12 months of his base salary at the higher of the rate in effect immediately prior to the Termination Date or the rate in effect immediately prior to the occurrence of the event or events constituting Good Reason, payable on the Termination Date in a lump sum net of required tax withholdings, plus all other amounts then payable by the Company to the executive less any amounts then due and owing from the executive to the Company;

 

(b) The Company shall provide continuation of the executive’s health benefits at the Company’s expense for 18 months following the Termination Date; and

 

(c) The executive’s outstanding employee stock options shall fully vest and be exercisable for a 90-day period following the Termination Date.

 

The executive is not entitled to the above severance benefits for a termination based on death or disability, resignation without Good Reason or termination for Cause. Following the Termination Date, the Company shall also pay the executive all reimbursements for expenses in accordance with the Company’s policies, within ten days of submission of appropriate evidence thereof by the executive.

 

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SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT

 

The following table sets forth, as of February 6, 2020, information regarding beneficial ownership of our Common Stock, as adjusted to reflect the sale of the securities offered by us in this offering for:

 

  each person, or group of affiliated persons, known by us to beneficially own more than 5% of our Common Stock;
     
  each of our executive officers;
     
  each of our directors; and
     
  all of our current executive officers and directors as a group

 

Beneficial ownership is determined according to the rules of the SEC and generally means that a person has beneficial ownership of a security if he, she or it possesses sole or shared voting or investment power of that security, including securities that are currently exercisable or exercisable within sixty (60) days of February 6, 2020. Except as indicated by the footnotes below, we believe, based on the information furnished to us, that the persons named in the table below have sole voting and investment power with respect to all shares of Common Stock shown that they beneficially own, subject to community property laws where applicable.

 

Common Stock subject to securities currently exercisable or exercisable within sixty (60) days of February 6, 2020, are deemed to be outstanding for computing the percentage ownership of the person holding such securities and the percentage ownership of any group of which the holder is a member but are not deemed outstanding for computing the percentage of any other person.

 

Unless otherwise indicated, the address of each beneficial owner listed in the table below is c/o Digital Ally, Inc., 9705 Loiret Blvd., Lenexa, KS 66219.

 

    Number of shares
beneficially owned
before this offering (1)
    % of Total
Voting
Power
   

Number of shares
beneficially owned after

this offering (2)

    % of Total
Voting Power
 
    Common     Before     Common     After  
    Shares     %     Offering     Shares     %     Offering  
5% or Greater Stockholders:                                                
Michael Glita
25 Notchpark Road
Little Falls, NJ 07424
    1,410,475       10.2 %     10.2 %               %       %
Executive Officers and Directors:                                                
Stanton E. Ross (3)     1,333,301       9.6 %     9.6 %               %       %
Leroy C. Richie (4)     175,468       1.3 %     1.3 %               %       %
Daniel F. Hutchins (5)     178,950       1.3 %     1.3 %               %       %
Michael J. Caulfield (6)     137,855       1.0 %     1.0 %               %       %
Thomas J. Heckman (7)     1,102,713       8.0 %     8.0 %               %       %
                                                 
All executive officers and directors as a group (five individuals)     2,928,287       21.2 %     21.2 %               %       %

 

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(1)

Based on 13,367,172 shares of Common Stock issued and outstanding as of February 6, 2020 and, with respect only to the ownership by all executive officers and directors as a group, an additional aggregate of 443,750 options vested or to vest within sixty (60) days held by officers and directors as of February 6, 2020. The percentages exclude the shares of Common Stock to be sold under this prospectus related to the offer and sale of an aggregate of              shares of Common Stock underlying the Class A Units and accompanying Warrants and an aggregate of              shares of Common Stock exercisable pursuant to the Pre-Funded Warrants included in the Class B Units and accompanying Warrants. The percentages also do not include any securities issued pursuant to the underwriters’ over-allotment option

   
(2) Based on          shares of Common Stock issued and outstanding as of February     , 2020 and, with respect only to the ownership by all executive officers and directors as a group, an additional aggregate of          options vested or to vest within sixty (60) days held by officers and directors as of February     , 2020. The percentages include the shares of Common Stock to be sold under this prospectus related to the offer and sale of an aggregate of              shares of Common Stock underlying the Class A Units, but do not include (i) any shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of the Pre-Funded Warrants, (ii) any shares issuable upon exercise of the accompanying Warrants or (iii) any shares of Common Stock issuable pursuant to the underwriters’ over-allotment option.
   
(3) Mr. Ross’s total shares include: (i) 375,000 restricted shares that are subject to forfeiture to us and (ii) vested options exercisable to purchase 15,000 shares of Common Stock. Mr. Ross has pledged 200,525 shares of Common Stock and options exercisable to purchase 15,000 shares of Common Stock to the lenders as collateral for personal loans.
   
(4) Mr. Richie’s total shares include vested options exercisable to purchase 136,250 shares of Common Stock.
   
(5) Mr. Hutchins’ total shares include vested options exercisable to purchase 145,000 shares of Common Stock.
   
(6) Mr. Caulfield’s total shares include vested options exercisable to purchase 135,000 shares of Common Stock.
   
(7) Mr. Heckman’s total shares include (i) 225,000 restricted shares that are subject to forfeiture to us, (ii) vested options exercisable to purchase 12,500 shares of Common Stock and (iii) 176,429 shares of Common Stock held in the Company’s 401(k) Plan (on December 31, 2019) as to which Mr. Heckman has voting power as trustee of the 401(k) Plan. Mr. Heckman has pledged 143,059 shares of Common Stock to financial institutions as collateral for personal loans.

 

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CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS

 

We engaged in no reportable transactions with related persons since the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017 that involved an amount that exceeds the lesser of $120,000 or one percent of the average of the Company’s total assets at year end for the last two completed fiscal years, other than the following:

 

We entered into an agreement that required us to make monthly payments that will be applied to future commissions and/or consulting fees to be earned by the provider. The agreement is with a limited liability company (“LLC”) that is minority owned by a relative of our chief financial officer. Under the agreement, dated January 15, 2016 and as amended on February 13, 2017, the LLC provides consulting services for developing a new distribution channel outside of law enforcement for our body-worn camera and related cloud storage products to customers in the United States. We advanced amounts to the LLC as advance against commissions ranging from $5,000 to $6,000 per month plus necessary and reasonable expenses for the period through June 30, 2017, which can be automatically extended based on the LLC achieving minimum sales quotas. The agreement was renewed in January 2017 for a period of three years, subject to yearly minimum sales thresholds that would allow us to terminate the contract if such minimums are not met. As of the date of this filing, we had advanced a total of $276,150 pursuant to this agreement and established an allowance reserve of $226,150 for a net advance of $50,000. The minimum sales threshold has not been met and we have discontinued all advances, although the contract has not been formally terminated. However, the exclusivity provisions of the agreement have been terminated.

 

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DESCRIPTION OF SECURITIES THAT WE ARE OFFERING

 

Capital Stock

 

The following description of our capital stock summarizes general terms and provisions that apply to our capital stock. Since this is only a summary, it does not contain all the information that may be important to you. The summary is subject to and qualified in its entirety by reference to our articles of incorporation, as amended, and our bylaws, as amended, which are filed as exhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part and incorporated by reference into this prospectus. See “Where You Can Find More Information.”

 

Our authorized capital consists of 50,000,000 shares of Common Stock, $0.001 par value per share. As of February 6, 2019, we had 13,367,172 shares of our Common Stock issued and outstanding, which excludes 63,518 shares held in treasury.

 

Common Stock

 

Voting Rights

 

Each share of our Common Stock entitles the owner to one vote. There is no cumulative voting. A simple majority can elect all of the directors at a given meeting, and the minority would not be able to elect any director at that meeting.

 

Dividends

 

Each share of our Common Stock is entitled to receive an equal dividend, if one is declared. We cannot provide any assurance that we will declare or pay cash dividends on our Common Stock in the future. Any future determination to declare cash dividends will be made at the discretion of our Board of Directors, subject to applicable laws, and will depend on our financial condition, results of operations, capital requirements, general business conditions and other factors that our Board of Directors may deem relevant. Our Board of Directors may determine it to be necessary to retain future earnings (if any) to finance our growth. See “Risk Factors” and “Dividend Policy.”

 

Liquidation

 

If the Company is liquidated, then assets that remain (if any) after the creditors are paid and the owners of any securities with liquidation preferences senior to the Common Stock are paid will be distributed to the owners of our Common Stock pro rata.

 

Preemptive Rights

 

Owners of our Common Stock have no preemptive rights. We may sell shares of our Common Stock to third parties without first offering such shares to current stockholders.

 

Redemption Rights

 

We do not have the right to buy back shares of our Common Stock except in extraordinary transactions, such as mergers and court approved bankruptcy reorganizations. Owners of our Common Stock do not ordinarily have the right to require us to buy their Common Stock. We do not have a sinking fund to provide assets for any buy back.

 

Conversion Rights

 

Shares of our Common Stock cannot be converted into any other kind of stock except in extraordinary transactions, such as mergers and court approved bankruptcy reorganizations.

 

Nonassessability

 

All outstanding shares of our Common Stock are fully paid and nonassessable.

 

  46  
 

 

Listing

 

Our Common Stock trades on Nasdaq under the symbol “DGLY.”

 

Description of Units

 

We are offering up to $8,000,000 of Class A Units, with each Class A Unit consisting of one share of Common Stock and a Warrant to purchase 0.75 shares of our Common Stock (together with the shares of Common Stock underlying such Warrants) at a public offering price of $     per Class A Unit. Each Warrant included in the Class A Units entitles its holder to purchase 0.75 shares of Common Stock at an exercise price of $    .

 

We are also offering up to $8,000,000 of Class B Units to purchasers who prefer to avoid beneficially owning more than 4.99% (or, at the election of the purchaser, 9.99%) of our outstanding Common Stock following the consummation of this offering with each Class B Unit consisting of one Pre-Funded Warrant, initially exercisable into one share of Common Stock, at an exercise price of $0.001 per share of Common Stock (and a Warrant to purchase 0.75 shares of Common Stock at an initial exercise price of $      per share of Common Stock (together with the shares of Common Stock underlying such Pre-Funded Warrants and Warrants) at an public offering price of $      per Class B Unit. For each Class B Unit that we sell, the number of Class A Units that we are offering will be decreased on a one-for-one basis.

 

The securities of which the Units are composed (the “underlying securities”) are being sold in this offering only as part of the Units. However, the Class A Units and Class B Units will not be certificated and the underlying securities comprising such units are immediately separable. Each underlying security purchased in this offering will be issued independent of each other underlying security and not as part of a Unit. Upon issuance, each underlying security may be transferred independent of any other underlying security, subject to applicable law and transfer restrictions.

 

Description of Warrants Included in the Units

 

The material terms and provisions of the Warrants being offered pursuant to this prospectus are summarized below. This summary of some provisions of the Warrants is not complete. For the complete terms of the Warrants, you should refer to the form of Warrant filed as an exhibit to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part.

 

Each Class A Unit includes a Warrant to purchase 0.75 shares of our Common Stock at an initial exercise price of $     per share at any time for up to five years after the date of the closing of this offering. Each Class B Unit issued in this offering also includes a Warrant to purchase 0.75 shares of Common Stock at an initial exercise price of $     at any time for up to five years after the date of the closing of this offering. The holder of a Warrant will not be deemed a holder of our underlying Common Stock until the Warrant is exercised, except as set forth in the Warrants.

 

Subject to limited exceptions, a holder of Warrants will not have the right to exercise any portion of its Warrants if the holder (together with such holder’s affiliates, and any persons acting as a group together with such holder or any of such holder’s affiliates) would beneficially own a number of shares of Common Stock in excess of 4.99% (or, upon election by a holder prior to the issuance of any warrants, 9.99%) of the shares of our Common Stock then outstanding after giving effect to such exercise (the “Beneficial Ownership Limitation”); provided, however, that upon notice to the Company, the holder may increase or decrease the Beneficial Ownership Limitation, provided that in no event shall the Beneficial Ownership Limitation exceed 9.99% and any increase in the Beneficial Ownership Limitation will not be effective until 61 days following notice of such increase from the holder to us.

 

The exercise price and the number of shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of the Warrants is subject to appropriate adjustment in the event of recapitalization events, stock dividends, stock splits, stock combinations, reclassifications, reorganizations or similar events affecting our Common Stock. The Warrant holders must pay the exercise price in cash upon exercise of the Warrants, unless such Warrant holders are utilizing the cashless exercise provision of the Warrants, which is only available in certain circumstances such as if the underlying shares are not registered with the SEC pursuant to an effective registration statement. We intend to use commercially reasonable efforts to have the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part, effective when the Warrants are exercised.

 

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In addition, in the event we consummate a merger or consolidation with or into another person or other reorganization event in which our shares of Common Stock are converted or exchanged for securities, cash or other property, or we sell, lease, license, assign, transfer, convey or otherwise dispose of all or substantially all of our assets or we or another person acquire 50% or more of our outstanding shares of Common Stock, then following such event, the holders of the Warrants will be entitled to receive upon exercise of the Warrants the same kind and amount of securities, cash or property which the holders would have received had they exercised the Warrants immediately prior to such fundamental transaction. Any successor to us or surviving entity shall assume the obligations under the Warrants.

 

Upon the holder’s exercise of a Warrant, we will issue the shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of the Warrant within the earlier of three trading days following our receipt of a notice of exercise or the standard settlement period for the market on which the Common Stock is then listed, provided that payment of the exercise price has been made (unless exercised via the “cashless” exercise provision).

 

Prior to the exercise of any Warrants, holders of the Warrants will not have any of the rights of holders of the Common Stock purchasable upon exercise, including the right to vote, except as set forth therein.

 

Warrant holders may exercise Warrants only if the issuance of the shares of Common Stock upon exercise of the Warrants is covered by an effective registration statement, or an exemption from registration is available under the Securities Act and the securities laws of the state in which the holder resides. The Warrant holders must pay the exercise price in cash upon exercise of the Warrants unless there is not an effective registration statement or, if required, there is not an effective state law registration or exemption covering the issuance of the shares underlying the Warrants (in which case, the Warrants may only be exercised via a “cashless” exercise provision).

 

We do not intend to apply for listing of the Warrants on any securities exchange or other trading system.

 

Description of Pre-Funded Warrants

 

The following summary of certain terms and provisions of Pre-Funded Warrants that are being offered hereby is not complete and is subject to, and qualified in its entirety by, the provisions of the Pre-Funded Warrants, the form of which is filed as an exhibit to the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part. Prospective investors should carefully review the terms and provisions of the form of Pre-Funded Warrant for a complete description of the terms and conditions of the Pre-Funded Warrants.

 

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Duration and Exercise Price

 

Each Pre-Funded Warrant offered hereby will have an initial exercise price per share equal to $0.001. The Pre-Funded Warrants will be immediately exercisable and may be exercised at any time until the Pre-Funded Warrants are exercised in full. The exercise price and number of shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise is subject to appropriate adjustment in the event of stock dividends, stock splits, reorganizations or similar events affecting our Common Stock and the exercise price.

 

Exercisability

 

The Pre-Funded Warrants will be exercisable, at the option of each holder, in whole or in part, by delivering to us a duly executed exercise notice accompanied by payment in full for the number of shares of our Common Stock purchased upon such exercise (except in the case of a cashless exercise as discussed below). A holder (together with its affiliates) may not exercise any portion of the Pre-Funded Warrant to the extent that the holder would own more than 4.99% (or at the election of the holder, 9.99%) of the outstanding Common Stock immediately after exercise, except that upon at least 61 days’ prior notice from the holder to us, the holder may increase the amount of ownership of outstanding stock after exercising the holder’s Pre-Funded Warrants. No fractional shares of Common Stock will be issued in connection with the exercise of a Pre-Funded Warrant. In lieu of fractional shares, we will pay the holder an amount in cash equal to the fractional amount multiplied by the exercise price.

 

Cashless Exercise

 

In lieu of making the cash payment otherwise contemplated to be made to us upon such exercise in payment of the aggregate exercise price, the holder may elect instead to receive upon such exercise (either in whole or in part) the net number of shares of Common Stock determined according to a formula set forth in the Pre-Funded Warrants.

 

Fundamental Transaction

 

In the event of a fundamental transaction, as described in the Pre-Funded Warrants and generally including any reorganization, recapitalization or reclassification of our Common Stock, the sale, transfer or other disposition of all or substantially all of our properties or assets, our consolidation or merger with or into another person, the acquisition of more than 50% of our outstanding Common Stock, or any person or group becoming the beneficial owner of 50% of the voting power represented by our outstanding Common Stock, the holders of the Pre-Funded Warrants will be entitled to receive upon exercise of the Pre-Funded Warrants the kind and amount of securities, cash or other property that the holders would have received had they exercised the Pre-Funded Warrants immediately prior to such fundamental transaction.

 

Transferability

 

Subject to applicable laws, a Pre-Funded Warrant may be transferred at the option of the holder upon surrender of the Pre-Funded Warrant to us together with the appropriate instruments of transfer.

 

Exchange Listing

 

We do not intend to list the Pre-Funded Warrants on any securities exchange or nationally recognized trading system.

 

Rights as a Stockholder

 

Except as otherwise provided in the Pre-Funded Warrants or by virtue of such holder’s ownership of shares of our Common Stock, the holders of the Pre-Funded Warrants do not have the rights or privileges of holders of our Common Stock, including any voting rights, until they exercise their Pre-Funded Warrants.

 

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Options and Warrants

 

As of February 6, 2020, there were outstanding Common Stock options entitling the holders to purchase 589,125 shares of Common Stock at a weighted average exercise price of $3.74 per share with a weighted average remaining contractual life of 7.2 years and warrants entitling the holders to purchase up to 4,860,323 shares of Common Stock at a weighted average exercise price of $5.12 per share with a weighted average remaining contractual life of 2.6 years

 

Nevada Anti-Takeover Statutes

 

Nevada law provides that an acquiring person who acquires a controlling interest in a corporation may only exercise the voting rights of control shares if those voting rights are conferred by a majority vote of the corporation’s disinterested stockholders at a special meeting held upon the request of the acquiring person. If the acquiring person is accorded full voting rights and acquires control shares with at least a majority of all the voting power, then stockholders who did not vote in favor of authorizing voting rights for those control shares are entitled to payment for the fair value of such stockholders’ shares. A “controlling interest” is an interest that is sufficient to enable the acquiring person to exercise at least one-fifth of the voting power of the corporation in the election of directors. “Control shares” are outstanding voting shares that an acquiring person or associated persons acquire or offer to acquire in an acquisition and those shares acquired during the 90-day period before the person involved became an acquiring person.

 

These provisions of Nevada law apply only to “issuing corporations” as defined therein. An “issuing corporation” is a Nevada corporation that (a) has 200 or more stockholders, with at least 100 of such stockholders being both stockholders of record and residents of Nevada, and (b) does business in Nevada directly or through an affiliated corporation. As of the date of this prospectus, we do not have 100 stockholders of record that are residents of Nevada. Therefore, these provisions of Nevada law do not apply to acquisitions of our shares and will not so apply until such time as both of the foregoing conditions are satisfied. At such time as these provisions of Nevada law may apply to us, they may discourage companies or persons interested in acquiring a significant interest in or control of our company, regardless of whether such acquisition may be in the interest of our stockholders.

 

Nevada law also restricts the ability of a corporation to engage in any combination with an interested stockholder for three years from when the interested stockholder acquires shares that cause the stockholder to become an interested stockholder, unless the combination or purchase of shares by the interested stockholder is approved by the Board of Directors before the stockholder became an interested stockholder. If the combination was not previously approved, then the interested stockholder may only effect a combination after the three-year period if the stockholder receives approval from a majority of the disinterested shares or the offer satisfies certain fair price criteria.

 

An “interested stockholder” is a person who is:

 

  the beneficial owner, directly or indirectly, of 10% or more of the voting power of the outstanding voting shares of the corporation; or
     
  an affiliate or associate of the corporation and, at any time within three years immediately before the date in question, was the beneficial owner, directly or indirectly of 10% or more of the voting power of the then outstanding shares of the corporation.

 

Our articles of incorporation, as amended, and bylaws, as amended, do not exclude us from these restrictions.

 

These provisions are intended to enhance the likelihood of continuity and stability in the composition of the Board of Directors and in the policies formulated by the Board of Directors and to discourage some types of transactions that may involve the actual or threatened change of control of our company. These provisions are designed to reduce our vulnerability to an unsolicited proposal for the potential restructuring or sale of all or a part of our company. However, these provisions could discourage potential acquisition proposals and could delay or prevent a change in control of our company. They also may have the effect of preventing changes in our management.

 

Transfer Agent

 

The transfer agent for our Common Stock is Action Stock Transfer Corporation, located at 2469 E. Fort Union Blvd., Salt Lake City, UT 84122. Its telephone number is (801) 274-1088.

 

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UNDERWRITING

 

We have entered into an underwriting agreement with Roth Capital Partners, LLC, as representative of the underwriters named below with respect to the offering of the Units. Subject to the terms and conditions of the underwriting agreement, we have agreed to sell to the underwriters, and the underwriters have agreed to purchase at the public offering price, less the underwriting discounts set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, the number of Class A Units and Class B Units opposite each underwriter’s name below:

 

Underwriters   Class A Units     Class B Units  
Roth Capital Partners, LLC                        
Lake Street Capital Markets, LLC                
Total                

 

A copy of the underwriting agreement will be filed as an exhibit to the registration statement of which this prospectus is part.

 

The underwriting agreement provides that the obligations of the underwriters to pay for and accept delivery of the Units offered by us in this prospectus are subject to various representations and warranties and other customary conditions specified in the underwriting agreement, such as receipt by the underwriters of officers’ certificates and legal opinions.

 

We have agreed to indemnify the underwriters against specified liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act, and to contribute to payments the underwriters may be required to make in respect thereof.

 

We have granted the underwriters an over-allotment option. Such option, which is exercisable for up to 45 days after the date of this prospectus, permits the underwriters to purchase up to             additional shares of Common Stock (up to 15% of the shares of Common Stock plus the number of shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of the Pre-Funded Warrants) and up to             additional Warrants exercisable for up to an additional             shares of Common Stock (up to 15% of the Warrants sold in this offering) at the public offering price per share of Common Stock and the public offering price per Warrant set forth above, less the underwriting discounts and commissions solely to cover over-allotments. If the underwriters exercise such option in whole or in part, they will be committed to purchase the additional Units, subject to the conditions described in the underwriting agreement.

 

Discounts, Commissions and Reimbursement

 

The underwriters have advised us that they propose to offer the Units to the public at the offering price per Unit set forth on the cover page of this prospectus. The underwriters may offer the Units to securities dealers at that price less a concession of not more than $ per Unit, of which up to $ per Unit may be reallowed to other dealers. After the offering is initially made to the public, the public offering price and other selling terms may be changed by the underwriters.

 

The following table summarizes the underwriting discounts and commissions and proceeds, before expenses, to us, assuming both no exercise and full exercise by the underwriters of their over-allotment option:

 

    Per
Class A
Unit(1)
    Per
Class B
Unit(1)
    Total    

Total with Full
Exercise of

Over-allotment
Option

 
Public offering price                                                    
Underwriting discount to be paid to the underwriters by us (7%)(2)(3)                                
Proceeds, before expenses, to us                                

 

(1) The public offering price and underwriting discount corresponds to (x) in respect of the Class A Units (i) a public offering price per share of Common Stock of $      and (ii) a public offering price per Warrant of $      and (y) in respect of the Class B Units (i) a public offering price per share of Pre-Funded Warrant of $       and (ii) a public offering price per Warrant of $      .
     
(2) We have also agreed to reimburse the accountable expenses of the representative, including legal fees, in this offering, up to a maximum of $85,000.
     
(3) We have granted a 45-day option to the representative to purchase up to             additional shares of Common Stock (up to 15% of the shares of Common Stock plus the number of shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of the Pre-Funded Warrants) and up to            additional Warrants exercisable for up to an additional             shares of Common Stock (up to 15% of the Warrants sold in this offering) at the public offering price per share of Common Stock and the public offering price per Warrant set forth above, less the underwriting discounts and commissions solely to cover over-allotments, if any.

 

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We have also agreed to reimburse certain expenses of the underwriters relating to this offering as set forth in the underwriting agreement, including the fees and expenses of the underwriters’ legal counsel and expenses associated with the review of this offering by FINRA. However, the maximum amount we have agreed to reimburse the underwriters for their accountable expenses will not exceed $85,000.

 

We estimate the expenses of this offering payable by us, not including underwriting discounts and commissions, will be approximately $      .

 

Discretionary Accounts

 

The underwriters do not intend to confirm sales of the Units offered hereby to any accounts over which they have discretionary authority.

 

Lock-Up Agreements

 

We and each of our directors and officers have agreed for a period of (i) 90 days after the date of this prospectus in the case of our directors and officers and (ii) 90 days after the date of this prospectus in the case of the Company, without the prior written consent of the underwriters, not to directly or indirectly:

 

issue (in the case of us), offer, pledge, assign, encumber, announce the intention to sell, sell, contract to sell, sell any option or contract to purchase, purchase any option or contract to sell, grant any option, right or warrant to purchase, lend, or otherwise transfer or dispose of, directly or indirectly, any shares of capital stock of the Company or any securities convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for shares of capital stock of the Company;
in the case of us, file or cause the filing of any registration statement under the Securities Act with respect to any shares of Common Stock or other capital stock or any securities convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for our Common Stock or other capital stock;
complete any offering of debt securities of the Company, other than entering into a line of credit, term loan arrangement or other debt instrument with a traditional bank;
enter into any swap or other agreement that transfers, in whole or in part, any of the economic consequences of ownership of the Company’s securities, whether any such transaction is to be settled by delivery of shares of Common Stock or such other securities, in cash or otherwise;
sell, agree to sell, offer or sell, solicit offers to purchase, grant any call option, warrant or other right to purchase, purchase any put option or other right to sell, pledge, borrow or otherwise dispose of Company’s securities;
establish or increase any “put equivalent position” or liquidate or decrease any “call equivalent position” (in each case within the meaning of Section 16 of the Exchange Act) with respect to any Company security;
make any demand for or exercise any right with respect to, the registration of any Company security;
otherwise enter into any swap, derivative or other transaction or arrangement that transfers to another, in whole or in part, any economic consequence of ownership of a Company security, whether or not such transaction is to be settled by delivery of Company securities, other securities, cash or other consideration; or
publicly announce an intention to do any of the foregoing.

 

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Electronic Offer, Sale and Distribution of Securities

 

A prospectus in electronic format may be made available on the websites maintained by the underwriters or selling group members. The underwriters may agree to allocate a number of securities to selling group members for sale to its online brokerage account holders. Internet distributions will be allocated by the underwriters and selling group members that will make internet distributions on the same basis as other allocations. Other than the prospectus in electronic format, the information on these websites is not part of, nor incorporated by reference into, this prospectus or the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part, has not been approved or endorsed by us, and should not be relied upon by investors.

 

Stabilization

 

In connection with this offering, the underwriters may engage in stabilizing transactions, over-allotment transactions, syndicate-covering transactions, penalty bids and purchases to cover positions created by short sales.

 

Stabilizing transactions permit bids to purchase shares so long as the stabilizing bids do not exceed a specified maximum, and are engaged in for the purpose of preventing or retarding a decline in the market price of the shares while this offering is in progress.

 

Over-allotment transactions involve sales by the underwriters of securities in excess of the number of securities the underwriters are obligated to purchase. This creates a syndicate short position which may be either a covered short position or a naked short position. In a covered short position, the number of securities over-allotted by the underwriters is not greater than the number of securities that they may purchase in the over-allotment option. In a naked short position, the number securities involved is greater than the number of securities in the over-allotment option. The underwriters may close out any short position by exercising its over-allotment option and/or purchasing securities in the open market.

 

Syndicate covering transactions involve purchases of securities in the open market after the distribution has been completed in order to cover syndicate short positions. In determining the source of securities to close out the short position, the underwriters will consider, among other things, the price of securities available for purchase in the open market as compared with the price at which it may purchase securities through exercise of the over-allotment option. If the underwriters sell more securities than could be covered by exercise of the over-allotment option and, therefore, have a naked short position, the position can be closed out only by buying securities in the open market. A naked short position is more likely to be created if the underwriters are concerned that after pricing there could be downward pressure on the price of the securities in the open market that could adversely affect investors who purchase in this offering.

 

Penalty bids permit the underwriters to reclaim a selling concession from a syndicate member when the securities originally sold by that syndicate member are purchased in stabilizing or syndicate covering transactions to cover syndicate short positions.

 

These stabilizing transactions, syndicate covering transactions and penalty bids may have the effect of raising or maintaining the market price of our shares of common stock or preventing or retarding a decline in the market price of shares of Common Stock. As a result, the price of Common Stock in the open market may be higher than it would otherwise be in the absence of these transactions. Neither we nor the underwriters makes any representation or prediction as to the effect that the transactions described above may have on the price of Common Stock. These transactions may be effected in the over-the-counter market or otherwise and, if commenced, may be discontinued at any time.

 

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Other Relationships

 

Certain of the underwriters and their affiliates have provided in the past to us and our affiliates and may provide from time to time in the future certain commercial banking, financial advisory, investment banking and other services for us and such affiliates in the ordinary course of their business, for which they have received and may continue to receive customary fees and commissions. In addition, from time to time, certain of the underwriters and their affiliates may effect transactions for their own account or the account of customers, and hold on behalf of themselves or their customers, long or short positions in our debt or equity securities or loans, and may do so in the future.

 

Offer restrictions outside the United States

 

Other than in the United States, no action has been taken by us or the underwriters that would permit a public offering of the Units offered by this prospectus in any jurisdiction where action for that purpose is required. The Units offered by this prospectus may not be offered or sold, directly or indirectly, nor may this prospectus or any other offering material or advertisements in connection with the offer and sale of any such securities be distributed or published in any jurisdiction, except under circumstances that will result in compliance with the applicable rules and regulations of that jurisdiction. Persons into whose possession this prospectus comes are advised to inform themselves about and to observe any restrictions relating to this offering and the distribution of this prospectus. This prospectus does not constitute an offer to sell or a solicitation of an offer to buy any securities offered by this prospectus in any jurisdiction in which such an offer or a solicitation is unlawful.

 

Australia

 

This prospectus is not a disclosure document under Chapter 6D of the Australian Corporations Act, has not been lodged with the Australian Securities and Investments Commission and does not purport to include the information required of a disclosure document under Chapter 6D of the Australian Corporations Act. Accordingly, (i) the offer of the Units under this prospectus is only made to persons to whom it is lawful to offer the Units without disclosure under Chapter 6D of the Australian Corporations Act under one or more exemptions set out in section 708 of the Australian Corporations Act, (ii) this prospectus is made available in Australia only to those persons as set forth in clause (i) above, and (iii) the offeree must be sent a notice stating in substance that by accepting this offer, the offeree represents that the offeree is such a person as set forth in clause (i) above, and, unless permitted under the Australian Corporations Act, agrees not to sell or offer for sale within Australia any of the Units sold to the offeree within 12 months after its transfer to the offeree under this prospectus.

 

China

 

The information in this document does not constitute a public offer of the Units, whether by way of sale or subscription, in the People’s Republic of China (excluding, for purposes of this paragraph, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Macau Special Administrative Region and Taiwan). The Units may not be offered or sold directly or indirectly in the PRC to legal or natural persons other than directly to “qualified domestic institutional investors.”

 

European Economic Area — Belgium, Germany, Luxembourg and Netherlands

 

The information in this document has been prepared on the basis that all offers of securities will be made pursuant to an exemption under the Directive 2003/71/EC (“Prospectus Directive”), as implemented in Member States of the European Economic Area (each, a “Relevant Member State”), from the requirement to produce a prospectus for offers of securities.

 

An offer to the public of securities has not been made, and may not be made, in a Relevant Member State except pursuant to one of the following exemptions under the Prospectus Directive as implemented in that Relevant Member State:

 

to legal entities that are authorized or regulated to operate in the financial markets or, if not so authorized or regulated, whose corporate purpose is solely to invest in securities;
to any legal entity that has two or more of (i) an average of at least 250 employees during its last fiscal year; (ii) a total balance sheet of more than €43,000,000 (as shown on its last annual unconsolidated or consolidated financial statements) and (iii) an annual net turnover of more than €50,000,000 (as shown on its last annual unconsolidated or consolidated financial statements);
to fewer than 100 natural or legal persons (other than qualified investors within the meaning of Article 2(1)(e) of the Prospectus Directive) subject to obtaining the prior consent of the Company or any underwriter for any such offer; or
in any other circumstances falling within Article 3(2) of the Prospectus Directive, provided that no such offer of securities shall require the Company to publish a prospectus pursuant to Article 3 of the Prospectus Directive.

 

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France

 

This document is not being distributed in the context of a public offering of financial securities (offre au public de titres financiers) in France within the meaning of Article L.411-1 of the French Monetary and Financial Code (Code monétaire et financier) and Articles 211-1 et seq. of the General Regulation of the French Autorité des marchés financiers (“AMF”). The Units have not been offered or sold and will not be offered or sold, directly or indirectly, to the public in France.

 

This document and any other offering material relating to the Units have not been, and will not be, submitted to the AMF for approval in France and, accordingly, may not be distributed or caused to distributed, directly or indirectly, to the public in France.

 

Such offers, sales and distributions have been and shall only be made in France to (i) qualified investors (investisseurs qualifiés) acting for their own account, as defined in and in accordance with Articles L.411-2-II-2° and D.411-1 to D.411-3, D. 744-1, D.754-1 and D.764-1 of the French Monetary and Financial Code and any implementing regulation and/or (ii) a restricted number of non-qualified investors (cercle restreint d’investisseurs) acting for their own account, as defined in and in accordance with Articles L.411-2-II-2° and D.411-4, D.744-1, D.754-1 and D.764-1 of the French Monetary and Financial Code and any implementing regulation.

 

Pursuant to Article 211-3 of the General Regulation of the AMF, investors in France are informed that the Units cannot be distributed (directly or indirectly) to the public by the investors otherwise than in accordance with Articles L.411-1, L.411-2, L.412-1 and L.621-8 to L.621-8-3 of the French Monetary and Financial Code.

 

Ireland

 

The information in this document does not constitute a prospectus under any Irish laws or regulations and this document has not been filed with or approved by any Irish regulatory authority as the information has not been prepared in the context of a public offering of securities in Ireland within the meaning of the Irish Prospectus (Directive 2003/71/EC) Regulations 2005 (the “Prospectus Regulations”). The Units offered by this prospectus have not been offered or sold, and will not be offered, sold or delivered directly or indirectly in Ireland by way of a public offering, except to (i) qualified investors as defined in Regulation 2(l) of the Prospectus Regulations and (ii) fewer than 100 natural or legal persons who are not qualified investors.

 

Israel

 

The Units offered by this prospectus have not been approved or disapproved by the Israeli Securities Authority (the ISA), or ISA, nor have such Units been registered for sale in Israel. They may not be offered or sold, directly or indirectly, to the public in Israel, absent the publication of a prospectus. The ISA has not issued permits, approvals or licenses in connection with this offering or publishing the prospectus; nor has it authenticated the details included herein, confirmed their reliability or completeness, or rendered an opinion as to the quality of the Units being offered. Any resale in Israel, directly or indirectly, to the public of the Units offered by this prospectus is subject to restrictions on transferability and must be effected only in compliance with the Israeli securities laws and regulations.

 

Italy

 

The offering of the Units in the Republic of Italy has not been authorized by the Commissione Nazionale per le Società e la Borsa, the Italian Securities and Exchange Commission (“CONSOB”), pursuant to Italian securities legislation and, accordingly, no offering material relating to the Units may be distributed in Italy and such Units may not be offered or sold in Italy in a public offer within the meaning of Article 1.1(t) of Legislative Decree No. 58 of 24 February 1998 (“Decree No. 58”), other than:

 

to Italian qualified investors, as defined in Article 100 of Decree no.58 by reference to Article 34-ter of CONSOB Regulation no. 11971 of 14 May 1999 (“Regulation no. 1197l”) as amended (“Qualified Investors”); and
in other circumstances that are exempt from the rules on public offer pursuant to Article 100 of Decree No. 58 and Article 34-ter of Regulation No. 11971 as amended.

 

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Any offer, sale or delivery of the Units or distribution of any offer document relating to the Units in Italy (excluding placements where a Qualified Investor solicits an offer from the issuer) under the paragraphs above must be:

 

made by investment firms, banks or financial intermediaries permitted to conduct such activities in Italy in accordance with Legislative Decree No. 385 of 1 September 1993 (as amended), Decree No. 58, CONSOB Regulation No. 16190 of 29 October 2007 and any other applicable laws; and
in compliance with all relevant Italian securities, tax and exchange controls and any other applicable laws.

 

Any subsequent distribution of the Units in Italy must be made in compliance with the public offer and prospectus requirement rules provided under Decree No. 58 and the Regulation No. 11971 as amended, unless an exception from those rules applies. Failure to comply with such rules may result in the sale of such Units being declared null and void and in the liability of the entity transferring the Units for any damages suffered by the investors.

 

Japan

 

The Units have not been and will not be registered under Article 4, paragraph 1 of the Financial Instruments and Exchange Law of Japan (Law No. 25 of 1948), as amended (the “FIEL”) pursuant to an exemption from the registration requirements applicable to a private placement of securities to Qualified Institutional Investors (as defined in and in accordance with Article 2, paragraph 3 of the FIEL and the regulations promulgated thereunder). Accordingly, the Units may not be offered or sold, directly or indirectly, in Japan or to, or for the benefit of, any resident of Japan other than Qualified Institutional Investors. Any Qualified Institutional Investor who acquires the Units may not resell them to any person in Japan that is not a Qualified Institutional Investor, and acquisition by any such person of the Units is conditional upon the execution of an agreement to that effect.

 

Portugal

 

This document is not being distributed in the context of a public offer of financial securities (oferta pública de valores mobiliários) in Portugal, within the meaning of Article 109 of the Portuguese Securities Code (Código dos Valores Mobiliários). The Units have not been offered or sold and will not be offered or sold, directly or indirectly, to the public in Portugal. This document and any other offering material relating to the Units have not been, and will not be, submitted to the Portuguese Securities Market Commission (Comissăo do Mercado de Valores Mobiliários) for approval in Portugal and, accordingly, may not be distributed or caused to distributed, directly or indirectly, to the public in Portugal, other than under circumstances that are deemed not to qualify as a public offer under the Portuguese Securities Code. Such offers, sales and distributions of securities in Portugal are limited to persons who are “qualified investors” (as defined in the Portuguese Securities Code). Only such investors may receive this document and they may not distribute it or the information contained in it to any other person.

 

Sweden

 

This document has not been, and will not be, registered with or approved by Finansinspektionen (the Swedish Financial Supervisory Authority). Accordingly, this document may not be made available, nor may the Units be offered for sale in Sweden, other than under circumstances that are deemed not to require a prospectus under the Swedish Financial Instruments Trading Act (1991:980) (Sw. lag (1991:980) om handel med finansiella instrument). Any offering of securities in Sweden is limited to persons who are “qualified investors” (as defined in the Financial Instruments Trading Act). Only such investors may receive this document and they may not distribute it or the information contained in it to any other person.

 

Switzerland

 

The Units may not be publicly offered in Switzerland and will not be listed on the SIX Swiss Exchange (“SIX”) or on any other stock exchange or regulated trading facility in Switzerland. This document has been prepared without regard to the disclosure standards for issuance prospectuses under art. 652a or art. 1156 of the Swiss Code of Obligations or the disclosure standards for listing prospectuses under art. 27 ff. of the SIX Listing Rules or the listing rules of any other stock exchange or regulated trading facility in Switzerland. Neither this document nor any other offering material relating to the Units may be publicly distributed or otherwise made publicly available in Switzerland.

 

56
 

 

Neither this document nor any other offering material relating to the Units have been or will be filed with or approved by any Swiss regulatory authority. In particular, this document will not be filed with, and the offer of the Units will not be supervised by, the Swiss Financial Market Supervisory Authority (FINMA).

 

This document is personal to the recipient only and not for general circulation in Switzerland.

 

United Arab Emirates

 

Neither this document nor the Units have been approved, disapproved or passed on in any way by the Central Bank of the United Arab Emirates or any other governmental authority in the United Arab Emirates, nor has the Company received authorization or licensing from the Central Bank of the United Arab Emirates or any other governmental authority in the United Arab Emirates to market or sell the Units within the United Arab Emirates. This document does not constitute and may not be used for the purpose of an offer or invitation. The Company may not render services relating to the Units within the United Arab Emirates, including the receipt of applications and/or the allotment or redemption of such Units.

 

No offer or invitation to subscribe for the Units is valid or permitted in the Dubai International Financial Centre.

 

United Kingdom

 

Neither the information in this document nor any other document relating to the offer has been delivered for approval to the Financial Services Authority in the United Kingdom and no prospectus (within the meaning of section 85 of the Financial Services and Markets Act 2000, as amended (“FSMA”)) has been published or is intended to be published in respect of the Units. This document is issued on a confidential basis to “qualified investors” (within the meaning of section 86(7) of FSMA) in the United Kingdom, and the Units may not be offered or sold in the United Kingdom by means of this document, any accompanying letter or any other document, except in circumstances which do not require the publication of a prospectus pursuant to section 86(1) FSMA. This document should not be distributed, published or reproduced, in whole or in part, nor may its contents be disclosed by recipients to any other person in the United Kingdom.

 

Any invitation or inducement to engage in investment activity (within the meaning of section 21 of FSMA) received in connection with the issue or sale of the Units has only been communicated or caused to be communicated and will only be communicated or caused to be communicated in the United Kingdom in circumstances in which section 21(1) of FSMA does not apply to the Company.

 

In the United Kingdom, this document is being distributed only to, and is directed at, persons (i) who have professional experience in matters relating to investments falling within Article 19(5) (investment professionals) of the Financial Services and Markets Act 2000 (Financial Promotions) Order 2005 (“FPO”), (ii) who fall within the categories of persons referred to in Article 49(2)(a) to (d) (high net worth companies, unincorporated associations, etc.) of the FPO or (iii) to whom it may otherwise be lawfully communicated (together “relevant persons”). The investments to which this document relates are available only to, and any invitation, offer or agreement to purchase will be engaged in only with, relevant persons. Any person who is not a relevant person should not act or rely on this document or any of its contents.

 

Canada

 

The Units may be sold in Canada only to purchasers purchasing, or deemed to be purchasing, as principal that are accredited investors, as defined in National Instrument 45-106 Prospectus Exemptions or subsection 73.3(1) of the Securities Act (Ontario), and are permitted clients, as defined in National Instrument 31-103 Registration Requirements, Exemptions and Ongoing Registrant Obligations. Any resale of the Units must be made in accordance with an exemption from, or in a transaction not subject to, the prospectus requirements of applicable securities laws. Securities legislation in certain provinces or territories of Canada may provide a purchaser with remedies for rescission or damages if this prospectus (including any amendment thereto) contains a misrepresentation, provided that the remedies for rescission or damages are exercised by the purchaser within the time limit prescribed by the securities legislation of the purchaser’s province or territory. The purchaser should refer to any applicable provisions of the securities legislation of the purchaser’s province or territory for particulars of these rights or consult with a legal advisor. Pursuant to section 3A.3 of National Instrument 33-105 Underwriting Conflicts (NI 33-105), the underwriters are not required to comply with the disclosure requirements of NI33-105 regarding an underwriter’s conflicts of interest in connection with this offering.

 

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MATERIAL U.S. FEDERAL INCOME TAX CONSIDERATIONS

 

The following is a general discussion of material U.S. federal income considerations relating to the purchase, ownership and disposition of our Common Stock, Pre-Funded Warrants or Warrants. This discussion is based on current provisions of the Internal Revenue Code on payment, existing and proposed U.S. Treasury Regulations promulgated or proposed thereunder and current administrative and judicial interpretations thereof, all as in effect as of the date of this prospectus and all of which are subject to change or to differing interpretation, possibly with retroactive effect. We have not sought and will not seek any rulings from the Internal Revenue Service (the “IRS”) regarding the matters discussed below. There can be no assurance that the IRS or a court will not take a contrary position.

 

This discussion is limited to U.S. holders and non-U.S. holders who hold our Common Stock, Pre-Funded Warrants or Warrants as capital assets within the meaning of Section 1221 of the Internal Revenue Code (generally, as property held for investment). This discussion does not address all aspects of U.S. federal income taxation, such as the U.S. alternative minimum income tax and the additional tax on net investment income, nor does it address any aspect of state, local or non-U.S. taxes, or U.S. federal taxes other than income taxes, such as federal estate taxes. This discussion does not consider any specific facts or circumstances that may apply to a holder and does not address the special tax considerations that may be applicable to particular holders, such as:

 

  insurance companies;
     
  tax-exempt organizations;
     
  financial institutions;
     
  brokers or dealers in securities;
     
  regulated investment companies;
     
  pension plans;
     
  controlled foreign corporations;
     
  passive foreign investment companies;
     
  corporations that accumulate earnings to avoid U.S. federal income tax;
     
  certain U.S. expatriates;
     
  U.S. persons that have a “functional currency” other than the U.S. dollar;
     
  persons that acquire our Common Stock as compensation for services;
     
  owners that hold our Common Stock, Pre-Funded Warrants or Warrants as part of a straddle, hedge, conversion transaction, synthetic security or other integrated investment;
     
  entities that are treated as disregarded entities for U.S. federal income tax purposes (regardless of their places of organization or formation) and their investors; and
     
  partnerships or other entities treated as partnerships for U.S. federal income tax purposes and their investors.

 

If any entity taxable as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes holds our Common Stock, Pre-Funded Warrants or Warrants, the U.S. federal income tax treatment of a partner in the partnership generally will depend on the status of the partner, the activities of the partnership and certain determinations made at the partner level. An investor in a partnership or entity treated as disregarded for U.S. federal income tax purposes should consult his, her or its own tax advisor regarding the applicable tax consequences relating to the purchase, ownership and disposition of our Common Stock, Pre-Funded Warrants or Warrants.

 

For purposes of this discussion, the term “U.S. holder” means a beneficial owner of our Common Stock, Pre-Funded Warrants or Warrants that is, for U.S. federal income tax purposes:

 

  an individual who is a citizen or resident of the United States;
     
  a corporation created or organized in or under the laws of the United States or of any political subdivision of the United States;
     
  an estate the income of which is subject to U.S. federal income taxation regardless of its source; or
     
  a trust, if (i) a U.S. court is able to exercise primary supervision over the administration of the trust and one or more U.S. persons have authority to control all substantial decisions of the trust or (ii) the trust has a valid election to be treated as a U.S. person under applicable U.S. Treasury Regulations.

 

A “non-U.S. holder” is a beneficial owner of our Common Stock, Pre-Funded Warrants or Warrants that is, for U.S. federal income tax purposes, an individual, corporation, estate or trust that is not a U.S. holder.

 

Prospective investors should consult their own tax advisors regarding the U.S. federal, state, local and non-U.S. income and other tax considerations of purchasing, holding and disposing of our Common Stock, Pre-Funded Warrants or Warrants.

 

Treatment of Pre-Funded Warrants

 

Although it is not entirely free from doubt, a Pre-Funded Warrant should be treated as a share of our Common Stock for U.S. federal income tax purposes and a holder of Pre-Funded Warrants should generally be taxed in the same manner as a holder of Common Stock, as described below. Accordingly, no gain or loss should be recognized upon the exercise of a Pre-Funded Warrant and, upon exercise, the holding period of a Pre-Funded Warrant should carry over to the share of Common Stock received. Similarly, the tax basis of the Pre-Funded Warrant should carry over to the share of Common Stock received upon exercise, increased by the exercise price of $0.001. Each holder should consult his, her or its own tax advisor regarding the risks associated with the acquisition of Pre-Funded Warrants pursuant to this offering (including potential alternative characterizations). The balance of this discussion generally assumes that the characterization described above is respected for U.S. federal income tax purposes.

 

Tax Consequences to U.S. Holders

 

Distributions on Common Stock

 

As discussed above under “Market For Common Equity and Related Stockholder Matters — Dividend Policy,” we do not currently expect to make distributions on our Common Stock. In the event that we do make distributions of cash or other property, distributions paid on Common Stock, other than certain pro rata distributions of Common Stock, will be treated as a dividend to the extent paid out of our current or accumulated earnings and profits and will be includible in income by the U.S. Holder and taxable as ordinary income when received. If a distribution exceeds our current and accumulated earnings and profits, the excess will be first treated as a tax-free return of the U.S. Holder’s investment, up to the U.S. Holder’s tax basis in the Common Stock. Any remaining excess will be treated as a capital gain. Subject to applicable limitations, dividends paid to certain non-corporate U.S. Holders may be eligible for taxation as “qualified dividend income” and therefore may be taxable at rates applicable to long-term capital gains. U.S. Holders should consult their tax advisers regarding the availability of the reduced tax rate on dividends in their particular circumstances. Dividends received by a corporate U.S. Holder will be eligible for the dividends-received deduction if the U.S. Holder meets certain holding period and other applicable requirements.

 

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Constructive Dividends on Warrants

 

Under Section 305 of the Code, an adjustment to the number of shares of Common Stock that will be issued on the exercise of the Warrants, or an adjustment to the exercise price of the Warrants, may be treated as a constructive distribution to a U.S. Holder of the Warrants if, and to the extent that, such adjustment has the effect of increasing such U.S. Holder’s proportionate interest in our “earnings and profits” or assets, depending on the circumstances of such adjustment (for example, if such adjustment is to compensate for a distribution of cash or other property to our stockholders). Adjustments to the exercise price of a Warrant made pursuant to a bona fide reasonable adjustment formula that has the effect of preventing dilution of the interest of the holders of the Warrants should generally not result in a constructive distribution. Any constructive distributions would generally be subject to the tax treatment described above under “Distributions on Common Stock”.

 

Sale or Other Disposition of Common Stock

 

For U.S. federal income tax purposes, gain or loss realized on the sale or other disposition of common stock will be capital gain or loss, and will be long-term capital gain or loss if the U.S. Holder held the common stock for more than one year. The amount of the gain or loss will equal the difference between the U.S. Holder’s tax basis in the common stock disposed of and the amount realized on the disposition. Long-term capital gains recognized by non-corporate U.S. Holders will be subject to reduced tax rates. The deductibility of capital losses is subject to limitations.

 

Sale or Other Disposition, Exercise or Expiration of Warrants

 

For U.S. federal income tax purposes, gain or loss realized on the sale or other disposition of a Warrant (other than by exercise) will be capital gain or loss and will be long-term capital gain or loss if the U.S. Holder held the Warrant for more than one year at the time of the sale or other disposition. The amount of the gain or loss will equal the difference between the U.S. Holder’s tax basis in the Warrant disposed of and the amount realized on the disposition.

 

In general, a U.S. Holder will not be required to recognize income, gain or loss upon the exercise of a Warrant by payment of the exercise price, except to the extent of cash paid in lieu of a fractional share. A U.S. Holder’s tax basis in a share of Common Stock received upon exercise will be equal to the sum of (1) the U.S. Holder’s tax basis in the Warrant and (2) the exercise price of the Warrant. A U.S. Holder’s holding period in the Common Stock received upon exercise will commence on the day or the day after such U.S. Holder exercises the Warrant. No discussion is provided herein regarding the U.S. federal income tax treatment on the exercise of a Warrant on a cashless basis, and U.S. Holders are urged to consult their tax advisors as to the exercise of a Warrant on a cashless basis.

 

If a Warrant expires without being exercised, a U.S. Holder will recognize a capital loss in an amount equal to such U.S. Holder’s tax basis in the Warrant. This loss will be long-term capital loss if, at the time of the expiration, the U.S. Holder’s holding period in the Warrant is more than one year. The deductibility of capital losses is subject to limitations.

 

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Tax Consequences to Non-U.S. Holders

 

Distributions

 

As discussed in the section entitled “Market For Common Equity and Related Stockholder Matters — Dividend Policy,” we do not anticipate paying any dividends on our Common Stock in the foreseeable future. If we make distributions on our Common Stock or on our Warrants (as described above under “Constructive Dividends on Warrants”), those payments will constitute dividends for U.S. federal income tax purposes to the extent we have current or accumulated earnings and profits, as determined under U.S. federal income tax principles. To the extent those distributions exceed both our current and our accumulated earnings and profits, they will constitute a return of capital and will first reduce a Non-U.S. Holder’s basis in our Common Stock or Warrants, as applicable, but not below zero. Any excess will be treated as capital gain and will be treated as described below under the “—Gain on Sale or Other Disposition of Common Stock or Warrants” section. Any such distributions would be subject to the discussions below regarding back-up withholding and Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act, or FATCA.

 

Subject to the discussion below on effectively connected income, any dividend paid to a Non-U.S. Holder generally will be subject to U.S. withholding tax either at a rate of 30% of the gross amount of the dividend or such lower rate as may be specified by an applicable income tax treaty. To receive a reduced treaty rate, a Non-U.S. Holder must provide us or our agent with an IRS Form W-8BEN, IRS Form W-8 BEN-E or another appropriate version of IRS Form W-8 (or a successor form), which must be updated periodically, and which, in each case, must certify qualification for the reduced rate. Non-U.S. Holders should consult their tax advisors regarding their entitlement to benefits under any applicable income tax treaty.

 

Dividends paid to a Non-U.S. Holder that are effectively connected with the Non-U.S. Holder’s conduct of a trade or business within the United States and that are not eligible for relief from U.S. (net basis) income tax under an applicable income tax treaty, generally are exempt from the (gross basis) withholding tax described above. To obtain this exemption from withholding tax, the Non-U.S. Holder must provide the applicable withholding agent with an IRS Form W-8ECI or successor form or other applicable IRS Form W-8 certifying that the dividends are effectively connected with the Non-U.S. Holder’s conduct of a trade or business within the United States. Such effectively connected dividends, if not eligible for relief under a tax treaty, would not be subject to a withholding tax, but would be taxed at the same graduated rates applicable to U.S. persons, net of certain deductions and credits and if, in addition, the Non-U.S. Holder is a corporation, may also be subject to a branch profits tax at a rate of 30% (or such lower rate as may be specified by an applicable income tax treaty).

 

If you are eligible for a reduced rate of withholding tax pursuant to a tax treaty, you may be able to obtain a refund of any excess amounts withheld if you timely file an appropriate claim for refund with the IRS.

 

Exercise or Expiration of Warrants

 

In general, a Non-U.S. Holder will not be required to recognize income, gain or loss upon the exercise of a Warrant by payment of the exercise price, except to the extent of cash paid in lieu of a fractional share. However, no discussion is provided herein regarding the U.S. federal income tax treatment on the exercise of a Warrant on a cashless basis, and Non-U.S. Holders are urged to consult their tax advisors as to the exercise of a Warrant on a cashless basis.

 

If a Warrant expires without being exercised, a Non-U.S. Holder that is engaged in a U.S. trade or business to which any income from the Warrant would be effectively connected or who is present in the United States for a period or periods aggregating 183 days or more during the calendar year in which the expiration occurs (and certain other conditions are met) will recognize a capital loss in an amount equal to such Non-U.S. Holder’s tax basis in the Warrant.

 

Gain on Sale or Other Disposition of Common Stock or Warrants

 

Subject to the discussion below regarding backup withholding and FATCA, a Non-U.S. Holder generally will not be required to pay U.S. federal income tax on any gain realized upon the sale or other disposition of our Common Stock or common warrants unless:

 

  the gain is effectively connected with the Non-U.S. Holder’s conduct of a trade or business within the United States and not eligible for relief under an applicable income tax treaty, in which case the Non-U.S. Holder will be required to pay tax on the net gain derived from the sale under regular graduated U.S. federal income tax rates, and for a Non-U.S. Holder that is a corporation, such Non-U.S. Holder may be subject to the branch profits tax at a 30% rate (or such lower rate as may be specified by an applicable income tax treaty) on such effectively connected gain, as adjusted for certain items;

 

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  the Non-U.S. Holder is an individual who is present in the United States for a period or periods aggregating 183 days or more during the calendar year in which the sale or disposition occurs and certain other conditions are met, in which case the Non-U.S. Holder will be required to pay a flat 30% tax on the gain derived from the sale, which tax may be offset by U.S. source capital losses (even though the Non-U.S. Holder is not considered a resident of the United States) (subject to applicable income tax or other treaties); or
     
  we are a “U.S. real property holding corporation” for U.S. federal income tax purposes, or a USRPHC, at any time within the shorter of the five-year period preceding the disposition or the Non-U.S. Holder’s holding period for our Common Stock or Warrants. We believe we are not currently and do not anticipate becoming a USRPHC. However, because the determination of whether we are a USRPHC depends on the fair market value of our United States real property interests relative to the fair market value of our other business assets, there can be no assurance that we will not become a USRPHC in the future. Even if we become a USRPHC, however, gain arising from the sale or other taxable disposition by a Non-U.S. Holder of our Common Stock will not be subject to United States federal income tax if (A) in the case of our Common Stock, (a) shares of our Common Stock are “regularly traded,” as defined by applicable Treasury Regulations, on an established securities market, such as Nasdaq, and (b) the Non-U.S. Holder owns or owned, actually and constructively, 5% or less of the shares of our Common Stock throughout the five-year period ending on the date of the sale or exchange; and (B) in the case of our Warrants, either (a)(i) shares of our Common Stock are “regularly traded,” as defined by applicable Treasury Regulations, on an established securities market, such as Nasdaq, (ii) our Warrants are not considered regularly traded on an established securities market and (iii) the Non-U.S. Holder does not own, actually or constructively, Warrants with a fair market value greater than the fair market value of 5% of the shares of our Common Stock, determined as of the date that such Non-U.S. Holder acquired its Warrants, or (b)(i) our Warrants are considered regularly traded on an established securities market, and (ii) the Non-U.S. Holder owns or owned, actually and constructively, 5% or less of our Warrants throughout the five-year period ending on the date of the sale or exchange. Our Warrants are not expected to be regularly traded on an established securities market. If the foregoing exception does not apply, such Non-U.S. Holder’s proceeds received on the disposition of shares will generally be subject to withholding at a rate of 15% and such Non-U.S. Holder will generally be taxed on any gain in the same manner as gain that is effectively connected with the conduct of a U.S. trade or business, except that the branch profits tax generally will not apply.

 

Information Reporting and Backup Withholding

 

Information returns may be filed with the IRS in connection with distributions on our Common Stock or constructive dividends on Warrants, and the proceeds of a sale or other disposition of Common Stock or Warrants. A non-exempt U.S. Holder may be subject to U.S. backup withholding on these payments if it fails to provide its taxpayer identification number to the withholding agent and comply with certification procedures or otherwise establish an exemption from backup withholding.

 

A Non-U.S. Holder may be subject to U.S. information reporting and backup withholding on these payments unless the Non-U.S. Holder complies with certification procedures to establish that it is not a U.S. person (within the meaning of the Code). The certification requirements generally will be satisfied if the Non-U.S. Holder provides the applicable withholding agent with a statement on the applicable IRS Form W-8BEN or IRS Form W-8BEN-E (or suitable substitute or successor form), together with all appropriate attachments, signed under penalties of perjury, stating, among other things, that such Non-U.S. Holder is not a U.S. Person. Applicable Treasury Regulations provide alternative methods for satisfying this requirement. In addition, the amount of distributions on Common Stock or constructive dividends on Warrants paid to a Non-U.S. Holder, and the amount of any U.S. federal tax withheld therefrom, must be reported annually to the IRS and the Non-U.S. Holder. This information may be made available by the IRS under the provisions of an applicable tax treaty or agreement to the tax authorities of the country in which the Non-U.S. Holder resides.

 

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Payment of the proceeds of the sale or other disposition of Common Stock or Warrants to or through a non-U.S. office of a U.S. broker or of a non-U.S. broker with certain specified U.S. connections generally will be subject to information reporting requirements, but not backup withholding, unless the Non-U.S. Holder certifies under penalties of perjury that it is not a U.S. person or an exemption otherwise applies. Payments of the proceeds of a sale or other disposition of Common Stock or Warrants to or through a U.S. office of a broker generally will be subject to information reporting and backup withholding, unless the Non-U.S. Holder certifies under penalties of perjury that it is not a U.S. person or otherwise establishes an exemption.

 

Backup withholding is not an additional tax. The amount of any backup withholding from a payment generally will be allowed as a credit against the holder’s U.S. federal income tax liability and may entitle the holder to a refund, provided that the required information is timely furnished to the IRS.

 

Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act

 

FATCA imposes withholding tax on certain types of payments made to foreign financial institutions and certain other non-U.S. entities. The legislation imposes a 30% withholding tax on dividends on, or, subject to the discussion of certain proposed Treasury Regulations below, gross proceeds from the sale or other disposition of, our Common Stock or Warrants paid to a “foreign financial institution” or to certain “non-financial foreign entities” (each as defined in the Code), unless (i) the foreign financial institution undertakes certain diligence and reporting obligations, (ii) the non-financial foreign entity either certifies it does not have any “substantial United States owners” (as defined in the Code) or furnishes identifying information regarding each substantial United States owner, or (iii) the foreign financial institution or non-financial foreign entity otherwise qualifies for an exemption from these rules. If the payee is a foreign financial institution and is subject to the diligence and reporting requirements in (i) above, it must enter into an agreement with the U.S. Treasury requiring, among other things, that it undertake to identify accounts held by “specified United States persons” or “United States-owned foreign entities” (each as defined in the Code), annually report certain information about such accounts, and withhold 30% on payments to account holders whose actions prevent it from complying with these reporting and other requirements. If the country in which a payee is resident has entered into an “intergovernmental agreement” with the United States regarding FATCA, that agreement may permit the payee to report to that country rather than to the U.S. Department of the Treasury. The U.S. Treasury recently released proposed Treasury Regulations which, if finalized in their present form, would eliminate the federal withholding tax of 30% applicable to the gross proceeds of a sale or other disposition of our Common Stock. In its preamble to such proposed Treasury Regulations, the U.S. Treasury stated that taxpayers may generally rely on the proposed regulations until final regulations are issued. Prospective investors should consult their own tax advisors regarding the possible impact of these rules on their investment in our Common Stock or Warrants, and the possible impact of these rules on the entities through which they hold our Common Stock or Warrants, including, without limitation, the process and deadlines for meeting the applicable requirements to prevent the imposition of this 30% withholding tax under FATCA.

 

The preceding discussion of U.S. federal tax considerations is for general information only. It is not tax advice. Each prospective investor should consult its tax advisor regarding the particular U.S. federal, state and local and non-U.S. tax consequences of purchasing, holding and disposing of our Common Stock or Warrants, including the consequences of any proposed change in applicable laws.

 

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LEGAL MATTERS

 

Sullivan & Worcester LLP, New York, New York, will render a legal opinion as to the validity of the securities to be registered hereby. Pryor Cashman LLP, New York, New York, is acting as counsel for the underwriters in connection with certain legal matters in connection with this offering.

 

EXPERTS

 

The consolidated financial statements of Digital Ally, Inc. as of December 31, 2018 and 2017 and for each of the years in the two-year period ended December 31, 2018 incorporated in this prospectus by reference from the Digital Ally, Inc. Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018 have been audited by RSM US LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, as stated in their report thereon, incorporated herein by reference, and have been incorporated in this prospectus and registration statement in reliance upon such report and upon the authority of such firm as experts in accounting and auditing.

 

WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION

 

We file annual, quarterly and current reports, proxy statements and other information with the SEC. We have also filed with the SEC under the Securities Act a registration statement on Form S-1 with respect to the securities offered by this prospectus. This prospectus, which constitutes part of the registration statement, does not contain all the information set forth in the registration statement or the exhibits and schedules which are part of the registration statement, portions of which are omitted as permitted by the rules and regulations of the SEC. Statements made in this prospectus regarding the contents of any contract or other document are summaries of the material terms of the contract or document. With respect to each contract or document filed as an exhibit to the registration statement, reference is made to the corresponding exhibit. For further information pertaining to us and the securities offered by this prospectus, reference is made to the registration statement, including the exhibits and schedules thereto, copies of which may be inspected without charge at the Public Reference Room of the SEC at 100 F Street, N.E., Washington, D.C. 20549 on official business days during the hours of 10 a.m. to 3 p.m. Copies of all or any portion of the registration statement may be obtained from the SEC at prescribed rates. Information on the Public Reference Room may be obtained by calling the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330. In addition, the SEC maintains an Internet site that contains reports, proxy and information statements and other information regarding issuers that file electronically with the SEC. The web site can be accessed at www.sec.gov. The internet address of Digital Ally is www.digitalallyinc.com. Information contained on our website is not a part of, and is not incorporated into, this prospectus, and the inclusion of our website address in this prospectus is an inactive textual reference only.

 

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INCORPORATION OF CERTAIN INFORMATION BY REFERENCE

 

We incorporate by reference the filed documents listed below (excluding those portions of any Current Report on Form 8-K that are not deemed “filed” pursuant to the General Instructions of Form 8-K), except as superseded, supplemented or modified by this prospectus or any subsequently filed document incorporated by reference herein as described below:

 

  our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018, filed with the SEC on March 29, 2019;
     
  our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2019, filed with the SEC on May 15, 2019;
     
  our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2019, filed with the SEC on August 14, 2019;
     
  our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2019, filed with the SEC on November 14, 2019;
     
  Our Definitive Proxy Statement on Schedule 14A for our annual meeting of stockholders held on May 21, 2019, filed with the SEC on April 1, 2019, as supplemented by Definitive Additional Materials, filed with the SEC on April 4, 2019; and
     
  our Current Reports on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on January 4, 2019, March 29, 2019, May 15, 2019, May 24, 2019, June 21, 2019, July 16, 2019, August 5, 2019, August 14, 2019, November 14, 2019, January 9, 2020 and January 14, 2020.

 

We also incorporate by reference into this prospectus additional documents that we may file with the SEC under Sections 13(a), 13(c), 14 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act after the date hereof but before the completion or termination of this offering (excluding any information not deemed “filed” with the SEC). Any statement contained in a previously filed document is deemed to be modified or superseded for purposes of this prospectus to the extent that a statement contained in this prospectus or in a subsequently filed document incorporated by reference herein modifies or supersedes the statement, and any statement contained in this prospectus is deemed to be modified or superseded for purposes of this prospectus to the extent that a statement contained in a subsequently filed document incorporated by reference herein modifies or supersedes the statement.

 

We will provide, without charge, to each person to whom a copy of this prospectus is delivered, including any beneficial owner, upon the written or oral request of such person, a copy of any or all of the documents incorporated by reference herein, including exhibits. Requests should be directed to:

 

Digital Ally, Inc.

9705 Loiret Blvd.

Lenexa, KS 66219

(913) 814-7774

corporate@digitalallyinc.com

 

Copies of these filings are also available on our website at www.digitalallyinc.com. For other ways to obtain a copy of these filings, please refer to “Where You Can Find More Information” above.

 

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Digital Ally, Inc.

 

Up to $8,000,000 of Class A Units consisting of shares of Common Stock and Common Stock Purchase Warrants; and

Class B Units consisting of Pre-funded Warrants (and shares of Common Stock underlying the Pre-funded Warrants) and Common Stock Purchase Warrants

 

, 2020

 

 
 

 

PART II — INFORMATION NOT REQUIRED IN THE PROSPECTUS

 

Item 13. Other Expenses of Issuance and Distribution.

 

SEC Registration Fee   $ 3,906.98
FINRA Filing Fee    

3,036.00

Accounting Fees and Expenses   20,000.00
Legal Fees and Expenses  

85,000.00

Transfer Agent and Registrar Fees    

1,000.00

Printing Expenses     1,000.00
Miscellaneous  

6,057.02

Total   $

120,000.00

 

The table above sets forth the estimated costs and expenses to be incurred in connection with the issuance and distribution of the securities registered under this Registration Statement. All amounts are estimates other than the SEC’s registration fee.

 

Item 14. Indemnification of Directors and Officers.

 

Under Nevada law, a corporation may include in its articles of incorporation a provision that eliminates or limits the personal liability of a director to the corporation or its stockholders for monetary damages for breach of fiduciary duties as a director, but no such provision may eliminate or limit the liability of a director (a) for any breach of his or her fiduciary duty as a director, (b) for acts or omissions not in good faith or that involve intentional misconduct, fraud or a knowing violation of law, (c) for conduct violating the Nevada Revised Statutes (“NRS”), or (d) for any transaction from which the director will personally receive a benefit in money, property or services to which the director is not legally entitled.

 

Section 78.7502 of the NRS provides, in general, that a corporation may indemnify any person who was or is a party or is threatened to be made a party to any threatened, pending or completed action, suit or proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative, except an action by or in the right of the corporation, by reason of the fact that the person is or was a director, officer, employee or agent of the corporation, or is or was serving at the request of the corporation as a director, officer, employee or agent of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise, against expenses, including attorneys’ fees, judgments, fines and amounts paid in settlement actually and reasonably incurred by the person in connection with the action, suit or proceeding if the person acted in good faith and in a manner which he or she reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the corporation, and, with respect to any criminal action or proceeding, had no reasonable cause to believe the conduct was unlawful.

 

NRS Section 78.4502 also provides, in general, that a corporation may indemnify any person who was or is a party or is threatened to be made a party to any threatened, pending or completed action or suit by or in the right of the corporation to procure a judgment in its favor by reason of the fact that the person is or was a director, officer, employee or agent of the corporation, or is or was serving at the request of the corporation as a director, officer, employee or agent of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise against expenses, including amounts paid in settlement and attorneys’ fees actually and reasonably incurred by the person in connection with the defense or settlement of the action or suit if the person acted in good faith and in a manner which he or she reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the corporation; provided, however, that indemnification may not be made for any claim, issue or matter as to which such a person has been adjudged by a court of competent jurisdiction, after exhaustion of all appeals therefrom, to be liable to the corporation or for amounts paid in settlement to the corporation, unless and only to the extent that the court in which the action or suit was brought or other court of competent jurisdiction determines upon application that in view of all the circumstances of the case, the person is fairly and reasonably entitled to indemnity for such expenses as the court deems proper.

 

Any indemnification pursuant to the above provisions may be made by the corporation only as authorized in the specific case upon a determination that indemnification of the director, officer, employee or agent is proper in the circumstances. The determination must be made: (a) by the stockholders; (b) by the Board of Directors by majority vote of a quorum consisting of directors who were not parties to the action, suit or proceeding; (c) if a majority vote of a quorum consisting of directors who were not parties to the action, suit or proceeding so orders, by independent legal counsel in a written opinion; or (d) if a quorum consisting of directors who were not parties to the action, suit or proceeding cannot be obtained, by independent legal counsel in a written opinion.

 

II-1
 

 

Our Articles of Incorporation and Bylaws provide, among other things, that a director or officer of the corporation may be indemnified against expenses, liability, and loss (including attorneys’ fees inclusive of any appeal), judgments, fines and amounts paid in settlement reasonably incurred by such person in connection with any claim, action, suit or proceeding, whether civil, criminal, or investigative, to the fullest extent permitted under the NGCL, unless it is ultimately determined by a court of competent jurisdiction that he is not entitled to be indemnified by the corporation. Directors and officers of the corporation cannot be personally liable for damages for breach of fiduciary duty, except (a) for acts of omissions involving intentional misconduct, fraud, or knowing violation of law, or (b) the payment of dividends in violation of Section 78.300 of the NRS.

 

Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act may be provided for directors, officers, employees, agents or persons controlling an issuer pursuant to the foregoing provisions, the opinion of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) is that such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act, and is therefore unenforceable. In the event that a claim for indemnification by such director, officer or controlling person of us in the successful defense of any action, suit or proceeding is asserted by such director, officer or controlling person in connection with the securities being offered, we will, unless in the opinion of our counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the question whether such indemnification by us is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and will be governed by the final adjudication of such issue.

 

At the present time, there is no pending litigation or proceeding involving a director, officer, employee or other agent of ours in which indemnification would be required or permitted. We are not aware of any threatened litigation or proceeding, which may result in a claim for such indemnification.

 

Item 15. Recent Sales of Unregistered Securities.

 

During the last three completed fiscal years and to date in the current fiscal year, we sold the following unregistered securities:

 

  Sale of Unregistered Securities   Number of shares   Date
           
Detachable warrants issued in connection with 8% notes payable with an exercise price of $3.65 per share   200,000 (upon exercise)   June 30, 2017
           
Warrants issued in connection with an extension of the maturity date on 8% notes payable with an exercise price of $2.75 per share   100,000 (upon exercise)   September 30, 2017
           
Warrants issued in connection with an extension of the maturity date on 8% notes payable with an exercise price of $2.60 per share   100,000 (upon exercise)   November 15, 2017
           
Detachable warrants issued in connection with 8% notes payable with an exercise price of $3.25 per share   120,000 (upon exercise)   December 29, 2017
           
12% secured convertible debentures issued with a conversion price of $3.25 per share   76,923 (upon conversion)   March 7, 2018
           
Warrants issued in connection with an extension of the maturity date on 8% notes payable with an exercise price of $3.50 per share   36,000 (upon exercise)   March 7, 2018
           
Warrants issued in connection with an extension of the maturity date on 8% notes payable with an exercise price of $3.25 per share   60,000 (upon exercise)   March 16, 2018
           
8% Senior convertible debentures issued with a conversion price of $2.50 per share (Roth Capital Partners, LLC served as placement agent)   2,775,000 (upon conversion)   April 3, 2018
           
Warrants issued in connection with 8% notes payable with an exercise price of $3.00 per share (Roth Capital Partners, LLC served as placement agent)   916,667 (upon exercise)   April 3, 2018
           
8% Senior convertible debentures issued with a conversion price of $2.50 per share (Roth Capital Partners, LLC served as placement agent)   330,000 (upon exercise)   May 11, 2018
           
Warrants issued in connection with 8% notes payable with an exercise price of $3.00 per share (Roth Capital Partners, LLC served as placement agent)   110,000 (upon exercise)   May 11, 2018
           
8% senior convertible debentures issued with a conversion price of $1.40 per share   1,160,327 (upon conversion)   August 5, 2019
           
Detachable warrants issued in connection with 8% notes with an exercise price of $1.8125 per share   571,428 (upon exchange)   August 5, 2019
           
Detachable warrants issued in connection with 8% notes payable with an exercise price of $1.40 per share   107,000 (upon exercise)   December 23, 2019
           
Detachable warrants issued in connection with 8% notes payable with an exercise price of $1.40 per share   35,750 (upon exercise)   January 17, 2020

 

Except as stated above, no underwriters were involved in the foregoing sales of securities. The issuances of the securities described above were deemed to be exempt from registration under the Securities Act in reliance on Section 4(a)(2) of the Securities Act or Regulation D promulgated under the Securities Act. The recipients of securities in such transactions represented their intention to acquire the securities for investment only and not with a view to or for sale in connection with any distribution thereof and appropriate legends were affixed to the stock certificates and option agreements issued in such transactions. All recipients had adequate access, through their relationships with us, to information about us.

 

II-2
 

 

Item 16. Exhibits.

 

  (a) The following exhibits are filed as part of this registration statement.

 

Exhibit Number   Description of Exhibit    
1.1   Form of Underwriting Agreement by and between Digital Ally, Inc. and Roth Capital Partners, LLC.   *
2.1   Plan of Merger among Vegas Petra, Inc. and Digital Ally, Inc. and its stockholders, dated November 30, 2004.   (1)
3.1(i)   Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation of Digital Ally, Inc. (see the Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation included in the Plan of Merger, filed as Exhibit 2.1 hereto).   (1)
3.1(ii)   Certificate of Change of Digital Ally, Inc., dated August 24, 2012.   (5)
3.1(iii)   Certificate of Amendment of Digital Ally, Inc., dated July 27, 2018.   *
3.2(i)   Amended and Restated Bylaws of Digital Ally, Inc.   (1)
3.2(ii)   Amendment to Amended and Restated Bylaws of Digital Ally, Inc.   (32)
3.3   Audit Committee Charter, dated September 22, 2005.   (1)
3.4   Compensation Committee Charter, dated September 22, 2005   (1)
3.5   Nominating Committee Charter dated December 27, 2007.   (2)
3.6   Corporate Governance Guidelines.   (3)
3.7   Nominating and Governance Charter, Amended and Restated as of February 25, 2010.   (4)
3.8   Strategic Planning Committee Charter, dated June 28, 2009.   (4)
4.1   Form of Common Stock Certificate.   (6)
4.2   Form of Common Stock Purchase Warrant.   (6)
4.3   Form of Series A Common Stock Purchase Warrant.   (7)
4.4   Form of Series B Common Stock Purchase Warrant.   (7)
4.5   Form of Series C Common Stock Purchase Warrant.   (7)
4.6   Form of Common Stock Purchase Warrant.   **
4.7   Form of Pre-Funded Warrant.   **
5.1   Opinion of Sullivan & Worcester LLP.   ***
10.1   2005 Stock Option and Restricted Stock Plan.   (6)
10.2   2006 Stock Option and Restricted Stock Plan.   (6)
10.3   Form of Stock Option Agreement (ISO and Non-Qualified) 2005 Stock Option Plan.   (6)
10.4   Form of Stock Option Agreement (ISO and Non-Qualified) 2006 Stock Option Plan.   (6)
10.5   Promissory Note Extension between Registrant and Acme Resources, LLC, dated May 4, 2006, in the principal amount of $500,000.   (6)
10.6   Promissory Note between Registrant and Acme Resources, LLC, dated September 1, 2004, in the principal amount of $500,000.   (8)
10.7   Promissory Note Extension between Registrant and Acme Resources, LLC, dated October 31, 2006.   (8)
10.8   Software License Agreement with Ingenient Technologies, Inc., dated March 15, 2004.   (8)
10.9   Software License Agreement with Ingenient Technologies, Inc., dated April 5, 2005.   (8)
10.10   Stock Option Agreement with Daniels & Kaplan, P.C., dated September 25, 2006.   (8)
10.11   Memorandum of Understanding with Tri Square Communications (Hong Kong) Co., Ltd. dated November 29, 2005.   (8)
10.12   2007 Stock Option and Restricted Stock Plan.   (9)
10.13   Form of Stock Option Agreement (ISO and Non-Qualified) 2007 Stock Option Plan.   (2)
10.14   Amendment to 2007 Stock Option and Restricted Stock Plan.   (2)
10.15   2008 Stock Option and Restricted Stock Plan.   (2)
10.16   Form of Stock Option Agreement (ISO and Non-Qualified) 2008 Stock Option Plan.   (2)
10.17   Promissory Note with Enterprise Bank dated February 13, 2009.   (2)
10.18   First Amendment to Promissory Note with Enterprise Bank dated February 13, 2009.   (10)
10.19   First Amendment to Promissory Note with Enterprise Bank dated June 30, 2009.   (10)
10.20   Modification and Renewal of Promissory Note with Enterprise Bank dated February 1, 2010.   (11)
10.21   Forms of Restricted Stock Agreement for 2005, 2006, 2007 and 2008 Stock Option and Restricted Stock Plans.   (11)

 

II-3
 

 

10.22   Loan Modification or Renewal Agreement of Promissory Note with Enterprise Bank dated March 2, 2011.   (12)
10.23   2011 Stock Option and Restricted Stock Plan.   (13)
10.24   Form of Stock Option Agreement for 2011 Stock Option and Restricted Stock Plan.   (13)
10.25   8% Subordinated Promissory Note in principal amount of $1,500,000.   (14)
10.26   Common Stock Purchase Warrant.   (14)
10.27   8% Subordinated Promissory Note in principal amount of $1,000,000.   (15)
10.28   Common Stock Purchase Warrant.   (15)
10.29   Allonge to 8% Subordinated Promissory Note in principal amount of $1,000,000.   (15)
10.30   Amendment to Common Stock Purchase Warrant.   (15)
10.31   Second Allonge to 8% Subordinated Note, dated July 24, 2012.   (16)
10.32   Allonge to 8% Subordinated Note ($1.0 million) dated July 24, 2012.   (16)
10.33   Second Amendment to Common Stock Purchase Warrants (300,000 shares) dated July 24, 2012.   (16)
10.34   Amendment to Common Stock Purchase Warrants (150,000 shares) dated July 24, 2012.   (16)
10.35   Third Allonge to 8% Subordinated Note, dated December 4, 2013.   (17)
10.36   Second Allonge to 8% Subordinated Note ($1.0 million) dated December 4, 2013.   (17)
10.37   Common Stock Purchase Warrant (40,000 shares), dated December 4, 2013.   (17)
10.38   Securities Purchase Agreement.   (18)
10.39   Registration Rights Agreement.   (18)
10.40   Form of Senior Secured Convertible Note.   (18)
10.41   Form of Warrant to Purchase Common Stock.   (18)
10.42   Pledge and Security Agreement.   (18)
10.43   Patent Assignment for Security.   (18)
10.44   Trademarks Assignment for Security.   (18)
10.45   Guaranty.   (18)
10.46   Deposit Account Control Agreement.   (18)
10.47   Form of Voting Agreement.   (18)
10.48   Form of Lock-Up Agreement.   (18)
10.49   Securities Purchase Agreement.   (19)
10.50   Registration Rights Agreement.   (19)
10.51   Form of Senior Secured Convertible Note.   (19)
10.52   Form of Warrant to Purchase Common Stock.   (19)
10.53   Amended and Restated Pledge and Security Agreement.   (19)
10.54   Patent Assignment for Security.   (19)
10.55   Trademarks Assignment for Security.   (19)
10.56   Amended and Restated Guaranty Agreement.   (19)
10.57   Deposit Account Control Agreement-incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.46 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on March 25, 2014.   (19)
10.58   Form of Voting Agreement.   (19)
10.59   Form of Lock-Up Agreement.   (19)
10.60   Reaffirmation Agreement.   (19)
10.61   Senior Secured Convertible Note.   (19)
10.62   Warrant to Purchase Common Stock.   (19)
10.63   Fourth Allonge to 8% Subordinated Note ($1.5 million) dated May 27, 2015.   (20)
10.64   Third Allonge to 8% Subordinated Note ($1.0 million) dated May 27, 2015.   (20)
10.65   Fifth Allonge to 8% Subordinated Note ($1.5 million) dated July 15, 2015.   (21)
10.66   Fourth Allonge to 8% Subordinated Note ($1.0 million) dated July 15, 2015.   (21)
10.67   Common Stock Purchase Warrant.   (21)
10.68   Securities Purchase Agreement.   (22)
10.69   Amended and Restated 2015 Stock Option and Restricted Stock Plan.   (23)
10.70   Series A Warrant Amendment Agreement.   (24)

 

II-4
 

 

10.71   Series B Warrant Amendment Agreement.   (24)
10.72   Series C Warrant Amendment Agreement.   (24)
10.73   Securities Purchase Agreement.   (25)
10.74   8% Senior Secured Convertible Debenture.   (25)
10.75   Common Stock Purchase Warrant.   (25)
10.76   Security Agreement.   (25)
10.77   Subsidiary Guarantee.   (25)
10.78   Form of Series A-1 Warrant.   (26)
10.79   Form of Series A-2 Warrant.   (26)
10.80   Form of Series A-3 Warrant.   (26)
10.81   Form of Securities Purchase Agreement, dated as of August 21, 2017, by and among Digital Ally, Inc. and the purchasers signatory thereto.   (26)
10.82   Form of Securities Purchase Agreement, by and among the Company and the purchaser signatories thereto.   (27)
10.83   Form of Secured Convertible Promissory Note.   (27)
10.84   Form of Common Stock Purchase Warrant.   (27)
10.85   Form of Security Agreement, by and among the Company and each of the secured parties thereto.   (27)
10.86   Form of Intellectual Property Security Agreement, between the Company and the secured lender thereto.   (27)
10.87   Form of Subsidiary Guarantee, by and among the Company, the purchasers under the Securities Purchase Agreement, and each of the Company’s subsidiaries.   (27)
10.88   Common Stock Purchase Warrant of Digital Ally, Inc.   (29)
10.89   Proceeds Investment Agreement, dated as July 31, 2018, by and between Digital Ally, Inc. and Brickell Key Investments LP.   (29)
10.90   Proceeds Investment Agreement, dated as July 31, 2018, by and between Digital Ally, Inc. and Brickell Key Investments LP.   (29)
10.91   Form of Lock-Up Agreement.   (30)
10.92   Form of Senior Secured Convertible Promissory Note due August 4, 2020.   (31)
10.93   Form of Common Stock Purchase Warrant.   (31)
10.94   Form of Securities Purchase Agreement, dated as of August 5, 2019, by and between the Company and the Investors.   (31)
10.95   Form of Security Agreement, dated August 5, 2019, by and among the Company, certain of the Company’s subsidiaries and the Secured Parties.   (31)
10.96   Form of IP Security Agreement, dated August 5, 2019, by the Company, in favor of the Agent and the Secured Parties.   (31)
10.97   Form of Subsidiary Guarantee, dated August 5, 2019, made by certain of the Company’s subsidiaries in favor of the Investors.   (31)
14.1   Code of Ethics and Code of Conduct.   (2)
21.1   Subsidiaries of Registrant.   (28)
23.1   Consent of RSM US LLP.   *
23.2   Consent of Sullivan & Worcester LLP (included in Exhibit 5.1).   ***

 

101.INS XBRL Instance Document
101.SCH XBRL Taxonomy Schema
101.CAL XBRL Taxonomy Calculation Linkbase
101.DEF XBRL Taxonomy Definition Linkbase
101.LAB XBRL Taxonomy Label Linkbase
101.PRE XBRL Taxonomy Presentation Linkbase

 

*Filed herewith.

**To be filed by amendment.

***Previously filed.

 

II-5
 

 

  (1) Filed as an exhibit to the Company’s Form SB-2, filed October 16, 2006, No. 333-138025.
  (2) Filed as an exhibit to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10KSB for the Year ending December 31, 2007.
  (3) Filed as an exhibit to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated November 20, 2009.
  (4) Filed as an exhibit to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10K for the Year ending December 31, 2009.
  (5) Filed as an exhibit to the Company’s Form 8-K filed August 30, 2012.
  (6) Filed as an exhibit to the Company’s October 2006 Form SB-2.
  (7) Filed as an exhibit to the Company’s Form 8-K filed July 17, 2015.
  (8) Filed as an exhibit to the Company’s Amendment No. 1 to Form SB-2, filed January 31, 2007, No. 333-138025.
  (9) Filed as an exhibit to the Company’s Form S-8, filed October 23, 2007, No. 333-146874.
  (10) Filed as an exhibit to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10K for the Year ending December 31, 2008.
  (11) Filed as an exhibit to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10K for the Year ending December 31, 2009.
  (12) Filed as an exhibit to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10K for the Year ending December 31, 2010.
  (13) Filed as an exhibit to the Company’s Form 8-K filed June 1, 2011.
  (14) Filed as an exhibit to the Company’s Form 8-K filed June 3, 2011.
  (15) Filed as an exhibit to the Company’s Form 8-K filed November 10, 2011.
  (16) Filed as an exhibit to the Company’s Form 8-K filed July 30, 2012.
  (17) Filed as an exhibit to the Company’s Form 8-K filed December 9, 2013.
  (18) Filed as an exhibit to the Company’s Form 8-K filed March 21, 2014.
  (19) Filed as an exhibit to the Company’s Form 8-K filed August 25, 2014.
  (20) Filed as an exhibit to the Company’s Form 8-K filed May 28, 2015.
  (21) Filed as an exhibit to the Company’s Form 8-K filed July 15, 2015.
  (22) Filed as an exhibit to the Company’s Form 8-K filed July 17, 2015.
  (23) Filed as an exhibit to the Company’s Form S-8 filed May 23, 2016.
  (24) Filed as an exhibit to the Company’s Form 8-K filed November 16, 2016.
  (25) Filed as an exhibit to the Company’s Form 8-K filed January 3, 2017.
  (26) Filed as an exhibit to the Company’s Form 8-K filed August 25, 2017.
  (27) Filed as an exhibit to the Company’s Form 8-K filed April 4, 2018.
  (28) Filed as an exhibit to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10K for the Year ending December 31, 2015.
  (29) Filed as an exhibit to the Company’s Form 8-K filed August 2, 2018.
  (30) Filed as an exhibit to the Company’s Form 8-K filed September 26, 2018.
  (31) Filed as an exhibit to the Company’s Form 8-K filed August 5, 2019.
  (32) Filed as an exhibit to the Company’s Form 8-K filed December 10, 2007.

 

  (b) No financial statement schedules have been provided because the information is not required or is shown either in the financial statements or the notes thereto.

 

II-6
 

 

Item 17. Undertakings.

 

The undersigned registrant hereby undertakes:

 

  (1) To file, during any period in which offers or sales are being made, a post-effective amendment to this registration statement:

 

  i. To include any prospectus required by section 10(a)(3) of the Securities Act of 1933;
     
  ii. To reflect in the prospectus any facts or events arising after the effective date of the registration statement (or the most recent post-effective amendment thereof) which, individually or in the aggregate, represent a fundamental change in the information set forth in the registration statement. Notwithstanding the foregoing, any increase or decrease in volume of securities offered (if the total dollar value of securities offered would not exceed that which was registered) and any deviation from the low or high end of the estimated maximum offering range may be reflected in the form of prospectus filed with the SEC pursuant to Rule 424(b) if, in the aggregate, the changes in volume and price represent no more than 20% change in the maximum aggregate offering price set forth in the “Calculation of Registration Fee” table in the effective registration statement.
     
  iii. To include any material information with respect to the plan of distribution not previously disclosed in the registration statement or any material change to such information in the registration statement;

 

  (2) That, for the purpose of determining any liability under the Securities Act of 1933, each such post-effective amendment shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof.
     
  (3) To remove from registration by means of a post-effective amendment any of the securities being registered which remain unsold at the termination of the offering.
     
  (4) Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act of 1933 may be permitted to directors, officers and controlling persons of the registrant pursuant to the foregoing provisions, or otherwise, the registrant has been advised that in the opinion of the Securities and Exchange Commission such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Act and is, therefore, unenforceable. In the event that a claim for indemnification against such liabilities (other than the payment by the registrant of expenses incurred or paid by a director, officer or controlling person of the registrant in the successful defense of any action, suit or proceeding) is asserted by such director, officer or controlling person in connection with the securities being registered, the registrant will, unless in the opinion of its counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the question whether such indemnification by it is against public policy as expressed in the Act and will be governed by the final adjudication of such issue.
     
  (5) The undersigned registrant hereby undertakes that:

 

  (i)

For purposes of determining any liability under the Securities Act of 1933, the information omitted from the form of prospectus filed as part of this registration statement in reliance upon Rule 430A and contained in a form of prospectus filed by the registrant pursuant to Rule 424(b)(1) or (4) or 497(h) under the Securities Act shall be deemed to be part of this registration statement as of the time it was declared effective.

     
  (ii)

For the purpose of determining any liability under the Securities Act of 1933, each post-effective amendment that contains a form of prospectus shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the Offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide Offering thereof.

 

Each prospectus filed pursuant to Rule 424(b) as part of a registration statement relating to an offering, other than registration statements relying on Rule 430B or other than prospectuses filed in reliance on Rule 430A, shall be deemed to be part of and included in the registration statement as of the date it is first used after effectiveness. Provided, however, that no statement made in a registration statement or prospectus that is part of the registration statement or made in a document incorporated or deemed incorporated by reference into the registration statement or prospectus that is part of the registration statement will, as to a purchaser with a time of contract of sale prior to such first use, supersede or modify any statement that was made in the registration statement or prospectus that was part of the registration statement or made in any such document immediately prior to such date of first use.

 

II-7
 

 

SIGNATURES

 

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, the Registrant has duly caused this Registration Statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Lenexa, State of Kansas, on February 7, 2020.

 

  DIGITAL ALLY, INC.
   
  By: /s/ Stanton E. Ross
    Stanton E. Ross
    Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer
    (Principal Executive Officer)

 

Signature and Title   Date
     
/s/ Stanton E. Ross   February 7, 2020
Stanton E. Ross, Director and Chief Executive Officer    
   
/s/ Leroy C. Richie   February 7, 2020
Leroy C. Richie, Director    
   
/s/ Michael J. Caulfield   February 7, 2020
Michael J. Caulfield, Director    
   
/s/ Daniel F. Hutchins   February 7, 2020
Daniel F. Hutchins, Director    
   
/s/ Thomas J. Heckman   February 7, 2020
Thomas J. Heckman, Chief Financial Officer, Secretary, Treasurer and Principal Accounting Officer    

 

II-8
 

 

 

EXHIBIT 1.1

 

DIGITAL ALLY, INC.

 

UNDERWRITING AGREEMENT

 

[●] Shares of Common Stock

Common Warrants to Purchase up to [●] Shares of Common Stock

Pre-Funded Warrants to Purchase up to [●] Shares of Common Stock

 

February [__], 2020

 

Roth Capital Partners, LLC

As the Representative of the

Several Underwriters Named on Schedule I hereto

 

c/o Roth Capital Partners, LLC

888 San Clemente Drive, Suite 400

Newport Beach, CA 92660

 

Ladies and Gentlemen:

 

Digital Ally, Inc., a Nevada corporation (the “Company”), proposes, subject to the terms and conditions stated herein, to issue and sell to the underwriters named in Schedule I hereto (the “Underwriters,” or each, an “Underwriter”), for whom Roth Capital Partners, LLC is acting as the representative (the “Representative”), (i) an aggregate of [●] authorized but unissued shares (the “Firm Shares”) of common stock, par value $0.001 per share of the Company (the “Common Stock”), (ii) pre-funded warrants (the “Firm Pre-Funded Warrants”) to purchase up to an aggregate of [●] shares of Common Stock at an exercise price of $0.001 per share (the “Firm Pre-Funded Warrant Shares”) and (iii) warrants (the “Firm Warrants”) to purchase up to an aggregate of [●] shares of Common Stock (the “Firm Warrant Shares”). The Firm Shares, the Firm Pre-Funded Warrants, the Firm Warrants, the Firm Pre-Funded Warrant Shares and the Firm Warrant Shares are collectively referred to as the “Firm Securities.” The Company also proposes to issue and sell to the Underwriters, upon the terms and conditions set forth herein, up to an additional (i) [●] authorized but unissued shares (the “Option Shares” and, together with the Firm Shares, the “Shares”) of Common Stock, and/or (ii) warrants (the “Option Warrants” and, together with the Firm Warrants, the “Warrants”), to purchase up to an aggregate of [●] shares of Common Stock (the “Option Warrant Shares” and, together with the Firm Warrant Shares, the “Warrant Shares”). The Option Shares, the Option Warrants and the Option Warrant Shares are collectively referred to as the “Option Securities.” The Firm Securities and the Option Securities are collectively referred to as the “Securities.” The Firm Shares and Firm Warrants will be offered and sold as Class A units, each Class A Unit comprised of one Firm Share and one Firm Warrant to purchase .75 share of Common Stock (the “Class A Units”). The Firm Pre-Funded Warrants and Firm Warrants will be offered and sold as Class B units, each Class B Unit comprised of one Pre-Funded Warrant and one Firm Warrant to purchase .75 share of Common Stock (the “Class B Units” and, collectively with Class A Units, the “Units”). The public purchase price to the Underwriters for each Class A Unit is $[●] and for each Class B unit is $[●].

 

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The Company and the several Underwriters hereby confirm their agreement as follows:

 

1. Registration Statement and Prospectus.

 

The Company has prepared and filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “Commission”) a registration statement covering the Securities on Form S-1 (File No. 333-235998) under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), and the rules and regulations (the “Rules and Regulations”) of the Commission thereunder, and such amendments to such registration statement (including post effective amendments) as may have been required to the date of this Agreement. Such registration statement, as amended (including any post effective amendments), has been declared effective by the Commission. Such registration statement, including amendments thereto (including post effective amendments thereto) and all documents and information deemed to be a part of the Registration Statement through incorporation by reference or otherwise at the time of effectiveness thereof (the “Effective Time”), the exhibits and any schedules thereto at the Effective Time or thereafter during the period of effectiveness and the documents and information otherwise deemed to be a part thereof or included therein by the Securities Act or otherwise pursuant to the Rules and Regulations at the Effective Time or thereafter during the period of effectiveness, is herein called the “Registration Statement.” If the Company has filed or files an abbreviated registration statement pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act (the “Rule 462 Registration Statement”), then any reference herein to the term Registration Statement shall include such Rule 462 Registration Statement. Any preliminary prospectus included in the Registration Statement or filed with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424(a) under the Securities Act is hereinafter called a “Preliminary Prospectus.” The Preliminary Prospectus relating to the Securities that was included in the Registration Statement immediately prior to the pricing of the offering contemplated hereby is hereinafter called the “Pricing Prospectus.

 

The Company is filing with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424 under the Securities Act a final prospectus covering the Securities, which includes the information permitted to be omitted therefrom at the Effective Time by Rule 430A under the Securities Act. Such final prospectus, as so filed, is hereinafter called the “Final Prospectus.” The Final Prospectus, the Pricing Prospectus and any preliminary prospectus in the form in which they were included in the Registration Statement or filed with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424 under the Securities Act is hereinafter called a “Prospectus.” Reference made herein to any Preliminary Prospectus, the Pricing Prospectus or to the Prospectus shall be deemed to refer to and include any documents incorporated by reference therein and any reference to any amendment or supplement to any Preliminary Prospectus or the Prospectus shall be deemed to refer to and include any document filed under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), and the rules and regulations of the Commissions thereunder, incorporated by reference in such Preliminary Prospectus or the Prospectus, as the case may be.

 

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2. Representations and Warranties of the Company Regarding the Offering.

 

(a) The Company represents and warrants to, and agrees with, the several Underwriters, as of the date hereof, and as of the Closing Date (as defined in Section 4(d) below) and as of each Option Closing Date (as defined in Section 4(b) below), as follows:

 

(i) No Material Misstatements or Omissions. At each time of effectiveness, at the date hereof, at the Closing Date, and at each Option Closing Date, if any, the Registration Statement and any post-effective amendment thereto complied or will comply in all material respects with the requirements of the Securities Act and the Rules and Regulations and did not, does not, and will not, as the case may be, contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading. The Time of Sale Disclosure Package (as defined in Section 2(a)(iii)(A)(1) below) as of [●] (Eastern time) (the “Applicable Time”) on the date hereof , and at the Closing Date and on each Option Closing Date, if any, and the Final Prospectus, as amended or supplemented, as of its date, at the time of filing pursuant to Rule 424(b) under the Securities Act, and at the Closing Date and at each Option Closing Date, if any, when considered together with the Time of Sale Disclosure Package, did not, does not and will not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading. The representations and warranties set forth in the two immediately preceding sentences shall not apply to statements in or omissions from the Registration Statement, the Time of Sale Disclosure Package or any Prospectus in reliance upon, and in conformity with, written information furnished to the Company by any Underwriter specifically for use in the preparation thereof, which written information is described in Section 9(g). The Registration Statement contains all exhibits and schedules required to be filed by the Securities Act or the Rules and Regulations. No order preventing or suspending the effectiveness or use of the Registration Statement or any Prospectus is in effect and no proceedings for such purpose have been instituted or are pending, or, to the knowledge of the Company, are contemplated or threatened by the Commission.

 

(ii) Marketing Materials. The Company has not distributed any prospectus or other offering material in connection with the offering and sale of the Securities other than the Time of Sale Disclosure Package and the roadshow or investor presentations delivered to and approved by the Representative for use in connection with the marketing of the offering of the Securities (the “Marketing Materials”).

 

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(iii) Accurate Disclosure. (A) The Company has provided a copy to the Underwriters of each Issuer Free Writing Prospectus (as defined below) used in the sale of Securities. The Company has filed all Issuer Free Writing Prospectuses required to be so filed with the Commission, and no order preventing or suspending the effectiveness or use of any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus is in effect and no proceedings for such purpose have been instituted or are pending, or, to the knowledge of the Company, are contemplated or threatened by the Commission. When taken together with the rest of the Time of Sale Disclosure Package or the Final Prospectus, no Issuer Free Writing Prospectus, as of its issue date and at all subsequent times though the completion of the public offer and sale of Securities, has, does or will include (1) any untrue statement of a material fact or omission to state any material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading, or (2) information that conflicted, conflicts or will conflict with the information contained in the Registration Statement or the Final Prospectus. The representations and warranties set forth in the immediately preceding sentence shall not apply to statements in or omissions from the Time of Sale Disclosure Package, the Final Prospectus or any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus in reliance upon, and in conformity with, written information furnished to the Company by any Underwriter specifically for use in the preparation thereof, which written information is described in Section 7(f). As used in this paragraph and elsewhere in this Agreement:

 

(1) “Time of Sale Disclosure Package” means the Prospectus most recently filed with the Commission before the time of this Agreement, each Issuer Free Writing Prospectus, and the description of the transaction provided by the Underwriters included on Schedule II.

 

(2) “Issuer Free Writing Prospectus” means any “issuer free writing prospectus,” as defined in Rule 433 under the Securities Act, relating to the Securities that (A) is required to be filed with the Commission by the Company, or (B) is exempt from filing pursuant to Rule 433(d)(5)(i) or (d)(8) under the Securities Act, in each case in the form filed or required to be filed with the Commission or, if not required to be filed, in the form retained in the Company’s records pursuant to Rule 433(g) under the Securities Act.

 

(B) At the time of filing of the Registration Statement and at the date hereof, the Company was not and is not an “ineligible issuer,” as defined in Rule 405 under the Securities Act or an “excluded issuer” as defined in Rule 164 under the Securities Act.

 

(C) Each Issuer Free Writing Prospectus listed on Schedule III satisfied, as of its issue date and at all subsequent times through the Prospectus Delivery Period, all other conditions as may be applicable to its use as set forth in Rules 164 and 433 under the Securities Act, including any legend, record-keeping or other requirements.

 

(iv) Financial Statements. The financial statements of the Company, together with the related notes and schedules, included or incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement, the Time of Sale Disclosure Package and the Final Prospectus comply in all material respects with the applicable requirements of the Securities Act and the Exchange Act, and the rules and regulations of the Commission thereunder, and fairly present the financial condition of the Company as of the dates indicated and the results of operations and changes in cash flows for the periods therein specified in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) consistently applied throughout the periods involved. No other financial statements or schedules are required under the Securities Act, the Exchange Act, or the Rules and Regulations to be included or incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement, the Time of Sale Disclosure Package or the Final Prospectus.

 

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(v) Pro Forma Financial Information. The pro forma financial statements included or incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement, the Time of Sale Disclosure Package and the Final Prospectus include assumptions that provide a reasonable basis for presenting the significant effects directly attributable to the transactions and events described therein, the related pro forma adjustments give appropriate effect to those assumptions, and the pro forma adjustments reflect the proper application of those adjustments to the historical financial statements amounts in the pro forma financial statements included or incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement, the Time of Sale Disclosure Package and the Final Prospectus. The pro forma financial statements included or incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement, the Time of Sale Disclosure Package and the Final Prospectus comply as to form in all material respects with the application requirements of Regulation S-X under the Exchange Act. No other pro forma financial information or schedules are required under the Securities Act, the Exchange Act, or the rules and regulations thereunder to be included in the Registration Statement, the Time of Sale Disclosure Package or the Final Prospectus.

 

(vi) Independent Accountants. To the Company’s knowledge, RSM US LLP, which has expressed its opinion with respect to the financial statements and schedules incorporated by reference as a part of the Registration Statement and incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement, the Time of Sale Disclosure Package and the Final Prospectus, is an independent public accounting firm with respect to the Company within the meaning of the Securities Act and the Rules and Regulations.

 

(vii) Accounting and Disclosure Controls. The Company and its subsidiaries maintain systems of “internal control over financial reporting” (as defined under Rules 13a-15 and 15d-15 under the Exchange Act) that comply with the requirements of the Exchange Act and have been designed by, or under the supervision of, their respective principal executive and principal financial officers, or persons performing similar functions, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with GAAP, including, but not limited to, internal accounting controls sufficient to provide reasonable assurance that (i) transactions are executed in accordance with management’s general or specific authorizations; (ii) transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP and to maintain asset accountability; (iii) access to assets is permitted only in accordance with management’s general or specific authorization; (iv) the recorded accountability for assets is compared with the existing assets at reasonable intervals and appropriate action is taken with respect to any differences; and (v) the interactive data in eXtensible Business Reporting Language included or incorporated by references in the Registration Statement, the Time of Sale Disclosure Package and the Final Prospectus fairly present the information called for in all material respects and are prepared in accordance with the Commission’s rules and guidelines applicable thereto. Since the date of the latest audited financial statements included in the Registration Statement, the Time of Sale Disclosure Package and the Final Prospectus, there has been no change in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.

 

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The Company maintains disclosure controls and procedures that have been designed to ensure that material information relating to the Company and any subsidiaries is made known to the Company’s principal executive officer and principal financial officer by others within those entities; and such disclosure controls and procedures are effective.

 

(viii) Forward-Looking Statements. The Company had a reasonable basis for, and made in good faith, each “forward-looking statement” (within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act or Section 21E of the Exchange Act) contained or incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement, the Time of Sale Disclosure Package, the Final Prospectus or the Marketing Materials.

 

(ix) Statistical and Marketing-Related Data. All statistical or market-related data included or incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement, the Time of Sale Disclosure Package or the Final Prospectus, or included in the Marketing Materials, are based on or derived from sources that the Company reasonably believes to be reliable and accurate, and the Company has obtained the written consent to the use of such data from such sources, to the extent required.

 

(x) Trading Market. The Common Stock is registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Exchange Act and is approved for listing on the Nasdaq Capital Market (the “Nasdaq”). Other than as set forth in the Company’s public filings with the Commission, there is no action pending by the Company or, to the Company’s knowledge, the Nasdaq to delist the Common Stock from the Nasdaq. When issued, the Shares will be listed on the Nasdaq.

 

(xi) Absence of Manipulation. The Company has not taken, directly or indirectly, any action that is designed to or that has constituted or that would reasonably be expected to cause or result in the stabilization or manipulation of the price of any security of the Company to facilitate the sale or resale of the Securities.

 

(xii) Investment Company Act. The Company is not and, after giving effect to the offering and sale of the Securities and the application of the net proceeds thereof, including the proceeds received upon the exercise of the Warrants, will not be an “investment company,” as such term is defined in the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended.

 

3. Representations and Warranties Regarding the Company.

 

(a) The Company represents and warrants to, and agrees with, the several Underwriters, as of the date hereof and as of the Closing Date and as of each Option Closing Date, as follows:

 

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(i) Good Standing. Each of the Company and its subsidiaries has been duly organized and is validly existing as a corporation or other entity in good standing under the laws of its jurisdiction of incorporation. Each of the Company and its subsidiaries has the power and authority (corporate or otherwise) to own its properties and conduct its business as currently being carried on and as described in the Registration Statement, the Time of Sale Disclosure Package and the Prospectus, and is duly qualified to do business as a foreign corporation or other entity in good standing in each jurisdiction in which it owns or leases real property or in which the conduct of its business makes such qualification necessary, except where the failure to so qualify would not have or be reasonably likely to result in a material adverse effect upon the business, prospects, properties, operations, condition (financial or otherwise) or results of operations of the Company and its subsidiaries, taken as a whole, or in its ability to perform its obligations under this Agreement (“Material Adverse Effect”).

 

(ii) Authorization. The Company has the power and authority to enter into this Agreement and the Pre-Funded Warrants and the Warrants and to authorize, issue and sell the Shares, Pre-Funded Warrant Shares and the Warrant Shares as contemplated by this Agreement. This Agreement, the Pre-Funded Warrants and the Warrants have been duly authorized by the Company, and when executed and delivered by the Company, and will constitute the valid, legal and binding obligations of the Company, enforceable against the Company in accordance with their respective terms, except as rights to indemnity hereunder may be limited by federal or state securities laws and except as such enforceability may be limited by bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization or similar laws affecting the rights of creditors generally and subject to general principles of equity.

 

(iii) Contracts. The execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement, the Pre-Funded Warrants and the Warrants and the and the consummation of the transactions herein contemplated will not (A) result in a material breach or material violation of any of the terms and provisions of, or constitute a default under, any law, order, rule or regulation to which the Company or any subsidiary is subject, or by which any property or asset of the Company or any subsidiary is bound or affected, (B) conflict with, result in any material violation or material breach of, or constitute a default (or an event that with notice or lapse of time or both would become a default) under, or give to others any right of termination, amendment, acceleration or cancellation (with or without notice, lapse of time or both) (a “Default Acceleration Event”) of, any agreement, lease, credit facility, debt, note, bond, mortgage, indenture or other instrument (the “Contracts”) or material obligation or other material understanding to which the Company or any subsidiary is a party or by which any property or asset of the Company or any subsidiary is bound or affected, except to the extent that such conflict, default, or Default Acceleration Event not reasonably likely to result in a Material Adverse Effect, or (C) result in a breach or violation of any of the terms and provisions of, or constitute a default under, the Company’s Certificate of Incorporation or by-laws.

 

(iv) No Violations of Governing Documents. Neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries is in (A) violation, (B) breach, or (C) default under its articles of incorporation, by-laws or other equivalent organizational or governing documents.

 

(v) Consents. No consents, approvals, orders, authorizations or filings are required on the part of the Company in connection with the execution, delivery or performance of this Agreement, the Pre-Funded Warrants and the Warrants and the issue and sale of the Securities, except (A) the registration under the Securities Act of the Securities, which has been effected, (B) the necessary filings and approvals from the Nasdaq to list the Securities, (C) such consents, approvals, authorizations, registrations or qualifications as may be required under state or foreign securities or Blue Sky laws and the rules of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc. (“FINRA”) in connection with the purchase and distribution of the Securities by the several Underwriters, (D) such consents and approvals as have been obtained and are in full force and effect, and (E) such consents, approvals, orders, authorizations and filings the failure of which to make or obtain is not reasonably likely to result in a Material Adverse Effect.

 

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(vi) Capitalization. The Company has an authorized capitalization as set forth in the Registration Statement, the Time of Sale Disclosure Package and the Final Prospectus. All of the issued and outstanding shares of capital stock of the Company are duly authorized and validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable, and have been issued in compliance with all applicable securities laws, and conform to the description thereof in the Registration Statement, the Time of Sale Disclosure Package and the Final Prospectus. All of the issued shares of capital stock of each subsidiary of the Company have been duly and validly authorized and issued, are fully paid and non-assessable and, except as set forth in the Registration Statement, the Time of Sale Disclosure Package and the Final Prospectus, are owned directly or indirectly by the Company, free and clear of all liens, encumbrances, equities or claims. Except for the issuances of options or restricted stock in the ordinary course of business, since the respective dates as of which information is provided in the Registration Statement, the Time of Sale Disclosure Package or the Final Prospectus, the Company has not entered into or granted any convertible or exchangeable securities, options, warrants, agreements, contracts or other rights in existence to purchase or acquire from the Company any shares of the capital stock of the Company. The Shares, when issued and paid for as provided herein, will be duly authorized and validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable, will be issued in compliance with all applicable securities laws, and will be free of preemptive, registration or similar rights and will conform to the description of the capital stock of the Company contained in the Registration Statement, the Time of Sale Disclosure Package and the Prospectus. The Pre-Funded Warrant Shares, Warrant Shares and the shares of Common Stock issuable upon the exercise of the Underwriter Warrants (the “Underwriter Warrant Shares”), when issued, paid for and delivered upon due exercise of the Pre-Funded Warrants, Warrants, or the Underwriter Warrants, as applicable, will be duly authorized and validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable, will be issued in compliance with all applicable securities laws, and will be free of preemptive, registration or similar rights. The Pre-Funded Warrant Shares and Warrant Shares have been reserved for issuance. The Pre-Funded Warrants and the Warrants, when issued, will conform in all material respects to the descriptions thereof set forth in the Registration Statement, the Time of Sale Disclosure Package and the Final Prospectus.

 

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(vii) Taxes. Each of the Company and its subsidiaries has (a) filed all foreign, federal, state and local tax returns (as hereinafter defined) required to be filed with taxing authorities prior to the date hereof or has duly obtained extensions of time for the filing thereof and (b) paid all taxes (as hereinafter defined) shown as due and payable on such returns that were filed and has paid all taxes imposed on or assessed against the Company or such respective subsidiary. The provisions for taxes payable, if any, shown on the financial statements included or incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement, the Time of Sale Disclosure Package and the Final Prospectus are sufficient for all accrued and unpaid taxes, whether or not disputed, and for all periods to and including the dates of such consolidated financial statements. To the knowledge of the Company, no issues have been raised (and are currently pending) by any taxing authority in connection with any of the returns or taxes asserted as due from the Company or its subsidiaries, and no waivers of statutes of limitation with respect to the returns or collection of taxes have been given by or requested from the Company or its subsidiaries. The term “taxes” mean all federal, state, local, foreign, and other net income, gross income, gross receipts, sales, use, ad valorem, transfer, franchise, profits, license, lease, service, service use, withholding, payroll, employment, excise, severance, stamp, occupation, premium, property, windfall profits, customs, duties or other taxes, fees, assessments, or charges of any kind whatever, together with any interest and any penalties, additions to tax, or additional amounts with respect thereto. The term “returns” means all returns, declarations, reports, statements, and other documents required to be filed in respect to taxes.

 

(viii) Material Change. Since the respective dates as of which information is given (including information incorporated by reference) in the Registration Statement, the Time of Sale Disclosure Package or the Final Prospectus, (a) neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries has incurred any material liabilities or obligations, direct or contingent, or entered into any material transactions other than in the ordinary course of business, (b) the Company has not declared or paid any dividends or made any distribution of any kind with respect to its capital stock; (c) there has not been any change in the capital stock of the Company or any of its subsidiaries (other than a change in the number of outstanding shares of Common Stock due to the issuance of shares upon the exercise of outstanding options or warrants, upon the conversion of outstanding shares of preferred stock or other convertible securities or the issuance of restricted stock awards or restricted stock units under the Company’s existing stock awards plan, or any new grants thereof in the ordinary course of business), (d) there has not been any material change in the Company’s long-term or short-term debt, and (e) there has not been the occurrence of any Material Adverse Effect.

 

(ix) Absence of Proceedings. Except as disclosed in the Company’s public filings, there is not pending or, to the knowledge of the Company, threatened, any action, suit or proceeding to which the Company or any of its subsidiaries is a party or of which any property or assets of the Company or any of its subsidiaries is the subject before or by any court or governmental agency, authority or body, or any arbitrator or mediator, which is reasonably likely to result in a Material Adverse Effect.

 

(x) Permits. The Company and each of its subsidiaries holds, and is in compliance with, all franchises, grants, authorizations, licenses, permits, easements, consents, certificates and orders (“Permits”) of any governmental or self-regulatory agency, authority or body required for the conduct of its business, and all such Permits are in full force and effect, in each case except where the failure to hold, or comply with, any of them is not reasonably likely to result in a Material Adverse Effect or adversely affect the consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement.

 

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(xi) Good Title. The Company and each of its subsidiaries have good and marketable title to all property (whether real or personal) described in the Registration Statement, the Time of Sale Disclosure Package and the Final Prospectus as being owned by them that are material to the business of the Company, in each case free and clear of all liens, claims, security interests, other encumbrances or defects, except those that are disclosed in the Registration Statement, the Time of Sale Disclosure Package and the Final Prospectus and those that are not reasonably likely to result in a Material Adverse Effect. The property held under lease by the Company and its subsidiaries is held by them under valid, subsisting and enforceable leases with only such exceptions with respect to any particular lease as do not interfere in any material respect with the conduct of the business of the Company and its subsidiaries.

 

(xii) Intellectual Property. The Company and each of its subsidiaries owns or possesses or has valid right to use all patents, patent applications, trademarks, service marks, trade names, trademark registrations, service mark registrations, copyrights, licenses, inventions, trade secrets and similar rights (“Intellectual Property”) necessary for the conduct of the business of the Company and its subsidiaries as currently carried on and as described in the Registration Statement, the Time of Sale Disclosure Package and the Final Prospectus. To the knowledge of the Company, no action or use by the Company or any of its subsidiaries involve or give rise to any infringement of, or license or similar fees for, any Intellectual Property of others, except where such action, use, license or fee is not reasonably likely to result in a Material Adverse Effect. The Company has not received any notice alleging any such infringement or fee. To the Company’s knowledge, none of the technology employed by the Company or any subsidiary has been obtained or is being used by the Company or such subsidiary in violation of any contractual obligation binding on the Company or such subsidiary or, to the Company’s knowledge, any of the officers, directors or employees of the Company or any subsidiary, or, to the Company’s knowledge, otherwise in violation of the rights of any persons, except in each case for such violations as would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.

 

(xiii) Employment Matters. There is (A) no unfair labor practice complaint pending against the Company, or any of its subsidiaries, nor to the Company’s knowledge, threatened against it or any of its subsidiaries, before the National Labor Relations Board, any state or local labor relation board or any foreign labor relations board, and no grievance or arbitration proceeding arising out of or under any collective bargaining agreement is so pending against the Company or any of its subsidiaries, or, to the Company’s knowledge, threatened against it and (B) no labor disturbance by the employees of the Company or any of its subsidiaries exists or, to the Company’s knowledge, is imminent, and the Company is not aware of any existing or imminent labor disturbance by the employees of any of its or its subsidiaries, principal suppliers, manufacturers, customers or contractors, that could reasonably be expected, singularly or in the aggregate, to have a Material Adverse Effect. The Company is not aware that any key employee or significant group of employees of the Company or any subsidiary plans to terminate employment with the Company or any such subsidiary.

 

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(xiv) ERISA Compliance. No “prohibited transaction” (as defined in Section 406 of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended, including the regulations and published interpretations thereunder (“ERISA”), or Section 4975 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended from time to time (the “Code”)) or “accumulated funding deficiency” (as defined in Section 302 of ERISA) or any of the events set forth in Section 4043(b) of ERISA (other than events with respect to which the thirty (30)-day notice requirement under Section 4043 of ERISA has been waived) has occurred or could reasonably be expected to occur with respect to any employee benefit plan of the Company or any of its subsidiaries which would reasonably be expected to, singularly or in the aggregate, have a Material Adverse Effect. Each employee benefit plan of the Company or any of its subsidiaries is in compliance in all material respects with applicable law, including ERISA and the Code. The Company and its subsidiaries have not incurred and could not reasonably be expected to incur liability under Title IV of ERISA with respect to the termination of, or withdrawal from, any pension plan (as defined in ERISA). Each pension plan for which the Company or any of its subsidiaries would have any liability that is intended to be qualified under Section 401(a) of the Code is so qualified, and to the Company’s knowledge nothing has occurred, whether by action or by failure to act, which could, singularly or in the aggregate, cause the loss of such qualification.

 

(xv) Environmental Matters. The Company and its subsidiaries are in compliance with all foreign, federal, state and local rules, laws and regulations relating to the use, treatment, storage and disposal of hazardous or toxic substances or waste and protection of health and safety or the environment which are applicable to their businesses (“Environmental Laws”), except where the failure to comply has not had and would not reasonably be expected to have, singularly or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect. There has been no storage, generation, transportation, handling, treatment, disposal, discharge, emission, or other release of any kind of toxic or other wastes or other hazardous substances by, due to, or caused by the Company or any of its subsidiaries (or, to the Company’s knowledge, any other entity for whose acts or omissions the Company or any of its subsidiaries is or may otherwise be liable) upon any of the property now or previously owned or leased by the Company or any of its subsidiaries, or upon any other property, in violation of any law, statute, ordinance, rule, regulation, order, judgment, decree or permit or which would, under any law, statute, ordinance, rule (including rule of common law), regulation, order, judgment, decree or permit, give rise to any liability, except for any violation or liability which has not had and would not reasonably be expected to have, singularly or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect; and there has been no disposal, discharge, emission or other release of any kind onto such property or into the environment surrounding such property of any toxic or other wastes or other hazardous substances with respect to which the Company or any of its subsidiaries has knowledge.

 

(xvi) SOX Compliance. The Company is in compliance in all material respects with all applicable provisions of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and all rules and regulations promulgated thereunder or implementing the provisions thereof.

 

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(xvii) Money Laundering Laws. The operations of the Company and its subsidiaries are and have been conducted at all times in compliance with applicable financial recordkeeping and reporting requirements of the Currency and Foreign Transactions Reporting Act of 1970, as amended, the money laundering statutes of all jurisdictions, the rules and regulations thereunder and any related or similar rules, regulations or guidelines, issued, administered or enforced by any Governmental Entity (collectively, the “Money Laundering Laws”); and no action, suit or proceeding by or before any Governmental Entity involving the Company or any of its subsidiaries with respect to the Money Laundering Laws is pending or, to the knowledge of the Company, threatened. “Governmental Entity” shall be defined as any arbitrator, court, governmental body, regulatory body, administrative agency or other authority, body or agency (whether foreign or domestic) having jurisdiction over the Company or any of its subsidiaries or any of their respective properties, assets or operations.

 

(xviii) Foreign Corrupt Practices Act. Neither the Company, nor any of its subsidiaries, nor any director or officer of the Company or any subsidiary, nor, to the knowledge of the Company, any employee, representative, agent, affiliate of the Company or any of its subsidiaries or any other person acting on behalf of the Company or any of its subsidiaries, is aware of or has taken any action, directly or indirectly, that would result in a violation by such persons of the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act of 1977, as amended, and the rules and regulations thereunder (the “FCPA”), including, without limitation, making use of the mails or any means or instrumentality of interstate commerce corruptly in furtherance of an offer, payment, promise to pay or authorization of the payment of any money, or other property, gift, promise to give, or authorization of the giving of anything of value to any “foreign official” (as such term is defined in the FCPA) or any foreign political party or official thereof or any candidate for foreign political office, in contravention of the FCPA and the Company and, to the knowledge of the Company, its affiliates have conducted their businesses in compliance with the FCPA and have instituted and maintain policies and procedures designed to ensure, and which are reasonably expected to continue to ensure, continued compliance therewith.

 

(xix) OFAC. Neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries or any director or officer of the Company or any subsidiary, nor, to the knowledge of the Company, any employee, representative, agent or affiliate of the Company or any of its subsidiaries or any other person acting on behalf of the Company or any of its subsidiaries is currently subject to any U.S. sanctions administered by the Office of Foreign Assets Control of the U.S. Treasury Department (“OFAC”); and the Company will not directly or indirectly use the proceeds of the offering of the Securities contemplated hereby, or lend, contribute or otherwise make available such proceeds to any person or entity, for the purpose of financing the activities of any person currently subject to any U.S. sanctions administered by OFAC.

 

(xx) Insurance. The Company and each of its subsidiaries carries, or is covered by, insurance in such amounts and covering such risks as is adequate for the conduct of its business and the value of its properties and as is customary for companies engaged in similar businesses in similar industries.

 

(xxi) Books and Records. The minute books of the Company and each of its subsidiaries have been made available to the Underwriters and counsel for the Underwriters, and such books (i) contain a complete summary of all meetings and actions of the board of directors (including each board committee) and stockholders of the Company (or analogous governing bodies and interest holders, as applicable), and each of its subsidiaries since the time of its respective incorporation or organization through the date of the latest meeting and action, and (ii) accurately in all material respects reflect all transactions referred to in such minutes.

 

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(xxii) No Undisclosed Contracts. There is no Contract or document required by the Securities Act or by the Rules and Regulations to be described in the Registration Statement, the Time of Sale Disclosure Package or in the Final Prospectus or to be filed as an exhibit to the Registration Statements which is not so described or filed therein as required; and all descriptions of any such Contracts or documents contained in the Registration Statement, the Time of Sale Disclosure Package and in the Final Prospectus are accurate and complete descriptions of such documents in all material respects. Other than as described in the Registration Statement, the Time of Sale Disclosure Package and the Final Prospectus, no such Contract has been suspended or terminated for convenience or default by the Company or any subsidiary party thereto or any of the other parties thereto, and neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries has received notice, and the Company has no knowledge, of any such pending or threatened suspension or termination, except for such pending or threatened suspensions or terminations that have not had, and would not reasonably be expected to have, a Material Adverse Effect, individually or in the aggregate.

 

(xxiii) No Undisclosed Relationships. No relationship, direct or indirect, exists between or among the Company or any of its subsidiaries on the one hand, and the directors, officers, stockholders (or analogous interest holders), customers or suppliers of the Company or any of its subsidiaries on the other hand, which is required to be described in the Registration Statement, the Time of Sale Disclosure Package or the Final Prospectus and which is not so described.

 

(xxiv) Insider Transactions. There are no outstanding loans, advances (except normal advances for business expenses in the ordinary course of business) or guarantees of indebtedness by the Company or any of its subsidiaries to or for the benefit of any of the officers or directors of the Company, any of its subsidiaries, or any of their respective family members, except as disclosed in the Registration Statement, the Time of Sale Disclosure Package and the Final Prospectus. All transactions by the Company with office holders or control persons of the Company have been duly approved by the board of directors of the Company, or duly appointed committees or officers thereof, if and to the extent required under applicable law.

 

(xxv) No Registration Rights. No person or entity has the right to require registration of any shares of Common Stock or other securities, whether or not issued and outstanding, of the Company or any of its subsidiaries within 90 days of the date hereof because of the filing or effectiveness of the Registration Statement or otherwise, except for persons and entities who have expressly waived such right in writing or who have been given timely and proper written notice and have failed to exercise such right within the time or times required under the terms and conditions of such right. Except as described in the Registration Statement, the Time of Sale Disclosure Package and the Final Prospectus, there are no persons with registration rights or similar rights to have any securities registered by the Company or any of its subsidiaries under the Securities Act.

 

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(xxvi) Continued Business. No supplier, customer, distributor or sales agent of the Company or any subsidiary has notified the Company or any subsidiary that it intends to discontinue or decrease the rate of business done with the Company or any subsidiary, except where such discontinuation or decrease has not resulted in and could not reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect.

 

(xxvii) No Finder’s Fee. There are no claims, payments, issuances, arrangements or understandings for services in the nature of a finder’s, consulting or origination fee with respect to the introduction of the Company to any Underwriter or the sale of the Securities hereunder or any other arrangements, agreements, understandings, payments or issuances with respect to the Company that may affect the Underwriters’ compensation, as determined by FINRA.

 

(xxviii) No Fees. Except as disclosed to the Representative in writing, the Company has not made any direct or indirect payments (in cash, securities or otherwise) to (i) any person, as a finder’s fee, investing fee or otherwise, in consideration of such person raising capital for the Company or introducing to the Company persons who provided capital to the Company, (ii) any FINRA member, or (iii) any person or entity that has any direct or indirect affiliation or association with any FINRA member within the 12-month period prior to the date on which the Registration Statement was filed with the Commission (“Filing Date”) or thereafter.

 

(xxix) Proceeds. None of the net proceeds of the offering will be paid by the Company to any participating FINRA member or any affiliate or associate of any participating FINRA member, except as specifically authorized herein.

 

(xxx) No FINRA Affiliations. To the Company’s knowledge, no (i) officer or director of the Company or its subsidiaries, (ii) owner of 5% or more of any class of the Company’s securities or (iii) owner of any amount of the Company’s unregistered securities acquired within the 180-day period prior to the Filing Date, has any direct or indirect affiliation or association with any FINRA member. The Company will advise the Representative and counsel to the Underwriters if it becomes aware that any officer, director of the Company or its subsidiaries or any owner of 5% or more of any class of the Company’s securities is or becomes an affiliate or associated person of a FINRA member participating in the offering.

 

(xxxi) No Financial Advisor. Other than the Underwriters, no person has the right to act as an underwriter or as a financial advisor to the Company in connection with the transactions contemplated hereby.

 

(xxxii) Certain Statements. The statements set forth in the Registration Statement, the Time of Sale Disclosure Package and the Final Prospectus, insofar as they purport to describe the provisions of the laws and documents referred to therein, are accurate, complete and fair in all material respects, and under the caption “Description of Securities” insofar as they purport to constitute a summary of (i) the terms of the Company’s outstanding securities, (ii) the terms of the Shares, Pre-Funded Warrants and the Warrants, and (iii) the terms of the documents referred to therein, are accurate, complete and fair in all material respects.

 

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(xxxiii) Prior Sales of Securities. Except as set forth in the Registration Statement, the Time of Sale Disclosure Package and the Final Prospectus, the Company has not sold or issued any shares of Common Stock during the six-month period preceding the date hereof, including any sales pursuant to Rule 144A under, or Regulations D or S of, the Securities Act, other than shares issued pursuant to employee benefit plans, stock option plans or other employee compensation plans or pursuant to outstanding preferred stock, options, rights or warrants or other outstanding convertible securities.

 

(b) Any certificate signed by any officer of the Company and delivered to the Representative on behalf of the Underwriters or to counsel for the Underwriters shall be deemed a representation and warranty by the Company to the Underwriters as to the matters covered thereby.

 

4. Purchase, Sale and Delivery of Shares.

 

(a) On the basis of the representations, warranties and agreements herein contained, but subject to the terms and conditions herein set forth, the Company agrees to issue and sell the Firm Shares, Firm Pre-Funded Warrants and Firm Warrants to the several Underwriters, and the several Underwriters agree, severally and not jointly, to purchase the Firm Shares, Firm Pre-Funded Warrants and Firm Warrants set forth opposite the names of the Underwriters in Schedule I hereto. The public offering price for each Class A Unit shall be $[●]. The public offering price for each Class B Unit shall be $[●]. The purchase price to be paid by the Underwriters to the Company for the Class A Units shall be $[●] and for the Class B Units shall be $[●].

 

(b) The Company hereby grants to the Underwriters the option to purchase some or all of the Option Shares and/or Option Warrants and, upon the basis of the warranties and representations and subject to the terms and conditions herein set forth, the Underwriters shall have the right, severally and not jointly, to purchase at the purchase price set forth in Section 4(a), at any time and from time to time as set forth below, all or any portion of the Option Shares and/or Option Warrants as may be necessary to cover over-allotments made in connection with the transactions contemplated hereby. The purchase price to be paid by the Underwriters for the Option Warrants shall be $0.001 per Option Warrant. This option may be exercised by the Representative at any time and from time to time on or before the forty-fifth (45th) day following the date hereof, by written notice to the Company (the “Option Notice”). The Option Notice shall set forth the aggregate number of Option Shares and/or Option Warrants as to which the option is being exercised, and the date and time when the Option Shares and/or Option Warrants are to be delivered (such date and time being herein referred to as the “Option Closing Date”); provided, however, that the Option Closing Date shall not be earlier than the Closing Date (as defined below) nor earlier than the first business day after the date on which the option shall have been exercised nor later than the fifth (5th) business day after the date on which the option shall have been exercised unless the Company and the Representative otherwise agree. If the Underwriters elect to purchase less than all of the Option Shares and/or Option Warrants, the Company agrees to sell to each Underwriter the number of Option Shares and/or Option Warrants obtained by multiplying the number of Option Shares and/or Option Warrants specified in such notice by a fraction, the numerator of which is the number of Option Shares and/or Option Warrants, as applicable, set forth opposite the name of the Underwriter in Schedule I hereto and the denominator of which is the total number of Option Shares and/or Option Warrants.

 

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(c) Payment of the purchase price for and delivery of the Option Shares and/or Option Warrants shall be made on an Option Closing Date in the same manner and at the same office as the payment for the Firm Shares, Firm Pre-Funded Warrants and Firm Warrants, as applicable as set forth in subparagraph (d) below.

 

(d) The Firm Shares, Firm Pre-Funded Warrants and Firm Warrants will be delivered by the Company to the Representative, for the respective accounts of the several Underwriters, against payment of the purchase price therefor by wire transfer of same day funds payable to the order of the Company, at the offices of Roth Capital Partners, LLC, 888 San Clemente Drive, Suite 400, Newport Beach, CA 92660, or such other location as may be mutually acceptable, at 9:00 a.m. Eastern Time, on the second (2nd) (or if the Firm Shares are priced, as contemplated by Rule 15c6-1(c) under the Exchange Act, after 4:30 p.m. Eastern time, the third (3rd) full business day following the date hereof, or at such other time and date as the Representative and the Company determine pursuant to Rule 15c6-1(a) under the Exchange Act, or, in the case of the Option Shares and/or Option Warrants, at such date and time set forth in the Option Notice. The time and date of delivery of the Firm Shares, Firm Pre-Funded Warrants and Firm Warrants is referred to herein as the “Closing Date.” On the Closing Date, the Company shall deliver the Firm Shares, Firm Pre-Funded Warrants and Firm Warrants which shall be registered in the name or names and shall be in such denominations as the Representative may request on behalf of the Underwriters at least one (1) business day before the Closing Date, to the respective accounts of the several Underwriters, which delivery shall, with respect to the Firm Shares, be made through the facilities of the Depository Trust Company’s DWAC system and (b) with respect to the Firm Pre-Funded Warrants and Firm Warrants, be made by physical delivery to be received or directed by the Representative on behalf of the Underwriters no later than one (1) business day following the Closing Date.

 

(e) It is understood that the Representative has been authorized, for its own account and the accounts of the several Underwriters, to accept delivery of and receipt for, and make payment of the purchase price for, the Firm Shares, Firm Pre-Funded Warrants and Firm Warrants the Underwriters have agreed to purchase. The Representative, individually and not as the Representative of the Underwriters, may (but shall not be obligated to) make payment for any Securities to be purchased by any Underwriter whose funds shall not have been received by the Representative by the Closing Date or any Option Closing Date, as the case may be, for the account of such Underwriter, but any such payment shall not relieve such Underwriter from any of its obligations under this Agreement.

 

5. Covenants.

 

(a) The Company covenants and agrees with the Underwriters as follows:

 

(i) The Company shall prepare the Final Prospectus in a form approved by the Representative and file such Final Prospectus pursuant to Rule 424(b) under the Securities Act not later than the Commission’s close of business on the second business day following the execution and delivery of this Agreement, or, if applicable, such earlier time as may be required by the Rules and Regulations.

 

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(ii) During the period beginning on the date hereof and ending on the later of the Closing Date or such date as determined by the Representative the Final Prospectus is no longer required by law to be delivered in connection with sales by an underwriter or dealer (the “Prospectus Delivery Period”), prior to amending or supplementing the Registration Statement, including any Rule 462 Registration Statement, the Time of Sale Disclosure Package or the Final Prospectus, the Company shall furnish to the Representative for review and comment a copy of each such proposed amendment or supplement, and the Company shall not file any such proposed amendment or supplement to which the Representative reasonably objects.

 

(iii) From the date of this Agreement until the end of the Prospectus Delivery Period, the Company shall promptly advise the Representative in writing (A) of the receipt of any comments of, or requests for additional or supplemental information from, the Commission, (B) of the time and date of any filing of any post-effective amendment to the Registration Statement or any amendment or supplement to the Time of Sale Disclosure Package, the Final Prospectus or any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus, (C) of the time and date that any post-effective amendment to the Registration Statement becomes effective and (D) of the issuance by the Commission of any stop order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement or of any order preventing or suspending its use or the use of the Time of Sale Disclosure Package, the Final Prospectus or any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus, or of any proceedings to remove, suspend or terminate from listing or quotation the Common Stock from any securities exchange upon which it is listed for trading or included or designated for quotation, or of the threatening or initiation of any proceedings for any of such purposes. If the Commission shall enter any such stop order at any time during the Prospectus Delivery Period, the Company will use its reasonable efforts to obtain the lifting of such order at the earliest possible moment. Additionally, the Company agrees that it shall comply with the provisions of Rules 424(b), 430A, 430B, or 430C, as applicable, under the Securities Act and will use its reasonable efforts to confirm that any filings made by the Company under Rule 424(b) or Rule 433 were received in a timely manner by the Commission (without reliance on Rule 424(b)(8) or 164(b) of the Securities Act).

 

(iv) (A) During the Prospectus Delivery Period, the Company will comply with all requirements imposed upon it by the Securities Act, as now and hereafter amended, and by the Rules and Regulations, as from time to time in force, and by the Exchange Act, as now and hereafter amended, so far as necessary to permit the continuance of sales of or dealings in the Securities as contemplated by the provisions hereof, the Time of Sale Disclosure Package, the Registration Statement and the Final Prospectus. If during the Prospectus Delivery Period any event occurs the result of which would cause the Final Prospectus (or if the Final Prospectus is not yet available to prospective purchasers, the Time of Sale Disclosure Package ) to include an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances then existing, not misleading, or if during such period it is necessary or appropriate in the opinion of the Company or its counsel or the Representative or counsel to the Underwriters to amend the Registration Statement or supplement the Final Prospectus (or if the Final Prospectus is not yet available to prospective purchasers, the Time of Sale Disclosure Package ) to comply with the Securities Act, or to file under the Exchange Act any document that would be deemed to be incorporated by reference in the Final Prospectus in order to comply with the Securities Act or the Exchange Act, the Company will promptly notify the Representative, allow the Representative the opportunity to provide reasonable comments on such amendment, prospectus supplement or document, and will amend the Registration Statement or supplement the Final Prospectus (or if the Final Prospectus is not yet available to prospective purchasers, the Time of Sale Disclosure Package) or file such document (at the expense of the Company) so as to correct such statement or omission or effect such compliance.

 

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(B) If at any time during the Prospectus Delivery Period there occurred or occurs an event or development the result of which such Issuer Free Writing Prospectus conflicted or would conflict with the information contained in the Registration Statement or any Prospectus or included or would include, when taken together with the Time of Sale Disclosure Package, an untrue statement of a material fact or omitted or would omit to state a material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances prevailing at that subsequent time, not misleading, the Company will promptly notify the Representative and will promptly amended or will promptly amend or supplement, at its own expense, such Issuer Free Writing Prospectus to eliminate or correct such conflict, untrue statement or omission.

 

(v) The Company shall take or cause to be taken all necessary action to qualify the Securities for sale under the securities laws of such jurisdictions as the Representative reasonably designates and to continue such qualifications in effect so long as required for the distribution of the Securities, except that the Company shall not be required in connection therewith to qualify as a foreign corporation or as a dealer in securities in any jurisdiction in which it is not so qualified, to execute a general consent to service of process in any state or to subject itself to taxation in respect of doing business in any jurisdiction in which it is not otherwise subject.

 

(vi) The Company will furnish to the Underwriters and counsel to the Underwriters copies of the Registration Statement, each Prospectus, any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus, and all amendments and supplements to such documents, in each case as soon as available and in such quantities as the Underwriters may from time to time reasonably request.

 

(vii) The Company will make generally available to its security holders as soon as practicable, but in any event not later than 15 months after the end of the Company’s current fiscal quarter, an earnings statement (which need not be audited) covering a 12-month period that shall satisfy the provisions of Section 11(a) of the Securities Act and Rule 158 of the Rules and Regulations.

 

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(viii) The Company, whether or not the transactions contemplated hereunder are consummated or this Agreement is terminated, will pay or cause to be paid (A) all expenses (including transfer taxes allocated to the respective transferees) incurred in connection with the delivery to the Underwriters of the Securities (including all fees and expenses of the registrar and transfer agent of the Shares, and the cost of preparing and printing stock certificates and warrant certificates), (B) all reasonable expenses and reasonable fees (including, without limitation, the reasonable fees and reasonable expenses of the Company’s counsel) in connection with the preparation, printing, filing, delivery, and shipping of the Registration Statement (including the financial statements therein and all amendments, schedules, and exhibits thereto), the Securities, the Time of Sale Disclosure Package, any Prospectus, the Final Prospectus, any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus and any amendment thereof or supplement thereto, (C) all reasonable filing fees and reasonable fees and disbursements of the Underwriters’ counsel incurred in connection with the qualification of the Securities for offering and sale by the Underwriters or by dealers under the securities or blue sky laws of the states and other jurisdictions that the Representative shall designate, (D) the reasonable filing fees and reasonable fees and disbursements of counsel to the Underwriters incident to any required review and approval by FINRA, of the terms of the sale of the Securities, (F) listing fees, if any, and (G) all other reasonable costs and reasonable expenses incident to the performance of its obligations hereunder that are not otherwise specifically provided for herein. The Company will reimburse the Representative for the Underwriters’ reasonable out-of-pocket expenses, including legal fees and disbursements, in connection with the purchase and sale of the Securities contemplated hereby up to an aggregate of $85,000 (including amounts payable pursuant to clauses (C) and (D) above). If this Agreement is terminated by the Representative in accordance with the provisions of Section 6, Section 9 or Section 11, the Company will reimburse the Underwriters for all out-of-pocket disbursements (including, but not limited to, reasonable fees and disbursements of counsel, travel expenses, postage, facsimile and telephone charges) incurred by the Underwriters in connection with their investigation, preparing to market and marketing the Securities or in contemplation of performing their obligations hereunder.

 

(ix) The Company intends to apply the net proceeds from the sale of the Securities to be sold by it hereunder for the purposes set forth in the Registration Statement, the Time of Sale Disclosure Package and the Final Prospectus under the heading “Use of Proceeds”.

 

(x) The Company has not taken and will not take, directly or indirectly, during the Prospectus Delivery Period, any action designed to or which might reasonably be expected to cause or result in, or that has constituted, the stabilization or manipulation of the price of any security of the Company to facilitate the sale or resale of the Securities.

 

(xi) The Company represents and agrees that, unless it obtains the prior written consent of the Representative, and each Underwriter, severally, and not jointly, represents and agrees that, unless it obtains the prior written consent of the Company, it has not made and will not make any offer relating to the Securities that would constitute an Issuer Free Writing Prospectus; provided that the prior written consent of the parties hereto shall be deemed to have been given in respect of the free writing prospectuses included in Schedule III. Any such free writing prospectus consented to by the Company and the Representative is hereinafter referred to as a “Permitted Free Writing Prospectus.” The Company represents that it has treated or agrees that it will treat each Permitted Free Writing Prospectus as an “issuer free writing prospectus,” as defined in Rule 433, and has complied or will comply with the requirements of Rule 433 applicable to any Permitted Free Writing Prospectus, including timely Commission filing where required, legending and record-keeping.

 

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(xii) The Company hereby agrees that, without the prior written consent of the Representative, it will not, during the period ending ninety (90) days after the date hereof (“Lock-Up Period”), (i) offer, pledge, issue, sell, contract to sell, purchase, contract to purchase, lend, or otherwise transfer or dispose of, directly or indirectly, any shares of Common Stock or Warrants or any securities convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for shares of Common Stock; or (ii) enter into any swap or other arrangement that transfers to another, in whole or in part, any of the economic consequences of ownership of the Common Stock, whether any such transaction described in clause (i) or (ii) above is to be settled by delivery of Common Stock or such other securities, in cash or otherwise; or (iii) file any registration statement with the Commission relating to the offering of any shares of Common Stock or any securities convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for Common Stock. The restrictions contained in the preceding sentence shall not apply to (1) the Securities to be sold hereunder, (2) the issuance of Common Stock upon the exercise of options or warrants or the conversion of outstanding preferred stock or other outstanding convertible securities disclosed as outstanding in the Registration Statement (excluding exhibits thereto), the Time of Sale Disclosure Package, and the Final Prospectus, or (3) the issuance of employee stock options not exercisable during the Lock-Up Period and the grant of restricted stock awards or restricted stock units or shares of Common Stock pursuant to equity incentive plans described in the Registration Statement (excluding exhibits thereto), the Time of Sale Disclosure Package, and the Final Prospectus.

 

(xiii) The Company hereby agrees, during a period of three (3) years from the effective date of the Registration Statement, to furnish to the Representative copies of all reports or other communications (financial or other) furnished to shareholders, and to deliver to the Representative as soon as reasonably practicable upon availability, copies of any reports and financial statements furnished to or filed with the Commission or any national securities exchange on which any class of securities of the Company is listed; provided, that any information or documents available on the Commission’s Electronic Data Gathering, Analysis and Retrieval System shall be considered furnished for purposes of this Section 5(a)(xiii).

 

(xiv) The Company hereby agrees to engage and maintain, at its expense, a registrar and transfer agent for the Common Stock and a registrar and transfer agent for the Warrants (if other than the Company).

 

(xv) The Company hereby agrees to use its reasonable best efforts to include and receive approval to list the Shares, Pre-Funded Warrant Shares and Warrant Shares on Nasdaq.

 

(xvi) The Company hereby agrees not to take, directly or indirectly, any action designed to cause or result in, or that has constituted or might reasonably be expected to constitute, under the Exchange Act or otherwise, the stabilization or manipulation of the price of any securities of the Company to facilitate the sale or resale of the Securities.

 

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6. Conditions of the Underwriter’s Obligations. The respective obligations of the several Underwriters hereunder to purchase the Securities are subject to the accuracy, as of the date hereof and at all times through the Closing Date, and on each Option Closing Date (as if made on the Closing Date or such Option Closing Date, as applicable), of and compliance with all representations, warranties and agreements of the Company contained herein, the performance by the Company of its obligations hereunder and the following additional conditions:

 

(a) If filing of the Final Prospectus, or any amendment or supplement thereto, or any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus, is required under the Securities Act or the Rules and Regulations, the Company shall have filed the Final Prospectus (or such amendment or supplement) or such Issuer Free Writing Prospectus with the Commission in the manner and within the time period so required (without reliance on Rule 424(b)(8) or 164(b) under the Securities Act); the Registration Statement shall remain effective; no stop order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement or any part thereof, any Rule 462 Registration Statement, or any amendment thereof, nor suspending or preventing the use of the Time of Sale Disclosure Package, any Prospectus, the Final Prospectus or any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus shall have been issued; no proceedings for the issuance of such an order shall have been initiated or threatened by the Commission; any request of the Commission or the Representative for additional information (to be included in the Registration Statement, the Time of Sale Disclosure Package, any Prospectus, the Final Prospectus, any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus or otherwise) shall have been complied with to the satisfaction of the Representative.

 

(b) The Shares, Pre-Funded Warrant Shares and the Warrant Shares shall be approved for listing on the Nasdaq, subject to official notice of issuance and evidence of satisfactory distribution.

 

(c) FINRA shall have raised no objection to the fairness and reasonableness of the underwriting terms and arrangements.

 

(d) The Representative shall not have reasonably determined, and advised the Company, that the Registration Statement, the Time of Sale Disclosure Package, any Prospectus, the Final Prospectus, or any amendment thereof or supplement thereto, or any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus, contains an untrue statement of fact which, in the reasonable opinion of the Representative, is material, or omits to state a fact which, in the reasonable opinion of the Representative, is material and is required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading.

 

(e) On or after the date hereof (i) no downgrading shall have occurred in the rating accorded any of the Company’s securities by any “nationally recognized statistical organization,” as that term is defined by the Commission for purposes of Rule 436(g)(2) under the Securities Act, and (ii) no such organization shall have publicly announced that it has under surveillance or review, with possible negative implications, its rating of any of the Company’s securities.

 

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(f) On the Closing Date and on each Option Closing Date, there shall have been furnished to the Representative, for the benefit of the Underwriters, the opinion and negative assurance letters of Sullivan & Worcester LLP, counsel to the Company, each dated the Closing Date or the Option Closing Date, as applicable, and addressed to the Underwriters, in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Representative.

 

(g) On the Closing Date and on each Option Closing Date, there shall have been furnished to the Representative, for the benefit of the Underwriters, the negative assurance letter of Pryor Cashman LLP, counsel to the Underwriters, dated the Closing Date or the Option Closing Date, as applicable, and addressed to the Underwriters, in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to Representative.

 

(h) The Representative, for the benefit of the Underwriters, shall have received a letter of RSM US LLP, on the date hereof and on the Closing Date and on each Option Closing Date, addressed to the Underwriters, confirming that they are independent public accountants within the meaning of the Securities Act and are in compliance with the applicable requirements relating to the qualifications of accountants under Rule 2-01 of Regulation S-X of the Commission, and confirming, as of the date of each such letter (or, with respect to matters involving changes or developments since the respective dates as of which specified financial information is given in the Registration Statement, the Time of Sale Disclosure Package and the Final Prospectus, as of a date not prior to the date hereof or more than five (5) days prior to the date of such letter), the conclusions and findings of said firm with respect to the financial information and other matters required by the Underwriters. Such requested “comfort procedures” must be reasonable and customary and in accordance with established generally accepted auditing standards which requires the information to be generated by or derived from accounting records subject to ordinary auditing procedures.

 

(i) On the Closing Date and on each Option Closing Date, there shall have been furnished to the Representative, for the benefit of the Underwriters, a certificate, dated the Closing Date and on each Option Closing Date and addressed to the Underwriters, signed by the chief executive officer and the chief financial officer of the Company, in their capacity as officers of the Company, to the effect that:

 

(i) The representations and warranties of the Company in this Agreement that are qualified by materiality or by reference to any Material Adverse Effect are true and correct in all respects, and all other representations and warranties of the Company in this Agreement are true and correct, in all material respects, as if made at and as of the Closing Date and on the Option Closing Date, and the Company has complied with all the agreements and satisfied all the conditions on its part required to be performed or satisfied at or prior to the Closing Date or on the Option Closing Date, as applicable;

 

(ii) No stop order or other order (A) suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement or any part thereof or any amendment thereof, (B) suspending the qualification of the Securities for offering or sale, or (C) suspending or preventing the use of the Time of Sale Disclosure Package, any Prospectus, the Final Prospectus or any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus, has been issued, and no proceeding for that purpose has been instituted or, to their knowledge, is contemplated by the Commission or any state or regulatory body; and

 

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(iii) There has been no occurrence of any event resulting or reasonably likely to result in a Material Adverse Effect during the period from and after the date of this Agreement and prior to the Closing Date or on the Option Closing Date, as applicable.

 

(j) On or before the date hereof, the Representative shall have received duly executed lock-up agreement (each a “Lock-Up Agreement”) in the form set forth on Exhibit A hereto, by and between the Representative and each of the parties specified in Schedule IV.

 

(k) The Company shall have furnished to the Underwriters and their counsel such additional documents, certificates and evidence as the Representative or its counsel may have reasonably requested.

 

If any condition specified in this Section 6 shall not have been fulfilled when and as required to be fulfilled, this Agreement may be terminated by the Representative by notice to the Company at any time at or prior to the Closing Date or on the Option Closing Date, as applicable, and such termination shall be without liability of any party to any other party, except that Section 5(a)(viii), Section 9 and Section 10 shall survive any such termination and remain in full force and effect.

 

7. Indemnification and Contribution.

 

(a) The Company agrees to indemnify, defend and hold harmless each Underwriter, its affiliates, directors and officers and employees, and each person, if any, who controls such Underwriter within the meaning of Section 15 of the Securities Act or Section 20 of the Exchange Act, from and against any losses, claims, damages or liabilities to which such party may become subject, under the Securities Act or otherwise (including in settlement of any litigation if such settlement is effected with the written consent of the Company), insofar as such losses, claims, damages or liabilities (or actions in respect thereof) arise out of or are based upon (i) an untrue statement or alleged untrue statement of a material fact contained in the Registration Statement, including the information deemed to be a part of the Registration Statement at the time of effectiveness and at any subsequent time pursuant to Rules 430A and 430B of the Rules and Regulations, or arise out of or are based upon the omission from the Registration Statement, or alleged omission to state therein, a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading (ii) an untrue statement or alleged untrue statement of a material fact contained in the Time of Sale Disclosure Package, any Written Testing-the-Waters Communications, any Prospectus, the Final Prospectus, or any amendment or supplement thereto, any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus, or the Marketing Materials or in any other materials used in connection with the offering of the Securities, or arise out of or are based upon the omission or alleged omission to state therein a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading, (iii) in whole or in part, any material inaccuracy in the representations and warranties of the Company contained herein, or (iv) in whole or in part, any material failure of the Company to perform its obligations hereunder or under law, and will reimburse such party for any legal or other expenses reasonably incurred by such party in connection with evaluating, investigating or defending against such loss, claim, damage, liability or action; provided, however, that such indemnity shall not inure to the benefit of any Underwriter (or any person controlling such Underwriter) in any such case to the extent that any such loss, claim, damage, liability or action arises out of or is based upon an untrue statement or alleged untrue statement or omission or alleged omission made in the Registration Statement, the Time of Sale Disclosure Package, any Written Testing-the-Waters Communications, any Prospectus, the Final Prospectus, or any amendment or supplement thereto or any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus, in reliance upon and in conformity with written information furnished to the Company by the related Underwriter specifically for use in the preparation thereof, which written information is described in Section 7(f).

 

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(b) Each Underwriter, severally and not jointly, will indemnify, defend and hold harmless the Company, its directors and each officer of the Company who signs the Registration Statement and each person, if any, who controls the Company within the meaning of Section 15 of the Securities Act or Section 20 of the Exchange Act, from and against any losses, claims, damages or liabilities to which such party may become subject, under the Securities Act or otherwise (including in settlement of any litigation, if such settlement is effected with the written consent of such Underwriter), insofar as such losses, claims, damages or liabilities (or actions in respect thereof) arise out of or are based upon an untrue statement or alleged untrue statement of a material fact contained in the Registration Statement, the Time of Sale Disclosure Package, any Prospectus, the Final Prospectus, or any amendment or supplement thereto or any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus, or arise out of or are based upon the omission or alleged omission to state therein a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading, in each case to the extent, but only to the extent, that such untrue statement or alleged untrue statement or omission or alleged omission was made in the Registration Statement, the Time of Sale Disclosure Package, any Prospectus, the Final Prospectus, or any amendment or supplement thereto or any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus in reliance upon and in conformity with written information furnished to the Company by such Underwriter specifically for use in the preparation thereof, which written information is described in Section 7(f), and will reimburse such party for any legal or other expenses reasonably incurred by such party in connection with evaluating, investigating, and defending against any such loss, claim, damage, liability or action. The obligation of each Underwriter to indemnify the Company (including any controlling person, director or officer thereof) shall be limited to the amount of the underwriting discount applicable to the Securities to be purchased by such Underwriter hereunder actually received by such Underwriter.

 

(c) Promptly after receipt by an indemnified party under subsection (a) or (b) above of notice of the commencement of any action, such indemnified party shall, if a claim in respect thereof is to be made against the indemnifying party under such subsection, notify the indemnifying party in writing of the commencement thereof; but the failure to notify the indemnifying party shall not relieve the indemnifying party from any liability that it may have to any indemnified party except to the extent such indemnifying party has been materially prejudiced by such failure. In case any such action shall be brought against any indemnified party, and it shall notify the indemnifying party of the commencement thereof, the indemnifying party shall be entitled to participate in, and, to the extent that it shall wish, jointly with any other indemnifying party similarly notified, to assume the defense thereof, with counsel satisfactory to such indemnified party, and after notice from the indemnifying party to such indemnified party of the indemnifying party’s election so to assume the defense thereof, the indemnifying party shall not be liable to such indemnified party under such subsection for any legal or other expenses subsequently incurred by such indemnified party in connection with the defense thereof; provided, however, that if (i) the indemnified party has reasonably concluded (based on advice of counsel) that there may be legal defenses available to it or other indemnified parties that are different from or in addition to those available to the indemnifying party, (ii) a conflict or potential conflict exists (based on advice of counsel to the indemnified party) between the indemnified party and the indemnifying party (in which case the indemnifying party will not have the right to direct the defense of such action on behalf of the indemnified party), or (iii) the indemnifying party has not in fact employed counsel reasonably satisfactory to the indemnified party to assume the defense of such action within a reasonable time after receiving notice of the commencement of the action, the indemnified party shall have the right to employ a single counsel to represent it in any claim in respect of which indemnity may be sought under subsection (a) or (b) of this Section 7, in which event the reasonable fees and expenses of such separate counsel shall be borne by the indemnifying party or parties and reimbursed to the indemnified party as incurred.

 

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The indemnifying party under this Section 7 shall not be liable for any settlement of any proceeding effected without its written consent, but if settled with such consent or if there be a final judgment for the plaintiff, the indemnifying party agrees to indemnify the indemnified party against any loss, claim, damage, liability or expense by reason of such settlement or judgment. No indemnifying party shall, without the prior written consent of the indemnified party, effect any settlement, compromise or consent to the entry of judgment in any pending or threatened action, suit or proceeding in respect of which any indemnified party is a party or could be named and indemnity was or would be sought hereunder by such indemnified party, unless such settlement, compromise or consent (a) includes an unconditional release of such indemnified party from all liability for claims that are the subject matter of such action, suit or proceeding and (b) does not include a statement as to or an admission of fault, culpability or a failure to act by or on behalf of any indemnified party.

 

(d) If the indemnification provided for in this Section 7 is unavailable or insufficient to hold harmless an indemnified party under subsection (a) or (b) above, then each indemnifying party shall contribute to the amount paid or payable by such indemnified party as a result of the losses, claims, damages or liabilities referred to in subsection (a) or (b) above, (i) in such proportion as is appropriate to reflect the relative benefits received by the Company on the one hand and the Underwriters on the other from the offering and sale of the Shares, the Pre-Funded Warrants and the Warrants or (ii) if the allocation provided by clause (i) above is not permitted by applicable law, in such proportion as is appropriate to reflect not only the relative benefits referred to in clause (i) above but also the relative fault of the Company on the one hand and the Underwriters on the other in connection with the statements or omissions that resulted in such losses, claims, damages or liabilities, as well as any other relevant equitable considerations. The relative benefits received by the Company on the one hand and the Underwriters on the other shall be deemed to be in the same proportion as the total net proceeds from the offering (before deducting expenses) received by the Company bear to the total underwriting discount received by the Underwriters, in each case as set forth in the table on the cover page of the Final Prospectus. The relative fault shall be determined by reference to, among other things, whether the untrue or alleged untrue statement of a material fact or the omission or alleged omission to state a material fact relates to information supplied by the Company or the Underwriters and the parties’ relevant intent, knowledge, access to information and opportunity to correct or prevent such untrue statement or omission. The Company and the Underwriters agree that it would not be just and equitable if contributions pursuant to this subsection (d) were to be determined by pro rata allocation or by any other method of allocation that does not take account of the equitable considerations referred to in the first sentence of this subsection (d). The amount paid by an indemnified party as a result of the losses, claims, damages or liabilities referred to in the first sentence of this subsection (d) shall be deemed to include any legal or other expenses reasonably incurred by such indemnified party in connection with investigating or defending against any action or claim that is the subject of this subsection (d). Notwithstanding the provisions of this subsection (d), no Underwriter shall be required to contribute any amount in excess of the amount of the of the underwriting discount applicable to the Shares and the Pre-Funded Warrants and the Warrants to be purchased by such Underwriter hereunder actually received by such Underwriter. No person guilty of fraudulent misrepresentation (within the meaning of Section 11(f) of the Securities Act) shall be entitled to contribution from any person who was not guilty of such fraudulent misrepresentation. The Underwriters’ respective obligations to contribute as provided in this Section 7 are several in proportion to their respective underwriting commitments and not joint.

 

25
 

 

(e) The obligations of the Company under this Section 7 shall be in addition to any liability that the Company may otherwise have and the benefits of such obligations shall extend, upon the same terms and conditions, to each person, if any, who controls any Underwriter within the meaning of Section 15 of the Securities Act or Section 20 of the Exchange Act; and the obligations of each Underwriter under this Section 7 shall be in addition to any liability that each Underwriter may otherwise have and the benefits of such obligations shall extend, upon the same terms and conditions, to the Company, and its officers, directors and each person who controls the Company within the meaning of Section 15 of the Securities Act or Section 20 of the Exchange Act.

 

(f) For purposes of this Agreement, each Underwriter severally confirms, and the Company acknowledges, that there is no information concerning such Underwriter furnished in writing to the Company by such Underwriter specifically for preparation of or inclusion in the Registration Statement, the Time of Sale Disclosure Package, any Prospectus, the Final Prospectus or any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus, other than the statement set forth in the last paragraph on the cover page of the Prospectus, the marketing and legal names of each Underwriter, and the statements set forth in the “Underwriting” section of the Registration Statement, the Time of Sale Disclosure Package, and the Final Prospectus only insofar as such statements relate to the amount of selling concession and re-allowance, if any, or to over-allotment, stabilization and related activities that may be undertaken by such Underwriter.

 

8. Representations and Agreements to Survive Delivery. All representations, warranties, and agreements of the Company contained herein or in certificates delivered pursuant hereto, including, but not limited to, the agreements of the several Underwriters and the Company contained in Section 5(a)(vii) and Section 7 hereof, shall remain operative and in full force and effect regardless of any investigation made by or on behalf of the several Underwriters or any controlling person thereof, or the Company or any of its officers, directors, or controlling persons, and shall survive delivery of, and payment for, the Shares and the Pre-Funded Warrants and the Warrants to and by the Underwriters hereunder.

 

26
 

 

9. Termination of this Agreement.

 

(a) The Representative shall have the right to terminate this Agreement by giving notice to the Company as hereinafter specified at any time at or prior to the Closing Date or any Option Closing Date (as to the Option Shares and the Option Warrants to be purchased on such Option Closing Date only), if in the discretion of the Representative, (i) there has occurred any material adverse change in the securities markets or any event, act or occurrence that has materially disrupted, or in the opinion of the Representative, will in the future materially disrupt, the securities markets or there shall be such a material adverse change in general financial, political or economic conditions or the effect of international conditions on the financial markets in the United States is such as to make it, in the judgment of the Representative, inadvisable or impracticable to market the Securities or enforce contracts for the sale of the Securities (ii) trading in the Company’s Common Stock shall have been suspended by the Commission or the Nasdaq or trading in securities generally on the Nasdaq Stock Market, the NYSE or the NYSE American shall have been suspended, (iii) minimum or maximum prices for trading shall have been fixed, or maximum ranges for prices for securities shall have been required, on the Nasdaq Stock Market, the NYSE or NYSE American, by such exchange or by order of the Commission or any other governmental authority having jurisdiction, (iv) a banking moratorium shall have been declared by federal or state authorities, (v) there shall have occurred any attack on, outbreak or escalation of hostilities or act of terrorism involving the United States, any declaration by the United States of a national emergency or war, any substantial change or development involving a prospective substantial change in United States or other international political, financial or economic conditions or any other calamity or crisis, or (vi) the Company suffers any loss by strike, fire, flood, earthquake, accident or other calamity, whether or not covered by insurance, or (vii) in the judgment of the Representative, there has been, since the time of execution of this Agreement or since the respective dates as of which information is given in the Registration Statement, the Time of Sale Disclosure Package or the Final Prospectus, any material adverse change in the assets, properties, condition, financial or otherwise, or in the results of operations, business affairs or business prospects of the Company and its subsidiaries considered as a whole, whether or not arising in the ordinary course of business. Any such termination shall be without liability of any party to any other party except that the provisions of Section 5(a)(viii) and Section 9 hereof shall at all times be effective and shall survive such termination.

 

(b) If the Representative elects to terminate this Agreement as provided in this Section, the Company and the other Underwriters shall be notified promptly by the Representative by telephone, confirmed by letter.

 

10. Substitution of Underwriters. If any Underwriter or Underwriters shall default in its or their obligations to purchase Securities hereunder on the Closing Date or any Option Closing Date and the aggregate number of Securities which such defaulting Underwriter or Underwriters agreed but failed to purchase does not exceed ten percent (10%) of the total number of Securities to be purchased by all Underwriters on such Closing Date or Option Closing Date, the other Underwriters shall be obligated severally, in proportion to their respective commitments hereunder, to purchase the Securities which such defaulting Underwriter or Underwriters agreed but failed to purchase on such Closing Date or Option Closing Date. If any Underwriter or Underwriters shall so default and the aggregate number of Shares or Warrants with respect to which such default or defaults occur is more than ten percent (10%) of the total number of Securities to be purchased by all Underwriters on such Closing Date or Option Closing Date and arrangements satisfactory to the remaining Underwriters and the Company for the purchase of such Securities by other persons are not made within forty-eight (48) hours after such default, this Agreement shall terminate.

 

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If the remaining Underwriters or substituted Underwriters are required hereby or agree to take up all or part of the Securities of a defaulting Underwriter or Underwriters on such Closing Date or Option Closing Date as provided in this Section 10, (i) the Company shall have the right to postpone such Closing Date or Option Closing Date for a period of not more than five (5) full business days in order to permit the Company to effect whatever changes in the Registration Statement, the Final Prospectus, or in any other documents or arrangements, which may thereby be made necessary, and the Company agrees to promptly file any amendments to the Registration Statement or the Final Prospectus which may thereby be made necessary, and (ii) the respective numbers of Securities to be purchased by the remaining Underwriters or substituted Underwriters shall be taken as the basis of their underwriting obligation for all purposes of this Agreement. Nothing herein contained shall relieve any defaulting Underwriter of its liability to the Company or any other Underwriter for damages occasioned by its default hereunder. Any termination of this Agreement pursuant to this Section 10 shall be without liability on the part of any non-defaulting Underwriters or the Company, except that the representations, warranties, covenants, indemnities, agreements and other statements set forth in Section 2 and 3, the obligations with respect to expenses to be paid or reimbursed pursuant to Section 5 and the provisions of Section 5(a)(viii) and Section 9 and Sections 11 through 19, inclusive, shall not terminate and shall remain in full force and effect.

 

As used in this Agreement, the term “Underwriter” shall be deemed to include any person substituted for a defaulting Underwriter under this Section 10. Any action taken under this Section 10 shall not relieve any defaulting Underwriter from liability in respect of any default of such Underwriter under this Agreement.

 

11. Notices. Except as otherwise provided herein, all communications hereunder shall be in writing and, if to the Representative, shall be mailed, delivered or telecopied to Roth Capital Partners, LLC, 888 San Clemente Drive, Suite 400, Newport Beach, CA 92660, telecopy number: (949) 720-7227, Attention: Managing Director; and if to the Company, shall be mailed, delivered or telecopied to it at 9705 Loiret Blvd., Lenexa, KS 66219, telephone number: (913) 814-7774, Attention: Stanton E. Ross, Chief Executive Officer; or in each case to such other address as the person to be notified may have requested in writing. Any party to this Agreement may change such address for notices by sending to the parties to this Agreement written notice of a new address for such purpose.

 

12. Persons Entitled to Benefit of Agreement. This Agreement shall inure to the benefit of and be binding upon the parties hereto and their respective successors and assigns and the controlling persons, officers and directors referred to in Section 9. Nothing in this Agreement is intended or shall be construed to give to any other person, firm or corporation any legal or equitable remedy or claim under or in respect of this Agreement or any provision herein contained. The term “successors and assigns” as herein used shall not include any purchaser, as such purchaser, of any of the Shares, Pre-Funded Warrants, or Warrants from any Underwriters.

 

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13. Absence of Fiduciary Relationship. The Company acknowledges and agrees that: (a) each Underwriter has been retained solely to act as underwriter in connection with the sale of the Securities and that no fiduciary, advisory or agency relationship between the Company and any Underwriter has been created in respect of any of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, irrespective of whether the Underwriter has advised or is advising the Company on other matters; (b) the price and other terms of the Securities set forth in this Agreement were established by the Company following discussions and arms-length negotiations with the Underwriters and the Company is capable of evaluating and understanding and understands and accepts the terms, risks and conditions of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement; (c) it has been advised that the Underwriters and their affiliates are engaged in a broad range of transactions that may involve interests that differ from those of the Company and that no Underwriter has any obligation to disclose such interest and transactions to the Company by virtue of any fiduciary, advisory or agency relationship; and (d) it has been advised that each Underwriter is acting, in respect of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, solely for the benefit of such Underwriter, and not on behalf of the Company.

 

14. Amendments and Waivers. No supplement, modification or waiver of this Agreement shall be binding unless executed in writing by the party to be bound thereby. The failure of a party to exercise any right or remedy shall not be deemed or constitute a waiver of such right or remedy in the future. No waiver of any of the provisions of this Agreement shall be deemed or shall constitute a waiver of any other provision hereof (regardless of whether similar), nor shall any such waiver be deemed or constitute a continuing waiver unless otherwise expressly provided.

 

15. Partial Unenforceability. The invalidity or unenforceability of any section, paragraph, clause or provision of this Agreement shall not affect the validity or enforceability of any other section, paragraph, clause or provision.

 

16. Governing Law. This Agreement shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of New York.

 

17. Submission to Jurisdiction. The Company irrevocably (a) submits to the jurisdiction of the Supreme Court of the State of New York, Borough of Manhattan or the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York for the purpose of any suit, action, or other proceeding arising out of this Agreement, or any of the agreements or transactions contemplated by this Agreement, the Registration Statement, the Time of Sale Disclosure Package, any Prospectus and the Final Prospectus (each a “Proceeding”), (b) agrees that all claims in respect of any Proceeding may be heard and determined in any such court, (c) waives, to the fullest extent permitted by law, any immunity from jurisdiction of any such court or from any legal process therein, (d) agrees not to commence any Proceeding other than in such courts, and (e) waives, to the fullest extent permitted by law, any claim that such Proceeding is brought in an inconvenient forum. THE COMPANY (ON BEHALF OF ITSELF AND, TO THE FULLEST EXTENT PERMITTED BY LAW, ON BEHALF OF ITS RESPECTIVE EQUITY HOLDERS AND CREDITORS) HEREBY WAIVES ANY RIGHT IT MAY HAVE TO A TRIAL BY JURY IN RESPECT OF ANY CLAIM BASED UPON, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THIS AGREEMENT AND THE TRANSACTIONS CONTEMPLATED BY THIS AGREEMENT, THE REGISTRATION STATEMENT, THE TIME OF SALE DISCLOSURE PACKAGE, ANY PROSPECTUS AND THE FINAL PROSPECTUS.

 

18. Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed and delivered (including by facsimile transmission or electronic mail) in one or more counterparts and, if executed in more than one counterpart, the executed counterparts shall each be deemed to be an original and all such counterparts shall together constitute one and the same instrument.

 

[Signature Page Follows]

 

29
 

 

Please sign and return to the Company the enclosed duplicates of this letter whereupon this letter will become a binding agreement between the Company and the several Underwriters in accordance with its terms.

 

  Very truly yours,
   
  DIGITAL ALLY, INC.
     
  By:  
    Stanton E. Ross
    Chairman, President and CEO

 

Confirmed as of the date first above-mentioned

by the Representative of the several Underwriters.

 

ROTH CAPITAL PARTNERS, LLC  
     
By:    
  Aaron M. Gurewitz  
  Head of Equity Capital Markets  

 

[Signature page to Underwriting Agreement]

 

 
 

 

SCHEDULE I

 

    Firm Offering   Overallotment Option   Total with Full Exercise of Overallotment Option
Underwriters   Class A Units   Class B Units   Option Shares   Option Warrants   Option Shares   Option Warrants
Roth Capital Partners                        
Lake Street Capital Markets, LLC                        
Total                        

 

 
 

 

SCHEDULE II

 

Final Term Sheet

 

Issuer: Digital Ally, Inc. (the “Company”)
   
Symbol: DGLY
   
Securities:

[●] Class A Units, each consisting of one share of common stock of the Company, par value $0.001 per share (the “Common Stock”), of the Company and one warrant to purchase .75 share of Common Stock.

 

[●] Class B Units, each consisting of one Pre-Funded Warrant to purchase one share of Common Stock and one warrant to purchase .75 share of Common Stock.

   
Over-allotment option: Up to an additional [●] Option Shares of Common Stock at the public offering price and [●] Option Warrants at a price of $0.001 per Option Warrant.
   
Public offering price:

$[●] per Class A Unit (which includes one share of Common Stock and one warrant to purchase .75 share of Common Stock)

 

$[●] per Class B Unit (which includes one Pre-Funded Warrant to purchase one share of Common Stock and one warrant to purchase .75 share of Common Stock)

   
Underwriting discount:

$[●] per Class A Unit

$[●] per Class B Unit

   
Expected net proceeds: Approximately $[●] million ($[●] if the overallotment option is exercised in full) (after deducting the underwriting discount and estimated offering expenses payable by the Company).
   
Trade date: February [__], 2020
   
Settlement date: February [__], 2020
   
Underwriters:

Roth Capital Partners, LLC

Lake Street Capital Markets, LLC

 

 
 

 

SCHEDULE III

 

Free Writing Prospectus

 

None.

 

 
 

 

SCHEDULE IV

 

List of officers, directors and stockholders executing lock-up agreements

 

Stanton E. Ross

Thomas J. Heckman

Leroy C. Richie

Daniel F. Hutchins

Michael J. Caulfield

 

 
 

 

EXHIBIT A

 

Form of Lock-Up Agreement

 

Roth Capital Partners, LLC

888 San Clemente Drive, Suite 400

Newport Beach, CA 92660

 

Ladies and Gentlemen:

 

The undersigned understands that you, as the representative (the “Representative”) of the several underwriters named therein, propose to enter into an Underwriting Agreement (the “Underwriting Agreement”) with Digital Ally, Inc., a Nevada corporation (the “Company”), relating to a proposed offering of securities of the Company (the “Offering”) including (i) shares of the Common Stock, par value $0.001 per share (the “Common Stock”), (ii) pre-funded warrants to purchase shares of Common Stock at an exercise price of $0.001 per share and (iii) warrants to purchase shares of Common Stock. Capitalized terms used herein and not otherwise defined shall have the meanings set forth in the Underwriting Agreement.

 

In consideration of the foregoing, and in order to induce you to participate the Offering, and for other good and valuable consideration receipt of which is hereby acknowledged, the undersigned hereby agrees that, without the prior written consent of the Representative (which consent may be withheld in its sole discretion), the undersigned will not, during the period (the “Lock-Up Period”) beginning on the date hereof and ending on the date ninety (90) days after the date of the final prospectus relating to the Offering (the “Final Prospectus”), (1) offer, pledge, announce the intention to sell, sell, contract to sell, sell any option or contract to purchase, purchase any option or contract to sell, grant any option, right or warrant to purchase, or otherwise transfer or dispose of, directly or indirectly, or file (or participate in the filing of) a registration statement with the Securities and Exchange Commission in respect of, any shares of Common Stock or any securities convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for shares of Common Stock (including without limitation, shares of Common Stock which may be deemed to be beneficially owned by the undersigned in accordance with the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and securities which may be issued upon exercise of a stock option or warrant), (2) enter into any swap or other agreement that transfers, in whole or in part, any of the economic consequences of ownership of the shares of, whether any such transaction described in clause (1) or (2) above is to be settled by delivery of shares of Common Stock or such other securities, in cash or otherwise, (3) make any demand for or exercise any right with respect to, the registration of any shares of Common Stock or any security convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for shares of Common Stock, or (4) publicly announce an intention to effect any transaction specific in clause (1), (2) or (3) above.

 

 
 

 

Notwithstanding the foregoing, the restrictions set forth in clause (1) and (2) above shall not apply to (a) transfers (i) as a bona fide gift or gifts, provided that the donee or donees thereof agree to be bound in writing by the restrictions set forth herein, or (ii) to any trust for the direct or indirect benefit of the undersigned or the immediate family of the undersigned, provided that the trustee of the trust agrees to be bound in writing by the restrictions set forth herein, and provided further that any such transfer shall not involve a disposition for value, (b) the acquisition or exercise of any stock option issued pursuant to the Company’s existing stock option plan, including any exercise effected by the delivery of shares of Common Stock of the Company held by the undersigned, or (c) the purchase or sale of the Company’s securities pursuant to a plan, contract or instruction that satisfies all of the requirements of Rule 10b5-1(c)(1)(i)(B) that was in effect prior to the date hereof. For purposes of this Lock-Up Agreement, “immediate family” shall mean any relationship by blood, marriage or adoption, not more remote than first cousin.

 

The foregoing restrictions are expressly agreed to preclude the undersigned from engaging in any hedging or other transaction which is designed to or reasonably expected to lead to or result in a sale or disposition of shares of Common Stock even if such securities would be disposed of by someone other than the undersigned. Such prohibited hedging or other transactions would include without limitation any short sale or any purchase, sale or grant of any right (including without limitation any put option or put equivalent position or call option or call equivalent position) with respect to any of the shares of Common Stock or with respect to any security that includes, relates to, or derives any significant part of its value from such shares.

 

The undersigned hereby represents and warrants that the undersigned has full power and authority to enter into this Lock-Up Agreement. All authority herein conferred or agreed to be conferred and any obligations of the undersigned shall be binding upon the successors, assigns, heirs or personal representatives of the undersigned.

 

The undersigned also agrees and consents to the entry of stop transfer instructions with the Company’s transfer agent and registrar or depositary against the transfer of the undersigned’s shares of Common Stock except in compliance with the foregoing restrictions.

 

The undersigned understands that, if the Underwriting Agreement does not become effective, or if the Underwriting Agreement (other than the provisions thereof which survive termination) shall terminate or be terminated prior to payment for and delivery of the securities to be sold thereunder, the undersigned shall be released from all obligations under this Lock-Up Agreement.

 

This Lock-Up Agreement shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of New York, without regard to the conflict of laws principles thereof. The undersigned irrevocably (i) submits to the jurisdiction of the Supreme Court of the State of New York, Borough of Manhattan and the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York, for the purpose of any suit, action, or other proceeding arising out of this Lock-Up Agreement (each a “Proceeding”), (ii) agrees that all claims in respect of any Proceeding may be heard and determined in any such court, (iii) waives, to the fullest extent permitted by law, any immunity from jurisdiction of any such court or from any legal process therein, (iv) agrees not to commence any Proceeding other than in such courts, and (v) waives, to the fullest extent permitted by law, any claim that such Proceeding is brought in an inconvenient forum.

 

  Very truly yours,
   
   
  Name:  

 

 
 

 

EXHIBIT B

 

Form of Press Release

 

[Company].

[Date]

 

[Company] (the “Company”) announced today that Roth Capital Partners, LLC the [Representative] in the Company’s recent public sale of shares of common stock are [waiving][releasing] a lock-up restriction with respect to shares of the Company’s common stock held by [certain officers or directors] [an officer or director] of the Company. The [waiver][release] will take effect on          , 20 , and the shares may be sold on or after such date.

 

This press release is not an offer for sale of the securities in the United States or in any other jurisdiction where such offer is prohibited, and such securities may not be offered or sold in the United States absent registration or an exemption from registration under the United States Securities Act of 1933, as amended.

 

 
 

 

EXHIBIT C

 

Company Counsel Opinion

 

 
 

 

EXHIBIT 3.1(iii)

 

 

     
 

 

 

EXHIBIT 23.1

 

Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

 

We consent to the incorporation by reference in this Registration Statement on Form S-1 of Digital Ally, Inc. of our report dated March 29, 2019, relating to the consolidated financial statements of Digital Ally, Inc., appearing in the Annual Report on Form 10-K of Digital Ally, Inc. for the year ended December 31, 2018.

 

We also consent to the reference to our firm under the heading of “experts” in such Prospectus.

 

/s/ RSM US LLP  

Kansas City, Missouri

February 7, 2020